UNIVERSITATEA DIN CRAIOVA

FACULTATEA DE MECANICĂ

PROIECT
DINAMICA AUTOVEHICULELOR

Îndrumător,

Student,

____________________________

grupa _______ AR

2023
 TEMA PROIECT
Tema
Autoturism 4x4
Numar locuri 5
Viteza maxima 190 km/h
Panta maxima 27 grade

SOLUTII SIMILARE
Formula Tractiune Solutie tractiune Mase
Denumirea
M0 [kg] Ma [kg]
FORD RANGER 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1345 1880
NISSAN X TRAIL 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1590 2040
KIA SPORTAGE 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1583 2120
PORCHE CAYENNE 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1678 2015
OPEL INSIGNIA 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1580 2220
JEEP RENEGADE 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1540 2150
TOYOTA HARRIER 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1566 1884
JEEP GLADIATOR 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1690 2140
SKODA KODIAQ 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1675 2487
MERCEDES BENZ GLC 4x4 Tractiune integrala 1770 2500
Media 1601,7 2143,6
Tema 1820 2337

Dimensiuni
L l h A Ef Es
4632 1817 1430 2760 1506 1513
4692 1810 1480 2648 1560 1560
4306 1762 1485 2712 1539 1528
4756 1812 1463 2754 1522 1537
4765 1854 1469 2725 1560 1520
4803 1765 1469 2803 1515 1515
4559 1811 1487 2701 1545 1549
4685 1771 1427 2700 1522 1522
4435 1728 1405 2715 1505 1476
 4656 1890 1639 2873 1621 1621
4628,9 1802 1475,4 2739,1 1539,5 1534,1
4266 1654 1490 2687 1529 1523

Vit Accelerati
Motor
max e 0-100 Consum
Pneuri P
np[rot/ Mmax[Nm Nm[rot/
max [km/
min] ] min]
(kW) h]
205/55R16 125 6700 210 4250 228 7,7 6,1
205/55R16 120 5700 225 1950 220 7,5 6,4
215/55R16 118 5500 240 1500 220 6,9 6,3
205/50R17 114 3500 360 1800 220 7,1 5,8
215/55R17 125 4000 370 1750 221 6,9 7,8
205/55R16 114 4000 310 1800 219 7,5 6,2
225/45R17 132 5500 300 2250 225 8,1 8,1
215/55R17 130 4600 400 2000 220 7,8 6,7
205/55R16 105 4200 220 1500 220 7,6 6,2
215/60R17 130 5500 265 2500 220 7,9 5,9
121,
3 4920 290 2130 221,3
*=valori
215/55R1 care se
6 134 4800 299 2000 190 adopta
 2000
Masa proprie
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
GER AI
L
A GE NNE NI
A
A DE RI
ER TO
R
IA
Q
GL
C
ed
ia
N TR RT YE IG G R IA D Z M
RA S E KO N
X O CA LI
N N HA LA
D BE
RD A N SP HE E RE TA G DA
ES
FO SS KI
A
RC OP EP YO EP O D
NI JE
TO JE SK CE
PO ER
M

PARAMETRII CONSTRUCTIVI AI AUTOVEHICULELOR

Dimensiuni de gabarit
Lungime L 4266 4,266 [m]
Latime l 1654 1,654 [m]
Inaltime h 1490 1,49 [m]
Dimensiuni care pun in evidenta modul de organizare al autovehiculului

A[mm] 2687

Ef[mm] 1529

Es[mm] 1523

Dimensiuni Masice
n[locuri] 5
m0[kg] 1820
mu[kg] 475
ma[kg] 2337
a/A 0,45
b/A 0,55
m1[kg] 1285,4
m2[kg] 1051,7
 Masa ce revine pneurilor
mp1[kg] 642,675 kg
mp2[kg] 525,825 kg

Alegerea pneurilor
215/55R16
cod 93
rd[mm] 312
0,312
r0[mm] 320

Rezistentele la inaintare si puterile corespunzatoare

f 0,020
Ga[kg] 23370
alfa 28
Vmax[km/h] 190
Cx 0,400
ρ [kg/m3] 1,225
ηtr 0,900
K 0,604
α 0
α 27

CALCULUL REZISTENTELOR LA INAINTARE

Rezistente la inaintare deplasare drum orizontal

Suma rez Suma rez

v[km/ Rez la Rez la Rez la in regim regim
h] v[m/s] rulare panta Rez aerului demarare accelerat uniform
0 0 467,4 0 0 0 467,4 467,4
2,77777 472,05889 472,05889
10 8 467,4 0 4,65889429 0 4 4
5,55555 18,6355771 486,03557 486,03557
20 6 467,4 0 6 0 7 7
 8,33333 41,9300486 509,33004 509,33004
30 3 467,4 0 1 0 9 9
11,1111 74,5423086 541,94230 541,94230
40 1 467,4 0 4 0 9 9
13,8888 116,472357 583,87235 583,87235
50 9 467,4 0 3 0 7 7
16,6666 167,720194 635,12019 635,12019
60 7 467,4 0 4 0 4 4
19,4444 228,285820
70 4 467,4 0 2 0 695,68582 695,68582
22,2222 298,169234 765,56923 765,56923
80 2 467,4 0 6 0 5 5
377,370437 844,77043 844,77043
90 25 467,4 0 5 0 8 8
27,7777 933,28942 933,28942
100 8 467,4 0 465,889429 0 9 9
30,5555 563,726209 1031,1262 1031,1262
110 6 467,4 0 1 0 1 1
33,3333 670,880777 1138,2807 1138,2807
120 3 467,4 0 8 0 8 8
36,1111 1254,7531 1254,7531
130 1 467,4 0 787,353135 0 4 4
38,8888 913,143280 1380,5432 1380,5432
140 9 467,4 0 9 0 8 8
41,6666 1048,25121 1515,6512 1515,6512
150 7 467,4 0 5 0 2 2
44,4444 1192,67693 1660,0769 1660,0769
160 4 467,4 0 8 0 4 4
47,2222 1813,8204 1813,8204
170 2 467,4 0 1346,42045 0 5 5
1976,8817 1976,8817
180 50 467,4 0 1509,48175 0 5 5
52,7777 1681,86083 2149,2608 2149,2608
190 8 467,4 0 9 0 4 4
 Rez la inaintare deplasare drum orizontal
2500 panta=0

2000

1500 Rez la rulare

Rez la panta
R[N]

Rez la aer
Rez la demarare
1000 Suma rez in regim accelerat
Suma rez regim uniform

500

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

v[m/s]

Rezistente la inaintare la deplasarea panta max

Suma rez Suma rez

v[km/ Rez la Rez la Rez la in regim regim
h] v[m/s] rulare panta Rez aerului demarare accelerat uniform
416,507130 10609,75 18037,265 11026,265
0 0 5 8 0 7011 1 1
2,77777 416,507130 10609,75
10 8 5 8 4,65889429 7011 18041,924 11030,924
5,55555 416,507130 10609,75 18,6355771 18055,900 11044,900
20 6 5 8 6 7011 7 7
8,33333 416,507130 10609,75 41,9300486 18079,195 11068,195
30 3 5 8 1 7011 2 2
 11,1111 416,507130 10609,75 74,5423086 18111,807 11100,807
40 1 5 8 4 7011 4 4
13,8888 416,507130 10609,75 116,472357 18153,737 11142,737
50 9 5 8 3 7011 5 5
16,6666 416,507130 10609,75 167,720194 18204,985 11193,985
60 7 5 8 4 7011 3 3
19,4444 416,507130 10609,75 228,285820 18265,550 11254,550
70 4 5 8 2 7011 9 9
22,2222 416,507130 10609,75 298,169234 18335,434 11324,434
80 2 5 8 6 7011 3 3
416,507130 10609,75 377,370437 18414,635 11403,635
90 25 5 8 5 7011 5 5
27,7777 416,507130 10609,75 18503,154 11492,154
100 8 5 8 465,889429 7011 5 5
30,5555 416,507130 10609,75 563,726209 18600,991 11589,991
110 6 5 8 1 7011 3 3
33,3333 416,507130 10609,75 670,880777 18708,145 11697,145
120 3 5 8 8 7011 9 9
36,1111 416,507130 10609,75 18824,618 11813,618
130 1 5 8 787,353135 7011 2 2
38,8888 416,507130 10609,75 913,143280 18950,408 11939,408
140 9 5 8 9 7011 4 4
41,6666 416,507130 10609,75 1048,25121 19085,516 12074,516
150 7 5 8 5 7011 3 3
44,4444 416,507130 10609,75 1192,67693
160 4 5 8 8 7011 19229,942 12218,942
47,2222 416,507130 10609,75 19383,685 12372,685
170 2 5 8 1346,42045 7011 6 6
416,507130 10609,75 19546,746 12535,746
180 50 5 8 1509,48175 7011 9 9
52,7777 416,507130 10609,75 1681,86083 19719,125 12708,125
190 8 5 8 9 7011 9 9
 Rez la inaintare la deplasarea panta max
25000

20000

Rez la rulare
15000
Rez la panta
Rez aerului
R[N]

Rez la demarare
10000 Suma rez in regim
accelerat
Suma rez regim
uniform
5000

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

v[m/s]

CALCULUL PUTERILOR
Puteri rezistente la inaintare deplasare drum orizontal

Suma Suma
v[km/ P la P la puteri puteri
h] v[m/s] P la rulare panta P aerului demarare rez 1 rez 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2,77777 1,29833333 0,01294137 1,3112747
10 8 3 0 3 0 1 1
5,55555 2,59666666 0,10353098 2,7001976
20 6 7 0 4 0 3 5
8,33333 0,34941707 4,2444170
30 3 3,895 0 2 0 4 7
 11,1111 5,19333333 0,82824787 6,0215812
40 1 3 0 4 0 6 1
13,8888 6,49166666 1,61767162
50 9 7 0 9 0 8 8,1093383
16,6666 2,79533657 10,585336
60 7 7,79 0 4 0 11 6
19,4444 9,08833333 4,43889094 13,527224
70 4 3 0 9 0 14 3
22,2222 10,3866666 17,012649
80 2 7 0 6,62598299 0 17 7
9,43426093 21,119260
90 25 11,685 0 8 0 21 9
27,7777 12,9833333 12,9413730 25,924706
100 8 3 0 3 0 26 4
30,5555 14,2816666 31,506634
110 6 7 0 17,2249675 0 32 2
33,3333 22,3626925 37,942692
120 3 15,58 0 9 0 38 6
36,1111 16,8783333 28,4321965 45,310529
130 1 3 0 4 0 45 9
38,8888 18,1766666 35,5111275 53,687794
140 9 7 0 9 0 54 3
41,6666 43,6771339
150 7 19,475 0 7 0 63 63,152134
44,4444 20,7733333 53,0078639 73,781197
160 4 3 0 2 0 74 3
47,2222 22,0716666 63,5809656 85,652632
170 2 7 0 9 0 86 4
98,844087
180 50 23,37 0 75,4740875 0 99 5
52,7777 24,6683333 113,43321
190 8 3 0 88,7648776 0 113 1
 Puteri rezistente Drum orizontal panta=0
120

100

80
P la rulare
P la panta
P aerului
60
P[N]

P la demarare
Suma puteri rez 1
Suma puteri rez 2
40

20

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

v[m/s]

Puteri rezistente la deplasarea pe drum de panta max

Suma Sum
v[km/ P la P la P la puteri pute
h] v[m/s] rulare panta P aerului demarare rez 1 rez
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2,77777 0,54076509 0,01294137 49,500256 30,025
10 8 1 29,47155 3 19,475 4
5,55555 1,08153018 0,10353098
20 6 2 58,9431 4 38,95 99,078161 60,128
8,33333 1,62229527 0,34941707 148,81136 90,386
30 3 3 88,41465 2 58,425 2
11,1111 2,16306036 0,82824787 198,77750 120,87
40 1 5 117,8862 4 77,9 8
 13,8888 2,70382545 147,3577 1,61767162 249,05424 151,67
50 9 6 5 9 97,375 7
16,6666 3,24459054 2,79533657 299,71922 182,86
60 7 7 176,8293 4 116,85 7
19,4444 3,78535563 206,3008 4,43889094 350,85009 214,52
70 4 8 5 9 136,325 6
22,2222 4,32612072 402,52450 246,72
80 2 9 235,7724 6,62598299 155,8 3
265,2439 9,43426093 454,82009 279,54
90 25 4,86688582 5 8 175,275 6
27,7777 5,40765091 12,9413730 507,81452 313,06
100 8 1 294,7155 3 194,75 3
30,5555 5,94841600 324,1870 561,58543 347,36
110 6 2 5 17,2249675 214,225 3
33,3333 6,48918109 22,3626925 616,21047 382,51
120 3 4 353,6586 9 233,7 3
36,1111 7,02994618 383,1301 28,4321965 671,76729 418,59
130 1 5 5 4 253,175 2
38,8888 7,57071127 35,5111275 728,33353 455,68
140 9 6 412,6017 9 272,65 8
41,6666 8,11147636 442,0732 43,6771339 785,98685 493,86
150 7 7 5 7 292,125 9
44,4444 8,65224145 53,0078639 844,80490 533,20
160 4 8 471,5448 2 311,6 4
47,2222 9,19300654 501,0163 63,5809656 904,86532 573,79
170 2 9 5 9 331,075 1
966,24575 615,69
180 50 9,73377164 530,4879 75,4740875 350,55 8
52,7777 10,2745367 559,9594 1029,0238 658,99
190 8 3 5 88,7648776 370,025 6
 Puteri rez la deplasarea pe drum de panta max
1200

1000

800
P la rulare
P la panta
P aerului
600
P[N]

P la demarare
Suma puteri rez 1
Suma puteri rez 2

400

200

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

V[m/s]

DETERMINAREA ANALITICA A CARACTERISTICII EXTERNE A MOTORULUI

CALCULUL CARACTERISTICII EXTERNE

Turatie cuplu maxim nM 2000 rot/min

Turatia de putere
maxima np 4800 rot/min

Putere maxima P max 110,0437937 Kw

Coef. De Elast. ce 0,416666667

Coef.De Adapt. ca 1,291666667
Coef.Alfa. α 1,142857143 grade
Coef.Beta. β 0,714285714 grade
Coef.Gama. γ 0,857142857 grade

Ce[g/
n[rot/min] P[Kw] M[daNm] kWh*0.1]
22,70744
800 9 271,0701783 295,5555556
28,75958
1000 5 274,6540389 287,3888889
44,09888
1500 4 280,762892 270,375
59,22495
2000 8 282,7991764 258,2222222
73,49813
2500 9 280,762892 250,9305556
86,27875
3000 6 274,6540389 248,5
96,92713
3500 7 264,4726169 250,9305556
104,8036
4000 1 250,2186262 258,2222222
109,2685
4500 1 231,8920666 270,375
110,0437
4800 9 218,9412979 280
 Caracteristica externa
350

300

250

200
[g/kWh*0.1]

P[Kw]
[daNm]

M[daNm]
[Kw]

Ce[g/kWh*0.1]
150

100

50

0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500

Axis Title

DETERMINAREA RAPOARTELOR DE TRANSMITERE ALE TRANSMISIEI

2,969977
i0 3
nmax 4800 rot/min
rd 0,312 mm
Vmax 52,777778 m/s