Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
HOST NUMBER
adresa IP
24 bii
Clasa B are primii bii 10 si adresa de reea de 16 bii. Sunt maximum 16.384 de astfel
de reele.
10______.________
________.________
16 bii
16 bii
Clasa C are primii bii 110 si adresa de reea de 24 bii. Sunt maximum 2.097.152 de
astfel de reele.
101_____.________.________
24 bii
HOST NUMBER
8 bii
Notaia zecimal a fost introdus pentru o mai uoara citire i scriere a adreselor IP.
Cele patru grupuri sunt separate prin cte un punct.
Exemplu: 01110111.01101100.01011111.00010111 119.108.95.23 (adresa de clasa A
deoarece primul bit este 0)
1
1.1.2. Subnetting
Pentru a putea diviza clasele de adrese A, B i C n intervale mai mici a fost introdus
procedura de subnetting care suport trei niveluri de ierarhie. Astfel administratorii pot s-i
asigneze cate un subnet number pentru fiecare reea intern fr a mai solicita noi adrese.
Adresa IP
Prefix reea
host number
Prefix reea
Prefix subreea
host number
Lungimea prefixului extins ale reelei este egal cu numrul de bii consecutivi egali
cu 1.
Exemplu:
192.129.213.54
255.255.255.0
extended network prefix
11000000.10000001.11010101.00110110
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
<---------24 biti--------->
89.102.131.21
255.255.248.0
89.102.131.21
255.255.248.0
89.102.10000011.00010101
255.255.11111000.00000000
<--21 biti-->
89.102.10000000.00000000 (89.102.128.0)
89.102.10000000.00000001 (89.102.128.1)
adresa de reea
prima adres
--ultima adres
adresa de broadcast
89.102.10000111.11111110 (89.102.135.254)
89.102.10000111.11111111 (89.102.135.255)
Adresa de reea a fost obinut prin nmulirea (bit cu bit) dintre adresa IP i subnet
mask exprimate n binar.
Astfel am obinut:
subnet mask: 255.255.255.224
subretele: 8 (initial solicitate 5)
hosturi/subretea: 30 (initial solicitate 20)
Cei 3 bii pentru definirea subnet-urilor sunt 0(000), 1(001), 2(010), 3(011), 4(100),
5(101), 6(110), 7(111).
adresa
de baza
subnet 0
subnet 1
subnet 2
subnet 3
subnet 4
subnet 5
subnet 6
subnet 7
***
11000000.10000001.11010101.00000000=192.129.213.0/24
11000000.10000001.11010101.00000000=192.129.213.0/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.00100000=192.129.213.32/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.01000000=192.129.213.64/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.01100000=192.129.213.96/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10000000=192.129.213.128/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10100000=192.129.213.160/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.11000000=192.129.213.192/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.11100000=192.129.213.224/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10100000=192.129.213.160/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10100001=192.129.213.161/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10100010=192.129.213.162/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10100011=192.129.213.163/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10111100=192.129.213.188/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10111101=192.129.213.189/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10111110=192.129.213.190/27
11000000.10000001.11010101.10111111=192.129.213.163/27
Exemplu:
Dorim realizarea reelei cu urmtoarea structur
183.103.0.0/16
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/
/
/
/ /
/
/
/
\
\
\
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|0| |1| |2| |3| |4| |5| |6| |7| ....... |11| |12| |13| |14| |15|
|
|
___________|_____________
______________|__________
/
\
/
\
|0| |1| |2|.....|13| |14| |15|
|0| |1| |2|.....|29| |30| |31|
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_____________|_____________
/
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|0| |1| |2| |3| |4| |5| |6| |7|
****
10110111.01100111.00000000.00000000=183.103.0.0/16
10110111.01100111.00000000.00000000=183.103.0.0/20
10110111.01100111.00010000.00000000=183.103.16.0/20
10110111.01100111.00100000.00000000=183.103.32.0/20
10110111.01100111.00110000.00000000=183.103.48.0/20
10110111.01100111.01000000.00000000=183.103.64.0/20
10110111.01100111.01010000.00000000=183.103.80.0/20
10110111.01100111.11000000.00000000=183.103.192.0/20
10110111.01100111.11010000.00000000=183.103.208.0/20
10110111.01100111.11100000.00000000=183.103.224.0/20
10110111.01100111.11110000.00000000=183.103.240.0/20
****
10110111.01100111.00110000.00000000=183.103.48.0/20
10110111.01100111.00110000.00000000=183.103.48.0/24
10110111.01100111.00110001.00000000=183.103.49.0/24
10110111.01100111.00110010.00000000=183.103.50.0/24
10110111.01100111.00110011.00000000=183.103.51.0/24
10110111.01100111.00110100.00000000=183.103.52.0/24
10110111.01100111.00111100.00000000=183.103.60.0/24
10110111.01100111.00111101.00000000=183.103.61.0/24
10110111.01100111.00111110.00000000=183.103.62.0/24
10110111.01100111.00111111.00000000=183.103.63.0/24
**** *
10110111.01100111.11010000.00000000=183.103.208.0/20
10110111.01100111.11010000.00000000=183.103.208.0/25
10110111.01100111.11010000.10000000=183.103.208.128/25
10110111.01100111.11010001.00000000=183.103.209.0/25
10110111.01100111.11010001.10000000=183.103.209.128/25
10110111.01100111.11010010.00000000=183.103.210.0/25
10110111.01100111.11011110.00000000=183.103.209.0/25
10110111.01100111.11011110.10000000=183.103.222.128/25
10110111.01100111.11011111.00000000=183.103.223.0/25
10110111.01100111.11011111.10000000=183.103.223.128/25
***
10110111.01100111.11010000.10000000=183.103.208.128/25
10110111.01100111.11010000.10000000=183.103.208.128/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.10010000=183.103.208.144/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.10100000=183.103.208.160/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.10110000=183.103.208.176/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.11000000=183.103.208.192/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.11010000=183.103.208.208/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.11100000=183.103.208.224/28
10110111.01100111.11010000.11110000=183.103.208.240/28