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,',ii
ir,-(
l)rrisi)(]rili.licli' Irol;i'
[
])L
i',, s., rrrrL.rt(.r , iilr,-,r'iair:rr, c()t.i l'ot'lnl si l();ile
lrirl:i;t,:,rt'iic l)r-'cit.ic lc;li;:ilir.rillr ol){}(lii Ill(}(.1i.'1)llc"1 -- il f i:L
l ;ri:rr:,Ir;].rrt.r ]iicirtrii i];ttri:tilzi.
lir l rr.riL: ,,1': J,:s, l)l'iil c;1.1'o lrac-.lltt irlll)r)rLilill(l (l l'ilr)irr i r'1)iliti:r.ril.ie rlin .i:rtr,tp:i (ji.lliil.:.1lii. si t'iilr \lt:rlilllrirl;t'
sirlc \f rft'rt N,tt'ilulLt i, so (li.:z\ ulllr.st l'ic{'ill1l 5i i11rl1l'riri;1
lirltjii, irrr lirpi:li. l)irnllrl i11.l,)lli-rrl{i.rrll;1 l1li1ii)llilli"l ilillr'!il ir';r ,!,.rrrtiit:t1i,-:i :;1larri,.-rlt: i,tllisc (lltlr')lllii. \' ' t' 1-r'i
:rri jLL,-:ll.l i.iii 1'()l riu iltltlrill,.,tLillr", ;li'irrll:r I irliu itt: rr: llt
'n,,ril,rrtirtl ci,.)tt,irliic ;tni la 1i(ili, i:lr lllroi :i pc lat itrrrti
i,iL'il,l'. i[rri,rin':.lr f()t11.1]ilr.i t:ll !iiilr!ili .\trr''-'t'rril, tttt'lu
l)i.ircr::i il. luil{--iji.}llt.\i'rlLls Utopia'
.rL i,r1q,1it llll
1'q51; l;r'icur,'i11.:i 11:tir iifsiiltrrll r.lt l:t !''.rti'
liu .ti17 "itrrJ)
'a
i.riii, rt,r:,.'1. CL:llcgirtrir 'I'iilil;-:,r'' itl ,-r;tt'i: rri itlr iillt l;l1itr;i,
;rrr;t,':r si ttltt"rtic;t i:i rtll,lr: s-lr i:ir:rtt. .sirrriit'li itttttl; l"i'
Irri llr'.tsttitts. llirl tlilL.',:1,I rltlt ,,til.littlli ttltrtl rlittir''] 1')(lllriii,rrli lrri l,tri.stlltl:r,.\'lri'rrr,ri VI l,';r, i';rl'i rtlIr''r 152ilr;Jli" -i Lr:tit' l,i1.,sirr,; (151? l(i{Xj}, lil'r1", -i :r;jtr{iil(ir,
,) i(iijt ulltli ,lititr:t.: lrilt.t'ii tttlt,rttl,li ;li Lrlr'r1rti.
Irrtt;Lui,;'Lii ,-iill'l'iir:ile d(' .1", llll i rrl rtlttot;i:'i, '';l r't'i
,1irr !t.iilirr. r.itrtrrlrlifiiltl lliiii{)ilrllr' ,'i '1" rlrir ilrrl I"'r)rli:r};
,lr:p:r.i1r: ii.r lititir;t. .'r,l'lriltl, Ii s, t i;Ltt l,rl irtr ,l''.

-tt- ., ,lr',1'r r,,r I'i;t I ,,i sitli,

1 l";r jrt', Iti.tlt.rrtL l|,:itrrsf r tii in. ]lllirr ;l ,.rll: .s17 i;t I rl.r.::1,-ta
cit,, 1rirg" I.lG"
j.tr,rlriin lt.uizing*, iltr rilt: tl'itttc';nti:liti.tt:: .jt)ttLi jltr.t' {t:5
I'rry.s-llrrs trttrit L'Jittt',tPc ')iL:it1(tt.iatla rl: l'Jliti,)f(: ct:tLti',tl(,
rr'lr!., ,)l).

I'rrlriir

ri1

i,rns tli.: Ilt. (',rrtr-:ililrti()11 lllLr'rll;lt.i,rrtlll,.", l);rr-is, i:)lllJ.

ir,rri6?

I469?

C,'l ,r,,,i sti-ilur'ii

(iLilli[
n,i. juure 1a li<,llcrtlitm,
i r:i gcrliL ti

ne:

rc!e,

c.1 in i

tli

itr

tr'-o

l5l]6)

trtr'r:tttist.

lrl lit:ltltsl:t ii lilitl

afi,i oli.lrn iiilL

11xi1gi1.irrr,

ml'r nits

ti r:c rr trS-trs

ti

na (()1anrtlrl

rlclcrririrnt tler trrir"irc;'i 1ip..il tlc r.or:r,tic ntouiL.lut.lit' Strrtliitr:'

< lasicc inccpute ;ritri siri c()nlirlllittc thrpir, .l195 1a l'li'lis,
irn.rlc tr:rio;itc i11 colldifii rtizcrc il't crtslt' si-Lrncili:r"(iltotittt"''
PLlltfcntti?i c1e pc ltngit ColcgiLrl r\lrintr igu" Curirttl sc r'r
iILrc1inc sirlglii". 616{ ]irc!ii t1e latinir, si c1c rcfo.ririL lirlcrilot'
vcniii ln inr-ir!itur:iL itt Ir:trt!:rr clin'f iiliic ilt''los, tlin Cct'nr:rllia ori tlinr\nglirl" Irivitat in'\rrglia f 1l'q9-*l 5i)01 ' si itrtl'tit'1161r1ic etl ulllanif ti de sellnil (l()lr11 ('r'1t {, l'itt;tt:t-r'''
\V.(lfa)c.\'tl,'lllrortttis l\[ol'tts) si itttt'1rt,sli ittit:lr'lrrttl';l r-tt'iti'r'
irrll{ivitrrtrlt ltti tlt.'tlilrrzltl( il cllllrrrii:rlttlrt'st "'t't'ittsi:t-ic
mili tit'zirt ;i L|rrtlrrct Ii tl.itt lirrrl,lr ilr'('ll(;i irr l:riirri: tlirr l"rtripic1c, JJltrlar:L, l,lrciau.'loL iri.\ng1 ia infir'i.1lii' ilirt rti'ttsilirl'L
iliilaclice -*- c11 p.ro{csor avca ,6sv3ic, pcnt.rn cle\ i; s:ti"
tlc te:itc sriLisli-rcirLonr"e Pritl lirnbi"r si (:ontinlrt--- (r ctri{rg(!rL?
(lc ntit.sinr.r.' inso!it.c tlc cotnctrLlrr-ii; Adagiile, cirt'c il Irrc
celcl)rr d.e 1a prima ltil ctli!ic -- L'lrris, 150{t, Citlatotcslt"
lnr.rlt si pitr:r iilLf-tlll tifzill ctl g.-ri)11 sc l)c,1Itc \'{trl'i (lr'51'r't lt{1
rlomiciliu stulril.
ln al'tLtir tk: { )lirrrcilr, lor.rtti'l'sti' itt citl'r'lt irttirot'lltrtlt:
ccntrc alc ctrllur:ii rcntscentistc;.1)lrtis, l-t'rt r':lirl (licl3iit) "
lrlcil-rnrS (Ccrrtrrtrir, 15?9*.i5ll5l . l)c tr{ri c'ri vizitc'rzit
Ang.l iri {149t)'--15{x); l5{15 l5irii; lStr:i - l5l-ll ; itt ctrt'stil

r,:r.i:!,lririri

i.rr:i11 [-ii.!].1*

,],r,;'r.':r::rtrri
.lri;r,.

D(jntnl

iii

iliUti*'15$l]; irt l5n)ti ilsi ur Jir 'i',:,rr;:rr.:

ie,-rl,:gic) sc r)p1'cit.c tinrlr de z(irrc i.uni lir. !'tlli.j-

ir, J.ucra

i'n lipoglatria

ltri ,\ido

.l:iirttrrzir)

n;.rr,

'li;-'i-

c,iifii:r..Adagiilor (150Si " J-ir, viafa r.Xr: niii-rlir.s1 irtr

,r.rr r;ra l ;:r-r,int:, ,J,:ti. liri;r, i:i l517 izbrt{,'stc :i'i ,.rlri.i.n;1i," ltliiti.i-'r,I'sllrr,l:;i 1r;t,ir;il,L,;,;rtlir't':t {X{.: ll,lsitiri si r,'tl-"titi!r1r t),:lr:-

iirri,;1, lli.rrri

:j1a:ii.icl)"

ir,l l-tt lir'::1:'i , sr' st:tililt':;1 ,: itl Illt cii;t., l;r Li:';ttjiil^i1,1 lSltl; l5ill l52i); liliS l5.iii) ,:rrlr: r.[1;vi11g;.1,5,1;1rlJ.
rttl r'r.r.l1r'rr r'-l l'lrirrrll,'i r:r'rt,li1.r: {1,.i,'i sr';t.i'lrt, iit-i-critr.li;i,1:'l '.:il rr
=lrii.,,'i.,1,r, irli; iil U|lI)-;,i,,) tiltiIilt'sit;rit', ilri-jr'1l1il'i'lrlr:;rt.til;r
liil .[. lir",rirr:i;iris),
S,-riiii,ri: {r:rl|l(lsr'ui :, r.i 1:r;, i :i:lL:r pr-ilt ElOg;ttl tfehrtt-"iei,
i)lil)li1)ii.t. irl I5l I) ::i r:r'rr,lii. llt::rstiit.ts rl:ii.r (:ri rl;t.-;i'r't( i)],1'r.;ullair irr rii:.1.i r)trrlii: ([']n1r]]ii: rrtttrii..l.li,, 1:r:'.1lr,gr:rgir, 1.i;'.ri,.rgit.r.
i!i,rio;it,; l.zi.r.:t.: t'rrr.Licijt:i, iitgr;iit:i e1t: cdifi.i " j,)tirrt;i, hi i ;^--i'i1ri'a, iJil 1r:1lrrilL:t:rrli-iiir.1rli.ii.iLir,l, (l.iri:i'l rii* t,itr4rui strlli.ii jil
'.',ri,rLfi.--i:ii:i:-::,,iir'r {)Lrit-r.}ri,: Cartea inrpotriva titrbarilor (,trltibarharorttnl tihcr); ,.b;r r"ir,r'.i i" (-"r'itLt r:;ilugr!,r:ii iL'ne:,i,! {:ri
L).i, i-lt
'itiiti:r.):.r..irih.nt,-.,:;r'i.i, tr:r.:r.t. }rittc r;irrt(ts(trii.i tli: t:l r 1rr,:itirtt
;rriii,rL.'rrl i,ir-ir:iiii,". l:r'risrrltts;r.:rrrris yi.;;rrc,lii, rlr.t liritire. l;-r,iiui,,
,rJl:r, )rr:li Uiiri'('l]:rri, ,,rtititlr.| i'l liriljtlil,:ilri1:rrliilr)t'. llt:r.i:r1r-':;
I* l5{}5"
lil.,i1:iit,'tli ]rrr ri,^ iii,lrljlisl si ltlrl.i,'r,)r: it ,lit i.ii:;r:tli 1l;r.lr:i
.itii.r'r.:r,'.j;1.
iri'1-iv ii.:'ri-r: :ii)J.'{, irll,i:iit i r-:ci,:tl- f.ir ir,i} ;t ilit. i,i.!il, ii 'ui'r.:'lrrtii: s;ii srr i:,)t'nrczc. l1it.)rltti):.ti.() ll(ltli"ru tri .,ttt;i,i'ltli,i,-," (l-;i,it,:i
'rri\ ),;r.r{'Adalliile *i C0loct-iilei, tlt:i:ii:r,1.o i;LE:-"i.i.ii;li i',}ilriiii(1,
i:r:. ir;rrlc ,rri st iii:i.i,:i! illiiilog despre pronufltarfa etirect* e
llrnhli tatine 1i grecelti. Ilc rcct:t I'atini Graeciqtte seritlonis pf{llrufl(iiltl(]llc diill(lglls ..i eictroniilntts l)|iirii,:;r.t;"
ir liis: llcspre boilililr rlrvint(lor fi i! lucrrrr,lt)t, Dc copilr
';ierh(iltltr ac r(fstp * 1rplrlir;r.1ll, i,t l-il.l; Despf( c0titl'luiler;eii Ncrisorilor'r l}: cortscrih0l!{tris epistolis, i:rttiL;q-'Pli1ii irr
:iirii (1'("i rlc r;irrt.ri, 1i:rIir;i;itt:r)^. l1:'r iit,-:t';l;-! c-',illri.l'il,-l;i:.;"i i-ri,-,irl,lt;i,, iiL) ltlrlitiilil, ,-ir: i-;ri'i;':
IlesFte rllttoda de strrdiu (De rat;one sttrrtrii- strr:is;.-r. f l;r.i11l-1';i,
N.rt trttrit;li itt-ci"i."tiii,:;r, c);t
r:,r.ii-r'),ri,:ili.ii:,trrii iri.\ugiilti,
,r iutr:.i.r:lri, r:{li);illrrr i1 itri.crr):tr-'lizir. (Despre bune le deprinderi
,!le cot!iitor" Ife t:it'ilitate rilLrrufil pueril;uttr ' - hii:c rri):r,-1r.',rili irr ri,l 'ii-r li-l;'iiii.ir.li(.r! lrri -,\tri:,rtl l'ii.t-li.l, l{fis:ttL'itriO)"
Lr,i,itri

insll:uilcl.l:,ii cllu(rrl.r:c:l t-rlirjlu.1rt; -sittt. tlrlar o 1il'r,r:ti,;iLi 'lin

l',li:ttt;t,lcrt., cilrir llll i!.1.c(){.ii1l,zi, rir']'l-il cu l1r'lilrti-'il , il or'icil:Lli ')li}.
)ir sllilil; ri,rnls(rcitLi:it, l"lt':rs'.ntts,crcilc i;1 pcr:i.cctiiriiitrrl.l;r.
rtor:tlii a. n,rtrrrii urrill.rt.Lr..[n Manualul ostaqului cfettin
(Enchiridion nrilitis cttrlstiani) ;i Despre cdtrcarca prlncipclui creitin {De institutiorre prittcipis christiallit 1)rrl)lii:lr,i.;-r, itt 15lG) int'ii:i.i:ur'1, i:rcsliu.;-r. cl;Lc il,:n.irn cl, lur i c;rtriilr,l
,li:rri.i: lt r:cligit:, o rloritlit tlin t:arc clcspl'inilr: l1r.)l:.1)1. tL";'"'irrlir
iul,,-r'iorr.t:i;i. tlc sltrjirc ii tciol tiin jtrr'. l)irllr* iiirirri'ii lriscri.,:ii (a cirot: crlililt:c il \:i1 Irrcoctrpl irr ri itirr:rii 90 ri.t-' n,tli
;r.i. vii:fii) ii a.dnlil:i itl(,lu,l.jtil)i ili,'tJl:igJil si Lt:l',rtriill , ull'.li1;i ;i pr:ir!rri1-t-ri-i. l.i ctLli-rti:ii t:1asii:i:. irl r:ll i't t or!rlr':li:rllt' cqttiiilLrilirl,i:. !]ti|';-i,i;itl"r. rh li,.;irlt;si.r:i'r,, rt..irlr-'ltlr.llil,ri','lrtsi,',: iii
i:i i.rl
'; I1l:li.i.]l

I'ilnit,ltisljtrl 0si.(} rrn

(:,.!t-rjCl.;i.irrT

(1,

1)L:illltst'f

i\.', llrl irrlrit,rr

rJstilul'it.l,"c dll rji.)sl)r.:l)tul itil'$i.r1o1' .irr lir ll 1; rsrii''

iLr iriirl.i,rlccl r'i,in l.,ortvlr.it: ai.lrr,>t-li1:iilc ltti J-rll:"ttzi-r \;rrJ.lrt I;r.
N,nl -ll,rsi.rrnr'ni, lrlr ci-trc lc iilriir:csit: ii.; 15115 l.t. .i';iri:'. -\lrli*
,-:it4 it rrr.)itl;irtLlir,t'c Sci:ici'j.irli.'srti:l; t:r-ilic;t iiirl1,r3i,,'i"r, t-'l lriliibiirli'
r:rie.!l,:i-1, Ir:ri il,,:ilarir: li,stl1)iir" t.lllt.tliti ij!"cl.li{..: lll
rl.(.j l,csfr,.:

r:()\.ir1r1iLrilu cl:ol'ili) il,$ ti':liluccri tiirl Vulgatll;i ptrbii':ir iir

l5l(j iir. lJlscl o Bil,]it irilirrgvi,, Lrilri ilupi-'irltJr-' i.t'-'.i.tl itr liirr-

'
(Nc vrtin lnstrrrU-rcr.ci-1.. Lt:rtlr-rcr.:l:cit, l;r1.iir.:i, ;i ar,lnoiil.ri.
rltefltltfl). irr 1ii:ull f r'r, a Pir:cl ;i ri.r:zitlcr:-r r;Lrl. utrci liiirli i i r:rrrii.ts,: itt i:rlil.c Iii',r];il.L1. .l.rf ii.t {.!j:lo11'"ilftlili-t]\!ltlrr i lriiili' , ';!i
;li 1ll:ilr. s;r1it'i,rlt,l'l:;1, iitt. olr,lllt s;1, ;l i()l'irIlti, i r J' t i';'l'l :i r'
ril,)r1:r,l)i.iirl'llIi, lit';r.,rrttr,: liti'rriti'.1 'rIi1 iir]lI l), lltrrr ;t rlitr'li. i.r
ll:)r:r)-i1:rrt.i)ir trl,)lriliit'ii Jri;r'ri, ii, rt,;ttl;r. ,lttttttttl lit)i')t'lirlli'
l)t;r,,:r:,t;r cr';r Iir',:,;, ,,1r,,Irtili,,:r:, irr [517, i)i:l.Ji:iil:i,) 1'lr('l(]:
l;r, \Vit.1;otl.11'!i, J,ri.irci: sii,-;i. l'i ittrlrrrtl'rrLl lilivili.i,' 'lr"r.Lr:t'
l,lt:;t.sr.n.us: prcoclll):.'.r:iiu teulo;lido, irhni:iLatcrr. rttttlr;.r' r.litii.t't-:
,)i)i.!ri.i. i;. tcl)rii;il.!irl lnx.r*lui. uittlluist i1 irltlr"it.Lrilr.u sii sp{li:o
5i si rl,t.t.'c:-rst:ir. url slilij it. tlitl pllli;tr-i. lrr l5i9 i sc:i'ir'ij:li--1,'r;'
, li rrtrr L :;i 1l irt.t:r,'ntr ij lil'iistir'.rs
ita lc ;.r,-J sr-r;].i iti..
lirlisntrts crl intuuci itt trrt Jttrcil, gl,;r. ii:i. t-',lotr,11lll){l;'il!}i i itr
irr-rlnijll,u; I:ir,r'ltlrl iir'rli tic sa.liDiijl, lunriilli. ;r. iitlltii, Pi'i11!
ytiiri'ti:l,tr', p:Ll:illlL' ril slLrrliillr, l'-r"Lhi:r {li.l.iiliji)'luill; .., i;ti"
ittc,t:ii.jtii; i,'bi.ji.s,ii.titr",t;;tti.t'tttii ...)lJ.,;nci:ili,t:lr'IluitI'iclrI\:j. lLi+a'
:r.[ ,\rrglici ti Flat,:isc I, rt:gtric.l-ij'ir,il!(ii., \.of s:t-i ciitigt:
l:it\,.i;it'!):r. (-ii1t:i rrrriICr-sitti.!i ii l']r()j)1111 il illtitrlt';-t. si ill t,)t-,ls-

l)ir,

:.1,1

sinl si'r'is,,r'i rli l:r Ir'li 1r;r1ii; rrtrrl rliniir: (:i sr:
irli.il"l lr. I llnrli ,r;l.r',!irt;rl, lil-;t.rruts t'e {rtzit irrviitri.ii si c,itr,Lit.ti,
Iti'nLrrr il.-li l);istr-rr lilr;r't.;tLirlt. l';rr:iiisrrrrrl si rnorlcrlii:l liri.
( ni)rirr(l irr clt, o:;r-'illriir-, ;i ltij\-oic ile con.rIr'i-rnris. litllitivisinrI il lir(r'si r)u s;o;r,lirrit.r L:rlirgol:ic. Clr.tol.it;i si lrrotcstanl:l
i,()1 ;r.t.(.i,tl irt t,3rLl;-L 1l1r-q;llli cl cL si it-'inLri.i't::Lli-li i.lrtilLirilt,,
l,llrrsrrrrrs lltl'rllinc i) r(rzL1r\-ai ciL li,ralc <k: intli:iungat.i"r, .[ic'zi"r'\'.t llli (^<tr: o rnotlu.lii.uti: <lt':tlr:irltrc il jnckrpc'nrlcnlcii
,,r'i, r' :rn,J:r.i:tr{ i-;r.f iull)ttrir lirtist{.:1, in,lispcn.itl,iliL lrrr:r:trlui,
(,1'i( {, lri:jilL.lrt'i (h. nlr)fDLlll',. l\t pnt.i.:il .inr:iiic1c, il:i(lnl15e ftcrt]t1,
tLt, i itttl',tt:t'izil;i1tl, lti;-lg 0()tlit.rill{('ri r,iito:trc: ia.t' el, i.t'c:i
.rir,;i lrorrt.i. t:\lri-inr'l rrlst.irrglu:ri1. 1;iirt:r-i1r': plofrl-li..[ilzrrr,vlr
llr i l.sti: insi 1i ,r [riruti tli: nc!':i r(: :r cc]{-,1' ilriLti 1-r1r7l1.li ; cilto{rrisrrtrrl si li,liirisr;rrrl luft,:':u.t srt: ;u iLilsirl'i"l la {r'l t1c [lnatice,
i;rl lii'lrrrltt lsi i:olcrirntirl l:lr'lirrrttrs tti'a It.tlitisrttLrl; ilti rt,c:trlr,
lr ilrr r,r'it:e lrr:r rr, ,lc lrt ii.rtriirtc l.ntttsrtrtiiL.
ii
,\1,1i i,ilrsnru:, SnlL l{'il rir' lrii:lr ; t1.ir Irir':r llrlillsirii
inl,rlrtt r'. tirrli t[,: r[r,rli silrt;'irrrirri, rk, l;r 1ro;11{1 lLri, sult
rlil.,r'iil l)r'.;t(r\1\', l'(r [.'li'i'.:1r \'()r] l.[trlt:r'tt- lLrgrlr ttL'r,i'.rif
sl lr,,ln;rr'. ir,:r,,,1'1. \'rr'i1,,) (le tllrttlri si artlcr.i pc tllS..." tcalltir
i'r'il lrl) oLrsilLciil irr PIlrs irt t'xllrirnlrlait. caltcsofi(,:i a ul1ol
1:,;-r.r'.rri. irri r-r scri-{)r.rrc din 5, \'.1 l" 1i2 I i;lrlsrnLrs sJrtnlel:
.,\ri:rrr t,ti prrt,tr"el. trlilrtirilrirr i. ,\[i tclr r]ii, tlac,iL s-ar iscic
\'r'i'oil i.rlurrril, 1'as irtrit.lt i'rr: Pci.rrr, -\[i. srrliLrn pap'1[66 si
-r;r'irrcil-ril,;r' citr'(.r (l:lil (l('ciiilt liirttt', t:ici<1r'clri- csle sir o flrc:
r: t';rlrrI l)L'ci]i. ('irfo iitf'l03'i irrr):rsti':,11{,i11titt lL.{i arli,lrartil
1l'. prinrjrlii""
i.;r insistrrrlr:lr. 1,:LPi^i s.r.:irrtt olrlit-r'r t. sii-1i cxplirrrt, tt.ri.nsi
i,1ri11ir1 rh' nrtrlli vltnrc lr;i{li)tilli . ,\ ltqr, Lr lrro1)lelui"r i,a c,,a,'
il 1rr{r';r t,'nrlill.r' pl l,rtllt,'t'L tt ('r,rl.itiintll irnl,icat:i! frllllt()
1,r-i,rli'stirr:irii, r,'rlirr{;r irt lilrlr'trrlr':r ontr'rrcrtst:r'i:: irl lttcr';u'c:r.
;r1';irrrl;i I;r ll;rst l irr li2 I, Desprc liberul arbilfu (De Iibero
arttitrio), Irr t ;r t',' l.trt lrtrt' it\,('ii si lii.sirttrtrlir. irti:cirinrl irstft:l'
i, r'r,rrtrovtl'si lrrrl,lii ri, pr:in Despre sefvitutea vointei (De
rerv0 arbitfio).
llnzilt, iiriele!-.'riisi rnoiltr':r,tit'i lro,iilrilc. r:u cirt'r' [ir';rsnrrrs
'ri:r'i-risc n.ttili: tirn|, se s1lttll)crl . I'r'rit:flttt:ii
il acttzlrr tlir lrir,Lrr"t, li [,nllrcrr: il act,ltc|r:lr c[t, Lrlirslcn-rii, citic,Iicii i1 |lr'i\.(.irr.il l)t nn cr'('iic. Tn I525. Jclrrirea pdcii. in tlirtlrLr:':rt':,
llrrttci'zli;r lLri l,r,rris 1{g lilrrrluitr, rrt:rr:l tlinlr''-, {-r{,ttsf)oll(linf)on(1('lrtir irri

ili

jii lrri Iirrr::rlllis, (':iii) rltttzltt'ltli rlo S|t'lr'rll:rl l-'tti:; 'i'' IJcr,llrirt r.,;t li c,tti,.l;tlittt;.lL Lir'Sr)l-i-r{)lllt 1i:rI-:j Il( rlll Ii} (lIIlr
lD l51i:.1" i.titttr,:lt tlir.r jlrrul ltti.l;irrsrlltts 1)ll]'t (lil] rL'ill (.1(i ill;li
ini,rhrr';tutiL; \'cchii prioi-l'ni li liu.r'o't i.i, Jr;Ll lrisilct'1i Ilr'ruli\s ,\[(]l-r.t,s -<irti dcc:ltPiia'| i in 151i5 pr:rrli'u qi1 1111 1-1'r1'1111'15r;
irt Iic'trrit'. ai \-l I.I-itl.l clpr-r1 i,is'-rl'it:ii e ltglr;r,r:" l)ltlrr-t rttr:ill L'-'ri'
jrrt}'-''t"
lu i. lit'lslll.tls {lf)cl'c irie Jui r lL).rll sir' f ir-' irr-lsc, iz':litt, llt
tttlttil'tlltiil'
illt;l'
irlriL'rlillli
ujr.ir, ctt, itr 1558, t:tltt3-l'c3liiirL
itlrie.
rlclir
ltti
!-rt':r;1ri
li.rrrlicr.rl L'rit rtll l-)r,i(:llrirJi'; rLl t,'litrtrlLri lrrrrtjrrilor; irl'iil1.]-,.r rel'ic r-lc irlui sr:lrifaic ;i rlr;r i !ll sL :.lrllal lrl'ill cul'i''ll
':i.t1i(')r1;rlis1.I1rltli; J-LrLirCf il c.rt'.'i:l:rlltrrst-r ' Li s'ri-'il:rrrir:it-: .!rc 1]r'l:;lirrlsl ,,irJ cii.rui ra'ri,lnllisrn iji.lii:il -lti) ttltl rli'l'-1t.1'lt'li Iui iiir,]'i::iii:, si ;i ilil!cilLrlui''. \ici Lirr Lt nlii rljst lli! il li\.llt iltlililil. li[!i'fj*
.llr:i crrli:c,.r ir:.;.'irtlir-'.:,lscll.l.iin.il(r.rfo elt cCil:L lrti lil'lt;ltitlt;
i-rrin ':'-'irrt:iLlcillll cll '1'\'it1i.tll lilir.r';-lrJLri, tliiirrri'ri irtci:cdrr]i
lrri irr p,-r-;il,riJilatc;r, irll.lLrrrri.. i liitt,:iiiciri-olt|e :l cr'iliririi ti
jtritl ittCitstit, a, TCgl"il-rrr:ii, 1)ij \':llr'Iir.ll"lll;lfi{lrl't:t liir'itl-o, illil'e
i i-rrtlitic ,li Irol,lttltrrlc I jr.'tii L {illt( lIl1.){)l-rill{).
X)r:-tiLt;r i!;r.:ri.t.cull1 5llrltl.!j lillltl,

sii LlaLiLtzi)il:r i

rlll

'rs! r: itri

,t;ri,r;rpit:t,iLt.iicri'.iitx:, t[.\-'"1.'.\l-lll,tJSl:\ll..il-Ut{^-lt}r";"il\
rr. .l.,rst st:t'is i11 .l5i]3. ,,Ntt lLt'.t suris Enchiridictl liirtt.r:Li;"-tlti

,lt:si';.-r-sura slrir..i LrrT :jiit.l c1(rc\.ltilt, ti nrtlilili pi..rrit'u li t;iniii,1rii. ,lt: glcsi:lr"li pt ilci 1)lnLrLi Lrll rf,, iir'.1lolsit-, 1;1t) igil (l ;t]( ii'

trrir-i, tlirr ,illjt't'\'ll'roil 1','1 1'111i:itii l"r-.'," tl'''L:lltt'il lll-llrrlllll; ilrtr' "i
i( ii::1)rrrI rlirr l5{ll r.:;.-Lit,: -[rr]rrr (''.rl|1. It'' i i'l irl'l ;t:r1ftrl :'crt.lltrl

i,'ttil rl, lr. ;rt,it;t, r'oltlr"r'li' li'r irrlr' l"1lll;rli:rilllll r'iitriiltr'

ril,)l rii , r','rlinl,r. ,trrIr'ttii, ri. ( t, llir]l,l i\l'r'illllllll(' lt'litlr:ii'';'l'
5[i]l.i,:lor: Scl-iPlrlli;i c'"!t]ir.t:lrrli'rL p;"|Lirtllti sLrllci' Sttrr'lirrl
sr:l;(:fil.or ;llll.icc si a1o 1ii.r-ilr1i1,rr l.ris,rr-ii:ii t iuc iirirtt lrjitt';I-u 1 dtrcrliri{ iosrii.Ll i, f ll}'s ii i tlirr-crlu;i.c lricirt Lcir' irr 'l;rptr:'
'J-ur.rLr1 lr"ri lir:;tsinr.ts c:ic:rpil11i1l t1t.' ci:l al ttnt,i cLici Irriec"
fir te xi.r.Ll ilc tlriri j'ts sc YccL: r(]5lr'.ltl1 ])( Lllru r.ela'liiit: cr:n{-)r"clc irll!:c ()itlli{-1l}.i, pr,:t1-l,lyl"trlrlit'al{. c1111)lI1"iiji rLlrsrrlgtc ii. a
rrlui :rllruisrn nrrti\r,'piiL-trrts tlc sinr!LL1 r-isputclcrii i',si-l lrrr
Iic tlc folos ticiilr;iltrr"J. Prc!rri1.it irt Iir-rrrastcle, Ir-tcrir.rc:r a
curtusctit Pinii 1il 155(l )asc cdi!ii (in lirnlrrr iatirrr"r) pc ':'-rntincnl si {)l)t lra(lr}ccl'i ttr lirtll.'ir ('rlg,}('211.
llri,

i\l ANLi-\

l,t]l. 0Sll'r\S(ll.Li I
[apitolul XV

-ltir, 1't' t't'i,tl';?ittc t/, tt:t t;i't;litt.

(

li llr

.1i

trr.n

{';r'll.'ri,/.
'tf i! s-{!
trtiscitl
{,r;; l:..: t!.

S:r ;ri trtr.i.r.u l)l(,lLlii. irt rtiirt{t ilt.tltii.i(,tttcic rlqil]},t11iliit'i irlt: lldcvtj,rahrlUi crcstiii: nici llrl ci(:stin sit t1n socotcascir cli
s-ir triisr-trt ntrrrlri l-runl nl sirtc si sir rirr
i'tor.r.lscll s:"r trir.i,rsiir nuriri, i
sirrc,
.i uri.* itrc sirn *rici*r, ar.{i., nccstct siFcrrirti
n1i L nriir,
41r strirfi}il hri, ci sir ]c csr:j,*iilc,rc ca prirnirc cli li,
;.rtotcrea tor:ul I-)r;ninr,zcu
6i sii socc,ttiscir cri toai.
lrrururiir: srrlc sint liunur.i i!i, i-r.rtrrror, ffiagoiLci, ii.5't

iric;r scir

ir

curr.olr ;

iilli:rrrrrrT

.>rri

Sl-r

ttr

)aici.lt llc.ir

irrbr'asci pc c(,i r.l'l..ciincit,s.i irr nurnr,ir,

,{,t l-t'itli,tr lui Flristcis, irc cci. fiu:li dcr &"rcli'tri iiin
::i :f.t. :{rt.*- picinr Lui t{rislos, .,rrr., .t
rrc-a ir rrl r-irg-il- in ir.s:r. rrriisirrlii p" ""i,f,"i-ii
,
,-,rii, friiri,
,4,ll). rtrritci rlrrcjrriLui i,i ltri, incit'sir, r. ii]."ri_

,I
'fttelrl

,ttt.t:,

icc

Ig sirtc pcntr.tt t.i"tscrrtrr1.rii.r.a1"cil

noas-

d.(,r" >ir-r rrri.rt.nscir pc prictcni, fiin.dcii sint bnni, tlin.

sit-i._ti1['{ irS('t-r rl({il ,r,it-iyir
1rL: rllSt:1rpi, 1rcnilt lr_i flrCr_,
i'rt {1t .

/r's1,, \ :. Si rrrr rlrrsrrrinr.lrsr:i rrici rut (,nr itsir

(''lli ltrr rlrt.t.rl r.r-r,rlirrcias
,
'i:t! (,itttil. rrr'y{t: Ir,lrr:r'rrl. \'iciiku: .rru isi r'l.,,.rr.,,.,_
insir'sir lb fic
r.r.;iirruis. f i cLr c.:it rirul r:stc mlri aclitrc.
.rr:rIti lrr:riIrIIIIIr',It;rtr'Stt.t.rtt.irtAtltClttItttiOtttlriltia,ri
l;l'ii;i. liris{i 1,j111yf i1trri rlt: adultcr.c,xi..ti, trrofl,lr,,tc,"iii.
t:arist;i u(.(''l'(:(lillci.osrrl. SiL tlcrtes[c r-iciui,,l.,
i,.,r,ii" i,i
5i..1r

';,,;'6i.i l1:

Il

';"i:,
,8

<N

rur: I )t s. lilusnri {it,lc:t.otltrnri, Iincliiriii.itLt

nttlili:
rr'iti, lltl;r,,, 1742. in rriri1isn6.51t. tIt: L\lrtritr {itritt"

,lisl)r', 1rtilt,.ttit irt t.iill-ltlll'tllt, llu l)() orn' SI ttr-:idii' Ltt'r:t'c,ili,'f,,, lrtr lt('r,,'rr. :',u-;i. tlr'lL sll'itrl:ltti:r :ti I'i;rl'i llr { !'"li}t'
. i,,",ri f,,'l',',',', iilf ir;i-l:t l)lttrirt:'.'l;t,t'sa Jit' *'ih:'t
,,i'.r,ii-1rl' ,:;it'tt l-"r rtr,,r.i l),,,,rittz,t tt' S;i tlol-i'lls{rii r'ijrl tot
r;rrll.lirl ;iurlt: i6titrtt;', si sc yttu.ui-'lii'It.tltl 'riili.'lr'lr'tt-,
-,ii i': i,t,,,-r, l-ritt." 5l-r rtrl 1,";t,;rst:L 1tu ci'i'trllllls('(llltl(i;i rri':i
,.,-, ,iti ii,, ,1c I,:.1's tii:ilo.sil'lr. Sr'L s1'r l'lllctlrc Lltl il]ul1'ltr]rr
Dtirr.til Ll.li.ll1,01: c;t r.itt Jtl.(lllriir ti[t]ii.turjt:i-l . Sil s'ttitli-tr
ttu
sill'u'l-t-'
sl-r
<lllr
ir',
;rltl
:i't
u(rl-lol-d{jir.'i.l(:r ttti.ttt:,lr ,tillc
'lt'
)J'ilr.
Ilctr0r0r:it'c.
l)ri)l
ji,';it,,I ],1

.i.

l)*t rr ltminlt'l'i , ;lCt:asi it

r sL.tr t

:i.1rusl-o!r.rltri

tJLr'

liiltt

lrtlntttr'';t'

ct'i ''1' .1'5Ji;i.{' '::i!

lr)ili:;r"rrt titf
stli)i.-}lrl.
-':,i
i)r
s0
biril{,r;i..
!.: itticy;,i tu.t:ti
:a.i
t ir,t st::i.titt. tlccil iit'o1il:itil ril ' SiL fitr tttrLi' liltt ii'ttltrii:
rltr llitri-'],,r i'ri)i:ililllrll;i sitrt r-lr:eiL tlc 1lt'r.r1irii.li i-riitt'

; sri /li;l.r;i

l' \ li l i['])i l l''l' S'\ l j (l l ;sive

v1\'[ \ttl'; sl.'R]i 1..,.\t.]ll,l" l-'ll(ls'f ll'-t (\l';pia: ]:'-;r':1r'i'rv i,rD'};
declaura{io in laudertr siulfitiae) iil ;1r'i:ci:s-t|, ;i'i;rrr;l,ir,l
lif

ir.sj rl.lts sr: r:j.sr;st: t i t.l rr

l:

1,( )( ; l

11.1111l.i1rr,iiir,?llir;rli1 lat-itrii,dirlrliii:i11ir. tLl:rl

'J,'iL,lrrrr.; ;i[i,'i'ris.
';iir.l,t: irr,-'l,irl.:.r.li. ltri
']firl'ii

I'i,ti'',''lllrjor-'r.i!l '.rtl:

ii: 111i1i1r:i1

rli iltOflAs

lliukorrri0rrl laii:ti:;ii..i,c1:irIirrtitiii]ril lltlllr:r;ti-'i:ii.lc:crsl"i,1l:'r'{.rr

l('i11:rrj)l nlogittl
:r. 1;i.llultii rjc"'rni.;;i: littcotttiunt tttlria* ' fiL'lr-qillris

iil

1:jittir i.:i:

i'iilli;:;1.1

i.lt:s."rl

.\lili, 1r1,'r,irt.1 .l.iir li:tii,l.

.l
'l0i]lllrici
:li)l:r) \r'i]1lirr, il s':r-i ' in I.)l irili'\'irl';r irri l5lil.) ilt t;llli' lrri' iit'
r'tliiit:
irr,t.t Ji,,rl,r; .rl , ii,r'tti 'l;rr;j)"1r' trr;1rr ';i llrrl'li' il 1'r'irrr;l
iriil-;'r11;'{i:
l1
;r1r'
{rr:rlrrl
r
,lirr
lil
1l;r "
lrrr,r'i; iu l5ll;,:,ii1i,r
,l,,tlrii r:r.r,.lil j,rllt)t{r Irri Jl'rllr'rjrr.
iltr]-.ri-i.i:liiir, iu lo,qi.,*j 1:11 i.r,i11i'i-ii iLr btlfittt I)" t Li!, I't'.lrtr;'
l;.1'

{ilt,:trntlisrllirsi.l\l'ii{1!lll1i.!)t1i'lsirrcsir'it'illrisi;i;rii'iLt:c{;1'')girrl
,,,i:,lLl.init ci ,li i :ii.: rl;1'lr)l'i"iji-ti titilt'iiltl ilt;iill'l' :' l irtrliii"\;ii':l
ril ;r'
tt:i.ltJ.icii. cii, llcrli':hrlr'l:i;lr 'rPlr'ei olt'tt:ltt'.;Li: l{-'filci:.1' ';-i
p'11 r:o1iii vlt lilil'!
gt'cni..lr
i1
ilt.t.
crr:sr:ni;
a
r.l.ii,j.lt,L iit. cliirir-tr.i;i

lltl;rtc li l,liii clirr Di''.];i-ir--; 1l.li. rli.rr 1]]-l]Ji'j'i] i.ii itl.l;i:;trl i:ir:itrrii"':-'
ti:h: J.i.r.rl sir-ri:, iir:i sr'l islolr:s'-r il'':riilot:ii ;i '-r'lisiii' l)lrl';i
:-itt'i:
lrriip:il'r'!i
llriiilii:*
tpis'':'ri.rii
si
t;,tjtl, clrlttt.ii slrr:-{l.l.i'tii,'i.
ir'illrci-rt
:t,lc ltro:;i-iili. l)cr:i, i-lLl rJ; o p;lri'tr cll'"ittlrilc crlliitJlill-("
jir:atirlilltlrrn {lr}i}:i.'l'!:(r(1 ciiilir:ltzic litill'rgiil;r, r:e ltt:ttll'it:t1 si.1:;{.!

t{]il Pr'r'isll,ilitul.r-.lr tLrtLrr.r.rr.. L..ii fi irrslirLt:ini d. (.r,ns(,i.*

viir-i. (irlt, lt, rli,:tt,lzii olinlrrnilor.sir sr,ti.lttr:, iur
iir, rlt,:.tll_i,.
trr;iii.r.sitrr;riiilt' ini:clritrrlrilr., r-Lt,rrt.r.;r[1: {q, rr li.rlirri, Slirilrli.
Irii]lJrii sillt, l()iltr., razultilt(, alli, l)l"i)si.ici.

l)r,,;tii sirrt llr t.lrt'pt r,otliittd c,:i trrai crrnrirrti>"

i\l;ri inlii so itic ci toatc lttcrttrjlc or.rtetrtsli. iiu (loi.]i
trr.trr', ti;l SiltrriihLi "\lcibiiitlc:t, ttsr-t cit ccca cc llr 1-rrim.t
r, 1.11r'rt' ;r j)irl'c rllr 1iiil,1 t]]oar {"ca,daci:i
llr i.r"cstL i}liti itr.linc
r|);ll'c cit liinc] r:iatl, plccull'l ! dirnpotriVit, ccrll cc i;iiri:t
rr fi virrlir,
esic rnoari(l; fmmilsttl 1)irTc urit, lrtigiLtit *'lucic,
inflrnria *- glori.c, ;tiinla * - rttitiitltii,
;iuirr::jc
.
-lilrir'i.irrrr-,
i.qir11'1':t
ltol.rlr ir lt - - trtt-ljit;,. , \'r':('liil i
,

Iti_O(;lL I_

\tft;1,\ ilrir

(lir':r3riti.rr1,

r rlr 1i{ sl)1.(' rt.i.i si t:t,1. rLrrrir ft,irrr-i tlrr srrirrit.,

. '-(
;i1ii-,. . l:rist:r,.:rsii.(Llr-, r'irrrrlr. fi:l.r-i r,lcr trt,irrruii: Lltr;;
},,
rirr'{r ij tr-iniit rlilr furrr:ltrl inft'rnulrri lrLrr:iiltr cr,k: riizirirl;it{r,.r.r'r'..t iti,l ( ir..l)r,r't)(.\(. s.r.1rii l1y1.
lr iit:rrli;.
it, tttnltlr.t,;1111,.1111o1- f111.i;1 (.{.:t itCi{i-l l\r.ltl.'
ii tr 1tr1,i1.11,1.111,.
":r'rr lr ttt'siltiorrsi r.lt' ;rrrr sirLl,\-r'r'o cli;rgr,s16r
,tr,

1i;irtit.l"t r,tl lrti.t rr irlrricitl s,rrr incciii orr.rLr;irrc,asirsi

l)11lgat.tl"(ri{
.r' l*r' s J:irr t t' sir il'l'{'() li ltii lrac.sti' rlt {i l rr.l .lci,sta,l)i-rnt.i.{t
;r i r,'i. ;r1roi 1.11g,,1c'1r irrs|iitrritrtliir.lrlt, (,r_,li,t.i.inoi.:rt i sir
sirrriri lrolrlrr I llrrrlsr.ir.ii.
ilil ll;ri , rrrr l',.1 rlt, t)r l)lntir r.rr ititril r-lr,tisi,liili tir.,

t,rr rlirrlii; r';r lrrilrr ;lr,rlc l:r ltrirrr,si trili lrr.tt.r,litri s-r,
{trrttrrst'ir t li liitrrl r.r. l rl;ri rlr. s,,rrrrrir l,rrir. l,_lr lr1,lri.r,(ir.i
ri-i Litt'orir.rlrlticLrli riticirt rr ruirrtiist.rrlr:stt.
1r1 trri1li,r;l
rlL, ricr.'li: g'iji nclinisiitoirlc si i1 crrfrrntili in
tcrl sr.,ir_i.d
r[r 111ir"r,ri. i] trstl'tl rl,-: r-irt;'ic.ilr. l nrinlii li_0 (lc,rril(.,
t ir','lr.r, irrtr-. scfis{)iri'' rit'r. -\tii,,,., r.,L 1rn
rrirr.
'r.L(, t.r
Itr zr'ilt,r si irrrrrntr't'ir si 1ro111ir rrit:r irrrzrlr r.iit i,lr,r.r,,lt
il t i,1,i,'r1 ;111.
(, ll tr.ll rrri sirrl
{l r'rizLrl('(:l ,('r).a('s!
(ir a,lt;ltii, ttrt lrcel;Lli
I,,::i.: 1,u.',",,,,;rt.ilrilc.
1

I )itr:

tt,,itt ltt.ti',

ft :,rirtr,lr
ri

(i

l,rlr.. r i 1,1,,.1-1,., ,1,,r .)i f1ia, l,ltpi.J{rt

i- r),rirrr t.str i,r.trrritir trtr rrrLr-rLiitirtt.;r
-fii.tslictlivi,
litpt -qC: lii,zltra .ifllr in tkitrii
Nc'i,trrti;r (,s1.l Li1r.;rrlr,raiittti_i,;r ilsiisl.

lr'i,st.cic, llorocul .- llrl.iol'o(-, i'llit ir'liirr *- r"r;"tjnrirsi,"',

-- r)ipl,il i,., cll ltll cu\ iilt lc r-i:i gii:i 1ir:
i, rri i t-. intolLri(: 1i(r il()s i: ir ril r.t'i rit'sr.:hirlt S iltrrtr ].

llrir'rtr.rircll

{ci,rruirt, :rirrt;1i (11i3'rll,l ;r :r1,'gir lriil-:r(ltr"iil; li :l1rl:tlj ilt

itltlLlit ittit-,.rlt:tt,lit, i;lrlr,j;LJ;t, tlrrlitti--tt:;r,
r':;iu:rdi:sritlrti(';;rllllll'.L}rt.':tlt
-l-cl;rlilir';itttt1,
'rrnlti{uitli+lt,
.;ri,i.tt1.i"i, tt'trit:.ri liil"itt.
ilr:irt,.lc glrlsrllt si igttr,titLrtllt. li(-'r;lls'l.Lri'e.ir.rr1 ;uli1:.}ing,:orttitl
i,"il f iirli;"1 r:rirrll.riil,iliL: ,.r:c,::r (l(ia irr
,:;i.tlt-rr'I;i.Lr fiirs,: ttrr |o:rir: li lli'lrotrr,.'ii"" \t:|:lttrl i,'si.ll a{ri-rLlijrtst;ttittt.j , tttrirli i,:,'.
'r.itL intt,rnl"t -i :i., ii i,1;rt'r::t ;iltsttrilt;irli
l,r, ril r:crtil:rrr'iitrii

-,:. f ni,ii i,il'iti'l t' lil:,;i/ir ic .l"tiltg si ttf rtc,l{rttrt: Js f'ti;-.

giri,,i:. llar palcit itu(1 l)ir filozolr lit''.ltr:slitlLi: ',cllrui'o
r,'or zicc ci. ,,I-hr' r' o tlirtlt)l"ocili: si f r i cirllrins rlc lllosi i,'.
iir- 3rc*r-'rii, sit tc irr.t:Ji, sit orb,'ciiicrli ill rtlsl jilrli !"
l)irrtpoiliv.t (zic lir): ;rrt:r itl+r rrltltti ';r lii ,'rrr' :i

.'llt)i l)ll r :r,l,li ", ii :,,',,l ir i tlt lltrt',,, ili,,l, t 1r ltt, t'r' \ ui
insivir t''lrii tti-tttl rt'lt,1rs;l:rli frr:.1 r'l(!(llti ci ('li(l;il,
.;i;rs{;l t, s,r,u [,r ,,1,i rrititit lr trrtrrr-,rt j ('t'r'lt t't't"ilt clrtllttI
iir,r Iirt'rc lu-t |otrt(' f i ncnorulit. lri':.ri-i llrillllli ('Iiltri'i'
qitrct,:t socoiitc vrcdtric tlc plirrs iltl tlll olll llolltru ci"l
r.ru porrtc zbitt;r crt 1:tisririlc, 1i nir'.i lllcrS-* il: pltrtr
L'ri;u crL I itt'1,', s;ru ci tltl c itlaJ'Irl:)i cl.t coilrn.c ca 1'lr.tl i.i,
(lu tot
{;rrlrtiltc rtr ])iltc'a jirli pc Ltll crll tlc cl:a mili
'i:r,rn'it "1i11
lrsir, cil, 11.-lr irrli!at il-r'alliitliL:ir sau ci llLl. s(]
Xuiurc;te (tLl llilclirvillc ori sii plirl,qi l)c lr11 trlir pitliru cr"r
mlr o 1I111 l)clilril irlL cr:ct'i sportiVc' '\;ar1lr, l)rcctllll uJl
-- ,
irr*,,.1r, 1r,,,1,,, () cstiLj c1,ii\.('1 pit:1:ri: pc caprrc clril:rrl
ilrrrc;rlit lt1 irri Siltrn, iltr itr[ittrttl'tt lttt. tltiir elt'ze'rr in t.).
ln

itlrrri

:*iit in {i.r't,l otuuhri.

.l'a'ti1

ftt

[']r-;Lsilttts itttPit::t rcrr ett viitl.rr t)r'i:sttl.'utlr: irr]il-ri-:ltli,e

r'tt si'ic s i ex. il;1,111i1; {i chuic lt. irrl:r]cfc:iunii. (.ti.rsci'i ii rrr in

ii'xiu.l l:c nnrl{razir pilrtrlr[crcir. nrrrr:ii]istului, rrrril.,iiiuil:ut:r.;i
si irriniir rrl-llui r.lt(: ctrloitslo r:ourplt:-ii{.lrlcll li.t'Jii: .lirasnrrts
r;1 itr t:li :l(:( iii)l:ur':r lrli,jrlir'i Iiiir(r' r':rtt' () ili:(. csij{it ic r.irltl:i ;
rlrl r.i r';r tlit.tnl.L :lrl.;rttlJ;'i ,,r { \;t nlrli rrlultisoiLfii :itil'ir"r, tle:

sitlt' 1t,,,1,, rtttrli ,,'t itt,l,;ir'!i{. r rr t'r'{,1,)ltil rlittrtlilt".

.- iYtt lt,trrlt: itt,lii fi tliti.i.t:t:l {.:{!.i'L: st'i!j'itrelt ir'.r .siiir'....
!1rrltr,'ii-n: i, rogrr-\.i, lro3lo ir.rbi ]lt' ali.u I acr:llL r:irrr
sr: rtt'ii1i-r:11c siti.c:l ['6it tC sit sc illicleiigii {:11 trlicijlc'it ,
ri:1 ciuc 1111 sc irn|111i1 r.:it sinc? \rit facc oare 1:fco lrli"rcc:lr:
(:nivll ilc(.: lit cc c rrrsuz.!]i asl)rin crl sirlc insrt;ii Altoi
cre(1 oir lir acii"!stli. intrchrLrc ]ltt \f{1. r'iisiiurrrlc cu (la
lk,r:it rtrrrii tlai l)r'()s{. chiat: di'cit iuil"rsi l,}rostilr , (lirr:i
tL,tr:li rr.iir lilttrrili llci oIiil(', 11lt tltltllir i ciL itici tlti oltl
.{'ril \'il rilrri 1-iutr:a sllfr'r-i 1ic ulirrl, t]al'chiar'{ic{-:[111:
ii'i. r'li lrlir't'ri ltti insttsi (l(:;1!:'rslarl{'i', ilr lilt: sirlt: tttrrr-r.lui'er,
;i .ficcur-c rrrit .lrri irrsrrsi.l'ilt,lr.. 'in rrrrrlIr' lrlivirrtr', mlri.
inult iriiltc:rir (lrcit lrranlir ltrrniL, a sirrlit irt otiln)ni
-.- ma i cri scumii in cci rnri doitelrt-i , " irc)rtlirl.ir iicc:ilstir
i'r;r , rk'il [i rlrnultumi!i cn sinc:5i rlc;r adnrira tnsu.
.sirilr irf l;rtt, lu irltii. l)rrr lLcr,lLstir {,r('(,cil loirtL. rlunti:ik:,
l';n1lr.r'r lr'5i g'l;l,,.f ilt r"ir lii sii si..Lrict.li:iL 1,il1fi1 (...;.
'lrr slir;it, r:rrllr lr. \,i
ll('tli\ i rrt'(.lt i I'rrtrr. trrrjiritt.
.lrt<'r'rrrlt't:;"1.1r1'{r,rrit nu nitnririitrlrr'1ir . ci 1i f ir rtrr,r'lr lii-iii t irrl;r tlr lirrtlir'trl;tt'i srrtt t,lrstltt:,t;i, rllrr'i"L lrlr iJ..i
slti irrir';rirrlr'l'" lll,ir,,lr rlt' si.trr (trgrlisltlrllj c1r(., f'(l
<h, l,t trrr-itrt, irrri iitir. ltx: rkr scirir Inrnti. irtit. rlrr i'iricr
'iolrcli rolrrl it.icrr I
$i cc ploslio lj()irtLl Ii a;u. rle nrarc cra ltcccti rlc ;r-fi
p irceir tir: in.suti si tlc ir tc ac'ltnirai Si ilrrirsi, tllrc:i
{:ilitrva i;i tlisplrrcc sicsi, ce ltrct:tt frlunos, ph-lcrit sirrl
cltliincios poatc s."ryirli? Scor-tc accst drcis (egoisrlul)
clin l'ilrti, si clctirlliir, orattrr'il1 r.ir int'.rcmL,lii in mij-

ll

liI tui'ittLirrii slrlt'. l]illzitirttltll, clt rtristrt'ilt' ltri.

\'ir 1,1;'tt'r:rL nimaiuui, ilctorul vlL fi firrielat l)t'11tlt{
ir'r uI siLtr, ]roe[rt]. r'a fl ltrat irr ris ctl llltlzclc ltri ui
{r,l , l',ictr'rnl sr va imprrlmoli i:r lilta lui, ial ntc'cliciii
\';{ llit'(llr c'ler foame cu toate 1t:itcurilc strlc, ltl lt'c clt,
Nili rri vci p;*u-ca un lfcrsit2; in loc cle .Pliron3 tttr
Nl^:.t('11, ilt loc de tr'Iinelva. tlll dobitoc, ?n lat: <1c
*'loc\'['nl ilt1 tiLciturn il in loc t1c ttu om lioliticos rilt
l,,r

ca.I rirr. il irr:fclicit 1rcntr{r r.'ir e nr:slirrior dc gnrnrriit'it,

irli ichlcrrr otritrl prost rt{l {-) ltr:[cr:icil, pcn.tr'l{ r-i plosti;r

Iatii clcci cit'e dc ailcvirlrt ciL 1.rili:uic {iecal'r,

incr'lr,ni il sc n:tirgnli singur m["[cirr pt'in"tr-o cit cle
niir:ii, t1u:rli itt: lrlii:trtzi,, tlacir vfcit sii, {ic lpcii lirur[lr t
.i ll' ;r[tri[A1't,i, iirlltLcit 1.,itl'tiil ctil lliili lrii1.(::l i'r-'ricili'i
{'r,triiii iir a r-c,i sir Iii clr'lr ct r>li {itttt-iith"r-liri, trrlrtii
frc;rLra i'r-qi& o si-rlir;c:;tc irr tlc,i iirnlii Ii tlli niiscitl-'i
irci,[lsli'r s{}f i"r al ]reli}, lulrircl tle sinc, (:trrc fi{cc cil niltlclli
:.;f. nn si,, 1-rlingir rlt clriptrl, cle mirttclt, t'!i: n*aruril,
Elr,, locu[. clc rrc;tclca slll rlc pati:ia lui, iifil .cii. nici
irlunclr,zu] 'nu \7rca sil scirittibc cu italiortlll, nici tt-ac:u
lri-,rliiruLir"

:.r'r.

r,:ir ;rtt,ni:,rirr-rJ, nici scitul ctr irlsttlclc Fcrici!ilcir, IUi'

i.11.i1.*r. ti-t 1l,Lttrr'clcrc ;r nlrli.trii cille , inlr-(t ft'lttlittlc a*'r

ilor. a ;tirr t sii lc nir"clczc Trc toillo I

[irttk, rr inrpiirtit c1t ucotlol]tie: tlantl"ilr,r [:i, tcolcr crr
at.'iiriri:ltrlle sii.._arlaugc. ccl'a lrai.nltth;son.ri. itrltilr, t'lt,
sine,, rniicirr cii qi aici rm lor-Lrit ca o Prrlastil .. ciitri
ir[:N';rsii'r irrl-rire tli sinc c ditrtti cc] nlai lllrtt'c. (h'i.ctrttr,
;1s 1r11d,';1 sItll]'.'cii
1111 c 11.ici o f;ri'rtl"L iltlri <lt's('lrlllii
'rl
r, fi i.rrslrit';rl r// .i rLir i {, ;rl'l;l :r t;i|r i izi"li' (;'ft s;r
r't,r.{iitilrl,. sit Ittr li. l'r,sl r'rr.

cir' r';iriittir a trucrttT

.{,:r uditliost.tll t'cl,ii'Ur.trlttj, -lrr':tsrrttts ilrtl|lizilt'slt' sir

tltsplt'irilcvailaLril r'irrr , firr:int1 1rt'ocesttl socit'trifil

\;i,iiiri;ist:iL

r'atiltrlnriof itnc:0'trscuranlisrn si r.ctialitatc; tcc'1ogi

'

, q:'.'l .r:ii {r:nmc;s tlirr,tlc

i'r:'irrtr tli,inn {.n.t.).

sc:c,la.1.i.

lrtt ltt:il 1'rrtrtr: 1;i rirz: ( r.l mri irc,cit rlintrc grecii vcnifi 1r 'jiroia (n.t.).
ti.[iitirin llirtra,g
clin,tr-t:sbiis, c;--rl'uia zcifa .A.irciilii.a"
qcar"it 1rlata cur"t:
1'eilt.rn r,l*r u trccltt-o o dalir' malca {irr5 sii-i
j.ii.,. i.:, drrluir lirrt.rt'l,c4 (n.t.).
a Ce l m;ri lrirNI'irr iliritlc gtcr'ii rr l'ia'! i srrl-r zidurilt' 'Ii'c'ii
ftt i )"

glccii

r-:t

.-]

1i rlrigirrtrl i, i: r'alri,j.'ir:i 1,,',t;llisii ri utsi.rirluti; liill)i r]{i}(.,ri'_

;ii: {'1)1r1.1-;r(li( tit' r}rii''.'1.'..rrl"r iirtrc iirvafiLiurlr cr*siinij li iril,,irii si eun.lLtil.a ucit-sirrsiilr_rr; crrrli:ni iritrriziti; irriuciIi
',.'r-li.jlr:r;i lriiir.ti'r..r-ci:]r)r-,_rh)irt:t.i. Nu r:stc ric rnirlrr.c ,..i. in
1,5 Jf S,tr-ltrrrrlt r{lnr1iUlillit i}.rr:ii;ili -{1t rjCl.(t"
irr sr'till lrri l.jrasltus su sir;iLc inilnctia lui'1.'t,rrntirrs
si l,ui:iln lrrir'tll i,.rrt;tl si itr rlrdic:riirtJ" J.rcrliit, cs1.c p()lL,j rl,ti
iirri, nIq17i11. l).ri lsrnrrjai ; d.c ;rii:1 1:'1, cit, inj;r.,o opcri, s,.ris:i
,it: ri t.r'Lrriit l)a'ltirrr cnrtliri, jir'nri:risccni_cll: uilol,rtic,-: si
Irl.t,r'l''r', n',1(tt'()its(r in llrnrllriiri lsl.t,r:nut lri: lririit: ili.rii. ,.;i.
;tlt1"r'lrl s.ri si li iliul.tl rll r rr.,r r..u 1r, r;; lt rt(rl ii,-r, t'i111 r,rl1:rc
it r1, 1,1,,,li,'i,irr.;t r I';t irrltl,r;i;t l1i,
Lr

- -l)rr;tit' lL,;tr'!,i. '. l),,;rtr, iu' j'i tltiri l,;itrc .iL i-r.r.c,,rr'll
i' l)ii iriol{)gi. si ..bi nu tLr lbrrr nt Ir.iii irlir riin llrr ruri-

tlie t'i

rirrrr"r. nii:i sf, iirr nri ating rlt' rurarastii i:[ruirLIIi-i r.rlr.r
rilir(ilit0lrroJ, ci"Lci srtj.rrlitccsl.il df or.liltlt.i ri foat-lc t.r-r'til:i
si. irrtc l. rrrirri..; ar lllitnlr sii, il()j.t.Ltirsci Jir ;rLlic irrrli,rllir ri
ln('it (,'rr ni'trrril'li--Lrirt;i.:Jc lor- coilC.ltrzirrrti si
",ti titil iilt.:tsr.ii
si. r"r'ti^llc1-r'2, i.lrr. irr.cir2ltl crl t)-irs \l.i.,t sli fac
aci:..ri Jucr.rr,
si"rriii"rirl.crr'llr]lt(.r'i'a'iir.'i.(ar.'i L_-llirt(,sifulg-*:r j11,ri14j111i]1;;

Irr'rrlir'i;tr,nir i lir lrt irrirrri. I)i,si t.liirtt;c toti i;llnrt,rrii

:irrl ltt','irr t lu-,' s,' irrt';-r 1iitirrr'rr';lli. in. l tttt f(,ilutrir\1,:
il:irrt,l;ii't'r'il,' rrrt,lr,, toirrsi itli. sini. rl;rirlr.i in rtuiit,,
Jlrivit)tc. j,',i irtri (iii1()t'('ir,/.,i. ir(.( ir .rl)l(,1(lirlij irrJti.r,t qlt,
tirr'-r ilil'1.-i facc -(ir ct'fli (lal. r,'li locrricic irL lll trtik.ir crl.,
,Iitr irr;rllrrJ ciinr ia l)ljvesr: ]ir ct'ilrlti ntrtrit(lri (_'r]. Jr].
t i.

riisl(..(lohil(.xrcrr iir:it,);rfr., ])( t.:rr-t t,i. tnlLi cir JC dt,.;rlirt-t.

\pr:i jitriti, r:lr ilr-:1u'r zi(1, (i{: (-l l'}tit(.t.ni.ciL tr:u1rii iii: ,1,,1t'itritii. nt:iiiistnrlr', rlr: (.()lciuzii, tlt' crirolltt-ii , rlr' 1n-,,lr,rzil ii r'rlrlii i1t' ri irrrlli, iir', ;rrr l;r irrllrtrilri :rt ii,'1.

llrqii r';i rlu jr{)t Ii 1,r ilrsi lrir.i. ,.1 IrJirslJt.r }ili
Irrl, lur:r, ;rlil rll lnrrli ,,lrrrrr,lrr. ilt l.( t.ttt(.it.i , nii,scr.rciri

srrlrlr'l

, 1.,r, nit,,r'ii ,,[t:rr]ili ( ;rnlrllinl lLr.r Yoit S:.'t sc.cr] lt]lll$i i]ll.i,
!i;r' (rl',1((,Jlll i ;r slli.t rrit_;:'1" llr.r l;tcir:,tt:r.'si. liti,:ru. l,_r [,1il] :rs(r]li.:r{. :tu .j!:citl ititltar si,. jzbur'njrrtj .rtu r'a1,rb(,}i L:u \.iati1lii, itr-:(,{'i,, ,rrr rr;r,,ilit r,ltj;l llrirt rr.;t.:Li.rrI l;'sq.rr1 pr.jrt:,.C.jr1.,.:r l';"rjtii.rr.t.,.
; ( l, -\r'i;ioi;n't,'1.i.;icltrrlr, i'.6li (rr.t.).
J t Lt ;;jrrt,lrLtl ir(', si,)r'lli;rs,'. \ lll(.1il, r,.irl l;r;ir.il,,r, :,
irt llrrilllttt rlq lil { 1i,r :ir)liil sa Cu zt'ul }lar|c 1ll,-rtrt.r-,l,:.irrs
i.,}i/jsarr., \'lli (n.t.).

r,i, r-i i' r.r^ iiIlt' rtri.tLt'rrl';rii.: I ll:)r. litr$l-L t.cL,trstlr i,ri
rl,lii;r slirrtr.lr. lrrinr rLrlri lrrr:riri ii,r" iiliLc; ri sIirr
( ilnr ir i,rsL ziriitli si..rirrttttiti irirrrt,tL;1);.itf
rlr.<:rrrtlLlt.
,1,.

t
{l

1rirr,.g;ililr'lr ;,ir-'alrr.Liii {rrigiilLr- s-:L r"irsjrinijir LL totI

rrrrrr;r;ii (irri -\r1;rrtr)l in cr: clri1,, irL cr, i-niisuriL si irr
, it tirril, rr l.sI Ilri-lo-s rl"r.rnislit irr
]rinti:t_'r-.k, J:eciollr:t,i.
irr r'r' clrif in ..iintlr (:llrnin('cilrrr-ii rlirirrrrit,:rr ir{rcidrlnl, l,'[l'Ln-r il]ilir)ri('r, l)rLr:rrc:slr..ir silL lrrr-crlrlrrnttr riisrrlllrtt:,
I.rti, itrsu., illi.i'lr) nlri vr-triIici, ri, lr,,ci]i;r.ii rnuri si
rlrrrttitrrrti, (''*t 11, zi. .i, si Irr ii-ir,,'lr i-.:ir.r.i r,i ,,^r.ia,,,i,
s( tTi.zr:sr: ,,l.,sti: ull lll(rn.)i,lt.l i.rt urslcrllr dir.inil
Sirrt lrrLi nrrrlti.' filirrtirrrri irr.l sLr.s l'lrisll,s? lr {i
l)rrlirt I:).rlrrl.z.i! sr'r ilr clrip'l Lrnt.i ft rnt,i, 1l1r1ri rliln.ol.
rrrrtti nirg;Lt, ululi ilolitlLt::iirLl irl tin,r,i iri.t.trt,: I)rri.
rrltttLt'i-.ctrrl irl fi lltttrLl trn ,Lr,r it'rLc si 1,ro1rr,r iirrrri.asc.i,
-li t.rt'iL triitLtttti. .;L li, .r'.t-tigrriL:
'Lril. Si >r. I,r,:rir, :lrull(.
irI
at(trr1 tll()t.ri:rtt .lIr isltrs
rin ont., {)irr-r ilrrlrii
'.'i
'irt.t'it'rt-:
'r1rl i

\'(tlr irlea r.lrr:|1111 siL irlnt si si

rtrirtcilnr':,'

-rlr pc acuni isi. ilirL nrisrrr-i rl,.l lrn,r.r,t1t,rtr

irrr1i01 r"i.r'li ft,liittf i
;i. si,tri ll,
['ri mlLi arr llL 'irLrlerninir rr,nrrmiLrlLl. rLirr.; str1rtiiititi.
itll ittltii- trll.i rirlirfll'Lr.tltC.i{ :rr.r.-lr.i!, il.)ul,r.lr rlr.,tiLrniltjr.,
r i,llrti,nik,.i", fcrinr..l i iil i lt,i, rlrrir ltli til i lor, rccritirt ii,',t, 1,,' .^.rr'(' illit), li trrr ir' 1,,,,t]t. r'r cl,ir (.il o( irii. ,1,.,1i1
{\i

t:it

{-t'itt'tu:r, <LLciL li t l c ilt slllr:c si zilt('irs('i-l irr <'i,l rrr;ri

lrilint'irrtrrrLr.ric (.(.(,rr ('rl n.lr s() irtli rr,it'iir.r-i. \l:ri :r11:rrrgir
llL ;rt'rstr.ir si r.r<'r'ir. lrrrxi.rrrr' t.irrrl:rtt rri,. i,,r, l,t. lirr.qi
t'ltt-r' l'rrirnolr:rr lt'.li;rr;r,l,,11 ,,lr.slr,ir'ilr,t 1,,,r lirtt.Srlc,sr,l:rnr' llrrrrrIilrili. lrrt;i r it,,\;r ln()slr.r,; 1, 1, r..riirriL ntai
nritt sii .,,,q,,,,r,ii. r, ruit' (lr. orrinrn.i, <i,,r iL si cir.liusti
,rr ilrr iii, ittr--ri r'ltnnirricr.i, {,) ciLlbotal a. rr'rri siirlic
:
si;rll:,: i nl.ri l,,irr, .i l;r1i .i i,i;11-i l.r,:Lli srrfl;;;,;
t ,\i,

i .rrlirrtrrl

lrr:citlcrrl irri., t.lr

irr

1(:t'.rttirr,ir,lili lt.islt,-

tcl ieir, ,tirr rrrrrlr, c. i'rr!r'Lrrririlri.. sr)irsril {lr i*srrri.cl irrtrt.Lirrr'.r (': l)(!aiL, si sllrzil;t.c r, i;r-n..ir-t.. un airiirut,i fitrir srrLrierr:

trrl. srtlrslt';rt.rrl s;iu rllrtcrilr t[c r-1,r." t, lcgat? in.t,i"

t'i'clrrrcrri sco]a,ltirri. .Ui,i,!r!i/n.tt: hr:ccli' cc r:lrs1ruirr1c,
1,,
iilf r, i,iu{ il , rr. (.,st(.'.' (,ltr.;ti .,iii, iirillirrrl rl..ci c*crrl'1,.-tricri,'/'r1, . :rir.r':r r r. rli:t ir'lri rrrr rrrrlir rri r1t. t,r.iclrt.c, aitirl 1rr.{.;tt
,. ,,," rlirrl|r. irt.:{(,:.:lnli.
nsctrtitii frr.t.l.

1 11:11,-,.1i1 1,1.1111.11

r..ilIt.tl;,

l,i,

t4
Iir

olrl(-'llCi[Scii {-'t1 CIi.(]], (:u ]]ur('rr1, r-l(rCii

:l!ill

iJ

ttirriri r:it dc nii,ri.

- . Ncro.iu,
;l bt,ati.tuitirtt:a cliltryit ilor--:, . rl n]:r j-rl
ilar:lr.r rlirrlr:c.i drru o illscnlniitlrtc li.slL r,lc nrar,.: r.rlrq-:]l_r{l"rtiiior lor: si rlirtir ilor l,,,r. rrrai r,rir,,,rrt,,, inclt s,ri:,ri
{)il uit slilgtn' c:()1' ltll c r; r.iisphtit, inel:stu]itol.rr:
]li:utl:U
lu(rt:i.tch] l'r a.slr clc,rtrri; r-ri lrrr stt. giirdr:sc cli. ll;i_"1,;;,
uctinind sr-r1111i-l' dc rrir:i i,l,t,i Jirr ,r;;r,, jricr:rrr-j, ii v,r,
in{.r'r'lllr. rlur:r-r. arr l.(tsir(ict.l.t invi.lirtrrt.rr lrri. ft.:ll.r_- _;ii.
itt1,r'-tr' sirril*r: r'rrr.irrl): ,lr.rrg,rst.ir. (l.rr jrr,li:,_:r.tu. ,ji:
.r;roi) rrrrrrl i;i r;r ;rr.iit:r lrrrl.,lilr,rrrul rrriri,l;rt-",1r i,rr J:r ]rrl
.lr.fr,';Li;;rltrrl r';l ,lr'-, ir'.r'il r) sui:j rl,. i,ijtrili ,],
1i..,lrlri;
rl"t;.,iJ,,;rvtrl)riritr'lli,llItli.ii,,il,,Zil,:rlr,ili',si, i,,r,ri,,,.1
rrr i';1 f;1q'g ritl ltlr't:i.f,iiit rrcr'r,rt,.li,.l Itu lttiti,iu. rlr,r.il,,
,l;rti 1rt t.i, tl;1y Js;l 'lc tttrrlt c;i r.t.;t sii-i illr,:iir,:t:{t:i }lrr:.t,i.
,\lLrii t-tt ;tr[rt,.e ocilri,,,lisll rl*, ltrl,l.i ,i,j ir1.r I]1,,,irii,'.J,1,:_
lbirr.a' irrcipr,a in sllltc'c.rirllii tlc niar:fii ; ci:sl.iLl;rlt irr
.

r,rr ll-"rrrt,Jlrt'l"lvt','ttlctlc.,-s3i7ga1.clcrlniirns-allijtr:;rleJtairi

ihtcit cu tlegci-clt: acolli:::ii,.: cil rlouir rinclnij tl,_, u1;rr,,ri,.

IIylri! 1t1 r':l ;rrlii:r {crr l]rtt:lirnri)glrrgr lLLi rtit,l,r ru,"irdit'1 ;:;
sr rio sr)jr)asi, ci n*ltr pui:tlr-o njci uir mlrinlr_ t,tlu.rl
vir ltnirrii ciL ii i.trit rnai'biirc tJc cincizt_:ci;i cirri:i ilc llnj,
llir:o,trii. rtlrt'(,ll in irc:cllrsi 1,,', c;1 ult lltrri,it,. tlirrrl r.li
vclli cll gl:rsrrl Irri r:ir,g-rlsri (l{r (:il)tirr.()it. ..,ir !}r (ll.l:ntJ_l.a[
{i'Lrrr li-Lirtlu. D'r'n'ltri), rrlt.rrl r.rr
t:,i :.-:i tilnlri.i,-liir lrli.:irr't sirrgrrr.itirii irr t.rrr.t. ',r.i.tlr
:r iririi, i,,r .,.lri,i,
in -f ir yir , c;'r tlirr llricirir tict,rii (.ontih.lrr I,l ,:, ,.: ,_,r
i"s-rr.It',g:rt lii'l;r" Dur Jlr:isi's, inircr:upin,J ;l,:r:stc
l,'S,,.,t,
l:ilirlc rltr siir,'rtl,. J,'1-, (.iil.{,n^0t. tI;ri Jrtir ni,.i riu .iir].ii.
a/'r sl)uit.c:
,.1)r iurrlc t rtisi.lit;iccsi. r.rrlrr 1lernl ij 1 i,r,]i:illtr,?
lirt t-'ittirtsr,: tLllrr o,sirrqur-i.lr,g,'rl;rti rlrr rrrinc,,l;ir,j,tsjilr:
ir.L'c(:il. llltlrii,.lnirrrirt.()rlini.rr:rr.ii,.1tr.llr{l-r,ritr,rslujirt,lu_iitii
,Jrr r';lJirl lirrrlil.roj'rLrl-,;rnl fig-:i,lirii nr,str.:lti.ra',
t,-,L,ii,ri

tit.u, t)'

.lti)'tt'11

$rrgi, lii,;i

r.u1;it,.iurr

slrrr

i:.:turi,

tti

l)riulln. lilcrliriLr dragostti. Nu- ctr:tost: iL ru,--.,i,1. u:,ir"r,

l)rcit irri cunosc J'li:rc m.cr,-ii.r;lc l,x. i-Jrri-rrt,rrii. :rr:rrstr'.:.1
'':lll:r . \.dr 5ii perir lnei sfiitti t:n, rliiriir, s[ slr ilrr,:ir] s;I,

r l;tci r'or, iu t_.ct uriic ;\,britxitlni},.ri-r ..:t.rr

t .fi.f,l1r9ii, tr;r:i sccl.c
irri.r,rrr:i;ii,, rl. \,',r.siti,;r:"
:itt{ii.ro tlin }igipt {scr:. l-1:Lrl;.3;()its{r
l ,,.ir.y" r,:rr-r, ,l;'i,lr,;r riji. riiil;ii ir ,q-l
i,)(--tllo ]li!llt(rlc il0 .,\lrr.lsis irr.1).

siLliyirri.tscl'r,

Iri

:.ri prrriii. sri cilicluasci'r rirl rlotr ('cr, polrll'ir acciii 1rl(:
rir:tu' rlrrtini ic-nu prrs miti presns dc .tnvirtiiturilr,

'-i,1'::-

trrt lr'".

( irrrl vt'r'iltrzi irstlcrl dt: r'oll-rl;i r,ol vi-'tlclL ci nrlrozii si vizitiii au ;rcolL) ri1ili rlllrltir. Ir'cctr"rr clt:c:il- e i,
( (' nrrrll'L. cr:ccleli cir r-or fircc urlii fafi. rlc altii? Dut
irrtlt, titir1,, tlltii,rilrr. init', rriL*l,.irlt,;r ( tr (':rt'r. si. nil11'(.s{'
ii lirctr ft'rici!i.
.:..Pi'osl,iu princi't''ilor :' (.,.). J)r: turilL iLrr::rnr ltoftii.
I

sii vil r.r,rJ-irlsil sJoLoiI cc]t'il di:sf t:c rr)il'i si. tlcsln:r (:tLrteltii
Irrrni"lli, cat:e mir cnlti\-ir cri iorIiL siru-'elitiLtt,rr iltr-rirr
r l1i1r 1 r'i.t[rr.i.C tlt. tiiyl(' tr:.rljrr {ri iiJ,rt i,
'[trtr'-iltltviLt', rlirc;i, ii ;tr ;Lvca. ]rn (lt;tnr rlr, nrirti.r:,
r ill;n lor i{J: fi cca mrii Li:jsrii si ru' urc,r'itn clr ttr:fi, sii
Iugii <lt'clf'C)tr:ivli, r.lc ca. I{inri:1i 1-rtr rnai c'crlc ci
rnr'riliL sir c;ruti l rlirLinr,li un llon cri prolul cli"lr:itri lot
'rlpar:iciclului, dacl-r ,tr ri', t,i 1:ri1nl',riil(.lrsclc jLrrinrini $i
ci-l {:c gl'cit srfcittit i;i iii pc ttmr-'rii Jui act:llL cilrc \it'c;t
sir lic r.ltiur[ci'lj,trrt rjomtritcrr': gimlindu-sc) ci, cjitc l hrirt
irr rninil ci.nnir stir.lu.[ui orc sir l.itdil ilr] inirrt;sr.'lti t,l,li.i'fti, ttu ilt-, ulc salc;ciL ntt ti'rbuir-: sii cLrgrtc tlt'ciiiir binclt q.,|.liri1:-r1:, cir it.u trtbuir., sr"l st' libli.ii nici cri
t' li-r1 iuxr rk: tlcgrri rlc lrr li:gikr;.rl t:irlol ll.l.it()t'li inr1,1iilil(il cst{t; si !iniL lrr t:insIirrL iuttrlor rr]ujl'rrf ilo.r: i,i
c&'egltorilor, lil cslc in ccntmt plivilii tutnlor, cir
tti1ul ca,r"Ll. jtTirl lrnrt[rrt-a lrrl ciu.stitir, lrolr tc, t'l tr
stera milr.tui.ioarc, sir ailricii ct';r trtlri tnlrlr''irr[lolirr,
tlt lrnrikrr <nltr'ilcsti, ori" ('ir () (:()llr(:ii rrrlrrcl"rloirrt
il(^ tlroin'l(', sij. slilrrt';rstli. lrilritlrrl lrrtrrtof. \/ltlik,
lultot':r tIU s(' si.llti lx s{r' tot, si rrtt rlritrru'rrzili l,( (} rlliil'('
inl.indclt: : clottrtL.ilolul, ittsli., slir 1-rt: o itrirlt irit.'. ;rsrr
ciL, dacit s-r[ arbatc ciL rlc tt"sot' tlc llr i,nt'-titirtr'., :r( ('St
flt1,;11 fi cn o cinniir clrililliiir t'r'sc strt'coalii 1'cl)c([t
ii-r. r'iata cil rrai t:tultor' olnlcrri . Afalri ilc ircclrstir.
clcc,alctr, irr silnafiir lui 11c lllrlrrirrh t' inconjrrrlrt ck:
tot l'clul dc pliLcer:i. dr, o libr'rtatc nclimil.atir, cle lir:.Sulir're ;i tlc lux - lu.crirri cc obi;truirrsc sir-l inderpr"\rtcrz{l
din carlca tlreptirtii - el trcbuie si-r sr: striicltiiascir
cil atit mri virtos ;i sir vcghezc cu lLtit mai rmrltir
grijir, ca si rru-;i ncsocotlascir, nici chiar rliir 8rcs6xg,"
'[rr sfir';it, cl si'r rlrr ruli lcr:rbcsc clc
r{lr toli ik' srr lt'.
17

crl')ciln('1{r ctr i sc iritilirl , ,le r, r'.i jrniriilt' si rrr i.i* .ri

.i, , , i, i 'llr 111-iy11r.jrlii ;i tt'rrl, r i rlti r:rrrr, , irL,,,rijni,,t,
"I t':rti -*i riir rr it. cii tlcirsrrpr:lr cai'rhii siirr lr'lc'i'tJ

ii'gr: iLl r-cgiLtr. c:r.r-c, dlripii puiirr ti*r1;, ii'u t:r:r.tr

lt rie {irpit'Ic cltiar c,rlt-' r'l.ii l,r*rLrr,,1',i, -,i cu :itit
llL,,i_.t1';r-rrir , ,.ii tir ;i t.ir.lrrtri{ ,r lrr.r.i ,,,,,i ,,,,t,''l,,i,ii.
l.).rt'j ,l'r.tijlr'[:r ]:r t,i.rL,.lrct:SiC lrr,.rtti.i..._ si ,lt.clrl*r i;r
rlar.'iL;rr^Ii intc.lrlrt * clcr,l ci u,-rr mli
nici sli
*L,nrrrli, irr rilurir. J.irracumnnrli;inritii rnici,1,r,itt"a
r'l liisli torttr
rr.r'i. g'iji in lillrlll r'lr_irnrrrrlLti, iii vcil,., cl.:.LrlJ.|cl si
jirt irr,<itlrri. ;rlir iLrli rl,' ,.1 tlt,r.iL ,r;Ltn,,,i r-r, ii '-.tl'ir
Jrrr:r'rr.i lilir'rric (..a :;ar trrr-i irr.luu.r.t: -.rrIlt tiil t.rr rirr:rr
g'r'ijir, i',i isi irrclril.iLricsc i:il si-riLi intIlirril. ririt,ri.irr rl,.r
iX()lntl; tor,,1t,,-'1 ftrc dr.rsc 1-l:rri.irlc c.ir: r.i*;ii'lrr., dtrCi'i.
cl'r'sc Lrai de riisi-l, tilicir r-iritl;lrr.jl;e \i rlt,rtg-iilr.rrii il-t
.{'ol;srrl lor 1ti:rso:tal si rri.c,ir:csc ntrL,i,l. t:r;i ,ic lt llittfi.t
llrrrr;;iir,. cctii{.r.:nilrtr, slxii a k: rrurpJ.e p* ;rlt: l,_ir., irrs,i.
ilrnct:rl liL lLsticl il.c mii.suri cu rL:st.u][ ]:iitiu.c dc sr:lnlii,
cljrrliir"l 3i r,lca riLci jccmirncii folrlc nrrh"i,l;tc o ,iprirrtt!r"r. dc Iri;rrliril-i: ca o inclreptii.iir:e ,l ,.c,,si,;i .lijdii,
lvtrtii gi"ijrl din ciirrl in cirrcl sir 'rlir.grrl,.rrsr.ri 1r,rpol-ui
]rt'nilir ;L-i ciiti,Slr iriirtr:r ,
.\crrrrllr irr, lrilrriiti r i rlt ()il], cllll sirrt rrrrit..-,t:rr ilrrrulit'rii, nct:rin{.tsciloi. tlr: Jr,gi, tpl.uirl)c r r.'tjurrrs ;t} iulir] (rsrlor
plil clc luar-c lminLc riiinr,Li pcirtl-rr
-r,iit;Ltrr:ii,
ir.'l-rLr'iic l'i, dcr,llt pliic.r'ilor, disprcf xil.qlr ai cnJtrurii,
;r.cr:l

{{lciiir}it

rrl iitrcltirlii ;i al acl*viilujui, nrginr-lintlrr-sr:

bincl.c lroirornltii, ci rni::nriiitJ torrtc rlupi
si
friJ,tsrrl
Irri. ,\1loi rLirn:rti-i t]rt s-il c.]'lun
1r,l'[;r
l','l rltrrr'il, 1r,,rri r rr ir lr'itrr frtnlrit-r'r. Irttttt.rlt
'il.ttttriliir sltilts,' ll trn lqi'; ltrrlqti-i lLpoi ljrr (.,i1) C{)}.r}rJ.}(r
u:r:lL lriirrtir. r:rr ll('st('luirtc, iu scrln cii c] li.cbuic sJ
clr.rsnlirlr

riii:io,hti lir

irrLrr:rr.r'ii pt t,rti in toalq: r'irtr-rt.ilc; dlrpi a,ccca sccptruJ,

siurlxrlu.i dlt:ptilii;i al unr,ri cugci intru tot,*i ncpriI*init, yi, trr sfirsit, sclxuul *'ei iLrlrir.i i'Iocrrtc pc'tr,,
tarii. lJacir un astfcl clc pri'cipc ar ascn:rii toatc lrcc;t*
trrucl,tllhe crr fclrrl si"u-r tlc I'iatii, s-ar rusina. cr.cd, ,-l,r
;rcrrst list si ar fi crrlrlitrs rtrc tc;rnrit ca ttlt crr,,l\,1. \.rr_,llt1
la)

rl

ilrruici rrrrrcrrlit siL nu itr irr ris

si irr bitrLic

,-ih,

joc

rLr't'rrsii nrirrc'inolisi lr,t:rrzitir clc tcairu.

Ni,r'rr:rrr otrIl,ttni/ot'), (le sir mai sliur"i lrcum dOspr.c

rrr.tlnii ct'i rlc fluntc? Di.si cci rnli mulii dintre t,i
cit s{'1ralyin dc slilcrrnici,umili, ncsit"ali;i josnici,
Iotrr'i ci \:o1'sir trcaci"r ilr:cpt cci rlirrtii iniru toalr"
I tti r'-<-r singrn"iL prir"infi ctoar sint foartc morlc5ti:
,;t' iirrrllu[lcsc siL lioartc pc trrrpul 1or ;,11rr., ncstinutr:,
il,(rrl)Lu'i"t ii cclcirriic silmllc irle r.irtrrtik:r ;i a1c iufcicp.irrriii, drir'LLsii ir1scrima xltc)ra indcictnicir." .u n....ie
r'lrluti, Li sr' plrc cir sint cliii bel;ug fcriciti, cil poi numi
l){: l'{lgc ,,Sirf", cii 5tiu sir-i toelne un cotriplimcrrt iii.
i.r'r'i cur;inti:, ci ;tiu sii ltmcsiccc, crr oLice plilcj in
"
(-'(|uvtfsirti:i 1ol litiulilc rirsurritoarc t1c: Luminir{ia\'oil5 [ 1i"1, [[ a ii,s Ilrtca-r'oustr ir, ]kiria-r.o astrir. $tiu sir-;t
Prt'flcii rlc miuirnc ciripnl clnpir imprejnr"irri ;i s;i linl1rrst'lscir cu d.ibicic, clici accstca sint inclcminlLrile
q;t,-i scd irinc irnni nobil cru'tcan. I)c aifr:l, clacl nt
crLccta felLll 1or: rle viatti, ai constatlr cir si.nt niltc,
rrdci'iri'af i fcecicni petitori ai Perreiopci. Cunoa;tefi
lL:si-u1 porrcistii pe cilt"c F-corrl ti-l r.e lor.csti mai 'liirrc
r"'lt,cit mirrc, ]ji rlorm pinir la amiazl; atnnci rrn rlilcon
crt irlatir" ce lr$captri 1a cipirtiinl iratuiui, 1t: slujr'1[r,
l;L iutcalli o lctrrrghic, cinrl nit:i. rrrr sirrl incr'| sr.rrllli rk.-lE
l.,ittt,lt'rr. Ilrrr rrllnrrrirlr,<'il. g'rrslrrrr,;r rl,,tlirrrirrt,lrtil: lrliilr
rl;r< ri :ll i:;;rlivit si i;i rrslt':rIlri Prirrzrrl. Alioi lir-tc
-!ocLrl crr z:rrrrli, s;rlLrrl, glrici&rrii s<,rrr[t.i, urlscirr.itrii,
nrufouii, fc'ti:ki vcscllr, clistractiiIc gi girrmt,lc ncsinrir',
lnllr: timi mti il.u o gustar:c srri rtriiL" I)rrpii acr:c:r
t,inc e irlr, rLrrnirii dc Jrr:tii pre,lungibc. Asifcl li sc scnlg*,
[r'r'iti ck: oricl. p] ir:liscrlir, c,r:lr:sulilc,. zi]t'lc, lunilt,, :ririi"
vcacurile . i\u o dlrliL pli:c de acolomlri gr..asir, par:cii
(rlepiirccr,cr), cirrd ii viicl cu gultr piinr"r dc clr\:intu 11nr:{iirtc, cind timfr.;ic {r1c 1t cLrrte) ili inchi|uic ficcrLrt
eit c cu irtil tnrLi irl)ro:rlc dc zci, cu cit iirir;tc clupir. c,;r
o trcuir mli lrrngiL, irrr marii srni<.iri sc inghiontcsc
Itnri pt altii, n-:lL siL {ir: r.iLzrrti lnlri. iifl'ollltr: dt: sltr'('r-lLr-r"
r

::irrt

i ri

ir

Jtrriit:l'tiI i.'ir'. rt J'i.t:rit'. r"r r.tu iliit- ttrlri ittr:iill.llL i.lrr r,l
r:r (tii prr:ill;i Iri ;;ii iltr ]tLtr1. tulri jjltrti-t, r;t -c;.-i-,;i ;r.r.lr_i_,r
-1ii iiritlr-r'il. ilu rllu"rl;li ii\:ril ill
{'l,t.ti(t.iii}._\ i}t.: .\lt \(;li !,}_tr (:.j l j.r.}ii Vi:( ill
{t.o[ri:_
f;llre{l 'itf 'l*"rlrqtrl r,e!erttrtt}. r1.,r,lj,t,ti.il ul.rrLtr. ri.irii;.r, r.r-i ,iin,..
arll:i:1 ;,i :.';1i ir,\ iliilr;r \I,;n1i.j,r1,J. i:Li1t::i;1rlirJ ip
ir,-ir1lir. 1l{.lli;i,,.
f l);rr'is. liliilisrjil!i!rir:riinr() ir,,iirilrsr,.i;r:iiiiilr.ii.il'. 1:rlti, in,Jr:ii;i_ir
t'lri,rr',i,.,,t!!,)l'iil iir',1'.1.'qit.r lrri \lrln \lr!.lirriii{tri.ilr \rr,r;i,1.i;i :r::L-:;r.
.ll ir.,ir.l,,r'i lrr:ii 1t,ri1,. :]r,ir.i1,i titi)t.,llr. \.,llrtirriri S.iir.;itslt,
'p),'irr ,r iri,1l,,l,;r 1,, .1'. I lrtitt,l,,.;( nlilrlr,l ,),Iitiii
,.rr,riii:,,t;.r_l:r,..r.
''rrltrrril ,rliri, l,.r-;r.1lir., ,rii;1)ri,l. r-i ,liri i.:, riili sLtr.ir:i-il,t gi-r:r:,...1{i, ;r.li,.i_rii'i rlL i r_ir i.;rri,i,:. ,\,j1.:iii.;.1. r-ric ii;rt. ir; liroirl-r_ ,;r.i,
!illiri;ii ir-'r r:irii:: j:ii! l;i,;'i,,.i :..i rr.' irtrj.i,:ii:lrli.:j:-l iai,Lti.,tr'ttj::i itili.i:tt).
;iiiui i.:ili ,ti]|ii;!lt;rt:. iiritl')1:t_ 1:itlijsr:t.. il. jCrifiitlIlrit.itt_cCiiiit;r,
'liti,l ,r .t,irr i itt r':,r' t.:;ir.li.l. r.'t:.rii l)rrl:iilC
,),1,;r:
-f i Si:1ry1tpg,
.:lr'.,i,.:ir :il!'i.l ,l(r liit,:rilt';i1. llit itr:1. iLit1t,.r1-11:"111 J.ir r.:itl.i:]lt.li: tli:r,
"ii!ri.r,iti ;;]ta'l{jJnrilriri,ir ;rirt i,rlliitiiii itt ir}t1ri1lr, t,i ,r;.i..i_
riiI i r),

i !irit,.il-liiili:;l (;,,11)_,r'li:t firlrrl. r,ri.r-ilz;li i:iti.1-{: ..Ji.(rvi}. I.ii;r}rtri

..'i ' ,i ,1,. lr;,lairii, 1,,1i)ijrli:,r.irri ;.irt.:lljlf:it.,lii :,rtr.r:LLj 1ir.it;ir,r,.r
si r'.f', i,'i | ,, : I'1i,,, 1:r ,,illr;,iiii,. r:,rrli:rljt.)t),,r;r1,. ! , , f,ip1
i,rr l,r.,lii ,), , r ,J,;,1rrrr r:llr.r.it)tt ;ri-lti.,. ,rir; r,1-t,tLrri.
irr-': r,
ir.lii'rl;rii1i! i.i',ri,r1;ii,,t. , rrrr ,,j)r irir;ril 1.ill',t{1;( t,r,'ri,:.1
lt{.J.liirt
,.i r i i;t:ir.l !)ii;-,i:irlilt'i ii r'ri,ip ;;i.,i ii;i:,i;;.i..;1it jrt.ii.,Jl.;iilli:;1 ,ii:
rriirri r', r;iir. rliri;";t.,r:rlr',:Li lir-).ii1.rrri. lrir,i.liiLrl i!sii,rJ
lri.Jiri:rsii!:
ri.irrr,,.r,r'ilr ;trri,rr'ii.l';1;ii,rr.i:Lj,:i,,:ti c,.llisil,si.itti-r a;Jt:(,, rjt! ;ntl_r,tr?i..
-i.{'ii, .:iIr
;'ti,i il,' i:t.r).rri,: lrr:t}r-rLi liri.ti,,. sCr-.;i.;li. ij .1,!sir,r_r ;i rii:ri
,:i11';i, t t', , r'i ,t;il'trr i ,';11,11.111i irp r,t-:i6 1rii1;r,.;11r, ,.i,-;itl.rtt.iir .:r
Nli, i Jtr.'t,,irrrli i ,r'.r l,,irr, ,;,, i ,t rjr. j.1 t1;l;ti
r ,, t.r,lr. iiiitilli.
(A ltrlrttro lrillrlunl (\i,.iert.)|
,..r ..,i ,. lr/_.
'rl,,lrjrr-l,rir1r.-rrrti.r,;l
ir,r-rr t,r;r,1,,1,'i, r ..,i ,i, ;,, i,,,r y;,,1r'i.trii,.i ;r,tr ir q(iir:ihrr;rrl
rrl'ilr:'rfrltt \,illtr([ul * Sclr.ralrcus ;i(jotlillt! quterll).1.;, I i[,.]rii
l.,li- jir''rlrir-.ll'rjlr. 1rr.,!'t;Lrili.iilrli :tiilt rti:r.ijLl:ji.,,f|1!
i1r r\ rr...r , ilr,:.,.
';i,iri.i,r'i ,lL' ,r;trt,r.tir .1. tt]r)1.;tli!i.itiiij" ,t.1iC li.j ;rit:rli;:r;rr ;r ;il
r:,',ii'ri ! rrriril ti:1i,iitr;:i, :ri iir:trt.iia_iijii,!.r ;iiju.ar:].1 !)ttli,)lr,:i1:;" .rir,j.
ir:rtir,. si;iir1y7r;i i;ilgr,lsiilt-il,ri- rl; I;;-i'irititi,lc])j, lir.,)lni:r..i
iilr;11 jr {;111,;; ,iirtt,rlrlr:rit;i:t. ;r t'lrtr
ir,-rtl;rii :i i)ltl,r.t);,.i. l)r,

:lil

-;x'}

Frasmus (9.. Metsys Rama, Galleria |lazionab d'Arte

Antica).

oltsc\:l{l \/lt{l

PaginA din Corabia nebunilor

'r. I

L'ii.

t.l

, .. I

\\

l\

{Pilmd editie, 1494).

Foaia de titlu a

pirtii a doua din

Epistole ale unor
oameni obscuri.

,, :l

{Prima edilie,

1517).

\r./
,',)

,.

ffi2

F,,r

i-.

lrcl.rt rr,r tl.trrin

li),r

..'i

ftn:llcyn

h rnt rrorti Brri6crclro$

' snDflcln
lrrrr rllrn fanbirr i,li.,.ri'
.Lll
On rnir
rnfir n.Lrrrn 1l!

prtlolc Oh(rro:ir rrrrrri o,l J'llr$rflr,i O:nrrnri

t-\it n ri D n' cn mot fmr {o lo t r r c I I n rt : e I nc: c F : o

ni,.nrar; rllr.i.lar.i.rrar.t:run'rlr rLd n i.riir.rllrrlt:tll{rr
fl.irnnr rrguqo l.tnrr ii
L.nri rutfl.:ro.
r

'Lnurliri

I.{\

-qjLN

Corabia nebunilor de
Hieronynrus Bosch.

{Ptclati, probabil duN

1494. Paris, Luvru).

Ulrich von Hullen.

(Xrlogravura, 1521)

;i,:r,ti::r, ,{ttitgiile t,inl. tltil-t'1rir-ii:i}() ltltlli s,',:,r1,,};it si;tlt'rrtt"i

i)el'jDifJl),at1{"rr. .,\(iCrri.o r}lr:,i.ii.;rri'ii ;lslli.)}';} ttttiif llt:trl)ltlnr(' })i',;rr.

L: irt.,iitlttir: liLl'il:.;, lt',,-,iltti:-rl, t'r;:rt Pr:rtlt;ilri1 l)fiiil{.1{r ('s{rllri

tj itr J i.i.i-'r'rr.l'.rt":l (.litt:' rj.]a;i i};"i.
il;.ul ,.ijt:- ('(:lc Iifiii iit .,r:;ttiti iiJil.rrriii)i'il'i1 r:t, lt:r"'illt il1i1 ;)l
,drlagii, r:i1. si iltr fcil.ui r.!li{.il'rii itri l'li'ltsttlits (rltr pilr-lir.. itt irtilt,tr't;;-rl1{-r s(irici'c, pLiiiiii:lt.ii, in I51.7, Julttirea pdcii
Querela
l'1"r,;l-toiitlrii. .lji';-ls;ttits s(r' i)].'tlpincis)! i'i1,111itti.: it,.'r.'():l :l I.rii:iiri;t
aint.i'i, pt -<irt-i:, irr:iil 1rii,,'1'1;1,'rii,tl l)I).ui llilr:i.llllij (lill Colocvli:
1111 .,p,-;]igi;:r.[. r..:it]'| Clr l];ri!;r. :!;r tt.rt itl,-t Li:;tzii. lr rn:i.rrr'i.t'i rizil,riirl ;;i;t ittrlrrtrttrr llt 1r;t,,t.t". I:i:t';itirrs rtt';rlit t'i,rlrlitrl c;l itrl
ni,fL,pt;"i.sii.rir;it.;li,iriit i.rl]1,,)1r'ii'rt lirii. ir''ll1l'rl ,ri ri,'liri'r,riisr',.rr,iic in sj.uul I1'1i1i.';1iqri urrir..r::.r;r It. r:ii. si irrrr', ,i r ir :r n;,1r,rrr
xlJ)l:il](], l]ijllt.r'r| , i ri.altt,lU sril:*t'ittlll irr I,,t rit' titLtltittltirt ri.
li1rr.:ilrirl i:i f,tr'.'L:"i i1l l(trt (li: fiiiiilll!:. l;rr:t';tlrsl.t'ltr'ijl tlt';lr:i";.tsi;ir
iitsri;it'tl s1;t:cii ir: ('iltcll()llsr..::i , r;'izl,,rirl I ,:rittt t':tzir't' irii'i.!l'i1;rrr0. i.:lt';"1illi si Loctltlti tlL: ;'i t'ir;i i'ilzltii:ri( i(' r(:ligi,)iii(' sirli.
dcjit Jltar: altii)'l1rtr). lrllt11tttcttl,, 1r' (:(: rl'1lli;1./ril, .lll l,rsl \ \i.I irtsc
oliLr u.ilrgiri I llutce hclltrtu ilti:rpcrtis, Flicttt e rlzhoitrl
etti tln l-a pttrtat (s;r.u. :t:.,;t rtlil)| s-l itltirli,:rtl il) ir)l1Iiiili'si('"
r)iz.hoirrl rstc pllctt ,)]-i
Irentru eei cafc 11 l-ag irrcercat
place
;ilirc;i. l1):ilic :( riit
treificeicfltitorf
i::n'(:
Riizboirtl
t

Hans Sachs" (Xilogravurd, I 545)

Fintina tineretii (pictatd de Lucas Cranach cel Tindr la

1546).

\'alrr1.l-t {littsl; lrrtilrlil'ic;rt irt r rlil iilr rrr rr;,'itrtlul {littli(] r't'lr: tttrti rllzr,tllrttr' ,rlr r ttl,'l,cl'ii. :ill1-s('lc littrlir';r1r' ,lc l-i;':rttttt:., ,;t rlr ,'lii, i i): l'ir,l;'r
(521 -l I I i.r'.rr.) sr I l;rr ir: \ r"1r'1 itt ' li,'rrtlrts {st r'. i\ t .ri.i.

{)rl}u-s,

itt t:rlifiil.

l,cil,t-t", t:1 rIci itrr:

NciLtr'rci[r:tt':r lrti lir-;r:.ritrrs itt ,ilrrl'nii rlc l i'l(l ,,.r'irirlll'r

1,rr

,iilr tir:t,'';i iirt..1l,u'lrililt'tir:siilirril.r):llL: r]llrltirrrii t'r'lt,i 1lr,i;rs1,e" il lrrrrrillic, r'11 it('i:3s1.ii privirri.li, tir.,\.1;rr,:lti;tvr.'}lisi. rle;rjl-icl, tLr lrii-i uttrlui:;tii. N'rr 1-l'riuric irtsii. r'iizrrtt: ri(.nliur( rit,l
it'lrlClttoCflt.l,icc itcOl{} utli-l(l ustl] \'(}l'lril r'1.'}il1'rlt: r,:o1i5i111,,,r',r,t
*llrrct'oa:;i it rtotl-(irL'itlt.clrll: iiillrlfiittt(:i si rrbrul.izii rii. Lrr. Jettrulfea pdCli l:l t:itsmus ir f;r La', I)i'ijl{)rr.i} cil l'1"-r,uliir)f it l i)niill r:il,tt
rl,i,sl;t'tr-sc {}t) Jrnrliti.i}1:ii riizil,rlrit:tor':,,(ll,;lrtr iiisirlt:triiirl. si

*)l):icuri r:l;l.il:s1.c: r)r'ii)r-r -ctf i'i,ilr(:ii:r., itr: ci:ic c[;i.r-littl k: :idrnitrirtt'i:a;:;i, r.trglni,:r.i.i. si, adu:'liiiisti:iltt.tlrrrlt:, ic ir'irlrrlg.iicsie,.\-<ii-

ilt:ir l{)f rliYliic!.rr inir"t ,rlli rul'};i...''

3 -- Liieril1.r.1J:r u;rt;ilisriirilrrr

fi ,*i,rat1ei'ii. \,lii. ]l

2l

Pentru cei care nu 1-*u incercat

zboinl este pldeut{

(iri;Lgrtl.nit,]

(,ltlt'ntsii, r.,ri:.i.i it-i,rrnlrl

trt'bnit, siL trc lrlrrolrit'nt crr soii.iltllj,lr-r:rinrttlt"
rtt, carc lrt'l,ttic si Ittgirtr clr (,1-ict' clLifr, Ii1r'sit'r'nirrr,1r-l
5i lcsllingiLrrlLL-1 cLr oiic,,,r.r', :rt r.Lr r,sti., lir-iL inrloilrlli .
l"ililboiLrI, clrcit crrr-t'i111 (rxistri. ninric l.rrri nt lt'girrit, nrrri
tfi:;:lLstt'ttos, tnri 1il.i:t dc 1r1i11r.j,1ii ii trLr uirlii-i nrrii drrl'rr 1-rik', ntili ntonstr-uos 1i rnlLi ioial ili.{1{,r:ilr t'lr.r r,iii. ('li
T)lrr-r.llci"t.irrirrtrr-: ltrr:Lrrrilr:

r{t: citrc

...,

rr

lt cl)nll

tl, c't't rI itt

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l)('r.(, l)(' q.'u 1,,'lr t1tl,.ti ., li:1 t'rtg, i-i I C('il)t r),-tr ;(",.)
Pr i;i nlrtlir', r'irij i.)rt'lr nrulli: r.'rrru rlr,riiir-of ir.ijr.,, ,fq,
...1( ll.',)ltl, llit,,.: irr,l.rrr'r lirr,l, sirii Iiii iliti. -tl.i., ili,
,r'1'1, iri lr:,tii rrtrilir 'ri, Illrii(1 tl. tl'rii,rt:i rptj,.,i,.
.rrii. iltrLinlr., iru lir:t.:-{.}ljtiillttc c1c rnt:t.lir'i tr.r-'i srriLr ilr:
rrirtltr' rlrl i.u"rJ.i. ilr allu'a tir.' spcciilLr rrtii, r.ir(' :e ,,.,..'q
irt .fit't lirt: z-i, si ilr: l-xiilirlt t, ilrlj:i, ir,;1 Ii (lc L.ilt(.' 1ll )i)
1',y;11, 11ii irlr., 11i11 -{.J1r1 , ( itirtt C;r , illl{l{,\it, r.,f;r:,, jlitri.l"i. lrrr forl rllrrimuli: <1ir ltlt cutrclllrrr. rlt. Iimiiii; ,,i
iir liJtI l),rrt(', clr: urr ftrsi ltlisttliic rlc tiitslct: ,:i1 ,
;r]turr,'Jr.,r-ri, liriuiitri irrtli.gi iill {(lsl ineJliiitr: ciriltiilitr tirsirit:irrlil lilintiltrrliti; cli ccltili ili;11i1,, r,.1,y
pr il:rr;ii rlirt r:rrrrza i;.r l. r-iillrr' .,t1,:iit' srrl, r'11.
.\r:i:a,.iir , cit sli ltll nlili itrltilr.i[,:ic rlc Irrii]i i,nir,l r"[ir
L,r

.\l) \(;I{

$i totu;i cstc sur'prinzi-ilor r:it ili' il'i.i.i r-osi, (:ii (11: nr,sirlrrtit ;i din tc nrili rr-' pliciili si: pi)1-Jl.r:iL. irstirzi ,
.1irr'r).tl) l)r't tirtittrlr'tri, tirr tirzlr,'i, tl,rr rn: i ,'ir.r ..it tlr.
silliratic ;i rk,irirblr csic r'1 tlrr:r, rlrr LlLrrnlii r1c pirgini,
r i .i rlr' crr';tirLi, tttr nuLt):ri rlr' 1,r,,1 rr,i. ri:r: rl rlrl iri-r,nii
'i t'1,i.coi,i, lltt tlitltt:tL ,lr' tirri I i .si. rll c'l,rrr. trl f :iii.'i t riitLtittttir, ci ii tl,,: l-,atilrti rniilt inc:t'r"ctitli, ttLr nntl:Li ck,
,rr:.Ltrri'ni <lt: r'irr<1, silri.ntbi.tor-i tliir {irt:, rlllr: iliLi ;ik's cle
pL'irLcilti, lt cii:ttt' tl;rtor ir' (:il1 tocllliti r{r' lr -l-,61r;li, ctt
intlL)tr)ciunt'lr si lutiuLlL'rL lot', i,ot'rrililt' nr,sil,rrilc a[c
rnultimii cclr,i
Nu lipsL sc nir.i jrrL'isii si lec,iogi
(iiic sir alitc lalxorrstc,
accstc ingroziioalc nr.itgitrir-i si siL Ir
sIrr)])cascir, Ct1itl S-Ar S1111t-lc, cn lrpir rccr',
[]in acc'astiL ciillzir. rirzl.roirrl c:s;tr: tstl"Lzi. 1ril 1uc1'u atit
,ilt' accclrt;rt, incit oiu.l'rcltii sc niirir cir maj rrrisiii s"l
clin accin cirroln t'1 r.r.rr lr'plrrcc, irrr rrprollrlr,,r lrri mc,r'gr,
'llitti trt:olo, incil" r'stt' sor'ot ili. rrrt srrt'r illgirr. lrs sptrnct
cltitrt' o t't't'zir', tlt'zrrl)r'r;lr:rr.t;r lrrcr-rrlrri rrLr ntrrnlLi Cr.l
lllli nt'k,girrit , tlrrr si t't'l rrrrr i tL'zasLrrrr;s clintre toatc.
tr)ltr crr <'it uur i 1lu tlrr 1rl cst('ir nt iLrtreba cnlimirc:
(r: !'crtirl rirrr, ci: boaliL, cc ltn-it, cc rtcsi:rbtlintir au prr,
[lll. strcciLra in sn{le'tul omului o prrllirc atit clc sirlhrLticir, pclltrLl ca acca f iintri pc car:c natut'a apl'orlrLs-r.r
iri xric bLrrLir, singrll'a cii.r(iil i.-a ilal r.irrti
ll.:l3f5
'I
.llirr: .f.ir-lsrllrs clil li,,tltlil;rr:r. 1t,,i,., t.ti.:.l,tti :,i f,1,1;^
L.iii1-ula sl iirr!itici, .li)Gll. iit l,,rn;r',, -l.r ,1 . 1rr.;r,r'Sl',i,,,r.

_i

Irl.'i.ti t'lr'i.tC(.'i(1r..tlic 1]fluitlt.itt::clLttiiL ([itt clLr.r,.:iL

,rl;isitrrintti, c:1,: rt,t'iir-,.ilrcir ulli"ii;i i litrlii lt,r", pi:i1.rirrit' criiI jr.irl, otrai.nrilc, llrrrrdciirilt,
;iriJc i,lt, rtlrnti ni
'l.riiutrrr-rr
iiur',,1r, Jn'irnrr,
, soiirirrri, I'rrrrl s-n sul'ci,rii
rrnrri {ir dc pir-,.irrghiLit pc cin,1 i-i 1r,,,r };Lp'-lil1 crruzrr
i,'lr', lrliLrl rlin c:rrtzri trt-rr-ri sirtrl-iiu.c il1q 5,i,',,urrr.c, rrJtirX
,lirr r-'lr.rr:'.a un.rti os elc 1rr-slg opr it in git.
Sint rtrri i 1tt carc i-rL llisat filri suf Irlrt' r,i lirrcrn.irl
irt'rrst,.'lltl-{iL, cii:i rr _rirrrr.lrc ltLttcrr.iicii c tnlri ltuiirt r},.t
r-irirar-(r, {}rrrti' lrPoi lll socott'lr1li ntolintr.l,' lirrsli;l():u.("
r';ll'(' lritr.tnir', jur t';rli'rtli, lrrr'1l1irrrl,.rri. \rr lri:tl
uiril.ti.:.!1i

l)iltt('r iritrrillrrlrri ,l, lltrlr' ,.r tul -, irL,lr:r.i

iltlirli,' l)r'll I ll r i,rLr ,,ttr, n,,r-r,i, r.lLilLt. -ri. lrc;I
;rli{ rlr. |r'l)((l(' t|r'r'lrlrr;rr, . .\lil ,lI iirrr]1,. tr,.,.,tzrtt i iil
t'lrirttri.r', rlL,1ilt.'f111itrrlttr.i, l)( ()nt, irrlit rrrr lilij rtrotir,
ILrrtrcr l-a ntrmit c.a nrlri r1r'trt_,Loci,tri rlirrtr.r.' Iiirrit'.
I)ltr ttcc..f c tt.t'nqrocir-i. ltt'tttr:tt cti. 1i6i t1l I)ot li .r iIti,'i

,-t

r';r o lrr

trrtc cu usnl i.nli, nici nn sc irrtirnlrliL rlin virlr llolrstrii,

rir' f uc nunlui nrnor()cit i, rrrr ;i rre lcgi.rrit i
C'c 1t' lolr:rscstc uturt,'i,,' ior r.xjiu:i I;r rrtit r1t' rtr.'tirrlull.l-ati: clrlamitirti sI rlu.i cantc inci o rrr,uor-o<'irc, ,.rr.i
crnl ai: clrtcc lilrsa r.lc asa. celli? Si ilci
cinllc, t1u ot.icc
'Irr.nor(){tir(t, ci tt.itrtr.iroci.rca cu ntult -'li
cca nttri otlir.xtsli
tlintr:r: toatc, rrlit rlc prirtt'jrlioasir., itrcit sirrsru.i-r ]e
ltrtt-r'ct' l)r: t{)iltc ct'1r'lirltr', utit rlr'1roglrtli., r-i rlll.

,)'.1

2:

:t*

jr-ri'ii lr: r'ul)i ill(1(' 1ri' tolrtr' cr'{i'irrllr', lriit lli' {tttttsll-t.
iitiit tttt l:ttr' 1,, o,rttlr'lli rtrlri [rtttiu ltlli^!,-itlili, r1c:cii
,iu Jllii ili,
irrcit 1't'otlitt:t' irilti' rir'ltol'()i:!.1i. ( itl i'. toi,rrr.i trrr Ini'l'itii lllili.,.

( ir\ \'( )ltjll lt{ |l \\'l i l.l,\li li (Collrr quia lanriliaria), i,ttrti':;'
iir .!ii il\.r'ir i suli til lrr l Colocviiie, Itt.l 'st tl-t 3ilrtlitr.'. iiL &'i ir,u
Adagiilr,r'irilrr;itr riliirri1.ilir{.,({rstllllq'irtr.lltilrtirri- (.'i'Itr(rirlllt'

r:ri1;,,

{:,

i',rlis irr lil}{i, ,tii'lliirt tlli i'lt'r i, liii rirltri 11t'.{llsl('t' iliit.l,ii-

li,,'r

i,, -irrl. l'llrlicuii,1,r:irnrr tlrLlit jn t5tS, lirlii

{i1i1:..

1:1.i1'1

lrri lii'lts'

(l\. r. irtr',,' Ii,..;ilus lii'ttlttttts. [']r1it ijl,' ttrlil:iitr;ll'r^, ti:r'izttlr',

itirr lil!). rli' t ril.r't lttrtot', l'r,1" I i tl'(l-)tilt iittJrLttrilf;,i1ili';i irnlro3r-rtiti'. 'l'illrri irriti:rl (-t lriririr;rl irl l5:6,, itnrin'
iLi':r irrr':i s('(,1)n I lirint, irit' tIitIrrclirr: Forntltle de conversa!io'
eureilti.,. {Fainiliariuril tolloquiortrfll }ornlulae..,i. {.tti:irrr't..r, rI.trliilrlir lrii l,,lrlrlttt,.'s l'.iitsitt;t: {rt'irlrt'ititts, litrl vr':.iiiiriiri r.tlii.or tllrt 1|;isi'1, rL'ltisisir'fir.lttl si tlltl'itlle tttttri
rr,rrttutl. I',slr::tltilrritir ,lirr rli:rlti(rrli rlii-i't'sr'. r[' la tltt i:ttt'
{,,i rrrrrlr' rli' s;ritti yi iic polilc,ii' li lrjrriL liL i.liscLlfili irrt irrt;:r1r ;r rr)or- l)1r,1,i,'ntt'. ('it rll l)llit'illir'ii i tlt lrlLsitlttt"ll l)Lr(i;1r1.r-ir';i rr lni l'lt;rsrtrtts. l)r'(rr( tt1;li1 t[r' i.tttt;tti'lt lttttti'ttit'lis;i
i.liri'i;'.t;' -l:,lririltt;tl,i, lt litrliriri llrr -i til ril lll(,11('llii-'
t,rrlllrilt' 1Lli, rl,,r.'Llt;rll si I'l(,1'l, lrl, lt irl\'r(: :lr',rrli;'jt'1. ;rlitl'[,] r'il irl,l.rlttt', rlr',-.1,i11 1 ([u :{ \i iltsl lrr i lr l 1,'lttlii,,t' t tl . .'.
.l\'[.r ii,: lliritr-,.r rlirrl,.,3uli t:ltt'icliittl'ir:<.':rzii irl'tlti 1it(]lllri, c;"r lri,,q.i I i I rirrr,L;rr i
iirt li?7 Sttllrii:lit t i)li(litrrlllil li? tir.' f)li.)[]{rzirLirr
loloCvii)
:i.lu i{'ll(lilli {,iir'i.it,,;i. ,\1tt1ir r,r'oi ii m':'tliilr
i.iirrLi
.liliir';rl.^rrli'tirrtlitrirri, slliitirtr'{. illlr:,-'i'sl!ii ilillil arli(lili.
fli'sl.rr.lrior-rrl r.i,.iii r',,ttlltttlc,t,rtl: t'i1,' si lrtir ili,ttrl lrlttti
;.i lrrlli it,ttri ;rl t::tt,lr 1, Jrri(li rrrrrr i)i -'. i r'lttt't{'ilii( siiliiril
Ilr ,r;rrirri rji.Li,,,rrllrri :](. 1r.;trr:l,,ttrrri lllr'lii it, '.;1j' j .11.r1,,
iiri:r,1ri1111

:rr,i,,i,irrtt'

ilr'

qi ttttl

tItirltt;r{li,

{ir llirrrrr, nlril rl,. rrtri ir,s ,.irr; DialDgul tlespre bdilinegc
{'enlloqlliulrl seililg} iit.rlrlrli lrl.l'lrllil {'i.rll;l:i,-ff lliirl Lli'iil'11}{rtlil':
'i.lilrlir rii i:ll (o1l(liiiil riit ('rlL{l lii': sii iniirtriitri
stl{t i ilt{ir
ir ti':rirri, rlr' i11i,iil'li' risr,r'. liii'i"t lt l!1 siirlfi il;.r":isill't'il. ( )llr::lt.
i tt !.('!1ill1! t'lllrrl'lri Liii'ti i)lill( illilrl '!t i i;rl;''
i.,rNr'.i 'itt li'ilrtiilt'
{ilri l:.1irir,ii.
i'l|lttltlrli'
-,1 iii'lii{)ii:iittitli

( )N

\'Ottlil Rl li,\,\l I l-1.\lll:t

Dialog tlesPre biitrintr{e.

,

l)r'rLgrnlrtl)

l rrt r r-1,-rt:trtrtt.i: l:ttsr:lrirrs' l'ltttliril tts, I)ol.r'glttrrris,

t,lr','iol{...),
l',r. l)c lllrtlii:.:rlil:t, irr t':;tj rrll lili.rzril:, irli i':lrirtr: rrttttl
r,,,ii i'i1,'t,i1ri d,tr:it 'i'iu.irs"t,irruri cllllj\ il lttt:trrI c posilril'

l)llctr, r:tcr.r stt,fiir,i'ltl-('. it<it crtttt r i.rtrl il-{f iI it Jnllfitt)*

rilrl: urnlt.c .'r,tlttct, s it t'tt jlririt ilt itliilrlj, itrtllt'tir
,) iiluttg, fit- tla tttin.i.ir l:r'l:ori)(:riliI tltr o jigtrir't', fi': qlt
vrtro r lt'.i tic[lo;ic.
1'rr, l)lr cxis{.i irtt,:1,' tt,.i,it ii. '';rtt ttt}lrttr';-t' })t' Utlltll (:r:}

(,11.

silll.. il, r'\,'Ilr])lrl, "'l' llliri li-rtllt(1 ;llsililr, lrr[tr>r' ,it'sc'l::i i,

r,ll, N'u suflir s[*rli slcxr tritt'rit: l.){r stlf}d. })rt''i lrr)t-:'rt
vint-lcc llccirzui, il inlilitrr, r]rit'i tru' gittlc-'t: ri-<1'Ir:l:
jttct'tt c:li:il tLtl
.,(ltr-11)i 1:it folosi. si nri infur:ii. l)clltrll-rll]
tliscrrtia?
Iittg-irti
mai
sir
l)un.?"
l)al
cc
il rl.cr"tni I'nai
,.,r,,ri fuli'l1rl, il'sa

t rinicsc ca suflctul sil clobirrrlcasciu ir;rcilirit dL, Ia liti.tt'.r

cc plltin clnpi-t ltctltrlt lilllpr,rl insrl;i \"ir iilti"rptrii-"
l)er lrunii scllltii mi c-ristit tlit-i rr slt[{ l'iiltit slt[lcitliis(:it
lr.tit (lc il]a.l'c iJlcit sit-i ingitltli sri ttt'rrrt'g:i r:tt lititt'' Irr

{)r,-'ca,

(:n

lciu'c

"
/izl, Nrr c (L-) lllil'ltr() ('il. ill ll.ll iilll)lllt'itt.''sl i, ;rr itt'l tttt
:rstl't'l tltr strfl.l,
1,/ I)IrlItrIriIr I,'s,si tItt,tvIri .tI;'tIttrI' 1rtitItrtiIur , irr1Il'il)ttll rill(l lll-illll Irlt-it :;rr r'ortrit t'r'r'o ttllr'i-li11i1r'r"rl'r"lrl)ttLca si lthlrgi l llfi.tllr;1. ltslll)l:l l)l(';[:';r11:r t''rliiil'rr trt''i'
illci n r csisti rtr.liiriste lrui lnrrrr) tlr't:it *crr.Ilr't.Ul (]itl'(] s,l
t;; i'i;t;;;i ,1c rrircit' l;qv tl:tt'i lrr-;rrrr [it'rrt r itun'"{
,'lr'"cr'r., lru l)tcl'glil cu,lcal'c ittlrintc di: a rui fi iilrpdcltr.
cu l)nt-tiuczcu. I2r'orul arlcvilrltci tillnt:, :liltl L'n' sil, nulrrcsc pc greccste, e'5Oui.tia'q, (loristit in .1;tlrlecl.a- i1,)tctccr:rc ci Drunnczcu' Iar: cclor colc tl-iiit)sc astftl,'nir:'i
,iltil'tt, oatn.,nii nu !g 1)ot fssr-r lJll ri:.11 prcil lllitrll,
Ilu. T)t cc faci citrcl Lc: clriuuic tcir.llta' cli: nrr:tlltr:i'

I)in.: 1)(.iiil,!_{ius lir'.r.ttrrjs li.)t('t'D,l llltil-:. ()ltt] t i':;t1' ;'r^

l:}til - il}rii. iir t,titt;ltt rlr' ,le
1 [iklcshcirrt, t ;cor"g {)tnr.
1

A,j

rt,r

itr ( | t

tu

.rn

25

(,1. \[olrlL,'lr slrtt zi.tur tlc trlr;tr'r'r-' tr-u-r r.JlLirLtri.i'irr t'grrlii

luisrrrii, Stitr ci. trrlrtric sit mi,t-, t: liosilril .'r, ;1...,;i-tll
nr'lini;tc si-uri r-i1rt'irscr"l citcya zilr, ilin liatir. {r slgu.r
iusi ci ttrr porLtc u<iimg3L nirlir:" $i rk'rrctt'lt tr lrt: p('
s,t'lllnil t't'lLri tlc sLrs;in ceca ct) tnii prilc'strr, insii, ttLr
mri l)rcocul-l rlc rrirnic altccva ilccit siL tru"rir'st: cinstii
1i Irtrrtros, f].rl tltr ]roulr., tri'ri friutros, rlt,cii t'r.'l t:uft,
tlrj.icsil cinsti1(... ),
( ()ltl:51'()\lri::,\'1 .\ ltri l'lrir:rnrrs csl.r: rr-i L-.i . irr, r.1 ,i111{
rlirr Irl5 r'l st Irc,(]r'tl [)i rlt'pLr.i.rlir:ai:clr tclt,r ttrti irrtlrrrr'lurttt,
tlititrc sr.: r'isorilc salc. l.a Tlascl. [,,c,Ltr.ain sirtt Ircii,c,tt'.g'[iL'lsnlrrr rii:;l IliIr.'li ccntirrl ilrci rc{:clc crr'+ iflgiol-ra, ruciL'llr1.liipupi si plolc:sian!i, d;r1', lr:ri (,Lr srrurii, aprciaJle icifi rrmrt-

lri;tii Iilr;'r,iri'i;

lrf

iitl;ir ci

so

ar

iiir si \icolarts

i ""
lili,\sllLrs DIli li{ll'1'Eltil.\l\t

i:lltu

( )llLlrLrs,

"

"'1"'';';":1';'i'ii

N.ttl[}i,Alrs

OI,AIIIiS, \'ISTIIiRNIC A1, CASllT AI,BA,

Sl!(:l{1,-'l',\ii SI ('O\SILI Ili -\1. ltliGIN]iI l't[,\ltI.U
(l r.rlrrl

ttl'

Nrr t:strr o rniitgiicltr oirrccilLL-' pctttttl nlirlLr, clrltgrri

Sicoliltls, ci'r in acest sccol, care nailc pentrll noi
prctutindcni atitit ltlonstri clc oameni 1i irr carc clriar
iLrcrcclcrcl , lrfc'ctitttrcrt si otllnil sittt utt lltlmai incfcmcniL(', ci par itttrrr totrrl stirrsc ;i tnntornintatcs
lircr"r, sc tui.Li ltf ii t;ilcva irtirni ucpllirfnitc ;i cinsLilc,:
rli: rrnclr sp(rranla cir vlr Ycni poatc o 1'rc111c cincl acr'it
lrsl"itir cpocir de r.ur a trtlritot"ilc,rr (corvplOit'Anl rr''rrt.
t",.r"11

1 Din: l)csjrlerrius lirlrsnt.rs It(rLcro{-lanrtts, Oy'us I l,isi,,.

lortt;tt (l 131 .!.i3].t, t.r''tttl,, l'ccogllit-lllll ct attctrttrr ( l'r.r'
P.:. Ailcrr (Lt. lLlt" Allcrr), Oxorrii. [n Tlpogrltp]trr' 1..r^nrlortinrro,' 1906*11)3ft" Iu tnrtritttc;le rlc ..1[1r1l11 1)11111
I \"1 striLlrrci <lin uc,u (gt'cc, irr l<-:-xii ,
,

2t

rtir,r I'ri, tlrri irtit (l(' rllvotrrti si jrrrrilli irrii' irrr i{.
l,.l( irt t il , illLt'i. s-rrt' Ii. i..'it. lirilt,jul, sc \'ot l)t-r.(){ {rl':t
,ll irrlL rr'sr'l('lrtlc irr tiutllr 1)rol)ri('i ili: r ir'1j, }l'itlL.rri
lrr'('.| ('lri'rtilt ii sUllLfri nuri g-rcru ticcit irt'rtistt'rlUsritllrii
,1, ilr()irr'1r'. iiiir-trlit lril irrr.:t,ilri sii Ii.i' 'pr.ir,1rtr"i. l)('(]it
,rrr irri'r'1lrt si fic clrilrr otrtrri:ni, \ir'i u lLltLirrtilt'rr
r lr lrii- ll'r'tirrni, rrici. o iuliliiirt^ ;i lrirrll:ii'criirrr, nit i
rl lr Ii s1](r(rt l)r'tIl"t'ri <rit,'t'li,rrtii, rrici llil sirtrt;inr'irrl rii,
,ruiL'riii' ntr ii riitrr'-sl.t' rir l:r tit'ill.ii. Ii;t;riLrl ;tc(.:tl,
, irrirlL r'rurt itiri {lrc,.' rrlii
ti-r'l;i pt' r ct lrii l)l'ir,1,,1)i
( rl'(' ttti.-lLit tl"tttlt.s r:t'i'r.l irt,'io:.i., iot ;titirl
rtri-i llrcr"
rrtlti. ri,.' t)l'('t i)c tfi. rr,,i. '1,,t,'i riri.r iltit:tliii lir,rirrii.
lrrr irl,;trtrri, 111] orli crir';rt i;r :uLir:l. sirtt irri-'irrtrrl
,lr' lrlit'tt,lii ltirli pii.lrrrii, si i'ir lllt its{l'r'l ill orrr lsii tir,
irri llrtlr'{ti il.lr} tlcrlitins irtif {iili :.r'lisi.ri il,, t:r1,., , ii .i
,iiir i',,1iLirrr{.;il- I)r'ici;rilrlLri rrr'n Ouir-i.rrrrs, rr-,tfrj iri it
riri irr Ii iost rttti"oie cir: t:riciit, lrr.lc r.irrrrrri, l'(,i(i rt rr;1.
ril ril'rIi. 1 foartr r,{rf ;Lllilr' .i irrr:iirtii,tr;;r;-r,, ('lripLt1 liii
(llrrlrrrs i'str fr('11 it(litlc inli;riiit iir sriflclirl nx't t-u si
tr'lrtirt Ii slt"llils >itu st('r-:r t.ic l(:r,l,r; i.,,;1tisi, rlt'ustti.rit ril
pliit uili rt i:r;si lLtrtslit sirlilirr{ 1rliu'i lL'ir.'niit tr 1rr iit,,irrrr'cc illi{. irg cir,.it izvi)ralet.l i-l irrir-o it(rliirnirlri'i.it iirliir-,r.
ii:rml ii"rrr, o Iirrgrrri;i o frrr"crrii{ li, irrii \'()}':il)i)rj ac( irsil"L dtsfr"rturti;l)irill c1 j'll n1(){,1 sigLrr- iI r't,i rilr;r 1ic rlnrgrrl
nrr'11 \it:ollttt,, drcilt tovrrris cic rrra-*i si f oi prrit'rr
s]).r1lt('itIl(ri. l)t-icicttilor: ...\ici s('iltli'l lri't'l Olrrlrrr. rlr';r--,
tttir': soltr'1;t r lrcsor'otit r-r's1ttl r', 1;rliii,,r ,lilrlll n,,i '.
l);rl lrr li1,'ilrtrt'rqrrl llr i',,r,i, i I.r \,,l, i, lrri L), tontlrlie
I;:i{).

i(),\NNtts sti(,Ulit)lIS

, ri!,,!fl

i.r

(ill(lt1-il

lli,jlt,';l

I'll(l-('il!

i,,,, r,. r, ' ,,r 1,.'1,1. .-i ,,r,,:,rti

l', : ( r ilil(lrr.r il tritesc cu entrri:illslr isi sirii iirllrrr.ifl
,t ,t1 1,,,r rii I'l'.irLrlr.i [{lciusur.tl, l)rr -Llr] l;ir-.](i'rni liclilarr,ck,
,

{rsr

- r536)

ll.rrl l)t'r,ltt si irlririr'r'isttrl itrrliurr tlirivlrrrli -F]att.isia \lllitto,

Si.irrtt<lLrs T)t'jli|rr e[t.ctnl n('itst('l)tt]t, lrlil. ilrr r'trl.
I rr,rl rlr' il1:ti:iil.iiili. i.rililsllit1'a-) si irt |tt.srr|ijt rli: t|lri jt,s,
Iton.:{t'rl ii i'Irgi;rzi"t iull-ti r,r1ir lrdlr.sllli liri Nitolai
{,uizr,l. il lrsi3rrlir l)(.itrlli:iol ci'!. dlll)ir (('t.nll)1ll ii l,ir 1l
l,r,.iil, rr(,.1 l'i{';l nlr ii r-:r stingt' lr,rirrli t.crrLrurclc: c;r p.ittlii
.r r rL tr,r'il i tisi i{ltlr' irlirt {'i'cittiir :rt'iistici'L lrupott'ir';t lt1f'fli;
rl rl.;i 1,i. lr'irnni.,s Si,r'rrrrrilrs { .l'tn SrLuttil , t'lr: tltti lu. glt'irri
:'\';:'u jtttjitt;,; rir./rti!itttt!,, .littl t:tttli t 1//11 x'i61 a'iysl .l:'tt'
{i5 t!i').1u' l'tr;:stri/!ri'iti), Sdruturilt 'i i 1'lrr' (r s('iii r'{-' t.iir.inir,
(l')l tl itqttL! l,'s liti:i,i.i (,,'1.i.,i i't,,itr i::lrt: .'t)tits n.u {!t!"l
J'l;i s'.i i'i1; {'{tult'i:/ {ii(it1'('s} l'i,j:t: tirtlt}: qu{, l'll!i(l1.tf riit!)..
iiir litt:rtrrl ..\lir'ri;r ir'r'r,. r-or:-iLlt r";1 ci. Sdtuiurile rrrr,r-.itil sit
irc i itilt:;1)a llLi! \.ilil (ittr'1 cll il t'nt.tiriliillt.;rzi. l\'[r-rl iltri
''r'lli rli'r {ll-;r 1x'izii i'lr fi 1rr1'1,,''1 rlt :rl1fr'l ric li.lrrri I}r.lllrrrr
nll-!lr s()li,i, i;tr'lrrii,zi:r lr \'{{-ii, irrsrrirlrii tlirr (';rtriillrs,
1;r li llr lirrriiri t i ir:riirrti r[. <li {ilrji.
l\ri'zilL ;r {\'-lr ili i.;r I iilr li r,Lili irr i{r,ir.;rrd. rlt. i};ii'i si
llllil'lrtr , Ptl'.'irr ;r \'{iL iir {i irnii:ltir;i t;r rii iilirs:'r'rt lt
,1,' il:ril, irl rr ,\\ ll-,r rii ili'ililrLr
(.rr lrrl lrri

Al;,,-, 1,,,rlirrii'i 15,1,1iii rri rrt.'i IrLrrrilir .lirrlri.rrirli'. -f;rtt l')r'r'1':riiliz. rr;i-ri.tti lrL.{l;tgrr,.sllit itt lirttlre j:rtilr;i

:-i i:sli i {.,n5i(li.r';11

u{

l rrili iLl scilnii

1rri1.1 .ilr

titt li1 tinllrttlni

rirli;rzir t.liilriiri (\i;ilirt,:s si lir,n;'gr,sl . Luliitot'r':rlt, irl

5i1r;r1rirr, trrrr['sltr.jr:;lr,r'it S.]r'i'r'i:tr itl {111ili inlrlt r,tli'zilrsi fi
,1r,.iirlr'r irrt,,r-i:.rrl lrri {,'1r,1 (-r;;i:irrLl. irri,,r-- lx,ltlrv in l:rr:;i,

.:irr.

51

irrr ri;rz.i st rlli \'r'(irrj' iiiir'o utLrP:t1.ir si:nillrrii, iill()i 1)()irl;i

{., 1,:rr, ,,l ,r r l,r,ltt,r,, rlr' lrlirrritti) s,-^ir!,-t'l\'(itzi-t ::i tttrtlttt, l;r
'-ll rl, ,rnr. lrr rrrrr r,.r r.iirrjrr Elcqii (Elcgiac;, Epigratne
{f:pigrltrrrlrrala), Otlr, (Odl'i), l.pistulc (I-pis{trlat), r, l)(ivi'.-lil'L';r t:;illrlot ir.i liririt rr "lr,rli.r, llincrur (ltir,crrtria, llilN,l ( ir
Yi.r'sLtlilr lLti rrit l r'itn,rr,-rrliil;i rli,,,'r:,it;rlr'. (;rl'rrrlriir{'r'il i,
lrlr';tittii.sr:1,q,r';:iil,.'tli'il|ir.loslr.: tlin l'Ltlt'ri,t'r'lr Sitfrturilttr
(l3asia srrrr {lnsinrunt iih*r trnus). Sr-r'ii:rili.'i st: lrtrirlir':i
rrLrrrr-r. S;iruiurr'le ll\il': i11 liiljl). iilr' l)f i,r,,il i rlit,ie tlt olir-'r'e
1r:
litrir,iL'i(' i;r {5-1 l, \,. r';r. citriilL i sc :r11t'i',ri:tz;i Sdrutrttiie,
1)t'r{-rLIirI iri t it,.r';r il,iiilt',' tilegii, i',r11' ,r l t-tttitr,;l:;i ( rtt'l( r:rlri-r
s;rrrrtiliiL, |ollili r: iltlri:1,: , irt.i rlrr!r,sii;t iLri trli' ttr'irlrlr;ir-t;i;iti. (lr'1rr .{i) l)ii':r'i){'\.'lir'{r r:rrri ;tll;"rttrii'sLr Siituturilc sltrl.
rtr;rti lrtr' tlr si.ttitLrlitliifii ]'(r1rlrs1.L'iriist.ii. lrlr' itrirlli nli l ili !r'

slli.'!iinlrlt ;i srrl'r'ririlr'lr:' '*. ;i t'in;L lltrgilir;i : Ii i'lr'1, .r lrr1

i:u r;rr;isir
rlirt irtlrii'r'lt t1a!!rricitil ;r iiitt t,lr'rsirt 1 itrrlrtr lri i rr' i'i'r',riiril i lirrrl,Lti iii;'t' i,lilr.{l ii irttlrr,ltlttli sii r:,ttlr' l,i,rr( i1i1
,,irirlrrirri. {'iLiir.:, sil,,1':-r riiti ir.ir riL';l i'r\ I :r 1,,,t 'r' i)liii;{tlitii
_t,

I \lill

\'.\lil

tt liil('t,,

{li
.,.\'ri-lirt t!tt.i o tiitlt:i .\r:r-i1ltl/':',

.f'j

i!irit)i!:::!

liti.'il

!" /i:.ili:rt ;iitr:

.ilrltl r;
!',;,

{:1;'.,iiii .q';:11g l'i,1.

ilr/i'ti . itr

l1r;";1 1.'

u!:t.,i',

tti t:itii,st iJri r;ir;,i:;'.'li1-,:t//it:li'

si sirii iti l,iiiL;'i iiigi.r,:it,i.

1u1'u,,,L

J ])irr

: Jr';lr Sl{i'oitti, .Ir'-r i,1t1,,t',',r t! iJ,i.):j,rri,iriiri i'frii.'ti

:r'r.; {lrrli's ,'.1 r]i.. ./:r',.rj', {ttli1i. l,rrrtrr: r.r lt{il,-,-fi:lt{i,:l;},
lL'lf is, (r,iri-tiii r {r'til{s. i.-j:ts 1i. i1']lr',,,1-,], ./r.ri ,'1i:Si/|.
?1'

i ),',,qt",tltti l,It

".',

i,

;ii

,;tit/r1!t

it' !ittliL

lit:rbin {i,

rl

)ri.r

s,i tir -lt' iirciti!;ti cJL itt. rit Lti stirtt!o/rr/r:irr''rr

't si iiul rc4rtl cl itr.)t;blittiiu!iti sirtr/.!

i:',':

,ll,ri :l,ri

i,Lt.:L:ft:,.iiti
"

i grijn/itr L;i !i slt't,li tlt

tttt.

| ;,,,i ', rf

:,r

IV

.sti ttrruttt

!1p11i11
oti,;rt.l.

r'rttttii 1,.,1 z'it'itlttlutl f rtlLntia ':i4i1liit tlc t,inlurt,

I rt t I trftiT,' ' dt::,lfiplx1i1 ittsl'tt,cti trdsnctit.l ,itt niiiu,i.
l,r ttliitt ftlitrc pttlope;tc cu g.rhdhtti ptintlul si tlta),a,
lt, lt,L: titr-i fo.sti ac ntcli:a,g pi r.ilc lrt.itttt'i it slt'io.Lt"

I tit,,tl,

t:! t'ul cu, t{it iultu.l n(:il{,)rcciri 1i ft;ir:iri:

lil l,: iar;ticr-t pot Ji . ct-i drt:t'1 , f>olnlcli: /rri ./,'its !
l),rt r'ut)t si ltt itii ft,tri r'l it,lrti, uttri t:/tif ls(i l{'(:i1. ,..il.n
I tL sc.tiitii dtni dt: ftzlt,: t'c t{tlr'it t;iirii. (t.':ttt'ii ,
( t, it:;i:(t ii:-\ti{ r1{: st'tt'tttt!ri dt: ce !i-ri rl rittttittlit rtlil}

.l

(. irrtt ttit.ii)iloli, aojtiii t.tttt,:;i.t'itc:i: stts:f.in {r/ ))ttu!'

)\'tr ttti. iutliti ti l*t;'irti/t cirtt.' .s:/ i5t r:!tr;1ji t:r't. Si f c f i,'ltt
r,:i
ftit; ti ttiLii t'tt: l;ir!tt ltc tutt/.,' tr ht t u t', t)tt't iit ]
ril,
ldt.:)'!tlii irrT;'s"' 5r: r:r1rli's.i s!i'i tlt: ti !L: it;'i s,irttli !
Jlii
,\'rr r;ll tittitii;i lat:rit;iilr.: tit-'r.t't' : \ tt Ltttttrirq. tiiu,i,
tt

)t.

SiL] 1.!f,

.'ri, c:r,., sldi,ii uLitrtiirt't , t'l.,iliirt:l l:,o!ol-tr! til(':r rlt: lrrr:ntrin

Ii,i:;tultj,drii'rni tttirtpli!ui chin /.ritt!r-tut. f>oiu.p.

tlt' Srl;'l! i rtl'i I

\.I I

\I
Iitr-itlll ,ltrs l,t crrf;itl itt,',,itrltr tlr' tltttt,i ltii ,li, :;tii,itltii.i,

sirtrltu i tlitrtl, ftt.intuttl tt tttii,' tt scltittt/tttl l,ir.

r/ J'.,;;,i, ,.1,l.tr.tjttl l,iit tt -f'rit'ii. gt t5,
fh,r tttt-i (Lutot,til /t.it,i' il s,i Iit Ltut s0(:al;t()t.
P,.: (-ct't,s cittt 0 .s/rii.rr;s/cr ,lottr dtL:,t'ti. liu]itLirul Llt, s/,ic:,)
I-t-ttf trt:i 511 5'ep4l1.1ll itt t:ititft ittlrcn,ttr, iorltti, Iit,
{-)

Da,

Ct:

ttt,it:,tc

*rctt,j'rutitt)(r,sLt. i/r,

t)nt li. trr )nnl/uttri, ,,, Jlrrttlrrt.:, s/t,itrtli

tt,l ,, ,',,',',,!",'rt,
Cr'rtrtJr'itrt

.>luft,u'ii cu, lui .l ri.slLrt:\ rt r)Lit dt ulbittc d,Lttr ?

r.,-i.nLt I tt/tilL,i, Lt l)t/)t :;i tttl ti ogot,tt/
ttoslrtr ittsc!ut,
t :\ltrnlt: tiin ,\ticlr. .\lir j111,1s rlc
Ir_. J1j.rrrt.t sc irrrcrrlri .i
azi ric cclclrl-i1111' 1,1.i.1.
I Prirtiul r.-cgc
_
.icstltrilrr :rl -\tlrrci (in 1l-r,;r.lrrr:r r irr i;r ,i:
: r,,lt.r. Iljrrr,.rrrlr /.r.r..
j:\clt)izr'11 ciire i-lL ini.a]:rt
llc ();rn)(.rii t rirr ,i , rt r-c;i
rrl]'irtclc (n,t.).
:

l()

( ) .,t 1.i,,;.i,, r;t l,i,l, s.it t;i,, t'i,

() ..:tr!i ,:,ri t' r;tie dc s,irttltiri ,
0 i;:ii t;i'i ti utit: tii: sirttltu'i
)r liir:,i l;rii si tttii ttcltttntrit'rrlt'"
('ilt :;lt'rtf,i sitrI itr ';iL ilirr)trr )tittrt'
.\r/r/ r i /r' sl, l, rrt',1 f,, lit ttt,rttt, ttl,
t\Ltt',i ft11rtItttitl,'it':rr, ,it !i tls tiil.
('tt tt,.:tr'tlli 1r,:.t.sittttt ntL'ut'ur(tlii J't' oliiu.jii lL'ti alit iltt l,urf>ttrii,
li:: l, r,.t'lt tilit dc /ttilitttnsc,
f" 1t1,l;ii t'ii clil dt i'rirl.ti;,cli !

i),tr r:iiti !t ,f'c/ cir. i,17fi:ir!y: ii: st.,itiL:ti.

..ft.i;1,
.\.{/./
t;;lt. ;}, !,. ti /ttt..,t.t
'fi:,trltiii1,.1.tii n.lil tl,
tlt' rlt'ltriri:!i,
i\'u li tlt':;ltt.r;r'si: ?tict ltr:"clt 1;ttioin
,\i :rir:i t.,!,rrt jli /tii iiulttrittruti,
A-ii r i,r ltii ltii oii{ It: i'r.'rbrirrli,
Arrr;r' ;i r;ii,rlitl nlila iLc sigsluic,
31

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\nlhtst
N.ITERATURA

$l REN.{$TERil'il
GERMAXNIA

U,!lANlSillULUI

[w

X\'t I
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;:1: 1t().!.si

uu!; !Li '!t: t:t{.t't: ,,ttri i ltt;'ittli'i,i

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() ftu,tr P(
l),'i,i

ti,ti,t,

trtittt:tttit rtt,ttrt:itt'sIt: si l.tt..::cl,t it.t'lLiit:i ttt,,lc

lit,;ite..i

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l),'t:ttt'i: r:it -stirttilr'ri Itt.ttli u itott/( it:*tli]t iii',ti''ii',tt) .!tr.lti tr.l,lt,i ct '.,i ltltr' l( -)t(r.t1'rtttr'ra':ri rlrr:tiit't't!
(.ltr o .[t:t:itttrt'i itt:t'ol,ittr! itt trtiitti tl( itLtt 1t11 ltilliii'ttl"
..4 i,fatrttr c[,rttt.;tt ]t(itr;t itLit;tf Li iLr'.J ,l'lot'i tit".ii
('iriJ. t'iti'tt '!tc *"at/d.!i rNit, (:tt Irittt:r,i)ilta, s<] .grisll.
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il)(.1)i1)(.i t il
t\lrrlilrrtirs lirriit:; irt si:c,r'lttl rrl .\\'-lirlr.
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, ('it rlirt \\'itt,'rrii' i'3 il;il?)
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,ir( |ll! i' l,rIi,' rliil ll( i t\ illrli. ttt;tlrrli 'i il li,'rr' , I ' ]ii-* :.i \\'ilit,;rli1 1'.irr.lilrcilit,i'(l 17{} - J:ili{i1; i iil,irrlr'tt
il,'l,'r'1: l:l l t,"lL
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j" i rl, lri iiri(' r) lrrti\ r'r':llrtli' irl l-lll) si Iltlr 1 i 'L rt
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tLrrtlt' i;i tltt, ;tr l i'. il,ri' rr (,l,lt .r tttt;, I'.lt;r' i l:lt- i l illii
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l-ir:'irir. lit'rlr;r, Ltt,al'tl:t. irl I'llrlti:l rl,'lirtrlra -liiir,rl)i
11] l-lriL lr Zir llllii,
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li,.f ,rinl'i.
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l, lirlrl,. ;otii.1ro socolcalx plpci. irr a ik,tut jutrtiitutir
;r ,,,',,,lrrlrri ;rl X\1[*lr-'a littt';rtrrlr st! int]Jlirar tl in r i;rl.lt
r,,tirli;rrri ,rli rlin st:t"iitoi'i Ltlt-ret'zi c:t l(otts;ri'tl, l)rt
tt'lttlrtct,:r itr
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l irilre gulrnlrttii Gilfgantfia ;i Pantagltrel, irrS'iir i:r i rirlrr -sa
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l['rr', ii' t'i.{,)l1ir]1cllL tli [irr]lilsL(i;i l-, r'tttlitlt' riittttttt;::,
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( L'lisl'lUl.ol( l)li l.\li\.ir
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tirl
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irr l-1$iJ
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rl(' ,iti)l',r1ttt,r l;ilttt;t si ril';'r;i, rl'' litttlri 'rlrt-;ti' r'i' t'tti"ru'snt.'i
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1,

l-uci:irrcl, lLii trl.pi.t:rlir, Cele trei ciirli despre itlvetl!ia

r!ialectic,i (De inverttioflc dialectit'l[ lifiri III], iii Iri'(ii.)rli!e
lirrl.r'-rttt sl)jr:jt: antillrisi-r.rtclic] si r:]'Lrcz(.: llJl '{iJtcrll:iliillfiii,'. lu r':t.\.gl'itrrll;.t ili.il"ltl;,l.. {)tr ?;,i1li ilt;lil-ttr:lt ltli.l}i'lc rltlla
si rrirl'
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'i"r:i,tllllllr':,t i.
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.tJil1.i)lil[ (-'lrli,)lr.{1.\'l-ii 1;rptf}rlr, il irlllii :ji]l,lil'i ;i r"rlrt ltlir'r,i
r'!3ulolsc i;i rr lil,rz:r.rIir-:i, J.'c-xLril r.]c rtltii j'ls, cliti'lrs rliit r rti- ii;irrl r:oslil t1i: r[, in;-t.nu] ll?tl, ill 1)1"(t/,{"'il{:1 ltr i lllrr'rrlt, 'i'::
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,i,] Jii{;Dd.lrilil'c lt oti;rlt.r i, 1;rlru)iiol:;i1 rtllci :iLriili,'i rir', rir,';
L!l,r' irr|1,:1,ir t'1i,'t'i r,)rlrr':1, ,rr'!,:{)riarJllir)- lLri ,\grii:,-ila
'l(
i.r(;'r-lini:n.
liii
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oll](rr]( -!i.
tl,ir]
.tl

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l,lric i.:r'kr ol]t('t1ttii.i i.l.u, il(.:cr'itii ii.r't': s,.t 11;1g,', ii':i I:l
lrrrrritrii" llrol)iicscl')rilltr{.' o(tt.il};rtij}c rlt: :'ittrl. :r ii, r'it,tii"
rlnlllilri ji. s?nt'astfi'l incit 1t,;1 ii .iirrrilr ,lr un onl si

l)''irliii(' rll l;i riit r)Jl)?(...)

l)cntrti r-:a ciilr-'r:lt si prri.ilr ,l,ilriit,ii ;LItc lrtt:t.rtri r.sir:
(l(rirjlln: r:l r.'l siL sc l.j. ljiisclri. ..)tlt si. si, sc l-,tii:tt.t'c , i",.
;trtrtilstli. \,riiri.li c{jit}lluiL;i ric Inrlit.rli ei.lr.'i.; r-llrr':r f i Iih;lrf
in:j(rirnlrlii u- fi nlai tlnilt tlo.iit t.ltl olil . i), r'i1 11, ltrirl r li
r)ll irLhtli"u'tri r,livin CSIC ilcr.tSl JutrrLl dr: t:rrc ;ttt liltt ir,
rr.tiirlclirrtir.i()llntn.ilSi ccpoa.l.r-'iitrtrritltil.lrr,(tc(lo\':ir1ii
rrirLi. sigurii l rlii'initi..! ii filozlrfj,,:i ilrrrit ci"l crl. rln 1;ou.irl
Ii nrirg-itti.tiL t]c nir:i tu] 1r'J rltl lts.rLit'c,,"lt'ni,.:i utt Irl tlr:r
sprtliu? ('ici. slinl.rrl suflr:1 :rl itllllr'lrtttlrri llii:i'li,r
Iilllt-, tt,'itrciirrl;r{ si lllr'orlsl t itt:r rlr' ttit i. rrtr li'l rlr:
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rtu llr'ltiri iiril,' :-;i. rrrililr', r'i ,'lri:rl r:i{r'r'lr' :,i r't t'utilc
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nici ci:lc'1r1l.i (l,iltsc, cl cul)r'i.u(.Jr-, sull!.rllo, r)iil.r:ult{-le
{otrri (...)
Itltnini: o si.]rgul:ii yi uilinrii. pirrtr' ii filrtz,rf iti ciri'e
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rticii" .'\crrrstrt t:ottsli"l iu intrtlgintc rnai ?rt1ii riitr iitdt'tr:*.'_*--........
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1lLr1r'1-l:itir, llorril ?. I."i|2i1, J'lriii1rl;
voir l,n.jrr. i-nr,rjl. ILlr,ns
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r)

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i,'L,,t

strrrlii lrr tii.ilu;i IIi:ic1,-'ibr:r'g ll{iriJ':11:lr.\iri,.rril;i ii rtrrt

1rr-rilcsrir) " UnrlrIisiLii r:;tc ccr.criii i.l)r !]g Ir;lrusr.: iri:ta, t.r'ii,1ur,:lir.or tSrncs:i, ifaciLj, 1.1r.'oItt:t':rf d*.lci,.lit:i, liur.':r.'ilr: c,l:igrrruc ;i iroczii, Ciiuiinil irr vl,:1rilc l-ril.rli,-rfrr'ri uriiui:i.i;r';1io
tlur,.:o]_tcli olilr,r1e ciLlugii-r'iJci IIlLrl,,r iiir.a i-l.i;r ::t.co.lrrl rJ
-\ lte (pc tilr!) 1c r.:ii.ilc;rzi. irl 15{il lrr, -\,iirril r.rg , irrr-, ;',1;,1
rlin JJ9l,1ilcd;i, iirnp rlc r:irtci ritr.i, t"ctlrici'l lii rrrrircr'!;i;rti-it
riin lngols1.lr.lt. iLri:r"q, plrrli:51ctc irrlrrgrrr-'1 lrl -'l{+ r-cJLrirlr-: ,i
slrrrliil,,tl ciLrl;li irti.licie:ili1 \':lcirlttci r'rirri. - \r)l-l)i,)t.e i1,',.;1,1,'
i,n1l,rr{ltt.la FcJirg/rgir):r tr 1i,rczi,.'i, l lt'tr);'ir ii :,i :r lilri. rrlil ;,
l),

rltr-tl l()t'r)tatl'c;l sl)iIiit'lor, i,st,rt-i;r (l( r nl.rri, i I r, l'ui, I ilili,-(,rr,r iL i ,i ,r li,'rr,.i.

t rrlr'i lrl;'i{rrri rl, i:lr,ri;r

rl,

l.r ' rtt('

rl)r il'.trl

,,1 ,rr rir.r,,1,rrt,,

il1 ;frl,[]1rr)t. Co[c-

poefarunr

.:'

Arta de a
earrninum

face

- |,i1;l

versilrr

tr.i..t! i I

tr.;

et

nra-

)it itr:-

Ars versiiicandi

t1i

i,:rr.L;'l

t.)

1:."1!

irl !t. {ttctrrrrulrt il

lL.rrl.

i,i

1N7. r.r.;r

p,r'1111111

l,,,t.l gi,r llriLlt jllt{-

ir,giilr. tIirr r r.li. F:rlru trirti alc iubirilor. (Anl{}rfitn

{ibri ll') ;ri,rr irr Lirr'3 1,, \ii,rrl,i.i I. i,r I,ilti -.. 1,1rl,l,r:l l:,
i;1 r'lrsrl,rnrj r t l,' P;rlru crirli de odc (Odarurrr liLri lV) iliii r;r r.i:
I ,.'. 1,,1 r, ...1 . , .r ,i.. 1,.r r 1r,,.

( t:\'i\.t':\lilt ltosl'l-l,i l,t,til.t(l

ir t;t\{\;\ztL,t l}tN t\{.iot"S l'r\t) t'r
i

iillrgr;ti'rrt;

.r ,liltl ii

lj I,rz,,tt'it: -.i icrt!r.rgir; r:rL li.rltt:tsit.' r"'r:lsrri

u
rlrrrlri-rttstraliilc
:ia,lc 1i s* dcsirilLtlf;i iiilt-,, r,,rinn
ll,

.,

lriir: l'it.rrr;Lli, Ccrlrr.lt;i itrsii, ;r.clicii. {lrclt'{j:r Dr';l{rrr';,;',,

ilt r-orbirca ilL- Tinil, nt:stinjr-'tritiL .j lilr,'i';r"
l',r,r;'.irr (:sto miri ingllclii.ii il* i:r.rlcttfc |i rltrri hog;ri.;i
irr{Lrr:iii';L 1:rin }il,rclir.iica {,r1,-rsirii Lrttyirll.cl{rr, si liitn;i
.r;r 'rrriiiliLrlLi"t'si a|roalic cg^:l1i cl,l, of iliojlia llL'iL! llllnl(t*
li).r.si'1,:g-.1)uli rrh'IigLliiltr rl* stil. \ici lic ll1l.r, ttici !.]ti
,;,rrrLrlti nr lrolltiic si lc ni:Silijiiilt, tla.r 11c lit ittct:1titi.
ij{ll:lliai}i.! snll1-rlclc {loJi;.il.i)r trr:br.tir: sI f io f{rl:rr:i It si,
,'.r :it r-ir: ir-iil, nl,ritiiLii (jit lilrt'ltcfitr1vr:t:st.i.rilttr, J]t.: \'t'tliilr.r
,:tr i;t tli' :l"r.l;i.jlrri,'si,,-: sultlitttrt. iuciu,Lttt't: it inctti'r'il,t,r-,
';,',1,::ri;i,-si)li.r'ir.

rltviri{tr'lor', 1it:itt Lllc ,lr i:r

h:Lilr'. r:i)it;iil,tt'; iru" pt' Ill;i';iir,i
().rr
l);rini-l lluifl:i, rir,tp:'1. ct,,: striit-,hi I Ir:rl'ti.nrl,:St-:r,r v::t iri
ilitiiriL lrirr ucr:1i-r ?lii:t';ittl.tn'i, {.ri pr)t si. st' iitr-1t'rr1.ll,'.
rllrii .!rrltiillrl-i si tnrri itie.;:tilrl.i. Ilf;i)Lr-r) t't:ilCtriirl llii'r.'lx
{l'r.izli, o.i.lro l(ici,uri} {.rr'l,.lt'nlrri.;,rrlittt:i.l.iL"rzqrii. ;i orli,;l'i"
lrr slir'r.iii, ti JtLrt q"l. -- i-i,iir-:r-t lrt ciut iii pv,-li11 ii.lrt'rttil.i
;i, ;iiinijrl, mrrilal{ sr:liiti.}ril0r Y{jsl-iii il} {irll11l.}l-rllirrrr I
,)l)r)l-cl,)t i,-ri,ll iC,-r 1i, litr.rrar,:. cil!"igi'rrtlrr .1i llltri l](:iti rrl
,ri l-,t:tilittil,r;r, iltt ll,'tttl'tt li,lltiii lrrl lrtiiit:r ci citi.ii.t',. .

itt

rtl,-r

frl.itt;itsclc:l

;i

srr lilri,utii.r,ltrsc irpoi:

,\srr stini[.ltrcr:Lrr:i{r,, l}lr

i-risl, orlinio;lril or.uillrlicc i-i.rrLitirit'o1riiiclriltl.

ol,. i:r iri,-Cl'lll (.ti r,l,i,r.L.l(.i)r,ciilr,r.;i
1i1.i11 I.lr.,'irr tirnl,
.:'.', i :lllr t'irrtt.t.t.l(. r'rtr'lt,rliousr. )i irr{.otttrt iil, r.i,ir. lri;ii
(ik'lif ;rir: rLlr lLr:rttoltiri, (1{". cll'r. ircrci.t t'ir:stl r,-lr, iirrLr-1c
rirtit'Irrtli, irr*rrllij trn(,r-.rr-ilr..lr.[r'lrgr.tl,.si inclinlLtr.sl-r.r-r,
,llirrrltir it' si l1.trt. ltrr irirlrr,i,l lrL t1t.lrJ,;j si rrl ir.rrlc'n,rn
tit rr irrvitrr si rr stilrri lrr lri r-rr r.ri o llrrtiir.i rr..r'lil si
{rLi (! lniilt(' ;rl, r'ii
't r.rt.rlt t't: r';t l.ltr:r' (.r ,r(i.l .lgr.rr il,rl,. .r r ttt itrl,,lor. si ;r
irlt,ilor inrlrllrlt.i jir rrrirrt i L' r'r.rrrlr. :r rlrrrr.rr, l,irrii lrt
irrLjtlci lriririrtrlr: r.i pirfiL ja ll(|iirt(', si"l l.()rlt,ir:i('li tlic{.}.l1tl"ltil iot linriluL i'ittii, li lrqt i-.1 llc c(lrrr.;tt.ir: ilri tiilrlr,
Ar isiolr.l citti1 1'r'{]ortrrrutlll c,r tin.rr ii :ii fil itrsf r.rrili
a'f i n ir rn rorliii ci ntccl. lii r, I)r'()itr'{,f c t..ir', itrl ir:'.i irl..tn{ )1ti;r
X.lr', siitt'ttrlr:rtz;"1 nrititrlir {r{,[riilr-,r: fi. irr l)ilif.il sti il rl]irli!';r>('i ilttIirtllr ([{. ;l r'()t])l)lll}(' {'lt\ ilttijl i 1.i 1irr,'zii. Irt
stil;rit, ('('i.r. lnlri 1rr,il.ir ili irtr r'i litrrlri lrr,rrtrir rrrinqiri,rtlr
i.ritrt''i sttllllr.i:li si lit.rrtlrr irralllrlr,li rrrilr{ii rr.ir. ,,i^,r
.L::rt'i sl' 1;tr.:i'trrrzilil irt irtrrrrtti.l,'1 slrc.fit;r.lr.r,_iil,,r. ill l,r1lli.'{,-' lict'slor:l si cair' ii' r';rpr si(. \l)r'1. r'.ng,-iiiili rli\'irrr..
triLL ltcir;rsti ciruzli {-'r'tirti.L'p,r.riclf ,t f,rsl llui.ui.li rlr,
r'.ilr r-' [)f i.it.lrr]()rir si [)i.ri,:'rr , r't i rnrri rlr' .,.iinlir t'il,rzr,{i
;',,,it gt'lctr5li,

ilrl

farri"t r.lc

ltrlunri'r'Jr-.

'1i,'ii,,,
I Ilil :
l.;, r'i,titiir,'sir..,li.
.!

ltitii:i:ti,,uii:s it),1ti
.llirr,lrl {,ir/rr.

.1i,,iirr.;.i.;,.r],i:i

,\lu

tt,;blr.,ir,rrt

sr,rj

<piis.

r )l)1,_

(idtne Apok!, descoperitorrtl poczici,

rustlrd$-l sh vin6 rlin ltalia in tnijloeul gentlaltilrlri

i:ttliii' tt.l di,:ittti Lit't',
il;!,it:,ttn;l ltitt stt:tir,/'t 5i J,)iit,ltti
])c ili,:ft.ttXIt,l ttttsirit'i.'i:itiltil,lt: tit't,gtt,l
l:' i,t:t'si t l tt i,l u I o,: !

lir.rltt.s,

t.t

f-;L:;J-lri

t Ii uiit': l:l :tii t,t t, ti,i ilr j.!s )"i,i Li.J ]li ilta i:;s ti. i i i,,:11.
r).rtil-,t rili J',r;;,lcsrt;r ;i -!1,r: l,:i t ;it !t ! .
:

ir

ii:.

r, :,;-c.'i

(l

47

5i' .:1rl'('.\(j iri)i'l,rii1 ('utitiilt't

, itt.iri,

("ittlti ttrittttnl,! sult ri lttifli rt"t:t:;

tr', i t ,,1,'tt r, ltti;r r:.' .ut t ltt!t,.'tlr'
()i

it gitvLl ci

;r

{r-157 r52rl

lt't:.

tt l,t.rltru' tttisctti tiitttt. tt;i tt.t'rig /ittit.

.\',ti"l'lil,'lr,iitt
tl, /ttii;;ttl ftrr,ti,'.
I;

-l -l tlt'P: l:,'l(.

t'tti,t!i -tl L!; It;t:

1(i t i;t,tr

.sl

z,,rlsrr1.

L),,1,i sirrrirr.j rrlirii, r):ii. {il,).,rrii r:,ir r irt,' ;,i,,i,'lll I:a,,rLil1lt1r'ir c.]i:.1.)r'r'ril riin il;i-.1. I r;ii iiijlt
.r, rrt.llill;i.zi'L i,f Sit:e,s;lttit"g; r:lr sl.,t.r'.'llir' ;rl irr;r:rilr:i, in Iii i
:l rrtinlr.slc aicipr:1lt':isiLtits" (irr pL'cr:ri:u},irr-i jil,,lrgi,.t't, f itl-;t( 1r'r'i.ticq tlnalliliril.or, >,:ir,tsiilLu. .l-lllttt. f.t,:,: 1t'lrrintti't'i lriiit
lirirlr;r lrLiirrii; ;i inglijir i tlc i:rii!ir'. ('rril,.r'iri irr lirrlrrr i;iinr'i,
':'il :l|r-ntitnii l)t('il'lc 'l'.fiigir.lt:;a. Sr.:rjati:;r :rrt (li) LrliJr'li.'r;J
r,rrnlrrir Corabia ile!tutiil0rl (Das Nirrrenschill),1r,r.'rrr sltl jr it:
l:l(lilf) (lc \'.rl'suril r-q:ritfilt irr lirnlr:r gl'nrllllr:-1, irrririi, rrt ;:l
I l:) I siutulllrrr in n:rti-Ll ori:ir-a yi lrlrrlrr. irt llrl ittr';lt irr I llt7.
I r,1 i
ilirt ,,i:rrrri uttii.r trttl;l:i , iittii ( rr ' ,'\ ' L rr
',,'1r,,,,'i
rc ittt]rrtt',.'i'rrrii,,,t),lit,! rr'r , ('1r t,,r.r,t:i'(.\tlilrtrrrIl,ttltrtt,l)
r,,r', ;Ll)i.ri rictl.r.rl

/(it

t', ti. ::l)(ji lrLL:iil tti (t ilL;i.t't:,iiliittii

Itrrlltnuit di gr:t'i Vtt'rtsitrr/, !tt 1.n!.itr.

S,i of:'i;t',i si-rtr:rtl,t, slu,jil r/c rint:rt"
I JLI( i,it

"

ti'1i!,

, . ,,';t 1. , ,i, ,: nt, t, i

Si t'c-nl tti:;/i'u liit, li t:tr. /r,' ,,,,1 iltt.lr't: i
l t',ri t;rt. ii,;,1 tjt,! l,,t; /.,r, :i f,i.t.ri:,

1,''',,,.<1,.

-\,'(l/iil

'i.1,it ri.)nlillti, iti:rtfl llt.

, ,,,,.t.. /,, + ,
,llil:l

ii

\']!l.ll

1t.'i1l(1

izvllir.t:llrr- lr:irti1:tlc

rl, t \ ( rlrl, l)'{rt

, ,rl, l),)1 11, .i1, ,,tr'\.r/

, r,
'
"
' J.r 1,t r"
, ii), 1|l rll,lrrl
I
]ll ,l' ,,lil|11r,,,rr,
i,ril r\',ti, ,,,1 ;1 l) rL ililrlri,
I,1,;t,/, ill,rrlr
,r
1,r ii s,rr'il1lc: clr't it:i )i ir('gttit(.)t i, tt,rlrili -i

rrilt.r i,rr. r n

r't;ltt irir,.11'l11-1:rtii (irt.r ii i trl'j1rjr.:r., ;rllrrr't.rt i rir"

- _.i.l'tlir;gii
iir. qrccr'\r i rr:ir',rlilolrr,, ()rft'ii c crrrrs]rlr,r.ltl irrrir.,,!,.iq
li'l{. {11.t..i

[.ii[..,ur

l,t.,rl,i,

r |l 'ltt t ( l;t i' rt,rrt'r '1, ,t 1".

I
ri r/,t llt,lrll
rLrllri r,,.r ,r' , rl,1,,'r,trti, ' tr

t;rri yi i-ru,-'rit:tL'i. i-losch (1150 - 1516) il LL'r\1.it1- rtir,.'lrt.i stLl;ilr L

;n t:rbluLrl C*rabia nebuttilor. Zrrgrirvilrrl. lor t'-1,-' Lrrr Priii'.i
,li' Jl.r'czcn.til:r: c:r'ilicii, il nrr)rirr,rrLiior', lt iii,sct'i,-rii c:rlrrJiL r:
.i ,i intptr-iuLui. Ir-ilr ci sint irrsl.L viizntc;i licii e('tl(irirl ()lc,ll rl:._
i., ltts, l:ic,rnric. 3"q:rrri'r. tltrlr,-t Itt1.r't'c, iri1,l;,,l:_1.,l*
r.\tit lir.llLant cil si LL lllronlrs ]lrrlnlr',.lolo.int t,rrrrt,rrul ,,rrcbrtnie" sj nrt j,srrr in.ittllii ' irrlri int.rc'btt inJlt irr
ullinril r-lt-rttc) polllrlr ci ct'l clirltii, r'lr O sf('rii llrl'ti !rrIl;r '.i
r:r.:rrr.:flt,tii rlr:li. l){l.l'rlrr, c,)l-r-'s}}1111('i1.' tll;ii l;ittC t)t,t!i, rtirii lspLri. llic Icllllii:(.tlltiit '- ltL itclrrttti,-i.
.1

ir:i,

p:rlinrr :uril,iirlrri

iirsr;.i, iriir'rlirlriir

iri 1.,1ii1,,1{ r'rrf i-

(li ill()ilii.,.1, l',r',lit i)i ,i.:r:ti:'r.ri:,ii-i i.rs'ii\:rl :i :rtiliitttiirtiir':;.rli,

tlir.lltt:.{ir1. i,,r'rtiliirrl ir;tr', Piilrli{i!':rii'{jn(i'i'i
tliiti'arilrrti
i,t-ir}
arrrr,r'i
iii'
l,r'.sirrii itt t,:.i rr:l\iriri^ l',r-iltt;Lli, <lrtt liil,lit,
(1i"
r111lq i 51rii li'lrrliii;r
li,i,rrllrr';j. ()i'si.'l'\'iiilt iil ll'iliinrtliini
ir.ri.irti r r'i',liyli;1 s( riii{'ltliti
r';-r irr t.r;rrllttl ('li' ri r r'r.liti. :i
r

i,iirrit srl'{rir}:r ( i' i r .\ r rlir . t'r-r'! r,!r :i iltltlli,iir di(llr( Lir;'r ;t 1i:,i.ntLtllti: iir 1l'iiri:r lit r ir'rri,ilrti iir. ;r li l';'i\liilltrit il,
r.i i.i rtr t[iliri lilctrl rr'lrri ri \ir sli-:' I Ir'irrrLr. ,.('liti],i{t-1.
;rrr,.l, .i;rilrlt 1,;rll,
(Il',; l)!a;11t 11,ri. tl,i 'iz,rli"
lr,'tiri.
i:1:,1,,1.
irr,l.,

l'. tt,.f',,1,'si lt'r! t't, tt /;'r,sr't'i'.

( !rittt r!t /ttt't',titt si tu..ilit!/t'tt sittt{,rit,

lliisf;lultL. itll(r-os _li g;'ijil sii-rri .J:i1,

(',i(i illlj'(1. .higttlio;
t;t-trs
lisrt/"
( rrttr itrsti lttr:rttl ictl /-u'inJ'iin^jrhLi,itl,
l'it (ioitttru/ st';'c-u-l rirtsli .si-tl lrottii !,ii:
t'r,lrttt:;t' tt-tttt!, ttiIi :itn!i lt' lt t'i'iL:ittt,
',i ttit t' i't'r'tt!l itriai ltt,;I't i ittt ft i;t;ii
.

1'r' iris//.ri .l)tt)11v11-t {:lti';tt sj)i'Lt til!7;'/tr:''ii'

{), si lttltu,fsr'l, .(11,r. iitl tttii rtsltt4tid ,
! 'i, tt/ iu t',i rc rtt. {)(Lt't-t! l}t Sdl'/s-ri. t! n't lt li
/.rrs irt.sii {(!(tr ltlr ti i, sri rlt il',.ir itt::t:t7 .

{'rilcoft5i ild{:i'tui Llttt sti ltt,lii',rsi:it,

{ )i' (tt, lrt, f)ttilntt::Ltr tttri i'iti slttji

I t!, t )it!tt (ili'itll

.\orr oi'

i r lr{r;ri ttI

Drzvir:ovati rea Poetillui

.\''',/,illi:;t ft;u;;l 1 ,'tti,'lI r, i,l,il'sl,

lttt.lttt:,i, l,itt',.1' trt )tu ;:t' ttrftliil, ;!r'.
(.'L/ ct )i-n;,lLnltlil-1t i';il()i' sitttltt ii,
lttt'i f>rcu ltiit','i'ti,,:tti i;r li;,g, .!(r .{1rr:.
> i tttitt'i rt t ltL:/ I rt i i ri i;irri;l li',
^l ru ri.'i,t'i {' illJ .ii'.\li{ {'il,/tri//rr ;
ji lut,t'ttl i/ti'rl(c Sn:rl si ilr'.rlirlrrl
()itri{ lrt'ltrl ltri. tritiiil,' 1-iri lti;ti:,t1.

{)

li frt';l 1'11',,,1,r1'/,l,ili1 (:ttttt,'i!

t', r'ri rtitlitrtli':t l'iti:.;|,: :;f't, ,, i t;iii,t.

l','tr tlr' rr:;

.\'rls /i il,'ltl

('Lit

ll)i i.,/,'r' \i.i I ttst!!!1,

i t',rtitri /-ts li

.1tt:,1

ttritit:ri!

rli ;irtiii,

5i-tt ttit:i iLn l'.'I ir-.1r'.fi f.rtltti .tir /,ri.

{'it. it'tl.!e-tt i tt t;t; . t lt ni sr' Jii 1'rr
I l)irt: Sr,lrtsii:tu Iit.r;ti. ,\.lt;'iri:ii,!r1,,'. {{, ,Lrr ..,,1, 1', r'
I'i,ir .tr,r'. !i. lliiirr,r l,rl.- .iir.r iirr lrit(i 5l.ili{r.iiri'i. \.,.t i.i . ,, i,:i
.,' , ;/ J', \' 1J.
\\' Sirltlt:ttrii. ir totrr', r .rl1,
1.

1,

tttttlit! t/,tr.il",, );;iili!'.

!tn i tti'i !ir lrr t'ir. s.f itt lri

l)t srt.l'ltl sl r/r' ciri.rli' (i {'rri,i)tl!i,
.4 t:t.'i'ttl tti ftL:tltt:t'fisii-rtsttf';'ti-',,; r,,,,,r.
Iitt, itt a)'c({inli. ilu i't't'il!t .\-irr1 i,i'i'i, i,,'rr;;
l\I ii I'rtg,1,'-l/i,i'crt.,-ri('tt )il, t!t' rii'i'.sir:iirr".
[),' 1,tt {-'('-it]11 .!arl'1.s, Sit t:t'tit.,itt lfut}ttr.i itj)t.:
('tt,'itrltrl ilti:u sti nu tni-l sliint!ti:.tt riu.
{)rt r slt'u: t'islilutii,-:i-i'ttt' i.i!t:tt1 sirr,
,\r' i',,1 plitli t.:tt. t't)':{,r-.nuurL'r ir{t!i
|)iti citrt-tl!'ittu, tttltyttt-1 r.,17 5^1i-.1i sr'i,iJ1ril )rrt ttrr
I'titt,i f i' ril di''t t ii)tit'il.
.1.)lt tt,'tt rlt,rti' it .,;,,i/i'./r, !tr':;.i'r':il.
(tiir, '' irt i,,. f't,itrlitr,l,tti. t:t,,,
'l)irt,ri, l'rr, ,t,'f,,i j,lt;l ,rtr
t:ii

,'tiil .i, i:ttl

I i, l;t,i1 !)tttt iti !tt'1
I.t, ti tr ,; ::ii.ril, l, ,lit,t, it,litrir,l tri;rt,"
( tt'i'ittIttI. iit!L!Li.ti (ri1 r/-{.r sri-)' 7'.111ri,,1,
.\l tr i',t-)! llrj t/ : r,1.;r 1i, ;rr{ \,, l,t .r
{-,ii i tttt:lt'i:t' i'ti , {lu fti iri /i'i,rl.
('.: .l't'1 i{,i: ftttut;it , t' sl;'itlt Jric1 rjill.
.i t., itt!i 1;i,:! ;ri//r,/:,r'",..,r/i;7,11,: ;;',,!,1i
(.'i'-rrtl .frsl lfili.q{'i?-i; sitt,i'ii i )i'\ti !it!i'.
{ it sittttt lrti . t't'itttt'i- l,;r"Oslii;'r'rri:
('rrtit:rr ti-i tigii t'i! t:rtl;.ii! t'l iu {.il'i.u, i
('i, ti ttf i-,' i:lif i " tttr 1-lt:t yttti i,ri,',,'1j.;
!--rt.;ti. i:i"titi;ti . titt' ,1"/ir:,|,1 'j.:.' i,il,lit'
.

t.4

-,;',il

{1488

| 'it fiii'it, /)"t-it.ti tt/li-l Lllt ,,:i.' it)i' yi;,,

l' i, ,.t. rrtiitti, tc j;1ttyl:,:;1t i ,t;t :.i I li:.
l.\ ,tt i'i ft,:;1rlji s,i.i lt;:;l,it;t i,r ,,,,i'.,
'| irt .ili cr,: //r: #p.:l,tri ,ii tiC-rr.!i1lt,
"!.':.',-:!

;tt't'il;tilt

(:!llt,

ttt

*tt

N'tt;t,tslt itti.t,:!it utiLl t' lL rt./trL::1i.

'.
l),'.rlrl r;,i
il.r]. iti-itri',i i,J.rti ntil: .,t)ttii

Jliri:ttlt, i!r, ii,t'tl-rti i;t'ij,i ttiii,'

Hrirrritlr

i'.ti rttt t'aiirtttt(/ si l itt,t p,.. D:t1tit,.,..,.tt,

t' rr t:lttli.it t;i I tlt-:,ci l', t!c tLt t:it st,rf .

\,' ,/,,/i,'sl, ar! )tlfllti.,iil.q .\i ,il i.ilt,.1,r..
I ti; i it,'ii l:t l.

i':tt

lS{.ilir

t,.(;11,-ii.

i;t. ;'i'..i

tt,ittrt i /trll,t',1i,, si llll-l t;ittitttt,',

trtt iliitt(t. {rctttttriir,l,i.-tt

() :,t'ritri: IJrrtttl - s-u.trtlii'sifit'osltt/tti.
ttt ltsltri.'
I)tti. tr.st:rtllttti, ru it:itrt:,,tLr fi sLi lit,
;'l'tr lrt-ttlclt:fit,
. .r., _.
ct-i ltittt: sti sL slril :
r/ .,
.. It lttut
t \ tttr ittlir-i,,t"
11r's1r'srrlrl/.1

:rr';rl

I
I
I

jii l.,rtr L,,r'i., i;i i,l

lr{Llrr( li.r

(;iii-

si rrruzir:ri, scrii-. pr,i:zii lirt 1511 i il(, 11r1{1!iit: sii

ju li;rsr'] lirrrlril* lrrtirrii si gt:c;tci, irlLri:

1,,!uir.itC ll PlLr.is, irI

I

l" i't,,':,'i sri-i ft't! i:ytiii1!..ilc oil t! e: t:i i,

l). ,,i ,,ilt,rl,r r/ r'l/ r/r'\/r !lrit:t'tttt,,.
rrr/rir ,i iltitt,',ttut \,t ntl .r1,,\r'rrrrri,

t,,,.',1,r

I.i.t

,i isilr'ic,

11i11

qccc,lLLl

1517

-1522

l5']f) rslC i)ri)l('s()r- (i!' rsli)l'il

I i,c.n.] si r'ltr Descrierca

sr

}':lvtlie i

zrr:lr.ii'r,stc l1f:i cli scri6zit;ft.rr g,t,tr:rlrrltri. ii rlielir;ir' lLri

Lr irrlgli, cu cilrc i.ra. lriot(:n ilin 1o0S, ptiLrciprtl;i srr cLt:lttie"

rirl,.i"cr,lcDorra*Srfideelegii iDunclegiaturillifuri 'li1{ii.

r,

t,

1,

,,.;rr ,r,lr, r,rl,. i l, r rl,,r

1,1,1:til{
I,,l,lt,(,t

Citre Erasrnus diil Rotterdant, ntnuritoarea

glrrie a belgiltri
1lilligntr,lrt

fi

uni'ca

f)tthir t:tutt utititlt'Cit:rro cs{c & "liorliri tttindvit

trttt dintaxLitiit'rrl glas !o'int'o A[tnil spori,
Ia I.[t.tutrtnisntttsltllil, lir:17tti:::;ttrli tr, rr;r. ciirrir,rri.sli: iltr Jt,tt.lcsr'rr si .'\{ tr: lrt {)tt ltr "

-f

.)i11; .jll:i

1,r ro-

Al
\u

\( l( l5( ) lt

i\

l"

[i

{,rN{

( ) I iS{'t'

[i

ll {),\t{!,tN{

l l ;i

1,.'li' 1,, ; r, i,rl , "

lirrrl,ru.lrii u (li'r'nruttit.'i'' {ficrlnati.rt tritt.;trrl)1ii gi'rrrtlrtii. illl'r(,ri

,! i iSi'irfi'

i;lt ll0s1
l,ti|il sttl
ll',rr tt:t, sl
il rli
lii i
ll r,r' ttzl
rlr

.'rr liiir'l'i1ut" l{rl,l\Lri si eL'rlrici'r.

,r;'i-, li;t'r'l r'1, ... i:'l;,t ,r r.r' il'rsL'.itt lr'rtlttti. qi crr ccrr'rr.l lrrl
I {,1lli'..e,'' 1;r Irr13-r.ri:-1;rrli. :ri}{}'t
)stilrtt:lir filt'l,i'lir:t, irr .lrtr:rirrl
i.()tlillt t'1r'.1. irt ltri:r'iil'i {li, glir-

1a lrit

rIil. n
ri.i iirr{.
I

rr

ili,-r

{llri:i
Ir

li

( r)rl\\
lll

ll

t Ll

ll

,l
li

ll r

rll irtl)lltli

rrit ilt li s.i ,llirl tllllii

lilll:

i)lli

l.ljr,lllr r' ri ll( ii

llll|t
iiliil,,t,
i,'rl,rl,r'
li, ,rrr :,t r, rilrt;ritttililri,.r r,rlrrl :\lri rir,ll.
i. (itt: i,i
;l(( l( irr ri,ri,l,t.li1

tit'rturri Cl.i.stilisl,trtlrri. i\r.siiirtl r1u IItrrr';rtit iu tli',. iu i.:

.:rir', iritpirrtiLtl.ti:rr-':"i lr?itr.'t".;r lrri lit'rrclriin, (;r1' -" lr'1'rltrrrii
['i,,uiLr sir]f ir.tiil. t.iir-lilii; iili.'r:i.i1ii:i:. il ,:{rlrli'lttill-iiit'r'l'jirlir.r:.
rr;|,1lrsr:r,litltti -i :r (:1,rl,f. i'1 t11;11rll t,,lilt" '11i,.
j
!ilsliri1l.
.liutLr'!;{ilr
.l1. l1,1,inqi, itri
,1,'trzii, irr- r..at.r'i.: ['iu, irr-ltr;r ii {]
e1i irLrLlttti1Li, rirll irltlilic:,1.' sffis{!i il. tlr iirr.lir;i.j;tirt' tr}i irliiifl
cii.. liilrtt-:lrlirr ditl ]tltlri::r iiri.l llt ltr.i l:i si cit.: l.rtrilii t:t'''tiltrlii :r
{ilLt(if)ti: Scrisori ale unor oaile $i vt$titi iClarolt!ttt vil'orurn
e$istol{rs, ilil.l)1it. irt'.' 1'11 til'l: i-r Scrisori *le rttroi' oal$etlI
'itultri iHpistt!a* illustrirtttl virtlr!{{li trLtlrlir.irir: irr t.i i!ti.
43

lijrL'r'it'ri i] ltrli;,,i lrl It,lrt:lrlin ric r.r'r,;:it; iurlriri:'1ii J:ulrr;'ii

jil srisiiii.
irrritLir! :t irit.tri Prin 1i'l;itir.'lr ,,si,ti!-t i luill jr'e" 1,,r,rili;r
,ir.r:j;lt:riir t'rllici1. isi JIL rur;rlrii Srlv ill slli-,.rri1l lcl r-tslitl iLri
litLri.hlirl. 1ri1 tili.r gr-rrit ilc ulliutiiiii iiin r,.:i-i:rrl tlr: ltr lt.t'lLLlt
rrrrlilicl"i ni)lc s(rrjsrrr i i ir'tir-i,, o(rnc(.i)ir1.(. in sPilil jr:jlli(i,).i1r,r1[t,r:1 ic irr:;ilIi.ii'.rrr] iiri i'iclli.'rlio|il.,;i lt:'rirLrili', rir.'r'ilrtli,
lr'r.i'\lll, tilrti' rr('lilr,rSr'it1il Scf iS*ri ale unor oatltefli ob-\Curi
4tipi:.tolae obscuforunl virortlnl). \ r'lrirrrLr I I ;rP;r ltr in lil5
iirt lilti r;i 1;r11,lir';i r,lililr rr rl,,r,r 1n', !i1i (i\'l1u irlra,n(lj.r'j;
lrrlrirrrrrl ll ;rrrlrr.r' jn I517. ( ri,1l,r lill)('ir1)t.i (nrrnrr'lt 1.lr llilil*
;ri:.t lrl lLri f olltlttt's .[ri-ilr'r', IlSttl . - l.:;ljt):t iy rrilrr rllrr;itrtrl .I, 1i L llich t'ltt .l Ittilt:tt .- ])tt1'{ I tL ;tl)t'rtili(.{'l- \.!)lulii(,liif
i;i11 .-atrl,.istct.'i nlliirtlt,.rrl;tnlirlinii'(';rrri()tiilr-.lrtLri,.)lJ{r'e
;iitif;ra pttl]licirt(: srr'i.) i.t11.-)li]r-r:ti, J,rrcllt,l jlusl,r,'lrzi (lfg!'iiil.rrca Jlrur-al;i si irrlrlcciirxl:r ir,a.il','crs:ri'ilul lr:i lituclrlin"
-i,'iitrtlLtliLii sr.'i'isrrlilo.i: Jii..tilr., iprirli:i, r,.itIr:11irli. lcuiogi).-,\l'r,rl('cr.il]o:rcnli. l|nifii cii t1i.r s-:rii ilrrsl-ral Iriil ilit ri,
:tirlrilr.ii ()u.,c;r-rr!.i.o,r1'e" oIiniili:, ar:iii, iniiiii.i.t, ;riliq;r11i'jl1
, rli,ri Prrilr it, lrrrul lricl:rtillt", l,at-ar: jt jsniri J rrr,.rrr:ilr;r1 ;i
iil,liislintr:r sirlll-:.iL:ij. iti sc-:ril.:-r,sr:lrzlj rrit.iri cjll-jc u,rrllirlr
t l,r-1r'irrrrs (ltrrtirrs itr lrrlil:t s(til(tiilt;;l 1(r(.)1()F-ilr)t- igloi'llnii,
.;ilr' ,. ilu :ii. iil lt ij,:r' rlr' lL;tiit;tii, i Iii1l,i,li ltll t' (l(. ril,lltr.tillJ

li)r.,-

S('lil;.()l(I .\i.1.- L;\Oii (),\1i1.,\t

OliS('L iit1

iI.ng-rilcittc)

,\{a.gistr*l Bernhardus Gelff, untrl din cei rleinsenlnati, sdnitatc Magis:trulrri Ortvinus Gratius
'l)r,

il):1il(' -i rt,rlrili. (l()nilt,,1,'ri rrrr irr)l ( trrrostitrlij.

Ji roi, r'it ptitr':;t('.llr'l's()irtt;t, {rittisi r'lr l,rirrr,l r.t ! Lll(,s(-,
rr ,

I .ljirr: J)u,r r-,rlLtttti|;1 liltisl,tl1111111,. ,'lt:t ttt,'tu)tt , /tttt ti,t j

Ir.l" ll.lI. Or-ttri, Cratiurrr. .\tt iC(r l(,'I)r)r r' r( l( r l:r, ilt rrrrir
!'\c'.rsil & I ttrettrtlis rc'purgata " Cluilrits olr sl iIi r,1 ;rrr.irrrrrr.trl i
.irniiitnCiucnr adir,cirnn; in cltl.i:c. ])iliJrr,ltrr)t rrrir', 1i,:tirrurrr
L'r't-tilitis saliills rL'farllr1r. li,rll,r1, l;71. irr tlrrrir.rtr':,tr'rje
:\l it i lit, C it !t.t.

l. rrrrrlt t[t' r:inrl n]i-lrll tlrLt scanur dc

clrttzlr '\'{)lstii-r.

{(' llrrrlr('sl-c cauza clf diilti)i inrpc'trir';L lui lolLilritrs

lilrrt'lrlilr fi sint ir ltoscsirL intregului lir'ocis. Si t'Lr mii
rrrlr rrrrI zilnic crr curtcnii 1i cu c:opi,stj.i carr, il upfil"it
1,,' lo;rlllrt:s I(ctrclrlin si cinCL aairst lrlL'silg'('r, rr(iricii.l(,1'
:ri 1i1'1'71'gl1rt, mi-lr spll-c c:t vI{rir si l)lecf ilt Alr'nratiilr
.,i li rtlc dc fiicuL un drLlm prin Colonia,:ii1i1r.('i i.-ilttl
ril)ll{:,.,Pc 1)Lrmnczcrr cc1 sfinl, ali \'ftlir 11 siL {i.lc cilri.(,s:,,tirrtri cu ]Iirgistrul ()rtvinLrs, s,i-i sct'irr tL;urit'j srrlt'
lllir r,Ilisioiir" : atrtnci,cl zisc : ,,lilcc'ij-o, in ruurcli' llri
1)rrllllrcZCu, ei sc Ya. b',tt'rtra ntltlt si mi-;r sftts cincl anl
lilt'cat clin Colun.ia: Si spincli tutriror lcologilor si
lrrnrislrilor
si artistilor .,i tior't ilor cllc sirrI lrr Rottlr
- 9.r
sir-ttti.
sct'ic. Fii:rclci altt tnirrc Ilicr rc cr-r l,irlrrrti irri iirrli si cnrc sirlt hinc celificrti irni sct'itt cpistolt' ;i
iiricl t,i ,scr"iu aie, aturrci cu adtin irct,lc scristn:i si ctuliir
rrcci.'u fuc clin cle o cftrtc f i 1)nn sii si-: tiliirrcasci\". I-tinr
r.lins cil: ,,$tiLr foartc binc {iindcir rtm rl"izut bitt'-, o

( .rr(,

t :u'to cr1'c sc nu111c$tc ,SC;'rsori fl1t: 1r/?or o0lllcli; o/;stttt'i'

.,i rrrrrlt rrrir rnai incintiL cinti o cittsc Iiirlclcir r-stt strrilu, it rlt lrLrnli. ar.ind in cutilinsrrl ci c1c nitdi: sit scoti
)(' n t l'rr lnnl.tc sribiecti:". [)c lLcc'cn, i\l ag istrcr Or lvitri', r,i
l
t(ril [)(r r-k.rtrinilt \"o]sl1:r sit ]ritcr-oillscii a mi l.r'c'ii sit.l,
r,)rlirluilce lrri {iirrtlcir sir"lf trn cxtt'arrrrlin:rr p{}itizitn ir I
\'()stlu si t i irrirt'sc tlc t'r.tcrczrtt. Tla cliiar rrr trtirtrisi
rr;i lt'coitlrtrrlrLlilrti lorrnnt'sl)fr[[rtliot't.t,lr llirlrrliiLrtltrr
r.,i ;rcrrrrr, ,lirt lltir itr', l,olr'z:rl irrlrtt llri',to:-;. ('ltt'lt'lr
r,ir ('i l,,,rrtl,i tillrrl .ll"tt,rt',,t ltti l,,,ttttttr. ['J't'1.'f'tt'fu,rn
ittrf',tl1i1',1 ,/,'.f',tirtriiril,,r'ttti ,r lr''.1 :rrlrr:.,1i. tlirl ,\lt'llllrtlirr
.,i :rrrr citit o irr irrtrt'iiirtr'
;rttt itist't)ttrlrt ct lt'tlt'trtttl
rlc no[lt, lra iLtrr fircrrt ;i 'i intrtgir i p(' mar"giltc" $i
i rr lrlLlltc n1-i'rn1 irlcs cri cii-irtr-o irscttlcllca cartc. I)itil

Ii:i:lluic sli-i mai spnttcti cir cxisti u11 fLtncliolllr lI

ilrl;idmiratol fiLrii pclcchc al hri trolltlincs Rerrclrlirr. lil irrsLr;i cxtragc alltlmitc i)ilsajc clir.r
sl.is-nrinritir cll tc a lui loriutcs Ffr:{fcdioln si lrc'a sit
ftratc cii in rr,-:i:str ltasajc o partr usto crt]zic, iirr rltrt;t
crirnir clr:: lczmajcstiLtc. Si mai splltlc sri sc inslitLrie:
i nchizitiir inr'yro t rilir l u i Iolnucs Pf{'{{cr1ic};-it c1t pi-i1'ira
!l c't czi.r si lr cr:itnlr tic lczmajr'strtc.{...}
cr.rrici crrc cslc

50
51"

llrr:r,:,rs{.t, l)il.}'il.glir.l(: sitt{. tt.-..itltsi';t.it: licttr:hli.trictri1,rr rcl,rli{.r);u'(t iir. r:l t:tir,'i, ',si Lr ct:i r' itt,ur"riii tlt: clintir r-ltl
.i{.r,,.t}t:r.i(1,(l.ir.ti., iiCli.:::lt1_ic {lii.}:cl {,'i.} \ritie Irii .l)tilr}Jtttz,. r-r, !ru
"r

i',r.,1

{t.+.qs

, r)u ( s{.{' si iru vir f i r-Lilct:it'ltii.

Pritiurl fu'tgr,r.{

'/,i,',., lit:ru:j1}ipiauUi: r:i fr..rlrln,i.s J)]r,rtIt,iL,rr:r i.n

ir:r.r'tr'r s;r itrtituh ti .lf il l's1v,' L+ l ; i l' Ltc,tttt c s Itj'L:ii'L: rlttsr x'
ititfrit'it,ittt,l,t.f,ifuuiriIot,, in Iipisl'olu, tri.lrc.\ii;iolt'1.i1.{r.:tt
sir. /-r',rir ill -\il-/trc, Sr.tpt.'crtrtr l. l-'i.r'i.ttiri. sli.r'it-strl,.ttr ltiirsfc*
rrrirr si cri.mi (1.(t j.(lztt.tlij{rslai.c t:irt.rl il tttittt,'1tc l)rl l-r;1.1.)[
.lrrii{,rl;:c l. rlr.tnrnltlui cu. 1i crtnr,;lr: Ji o ft'iul:ir'. l)rccum
*'itirir cri ltulnili o iiatii o Jrrmrliu tt Iust 1ta1tii, liici astfrrl -si'r-ir: r'i i'u plrr;1,{re{rrl ini:ii, r}ulr}inr-i r,;ailar Jic Setl{lfi{;ifr)ir S;r I,rciiit.oi-Li: rt tlontr:uh,.i trr.ist.r'u 1ir' 1t;itlrint
si sln.irrit.i-, Si a,,:r:si: ill.tlrgrrll cr.t1..riiti1r: in sittr ir cr{-'z;c
{)()ni.r'lr i:ii lr-'r-rlt.r Pft:f[ct'l.lrtt'tt trct. -ii"t li,tilttrr:, r]ar:i nu
ir:pr','s, ;ilunr:i irnllli.cit" cir irttrc:rgl. Ilisct:icir ;l. .jr(,'si{.
tl:-i,,'irr,l 1irrlti. o l:(.rl]t(:i(-; fiind lii:r-)ii:il-i.I cr)tl. i.lliri lll;11{l t'1.r)iinr'. , rr,:i ,'inr :r.iii'trri cir. lij.scli,-:i :'l:rt:its{f , (')t{l d,-, J,rrltt
.ilr Ir'( 1i, , r.,rsl)lilt,l: lrlr.i itt.t.r's J)ilrlIJ'trl'lirlt:ll . ilcoilrtcrr lILl
(.;lr' rrrr lrrrrr :1r:rrrr;'il i,'*i ttrt :r ittlr'ir's llriittr:;tt', l1 sil)l"rliit,
,r.,r 1,.r;r,r r ,1. rl(' r',( lurl i'rrritritr. i';r..ti ;\l'trzlt; ,irt'i, tisll
( nl)t:r :rl/:i1 ( l rl,' l:r ,rltii,, Nllt)tll(' ilr rt:;ittt l', ittittit-rc,
(:tl. ('x{.t(tl)lilt t:''1,)t r:r' lr', lrtti,' :;;i lit r'\,r'lr{:t{r"'ilr: itiiiltl
*lc llltttiti.tr:t:i l:r'.gttlir:,,tlrr t)url{r il} rl:'i. lir: l}r'ittJti ii}iL'
f,:urini.n, tliir r:xt:t:lttcllzit, Itlrl-i litu]tc.". l)e ttntlc Iri{istl
r"lln: tr.i. Irlir.tttters llfr.:fft."lliol n in J)r:a,zcIrlr-tl iratlt st't:itl ,:a
rrlr trl{}lo.q: tllr: ti:ologii. tttt. st,r inglijt:sc (lL' Srrtl}lilljc{"'t
fiiri,lt.:i inr L: t'lt tlonrcttin]. iiit'.

152:t}

t,

\1
I\i-,.:iil.
::rii

jiti:'.",' j';r.tililir: \t:rtll,:. ri:ir-sij,ili,:iii. l;r i 1

siitr itt rliiiti-'istjt',-". i.;ii- l;r. l7 lltii I'tigt

(.:1.ir i r irlis r'irr 1.;rl;ii-l

,i'.:,ir'i. I nirrttz-:i o r,iltlil,ll ttclr.3t'inil'i,.i '.lc;trir-lii q-r:i,t'r:ttru.

.r.ir.rrirjr'r"il.iirln, l:lrilli, \:iln.r. l':tti:r, 1iu1,lgnl , -lii]litar.
\ r'rrr 'i ir,.i - l)tr;i1rr';rj.:,jii tlc jtlol'.1.\ru.1"i1.., ,.,.le,iitlri.i. sct.ie clti1;i:lrrl-t:,
.ri rli;rl-,rtrri'j liiiicir-'ricali: tlir:ijr.ii: urri lt.lr.'s ilr.ir,;*
;rrrrrr ii. rL.
-I.:r
il:lit1t1ll!i tlt'il 5rt{'.1Jl.:ir.) ilr!i, ric Ii+l.rtrtrf;1.
trr'ir';r r'rliri ili;li,lr\.
Ii ':;rr'{' i) r'i'{irir'.'ir J:l trn r.]ottl'iii:i. i.:trilll-'i'itr'" ,\pOi cSi:C ;','u;:ls
,!.. r':r . ,l:,t iirr di-. tlzr:ii: i:i rr:1ig;.o;li{.). tr.i tlrr 1-.osii;i1-iliLlrt:t r'l,t :t
llili_:1 irr';1'1' trr;i, ilrr]t,-ri.r'i',',.t. i a.lnl e it j,.iit.i:riL tlct':riin.i;t, , I ri'liL i',:r'rrti
r,,i..: i li,lrtli lliil-jir'l(r ;ri 1.'t:lrrciilii. iit-arlir-i l \'.'(l(r ilt
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'lilti firliit'r.t tc'tlj:t.tritr, 11,-Lsi.rti irlrll sr,' :rlii1;i"i.,iL-,r i'tr.:t,jJtr.,r,
1.rr,r;p, fi,: r:1.'.;i.1,;i'iiI lillitiz r,-,ti Sii,.i;i:rtqrtt i14-q1 "'15!:i) i.:lti'r:
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,lr :,rir
,in sniliiul lrri [.itr:itrrr . i;tir'tttt rrillLut Ciritnli,a cu dialoguri {0espri:lcitlriiclrlein l5lilr. lrul,i slc'ili, r 1 r'
iLLi -{ l:rnz r{-rlr Si(rliiilljr:n .-- iIlrti('jt i sl' rrilli'.r':tzii
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Cirtre cetitr)rul

lti.

cirtrlliilor

urntitoare

I;itt nott tt::i tLl.tt'rii'ttl s-o ;t,rscl/

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{rislsl si Ilrislr-;s, si r.a s1rl.rlr.r'ciL i.oti clr.ltiirii silr I r'iir.
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rr (;i inliuIi.il r-i'LlLrSirlul iloltinicltr J.rliantr 'l ctz.r:i. J:-ltr:'t,.r'rrll

ici, I"lctltrric ce I intcl.r:p1., ii inlclz:istrsc -..i r) f;.rt:i-r
t,.r'it,.rlir:l carc-i a.liat'tirrca, rlar- tczclc lui p:i{rutrd si iilcj,
.t intittrl iLrdiglarca lui l-utlrer. ll'ctzcl sust;inea, cii pr:in
rrr,lrrlgcuflr culDpirat:r, cmul rcdoL,irld.cste, olicile ii ilii;.c
l),r)irt-c ar Ii conis, 11c\.ino\ii!ia 1111i1i prunc a.bia bolcze,f,,
,'ii. rf i11 in,ihilgcn]'c se Pot icrta ;i pircalclc cclor r:,rrti.
t'rt inlcntia clc r" corlbale praolica inrlnlgcnlclor si cotrccl:triiltr cllc lc jus{.i{ica"u, Luthcr rrca, conlorm uzantcloi:1-inxprrlui, sil puril ilroblefi.ii inlr-o tlczbrterc public&3 in zii:a
,lc 3l oc'irinbrie 1517 af iycazir pc uia bise ricji caslclutrui eljn\\iitfcnbcrs 95 clcr tczrr culc r.lljilitLr a soLyi tlrcpL l:nz.:i rr ,lisI'i.r r, itt

(1183-1545)

1-,11

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i urrui rrriLrt'r sir-\,rr) :r t:i-ri'rr.i lrunirsiru'e

I rr-.)i!.r.r tlr-r.pLai,i\l;,ili-irtl.trthcr'.qitttliiL,*c la f ir:lur-t (1501 15051
;!rilLl',1c j*.r:idicc si arte[,-r liLrla]t" il tirrrpul11nf,i fLu'lnn.i
t n ctt :clLrcirr-i r'lirc'tricc (1501) , stirpitrrl it cliip ulu itor" dc
1.,-,r.'rrLrll'L uinri tri.snct, llicc lcgi,miul sii sc ciLlirgi"Lrcascir;
Uo n l,orbirile din jurul nresci rlcu} ioncazi ac.ri cpis.-)11 cat'r)
ri jrir r{ insii ciL rru t-si;1.icii ilccit |attial inilarca sa ilt f iata
ni,,r;,1r.rlii, ('iLlrrriir urr.qrrsi il irrlr-o nrinirsi.irc tlin lilfurt,
ll ,Lrllr..'r irri.r,1,i' 11111,'irrir't' lrtirtLii ie,.rlogicc si sc jnrllcll|lil
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tlr'\ulri |1il1cs{.)r. I'c;llru in',crcsult'trriili,;tilii strlc liLcc. i.rr
(5 tit. o cfiliii.iiric Lt Ii',,ma. -[ntli cLr pictlrtr: ;i dcsigur cu
(1rirrI ii:iiIlil]i
ir ceiatcli.J_)ltpalii, crr. i)i1,r-un liical clc rcci"rrLi:fr'ri'si rrr)1r'1'cnic; dcscrtncr-ir aic.i lipsa tlc intrrrrs pcntttl
]i,llir:iut rcligio:, rcilLrs lir o {olnraiitatc, 1tr-xu1 1)ri'13ti1rrt'"
;:rr-i;t tr,licalilol scttiupc si llr f irtutt. .lls1i, rcvolttrt 1i r r'ilu
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Iil ltr,:1 itl(r'l,ttl rlr' :rcr'.1 1r1rr ljr rL irrrlrrl;i, ttlllor- lrut 1,1q,..
1,,;lil llin ci. in (\'nliri nrirri. l.'rilt trrrrrlriirill(';r uli)l l)Ll-glr.
rlr''llLi'(fr('r..r 1r;r1-[i't:l'lrLl (lr]:i{'nirtt: lrt'lr.,lt lrlnlilillrlr'. iirl irt,
r't';rllrtri.i pulurrr, stlit|rrtt;ir tlc cri. ir lni Isrrsj :,' :r.i,]ur.i i\,!Irrr;n piLr-'ulclor. Lluliir prpalil trrlrrnasr astlr.l lrlrrri l)i,ntrrL
t ;l;:'bi':i'rcle inrpotrir-a lril giLrilor'" :\crrrtr scr st ri ugcu Lr l,,rrrl.rr
[,:1-rf iii cc)lrstruirca biscr:icii Sl.int:ir] I]r.titr la .l.lolur. s;ru
f,r'rri:r'u cn alilirp.iscrlpul c1c l\llriuz sir-i plli.tcascir Ir11'1,i i;11;;,
ri, tr,rtlltir.ulrr'. irt air,stc s(.)p1rt'i vinilla irr {51? irrrlrr llr.rrli;
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l'.u1.IIcr ILrstsu ll0lir i]li',rllrii1. tlc al,rrzrrli si irrci t.]Li it.'Lrt,.ri.i:l{l

;rirlr-rritlLei.l pa.palir, PaPa i-con .S, iniclectLral tlc "[ornla-iic

rrilrillliitir, l1u iki atcrr!i{r crcrlinlc:nlulLli d,c la Witten}:i:l'g:

vi-rbl doirl de L'ivalitatea intre ciiiuglrii;ugtrsiini gi r:ci ilorrrinicani, cilrc primiserir, in locril cclor dini"ii,
s:rlcirlr cic a vindc inclrrlgcn!c iri Gcrmania. fu X518 Jcg*tu1
l)irpnl Crjet:rn st:l dc voriil, cL1 Luther la Augsburg, Dcli
,lrt'rrlr.t la. 1iorna, LLrtl.rcr rlu sc drice, ocrotit gi girtLuit rn+
lilcdcric, clectorr'l Saxoniei, In iuhc 1519, itir-o dispLltir
pulrlir:i rLr un rL.nu.orit tcolog al tinrpului, clactorul Johanu
lir.:l;, ["ulhcr d.cclarir oi l..ccuooa;te drept cap al biscricii e]oar'
lrc' lrns llrislos, ci, dogrlla se poate susline dolr pc baza 5;riplrrlii, circiu tr cl-riric sir, i sc plt:cc papli ;i conciliiL: c!:r.rri.lij-

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l.rliir lr.rP;rl,i rl,rrr'(;t in.ilitrrIil rl,' rlr.t'[rL diiirt.

lirrlrlur,r rlr. lrr,, rir.r r,rl,rli,:r rr irtl,rlit.irplirrpubtricar,:;-r.it"l
l;ij0 rr rrr,)1 .;i rit'r'i jrr t;ric r:s1,r'irLt;i rri,s.picat jclci cr-tlczi,t,rl,rcj
in Apel cillre nobilinlea crcitinil r!c na!iun.e gerllmflf, (An den
Christlichen Adel rleutschsr Natlsn), in aptlvitafeA babj[gi
rricl a bisericii (Die babylonische Getangenschalt der Klrche)
1i in Liberfatca ercg,i*r$ (Yon der Freihelt eineS 0hrirtenfirenschert], cl vorl.rr-]lc dcsp::e sa.ccidoliul unitcrsal
f iccc
poatc
se
alia in {r!a l)omnulti rlatorit$ $cripL:rcdincir)s
irrrii, ;i f irir a nliri a\.ca ncvoie dc intcrnrccl,iul lir:.rXrici
cltrricale --- clcsprc sirrirt'irca Gcrmaniei de citre bi!.f+tt
r:atolicir. ;i ncccsitatca c1e a re;tringe autoritatia flapaih3
u1r lrolr llririlon catc inlo1;r.:s1.c biscrica, $i Dantd Conrl-ar,1=
11;15rr

plirii

sinrrirrilrr:i

i;r

r.irt1n1

al \lX-lca tl

nnferntlltriu

rl,,r ili,'l r il,,r lrl lrt'(;l t:illl1'lll..ic IiilIiislsi: {i\rii ti-1't!- .'\( iii}t
, r rl r,.r irr,Lrr{lir:rrti:[r-rf ir i!.dBS ilulrti -sirre criLit]it i[lcilt,r'firl"(' li]
lrr.lilit.rrr.rltlicrjiicillii-ccf iciiclLtolicc.iitar-cAt!!1'r"rtru(r'rrr'.;'i r ilr. r.i ;ri r,1g11qi2111alr ci, \Lcccsila{'c;r cr:rrlinfci lcni.rrr rriitrlulr{ i:i1 r'ir inni:i.lc t^iLLrrhrr:ilc li ?lllrca-qr. ic.rr::irit cclcsias'.itii"
{ :i liik' lrri J-r.ri.irci';-rittt:tL-st 1i i -<c lct-'r'clir 6l,l rlc ziii'Pllti:rt1
.r r-r lt'LJiilSC lczci.c c'rt'i.icc. Ltri:lti,t- r"rtlc 5i c1. iir llrfa r rlr11 illii
i,iilrl .lill-ralii ut.t:{: i.1 c'r-,rt{;rtt.t1tit., ItcntLLt;i sirlisi{t(-:t} !-fl:i{liir
'1','rr'l'ilri. r.lolcitrlttlc lrllc;, in:ifit'iiii-r 1591 Ll;rr:t'l rr1 \r-ltri ii
t l.r.r;utrir p* L.Ltthcr in 1'lLfa Lrioici tlitl \\itr.l Jl!:i" iil rllclllt:i"i rir
rtc ili.\'ri lalit.ldt ir.fir'ntl!:iilt tlctit rlltcii vir,tj. t{.t11\ ills.:r.r'iiifut(1irl lljl'lir'"
'i.Lr-ir:t t:lar: gr:c;c1i.ii: ;i lLr-lttciiltd.tl-i-sc ilirgtrlrl('lli.t
i r-rriiriil a fi l.pilrllL {i,';11 f c urt i.t''lrric sclll:i t('t'tllcit tii' ttli
suir--cr-i$rhtr:t [,r'irni-* tlc (':1t',,1 ;tl \j-].ca (rirtLil't c1'-'r;{.r'r'ttlir i
i;r.-xcnriei;rlt.ri]i-'rc:L s:I !:il i.tltllri!i ll. S{irltullL.i l.rnlri rirrl , [.rrl].rr:.r'
r';1r: r:ir'pil. I1111111 u Ii ilus 1;r. '.ti.l;'il-rr-isi, tli: r-,lttt1tr.ij- lir.i lf ieiici'ii., clii:c 11 dttc ia r:astcJ.ril i!ir1 \\;liliirur:r:" ,\1.1r'i lirzir'- Calr'i
:r I \'-l*1, trng:-rjll in r;-rzl;i,i r-r!l l:i;l ttt'isl l, 1'<r,i1i'1,' lirrrt-rlr- i'
.'. n:';11iirr e x'4i1! J.tlljlr.'i "
.i.'utdirrncrii.iiltl Ctutrtci|l,rtil iLil t tr lLli. .l,rrL]re r r:istigir.:t' r-ltr
{}:r.{:lcii sa nic,ll :nobiiiut-c (I"rilltz voi.l. )iLlliingclr, Ulrj.tli i't'tl
itlrilir:rt;. 11r'irr lritiilerrtt;L Ia iz','oALC (Ilibliai 1i. psi6 Iapi trI
ti s.u t,l'rlts, irt trutrrclcconsi;iirt!.ci siil..:. anttir.itiifilor ccltsirriiire, ii. i\lf iigc.l).i tlt't1cui;i:i i\\i. I'irclilttritnci-, Crol.tts -l'iirl-'clr'
riris, Lilr!ch \'on lIL1tlcn. I'liil.i1,1, -\.[tr'latltrlri,-inl" .lrLr burghr:ziu ger'tnr.ni es'tL1 ciiligiii.i tlc rrr.Iirrli ccottonlicc i laI'ii li
(.lerrn;:ittia';:i,.i'riit'i,r:cr-,iii itali,.'ni st{Jrcelr.li mirlfi l-r;rni <liLr
prirn.rl}
t:ittr7 ri.ttt t gl ist t'i
irt
11r^r'i ! 11i.n {,r'1r i n1(:i1ir cc.r:cat1i,ttii )i?tl)'L:lt!!r rr l-rir:.:riL;ij- niic{}-qitiiitolfil" * i1l;531'1iilL jingcls
d[tdztroiill f{rilnese gcrfltail]" l-a \\riirl"L,rrrg LLl1;li.r ittcclc',
irr 15?1, sl-r Ir:tl,.htcir N,"rtti 'l'.l.ilr.i)t()i]i. itl lintLl tii-';:ttlltrti,
{'l-irrrr.rlili'' ir}'iltt iri lilf, irrlr, l;l:i 15lil ci ti'rt'.1tttt^
1,ir'li ,l.irr \',, lrirrl [, I.rtrt, ttl, l'r,r,ltt':,'tr'.r ittlr'1l,il.r :r t]ii-rl.iCj
r. ii,:,lit,.,i f irrrr i)r l;;il. l'.1lil irr lrlirtr.;t l', rlirr Iriiil lrrr ilrrrrlletii
{|' (11-ir1lirrl.i.. l.), 1,r \\'r\.l t.l/lll'il I,lr;lr' ;i l;r \\ itir rrl'i'i1: (15!!;
ri.rL,J.c fiitc jrlt,licl. SlLrjlrlL rcli::ii,trsi r'' ittLi trtt:i,t ['L: [t'-iLtt:l'
ilililiui" l.rrllri'r'. clLri: strsliiiilse <1.t:fiir'lfllli'rr ti lilr:tlrrlrri I Iirji'
k,l'il.i,r- clct'tL1Lri, -{* ciisirtr)rcitc. irr .l51li. r'rrt l(rrtJr:rr'lrtri i't'.ii
"{lo:rl. {ostli cilng-irli!i1, :'lirgitir tiin rlr."Lr}i-rsiir'(. \r1 -:t t ' r'f it
l'.:t l8' i1. 15,t5 {,trtll"r' rloill!.' 1l.t l''isltl" rr' l'':ti' itrJirr'f ir I
irr'\t i tli::lrlrlrs...
t){ t

I'lirt rlc \ it.tiititt.r., l.l irrlri.:r si riur, riisr:ri1lr t,ilirrref __.

r trirz ',ri i:lt r"ic,llillir - -cr:Lilr r"c,lri.urcrtl si (.ill,rfiri, iriirr(:lr
rir!li si lr{-11i. e 1r 1i1i<:r,i.l: ii-irirrll. i::rr.c l_1. r.Li.rrrrit si i! ur..ilrlr
, ,r( iil ri nrnLii. lra tic nai_rr.rii r,li1..1csiivr'i. s.i lrcr,liii.r:ili ,: {rr'!-:ali,tr
rrt riirrr'r.rl ;i 1l r.crlr,lr irt r.i.:;.inlili :irlc. 'l rrlliirr-;ri r1i, ti.lttri:ii,
rrrrllil. lrsLiirrL c:hcrllirli slil,:, j\[ariin l-rri.j'ri.r ;r,li,..r.rii:i sr:
l( iitt il .ri-r lt pil:rrlLrt c'.iLl(ra clti.lilti:r:i : disr:rriii, l.:r;irrrtr ;i lti,r[il;rl li il lirrisl.Lritt icltrpair-;Lr-. .ljra rrrr nlntrrll:r;ittjt ii,, ,.ir.ir:
1i
rrt ir';iriiiirlnl c;iLa: r'oilr sii allir rli:ltnilI r:liiittnii:ii. l,rrr'1ir in
ll iiJ'(.l,ritrllt si 1,r,.21,' r:iiLri:r"r r.ii ;iliiolutLrlLti, 1.]:rr (.1gal.a,., ar
rrriri-l i L:l lrir:1,(..fii' in n-url]e l\.t lili .llrtttrtrr:zi'u: niLtil{: ifd t,;i
, itrrisLltnl.r: isli'r'ic,', sr (:{)rlsi,-1,.:ltii irr.sf|rir:,:.i ltr"irr lt:tt, pCitlt.rr
, r'i,.l.irrift -qrt , itt clr t:f \-\.)(-].{.:A, Crr'.irtirrl l},rlt11ulrii,;r.t- j'i rliSll-.irs
,'i ili'?i aL.ir:'tr-' 'r c;r o l;i.r:r-lir.iL - l|.. 1-r;rfili.
iri.ii.rllriji r.,jsctr[;rii,
r,r' Iliitti:,i.r' 5i\li l)ar lii'lt:iiirrt.; J.nJ',rlt fL: l);l,rii.rr)--.r jir:taiit,uliti
r. i
r1r;rJ-1i1,11 lri_ili.1,ir:i;rtiirliri: t,:lrr.;ittt::,, rr'tll.li:,i:rrlrri l-;r.r: 1i
iit( rii'Cill: d,J i!!i1tli.iii...ii r[,rftuJ ilu lr iil;:i;lLr;{t ciruEl orili.:}csc.
rtt lrltriit'irjlr rj.t"lLlL:a lui, .,,\r,itirl oltr c:trr s-li julosii. t:rl rr.iittr
{''t( r'ri;. ri.r-: ljl.ri.'r.fair: i.,.1 l .ir:r.t.fit .itrrrrlrri
- lil,crul lr.r"l,i(ru, lli 1-)nr.l.ltez,..Lr .. .[t- {)111, trtoi:i,,llr , urtiri lcl ri,r flrlrLlii.rIl l,i'lr.i.rlrtt.i:illli,", lrrrlu .[. .\lir-.hc,ir,r,
('r,;i11y1111g i. lii'.b;r g..r.-l'.'tii
ir.lrii.rLc. i1,,,li.,git.r,, |lc.rJici.
q,rr111li1l;', {'ril'.is1)i.\li,lolj jii ,sj qinlelc rcl.igiiit_tsu, ,aSitti cn rr
.i
rr.('il(:i-,il:Ll)illi, r'llit:.rt.i litcr.li.ij, ,\u ritr,.ttis tr._,i,1!,]"c nl,J1l{.
,

or'i1'1i 1,.'l;i;n:r t.i'il1.ftl: lA \\.]itt:r:llL:fij.,.;g111q,t1.t,ii.,-.:rrr:.i lrSt,r-r1l.,l crr rr'li,1irr.rii.;ric t.lrlirrlL.:lc, i 1t irl-it11i-.l.r.ltrr; lr: 1..,;ilisitn itt

(on\'{rrhirilc dirr jrrrul nlcsci ('['ls(rhrcden)

1,1,1,1i1;1q1,1 p1111;1
" 1r.r Lr l"r l,1,, r r. L(i1;, (1, .f,,lr;rrrrr rl,,J,l rr.lrrrri,rrl ildlfr
l,r'i'l' ,,111"1, rLrlr rt,,rt1 , rrtrl,,r.,.ii,,ir. {.tt itlitj lfffifil,if:i
.rl, rr',1,1( l!)|rlrlr .i , rr ;rlt, rr0t,.. lrr,,lL. ,1,: r.t.i r.,.t-l ittcCrttjttI irrii h I'(. l..trl lrr.r . l'r rli.,rr. nl:ilt U.l1uf
l,ri_)Lrlr.IrrC r1t_, Lu<.rlOgii:,
rir f iil;.91:i1',.it lltror i.:riifil)ciN rlin viitil. Sai, rr]ipLiolil]chi-;i
;rlrii:iiruta .il.lil1.i'l! Solic ;i 4o1rji, 1;s1111.u lltiri sau ruuzioii,
.'lru dir.ltt 3;1lLs rrts;lttir.tlctlt.-ij1(ir' ..* itrltcl:'i,,.rr, iiti ljl...slrlits
ir:r.lirrrsr;lii *-- il. afl;'i.t.ri ir:i-!iartlitl, t.ir,lcitl:. rrlicmic, $x1.C(tiLic, ir"r'nic:, tlLtics.
l,ttiicl inl.icJircr: i.ir ;.q;1.jg i1'1 diri;: i:intlcrul coi.ii1" ln,crg
l5::l :-152S cl insuli rr scr.is tcr;telc ;i ir corn.pus rrt,rlr-,aliii
{rt1o]r ascnle]lca Innufl sacfe . uilclc si*i; oriSirl.tlc, i}licif
ss irspilir rliu cintcccr i.cligioasc rrcchi sil,u populi.Lrc ori
rlin 1;slr"lrni, clr cc3 ruai curioscnL c'l.inti.e clc., Ir O CnTAl.Ii
t)()\{\tlL Sl:lN I (Eifl {este Bilrg ist uilser 0ott):
-,.

61

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('r i'l ttit rlll )iit i:.

,rr , , lrLrl)rtr ( rtri lrrri ti. itlr.,l,l.i--r,i,i ,'rit:'.; lrl . r iitl, r :t:
. , rr rLr r I l,'rilr r-lc .r ic Lir-j=ilt. irr '..rriLt'ilt irii ]-Llrjr, r
,l,.r,, irrr;r:-litt(ilJ (';lr-i-j i-li oilscclat i.ttt,rclgrr rirllir,:.i rii;tir:rlrllrrr: ,,( r'l llirr yi rlit;iit&ii" l'J),.:r tlil,t: itii:;,: l:r:i;t.ri.i; ,.)i rlrt:rr i
,l, r'r'li l)e (ii;cc clrtlru'o (l-ttti c.'.:ti.tt ii i.u l!','it ;;ii'l','ir;,r
,,,7;.l".l.rr lglJt L:ir1'1.\'ic.ror.lrtail:i1 r.lccit l)oL-ln r,;]irir-',s{-u,,j*rlilirl
.r\irllllii:I1ir irllrillit, slill {lil pfir1tlt] n!i:fn1tlf ll (]'.rlIiiillril'(.:11-ir.'^
lrr lSli I ll.',in,: irirrlnuirr, I-rr){:ziilc lui I-u',}rri ,'il .(r 1:l{l:rr-r:
, rcscuL:r ir"rr-rg 1rigi1c", ,*i nnmcltL irntlr! cltr rn:.r i .j,r5 ,..\l;r.r:.ili.izr llcfrrln1ci", llilgcls rcil:i mri.ul-olir il Dialeclica !laturiii
i'i)filirtd d|sJ)]:c .,ic:;iu1.
ilg],-riiirl :icclrri c(]t'il I ]r:'i tr:rirt.; '1,:
"qi
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;li X\:[-],r:tr" lin tl*-rt, rtiilit;ts ,i (i()l]iit ;1 r,i,'i,r ilL:r ilirf ij jiri,.iu
(1,)jiil]llsi i"l r1,: i.iii1r,,r.

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jrur:.ilait i.l sctll'lLtlrti ai X\:-lca, cill;a 2{t

ocrsi'ni aic Iliblici in 1i*rlra gcl:lna*il' i^sir ccl rl.iir-Lril
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r.i r:ttttn:r;llt-ir arliucir a strrsrloi. prin r:a'1:1il f i cr1'rcri1 i'
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1'rr:rlir'rrlor:i? $i L,u" Sint tt'olorij / Si t,tt" Sirrt rlVlll,'r.lrr;,', ' Si ru. Sirtl iilozoiir fi i:u, Sr'rit d,iir ltrt'lir:i.tli
., , rr. 5r'rilr cirti: Si t'ir.
)r iriri s',-r. tl1iL lirLrtl mlLi {1.(rl-)iurlr ,, litr llot sri irtit'rt,r'r'tcz li,+altriii;i pr:oj*f ii" 1ii rtLt i;ut. "lttt pcit riilntiLei, t'i
rr l)r)l", .['ot citi lii]rlil, (:i ill.iir rru poiIr'tt poi sir mi
rr,'L t'i 11u. lloi, $i ca sir. inlrti itr amiil.llnic: litt ctt'tlosc;
.-'

,Ii:rIlt'{icr-r

Ii iilo;lofi:-r 1ex ntiti bint'r-l',:t:itci,tr,rtiJrrolali.il.

:li ll ill c1r ilcll\'a!.r'.rt t:ri itir-:i unnl alitt li ttu-l itltcic:g()
1rr'.\*r'isLoIt,i. $i ili, s-rr i]:isi tttLLri dirr.i.rr: ci. li;li. citt't;

ir rl i.r-r)

lul cltliirt irt.irirt.tt-' $au utl crl1ri1,.rl ,liit -\r'i,-i,'ciit'i

;rrrr llr,ri (:i"i:-i(tLli tLitt t iLit lt'|,.' ir-r inllLi.iiLLi.flL lur si ;;ii11 p1:x,,
I'irri r:iL tlL'lrrlincii ,-i ciri,Liilzlit,..'rrt:c cslr. Si r,i lliu dc
irs( rrii lIir;i , i.,rt. alii- rli, l-'iii,:. cii i-:Lr s1-ri]iiirL:iic itil- (icir[t. c('
, i lll(',-'(' : ;i li,iitrli t:i. st 1,-ulrr|i {rLl riliji.i-: (,:ii li {:ttttl :rii ii
illt ()ii:1i.ir.'l\''irt lr 11.i .i.r.,r, rttt r.)ilslli-1[{), a,'rr, a'.,',,'li 1,li1.iiL..i{ irrll-t.' i,tttiiL zi irL r:rrs;r itr',;i (-::}l'i-:.ii-iil-li lr.rtzii nic,i
,r' irr\;r{r-r ci 1ri:;illii.. rrici r}-:rr ii \'1i../,ttl t'{r lrirt, i'11. ,\til
,li ri'oz:rV sr l:rtiilli ('t1 illi.:;,{i'sir3'lil Ior: si. rtti. ilr|liii"r hr, r'rrri lir: (';rt'i' (rI ]l-rittt in.t'i.t.lri. rlr-rlilrl i.lott;'izi-,ci tlr.r itti,
, irr,l rrri-rlrri i,ri:iL iil1rr.1,' rlrrr'irL'.l.rt-rr;i lrr iiri'ri.l;itrttrr.
irr, il ;r;i lirtl,,r si l, r'islrrlttil l:r l,rrrir' lilitt1.1, t il, .i li1't-lr'l, l,,r'(:lt r irrlr r ll .rr'r'1, i. I ili, :,lr' 'r,r1,1, .rrri :l itt , ir t ili,'ill, ,lrl |rqllil:t\,t :itrl rlr li, r.
,\,r :llr i t,r'il,r!rrrtti l, ;,rilrtrt \r,,,r,ltit itttt, l'tltr'. fti.
r li lt't' :r;'r Irrr lli,rrrrrrtrlt l i, l,,r', :r.,, .i I )rrLttit,.zt rr, llt l,iilr.i:.clilt' ,,,ir,l;rr'l.i-crr aL: it,ilLrlli{)1- tt'tirtlrt-i. rlr't:il lrtli: :rsil \-i'Lir
l,ut ILcr, si t'1 ;,:,icc tti!. t] LIil tliii,'ir,it, l.tl.lt.i lrit'-rfis tl,-,t-,iL tc'li
ilirs:l1i;,;g qili1r ioiril iocitrii,.: tittrlc slirlritli:rii.r: i,rapa. $i
itilL sir, r'i.tiit'rri.. llC-itci1111 it:rriuLt: ;rnl sit-.i dislit'r''i-itirr;-:r-r
('i1t1t i-ii.frt li tiisltri ttt.i.l,luiia \:lujlli-'cil sr: r r'1'L,ltliii ('jtJt(
:.8 1r{)itIlii,
j\ii-:rtu t.llri. osLi'ttr:iL.i;r sli li,Jrnlicirirc ('i1 n]iti l.'iiLr', (;r'i'r/i.
si {,Yiiiutit iti tt.ctiiirlt.r, 5i ni s-lt 1ni.iil.tj)li! i italLst'x si"l
r:iiutiLnr tln sin$-ur c1t\ itlll)aisi.tr:i,2ilcLr zili'. citil,r ti't:i ,
I'rlitrrr .'ilrt;-turini ;i citt,orltt'Lii tot trll l-:tlll g'i.sir, l,rr
,:r irrlr:li:lr{i-r.

{...) iiitt i'o:rt'Lt,l,'irr,'. si irrilrisiit;ii o s'L.i.itlrirti }'i11;li 'l'tt'rr:11 I lurltrr.rrrltti. r.l.cr i'i1. lili.'sti'sitl, rlr'r.-iiii sir-inir-lr.'pcintrc
griirrlri..
ii nlirtL,l t) lli)vt)i(-:1.'it:n Lililii'!{l( )'ti
"i,;,,,
;,lt,,i',,i rli,:j r,.-',11 ie1,r',:rti. J.)r:oi'ttltrtl slrititrl:trir;,:
,:l;irlr sit I,r ttirli"g-i tl, li rli:riltl.ttlni, g'iL:c;i(' irlilli i siiiriit.rii i. .\.-;i iirti ril,lt'll,t sj titi.:, ':\ct,ilt cltl-'.' :lit:i'rrlllil-i lt-;lti
l)il1il1 \.t l,i r'rtrlt-:rlr-:tii,', i'rt lttit tit:ii piliirt s;'i i.ii.ltlrl'ri',,'1s,..r, :itrl ,'tt iolii :.1;i.tiriti,r'ji. iil,'i, irrl' i'rl 11'r'llit;rr si
l'iu iitr lii;'t,:,'ltl I i.tttltt-iii'. Si ,1,1, ;'r' j. lrs I i. itrtt'r'ir::1 lllll)l
s-lr.i'iir'ltirir'j i{itiiiilli('sir itiiiit lr'rloriir'llljtrtr"ilrr \lrii. i
iili;';' jtir;,',;'rtr'ill;ir:.';'j, trit:i. iilllll II-lir Ii ;tirrl' si 5i)lll)ai
lrir'i 1ii-r. ;-,, f ir:i,':tii ili't'i, jrril.r'ilii cli.ilit't-:rtt'tt'll iii l'1ii'!'t'qinri. .\i:r rr p;:r1 it:;i 5littllr1 lt]r{llliill,
Sl r;:r :;ri. rtli illit)i'{: ltr sttl,ij,-'ci, tlrtt:ir. lraliistir'';rl] r"lr^
tl'ti \'l'r-li sll 1r:'i1.;r,r"r:lg";i.{ i{ (lt'})()ll}illli, sliilllt li i 1": s''t-tl'1
llSlr.l), rr'1r;ilti.\l;rltirr l.trilrlt- \l-{'jl :l;'l 1i, .,.r,:i\l)lllr{;
,l.it ,,,,i',,, .*,;, 1,r I1,Lt, ::it' l,;,1 t,t.!i,tll,' ,','ii!iiltl'\i ' ('lr'r:i itri
vr'( nr :':'r lirrr rri, i li,'. ir, rri,'i ,li-,'iir,,lii 1r;ilrisl.isilrti', r-:i
{'i1-,1,:,lri

rJ)itr :.\i-rtirr.l,rtl,li,'i,

St:itriit' lt! ,:'t:tt l) t!:;t l::t'ltt;'. llr'r':]li:,-

'jc1i(tllLril r,rti li.:r'r'l Jiisr:l;i;iJ, l.l ;r1lr, -,\llr-i \it 1)lr'\r I \ (:r.i;i::,
l-.rl r()llrai,tlrrjl(i rLr .Sr:';11rr lllrlrtL:tt.ttl.t.
Iiljl.

I (llLr.itl:t lr;r.r:cr:ii lqtrrii (rr.t.j.

ilsrl llr;;'rlll(l(iS(', \ ,)i1]1ll 'i

:r .\J:1. \'i'r-illt.
Ilr':l { li .1 , ),

{i4

ittl,rr'rr i r-' i

t'lr1

irl-

t,

l irrri rlliu crrl,-irr1. Liit lr.tr. sllnn {lri:ii ldtviiiu l;

{i5

.Irrr'r'lt,
Il. l'lLilii,1rr, .\rrr-,ir1'rrllrtsj ci r'ti. rist1,'l
T,rt etn
iricil rrti,'oli ii] Irirlnr zilt'lt-lrtll l)tttlll t('l:nllltlt rlr't:it it-r:l
r.iiriirrli, ][rii l;irrr';r:iil, (';it]i it(:ulll fr gritir si rl tiiJntiicit,
ii lirlrit,' , iii .i 1rt'ir:r'l,r' t,t-ittittc, prrritc trt(-'tr (-:lI ltlivirlrl
Irr,s1.r'I|t i, ir:rtrrr 1,;r1iini, fii.riL nr:t(:.ll si sr'ilttliir:tlict'rl,'
\,'l'{,{),'l'1,irllri.r'. I}:tt'lrir:i :il]-rii (lit s{'illllil tlt:1'litllrrlllitt
.i r:t liiiiin-1rs'i:r1r i,rst;Lr:i, ll'r citt,lil(-lillt li'('ci ]ifslc Lltl
(";r l)(r i) s('il)(iliri rlrrtll iu t'itrtlr';t, .\ lt't'lrrtii sit. rrsri,lirrr ti si rrc i'ir.itiri] rllllli l)rtltltr;r irrllitttr':t t.litr.lttrt;tl
rr,-tft'l rit' liit lrrr:tii: ;i ilt' lrittLirrtlii. irrcii lt(-'lii)l lllr'I-lti
rr:;.)r l)f rtr't'l tIt'titlt. l: rl;or >;i lrt'j, ilrllr;1 ('(] {-!rjol'li} rl
i',r:t r:rrrit;r1. []lrr si.r stitrtl,qrt i,t(rl)it(rii ti li' 1, 1,r tlirl ir;i.t'nirrt
1i si 1.'r','lrilr'u.rt'i {itl-i}t-ltl, ;tit.ll 1tli vt'r'il 1}ill}t'tli. i)e lil'LI','],sl-r.rrll 1r'it):1,{'i}ii ilt vt-i:,tllltt}i.ti}llii('. l).rrtt'irtili:ii !)rlirll1r'zCil, r'ii so:iIt'li'lr,ri, ctr (]r'rlil ii lliriiilttrti, I,ra clii;li'
.rt.i(:i"ti'ir', ri lirtirri sill, n l 1;l iirtit 11i,'i ir tl.i'tllilrllit:r'': l'';l
r' si ltsr'i rirtiir:,.' ltit.ttu'lL, ttrt iillr s*r) iti, t l-t ilt scltirillirr l tlll
\ }'oil si s,.r silll.ittll.)tl.
,\ttl t'l'tit sri t',tt-i i,'su lli'lll1 r i.f(', tllt llr.1 i tit'::1 t', ttir-'i gr',,('!':i1.1',
1ii'nii'ti ci liti-ll ill llliii iit t itp si t.illrr.i.t:r:-.r: iit ttr'itii('jLLr. !iit -rtr'irtiiir .ir iril.i'i'lri liii't'r"'ic tlirr lirriblr llri irlri
,',tiil s,i vorj,r.ti 1t{'lttir'rila'. {:i irttr,'lill;"l t[..'."lti-r: iiSill i](:
fitiu)tii rlr':rr':l>i, ilr'r'rrltiii tl,'iii'slrtrrlli, It(l (itlitii {)lr,itlrrri{. clirr 1;i;iti, rriii-tl lrr r,ltttir li)1. ('liltl lr)l'i}r':r(l t; r}
jL;r*tc dttiii t'[i'tt,.i ic,r si
lrii t'lltll ci t:ilitrr-r,, ti. -i ;rirrilr'i
i!rt si, r'rtrliL cii. lc \:oi'lli'it i ttltl.ili'r.1 r',

{-lilrd {.'ltri,:i.{ls Si)litt(". t:-{ fir!!.itL!t:ttli,:i t:ti)'tlis q".<. /r.'t1ii ilii:'.

IrLli. tt'Ltltir tir:I1:;iri:i, l.l'i-xs I i.iit: <i,.r: Iitt't"r' ;i ;r;
tiltrLl'Lr:i : t.iiil rhrttrt['nta irtirttii. v{]rlriritir I{l1rlt ' 5l-iiirl,;-rili.
(.ri'l-l'c ;tSiil c liititlt{t:'i{r? t.:li-r.' t-';t:ftitirl} iilliiilri{{i llril}..e(l\ lt.i

,lli,-:i t'tt-trq

('r: ill:;clrtttttii ltlnit:rr 11li :.i('1'l,tirll 'tl-rittltlr'lt1ll iltitttii?.\'trr,

rtrt t'r)tlrtstt' ttir'.i trrt il{ trt}:lrr, fir'.i-i vl('il -, ? '1tttt,;i -':r

i:!ll('\:it

irli'()

illllllil

l)lfit

Ilrtt':i,

l'i, r';r :rl(

lrl,;i

ittrriil"l,

irritrti. l)lrr','lrilrt *i rr.'r :,i l{il lt-iri.li lrirrr'1;ilrrr:r''ii. t i'll

;ibtttrrltrlt{lt irrirrril llll (: l"l( ll.li('iir', r' itii ;rlii rlr t'iriill
,,:it:-,ll:ltttntl(-r1tli).rti!ii'i,rrlrrtl)tir.,tti:i,,11l,ri-,llltttltrli'tt1:rir;lrtr:ii:'ci tlilll)fl tli;r clLsir :,i r.,nttri r)l;i:rflt:il itit:: t;,ri jj ,.
i.tiittut, filitt,"t gtrr'"
*-i

l;l
{rh

121

ird;'l,r.Sic. '\stlr. itlscr'ttlll1i

.l ;lr'l llriiliil

E i";;i; ile irliliirlr;\1,.'l1rrt:lrt.rr (1Ji)7 l5(lrrj irr i 1.

i lllrl ilirirrs (lolillrr'lirr l.irttiil;i11trs) (l 1!{i l5 llit, 1';- ri, '''l:

"Vll

t,';rir,'r'l

in .i..).

i,rrr, r'r,t1.,ilri;iLlu nr-ilur ciiztiiL r'11 su tiilrrl-rcltr \i " rlin

{r,, l.i-lrm t}ili--}(,rit-o tntclcanttl
t'i.,:i liicrrh latiucsti impiccliciL p{rslr' naLsni'ri sii lrrr'i,i,sl i l-,inr tlcntte$tc" (.. ")
5i cc s;i ffai hrngcsc vorba c1cs1i1,;' t.alrr-liLcilr'l lilcir
;,r Ii sir si]Ll1r toxtc pliciiriic si girrilurilc rncir rlcsplr,
ii i''r:r. cit\rinl. dcs.igirr as J.\-e iL clc sclis ni1 ltir., Arl af [ri,
r n :,i{.'tlrtr cii rricli"c'srrg, ciLi ostellr:irli si tru'-liL c('rc t:llrrrii{il'cl'r, dt: lLccea nu rabd drcpt jnilcciitor 1i r.lerjcrriitll lrcu.n migar siru 1:rctll1 catir liapisirls f ilrc lt-a infti.'t'ir i sir ii'rtruriictasci nicicind. []ui rrrr-i 1r1:,rcc tirlmircil'clr
rrrr'i1 . 11-ltr"u rll'cit s-o lasc in plata l)i,nrr.,ulul: nail:e -qii-'i
riLrilurrrr:isci. cLr i nri-i c pc 1rlxc ;i car"r o schir.nbii fiirir
;tiri'lr si rr.rilr tlc'a. ,D;rr.'it irr'l,rrii; sclr.iillilriit, rLtn $-o
.,, 1tintl' 'i'tr itt--ttttri,
1,;r.r';r

-il+r)l)

i'lcil'rr lrti ['irtlr"t-' :r

.,1,,1;, 1"'rirt1 {} i ')l}:r:t:jlii;r :r rliitr;lirrii
ti!'1)tcsl.ijllli' l;.1'iillri.c Prirt lri.ltilr slt' '\li'r3ili'l
r,,, i;rilii:'iiii
lril:rrrr.i. rlr:ri rrrttll,l.!:i(:1;ll,:li.lil;t rllillr:t:ir'i'ij r1r-r iirl?tlli', lilliilii
3)'''ri1;niijir;':il'illr
ili'l;
l.i(-r\1)i(i
,:iL
iilii;
il.ll
,.,i'(:rl
, r.il ii i ii.rr
'ilr
lrriii, r:L:i siriijilrrrl [)'rilltirtlrti ii :': ';;1 1]'irtl::iiriiit-- riitc''ri '
t'.i 1.ill'l "sii sc:rjn:r':;i lrt o r'rYrlji.rri' r''lii'1:')11(liliji)i :'i' irl iliii'1("
, lrlJ t' Irr. 1l cqa!liiill'lr t1.rl ll'r:ct'|'' ' ijf i'i{l ll'n1;r'1s'

I ls2sl

li.cr:cn,'lir:iilil{) illrllf;lls. itt cclc Dottisprezcce itrticdle :][t

tiifa'lilof dirr Sttabia, lLttrrlri si: iii,l'r:arr fcl.1:j'11'{i) l:i '} ,:lt'I;.:r]
trrs'rttt'ir lrrr'l.li:i.t'.r tlil "l.ltil:llrs ,\[iirlt'z':l' lst' 1llt'r:, 'itt i "l;r'lr':r.ri'() it!t ,.:llJfrr' Liili.1i 1liclar'),
(;r:lllilrl)i;r ' :\iilili'
l,-lt,rirlll lrl rrt:-r,r'i:1ui riizlloi 1.1-tfititt':irl tlill
,, , ittc";,c: sit {i1::l;-111i,:czc i) llll'itlllil c:it-L-' sii lilirir-; rrtli rr' ii;i;''irt,r;r'i,rr rrrti,i rir,plinc c{rliiit!i" iti'clit'irind;rsL[{:l T}i] |irriir:ri
irrpir:ir,1ir. lrri llirtriiiczc'Ll i (loil'l1t '11:'':i 1 sr l irVri':ti itlLt.:';l'-i' '
,,,,ii:,..,i.r'.i:1ii s,i,:irt.l.t. I-lcsj;i.r'iii Ic'1'rl 11.' tlr-rllilir!jiiLr lrii l-rii.lrr'1'tJ1'c il. joc,l'rl;1 ;.lLlliil r:il 'i-rt'l il]j i'riJ1li-q l]1 si'l'1-r1l{ji, :\iiilriz:':r
r\ulncr-iir tt.rii)io\'il. 1.r:1l.i11l {)l:g3-:r1i;'iili'ii11 i,it'lLltjlor ii,:r irl"ir':i'
t',:r'i:tl'-iit:;'il'ilt]f iciullitri'ln:'t'' i'rr '-r-l': "j
l)r)111.1'tt J'ii:tllul.l,r'c:t
.|'irr-arlii tijrr''Srrrri'ii:r
,'l rri'l, i:rti: .t1rl1:iil.s. .iil llllllj.i:.r.l Lijit l;i9J'
rt'tl
il.lij-ir
li-1i
titr
|;i5iiLi:, Ir'irrilr'
,:,'r'irr lrt'irttrrl riln.,l rlt'i'litiri
.rlir'!,., i'i i1,:,:l:r'r:i Ili. rlll r-]-rll'j !"'Jl: -qi"i iiL: i:r';rl':rii r'j! i-rI''r''l'ifi;ii1:
:r r;i''ri,,r'l'l'tl'" ,;i,,:i lsrrs i-;r .r';isi:rrlllpii'r:llt l)c toi-; irritr :iil:jUlrl
lrri.,.1rr, iri',isi,ri', l:l i'r;i i:l.l p* irlr'irrirlLt"" l'r.ri'lle't':l'ri'i Aptliol
ia rirsp'ns lat cctr ilouiisprezrce articole nlc iiir:*ri1rr
l.
rllri'acc,
Suatri' 1i irtryrotriv. spiritrrltri de rrcidcrt'si liilrriric a:X

Oi'igiir,,t. ,i.irt nriirr,lii. j !:r tz, \l.ii;.ri,:i r s!rriij;i'lc lir

l{;r.iir'. }-,:i1;zi'; si lir;irrl;ilLl". ilc {.-}rltl:" 'l'r::i;l,r:j urudii, 11.:,,:11;!;s,
t i-rriit.il ilrrcici si, sc llilJ'.c. Jil f *r'.rlit.)ii1l{-lir.iirr. lni l',r,r'.1rlt', jlr,.:,1i.,';ri.,rr 1rr. ZNicirlnr rrl;:O) . "\L"rni;ei irr--ti-r-i'n sllrijirtrri irri,if,-ii.i

nl,lr:r.1ri.ist.i.i,)r', i:ii g:isc11i.i-: r-oil:,iil1 llr 1'.r:r-3r, l_lritt.ir:o iri::i!.ii

,iirr ll,'r'ntirr, .1.;ig-r'nit ;i,.lr Lici. ljitng.r irr:liliclii-,lr.l;r :\.llsiltil;,
i;r '{'rrri,rliilr . llrrnirr,,i ,irr ir iilcile .liri }.lrLi.rlr. cl lricr:j"c 1liii.
.I.i.!)ir Ii1 : l'ir( r' jnl !-r',:ilJ srrl'\'i(:;ri ilivirr in lirtrlr:,t g.e.:::t;:,.i'l;r
si Jit r,i i, 1rtirr, i1,il,rr r;;i irrl., r,iri.j,,'{r irt'itlr:l(r iriil-trtiriti. i:l*r'uluir:ltl,rlir''ri ::.r,i,rl,rrti'r, 1,,',,ittll, iirrii.i ,ttllii(tus3;'-jtli\
i.,,rslllji.tcrii ir!.;r't'j,. ii r':rllli,',', l),')r1 l rt i.lL:ji. l,rrril'rsjirl si ir:.llirli,r loli-rii.cl'ii,lli3.:. S'r.t',-r tlc,)ii',llii'o,Ji:1,rt ilri t', L'irt'() lti.olt'1)-i;i
,.rri'irii.rii :. f ii Ll llii'1i,,:i. i:il. tttijli.r() {c lr v.rllrtc l, i)i'tir;i',:iJ:ii,
ll.Liin',;rlr',:t'r,lc,-:i l.]Lr'liuJ :rtiltt su tirtlli.fcsl:r irt oii-1. tli::t:i:t,
i lc;:in,lir i r.';r.!:iunca. ;;i ilicll.dr,r-1 a,s'!i{jl rscirtctli Domttrrlui.
'i rtolog ctr ir.ir:i ttoi, :\liitrt'ri:r' irrif ;irrr'i.
.!iiiriil'1', ri'1i1j,1;15;, ..1
;r

{\lr-1,1.i:i

ri
i,r ltti;li;r i':rri
allor lirrtttti riizvriilili" ;r'ltr rr''ri I)rittt'ir"l'r'r"i
r'|! , rr1 ti ttt;l't'.:i
pilor il::cltloril.tr
"lrfit'rli"'
:,i:t rilt'r''
,,rr l, .ilr.r',
r1 l'1r.r '1 ril'l ll"lr'|l:rli!"r
"irir.r{r
rl'' ;
lrri'
l;'ir;rttillr
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.ji au rrog:r.', rJrtrpini rczol--;;tl lr.ti' I)urrltiil:r'-ril ' (1Lr '' ji"i''''i
ll]'-i11;}r1':
ri(:;,1i11.,1, rlc-;in lr1o1l,li :ri r'lirrrojtrlui I ;i rlii ii''-'.riri'
.i.. i'"biri,]i !i::ir r,i':li:nli: irc lsirJ IT;isr.rls 1i pc ;jrrr: ii:;;i'51 t ;,
tLrri*iLgltii. sit r.:r1.1.11, ciici ir:iunilrJ ioi:;:cziilil itt slrtcll,i'.ip,:i.

, ri' l'.rr,i' I itt RIZbOiu[

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pilrf i ii ;ii-i.t:Lrir'!iLi: i'r,r 1..,}i;

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sii t:i:n.Lrt.tlc l;r. vi:Jr-''il.!:ii,. lli:r'n. acc::.sti scritllc, )'r'l Iitt:r: lrrrt'''
a.tl,l:i sii fe.:ir.tiilr l:ii,st:r:;ilclc !i"tf il1l.;ior:rrilirrilt:j i1r:rl-i nrr-rt:tir;r;r
l). irrirlcipi;i lt.-i ti:ri,gc drl llill:k-11 sll', i;, i11 r\ccjlsi Lit]lp"ir'
ll.* rl,rs,rliil;rriz;r rt,l ttli;i:rlf,:ll. !:liriirl,.:llsii, ir"lttl'll 'r rllr i'

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lic[,rrnr:'i si: .r,.[rugri, irlci noi , :l.l)ar viz;(]n.c,ri apot'lr liirlj,;i <;rir
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Xiur!' r'q ll lrrc,.1ir. ii. sc ti;!g clo|ql111iiy pctrtru a-i il.c{)l)cri
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;n;rf iur 1tc lrrinripi {1.s,-:i,is. l1 1,;r1r llcrl I irupotriva banilelOr
tilhHrcsti $l ucigaic ale 1:iran llor ( Wirler die rdufierisrlren
und rniirderischcll llotl0n dcr lltuerlr), cr)nli;rzioirllls-5s
rr-,
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