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44

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46

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47

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In

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etl

gii-'i: 'pe ttcs'i st:iiPittr'

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mtmtutntl cttrlcttilor sd-nt'fuce,

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jru{t{ t'c t{aii Jacc'
b

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igt .[irt

sl(rLt(-io
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irci;i.o
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ntitcttrile
.fo'!ti
tt;-i
i v
stlI{t;"I
t).t,,"r I i int!c'ti J ittgostci dJltt'sc
Si rtiittt;f, lc ittbiYc-i 'uino;nl'Y '

J i t;,r,,1 itt s ,

lii 7ir'
I'ri lui Jlr,i .ti;-i ittl')tt(-rLl ''i'stit
s
sittgLt

i' t'a,;ittlL cri. J;oa[.c .f-i. t;tt

$i sitcrttl Jitc al "tcgttioci

iu'bi;'i'

t blrci-!i ttttttia ta grosaad

.;; ;;,; scis{c aicfi '!>Iitl>itfie c-atti!."'
iJ';-,i,!,,rr,
[0r pttrt:'
i":t,t

b, ,\tala' cc pc tna'rti'i 'i-a ilt'titts,

t., itt;'ii, c,: tr,tbtLttc 1',iil;i;'i,

.l tt l:tltit'i[-o -[icrul sri f ii-l t:;r/t:i

tili"lt:t'i
.ltc:;!L'. !t'itt]Ia:ltI ci gli;lgo,s rsi

De

si

,Slrrir gi:i.ri .[ioro;i sti o tztlttcti'

J"u rt''qr:lt::i tultq)lt'L:trt sprc rtti!'ii '

l),rr

il,: irli

rt, cit'/t

t'

iLt i t t

i i f it t, .i.t t'i'u t: ti'

1

it:t'c tttr.tnt'[,(tl grcft f c]ttt'i!' copii'ci '

Si /tr,t:t'ittt'i t;alda+r, ochi i st it'stic6'
i'r, ciu,l. se rld.gii., tt'isfit' li ttlttili,
.\: r;ir rir sh;r,itna )nlrtii (J'ttttl( i.Liltt '
t si ft;tlrtt f t'tt'ttci sc !(iili'
ttli tt
L'i
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,\i

i,,itt,/

!'r'tt'ittti ltiirti'

riti i tt iIt'-i L:t'tr'tt itt'ci l'tt;'t'tc

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J',., J,tltt;:,:i

Sl:r,: ;ti:-itirti'ttlltl' /'ov l;irttio !;'i7*:'l :

,..Si ,l'it, r!r

, filti:,;itilt 'i''

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t:i

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.ii:i6u'lic:1i ct'tt'ic t'! itt ti'is!'t;'"'

Jtt'ri
$i lttsirrct di: fratli' carttL!'i'tr
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ltlitt,l
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l, r r,tr i lt lti lt!i11
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11,'

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t t

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tt'

m c kt t-c'.
.{ itt' r c - t tJ a

c' ti gri ;i'-ntra

.4 colo ';:oi tufla'ndtlrafe

r[t
i ,!;'ngi, ut .[tlc {rt:c'ilnIc,
.\,ri'1ili o,'jittti i,i 1"ic-ttt;'i .'lr"rl;li'
I)ii,.'at:!ii'ii sout'bi 1t!'(' ji!(t Iot', cit liitl '

X)tr tt'sl>rt: ttr'iitii

tlt'cgitlot'i lid'in'[

ti -t

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ii,'clti'lt

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'"\tii
ntowta& sd' le-l d'ai, pritt' fic{.,5t Joc'
:t',, t,lrL,t,ic s.7 rt/ii sii dai '9i uia{.i' ..
i:iri a, o piei'zt, grcgitti'-n-ai a.lta-tt Iac!
.llui l,itrc ,[tr-tnit-;t Sci.{in.tlc ghcap
.S.i-riri ltling antarul tic{ii ltattortc'
tlt'i irt'lortt{n I ibi''i fttstic.
J). r, )ttr't il, ttt, frttt t;t;'ttt't"rrltt"

7tt'itt

t i,l

1l: ti,

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&ilt lt1t' te tndurii !

z'ittru {:c 1t-0

u\

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i!

'

rttLi !
,:,i,,,i ,i
cttt'(Iic
lac;'ititc
'J,t;tt'tl,litigc-scolo
',-,ti
tti itt Li ttil ritcrt. *- gi .i-10:t' .tclytj
{) s-ttttt,, crtscifi/l plrYt'Ittzt't' t'ttt' l{.r.sttri ""
si , i r;;i-or tttfug?ia inIrtl 't;tttt';"'

nlt,i tt lticpLttl scneiltllv

iJ/ r:.'r*J Lli; t'tt!&-i rtge .Ie sa' i>.lattcd'

o i0't'tt"t'
.,:,,1,t c sit-i sJtttttii ct"r

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i,r-t' ,,,, o iarliiSlcalt'f'a cca bttiturt'c'i

'J"
,ito; itt s(al;L;i, ne'ltdul'at(hi sott';l"i'

...' t,'"' st':r,ia Jine de o!c-l' rlin tcnt'fi '

I),t ;;i,r.ki hs !ttas sil o desfat'l'V "'
,',', -tr,
,r,,i.i inst,/>i ! Cmelcre;te-i oare - .
t'g,,1; iin lc a-'ta-ntitttti tanrtt ! !
,ii;

(',ii.:';i

I',-,!t:

C?nful V

.;cnei --- sit'ctpr.tl ct:l din urrnri

[-): ;;t!;:giit!'{-&l i]iirnlci ci

sti,ngh,az"e,

Ctt "i'ictwl Pdra'htts uia'fa d,rtlce-i cx*'rnd.

()i;t;l ui;tbya trui rlhile ntoartca-i ccre,
['-,!i' e il " ra oaia b]ittdd din.tr-o turntti,
i{'ri;'l;,:J spre cru,tin maute i ei dut'cre
('r oslti tt-'xsenince.zti ltolla iu;'it,
.:i, {rts'i frariti jtrtfti ct-o tlalLttarti,[,",r

tr",'.:i

si -ut1t/itthi

.[itrtr

I
;i

(...)

Sd-i,i pt.tt;e.stcsc it. ttLitvii ftlu,tic

'4r
Cltior drlcti ila;ttt n((it ar l'i

In sinttI dc-s,trubaslrit lrnti,ttti,,

Lt,. ttnrlc-Auwrtt,l l-a rtr:is ctr-uutut'
[:'; prht{trl cc-o .{tit'tr rr,ftui rcgirtti.
[:!ir:'i 6y,lSs-1t ockii e'i sa sliug ;i ntor

:: i

j*Frcii l*, sut'rafrt.ld, ...

itr r;in lila ct dos,r prirt, cttgtIttri:

Dirct'i lt:
I
S

cc

rc

lt I c

ttn Ittr i

tt

t:

tt t u-a, !i't'

Ori nrtntui ftrirr' 1{ii;rli:lc

AIc s7',ttti r;ii.-'s-f r,1si' rtri

,l',,i;'.i'.r, 0, sdrtrt:,-?1, t:/i,ltclt &(:cslc,

[;t ;;t:tr;"i t;lti]ul sii-li rt-st:rtit:i,, elt t:au',
(. llt !c-tt.i ascuns ahti i,Si utiuttt. 7'icste
{isrriijl 'nu:)r' i Prin ur,ina hti, Atrau' !
F t'i , r.'iri arli.tzci, ',;tif i gi da!i tle ucsle ,
C'l sfir.sr gvt'{t rt6*1l aeaso.+l grett:
.,Dr.,t;t Pulra.t .,, Padro !"' X,Iu,lt'ilt.bihtl nu,nt'e
[:t,'t ! ;;ttsirtl-t dutii,-tt larg de hnnc ! ...

r.l

ti' N

.i

!;: litcri.nfi anltle-n ei se nw,i anittti

('it,:i, .[,t;'ti-n se Sifidi la rt1zbunare,
{-' t'rit't ti -i s'fulfurrt a ticl'i i .flcta.re...

Chd .fizfa a+nplelc. te-tttr:-a caros,rtd*

$l cfipnl lui, trnes e strdaetitt.,.
S-rr sf/aus aw.ks,rett"i pttrd', diafand,,
Sint r;egtez'i trantla,fi'rii at'bi ai, fe,ti'i,
rt:i tiirf,i stin;i cu, [icdntl aie!ii (..")'"

tic 7it:;'^

ut:n r i c o v tt tt tLr ii, tt

t l -tt, il
i t;:,irii i,;fti, tr,itrdtt-lc iit [t,',v,
Nc5oviti riu i ci dr*tt-/e cl'ti{t}'t)

t'.:t e

lt'tisncttt Ll in slitz:ti niirtLila,

.{i glegit -- ;i. n.-ai ptt{ra si,-rtlli a';"i,

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sul,iJtitot'

(.'t;ri -{t.,.,itrefl raPtd bra.n clu tiutthtn'iu,

Sit'ititi*t. ntii:tt'i suar:e cta cotland,
Au'lmrm-pi pierde po tt*r,ftmtul aitt

!t;ti,i'i;

De itt,ti tttp ricct'tttr:, rzigIt,It: t tt- ;

Din, {ini,f suritt ftry!ttt;i iitfritottti;,
Ltinqi J'tti{;;t itt {l'\;,iri 'ltsfltli"ti"
Pioi titgrt , rto fi!t c,:r-rt srri0&lti-tLL'.:sttii.;:

(Lh.:st ,

;i, ii;l;1ts,,'!

Ytii:tl*aitt, i:ttttt, t,ti r;t"tcf , {.'t!,wtitiLz z'it

{)tiri:.ia twriinrLi ii slstttt sf*rtd *
L.a vrcntc ile .furfuni gc vijclie
Cintl bczr;a !cs!t valm'i sl;V,'rdsit'irtti;
Si dt: rnirru'(: ctl|tl sti tttt uc fie
iln sIt mirscol , ct:u,c ,,tt -ttt4itintlxtJ.?
Otici urit ttri::ttl cttttt 1L0t'ii sitg diit it;tiic
ltt-o I tr tt ttri lt,tt,ii t',rl tt r I li-,;t;iitt',: !

(.....
oi h;ttii 5i"tt'i sctijt{itr r,
Cc {cint"t-i li.tixn nsit e, rt*t'uriii !

ltsi,

ti77!;11:pli

Strdt'ecliii "filo.zo.fi ce n.iinr{av&'

Pdnintt s'ile sti-c,fl c {ainr .yt:!e,

Itc-ur fi i'ti.:tt/, tni.rtttttile oc doai'ti.

l:'tt lc i,tit,li, ,phtiixtl ut allte telt:,
C( i;tori soti/thn'i iscut afl,hiioayd!

('t

Cr

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,tto,itnt-attau, i,rt, sentne gi fut, sfe/e!

riri{ilettii ! Cc cle toine,o'{tsurrt !

tt'l,{e nutnai ai cucirtt,,i lttrt !

,,. trt'htnt:/a

c{ti't: {: siliisluitri.

tn r,ettrl, cel cli*lii, 4na.'{t pi sfirtt,

fla ta{a-nlreagtT, ba-n i*l;ttrtt\ litii,
S;ftrc noi a c,incca oarii ;i-a rcisJrini
,ftlet{eatt,

br

dinil
Cinrl gabicrttl.

!)/itn!nl!"
St;rniittd

rt

/>e

$i toli

ut

ntttrtit rtcsfir;ilti,

* ,,Iiiintu!!
yi srit'it,

-c/risii:
anr,

otlr'i,i )Jitreo-n ristYtit.

)t

(-lu.!rtcortt' u'J'Itr'rittt c'u'rtr lt'tou

l'flitt,httt c-tt Ira rttnrt l '' i llttntt

.\'i ttttslrnltrl, atre tttctttl0scttl,

i'tt tltclttri pi'tii-tt .!trt't tlc lc(&tt " ' sttrt,
('itt,l . cc i'ti.tt1 I -t t ttt,:i, -f,ictttl.u-i
! )rt.ctlntt, ctt ci tttt lt:oitr;'itt' i'ltilgLrtt
Strtitrh; itts !,tctt:i'-i I( t:(0sL!1 Llc f''['ict.tc
]i,l'ri,,l sll.{crt' ri trt ./irgrr; i '!ttl' t ;itiit'c'
]'rii;iyd, uiztti cti oahii ltti sc Iutt ".
tttti!';li'''
NL'-,!.t)t ilil,'/t's c:r tl J't't; f't
t'olifn
J;oii'
stillLalic
'
'\trrlt ttni
:io!'t,ie,;rtLy{t,
tir: !rao:ti stritts t'a-rt ait';fe'
I-t,ttt, ru'dtal

(utit, ltnn
..1r.qittt.

;i

Du,' ,,r,-l

(u

tittri i,q tlcft,irIitItt, :riii,i,i i/uii.qd,

,St<trulit rrttnt{i t:tr tittcl it,: c}'tl(tsld,
Sinl i;ttitt (ril('o]'tIi'-n .[ttttil s,-r-trtf,tnt.;,!

ttii;'ir'rtt&

3;i-i

itf

ilcni'

Coliias str&lltct's{t'
t:tit,tt ;iiii, lcl d': ft|.', , t
Jtilh ft t !'
1111;6,1 ;'i-tr ttie i tttt
eca

diit

I)sr l,rtaritri t:ittrl' 'i:c'iztt de lttt'! 'j ttliit':

l1.l;'r, !;lc t{itt slicli J'ittritc,

Cil as{yola&?il, n 0t!e. tttZsco*i,o't

A rmai ndalt firc* ager.e-n gi,;.ttliri; *

Cn sd clt.ttlsl nmi bi.ne-nli';rsa, cprlsiit,

1r,1"51e1'111,s7 ctt clinchit crisItlitt '

.sr,rui sirrio iii ctr' ettrttt titiIt'
'f
l' ,,csr/ir,i" {onlt jte dc['!tn ",
liesticula', holba'!''rittiri ttitititc"'
tl i tldrtt i i't"trtr, it.f lin *'podoiisri
.5; ,,t, tlrt tribt|t ltd 'porni tlttgr*|fi'

Fe /it'titu{ ttts[ ue-uut risijtil, ut lttlit,

'i

$i-tt-[t'i ;ttru I c .1t/i11 :;1' 1,3 ad a.s[ d

$i htpti tr,s[,it cnlo indeltntgt:ttti,

I'e
lowri ptnri ost'dz:i rte.uriililttii:,
-{?i'l{nrt,
hz t'rati* unei aii enzrtfii,

Alttea

lwrwi

naut\

Ilitrilcts-am ew t;e
Sri

affu wttle-s

;i

ciudalc...

f laji cu .!,ilolii,

nnttelc-an coru ! c'',

A saarclui-ndft,i.nrc ndsu rfurcl

$i kcrt*. ;i linutttl t,ntrcbinl"
n0

l'

tlottr+;i ne f>orti'cttirtit;t itr'r

"1u-iti ittt', goi pu5ti,

ttc,gi'i c*-nnttlitt-t'i't6'

tt,,it i!nrttiiti t l; ti asticl tlc l'.rr '

.\i ti',rtt' lilit:'-i dc It tt;;tfi!#' i;iiiiti;rE'
't:,2

i,e Ilclloso-J ltotitt'it"i c[r'it"ti'

Sri lc ttttuc:c i't'(t'(a;i c/tttttar"a:
Si rtftc o'lr: tittii lot' llttcr'ttt't'
l':i,,,it,,, i ctt'ctlitt'l'si oirit't'iirri'

DI

ITTERATURA
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tilrij lJ{f(, (lc alti drj luple 11i.pr1.11 1:cctlL)e ri1.Cil (t.econrit!::t!-(
t:c:L'iloliulrri stpus ck ltlariti, 1a

plit

siir;ilri.i-

al X\r-le;r, Spani;r ;i-a :L.caliza1; rlnitafeir.

ciisir,tor.ia lui licrelirland c1e :\r.agon cu Isabcil;r
scc,ohrlurl

tle Castrlia 1i pr.in cncei:ir-ca riltimci-ibginni mlrsui{n.ai]e, ctrti.l'1p11;1 dr (iil1Lu.1,r. [,tt inceputnl
scC{r-

hrlu.i al .\\'t-lcu sti'ipiirirca slilnioli-r sc ir-rt:iirtl{x

'- in J.irri'r-i1,lr - - in l.ir.i-ile tle
Jo5 si in Ilulj:r" l,,loi:;r
spriniuli slrilricln oari::lriul yi so intoL-cca cu alLr!i.i
{;ibulli;r,:e tlin i:t:girtnilrr. i1o3.;rtc in trrcialc
lrrt i,ir,:rsr,
alr.Arrlciicii rlr S*i] si,\rr.:ticii Ci.;rlruir. 7{)(ti, rlin
:,ttitttl irrririi ii;riia.r.i;irru:r Slr:rnit,i,,,\rrr:rrl;rcurLrrrlat
eia i.rtsri r, lr'.]rli,' a.rig-it,.r:st(r \i (rr(.:(-^ i:rtr-rr. rlr . sii;-rit:it- r-r.lllr-r. (.'rrrrz;r irr(ir.ir.ii si ,[,.1 lirrirlrri S|lr,it,i
c.:,it:
tltt:t l;ri ;r, r.i:;rsi, r';rIirltr irrrlrrrg;il il.rl r.lt.(: i rt t:r.,-,sCrrL
{}tttti'{rir i.;r Ir.ir.irtnit si rlL,t,liirril. ln lo1:5i1 i.y1,1;1i111:i,
S.pirt:ia jclrri;r srrrr crrrnpiii.lr. ilaLri.ii yi cvrrii .-.
cirrttetric :rclivc irrintlLrsi.r-iir - -- c,r:;rrr
lrrigoniti, I,llccri_
i'ilc i l i L:r rc, ir l.ri u,:cli::r,' i *r. i'c il r ilc i iLr.u.ra ii:., ( 15$Si
.ir
rsi Lrici'r.L:r,:u. rirrci 1_ri,"rj i rlin .l.irr:ili; rlc Jos, sirrt di,r.czi
gir;111i1j jr-L l,larlllr. l)lcirdtrle
a.l;
nlrt.it_
_rllL:lirirrlLii
Lt:tli--r r'sli: tri:r i :rcul ::in].it.ii. r1c nii.,r
nobiliLne, tlt tti.
i!a!7t,::. Nelrrrltrtlii!i irr s,-rr.riL:ia loi.,
ci spcr-ii tr.rl..nsi <:i
lic.illrr.t lii.i,lt. rrrr ltr si't irrL:.irisc liirrrlcii. dcsci'rt tlititr.-*
sl'ilj,e;tlr'ltsi" licirlit.irLt'l rrriz:i:r.it.,i nrrItr.ialt; si a. ttrpul.irrfc.i trr {u.l;;r ,r:rri1iir. rr.b.i1i si-u c..il}lnc'se,azii pr;il
{ir[jc]li1r, ilrri:ii r.i a.rnigiic:r cL.lur. rlirr
iur" Llon lli:ilrirr
{Alcarl*lc din Zalanreea) ar.c un cal jigi,r.ir pc cafc ii"
i',;rlrciiiir cu tlr.umtrri in loc dc o";r, t;; tusir, oga.i.ii
ilt,zlcgal:i cll ci -*it sc fl()1ii hiir.ni la rlitcclirr:ie, iar lir
ccasll tr'*i picrcii_ ia Trlirni_riire r:ri r.nSmrir.iic
scol;ittra|cit itlr: clrl-L: lILt arc r1ci,t.iic, i)c1111"1t ciL nu,ti:ivri:;csc
ce':niiri:a.), sc,luncr ruirtt.ii.r,-,it:c., substiLuLc alc rrni.i
l-rui,iiisLit'i. (,-.r'i1 t1o' it.Io:*tlo cte|linge
$tir.i-L*ir.crr lrr
ci1L't: \'o:- li irlr-:riltirrriii solCafii pctlturl
,,aLilLr (,l1rl)(,li
co"{i allcili|li'l", ii r-ilsi'rilltrc, slug;r: ,,1.)c.Pli11,;:,irrl rrr:ri
t,ttr:itt<{ ac,ci:l ,/ c;,rc il-rLltcaptir (...), lrirllrlllii,, (.r,l,r,lir.
tt'li lrri tlon-l\'Ii.uc|r cstc,,lrr.iiti'rri ,i,,r,,,,7 i;i, t,,t rrr :rr^
;i; xzlt{-, I lrr ol.r-c-s irryir;rli stlrir,r,,,,,ii',,:
Ai,rrzrililt i{r'('l (lc strivili.l. :r ll rri,rt il,,r lr.rrrl.1 l1 r,r
lltlri;tilirr. 1.q1 .i.;l,.1rtrrl r.r.tr{trl,il .rl r,,trll.,,tr,l,.
., ;;
t4

1r't"tttr'i rti
pr'(,cosolt lii c:ilfc dtllozitilr s'' litecit srrlr
t '-lir j c
ci'ilazi
rtl'l
'
conslttll'.1
se
pi:rltrapslr
J)c
'
llt -l'.1,,
ins:crtlilate i'i ict-'rr't' Ji1 [11rrt' '{ cllloi)colr;r
'",:tt'"ot:ic1e inierd-ici:iile inrrLLlliLc tluirir (r('iiir'iiiul (l(ri
f t"iti";
irlgnst;
|l.i:cnto, Span.ia lt-'iriczenta trn sistcm ;i mrri
i,r-.:"t*l,rii" pr-ejrr,1,-,ciLfi sc :"rliLrrglir i1''rtriL ItLiiut'i:
r)1lllill'c.l ;i purit;r

Le

a singcl

ui'

ln accasiil' i1{11io5lg:ii:i, litclltrilit sp;r'liuli a -lieLiiil-t''

ic'.1'ii sc {ortncazi jrl ii:irilcn, ai}r('ai)c siuLtLltiLiiil'
rlriui. st;il'i rlo slririt crrl-litr;Lilicr'olii: itrcli'ilnlca !'ji c)l:rrrrrl <lit'coL'il-:c rcu lizii rit$l: llirviljilf ici , cucciiiilot'' lIuxr-rliri tle bc,giii:ii, pclsl'r,-'t'iir-cli)r llpai:'rllrtc; 1li scntiitl decir't1cru,:.,ri:rrl s,,'oirt'a-rl 41. clLfasi-::t-'ir'i itttilcirtc,
a
tlirtlirnistni'
iitrcraturi'
iu
,,-ii. tl" it,it:i im'oirLrrlcl ,
rL'atlir
iui- 1iit"r,r'tt'f i s|lr'llio1iL c'xr:rlcltzli in i:t'ur:tn '
iL
:"otitlnc)' lrllsiitnii"
;ii mti'l1li, gerrr-iri crlusl'rtiilc i)o
inrlinlilnLetzii llliti illl)s iLipcrbolizltr-rlirtl ctt
*i ,t. ,,,,"i
-".gisrnul
pr'iiolijjrtt
suirL}li'
t,na1i{'liic
r1c
i.i" .i
LiriliiL' lrvi utatt:' h:'ir,ou1 ;' r,a a.liit:triit rcgistrrll l iile'al
lc 1i rc1{il'rtiri I
r.ril-c tli.L roittlrtc]t cirvlll'rcili ;i plr'sLoL'l
picarcr'c '
lcrrrt:LrLul
tlit
ciriisrtrirliri
a1
ili,*.i 4,, idctl ;i
ar|
f Lr3e t1''t :icrtsir t;r'i c piurii "
rci
'!tir;a
iri
siLr:icic,
il'lr-.,tt
sitttafii
,it-iL" .pir.r'ir!i. sclri*rl'iL stiLpiirii' i;ii'cr' lrr''iir
i'
iLLlc
irr"-ltIir
ui:ttr.
lrir'*t1ic:li
r,,l.iotc, c tlc,inic <.1i: ci;lig
iitc
s1t'rrtiiilir
ipa,a,rit, miuLtt 1i Jtrrlit'-itr ci ir'\'onLurlr'
"i:ri.ii..t:t c:l-ricatula[ ;i 1;r sclr'i,1{usii'
r r''{ i'i''
i-,,, ir,."i,art;rri sc'cr:hilltl :ll \1'I-li::l' Si':tiii"
gintlirc:r
ii':rlilrrri
itflnr''nle
1i
tili'" Ia .,,ilinr. 1-riigilrir,
lncliri'i1o:- lLt i t: :t 1ri:ohiiriii'
1,, i ,ir,r*,t-,,r, (i,'i.riiclic"'
ii
ili l-136) . iiirpirliLlirrci lrsltcl (')i:iJillilrLrir l;ritiz:Lnlit
linlc'pe i.
nricilt.tr'
Ilricto-;rLu u1111i ui]rilirist si;;i t:i iol tlin ri uilii!
alc Lni
t"c1c
cll
tlol.riii lrellLric slr fi io-ct asc:''1'riLniitllire'r
t1inh"'r'
lc
picocrp:r'ri
ciLr:ui
al''
.frj-S" A. ,\IiianLla,
"ril'irn
\"rt-t -c1iti' li ccyit
aar,tr']ortrir.t cu don Q'"rijotc:""' lllll
Lritincl{'r"
dc ciit'tri, unrle in slrairiolcit'c ;i altclc.in
rle isccli:
tlrgirciLrui;
tle
iai
altr'lc
oit.rt,r',lc isto,-'ii.r,
iricl lr'r1:trl e :rsci nrt''Lt';
-,-tiii n-r*
,.iiirli .*t,,l.,relti
rlccir 1'c r:clt
,t,,ttt pt"c..'lc
l.'rfl=i.,i"-l
'ii1il Itrriicltitlt'ci
in
sl-|i
J"lt.i"*.;ti, cirrli ":l."'" t" {ac cu g'-r-ai'r'rJtitupul
1or' car:c
rlcsfirtcazit
tir
.ntt
Jiili "nt'iiit.i,rr,
ti'

t+ tt iltri'sc si,ii .;lirtc:sc pttirlir isc,rdirii pr j ri pulct-r.a

J,rt
dJr r[.u iti:estet,u sitrt fotrrte prrt;iue
,rr,t ^u.i51s1i1,hr-c-"
""rpenra"!

X,ir inceputul veacrrlui a1 X\rI-lea, se

fric ii:adrc,''r.i
priiceclccie cr:itici.i Iil,;,1rr3;ii:e Ia :lf:r.rrlir_rl. texte.lor biblice. f_a ,\lcai:i
estc. 1lr:c_
,jlitii"i o lljbiie poliglotj. cu lc:te in c:ildcanii,
il.rraicir., g'iei1cii, si lalinir (publii:ati intre ljI4_-tril7r
Iicvi;ria te:;tclor latine ii este increclinfatL urn:rtisl
,ulni Elio.\r'itonio dc -\cbrija (1"1{4?-"l5nL}, uir spi:-il cncicloPi.,rlic, carc sc oclrpasc tle teologie,
ltiiuJ:e
lrtrirlir:c, lil,rl,rgir', r.r.l,r.ir,j, stiirrft.le llrtur.ii fi-]re,ia-

iliu :rc:riit'r:i latini, sc aplicL

*rogi0.

Curcrttrrl pl;Ltoltic :i()

ilti r.(,11. ill Iirrrl111 J)t. j11 \,rq_

i in'r'it:rL,r.ig.inlrr tlirr lil'r.i.., ale. cirriri
lrrcriiri vrir: iul-irtri lrprri si lara tl,, b.r;tin;i,. ir.t tl.rltu,
;rffri elccrr:t cic cspulzruc a cvr-r.ilor (1.1g2) ,
Jndrrr
-'\br;rira,ncl (1160? -1i20) plerci. clin Spauia. Scrie
.rril: uuure lc f-er:ire Ebreo Dial.oguri ,lespre iubire
l

ribuli.

trrrrr

(!)ialoghi d.'arno.re), publicate

i.;::rr.i.rrt:o lircrlre I in france
rluc,:

iit limira

i'n,tr tr"r,

porrte

in lSii5; pontits rlc lSrlisd

zir; poelui

Bbsc

j.n

tra_

spaniol5 (l5Sl) 0urteanul, opcrir inlln_

cste posil.ril ca ^Bentbo si

cnr.tcl, a",,* a"
1lr:rr: cri, l,tt,;t:;;g 1.'1'1,r;,retir in 1505. DilLrgrrrilc Irii l_cotri:
'r

11c DLrr.eo;

..;rr.iti,jlirirrc sr"r,-i t.i

'l'"Li'.o

in

rc

1.*r,lnc

r:itit,

i11 manu:;,.tr"is,

i'sFr'iuli

i'rnai

nrr-r1tc rirr,r.rrir-i

jrrmiil;rte a sqcolulni al XVI*iclt,

in i:iilirrrl lui Filip al I[-iea (15S5-IG00), in piili.
;r. 'k:LrL

r{ir1.{r;1r.foruti.L, dcsi:h.itlcrii

.ri.iiru

citrc

.[ir_tr:r:pa

;i

ci.itr:c crr.[-

sllrul.lrl i sry opulr riiL.ci:lia tltl_ir.ltrll;i yi c:r.toii,.;'1,

rrtt(l':rlLtrx, ntistici ii ascr:tiL:'it.
In p,r.:,ri.,r. rnisrici sI;ailioiil se irrr.Jri;rir r]t\rL1iial.i.a., irtr_
r; r l r-.'l:r lt lt l i obsen':r t.ia vit,,{ i i inl,rrr.ioarc.
Cr:.atemp l;riir::;r tl,.tslr-ti"le:irrnii, i;:i-riloit.rc pe f.[ilalu] tcnporalil.,i.tii, i!;i n.rctJl'il la {oLrir, mi;cirri de i,,rbirc: ;ltJsraf ia
-rlcnif {l r:r:i cun.;iclc;:at
cir:!inrirto:;trl ctern itiif ii si ai
,l.*siivi r',i:iii, cr c:l.rc,pocirl ililrljrj:duicrr.ts s J" s* conicirr::rse:5 {'I'efe:ia r.iin Ar:i1;,i.) ;i caritalca, ciLlrtra iirbire
,tll ..)in,Lllili, in tlcosCbi crt,nrpesirttrr:;t pCLttrtt ;ufct rlltA
-l^rr- (.lu;rn rL: lir Cruz;i Sonetul arOnir,lr) . Irr;.zirt nristic,:i
i

l6

dii:'
r'ji)uilr1r i1:ltr-r) rlliri'llrir IilcratLLr:ii ncoplali)lriiii qi
dir.initatc
pertrtl
{f. liL; i.i cliir lrtltr!rt I)ragostca
mclalizir--' p1'"t,r ,,, r,, ili)il,a1).- i-llr'itrtifil-t erotismlLl

r:r.)1

1i ln accla}i tirap irn'

l',,,i' u"i,rt iitit*t*u tint{rilor;mor..a1ascricril.-rr crastrt,i .t*;i:,iii

5cr

itrrrLtlcltc cu

cu at:rloat"c:i ilirr
,..,i.a.t't..ar,,ratca poc!i1or: sc ascantinil
lc citise ctl
;ivila
clin
Tcrc$a
--*uurn,ro.f. car.alcleiti
ii impt'pLrrilirf
cslc 1i prolcstul
i".ri.r,t,, ; clar {cL'r'c'irrca
scl-iL':
Cirstilia
de
l;rancisco
trir-a unr-tl clcr cor-upt -'dctol;iun'
gi
tl
a
(
).
;.1
J
simulati" Ji'n

a.',,trt",il:"ain1a
din Spanl;r ccirt[nnd:rtir. cu ambi!ia' Poc!ii-rnistici
I ci
moralistulni
a1
,,i" .,, ,i"r"f ilc analizir psihoiogicit
li':rtir
alc
inlimc
nrai
ct'lc
ur:ilc
stin sir piLt.l'untlit in cc'lf
spil ra irtlt
.,,f ttil.' ii. t vatl 1.i i rr tr-Lfilcazir coLlpasiuirc:t'
ct-t-'('lt: i:i
i
cltti'
a crlu
,'1,' t,,n.:^, st,rr.l, tlt bcatitlrtlillc
-qi'f
{l('tIlt1.{
"'; ' il:L:.
tz, r' rtslinge alillrrr'! iilc' ttllo't':u"t'.<'rs!ir1
,
11fl1lrrir't'atit Iitnirsir'rt ::
l ri. S1,llt'ri;r llll il clllltis('tlit t'
tt-tltli' tlrnl't'
,,,,,1;1 t l--t littl';rlrrt'e s1r;ruiolil :l l'rclLrat
citracter
rrn
in';it
tr)arliilintlLr-lc
('rrt'()l)('ll(',
It,'rrurlt('l ii
liluirltcic
o
pc'rsisLcnt
tultlicr-llism
f
rt
, u,. ,
'si
',f
ttttosc ;i gcucrcaz-ir o-tI:ttt":' hiLriclil'
r r.,, ('r11 frrrr]lirtr'r scr
clin [t''rtmt;:ts':
, l, iitrritii itin ll:i//sr,lcl;t $ TItelLfh,ir;iil3l
ttrirr
lilctl.ir'i'lr'il-i
c
tJtzaruiigir
li" tlli rc1]il!"i:crrtiste :i
.''
rlrtzii lrlt sitttirttilut' ;i tluttlrlll lll'ICirlrl'r'^
r. lti"t t t rr
l)l11 .lirl1altcr" ^pitt" b:ric'cu1 (inocpintl
lli
periotliza::ca
'{';r{u l:r
in
Lc,I"t,
(',.', ,1,,,r,.a5 5.i a,,,.,
pl,i n c1c {i(r.n-q.;:,n "'{ltl.r'1 Lr(lii'
l,i i ril l,r j, r..i,,-t,rr,rrt,ri i'
tloct:l"ri'r 1i rrt"'
;,;i,;;',t';' si' (lrar-iritt' Y'isul' ilttzilL' nc\11ii :Lr
rrr\
glas
;l
c1;r
plr
,.';i,' ,,,, tt'rlri' li'lcrirr:u
l
airrif
s'i'
a
itlr'tlLrsc putcl-ca',crlc
lrr:x i Slxrllll ( lllo rsr f
lrli)llaillii:
{astLrliri
t r-t"rt'ii rlc lrrliIieiLrl
1,1 qtt ittt1,t,.i'r
s;rtt :rl lrtr"l;rrrlr i tlttitili"t'
r;1'
" {:r{ii
r 1f . IIi,ir, l l)rr'l'nt'rl 'l tl'''' i' t.1 l.;;:'';t" """
l"'r'
.'"
i'il':
I
t
t
Itr.,s L'rtti,t,ii,1,r,r ri t:t','i,1'i"
l-i15.
p:rg.
- I (liutlril
tuttttt si frr{l tll luntt''
3li! 1)orr,,co r,1'nir:'t. ii,'n-""'n";''t'-,,,! '' '1 1''; t1''iL'
riit'lng''n' 1e56' ptr'i' l:1''-.n,,i.
r rldtl-iiat,
, , t';
't'il;ttor,'n dr
In lit'tolt'tl d ltfit:!";tttt t'5
'
r't"'l 'tn n''n 'l'ttiui'c'il';t'A; i "it""i" 1)r'i t 1 1 " -l 't ;
i*,,1,1;'f nl,,'.,,,.. li;trtt'!rrttit' lll::'
"

rr

c1

lirii ir:rttttiir.,r' rlitr toltlt c:llistli-' s{!.rirl' i'i tri'rnc prirr, i1,ii{t'lrloili{rii itt luirriiLirii Despre discipline (De Disclplinis'
t:i:; t). 11r { L'".+gineiri[1 ilc rua'i jos c"l r'or'];e Xt* ( tt ilttrcLc -ciilt:eri
rl,'rrr,r'c pct-ie11irl tlc,gil:rlisarnlui. t1ts1:t:o jalnica parafizai'e
,, 1,i,i,:rii dc a gi.irdi a or*ttl'i tlt lir 'it'si'a i'ag'.i:rl';i a:'tlrdiilor'"
liulbii
( ,,,,r,,,'^r4., () lii.1't:c rl,: glittlal.ir:ir latinl,
-Hxerci!iul
la{lric (Exercitatio linguae t atinae,153it) . ln lrtcr:rrea D*:11'
aiulorerra celor seraci (Dc sullventionc pauperurn, 15?{i1
, llrl,r,rl:r;:ii irlc,i.;u tttitt i sprij in :iclrrliii in tr-r<:':l {)r!i"':l11izat !
,l, r itrir st;rt. ,.ritic sir ?nf iinfe::c :irita1c, rziluri, sccili' Desprc stltlet qi viaf d (Dc :rnitna etr r'ita, l6ii8), ilil ro!nel11a1.iti
rr i lrii Ar.isi:ULC1. i1 aratii. pe \Iir-i:s ca pffcilfsi).f ;r I Psilrologi,-'i
rrr,,rlti'LI* 1i al lr.Li l;t'tlrr.ris Iiltct'tr. iuaiLrtr'a tilli:'L l1'c(('rri,:t^:r:rr rlr.iir-rtrattrctlttrI iliiLlci:ir-. Povestca olllrllili (Fabula de
lf0urine, 1518; i,,ia clo;rir.rl oll1rlir i r{15,1:,.rpcril t-lc lictraltct't:r
t irrrlrrtric ca rtt.ir-ltcrr.i ;rl i:ai.rlt:ii. i.irlilil Irfr-'!'clrlJr 1ir scliclil*
,rrrliilliit;i1or.'l'illrrl'lltr otttitttc'tlttr: sittL tleirar"lc t1l;r cirti;r:'
iiililr: lnct.li Iilc lrri Vir.r,s, Ar:cs1: orrt (lrr {; si ttot,stl:liiL St|ir'
ii'
1 tl .r'i{{rirrt'a t'l'tt,liiitlrri ltlili:':rt (lt si'ill it:lt'utiii 'li:'t"'rtlritt
Lttllti
I'l
ir;il):tlii:i1r':r
itttt
-;'it
ilirt\';1,
iVrt,
ilri-;i
r
Itlrrl'lrlr
'l;LI
'
,.rlrrr

iI

+$3

I5.t{))

N.,,*,.,,t. llr \';r J.rrr.i;r, strriliirzi llr. l,irris si r:r.l.ir,

1ri
,iirrlrt. irrlitrii. i' l3clgl... la L:'ivt:rsitatca clilr Lour.ili'.
Ii
{r tl}oai.;tc
1tc C. T:iucid;i'c }lrastrius. Iloatc cL s,b;r,ff'.i.rrfl
lurcstuia. rlirr urnrij,,,tricstrul rnctr, pirrintal"
ro",r.,r a"r,i*
rrir panr f lci. irn potri va pse'd,ar i ars cticieir
i ror r nt pr.ii,rJur*r-.Licos, 1519), ariiliucl e1.o.rrcA apliciirrii nrctoclclor
r.of*ti
ln. ciluca1ie. incura jat r1c Etasmus,
sc ocupir .i. .dit";;;;f;;:
rr:i 1u

i -4,rrgrrstin, Despre_ Cetatea- norunuluilDe Clvitate

ne'ij"
i,o rl.rlit:i lui I..nr:ic a,i VIll_ica, icgclc
l5?! cste jnr.ilrt ?n Auglia, ca lcctor. ai rca;inciAngtici, 1,1
f*t*.i*t,
rrrir';r sotie a Iui lleur.ir: aI yllI_lca cl pr.ccc'tor
erl fiicri
1i
l.\1r, priltrillesa l{ar.i;r. l'ar.casLil
*ltir*i
*.riu
noir*
episio.le despre rafiurrea s{uiriurui ra
c'pii"u'trtu
(De
puerilis epistolae rluae, f.il3). f,a irivitatia ratione studii
lui Ri"i;.;;

l,.t'.r::lrillli.

n)(].ir,r'()

1)(

)\'

lisl'.1r.\ (")l{Lr i-tr { i

il,'r'aqirlr:ttl.:

sl'ir;itut viclii saIi,,.

f ivcs a s*ris lilr';rilii in limba latin:-ri hicrirlj.lc lLri sc
{)[r'esc.

i...)',1,,in,.,l .illi-shtiirsltr o lrlilittr -in ':iir'r'{r s:i' oit't'tltt',. lii

lrtir,i tliict.r.rlirurirrt, t1. ltiLrr itrlr.,!tl,citrtlt'^1i
t{r-: atita juclc'catii., Eri care cstt atii t1e lcdttiti-r ir;t'it '
i,ii" ,i"r, , sc.atc i. l*mi*ir zir'ri-"Iiri cler *ecrcztii.
Xi.a,"iii'rlr lrlt, ci. -.irrt ol'tts.l(', 1-i11r'i {olit,:r , fc'lt-'sirc'
ti,,i 'i r,,"i.ful ii ;r it'r'brrrilc,r,'ir l)i.:tl'('l('r. ir lIlt LlLl(:lt'l
.'i'i,,, i"-int,rr'r,l. lt,. r,,t'ilol, |r elrt't, c,'i lrliri il)\itlli
;ilrtrt, aemcni lc lr.ttnriri, it-x'otilttlLi-h' ca pc rlnclt^

rrcloriicr"r, . lt:iituir-. de ruaterial

iliclacric
1og;cc) si asripra. pr.,rl>lcrtrelor sociirle.

l,;rrir,tr ca,iiclinrrlt

iing

cul.,riri.i Ia. Oxl.,r:r1 ; I_lrrir.clsitatca

ii confer:ii,
i' ;tii'!e j,ridicc. (_-' irr:ilejul clir_or.l;uluitiili,rl
1.i
Ilciiric a.l YIll-lca, cirruia um:rnislul i se opunc,
\fir.cs irc'.os,
ele tlocto-r

l.rnicr sh p1r:cc

tlin nnglila; si: sta,i-rilcrstc in E"j1gia, la l;rti;cr,

rrnrle r;imine pin;L Ia_

ini]i:r-,s1d1i as1_lJrra

prol;lcntclol cduca!iei

pc;rrr'

(pcrle.q.,i1_i1r,

sr'el

ii

r:

iro-

]fca-terinci rIr:,.\r:rsur
Despre instrucfia frmeii cregtine
{De
itrstitutione ferninae Christianae, l52g), in
r-.al.c .nriic irit,c.,t

ii inr:hinir tr:aielul

,ii

{!

i f ,i", Ir;rn

iii,

.,'.rn.r:o-t

.l

,ui.l \'ivc-.,

{]

0;'lls tvt:rp!1 lr'3, 1'r'irrtctit trauri-

int"gla -r- tliit:ctl , inttrcrdat'it's' lloti'spr'1'r"

ltrlio*rat;ci:
J trrrrr [,rris \ i1-q.s, \'r.rlt.rrci;rrx,.
'
lir' I r:

j[,cr'..nzo' Ril'cr.
\Iadlitl,
1r.1i1i1.116,-lg rl,. -.1 lti'1 Co;'oci.

-\1;rri1lri

llt-l I

- lit

1{1

'lir,ir-. rt 1.. rrrrii I

,!r'-,',rP.t'iri-.''

ricii,..ql,,-,.r.,p1

riri ,rlc l,rt; :i

,r1,,)i,

r,r;,i1,t,,.ji,s, r rrliririr'!r,r:,r,';r, l,,iu

'illriL
rlr: lrrrtinc Irk,r'r.,
;,r iir.:r::lti jnr.,ri.,., r,,r.ictriti
,i
.],T. r1,,11 i, .' a jutr ru I crj.rora r,"o' .r,,rir-'
" ".t";.,.
gi i-r.,i
:;,:"li
i.
r-.r .tru-r;<lrt I titr li rli:,cii-rlinc, pir.inirc
ciit.c ste iiunrlrl

rcligia, cirrlorrstcrc,r. pi cuitrri pririritt,lui ;,,piiii:'*i'^1,;,

.,.'lur-Lrlti zci.,' fi-;r iii'lui. .{eeristi iuii,;;i",'
;,,,,;,
llu o ilr:c nlcr riil atrt:rrri.ruai, afarii dc nurn.ri'..L,)lrl,
ustc o tlu., ltlii ii lrr:clt,i irrr ri,litlj
l)t, crrl.t, ri trr-c cl cu z, ii

\,.i;itt{r'..,r. lil ;t<r.;: r-:-;.,i1, 1,;p1li i,ili

l.rrlitr [rrlr,i i;,i ii
i'):t t'1.rit';t;-.;11t1lttrf, lr,lr;l:rr:r.iii. ,l;,,.1i,
1rr.rl1;,...1;J,1;1,
n.-rrr'Ii'\'lrt illi lr'l ri* r:li'rlr:-ii s:irr r]e t.,z,,iir.f
ii,1i,,,,,
trircrrtr-il,''^ iir r:r't'si iri):i l i'z(:(' ii:,( lr( lr.,ii inqrjf;...,:ii,
i,fj
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X {.tiAt

{-)Li.t,ttrt.tlulci, spri:-t!

utr(,i:r,}.tt:}t{,,rocit e}

si" irr,.seli:. citrtl t:ntl-n I)ttilutr:ttr .

,'t'i s!tt!i (tr (a. itt ytt,arlto- tjr(d , )tt(i.t,tf
ai>rt,rvt't;t, rr tt iI.t -tt atn.in.l irc.

..

t
,4 :;;
'!','.)t genarul dt lt {.iltratLtt.q L.s1,oiirloo
_. i il;,t;
1i. 1.. ,,:!."{.t''s!,.
cr;'.
,{.. . I tu,.1 (',,..,,. . .
ztt

.s,i

ril.;

i';igtoit"

Ai\*TO]{IO

Dlt

UEVA}iA

(1{80r --t 54s)

r,lr,i, itt rnare parle inspir:ltc ilin sc:r-.iit,-;ri antj.ci. ):pisocir'ri

rrrli{.ulat fdrarlul dc l*r Sun,dte (El ldllano de,l &an'utitt}
,r tlor"cnil ccle'brn. Inrfurit do Tacitus, Guel'ara tl pnne pc
t.. i rr rltrl gerrnan si, vortreasc il. in nunrcle dreptwi.tror iiatrr"alc
.rlt: omului, In fragmenttrl cle rnai jr:s se vircl calitir,!;i1e cle
;rr:r.'rlicr,tol ale autorului; arta predical,orului il ajutfl sb
inlitn'!:nie iogic ;i patetic ar'g'lrnreRte c,labr:ra1e rfe nn cutos,riilot al rt:iii:rrtnriior psihii:t-; r'ctorica lui slrrje;tc ct"ll'iniiirii

t.rr;lruitti,

Oi{ OT,OGII:

N,i;rcut tulr.-o Ilrrnilic clc uolrili, cslcPlrj [a crrr.it:

pinii cc pirrirscrlc via.!a r1e laic;i i'trir, i'orclinul {r:i.cisc'n.
iPrl[ru fairn: lui de r.orbitor, impirratul Caro1 a] y-lca il
numcste preclicator a1 curfii; mai tirziu ii di sarcina dc a*i
scrie clonica dotnnici; uncori Guevara i1 intolirr-ai9clir: pc
tnrpii'at, fic i'tr-o ca*:parie nrilitar.ir, {ic intr.-o ciiirtorie
(Italia) . N**rit apoi i'chizitor i' \ralcncia, dc'i,e ,lter..ior

:{::::i

dc CLrncli.x ;i r':ai rir.ziu cpiscop clc i\{onclcircrkr; aici

Opcrclc 1ui nrai rle si:l'"ruir sinL: Orologiul princlpilor

satl Cartea despre Marcus Aurelius (Relox de pri*cipes o
["ibro de Marco Aurelio, 1529) , Epistole farniliare sau Cir-

ile aurite (Epistolas familiares sau Cartas aureas, ISgg_*1542)

Pc lingd elogiLrl rerrascentist al vie!ii pastorale, caracter.isirir:e epocii slnt ;i pr:eocupilr-iie tui d,c nroralist. nlontaigne
f

ii citogte cpistolcle car.o trateaz5,, cu c_xccs de eruclitie

i pedanter.ic, terne dir.el"se,
OROtOGItiL PRINCIPILOIT cste o vc::siuue lmbogiliiiir a, unci lucliLr-j mai r.cchi, Cartea de aur a lui Marcus
;

Aurelius, ?mpdrat gi ne?ntrecut orator (Libro aureo de Marco

Auretio, erl!prrador y eloquentissimo orador) I ea fuscsc pr-r-

iriicrlir ln

1528 gi ln 152g flrd, autorizatia autortrlLri. Iu

ili"aia ei finaiii, carte:r, lucrare didactici, incearcir sri porr.:;l*ascir, viala irlp[ratului rornan. In Ceasornicul dom_
nilqr liicolae Cc;ltin ar-ea siL prciucreze Viata ?rnpdratului
llaico .&vri!ie ;l J,Lri (ir.rci-ara. Guel,ara isi e_xlulc pr.opriile
,..

i)

l- PIt[]i (l I lrl L0It

c,\itllllA III
CaPitolul
(Jill

gincr

trI

ttcl

t...),,\-ai irrtrcb, o, 1'()ntllJli , cc irlcti r t-,i -- /.:uirirliil

l:r' jzvoalclc libnrlui - cu noi, care trlim in pacr-'
i)c rnalurilc l)rtn{rii? \"izutu-ne-a!i, din lntlurplare,
,lovcdindu-ne pricteni ai dugnlrniior lo$tti sau stri{rt-am noi ci'vn sinicm 4"9*."it Auzii-a1i -clln}\'l}
,ii,'t itrti*plare, acolo la Rc,nla, ziciudu-sc.cI, piiriisindu-ne f[nrintrr:ilc noatstre, llc-am fi pornit s[ ctccrin:r pl,mfnturile altora? Ati Iost oare in;tiin{1fi, ctin
iiltdti;t;, ci, noi, scuiinilu-ne imp-otriva-sidpiuilcr
nostri. arn clirt ascultare neimblinzitilor barbari? Oare
ii":"ii'tiiuis loi i'reun sol care sh stirLrie pe lingi
rloi dX, rri fim prictcni, sau venit-a \Teli.nul clin patria
noastre Ia voi, la lloma, si v[ arllnce vrco sfruntale
ca tutor clu;mani clc-ai nogtri? S-a sirvir$it oare din
viat[, pe meleagtlr'ile noastre, vretln rege care, prl]l
cliata' iui, si vE lase moStenitori incit, prin acest
tliiit, .e itc cotrstritrgcli sd. fim vasnlii voi,stli? Orrlc
r ti dcscollcrit \-t'co legc strir cc]IC sall \-rclln ofrlr'rI
t f)in -4tt.lologia General de la I'iteralttrn
cit. irr r,lnA,ttc;t6 tla .lttttl Cu'',tri.

I!sf afttla, ap'

tcl

nr[ri I]otl liotlir.it c[r'cila u:irricxrsa [ierrnranic trcbnr]e

nei{trr[r'ot sf, sc supunfi minclrei ltomc? \'-am ninricit

oiiililc, \--anl pristiit ogoarcle, r-am jc{uit satele, i-um sprijiriit pc clulmanii vo;i.r'i, pentru r:a,
diliciu-r'il plicini, de rS.zbllna-r'c a acrstor jigni.ri, sir
Ert, nipirstuifi pirminluriie?
Uacii nc-atn fi unii altor;r I'ccini, il-ar fi ck: rnilarr.
sir ne uciclcm lntrtr noi, intmclt adcsea sc tntinipiir
cri, inri-,iLr"tiiitl o Liatii Lucatir Cc pi"Lmint, sii sc stirnr'ir:ici"r iiitlc clc,ull srr.i-c uc.clblriiil sfaclir. I)ur cu sigrtrirn!il cil 11lt ilstrlll('1lr,1r pric]rd, s-iill_ i-"c;Li iutrc voj,
rc'iuati.ii ;i iroi, grruir'nii, ('Ici acolo, in liernrrnia,
;ru ajirns lrr kI rlt rt'1,cck., |rrcLn.l1 flrinra ;i iiraii.ia
It,trstTi"t. $i chcit lsla lli. cli tlr t'il strpiir:Lrt', o. lclllliiltilcu', ic'i:tr-ii'i rr itlrli-ri'i, strl,iixr rlir rr uzitrll cc lci rrril l-

I(

)li(l IL Dlt ]I0i\TtillA

oa-r-e,

Sir iicllnr.:

t;j, :ldici"r. t'(,nun.x:lrt 1'o1r{inilot' rsi cruzin*rc,rr

tlrlrnilt,l ',rr r,jui'ls

l;ericitr.i

;i

irt r.crra;i zi in

i-iinecur

l:r.zir ih' nr'lrstlc(..,)

irriilih lu citr' actlL

r-c,1:ublici

inc tlriltc inlirLcli, ci i:ccca i;r ciirc, triiicsc

lnul{i cratlrcrii lir'1r;c;i; nLt rt:.publica 1,1111c11 dc bog;rt5, ci llcica cnri sc lauclir cu rnulte lii'tnti; nu acccir
fn care tliliesc rntiii c'irrneni certirre{i, ci;rccca ln
r:irre sllirlluiesc c;nnrrlni dc lilrcc irrbitori. I)c undc icsr:
cii lincluiirllr ltonrcri, fiirtl .liorl;r l,og'ati, estc plinir
clc nrrajnnsuri, 1rt: cincl rinduiala Gcrnraniei, fiincl
irceastr s:irrrcir, cslr: r're,clnicri de pizmrrit. Iliar:ir*1e
xrrmuritolilcr zci ca r,rii .si1 fili multuruiti iniru indcstulare, prrcurn sintcrri noi iirtru s[rticic, ceici astfcl
nici voi n-aiLi veni si ne jefuili pirminturile ;i nici
nc'i nit ne-aln dricc sri nc jclnirn astirzi la lltura.
tr}ine v;-r<l eu, rotualll]or, cii c o lnarc cleoscbirc i,ntrc
unii ;i altii, intnrcit r.oi, mdcar cir nu vir sint cultoscute ne'cezru'ilc troastre, itu r,ir pieldefi timpul ctr
ele; etrar irc,rii niciodatir nn ni sc nsucir lac:rirnile 5i
ir ic iccla tir nrr conteninl si'r ir.r pliir gen-r ncrioroci.r-il c" (...)

in

car"e sc

YO-Fi

(1520* 1559? 1561?)

r1

'i

D.'

I
I

I
I

,,r'igino lrrilfttgl'rc::ii,

st

udia;rit' clt ,*i L'lll:oi:li'

d,: curlE
lir ()r,inrl,r.;r- Slrrl.rilif ir: Spa1i., tl cintir in ca1-'r1a
cltrcl
iu
I'or-ttlgalia'
('rLt'ol
OiLlirtorcltc
V-ica
t,1
ltLi
:r liirrcloi
('c"t
1111
irrirrciprr
rrrrr tlitr liit:elt'tu'rp"l,r'a,Ln1Lri sc clisir'tolc11
,,rt,'r'gf'-.'r, irr'['lirilt' tlc [,'rs. rrLrcle ltLp[ir itr tirniinl lirz'br'riului
Pii'r:rotrl'
i,n1r,,il.i*,r.t,,'eri1cti, l.,rc,iribil - 1n Auglil , 1i apoi ln
implcjuliLr'i'
ilt
cc
c'xllct
tltt
sc
ttcis,
I.r,0,,,,,.,,
,,,,.,1,,
ltic
-'---Cu
f

lr tlou:-t

PoL\11-tL--

si lt citorra

plLsa

j* tii:

ptc''zit

"=*,'P!irr
sparriolir
1\I,rntcirr'.r.]''oLl 1i-a sclis oircre iu lirnfia
rlin Dlana"
Canfonier (cLy
la
Auvcrs.un
ptrliiici,
Tn
1551
i..""Liri^"ei.
sacr"o ;i prolauc; pocziilc
lron**l *- q'11ltrgci'c tie pc''czii
j11ilii5
t1c
TIri:1iizi!:ic 1]t''nlrit ori)1:1 $l
llt
lr,liijirrrsi rttt fosi Irtsc
z ji I cologictr.
{:,,1r,,,1,,p,:r;i ltti t'iirnint-' t"otttitllttl

r.orrl]rr

pastorll l-)IlN'\

(Los

(l55ll? 155$?)'
siete iiUtoi de la Dlnna) prrblic:at la \ialcncia
pc
scLrl'l ciLitttc-xprlne
ii
Nl'outcntal',r
ii
rf
t:ir
i,t lnattl"'t''rl
c1c o {rumLrsc}e
o
lliLstoriJi
tyc.nirtlcltt(rl(:
rLrlrri
PcLrcr:tlLc:
piLstt-rrul
neotriirltriti, l)c llLltrlo l)ilttta, csic :rtlirrc iubiiir t1c
tiniLrlr'
tlirr
S)'lvalI(),
ir.rlrt,ir
o
li l)i-rjt,)r:trl.
Sirc11o. Ire l)iir.rr1

j 1a itlctlrttl'
sr::ltiilcniclc
5i se
aritie, piLstorifia i;i schimbi cu timprrl
dupir
iutoarcc
se
Sircno
l)elio'
cLr pirstorul
in
carc
":Jtor"it*
cartc""'
prima
inccpc
cle
aici
an'
fifsa .i"'un
',$i
s-ati
care
lucrtir-i
silt istorisitc ,,pr:r'estiri {oartc c1i{crite'
S1'lvacu
impr^ictcnc;te
se
tnii*pft* ctr acl,l-iLrat"." Sireno
,-,o;i atrinciui cinl.ii trtlousclea l)ianci' inbirea ;! 1r'istclea
<lnrcrea volbittlor:. () tlliir 1-rl'Lstrir:itir iilccalcit' si lc ostoiasci
il

ocolea. Sircno LrclrLLitl sir. ltlcrct: lrcttt rrL tln ail

qt-[

,1y-f1 ,,i1',rf.rr1 srrit,;-inii,Ic jiicr,_,u1,;

rirlilr,.lti,

jrrrlr:r.i|ri,u ri1ir5.-

iri.rtii;i'e, r:i.ci iiirifa i*irilii ir;i ri:va.rii al.ec;iu'ca ;,supr;u ai_

teio; 1i asl{cl Lnti.:rul infflli;cazi, ca i'tl.-uit l;rlt,
sir. tlr:
lineri iirrtrurerai:i" lii s* intti.c:rpiir, cilirc o i*{elca,ptir,r:n
I:.ciicir,
.:irlijin; ajun;i arr:is ygrbcsc'rle:;;ire 11.r..agoste.
11 .1d..ii-ccrlrii
Ilclicia lo rlir, t.iui:'r:ilor: rir, bea'n.f irtr:u
si r-cchire scni.i;irtcntc sc Li:atrslerL.;'iL. Fr:irninl;ar.c* lor'r;rg-jc
anteriolri cslc ii-.iitcr,ritii r1* linislca rcci.prociiilJ:ii scutiucntcloi.
Siugnr;r *r_rt:
.ru llcrc i:irnitrp,
po:_tLL), IJiana, siciitti dc nn l.,iirbilt
gelo.;. In
i:lrLcn. lrti .\Iiiril.i:ll:llrif se re{,.rinosc nuntcroilsc
ccouri; Arca_
dia trui:j:lll:r;r,i:il'(), nlil'olL.li.r lui lJaniltlli;, poe:i:r
lruycrilOr,
Dialogurile lrr i l-,.,,rrlr-r lilirco: 11a j iLlcis -ccl. rf r,i.uir,
sut.sc
,liil urnti rlrrrr l,ri'iui,c l.(]nt:lnlrlui r_r11 tl coltsintcti{.,Lrolll.a11{ir:lr.:rli, 1i ,:rr I)(-)t.:i1.flt;t.irt r.,,r..itli'rr;ili,-._c,lri.t.crfi rlit3.hi;:al.i
lf lri..i(rrli. ('.rrr.l rrr. li,r t.1,. i,,,1, rr I,,.lrlirlt ,t,,, ,,,,], ,,,,.i

rlrl10 l.lllit\lrl i

r.l r.tr

lrL,llclt,

:i;,:iiriiulpl;:rt*rir,i.'i pri,1 r.rrr,1c rln clr,rgiirl irrl.iirii. si al

lr'rr:.r;sl!ii, :\1ltoi:ril
in dr'go:te .spira!'a pu.,:, ,if r." i,.r,'t,.lc
rii.ios, aspi_r.afir_' clrc,
nil.iincl inscfitii dr: rlorinle, utr prar. li
inlnjitii ti,i-r ri:.i:nfrririic rrcgal_ir;c ale patirnii.
1e,1ul ei _- tr.u_
1111ll;-1'it,:i] Sl.tlrlclr'; i- *-c.;lc i iraccr:sib
i l ; de ac*ea n;'r zuiu!,a CChi i
cc.iub_elte cstc in;i.lrrirtoar.c
;i toiodatri inr.iiuitX rle mtirn*
,titiic._l)ar crisi;i 1i cr:rllr.lli i'irire, d.csprc
care voti:rsc ti'c*
.i' i i,,lrirstr:lr i" : r-,l.i n lr i sl.r ir i
tna r i'ib inlr t c' a{ l.ac}ia .r*pcls,;ii
;
r;i:rcsastiL tlr-ugrL,;tr -t*: i'iir.ilri sc
clcsl::r;o*rl ;i ,* rc.lizcar;i
,
iu urztult rr_rrnrr;ruJLri^ (,'ci cr: o incearcli,, o curlosc
1i cliscrrii
t1r:plc ea r:u p;itr.riutlcrc psihologic6
sribtilitate. $i iir
;i
raccst scns tr{ontculal"or nu grcrea
atunci ciiiil anunta cit ro:manul lni vorbeste tlesnr.e ,,lucruri cal-c s,au
intirlplat cu
,:ttrclirrat". Sc_nljrrrentcle sint adcr.,;i.rate iindc;j.
l
sint anitii_
;ratc sincer- dc cunosci-rlori ai afectelor or:renesti.
Irragrneltul
rnai jos o clovctle;;te . EI aratii gi alternanta,
ca in Artadia
1lc
hli Sannazaro, clc rrersuri si proz6, Ilontcnayor al_rltntase
ril lgi va continua ronanul; el nu o face, clar se gliscsc alti
:criitor:i care incerrr:I si, thicl, acliuuea ilai <Iepartc.
Diana
este o carte cu r;isuncti rln sccolul al XVI-lea
a,pa.r lZ erlilii
spaniole, trad,.rr:eri in timbile francczi, errglezii,
italiani,
;i ger.rna;:lii" f:n Shali*speare ,si in Sitl*ly r.f,su'ir ecorrri r:li*
rarmanrrl pastoral Ce }lonttnal.rlr.
s2

Dtr;\NA!
Cartea

a ll-a

i i r'::'-illi llt

(".,)(lc-r:, iiti.ittti,.) :\' r i tt:;li:;iii,j 5." r,;;',r

)ittti ii!.uNi riecil, sti plitrgit odtii ntti ,)
lai', t;tt.flttt,, {i-i, scte c}e da;'trc ?
Ittr, lut:t,intti, sii nnt'pli yi'in'i 'urti.:
l't.ti, ,'lg tnclc, mir'ita, sintiu;'i, trr't"L,
(uL i!u. aiY t,LLrlstLrfr, c!!sprt!u! ci.)
lldJ' t:tiilt fiot sti'1>rfrcf , si sitttl, s:7 ,r1j1r_.,
cliitl laltt-i risipil in ehin riiling.)
I'tr i, t:int fistat'i!ci uztlt'-i titi,
rrir f>'it tlt' ilrtr, ltll (llttt ttilri'it .:
('tr clrif, 't:tt slrilucit't'tr,-isti ttLti'tr'l l,
si, tt :.',rri'ii tl itt t,'ttLitttt!, t:il, ntui t,itt :
( )t'rtittitt rlr u!rtlLo.sl,t,u, nll(.
_f(:lc,
L:ui)t n,'(utt, z'[t,:ttt sii nibi\, tiri tnt :;!iti :
I )itt lt,rtttu'ti li-i ittt';iiu, .{rt:iattr',i i
Ar,r 1r-c futl,rt.i-o ltiiisxni diu ri*;i.r,)
(..) zi t!*ciL gtd+n/tttc tir sod;'i{,t,
!it:.i,
* rhiuit! {c Ttxi-l hdriizi Diatid,
1rt.ti-;itt it.r{:ti nIttV, suferittfd rca,"
ii s{rig crY-i wutld gi cii rni-i !irs;r";t,
llim.k statayitic iln-i hr. ilti;2lt{r e}:ta:
nrg wiin.c te siu.it &i;, Pi!$u.fit ';tt'i-i i(;it.tiri,
yi"a1a-. ;i /setru lintrzaga zttalti r:art
turtild se Ltlt si stittga, tni se f.,rtre .

il rrcuncsclr elnirii gliis ,{ri

la cI qi, cluirir cc s* il;.tin,:1:inirrii unul pr altul cu cit\.inte plinc cle mere pricti-r11i1r, sc l.:pcz;riil. la nnrbra. umti mirt cn frili-Lzlr iro-qrii: ,
Cincl frui:loasa Seivagia

pS,slorul S\.h'ano, se cluse

,l.l

.at

,t

el'i'rsr:ui in lrijilrcr:i iirrei poicnitc, riiai

inr:ii
rl.ecit ,; ;ltrlcrL:.r rloli gilifuu:i1,, liti tristc. 1il:il.critir
ij,.,trr'jt,i t!,_
ril'r a.ririi c. ,r iurllc{tr.iiau, Si 51.li,rrrr,,'irr.r1,ri ji:r;
iil-{.C]11}1 Ul'litrtiiT.l'i

_S,.rlr.iir-,iir.

se rri.i-h -"ii rr'i'j:ir *t:rr'rccirilc aLii tlc fr.irii-ilt

hi;rnritc cc. s6; lsJlilN.;.ist4l-ra siil.ma:rclor fiin{.t

,'i.,rl

''i
l,l ;:;;,

st:1rilAiil.
tirl"-irsc
lri.l,ui*'

:ltit ric uiirlt jrl iulritn. J)ar clintrc toltc utl;,,rccirij,t

;ti,'ittttli. urr llii s(' l)a]r-c rnai clc, te,ntrtt ,Jccir c,.t,, r,..i s._.
ilrLiru;,li ,irrf i c,' 'rnl1l si. \(,{lc irjir:rs i,,ir.,, sliirc (l{.
litn.]i.tttttit-,.,. l:rl rr:i;st ftrcr.g, crtm'biit.. z-ir:clii ii;'i.,;;,
{,'1r l} .1}r ;r jLrrrs si,-l cuJr'sc riiciorlai ir cu,i,lc,r.li.r.
i. tl,'.i
r'.rr.rn virrtlr 1r{r.rrlc, rlrrr- rrsl. rtil <lr: si'iirrir,.i,
iili,r,i
.,si u.tf t rlt, rlri.rrriti irisiclii, irlr.it rltr 111,1;11,r,1.1 r:ii,-r
ol.i
silrt ilr t;itti;tt-r:rr lnlr.l- nisr.i;r'it i r::,1.c s;i-trri ir;s,..it, do-

l.intu

<1c

i*-ii si'u1l - - zist'. S.\'lt;'r rtt' lirt't' tritrrit

cie cltici nu tc-ag piitcii 1i,cui nc{iirrcitr-mi milirtir.np-ufui
-n"i-ti*;
stlllusir
care
ciragoslti'
cnci'
.estc
sj nurc,.i,t,;i 1i6 1,c)tLtc Ii rrtit tlc lirttcririci iricit slt-i

'

i,thrcri i1('(irztr'Ii ir lLii stiLliinit ric c;r( ")

ir ntri, i:rr:hillrri ir.rbit uriirx.: tkr slil;irr:r irrirr:ii

;i iiL'ir a-i qla fi-i' slollrcl riccstci iircJrilrrrir.i, iit*

{ir"z;ii psr cit poi ir acce,sti stlrc, clrr rlup;i. c.lr,1,,,,g1
siL intclt,g urlrr,iLr r.ri stiilii ntr-,1e, Lil.nrin lrtil clc tril-_
l;urrLt inc?i'rr rrt;r s;iL nri-ri iicsi:ri., llc.rirr,r.r., r,irir'i.t]:{l11 ritit{l , ir'}.crrllc s-i-nri Jilrscrsc:i r.iibcliii r,u.
nrcI,-:

S, lr

rqi.r

lrislrrrt)s,.'

* Ii1 ;is.rl'r'i, S5'li'r'rr,r, sli. rtrii stirr rj.si:;iiti.sirllj rli_l

act'rrstl"r lratittii, l)tllil.r1 ;t l)lrlfit rlixl,,i rl, sl,l.s'tl[ :isrl

culll sc crrrc. ( iLi:i nu pr-rii ilorrl, nriri m*r-t' rir'r.,,litl:-r cir

eltagr.rsica cstc rlultii s:Lrr irutili,
I,;r1j.tr:rL nijciL stru
tnarc, clccit s-o lirrzi rlcscr isr r'lc ct,1 .,,.,, ,..,
-siuit.. ciit.i
niciorlatir o lialimli in[]ircit-atir n-lr 1;trlrri fi 1.,1. 1l1.1,lip
el(tscrisi"r. dc linrl;a actrlu ilr t)urc t:-si'il siilrirrlt rlt: i-.r.
A;a ci., fiirid e, iitit tl. s*1*isi rrr.'rirricrilui ritt.lr si
atit clc ncnultuntitir, de ncdrr,l,rtattta. 1)r, c:i1c mi o
facr: r\lanir:, rr.tr r.oi pntca. sir spr.rri cit tlt, iiiult nrir r.loar.e
accst lrrcru.. tr as clr:r:i acc.st lu,cr:* in sc.,,rl t.,
ci pot sil anr dcsiir'ir:sitir llrcrcdcrc in rinr,. ;tiintl

Sylvano suspinti:
* Dar: eu, Sclvagiir, rlr stiri rre sii sl;un si nici re
_
]eac s-ar i:utca girsi pentru r-iiul dc curc suft,rir-lr. poate
ytii tn vterrn Icac clin irrtiurplrrr.e?
311

i13 x' :

, lrculll .l{it', trrt li';'rc. ltr{i.;Jrit'i ''"1't'ttilltllrt';t

Sir iut lnti iubc;ti.
-. - $i ai fi iri stiLre si. iulosc;ti rtctst lcac pcrtli'ti
j * iuii'cl-,ir Sf il'ano.
trrrc'
- -*'---tlupe
cum i; Jroi.6ri rlo:'r'rc'tii si tirrrpul -- r[s.Lll

"'

--- Nrr fl'irrj. r.niilc t:ttrnliiit iniire, fi.rrlli,_ril:i',

Sc,h'lr.qia risl',11

iI51s-r582)

l rL,;irii :.i llrlrlrlil di: c1l'rcii. lipistoici,-: -- 3t'r p;rslLlitza lislc

tttlt'L
l,,r I I il :Ltt(', t1ai. r-lirl piir:atc rn1]lt.e s-au llir-lr-'Jrll.--lttlrcs:Lti"
pll:rrti,
ca
cc-1t'1alLc
rearLrlui,
a1e
1i
i,r'r i(,n:rli1.il. i rr:rLr:Lrcabile
, ri, ri. nrtlc;r rna'lizei psihokr3'icc, i;rrh"clrl;rtc cirtrc sirre
r.,rr ( iilrc :rllii. Piarctii:a vie!ii dc ascez-i i--sl.r-r in[ii!i'ritliL
rr,[..r ,r;rl;i irr Liclqurile s:rtl Castelul Intetior {Lits Moradas
rr Castillo Interior), opcrir alcgoricri; vilrla spiriltirrliL, ascrrf tili tLtttti c'.t.stcL clin diailrrul'l ,1i t:i'isl;11. ati:: ilillll'lri):r!e
rrr ,i|'1 i. S..:iicrill itr prc,ziL at {or!ir, plrclt:l; 1tr' itt \''r:rrri

I{,'rscLr tii. j;r,tv

la irrtr-o l ;i rrii lic nr.ilijJii. }.r:r rr.rir

llinrl vic]ile sl inf i]r.rr; ;i
r(i$raite cnr':r.li)rcit.i. Sub lnriurirea Canfcsiunilor lui .Ail:3r,.sr_iir
irrtrf, in olclittul carrrrelil;clor. I;i sgpune trupul gnr:i r,1nrc
vie!i ascrtice, cilre ii e,lrtrn.cin,:-r sfuitalel; corpul iir:r,v
p:rro suslirtuf .lLrar rl; o ir:i.ens;i fr:rvr;ere int*ricord., Al.e r,iairr*i; in urrla nnci asllcl rlc viziu*i a pcrl,:p:etror tli' inf*r*
:ie holirislar sil iircercc o reforuullr: a orilinuh-ri ri.Lr cr,lLr;i-r-llr:rc, \,/iil.!:i,r t1,: actit'itatc o a.ilricc in rnijlocrrl contrad.icfiik:r
;;i rrcrlnfelrglrilor g11r.gn1e, C:rrtea vie{il ntele, scrisf de r:ni
L:stc drrnnutnfi inclririf ici; se goviic inlrc a o rJcporla in
Xridii sau a,i inlerzice si pifiii$enlicii lloiedo. lintuziaslir gi
vohintar;i, 'l'erc;a este sprijinitf,, de personaliti!i ca tr-uis
cle I-e6n gi Juan de la Cnrz; de ieznifi, iar nai firziu tte
Iiiiip al II-lea; cl obfirrr pcutru ca acor:dul papr:i, iar Teresa
i*tc'reiazri ;i reformcazi nurucroase mil^H.stiri. .D'pi *rr:arte
a fost buatificatd. (1611) ;i canonizatn (1622).
Teresa din Avila scrie prozi si versuri. fn prozii o;r la,si;
printre all-cle, Cartea vielii mele (Libro rte su Vida); nurrit5,
qlc scriitoare si Cartea cea mare sau Cartea milostivlrilor
Doinnului (Libro granrle, sau Libro de las nlisericordias de
Dios), prLrbabil corrlplisi lrrire 1562*-1565, ea tuldf igt:azd,
espericr:telc vielii sale interioare. Ca o continuare a Vief ii,
Cartca fundafiilor (Libro de las Fundaciones, scrisi, intre
X573*1532).crpune activitatea de ln{.enr.eietoare si rel,o::nr.a,toare clusii de ea iutre 7567*1572; aici sc imbini-r viirta inte,1'; (-lcpctlir),

.1r}

,lhunnrh

sc, Ierr"itrca.zi c

lrirr irrr.-r- a.t:-1o-'":,:o;t crcCin!li saic' A liisat pulinc pocllc si

nl l ilr' :riqrrr i.:iL ii. ap:rrlin tont.e ccle 1:tple clrlc i -so alribtlitt"
( ,,lrlri r-r csi.o \:[.[,"-S r-\ItI \,'IA:f.i-N '\'IlNt', {Vivo sin vivir cn nii). \'.r;.'sttr-l1e cil nliri jos espr:irnir prr':trlt'sttl crrilin
irl i)I(.rlrici 1}tr-rr.tii, iil c:.rrc 0lnrrl ar gir:i Viirll.r ci:lt adlrvilt'al;i;
-l
,r i, i i.rr"i:srr d i' ':\-, ila. cr'to incil prtte r'ic rnltlilr-a'li'' I);r t, sl)l'c
,r;r'lrit't.r
tllr sr:r.rlir:lit;t cYtiini merlirt, p3 ea llLI t' itti' r's' rzli
r[,
;rlrr{tirt:liikr tt]rrlo:-iitlc, t-rirttrt trLilat.'.-lit' 'lLli l:[i:isiLr:;' i:[lisl cr:Ltcili,.lrt iistir.il,.rt0 0 r';ivii;it.0:rrr, t.lrr[crc in {al:a riLuliilii or1li-'rr.1;ti;rt i.ir',';;i li srrl'-lt'itt.!':i \'irlr)r cttl'c 1-tlitttt:it' -s1"1 o iililiilc ci'[
rri,i,'.],t.'ir tltr lt lL:,:tli ottrl:llircllt". i\l. Lrt:a t-i for'!ir tltr iilliil'(' c| {acc
si i rt'.rrlii ci-l srtIlL:trtl:lc itn'bt.rl]-li1.r:stt:1>rin r1l'111'rstc si nu lirin
t'l iriliL'r'. L'lcii plitrul s'lnLimi'ntr''1ot ci nu sc []'\:ttrl -s:r't i'li:r''t-'
ii,,,,r' i,r ;rcti'ititca monahal;i, i' relaliilc cu .:ri.rtrii; t'li lti-

rli jr.irr iUric Lr,|rlizarrra in tlra.I3oilca n'listiciL---il.11irca crt lIriii.r,rs"

(1,,:,ilnt.incirr-i opcra, G:orgc Cilintscu scrLe: ',ije topra in
I )rrrrrrrczcn ca miribundtl ctr lurniuirea in ntinil ca c clorcr:,''te
sli rno:rrir. fixtazul ci cfiL ittt siri dc agonie pfi1l c3'1c lnurea
r)ot]lnrtl"'.
li!.trt l.u tolrtc Irrcr.rrrilo lrr|T ii slro a sc lrttctr:i ti*

l.\'r

l""s li'Ilr1i VIA"I'r\-\ [in.N]i1]

(lit'rrglrrrctttc)

l" i t'-s l'tii,i via{,i-tt tttittc,

i:icliil;tnllc ii dtrc dor,

Si-nsl/:et illov.fiindcd lixt 1}x01" (.".)

-"-; iil^, S,'rtr 'ft r'csx tlc 'it'rtts. ALrtt, cotttf lrl'/!, T\lirdriil,
.',-.r,iler, 1S57. irl r<-rrrliirr-.ir: dc l!tqt:'t Dit ''ttt 1i ('t't ncl iu
Cc':tioy tii: sh'i

"

J/

('it i( lid;';.r
:;t f,,11

r-urs ltit I.]toN

it:l,j:,-.t,:

vi'r',", JLiI-ttLi f i , ;,;rti,,i

t,,l (: i!.i t,,i;ni;t:-ir .i,r!,i'

sltrt,-tt, tc-,r'itce, i! i r;

t|s27 --1591i

I,iii;,,t:
-,'i;:

/t:ci ;;;,tr!.i i-ttsi'.;h[.

ir,.,,,
tt;;iti itiOtli i i,(j-aj;tij;i ?1.1q1)i.,

;1t!

g[*o:;1ie

l rit;t,.f:ii;itic:ti tt,t.t, ritor. (...)

iali, Ci: ltai irlt Stri-l tl,it tii..

r: /t riir:;i;-lt i;tit;r,
,h: ttiL sit /c !irr,l ,\; l7;1st,
htttit,t't'i ltrin l..l :;,i ::ldt'tti i
,lI()(.t,/i( )
s:t.*f. Lttn, Inti ttrit,iti,
.(10,
tici do El riri-t uLi( tlor,
;i-usl.it l rtiar ti ittiu,"t iii! itt(it.
l.i:i,

l'

c,!t

. ,si li1>sil,i /iiit,! t!c i:tt,.

;!,t t t' i: t{r,!ti-o.c lt:'c.1 f I; i;t,
,i.lJt'.tt. i;ttl,ltt, Jil;ft c l;tJft.j.ii,
t;yt! ii!d. p;ttru ar:5ititr;.
!l ,i t;tt i rrs1.' ,lc ;ll ji,'i,
'1t
t:ti.-i ii tt, t'ti t tttrtrt tt ril oi'
;;i-ostjcl i;tttr .l:i,i;;JtLi iut t,t0/. {,..}
t

trii.sclit i'li Griura-rla-, e I i;i

S:tlarnanca, lir' ltitiverVailttlolicl,
{ace ;1.rrrlir lc LL ,\lrrrh-irl,
in{'r'ir in ort]'ifirl cirl&ln
l5'.l1
foJcrl;.
rIin
;\lt:rlii;i
sititliltr
girril,r.r rr.rrgusl iui. 1,il, 3il clc arri inc.jpc sir, prcclea cul.sriri Ia

D,, ,rliginc cl;rlricil,

SallrtllArlca. Clontlratlicliile in proi:lcrue

di.t-r t|c divcrscl c orcliltc ciilugiire;'['i
tco
,.1u,: l:r nu l)r()r:{li rJcschis i}e iLrchizi}ic, in 1572, 1ri:potrir,'a
Univr:i'siirrl.r:rr
l, r;; i,

:t:

rt c i

rlin
Lt

tt:l cgct:ilo

L:,in. Ijs';c acnzat a fi arritai cror:i1c vcrsittnii lat.in,' :r llilrlit:i - - rrrportatc la tc-";'Ltrl eblaic, ;i de a Ii incirlc:ri ,r itrl..i'rtlic!.ic a' concilir-rlui. din llirc-'nto, il:utlr-tt':il-ttl in clstilirr.ti Cintarsa Cintirilor. in liru'*i cel,r r:int:i ;'rni cit
llpyr:1r z:'r, yrrotrttsttJ, l.trjs tlc Lc6ir r-:;tc iuchis i1572--i576)
lui.l--rir's ,.le

t.r, 1',,.1111ilo1i,1. (.orrsitltrt'ti-

lrinit ll, lt'tuii

1.]cl

iiltltllr, i

se

firgi,trrir' s:-r ;tlt"1,lll tlilt ttttu cttt'sttli lll rttlir:c^rsilattl'

l,rri:; t1,.: l-c,itt cstt: tttr. tt:rrt:lisl ; iltlltilalcfal' il intcrcs(rirzl'i. ttrt,it'tttlti,ir'lt, ltlr.lrlii:iltlt, 1;it:t.ttt'a, l1ltrzil-a; tcnrciflic
( ul1r).;( ai.i()l' lrl ttt,r;tt'ttirii t l;tsi,':r', lt-aductr, pc lingil pilrfi
,liu lliblic (Psalrtti, Carte ir ltri Iov;i Proverbc), sCr-iitori grcci,
Iltini si it,lrlit:rli (r.l irt I'iurl,rl:, jiuliPitlu, \'ct-giliris, llorlltirrs,
lllilrrr'ilrrs,,'\rtsotrirts, Pctrlr.rea, llcrn.bo ctr'-'). ,\Utorii Iui prcr'liloc!i sirrt 1)iti.Lgcra, Plntolt, Vcr:gi1ins, IIor:a,tius, nugustin'
S..rlic in linr'l.lr latinir ;i in castiliatit' Iul;itor al arnronici
anticc, aL Pr;ntlerii hr:ra,lione, avinctr pasiunca cnnoa;terii
gi rcspci:lul ialitinii, l,uis dc Lc6n, scric, in prozi li in veri,rri, oirctc pc tctuc proiiirlc;i rcl igiort;c' t)itporlopc't':r irro;'ni
lui csi,:r cr:,usirlcrrtir. Detrttnririle lui Hristos (Los Nornbres
E

39

Iristo;,;l;iLlraL:i in;tri.j: rL: iirrh.i:.i,rarc; ilir-rrn i:ilo.g,

'.iiili;irli ;rlrgitsLil:i !.orb{)jc rlc:l-irr: :ic]rinlI;cil.t ja Jor s;[Irr'lii:'i. 5Lrr,:r'Jr: crcstine :ri srrr:crc pirgir]c sc i'rbi'il i, :rccst
tli:;. 1,,,:1 iji.'r.ii-i, I'I;ncrtrl*zv Fejar-* sp,u:l,g cL rru il poa{rr
corn_
,dv

iir

I1:r

\t

11

Ir';:l

r_r:r lLl'ilic,l"l

.p*sii dr-i,,tns;i.t;tttd
H\tljtr'ie Ix airt,

tr,-i

cxr slt;Itd. ..trtitna

oti ittineiltoasd litttbd

tIc" nr"l t17 ttt sirisiiri
lol t.: ,' o.ri;:dif dt t.. i;

ie si f ru1]iusr:fC til.rr-it cu t:clr

PJi_itor:.ice,

{.lir.:;;r jr.tt.ir_-ii, 1r:Lrir:;r ci.,a

rnai c'*.scnt;i a cir:a1.ici

s. t':, rr;r ;i f.:;t |'biic;t.iir i' limp'l i.ie-fii, ik:;i L.Llis rlcr
.{.1rr,;1 ir1-.q;-llrite o culcgerc iL {.iuror pocziii.:: scrise
sau
ir-r'ii:r:.,r dl e i {rcie l.rigirv.r.lr sinl tu;ti
tic ii{J) . Au iost
|rrtin
ti;,lLi:ir' i;r l6ill cie, (Jricr"crlii.
5-:l rr.rlirii irrlotrLrlunlr ilrsprc jlllni:nia lui I,Ioriitius

:i'.

lIai *ttt,tllttntil t'tt si;ttl

tril tlr'P,(l itt '1,';ct"! aittil ttii &t"+"1,i,
i,ittitri nl .l',tii;tt i i'it:!,
cu, s;fairl:?, t';*.{n tautii,
( ttr li ti
ti t t'i ?
tt rt i
c tt, ti st{i

it:,r.iii;:i 6ri.rr,zitri sltlr.. I)iirrrir:;o,\lorrso cci'sirlct.ii. cir priictica

ielrn.ui:llrr,i cstl, tlc olillirrc- elrr:icri. ln cda ilcirinal6

(A la vida rctiruda) s. r'iirirr;i:l;r;'i.tivc lior-aticni: l'ii3;rzll, irLr,:Lrr.il. n;.Li.irr.ii. l)ar sPi.c rk:oscbjr-c cle l-Iorat'ius' r'!i(ii.r'r:ilr: lui silrrr-e pii,u lrccc'tu r r'ai p'tcr'ic pc cc..rdltrrtc{;: itnL-ri:;il.g. i3 cr:k: rlg uai jrrs, l_.ouis Je.[,r:dn {1ccanti_
t:za ifit.t'e izctr;,rlca ca1*5 din si'ti,l n.tir.rii s.i, zl-ruci,umu.l.citaitin, i.tr:rXe r:r.tnui e:!ltr eltli,r.it de fctrri,i* goa*it cir;rpir. oarar"
ii
[i iini;, i:.rr rlr n liir": n 1,ru, *.lc dririg.,trc, b;'i-nLr ieii: s i rcii:ntitlente.

I t' t

r'

tt, t'

t:

tLt:',1

viei'i i stiiita'e

1 r.\

0, tntt.itlt, riu,

Ltr, sitttt.l 1'oslrtt :'hot/

c& lt u,il& lri rt li lart ,
Jt t g

l'^\ soLl f.\Ir.i,

ilrnit

lrti,iegte,-n aeci
t!N g!'! .{wgi'nrl d.e*ztcihndsecltz lunri,i,

pe {,winite /:oteei,

i tiic; nzt-l i)cii nr,iriridu-l

jasp prop{it de iscusilt/ r;!n;rr.

1.T-rirr: Anfolcgia Csncya.l

.[ n ;,' l:,i,r r
iic tie .l l;.r

..r.

ur

7t1:sslii

;i,

[,atii

di*.[*tt,
urtttxt, slottotlci-it ti*lrtrtl

ltt'i'ttrLtit i'sc Jtcsli:';irtisttrci"

Ie

-nt'ti

su'tfii:(i

[.ir,ttt.

!lac

iltL scuf

i't'reotl*tti, {...)

f'c houirtt is attt l'ttt'("[ ,

dt tttina tttta sdriild, o gritliltLi,
ce-n' toi de frinttYvarii,
dc ilori fntutonsc ltlittd,

V-{:t{it. Capei.t's clc atil',

rti

l'is lrmg;i

ii

aindi{c slrtlirt

nu-t tttlhu,yd. gi:;tduf

al gr*nrilor infiinutrnli k:cur

i!

rru, grijo, ccQ, boltt(ta;t',

/ttii laSd-tt critt calLa llL ,

Ce'ici

x.

u,s t,:i - t rJ'tt r I r t t t u. I

'
cirLla,rca lttYsdrilor, nuruft latd,

t,i',i;;i, stdpini l>c Itnnt-n!, lupcitrnii !

d d i'

Dt:;tc[>

bdtu,tc tloay ele !urii;,

in

ttrt -tri lJtti-ll c|'1|ti t itt, t:tut

cultt, cci ct vi$,1{1 PxtYii

{ l: l'agmL'n't.r')

V"

iz't:or!

o, luittilc itt, t,rci dt:sf'tilftlonrt !

!.a tr,itet,atw,cr. Esfaiiola:, ap.

/^cle,.(;ot.u+ i ,

a1t,'af>tti'

41)
4+

rod cc sigttt' o sti t'ind

($l

,!i irrlt' f Q1:;tl)r , !,i1't:,i ,

s_-i i'i?clti .i i -( " 0 6,"('.Zs t ;t- ; : ;' t r ;t : i t i t I t' .
.f
,i in asl'y11 ./.isc a!.ttr';;,i

.f

u-,\-\

ili I.,! i' li t, z

i',i'ani

!, s-c tiis/i/c

{u i;ii?!i:.i)tii,!r trn,it s,i1l,!;,lr. {...l

I;tiiits

i in !:z:!;i,
i

it

itt, tn;t,i,rti. t,u,

iu!t;'i

o:.t.1!li{!

r5J2 I 5!r l)

.l'.t:

l.:i,!l t tr)nt;tti

1)!L'1't'1!

t,tt,iit tit tttt:: rigni

trti!s t;iditstt'tt , lttittt:iiti fty 3]r,,,r;.

T
,1. \, r'prrs \' -ilr;rt-'-'z q" tl:r:'Lt' iliir-r' ll'rliiiic
.f,,,,'
,irrl;r' l)ul';-r 'i lltti'lt't'-t "r iiliil'riti'r
':,r,',,r,litt
It'tiirt'i.r
:Lrl'ii;rrj:r ii:
iillr lln : Iil.rl, illlr:r irt 'rtrlitttrl t "t.;ttIlitil"r''
l;(i;"rrlil()irsit'1)ii'i't:ri:cli
lrrS.rl.ttrt:ttt'.r.iir
,,rlr"iirrll,rt,rt1r,ri
,lin .\r il;t :;i ,,,' lrll;i :rlli1111 i rlc itrilltl iilrr li rlt' r(rl(;lll''lll:c It
\,1.('lijltl]rli .liIr l..il.{';ll}1iIr.[,,i l.:r.'1tltt.ttl. \ttstL.t.iiilil.:l 1.1)ilifl}]{111]f
lilrrl] 'li';rl-rt
,.)stilitillt).r r!lrllt\;r' ("lll'"1i;
i)1',)l)1!t1 :;l"it'ltcstr.]
I't:itslii)ia:i'lt;tir'
tttt;1,ri:ai
irlil-!r
i?)!ririri
r1i:
tsl.a
l.rrtlr-,..2
1,.,,,i -1,.,,_,u
Llir ,rrilrji rlili'l'r;ui].i.t-r in llri''irlr--;iti'lc i-r'lirrll)(rir-rf cli;r itr" s1;t't''
rl' t':si. iz'llt
i
si ii ;ii lr i v it'1 i i su l'ct:i'l i tt tr'in pcl'sl'':ll t i i tlttrt "li
c;'it':r'!oSclit'
172ij.
(';rlli)1lizlti.
in
l',rst
llrrlitl;
,\
.i iir,:,'r'c,,r,'-{,
'[nttrnecrat:i
lloilpte
jr,,r.ll irri. r.r:rl,r:it'j(r:,(.trci
I),)r,.,lri'rti'itj,t.:
(C*nspiritual
altrra),Cilttec
a sufletultti (Noclro obscttrl rlcl

tico espiritual), l:lactrra iubirii vii (Llarnn de atnor viva)'

(.rl'lrl lr.rli i)()(.1]]l'l)1ll.lt l.;ll.t'1r;rt.[1. .iirtil-.tltl cii.]tt ttt.ti]l,t: t.1i.

Itr:t':t.i rli: cirltiltt'i, srrlltiitl s'' 1'tttili'i' rlizttit'str''i1l-r'('{rlll{)piri:r t tt ,,rl irrl,it 1tl Anrado); si :r'1 l' 1, .51'ttl)( l){r('1rrl' i;i

,ttirrl;,,lirrrrrri;rsill)r.{.1l]:i..lrr.rrt,l,rltt( tttzsttii,sttlrlr)lll};lllt}irtr
l.fit.iltio ,1,1,:tt:itiltlt', t'rtilrrltilti ii irt i't'"zi' :tlt rr t>l'ir trr i
ii iir':llitrit c|rrlit t i:ttitlt'')' 1)i'trrt;isti :\lclllso
l)i)i.iJllrr (i:eitri ttrirli-ii

iitirliliil;isllirril ,.rrli-slefttlrti lalinit-r" a1 pocz-ic'i Irti Juatr

rlc l;r (lt'itr-: I'r:.l.il iil.r'ittl'ir:(rlr lloczici sllillliolc trarlifiolr&1c 1i a
i1'rrlil'irir; ol''sii:vil Ifii{lcdclll
])r)czitri lrlsi'rt:lric '1c insi-'illr;ie
.,,lir,iniziIii,, inl|irgirril,tr-iitl.itirliine sj trliri alcs ui-iiiz-itr,:a ccl'ir
:i;or:il11-tt iLriririi irft)1il11!', irl'itcrtlLltt vi:tlti, iili ilrril in C?nta-

a.t.r,rg,.,

4:i

reA Cintafil0f, J,,r.g,_.(irr.illil1] Ilr-)tciizi-r

ci-L ilrll:tlLlr::r nlct:rfo{i'iirtcrrtia a,I'r.*1rri, r.:ri rcrliL s,.,r''i{ii:iLl itr r.ci1g;unuL,
'e1Lr.r
rj:it'l,iirs.tr rirr lcl r.Lr ;rutotromii:
i)r)rttic:i ,i. r_.r.r-;111i1q1 carc slge".
l;r iLL Llir-i tir,ri, s j rir';rgrr,.tca
1ll-llrrLri, 1)rn1.r.lr cir r,,:rLresc
1,t'-'zj
' \{r1.(
:tl,t,.

i\

-: ,lc-;r1,.

, .it:r l,t.

t't:xlit'.\'t .\ \r).\t,'t.tr ,\

sL.itt_Iil.u1_{_rI1

. LLL (.:t tt.\ ii., tL ltutr,L.ttt.t

tlt r,ltitttr.l tlt ir::oslt i itr.l rL,i.litrlttltl,
.'.1, ; it,, i :i I i ttt,,,.t,,,....
.t
1,.t1 t f,r (!,1 t/; . ,.,lttl,i.
irndu-nii uri t.)t,t)til(i t{ttrt lr,Ltlti.
-f
,

ri,, i,: t :ltr'tisg:,..' ;,:1.,.,t1ii

r^.. '!, ,t'/;,.. :it ttl,i .jtt,,"i,
|
.f tt;;11 11 )t't tt ':tttt'/,i r',,tse l. ,tlJ,
t.l"

"

f.tt
i/n tir,tr.!lc
"tt..i{tutti,.f;rit
tt:.:ri ;'il,j ;i scilitt;i,
tt t i ilttt c.c
Jac,_ce .{aj>!t:,
.

{t,t: !itLl dO&t., drrJ-,1 lltTttitt^"t,

t"! .f, (' rl,' t,itt r i17i1t,4 i1,i-i
!,litt,i,

rltar cayt-t;ti /utlittu

ni;ti sigur ca nntiat*, siini.
s t ;'t':t tt dt r:; -astert:ltr
rtrc{ ce ,uui ct!ini,

{.

ii

i{

sti

7:

'

it

i tt,l

rl

r'

ttt

t ttt' ,'

utn slttl ,

(r:
/,lr'ritrtltt-ttti tLr'lir" t:i(tt: t I uliit.
.\i lolrtl il'ttt)t:lfil :
ir,'l i tt isti tlii'(t)t, l:;itit,
rrilrr'li f,t'i ti!rt cti tti ct:-tttr iitJlttiil.

i,t

l',' ftitf;litl lltt:it i:t, .flttcrr",

cr ttit]tl6i ltti i: in,i,7,
1,,'
tl0t iltttt (tt i;1;i;ri(rtl.
l'.'tr tltrttr. itr.f itiru!ti,
sirttl itt,l ) :!(;[r,i'.d t:tilrila/ , ,itt'&!ti.
itt itii.t,

('itti Ltt, t:il.c'rt t:l ifiiti,

i i t iis.[i t tttr, rtttd,ttiltto,rttr. f,lto'li,
tlr ttritttr, i lirtislilti
si ttrlr'rtttr r:ii s ttrirtl.liirtl,i
/',',',il fi tt, rr'ttlrtt,,r ;'itttlir'rt' ttri Ittttlti'

{)rbtci.nti.l q,rilr,
h . /,ritttr.i ,,,r. ,:(I:.,i. ,.il.

('tt.ttt ttt-it,i t:it li*:t: { ,

t,, ti\illlL: j (a o :,i itt*i' Iu,ttiiittt'ii !
Itrltil,i ctt iu{tlt,
u)tinl , ru./bsf ilt;utitttit
itt ('Ll It.,ltit i;ti'iitt ltrt:stltii;:llttlii'

I llt:|. ,

itc l,titiud pttslitt,

!,i;,i !t'it:irtiT.

'T',i";,;1i1,;i,i;',,:,','fJ"',i',,:r,r,,,'i,!,trr!;n,,'ro!ur,r,

n:;f;aitota., op.

SONIL l-

LiI- i\Ii()r\Iil{

r r, .r,,,{

rltin sl,rlilcir-ll n.llti stts, t1i:l itlcclr

{t'r'!ci irrslli rt in-

sjil actcilto crut,i'r ii lrri Ltli..i, c3tc il frtcc, ca' clirr ilragcsic'
urrraliir
dragostc&
{il
at;tot',,,"
r iljr.irlc'rr: .llf ir 1';.'t;.t7s, o,! iitt,
scri;r
vcrsilti'
clolril
Uiliilclc
d.irillc'
itit-'ilii
ai
l
{lircsc
r'r:i,u
r.,,lr.

r,'r'. t,uit-.aitli1.:az.-l voiri}it 11$ra1l:-L' Iirtr-a'de"'irr' cottt-itirltrci pt-r:'

l:rl r'ir I\'l'itli't a iLrriirii rtccontlif ioilat'e u'r ritspnir<lc
srlirieclir''
,'
drri'
un
litirtitrr
cll
1,.^',1,,:tii:c;
"
r,r
ll1,i.{

VcrljLut

:i(,ucL irn(,ll.itn tLc t}rai

.i,-,s.

iitrbIicaI iii.ia Pr.ilr,jnit rlLlJle ;i itcii nerezolr.a.tc ipr,_

u.."j,,1 clatir.ii si lirL,LcmiiLf ii saie. A fcst
atrii,ir;t
1:r"
trl'cs.1*dc Cepcda 1. A"lnrruada, lui Francisco
fgltr_
Javier.,
cio <ic l-,:yola,, pcitro tle los Ilc1,cs, .\ntoliio ric
ltijas
*chiar
oirinic singril:rrir .--. iui I{iguel de C;ncr.,ua, sau
ceei{
cc ilf r)l'L-s'pn'c oir ar" Ii fost src:ris ra, inccpntur
scc(,r1il*i
;r.i X\'{.I-lca. Dar f,u,-l*,ig piirurll, rVarcci
l,lataillou ;i Ler,
crerl c:.i .l 1i'r: irirti rl,,,gr:r!,iL tlc slir..ilul .;eircriliri
ll_:t::r
a!
X\.I-lc;r "
Lto SLritzer. sLrlrlinir.r. unilultr sonctuliri .,*Lnrc: t.rri
a lrr i
cirrlicii.: inteicctual la inccpul si lrr sfirlit, t,.l;,i
cste, 1;r r.it ij lr'c,
1)1rri enloti\riiatc.
I)intre cele trc_i r.-irtrr!i otrtlirralc solctrrl sc()ate
ir lLrrnio;i
car-itri.tca; ca_izvor-Ilte clin coutcml.rlitr.cri lr.li
I{r:jst ristignil: ;
a ci:lui 1:111giJis2l, , clcr cnit simbol aL sufclintoi ,rrr"rr"lU,
si, ma.i cu seami., siurbol al uria;ei iubiri carc,
rniutui pe a1!ii c1e sufe.rinli., i;r asripr.ri-;i dLrru-ea. 1_.entlu a-i
inA.rrrn.,f ,
trer.oia de a-l iubi sc na;lc tle aicii.
spitzer nota <lulrra s'gestie :L'er-r,u.1, i,toi,e
r c:.rc ir-rclicfr,
acelasi
timp mi;car-c:r Iizicir ;i alcctir.:i (r,mglia). l-il
in
srri,_
liria dicotomia cer-i.nfenr rlin r.ersuriic 2-3 10_l
I
.si
niorli_
1i
{icarea, inliual, aplarnr'lui ir:teilectual, cilrc
irpll.o ac.rrru ilunri_
imaginea centr-alii. Cleclem insi cii
q*
nn rlin imagine;i
"nl
su{crintei
fizicc izr-ortiitc iu sor.}ct iulrir.c;r penir.u llrjstc,-c
rn;r o:tlrh

ir.

ill

1698,

-c{)N i1't

t:-l-,\\(rNl}ll1

Sri lr: t il l.,r's c , tt I)uft,lttti c , il1! ii!t:.1-ltil cntnn 'i

i c,'t'ttl cr i1 uti, f,i1;rirLt:iiu!,
-- tcnur!. cttiitliititi
si"-ti,ii,:tr,r,, r;rvt'rtr' .[i iri iaA
'sii
lrisld
t:L
ltt-il
st)
utii .f't:i't
' ttlt'-1ls(oniilti '
trtt

, I)ttttttttt:, tnLi i'ttLr''stltti:'"-11 lttrtl ft'iitife

, !itttc li.t Ltttjuttril.t.Yi,. 'iittltttr'i: ittti cstc ct|t'JIc& lr! l'&1lt!n!;
itrilttrLti ini.-(t chitu"!l lt!';t. ii-tt tt, !iei;'t,
'.1'tt

f ift111,',r-

ittti t: ittltit'.it ttt" i'it sittt,

t:ltiur ((( tt-ul ,'rtllg'-11 t:c)'i
irtlti
'tlt tr-ttr
iu,l
.li, ltantrr, l& tlt'{tv tirt('
I

rt,lLtrLtr

.'rr
'ti i,' rt.s

,\'rt rti t:( ttri tltt sri lt itr(tLsc ft't' litt'::

si
Iit rltittt' s,i trrt ttttli :l;1'v 6s sftat"
','tittt
lt itrl,tsr lt'i't'i irtl'i, slii Ititrt.
{[iitr: ,:l tttoltryiLr ()ttt,::t'tl t'lt: It l'ilcrthtrtt ]:slt'rir'"1'r' oil'
t,{. i,r l',lll;"tll()i;' tlt' ('rilrili't ( /'r;1ui'';54;'

I
t

,, ,1 li l!rr:ir, 1)o lIcil;,1.])i:ltc st 1,ii:t h,tz. l::1il i;rir'r1 ir'rl'rl1t;r:

st triiil{}'i rl r r., rlrrtir thiril-iif ilc pc cati ic !i.i'itrllittp.in;l ;i
I ,.i , il,l,l. r lrl,Lrl ('\Ln l,l-irir:r 1ii11li :..L,pr;l r ii l:l1r i.i \i'r''
' { r'i rlcit'slrg-rt1,

\.1,\:! ,\ Lt'l

L'\2.\ltll.{'i)
(

I)l-

l'{')ti\i l'l:.'1

liritl-irtl;,rt.itl

f'-\Li.fL.-\ i:, l li f
Capitolul II

.tr{,..,,,,,,rr,, J lr i(.rr r:L.sc Viata lu i Lazari

llo de,[ertlles
Yida d,el Laz$r,il,to de Torrues
!rd sus fortunas V aOve$"sidadcs) ap;Lrr: in lSS4 in trci eclifii
{Bruges, Alcald" .L,rr,*uuJ.
.:)iu i se c:Lrr.rDlstc autcilul. L,a incepltul
s"ccojuiLri al X\i1 X,trta
i'otcz':lc iiLr irlcii ciit'c
drtcga,
a1:oi l)iego }i.urtnrJo
Jua.'dc
qle

(I.*

ll;ndr:za.; *-a mai menfionat

Schastjlu. ejt:
"oio*t*'Iui
si s-n prl,snpus chiar existcnfa
u:rr:i relatiiri nr-rir.r_
liicg.al icr: li tcnticc. .Diu ca*za anticrcr-ica
r is'ruiu i riiorcrri-,
iit IS5g ciulca cra pLri;iL l;l inrlcx. llcxtLri. sc
,,rt'rrr:;,r.r*,, ,,:
rirrJi'ul iur'iLririi.riuir.riri;i:r I l[-it:;r
i;r Lr.,rl i]-r*strir. ilr.,,riiii;i,
e;i'i, apar.c irr ISZ3 l;i ,\Latlr^i. Lazeri.llo pedepsit (l_azeriil*

tr'tt":ttrillo irrtri itt sltr-il'11 ttltttt ttt lt' ('t .l' I

ilI ottl crir, orlttrl' 'l trlif ttt il'' t/r' till'r' sr
.fttIo::t'tt cr't' stit :ltrtttIi triii ' irtStiittt/tt-t

JI'rr:o;rco

r-r

casl igarlo) .

J-ir''l i;i por-cstcslc

-so:,1a, iri.iia.
S* :r,;s,re
'i'tar)i. 1a pLr
pc'ralruilc riuhii -ri*'res.
copiriLric pare lliiriizit u'i*i
trai grcri. Iati"rl f rrr.ii.; rlrrpir, r.olrrtea f i, b:,Lial*l r;ilni*c
in grija r.rranrei car:e i;i cistigi csisicnta spiilfurd rir{-e gi
girtincl mincare penlrru stutlenti; clcr,ine npoi
oo"..rU* o
nt-tui negnr;i malri a unui copii c1e,-ul.rar",
iar ctrupi ce
ornul este pr-ins;i ct cu trro,tii perlepsif, ajunge
9i
slu.jniLt;l
]a un jran. Cu grcu i;i hrlnc;te cei <ioi {ii; cinrl
urr {:cr.ieiof
orb, in trcccre irc la han, il cere pc Lazat-o ca s6_tr
in,rot,Lr.f;._
;easci pe ch.urnnri, ea ij incrocl_in1.cazi, stijncl c[ nrr-tr r,a
nrai vecic;r nicic,rlrriir. Jnocenta poten!ialii'a
copijuluj este
distnrsi, c1c pilda pr:;'rrrnlui siipirr; oerscldrul :_gir,,:r,r
si
adl

1',,

1r \.t"(rit.t(,it aceasta lar hiirt trilscsc llll tli ir, r'itt r,ri.,
l:iiro'tti-i-sc. cii ctl as fi tocmai crtl cr--i lrr.i'ruilr, nr:i

(('r'ir lnill)lel ;1 ca mi i-ircrr]clinfi lui, spunindn-i ci-1'

sirrt {r-'ciorul unui om de isplar-ii, clire -c;izuse, .slrl'e
i,1,,,,t,icitldi^tci, i' birtllia dc-la Gr-lrc:t s;i ci ta trir6t'r
rri<[t'irlt: cii irtr'r'oi ic5i, cu ajiltt-,rul iLii DltntLe:zetl'
;;i,'i i;i,t ilt'cit trticl-rn'cri, 1i-l rrrga sii sc pt'rrtlc l'itte
(lr luitr( :;i sii nri lribi in grijiL, cici.tt'lrttr oli'rn' -h'l
,.,',1,,,,,,',' , i ,t,.,, 1'11 f111:{:, liiii-n*-r'iL lLt't lt' t I ta $t t:-i I rltro iti'i, .i cl .[itr rt<lt viitat. $i, ast[t l,-it:ct 1'tii
ilr{-11 siilpin'
l,iLi.r'i'ril
pt:
r-rr:til
iir-1
cottcluc
1i
1,i0, ii

llin:
Pro:a satiritti -shailial(i, Ediilii,. pe nlnt iittia-*loi""t'ioia,
l9SS. 1'' romAuclte clt'- lrrra i"r'ut;::sl'ii'
;ni""i*-'rl"ia infrtnserca sufcriti' in 15il c1e lierdiiu$ld
instill C.tt'ct, in rii;:i';i:li iL' ;;' i1'1I i lilrrslrli t,'!i,u1
Loarrl,:.i"'*riti1

tnr:,
""

i,r#i;i,
t:',rc

c1e

ai,r"airi""."a" llbilip.r.t.ru c1i:t:...gr:r'ria

co;rsti etle a-cestora (n,t.)'

+9

Stirtrri'ii'i i:iie
;rire irr Slrlarii;irrr;i.'n, rJ;rr. si:';r.,iriirI
'. e iliig,i iir.1;ar-te
il.. iri*iiul*-i*sc
o. i.r'r,ii,liirriij
ior', hniiti
: si' i iirrl' t,i,li,r., *n,*'.1"'rli;",.1i,*
-5:L';,J11-tr
ril:!. ,litii.r. irr_nrr. \.i,1 lrlitna si,
I,lirrqii:,.| ,,nri,iio].'u*
irrri ri, t,' lrjrr,.,.ii", ii.,lr,rr;r, ;,iE1'11r1,',,t;ili",
.;;;;',:i';,-,;;;
s;.j. i,.r ot.;i i,i.r.l, :\i
r,,_til oui'.iirrrr."i.O, ;iD,*.
;;rijl
iiezrrl si ti, cr.":_lijrtr.ilr-o.ir" }.ir tc-,inr-'ii_,,,r.ut si
h li.:ur
".i;i;;'j:
.{l.irlri' irr ;r11 rllrt,
rrt_-i i'c'l'
A,,r.ri":
i;
'.,,.,,
.,\[.i, iriorst_'j rlt'ci .1.}r.
i. sti'irrtii ,irai,
,r. ...sir,1rt:1.
iiie

ri t ' r ' ii l

r r

i.

, r

ir.;.i:'ir',lirr

S;r l:,rr:rtr,.i,.
;i, rrjrui;,i'tl li'i,r,;rl, ;il,,ii
uu;irrirrill rlr'1,i.rtr,,,,:i.,J,lii
,i,r]r, ir,.fr;i,rf,i iriiri.
i ii l-rrrl lrii
;irrs,' s,,. ir,., rrr. f ii,gi ,i,,tri.f;;;"i;"' ; ;:,,if;
t'er:i'r1 ii t ir:,1o. i111 j sl)lr.ii(, ;J, Ltii.,tt,,,
l.i.pr,;ti,-! i',,,.,11r.,i

;rr',rkr

tl| iiIr'sl ilittt', :;i intz] (.{., i:Fol)t()l lt}itt(.(: itt:'i.titii,.',i..,

}jri
il ri.uL'rrlirri ilit(,.'r;li, rl. i_,rrrii-cilil,i;lrii, si .i.,.irri,
sitrtti ,';i-itii ii1,is,,lrr r.rr1r11| ,1,,
t;tiii;r .si rril, in:bt"in,:i ijr.iu:. ;ri;,i,,11,;,t.i,i;ii,i,i,,,'1,',i,
,.i iat,,ri1f il. f ,rrii:,".i
rrriilrinr rjl ir.i.i zilt r:rii tinur-li tilirr.erii,_.
rlr:,-lilr..i ,r;i
zi-,' ..;'r,,:-tir:rri.itlc, lriJir r.i.,i",;,, iulr,l ,,;.1,
,,.,'l;,,;,,'r,.;
:.t,ic rr:rii i*rrli.ir t.lc.t:it ,-ir-;,lrrri,..,
tucir
I;;ii,
,i"iiii,,
.f.,
-rii
lir:r;rstii. i;.irrr;rir. l{i sLr"f ii.* ci iii
l
rir.,-.ja rii;i
ll'('71{.:sr{t dilt nt;., irLrrr.llti;r ili.c;rrt-,.r.,r},il
'ruln'ntlr
L-ilti) rliiiijl, iti{,ri
tri;l. lr'linris, tn, ?ittt 5irl;-r, I. irr si11t.:r tiillr
I ,.,,\rrr rii.r.:1,.lalr:, zini, rrirr.*rri sil ,..;;.1. ,;,lrii_ si .i jr,,ii,c,"li,irrrii'iii
atu, tilr;rli' si it,:lrr 1r. sii-tlri ,il:rt :.rt(,,t,:,1;.1 itr
lllll"l ]lr-ll tlrsCltr(tit".
'r, I.r,l
'lll'r'tsr t;': nl, ll_cil{iiil., Ilr r'lrr6tr, si, irr r-iit i.lt z.ilr:
,].1'11,1,:.1t.tr1 itti iili {,'l tilrtrri}t. rrr, jr.r.i,.i.
$i t.rrrrr trrri
,
.girst l-)iit.:tt rs{r,f Jrt ilrrc litrnrr,,s ii.nli slrrr>r.;,,ljrr;;rrr
s;rrr rr,:1itr.{ rur ii 1,,r1 tlrr , rl:rr. .l',,i,,r.i t.rrrrr si i,,ii,
ft;,
or rlrrirrnrtrl".
, ,,\ia ic,ilrt inrtrli cir,^.1rr.1_iri l)rrrrrilr zcrr, r,J f1 ,.,,1t.:rrc_pri
ol'lr lrrncl, - nrir Juur inii 1i rrrr'i ir;,lr u_
lrt
:jl+"^
lltit lrll',;,Jrrpta.lr,llcirtl'rr tl-li. :\-nrrr
si ti iritil,.l,uiruiilorvolislr'c toxtc ftccstc rlc\.iJ)o\.irf e clrilibrrsrrri c,t sli
arrt r]e cirii
trcb'ie sri rlci .ror'"ii,i oani.lr'ii
'irt'.te
de jos;i rJc cit
vicin c,ri dc slrs 1,,,,rtr,,
f,',ri, l,rln-

siti.

"."

Ia bi,.:tul rlLt:rr ol-Jr si l:ir-rvcs_

.,.,);l1ll,]r:,irrttrrcirrrlu-rl.i
ttn{ltr-\';r {l{'s|l-c cl, trt brric sri
;tiii ciontniiJe' rira.strc
;'U

( it

, (l{: c}tr.l a flicttt. l,lrttrrlli'zf tt

lttlirclr

, r}-il ItJiisl}lttit

mai r-iclt;rlt. In rncscria lui cla

r tcrrttul rnai Litru
r:rai bine clc l'rtgl'rrrr r ultuli ;tia pe cie rost o sritil
, irrrri; ayea tln ton glar-, potolit;i foartc sonor, car('

;i

li

laitt'lL si-t ri\stule bisi-rica rtirclc ct'i'i'ca, o lutttrli llrnil'[

.,i r,iuilsir DC carc si o stittiitr,.,lr cti nltl.lLi tlcti: niti,tc
i,trii rij fati sr'lrirric ii stiinLl,i.iitli, clitt t,ciri;i ciirr
i'rrr;i. ctttl t,lrisi:tiicrc'iLliii. Itr aflt'it (]t: acuxsll.i, cilli,,.tcr, urii dr illc f'.'itiri'si chil'ttt'i tlc-a stt'lrrcc bani.
Sr" li.irrlli ci'r 5tic :'rrgircitriri ptirtllr tnttltc si fuluriti'
,,r". i' i ;"p."i':,t' ii ttti it? ;i";t"i puit'.' cclc irisirrcinatc,
*ccrtrr'
I)('lit ru
l,iirirsitc ric: ilirrblit, ca sil li sc lntoalcii
l,r.aslj. T'1 ol'r'c-tit fctnt ilc,r Slai'itlr.' rltci lt'ir ttristc fai.ir
,,:,i; b;;i.'i,i ii,,,t"ii.' d* tln.rlt.i"it s;'r",u,ca ci iialcr:ris
rrtt stittsc n'iti itrnriltrrlc tiiu ciltr ltic cl ilisltt't tlltttlilt''rlt' rlint i, li ;irnrti ;i lcpit.l'"'t-. Irr sfii';it, 1l-lllilcir
nirrit'tti si'-i slrrrriii cri sttfct'ii ilr: ccvit cir 1;c- clal'i-i rirscllltlgc'., clltitt('
l.iutr<lt;r: ,,1.'';i' lrslt sirll fii. lrlttttitrtr't'i,
('rt rrsIll. a.trirgca 1.ic
irrr.l ,ii, ttritrirrci t'tttlrt t' rlitliicirrii".
l(,ll Ii. lun)t.r si tttlti il l(:s 1]t) f( nl('i cilr{l r:rr:r'!cllu tot cc:
It, sl,lrrLcrr. I)ti Irr rlt: srtot:cx'lr. ci;tiguiilc c.clc mai 6ilast,,
, 11 11,r'*1t:,ltltrri.lr' {1 ;1'1 1 cllr(: \'l'l sl',iln, :i ciitign itt{r.-t'
ItrL,iitiri,i irrrrJ{ cl,'t'it o stili tlt, c,LL'i inti'-rin ln" l)at'
ln lolrto ilstcir .rs \t'cli si"t gtili dori:niile loas-lre,-c5,
rlr':,i lrec,nisclt si'art'a lltitla, n-ant liizut ni.ciotl;Ltii
ln'{rnr''illtr'-i,r ii rlc zSircit ;i tlc cirl'Itrrr:c incil sii nii
l;lsc >:i titoL tJt' fc'anic,, ilrr liii sI nrtl;i itrgi'tlrlit'iticiorlutir- miicar tlrriintrl tlc clt'c ;11'1'11 l'11:\-oic. Nu t li sprtr,
t'lcciL aclcr-iuirl, ;i clacr"t mr m-a; fi 1-rriccput .cit-i lin
rk: hrLc cu viclclirgulilc ;i cu mi;iegrrgitcle mclc tc'r-('ici
l ii.in'i, rlc o ntic clc uli tir-lr fi sfirsii-ilc f<-,lttnc.
t ii tt,aLiL flicuirllq'x ;i trt'incictl,;tt;r itti, nri li-l itltbtc'il;,i;,;; t'" a.* .ltip itr.it intot.tcarrna ian di r:c,lc mai
nruitc ori inii ciLdiir in ghclrri J'tl('irtil c('il llli.ri ttllttl
si m:.r i strsi.i. I'ctttt'Lr asti ii ittelitrt ct'lc tttlri itttlricitt'
'ftstt', tiin carc lit voi ltolcsii ci{u rttr' lt', rl.'-i tttt tliti
toltc am icsil L'lsma trit'atl.
El 1l111i1 pii,r." ;i tc'rttc cclt'Lrltc itttt-r' rlcsrrgir tle
l.,irv-i,, inchiil 1,, cui'i, cii ttn irtcl rle Iicr cl'rc rtyt'r-kcitt
si chcic: iar cincl"pllnca sfttt scotca citc cct'lt, o {iccit
.

iu atitrr'{t'rculir 1i pr"intr-o

deschizirtrtrir a;a de micir,

5t

iririt lriluelr iril.r_,;r;;i.-i Ii 1,,,s1 i, grlc;ijut;i trr.r i-;rr Ji

bnluls rnScar. o lirii*i1rrr i. t it_ .l*r1xe i'rirnr: i,,irii'ni
tl,..l tliirrl
.ii i'c,I)ri -' .1,'i.i..,,'l'ri l,i i i' -l: o l' ; ;;;,;i
1c
:Yii
I){}trn dc dr,r' irrrlruc;i1uri ; cl'r'eirxlu-nrd 'lrrins rlc ;rJt,,
intleletniciri, el i*ciritr"u .i".,, gi it"-oi..' i*"nt" i,'ir;,,
g-i.-*'i,,] cjrli1 t d c a r l rscor? s*"lru!;tirli. i r,,, .u i j j,,"i
i_
;,1
1,,
j.t:-1,'11," l-t coir.t. l;r I*c, li-isiird si sirre,.rezc Iirrr,trul
tioccclci cli11ri1i1,1,.,, )r-.()l in{.lu_i rll nt,irr,,i
u u,inrr,l,
{tt I,JrrrL', t'r Jrrirrtl 1li".lr'.-:c si ir*t,iri
dc srrrr.la iripri
;i.ci.rrrri, .si I,,ltrI i,i,r 1,i;,,,t,.,ni'i*ir;ii.,,,i,,,
IcJrti lltn)ct-l{. rltrt.i lrr_s;r-i
}lJ:j{r,.i: iir irttr.c.girr:t. }rrrli1-r,
t','l;trrfitr s.j-l Iilr-t'sc tit.,i 1i;11-11,,liri
l,rrrr,itriiil,,,i,,
ri;rJ)5rr'rr rrt',r'r) r'r.ri:r -;i rrri lilrsc:rsci pt.rrrilir. 'rrrl i,i.*
r-i,,,;r
,.'r. izbrrtr:1" si frrr. si s.i prr'',I,.,,1,ri
t-., sr.Jrin,lrrr,ri ,,,,,ri
]'.,.,,:*j,'lirlt'jrrrrr;i1:r1t.rJt.1i,,f..1,,1:if1nii.r,,;ij,l;::;;,;;,;,i;;;
tttr;loJ,
cliln t:l ,,rir lipsii_(lc
nici rru a.prrca llinc
.ii inliridir uiiri;i riri.ii. barrvr.,(Jul.{r,
cir
;,r';i:i
az,virlcar' i:r
gurii, lir*intl sii cadir. r:, l.,c'i toi
4.. til-a'irr;_
lrrrir;l'i*r,
orir iL ttc ,; i,i;; ;,.'ii ;nrii,r"""riii.,
;i,
i:lT..l'i:.!-.lririr
tlftn.Ut lrccut i,1-111 \';itl;t tr](a i;i
jLrn:It,rtc rlili
-ir.uti"
Iir"rflg3
iitl'1.. Sy rtita. rl.r'rlirrl ,ritc,r,iaio.
rI pc Ioc.
\ur.l(,il ]lt f't;xllt.c;i fl11 cl.i) uil
irrircg,5i
zict,ir:,,(
l:ol
rr
'rrilcr:l-o rn"rr jr ..i rrst;r? Dtr cirrtl ciri crr'i:rinr: rru rr;l si,
l'lrtj 9i,j rlc1,on1,,r,,", tltr i{ i11111--,tili tlc pol, in \.Fr
::illifiitta.
'l(,.t,
J)t'tJtt( tnl r:rrrl}iti Jioli iil1t.t,gi,-si ilrilrI t iirl
lUl
tlrtr"avc.dil. -I"u, cr.rd cij_mi
;,r,rti rii.rii,rtc,.,
r a ccr;: i {11 l,' li. iir<.1 }"' j,,,,i,i
t,, r,, ri r;;,i^,ii._s,crrr
",, l;:tl:,,ij.
uiccl;rjri,
Ir(irtru r.ii trii ccnlse irr, atrrrrci ciir,l
:-:l,t_.,.
cct ctrc-t cladrrsc dc Jlo::rlni sc furdcPir'{a, si_} tr.ac
dc poale i*i'ei. Asa
;i .firccr,'r, ;i ii" id. I,i'roi *r,i",iii
oanrcni burri,
.ipini,,o,
:g'::.iil
-gJasutui,
"a;i;fi:";il
sa sprin pentlri voi r:r-icc ruglciuni
r,;i silt cle tr-ebuinii,
a-qa cum obisnuirsc sX cinlc orbii.

i'

I#

l{crcu fliinilnd, ni.dijduincl sd._;i gdscasciL un stiip?n

nrai omenos, Lazarillo trcce in serr,,iciul urgi
siujitor irl
l-risericii; omul cste cnmplit ,je avar
bd.iatul incluri si
;i
rnai rnutrti foame. lntr[ apr_ri in shijtra r-.rrr.,.;
.n",ot*r]"Aio
i Iloncdl spaniolir (n.t.).

t,'l 't,,, :ii.r'il( \i Lrrrtlillil r.1'; crttliir'ri. tllir r:lttc, f ilrl c1c orgo"
11,,lrili:r r, nLl lllL{lll{::ltr, 5iujr';lr: Ltuf rlrtc dirl tagma cii'lir'
,'.Lrrl,r' [[il1.LLilii, apoi riu aitLrl catc liLlrlc illrlnlgeufe, tln
rlrit\ " tltl lrlrrrllrzil ii ajungc, tot ciLnlinll o slLrjbi u;c'ari'
I r r,,ri L,r: :r1 plc;rrlil,rr ,ri soiuiilor t1c l'ittLtt'i' in sf lrlit'
.t ,.t :,rt)i lrt lasir'1Lri, insLrrilttltj-sc cil slrrjniciL urLrti :rrhlci:'!i,,,1, , rrLilrl,il, catc ii ainti:r I tl tlebLric siL-i putriL 1a plr"tcl
lLri si tru li'Ltl '':"t o'llii
1,, 11rr|ir1i\.ii (t'1rof1)csc tlcs.prc sofiit
i,,,,,i .,l,ri,:ririle 1i icgiriii-'ci tltr zi si clc rlolrpic la slirl!ia
.,r (lLr ti'i,'te-t ironic itrr:hric [,ltzltro |ot'csii":t tttt'-i ' i:l;'
,lrrr r,r'rrnrir', Ir.rlalil cl., fi::r':llrccl-ir"c: ,,lilerIn in plinir inllotil-.'l
ttlcl' bitili:r"'
,,, ,'r tlr1,ili.'i, lrl'icirii la clLIc rlr''-i clnst-sc'sullrta
l'crsortaj Lrl prilcipel r-'ztt'c slujeslc ia slii.pini rliicrilr
contpozi!ioualii trttt i
..i lr','cr: pr:iir nrctlii valiitli:, tliL nnitatc
putca sil-si ai1"'i
clirL'
i-oerlc
llc
t:f
,,,,,,,ni,'i,i c1()ll{Jl(i:;ila
'1r si'rtirizlir.c plirr
Spilnici
izir-lnr.a
\i
ani.ttrit.,t'|1it.
prr_r1rr:ilr
lr\,(;r1-U
atriorLrl
,r ,t1'. 1 iLc rlprczenlittri i tslt', cvident, prLr!i:rlii:
fiir;'l
josltic,
lttlllc'a
itttttllc'titL
;i
rrllili.;u:Lzir tl,,tr L' rt'gi,;ttLtl
rrt
la
rninte
ascr'r!it
si
r'il":ri
litottl,
li.
iticrtitr
'
i,,1,r,. ipii si
"e
i.,',,i ,,iit tl.' :rpisirt, iu':it sli nu r''l-'rservc ci'ic cc sc |c+'t-ec;
r n\'i)l l clc 1i siilrtt'sc coirrpa:.irLirc (sculicrtil) ; dc celc nrlri
rrrirll.u ori .-- o il'onii: arttlr:i-; -,Lie sir' nc mli milrltniini dc':i
(lr, un rle firr sa'-r d.0 uii czilugiLr,:iire fnriL, cel diltii dlntr-atre
penlrLt ;l'
.; i rro ilor
;i ce 1 cLrr'al cioiica cli.ntr-ale urinirstirii,
alii:L"
1;r
aritea
a
ajnla
pentru
lc'r
1i
rl:1 ,'i L'tpt-crttlincicilrs.':1,tir
le::cicl'o
gbes
di
ii
dragostea
sclllv
l)iL:i
rtnui
si
cirrrt Pini
l ,' ir,',* r,,nra.rltrlLri li cullitrucliir ltri clin episoacle ' a c'iltr-ttr
irrnrrrlt,ire tra IcisibiliL, a incLtra"jat, tiin l$55 pin[ in I6?0,
( ll,.'\it itl.r'l'eiri tli:' c0liii.uila|e :l oilctr:i'
:1111

ItATll0 ALlirl,friN

1r,i f,'irrl

ir547

i1() r))i(ti(ialicr ii. irrr.ir.

r.t-lc lii.iL:i1. :i r,,iririiiii,

si csi,-r irri.:it, rrjirrrgt: ui,:;t:r; J&

ililltttrr lt. irli.t'trri.isj l;i.i)lrt) rlrlsl,i') r'iil-c rLr ;jtic niirrirl -i i;i ci;tigir. iil;irrLa{i:rL ri.l1itl. in r';]t:;r!, r)ll! j:ii,ii.ll r'ri:|l;rsiior e;.J.tt_, r'rrillri sit lrriDl-l r11itr;t 1rr_' r,;rs. ,l[ci.:;i'Lir
r)rr so rilil.i j*:lcir, r,ri anliii'az;_t, cil. ;rnir)r.n j llit l.irzafiJi{J: rjl
iirl'itr.scllzil riircct, in Lo;ttit rtliciunlra r:i uutlir, ri Sparric irr
r.;:r.r:rl r,iolcr-r!lt cs|c lnr:rir-rl Oliirnrrjt rlc C,.irir1r,;;:i.ltl.-r iLl i,iilt(,rI iLir,f i.i,.rr si sc lrr:lcijcii., llsa ()rill sc ji:icli;rxrzi
;i tnitrr , crr ciiri;iir.
lrr:irqitrrritrlj 11r itra.i io.; -, nrii aics c:tcl:rlrrirl.i;i, tll lt sii;.-si1,
rr rrr.rili:r rlinlrc pret)ti --- r.l:ir o intagine a itrcirp:ieii.iii:ji si
irr,r'riritl'i.l.ii,;rgiii)iii,.;l: ju,'lir:iii.r'c si t-ciigio;r,sr,:. -Nirr.lclrrrl iciLi:[.,-n t:si:rt si:r'jsir la j-]i_,''-soir.nir. ilri.ili.;L) oste pi1 tllls rltt itesilri:,,;*;
ilt. l-,liul.r.l s,.) si)Ll nc ric lriiiii,: ,,onrr! i:, r";-ir,., . tr;iirl cti 1.,rtii
iitsr,'liurlu-r'rL-, rr;lii 1;t all ii.".
:.r;r1111q1,

*r6l.ti)

q
Ji l.l5t(: la Scrli.ilu ; liir :t I iiurri rrrr:,Iir.: ,.:lru iu;jr-ijeslc buln;rlrli din inciris,;rri.t ,.g,,ii .,'i"riit",, cl 1-.i irsrt_
ir,r,.;te

iineoLi tatJ"l in vi:zil_clc pr.ofcsiotralc si

;-il'rtruncle asilcl

irr L';'e.

rnaLcrialc

;i r,oralc a ipa'ici,

(;trzJIAN t)li,\t,J::\I{,\(' t".iE,

IS('().\D.tr .,\ \'ili't'lI 0.\iliit951't]

\rt,.\'1",\ t.t"i1

frrcepe

'izi:rilci cal-c 1c iutrr:r-rrp,,-.

si;urlii. r'lc mr'{icilii.
CiisiLtrtrit di.Lr juic1lc
I'c:tc nlat,lt:j;i1r:, isi ci,,_:iigii, c:;istctria i1i:crc!nr'r _+ii. fac;1 lcgof
sau i.liier..iir: r:cr.t.,icii.--1rro_lcso,,." tO,"U contitruiilitc; ,u.i",i
sir.r'nt:, inrrlri:j i'1t rlt:r i nrnltc r:ir-;d.uti
n,.:r:rgtiii
l)ejlt1.u datoi.ii
lirutnt:i:rrc,

.l.ili

pct.spi.r:tit.o

Pl..)ilcli., irul;r.trrrtl'r clt c{)j)i

t:cslul vir.tii

ln

1597.

ii,

a.-,;j inrbutriiirti tr"aiui] cl

:\Icriit. ,\'u i sc rnai cun(,)liste

tlt_r

iLr

!l'j'll-r,.r{,iltrI

;i

trrrnrini prima parte din Guznrin de

\Iili'ii,\

Capifclul VIII

(Prlnrera parte de Guzrnin cle Alfarache), c:rporlopcra hri;

p'l;lici la ]ladr-it1 i' ISgg. (-ai:tca. ctogiatii, pr:i'L.e
a.)!ii, dc Lopc clc \:cga ,. .ilfL\ slrcoc'; i' ;r,r:clirsi a* sc r,ai tiprircsc trci cd"i!;ii in Spania, jar in ccl nrmirtor,
1ic lirrgi.r c,Iifille spaniole, mili apar ;i allclc stririnc _.- l;-r llm;--cll_.,-,
l,)aris, Coinrbta, f,isabo'r. In 1602 llpitrc o ufrlli1rc a ci.rtii
sale, Partea a d0ua {Segunrla parte) publicalir tic 'r,,,

"lt
l.)iLi:i'tii lLri Guzu;/r'
nu triiic.sc i'*rizcrie, cacci ai l'i L.zar'; ei lr* jcf*icsc
;i
l'scllir ir'pi'si ilc J.olr*c, ci de riicomie. .r3i-iatur ruge
'tr
rle acasir Ia 14 ali, coliniiir prin Sprn.ia
;i Ltnlia, c cer.;ctor,
slu3-:i la ha'lr, bnfon si solrlat;, se iur;r:arii;i sc lirsii irrtr.cfiu.Lrt
tl: so!it cirleiir ii nthrc vgtitrrri lrlti lrirba!.i, inragiu,-:azir
c1e

Sa*rLvrrdra.

l'ir,r

Alfarache

ca. sc

scriitor, lrater: r.'j/t*

i,r:

Al.fu i.ttli t;t ftlii

ri

.tt,'trit;,tti ia

('tt llselneltea Llulc_c rridcj<ltr irr.,'Pt:rrrrr s;"r

tlin
lr{)u initnir, clnd cloi oarirctri --_ ,r ci"rr-,,tr Pr.irr,.1
iufij,tisltr-c
ilrr l)rltila-itriela. Ile nintr:ni

;i

cnrr: \;cncilll pe uirirelc

in- galop, ?e crtiri. -- ,ijLtngiricll-ne, nld.

')()rsirc
;irivirii cu luart-l arninte, ca_ si crlrn rr fi ciulat pe
r:il)c\rA cai:e-nii sc;ltrllnri. Nuinri nlntt.a ior,;i ei-a
,I,:siul ca s[ rt:r virc in spcr-icrti : nicir:ind Santa. Heilrriur-

; Jrt*

.t:rLtnrctti.

/? o:d.sutiric,ist'oni,t\&.o1r.

Literatllra trlnrnismulni

cit. in

rorniir.rclt'c

t1-e

lan
55

dad,1 clin core avc:ru onoxle

sri f.rcj partil, n-a ai(it

poate membri mai ilsp:iimiltitori la-r,-edere. Cum Ic,

pdrui.surprins ;.i chi.ar oarecum ln{ricoiat de faptul
cri mi. privcau iinti intre sprinccuo, atil lc.l trcbuit
ca sd descalccc si st se ndpusteasci rrsupri-nii si unrrl
;i altul. .[[i aruncail jos dc p* migii l;i:i*;ii,iili';i;
pu.mnii, aLpoi, apucindu-md dc braJ, unll din ei imi
spuse pg un ton rdst it : ,,Aha ! 'fc -r m 1:rins, prrngasrrle ;
in sfirsit te-avern in minfl: hai, ncrirerr:iiirlc,"sioatc,
btnii, icoate giui-acnirii",
.t"
i;;tt";it;t;;"
chiar de copacul pc carc-l",ivczi"-,1;;1;"
Ia'cloi pasi'clc-aici !,,
La acestc vorbc, oriciL ci"rutitrn sii nrd diczi'inovi,tcsc"
'rrrccpurd-si,nrir inglLiontcrrscii
;i sii rui pllmniasci, iri
rLla_ chip incii. crrrgcilu aslrpl-a mca pahnel'e cn nemiiuita.
('iririsnl, nrikrs 5i culrrins cld cltrrcr-c virztnciu-md
lLtit de crrrrl nralLlattt, vt:oi sii lc.sprrni frrr.iosilorrrrr,sIora ci, de bnnd scamlr sc lor i'i insclat,'Drr ci ii
,f irclrri si se ciiiasci pe datir cir sc emcsiecase;
sc arun.c,rr-I asupra hii si, cind obosiri sri^l mai bat5, il inr.ir'.uiri cd mi-era"crimplice; si-l arestari, impiclrnir cu
toti rlirgarii s.li, intrcbindu-l nrcreu tincle viilsc i:iinil
;i giuvaericalele. Cum nu pu1.ca risinnrle altccr.;r
dccit ci habarn-avca clcsp11 ic, l;:rrri si'clcspr-e cc giul'acr-u_ri.era vorba, i sc_slilrse il r:rrp rrir nc,riuragui rk
bitc. l\falrturiscsc ci abib atunci irili clcsr:opcrii"incliniritre reie, c{ci resimteam o bucrri:ie riinticioasir r..I..
zind cnm il chinuiau_ pb bietrrl oni, c;irriia pcsclnne ril
1i pultam girinion, clar fuli inciir;,rrian: cii'hii trcl.rnier
sir-i prin in spinarcpierclerea mantalci 5i cir:a groaznicir
l1L' celrc o luaicrn la han. I)upi cc irc cotcjnc,g irir"zclrar,.in
rrc scotocir'[ liinii la piclc ii, r,.gr'rsiud ccr,, cc ciutelr,"
art' leg-ali miinilc cri funii, irlliiuiml si uc tluc.ii aslr
pin;i ia . Sevilla. Tocmai ne legaseri pe amincibi
cobz,i, clnd unul dintre ei, cei cardrni legise pe mine,
rosti cu, surprindere ciitre tor-iirlsul sIu:,,ilo, lio, frate,
crcd ci nc-am cam grihit; I)rrmnczerr si. mir-icrtc, clar
tnl sc parc cd ne-am in;clat : caraghiosrLl acela rrr-nri.rit
1ln degct..lipsi lr nrini tlrcrprl, si ista clc
ll:,"91
alcr Ic 1g
arc pc toalc' .

r Organizatic dc nrililie'in vccirca Spnnic.

Itriiilalt zbir, a.uzind asta, se ]rr-rliri sri scoatii tiin

,rrznnar instructiunile 1i sa le citeasci cu. gl;rs tarc:
lr,rlrrl ih-tpi, care-umblau ei era zugrivit acoio intr'-un
' lrip r:rlc n-avea nimic de-aface cu iirfdtisarea mca;
1'r''l iir:i ci scria precis cir-i lipsea un degct, se mai
.l,rrrrcii cii r,vea uouirsprezece, c{:1 muit cloudzeci cle
,iri, ;i irlctc lungi, ncgfe, carc-i atlrnau pc ceafti ca o
,,',rirrlii cle c'.rl; id vrcutc ce eu 1111 puteam trece clrept
r,rrrri rrilslnic dc ltaislirczccc ani ;i aveatn pirul scurt
. j roscat pi cl'c!.
\j;iz.tliL tlt'ci cii siryirsistli o grclr'ali luindn-ni5, c1r:eirt
r r r ir I i rr I ; itc tii:zl,'gariL, isi iitar iL pc rl1 r-ti ostcncalii ciiir,a
r , rrliI 1rc crllr tovliii-qnl rtic,u ii ar.clt in bnzunar-, nc riscrii
irr rrls rllr:Ii scuz.ii si.itrcilr-'carii pe catirii lor, lSsindu-rLc
,1, st l:r1i iir l,itaic,'r'rti ilics pc prictcnu.l meu, ai cdmi
li

,rli,iirirr],r'.i'., .c,it'ul,rr..tilii..s*titttaiprr{iircrr,ila!idt'cit
,ri rrr,'i: irr lrirrrl), r'lr ir\-( ilnI SIIt'[I lrlii:f,. dc sir:gc 1i

,lirlii

rrri sc clii tirr;rrr rlitr liricitta Punrttilor incasali.

('r,..ir.<'t' rrrr rr. irnl,ir <licii totrrsi sl"t tttt ttt^cilu cliu nou pe
rrr:iiiru i si r'i rr.' riotttirttri'int tlirrmttl, amXri!i, ca vaiiic
11oi , rrsrr ('ull irr f i fost Lrt'icinc dupir ci- as{ll1}cllca lutim-

pl:rrr'. ( irrrl ir jrrttst'r'itn lit rtrr sfcrt de leglie de satul

l', rlos,,, zr'iririirii si-i c juuscriun a.poi din urmd pe cci
,l,ri r: lt'r'ici ctruclscuti d"e noi la han, care mexgeau ingeI ii()r'. rr(l( J:tindu-ric. l.c ntltisci la cunostinll pricina
irri irri, rlii iror,-trc cici, in hahil in cnre ira tovarlsrrl
nr(u (l('tl;irttt, n-r,rca'ctiiaf si dcscltidi gura' nuhil
pilirr{i nt' c,rur}'ri"ttirnir;-r tlill to:rtd ilriitta ;cca din rtttttf,.
,lirrirc liLtrniili tti;rsilt n:ni alcs, li se pirr.u 5i cea nrai
,,,1,1'i,,iioti,'", ;i rletc piili,j unuie iiintre'ei sd lpuni:
'-- Pi.zcasc5-l Dumuezeu pc olice om cuillsccade cle
.:elc trei s{intc ce sc aflJ. in Spania, a.dicd. de: Sflnta
l rrchizilic, rlc Siinta llt'ril;n:rlad ;i dc Sfinta Cruzada2.
L,i-'lcasc5-l lJuntuczcu 1;c r-'rnul ncvinor-at m';ri cu scamir,
rlc Sfinta Flermandad I llai e vrco niidcjdc clc cirept;rte
l;r cel*lalic d<lui'r, c1ar, ilcsprc astl, tot cc f ot sprurc estc:
l'rricifi ccj cc Ilu-ncap pt mila ci.
rllonedir spauiol5 rlc atr, cu chipui r":elui (tt.t.).
l)rriitia cai'c 1rr-ig-onca ltopoartlc conlocuit!)itlt', iit s|, ti".
;il,.irri si.cvrci (n.t.),
':

56

frt

l5'{7

{{l

[{i]

$t 1,.'rtilltii .:'iir tr i sriili ((tl)ii ;li tt:ltri :tlr'rlii'

tliji,,;lLl., i!1 :ir: !til;ii.riri.,\lcili'Jiilr, 'i[i'rlii rt':i. I'i]ll{11.!;url,zi"i,1,;:il ili\'f t':r!rr)i:',r,r s|:i.1:il)lr-" iti,pLi:u:lli ctr i'llnilir icilci il'llrrlt,t-

.{.ii1s,';rrirl.;'ir'llrrlr'-i, 1oe:r.l,ii";rl.cirli.L1l.rr't;isc,perc'c:iltcc:rirri.liii;i
ltir,iliii,.\i,.::liii, S,tl'rittattt1., . L-)111lii.rttt sctlrt stlr!iu ili il1.i!:l-tii,

iri ii(i9 Ccryiilli'-'i st tllli in silr'iciLi i cllilinirlLlltri {linii,'

irl;rii:tlt tlt
gi)r1liz.!lrrri
irl
lli;1, irt('
tii.ltil.-{}
r.r:lril,rLi-i. []ltirliitrl;tiiiel
p;:;i, jrr1 siL ciLtt,irr..cri lt':tt(1c it:llilil<r. irL llr1,lrr lt:t' rili ,1,' l:r
.tr,llilr n!i irrrg.,:'li ir rt tiu'r'ili,r (1i7li i' r'irrit '.1,, li {l.i;ilrlr; lrirlri
di|ir,r.c clr:.ii 1r;r.L'li1i::;uit,::"'' 1,.'rii;1; t()t(jari',1!lill. irt'lttill :iiilrl{. l'lj
t. lrLi-ii1i1i.,.i. ilt, ir;'"itl lit r;"i;;1.,t,i, l)i) lll.il'4.'r'i irc ir-.,i. ill 'I57'l
s,.r iiriL!l'Lri:;!, ietnit;-r'lit-, i;r ltLli, pc llr:rriitil iintii
"'lti: llaillill
Iilirl ilti\' tl.r"'i:rlilc FLtlt:t, lt,-ritllt:;i-i sclistrr i {lt' fi')cr!nr;itlr.ilr'1 ii:'
p,riir:.'ii1e Jrri ijiligr:rl ll'lrrlr rl,.'t:itir l.lll:,i)ri:ilit:i1r rlt ::li':liii:'.
\'llstil,-,.Li ,t1ri'ri: ti.,'c(rls:11i;L't'rVillllis, f r;rti'lc itri ,,ri llili .,1';'riirli :.iLt1- cairlii;..iti;i itiilt.i;:i iii -\li;i'r'c:r. o::lrlii i. ('ti-l'atttii-':
cl, r irri.-'s,'l:rlLtl lltr-ti rJlla;i:',t S-.rcc. llt'ir!)ilirrii r:i;rtt rl'l t.rl.iit:i'i
ciii.rc;.;.:i.i iu ie lriLttLttl Lrrrci ,lli;rilrLrbili b:iilrr';'. 1; lr.ll'tl i;ri'uti';lc >iL si.':.r1r':, iri i577, I'r'lriil,.: st't iiiLrl'tt.1iri. Ir:ll' rtti'rit'tl,'
ail:r!,r ;t,;rtlrrl ilii { r'r'r-:illlcs lilc c:r t,l si"r liLr i.,r1l-'it1r't-llt rr
l).:i:i{)n:rlj1i'iilr iirtp.t-ilrrrti si. t1t attt'lL sil L:(rfl.).pil!llill t:lil,t|lirrll iLri o lltil ra sLttrtri c1l,' i;';ttti. itrccarca"t sl't cvltLr'zc itt tll't i
nriltr-'t'iuiitr ri, irrsir ttu izlrrtlcsr.e.,'\lria irl l5S{} sc atLuiri-t.
tlln irarrii tt inti.i {ic nl.iillit st i:iiolulLri. li o cclir. l;'l Jiii:Llti
ArrirLl',,1r.a, ia.[iornu. lr 1570 ('s1.. (!iil 1)ou ili:i,ltt

ilo

'" rrr'rltrs1,rrii ( i-( slitli rlitl .\i.qcr, ,rt,i 5{l(i rlc ,irit'lrti ilc litif
, r rr1 i lr,rti r'ri t-its, ultt|itltlrr', si s,'riiirrrttl lr{)atc 1r,1t}oit sl}te
'.',.,. ii; iilt.i -,.'t i:lilrlt'l;ltr.
l-;i ;\l:.t.tlrirl ii (lllll()irct( 1,c tll:rr-ii
{]trt,'.'i'rl-,r, 'l'it'';ii ,ic, :\1.,t}irtlt. Lirlrr$ol-4,
r iii,,r'i ;,i iiltIrrlrri;
, rl,i ,,irr l'r,r.11.!-il ril scrjirtil. tii:-si lrlltfii lisi;gil ll\isl(ll',tll,
lrl r r';rrl'i :it l{i'i.il vliltitr.r itt s<:t-t-it:iilc ,lc :llrrr;r iriilttltr-c ir}e
,rrrrrti i .i ir, lrltr, t'Llttr:1ii sllli;lrii, tr.
iir i5t)li r) J)L^i.iiir. ci.iIc jtlr,;l1rl'll, itt t':ll't' ( ('r(r 1ll) l)()sL
,.r';,ril 1i;!t r'.rrir,i;iiir) ilnli:l';Lliiilc, ii e'-it: rtrrl)iilsal t'le ;lti,trlittisIr,rli:r lrr,'! jilcr. l)itl(rr'1lic, r'itriiilti :r tll';tti. ll("gllst'|l i'alit si a
iirclti; itr ll}i]i llltiIte
l,r,,iiIii'i {i}lrr 1lr'11r'ici-rilcIi ilr ll'il.(ili,
' rrr,ilii i, rl;ri. irr jrrrii:r:;.t1i, ittlili.tii;tt: r.lin sl'l-t ir iiic lrrrlllit:c,
, i r.1 rrtql rriliiil)-1'ti s1;t'i: sl'it'sitrtl r it'!ii, iitr'irrrili irri llr:lr Quillll j-il iril,-'slrii tr;litt} z.iinic. it-' llirltl
irr(:c. \rt{rrriltirlr;l
l(il5 rriIrrrli.J.i iri,l.rttl)llii{(i('i 1:'il1t.,,t:zc, tll'll1L llltril,i t:ii'iltlttr:le
( l\.iirtlii {'jii,,llrtll
lll} 5llLlirl lri-itrirr;i s11!'ilc i\li,lll'(r lrr;\i;lir r,l. rirr sr.'-ql:jir {t:r}'(l li { sL( 11){.ii'tllillttll.
{,, },;it,: r'i (lt rr;111{q'* rlirlrttIt.tltzi itt l5(-]l) , rr t, t.r't i i'tti'iir'rr1t, ittli--o t:ttlr.":,'l't' ( r,ltji lrl()llti:r',l"r, tillir iti l:t ttlti:trlt'a
uir, , lr i ,ii' :r ti'i je siri.ii lr lLri l'iiiir ill l l-l'-rir, Nici Iiltltirrl
1 r)u1 ir
li:)i iii rttt i.ttlttlttt lli-;illit), si ttit:i ,li!r:r'si: IiitLllrl('{ltar'r')n;ll(i, iili:ii, si:r'i:,c tlrq.rii l6{iti, lrrt ii;tt}rit: lcl)llirle {i('Jirlrt.
lrr l.J.$i ,;i,tilli: irr3'tirir.rili.ta di: a i st' r'ipilri illtiiir llir]'tL: it r()*
',r,uri lrr i p:rsfilt;t I {ialatce a iFrirnera parte de la Galatcea) ;
.r;r;lr'111i ilr 15X5. L'il lltl sa: llt.tctrt'i\ (itl .''tt,-lr.:,-:$ttl iri"ir[ir,jiilrit.;
r,:r!lrr;l ;i (l()1i1, llt'firl'il -ali1r)itli tr it'st.isC, llll \'f(lL' irii iLiilrt'ii
lrtitiiit;t ziltti. irr l5i I iitli;ji'-rri lil] l)(-i{jl}l lrtit}t:stl, Cdliit+rie
ilr ltarltas (Viaie del ['itrllits(]]' cti;r1rrzii. l;r ltrrii't'iri slt r-ilifi.
I rt ;ritrr I 1r1,rr'1 ii, ( ( i'\ iIi11...]i ){'l';t tlll t'rltt:tlt ilrl\:alt'ttlsr', itiL:}ti:r.rl (,,ut,lrri ,li l,, rir,:i: Strtcritrtele Itli Fersiles 9i Sigisnttittda
I t.r)s l rillt:tios dc I'trsi l(rs y Sigis,lltllIdfll.
l',r|1. r.,i |,1'rl,rllr l{'1, ( ( l \'irtil., s r::1r: itt ;lt, l;rsi 1 irttli tlt'lir,l:lllil-'j,-,i rrrrr, li:,1. \rt i( 1 rlri,)ir\1( l)trll)iiIrrl llilsi'l'tt-tir'lcltirr. . r'i., .l' r','tr,rllL( {. irl lit}j 5i')lrl l. l,:lilll: -1r*t lrr'.rrr
,i'; i.,::.r itl1, rlil a-(lllj.f ilt:t lr!i {r::li'ri itll;i ntt ii irlr}r'lrline;rtc. S-.ln
1pi.f i1.1 1:;i i sit 1t,-;1. :ttr-ilini .l 2 (1,;;lii:tltlir's si o1:l itrlcllilc(i ii -ilna;() (:.1liscr:\,i]ic !i.)i.l I cil i.iljirr1. i. ili Il-{llt)g1r} r'r:lilr Opt COtrtertias gi opt intertnedii noi, acurtr reprezentate (Ocho comedias
v'oClrO entfelflr'S(1S iluevos ltuttca reprcScfltAd0S, l6l.i) (.lcr59

\l-'lr{\l"i'1'1r

t'ilrltcs s\'ril: .,1,1, lrrsi rll .lirltii (.iu:{,,a iirj;itt--iil iLrririirLt.ir"tle

si g''irrtlurilr.iqr'ltji:i\,Llitl sulli.irlui(.-.) lrt t.!)11)-1)it:i in uccsl

tirup !tr,,t.' iLrLr:iz.r-'i, 1r,'i;:...|i {ii. i{I;?ii7idii"_ iLr liflti;i f.i,l()j,(,i)l
tttittt'tl ia.q sa {iln/jii: litluril: it Jlr.rLtz,-i tliitl.e-i 1itcs,,.i,.. l;r r..lrrt:
f itcc ('e,rr-llLltt; iriLr/iit. {::r;r rlrLtttr-'r,ji,r'ri.(. Iuceltrrircl Fiu.
{nancjei (EI cer*o de lljurnar:r:ia, :-r risi 1rr-ir1,;rl)il in1 i.i. .l JSI
l5liii si publicr'Lii in 15!.1 ,.
()otri:L:ptiii,;,'hir ('r:liltiit,,- ii,,.p1'g ti:r;lttlL jiili t.\.j,t-jr-;1111,,
irt rlir',,'rs,l .:i)lt\",rfl)irl diri Don elriiole,:.cl.iilt,:.ll i,t.tlLirr
r;tigcnte-ic ;-ttr-ilrujte, li: j i-l ir,-:r-r.r I iri', itiisrr.i a r.::rlit.ii r j1 ;i r.n,.,a-:rr"rrri Pilrlirii.ilrrr.. lll ri.y1'.,,,11;r cii Lrnii rl;;iil.-rtur,gi
it1.,,, Jriki:i.
tr,tt1rr 111, \'r..1:r1 i*i iir lirLrrir . i;.: .i1i1i, rl lij.r-.it rri;.Lll .liLri,:-liitr,,
l1r joc crr llirrit, lt' ri, -r, rl iLL si 1inr1,, ;rr'.,rilr.l.,--i,i t.r..)ii tl;tl
lrrttttt:it'1i1;rir {;i rrr;llrn i[;ril s;rrL l,li,rii,irrt]rr..i l),.j (1i\.i,1.s1 (.rifitinc:.rl-c'. Itttt'r'n;.,iiiilr. -rilt irlr i I'i, .,{ r,}rlir r,, :t r-isL. il) r,i.)z:i
si ilspir:rtc riirr r i:rJ;t .*ip:r;1, j l)r)i)LllirJ(..
Nlill \\('l \;-'x'r.iii:r. i.'rrli-1ntrl 1'r;l1.iir,Ltl iriiiiti.ltirl urr r,L)irlrl
rtrin iupla {.1u:':'i itjil{lit-jlil t-1:)i!lltnilLrr^ ili'. ctitrr. t.aaj,li il;i,rir.i
cairc vor sil Iic o;irnirrj lil,vri. ('r-.1,:rii.ra liiill:rn. ili l.::;i.l:i
:tlti (1e zile, ;rt;rr:it'ii,,,; ln! .-i1 i1;i,r. Ir.r.ir'1i, .qil.it iric,::irli : rt,lnrlnii sint mlllfi, l)inL'irrilili..pli.i'rrrili.
i.ri.)i li_rrr.ti|r,r"ji
iturcrcniti i.ir t'ilntii.:j iair;'r il^rri izii, srii,,ilri.;i i-'1.rr.nani, itiijlasiti
r.l: iir-riitr: li linrii"rsf ui'i:, til{.1 j}()t {1i,.tr.ltgt,. 'i o:rlr :rrl.uliiilL
l)r()Pirse t1t lr'.'istirt;r:.i 1rq'iiii-jt lr Jrllni: clr1r;1 t lr:r,,rlt:rit;i sini
r"trsl)inS,: rlit Si'i1ril. l.ir llLri,l ,-ilt-rt:jl r-.rrrili slkllllisi
1;r,1;pl;1-tie si ar.lro|iri, lrrlrr rrzLrltlit.Lrl lli. i-irir.,t-ill , ir r lillsi illtl!jti",r.
trui Scipio rli.l inf r;rtr'.r i rit.titri;rlir iltr..-l ci'tote iLrlrinL;j. {_'t,t.i'l-i:nii )inrrt:tirr.i,-'i. irrl.riti,r'i r|-' lii:rririi.. pri:l:-.i
.,i f i.,..'r in
ii.ic sil, se pri:.{lcii. .'i' i.r rrr:ri rliinirr. tii...lii plisiiiLii,ir <: i.Lii(i'i
Silt,lrtr:r l'illt'rr-. .-l .|'n1., : ],r-r,1 i.r \,,t .;1ji;r 1..1,..:r ( (. \(. il,:.t
piiirtc: (,11():Lrtil . {}i it(:i{ril 1.trgrrl rrol:,t,tiI rUnsiLr.lt.it ilr r;rr-t:
sr \.'or a.z1;l.t'li cu totii .11-r o grl.!1d,./:Li,r lr-;rr:icl-l . \:i.r-i:rljius s-;r
sustra.s penlru 1ln 11lc].I{li:nt rlrr:_rliituiui c{r1[!111, diit frir,i-r dt,
r110arte. DiLt: ctrnr trii11;rni ilti ir i11litill.itl moirteil , c)iiit_ll nil
tr)oato lnfringe decii ir,:lma 1n f;lkL ei ; inlringiiirl-o, \'iri_
athus i:i po:rt. dir\-E,ji dragt,slea de-.{ar;i si r.a binturrritli
airna riynitir. Iji: a.ilii:1 --- til.Jrturi dc alic pcr::cnajc ;rlr*orice, ca Rirzboiul s.au rii,j-l .[.]urro *-* j:'aima ai);l!:e c."r Pi,r-si.,irxj si inalfir 1t11 iinn tir'i-.1ii:-il Nunr:ri:rirj.

.4ctul
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")-''l it [,\'l-l

il "::

llirii;r ir:rrl li-a i:,-:ll; ai.'-iili ilrririt

lli:r .:;'r.r liti t-art ilt r-ilil uJ ii:,.:li 1rr.:lrtjJ'r
5i 1r:'a lui ilc irriiie jtlg (.tiIIii,l;1.
| )1. 1,;ri'111 Cl]-ilrl diiilil:llt tii'lttlirl':rlot-,
lii rr.r, { rir.ix fr l-i.in inriirjii.
l:\' ,.r;:tr'..t.1 itiitr.l;1 lr: '1lqrf i--, i]t;i rilt'.
,r\rtj rirs:..1( il j i- rlir'::jl 1;r11,1"1i:!i1r;l

\l

:rlr ill:r t'i.r-i

r.,-ii..

irii'-: \ I ii:.i.

l r,

iir:t1, irrl,iiil. ltir;.i

Sli rrrt Ir' i, tlJi, .i riir ,1i '-i q;i'5 11 111'11
I'r irr cr'-:i :.ilit, ii:-::,r'Ll1 - 111, Lrrltlr 'Li clirr ti.;
)i;i. rni r.i-izi ir.iiirt;t ei Iii;i litir'-riiii.l
( ;; 'l -r.r:1,1i. ,,1, f iirri,ll ti,;i lli',i,1;,t:l
f i rr Jlin'ir--;i ct:l{lli-tiri :t.i sit -or'-lt irlii:er.
t'rr nr'lriltitilii c:i5 itir iitrl I,ct,
S,ri-i i r l:;-'lii-,'sc diizili l,cl r'it l,{.r1..
' {'ri,:i'tlliiii
:itlt air--i its(-rlliis; rji' ir j,-l't
rr
Si - !:i'rri1 I)r.'-j iriitil.riitil i iliit*ul r ir llr{.iili. [(',
l'r ;l ii ir'i! \ r'i fi'iit'lt cii tuir i iiji,.:lI
ir;:;:i.-::rit I ii :- :ri[(.
.\!,i':;;/',tl'ii:lrl
-{rrir r'i rlrl, it, i.'ii lliir ttt it i tr:r tili i.,
\trt r.': r,':.1.r'-T'i Llrrtt.ii 1-lltru cllrlljr.il , ioirr'1c,
ri t,.rt {r(i :i}11 ,gr lf it in ii:f.i I j',ttil.
\i;i -cti yil;it i 1xi]) rirriili lt ittrlri:'rnr:a1ii.
llrlrli r.t ltjlt.rri, \'i lr,r1 itxrr',liriirt
itt'itt rnirrr'-lll \'ii:,tl'tt 1irr,i r ii iill .tt(: iji{'!..ltl :
\ i'f i l,i',li i.,:i;,:ilii.r-r,1 t:r tt;(:r.
j)r:i'it- rtlr l iti.i.i r't'Ilt;srr si tili-ii it:t ii',
It, '|111" rrr l',

:.i

r"

I J)rri; 1[ir.]rr,'l ,ir ('.:r"i-:rii.its ):'.,1Lii,lLr;1, ()il.,r.: aoin,!:/tt{(,5.

r.:s1. ll,ii1 t)i',rli1tin:1r, 1;i- il,r':-',r r^ trll:ls irrtr Angl:I
\".1;lrjir'n:t l'r';tt. ;\l:trlri,l, .\:r:ij;r;', i:15(i. .ili t',r;llittllste,.ie
li. r:'rl;il;iti,rit,

'ii,1';'I (,t;:11;i,

61

\-rrl,r.;-r-l:ri rlr-' ri<Iicl-L (Il {-rlilrtii ill''-'1,

\,r lii, rrt !lriiti iisi i'. rlt..tilr,

i)r' irll-lill. t.it :,.r:1ii,,l ttit .l itltit 51,1 1 t !, ttltl;'L soirt l-i.
5irr.' r'itiliL 1i riisfirilrri 1;ii'1;lr i,t.'ltl tiL"
i',--lx';'. rotilltlii 1 t'lL-;Lt'ititul rr.ilt i tii.rt-rLo{
1i rrir vi oslr uili iir, .uirl ctt-lt"'rltuil
Cltili.r rtili p',ili'iilici r'lc i-lrti rlu otrt'1,
i'-, rr,i iiiriiiri nti rr-r-i , clriti rrillti'11i irllrii'
{),i gindtri rtl( 11 l-{:: "i}f itli'-[ir1111i11 iit)i: .
{).'-ir ftisi :;liillit'ttic cl'tz1il niltr, irrlilirrl.
(lirr;rti, tlltqo:rti:rt [aiii ih {lrii,
('l-irlt rt'lr rrill' s-(i {l()\'('('lt asi:i, ilirlil I
(.\! t!)l!;tt

S(.1

i riitt

l,[t

l;til!;rr

S' r"

.',;l'"i'

[)r: tti-rttilirt, li1.'lllilivi;iltli

Ilr1l1i1

'l-rr, iitr crri.rjltltri ilitl t'*chi lristirtl|'

\rr ,loirr -\t'rttt,tr,:iir ]rl';l! tillt -lrsttlrillli,
(-i sgr.qtri;, trn tti,rt, tl, lli,i'il rririli-rI
t , rrir,;rlt;-r ttii-i i.;l;irrtiir - - ;i tt'' iir' r,1t1 '- l
{,e: r;lt'iL c lrrir.r'ttLlt tlt, itr -qr:ltilrrb I
Niili.in,lrr-li fiiirnn prin cittlurtit iisi-ii..
It,ltiniii triclc trr i-tti [t;st nIP;r."tl .
.\{-:rr lrrrt:ttt'lr l{ttnrltltcilr sli {it:
pie iri:llr-', sll iliLit;ii ttt, ti','rti',
irr
-\z,i
(',1, i t'r (li-rir r' rlii-:,i liliil- i;zlrirlr!;r rr:i'
*
L,r i'r, rs ,1r, lrtpii sttiLiir.'it .i t-,,i l
l)Litlti.'.i'-', duci, i:rt:r:iigir tiiiii tiL'
(.c li-o .qiiic.itr rrsLizi ct't'trl lliii .
('lici ui irirrjrts "-- itiizirut -- rlLti;lt;., il. Lt liill!
( ar *- u^rcilli-i '-- c ittr:l-L tnli i cii:rir i- '
,

'.-,

('.';, it:t..i,''l,r;l sil;i,'i il, (t";itl'il'i

:i i;:i't'

/ I1'!l'il

t,'\ ! \I \
zlr,rliie 1ittiirt"ti,.'1r''ttti gllrs soltrit.
l)in onr itt om, sttlt\r, si dtrlct:, ca sii
lrtzi-::tscir-tr iriirli clotttl ;rlzittr.'r'
Jli-:*a iletltLu'i o lal''ti (it.t1-itllriii l
Srl.

6:

'll,lt.r.:lia {rutit

silS, 1r-illlilit. |rrlrot'1

lrl.iii-i lrtlt'trl,'r';r ;t1111 ;ri: t.i;ri

si
.l;1,i,',lir,'r'l,tir rir' li.t'il
-lf1 I'
i1
\'i.rl'
t.litttti.
Ir'
lil'l i i
1ilr1f
Iirt, l:;'iir';t cr:iiinii''"1. rlt-li fii'-i!-l)i'1l
li oi irr.gli.i'i ' irlii i:ii c-L"i'tii siiiti
\.* 1la t il,ir s1rrt, lq (irr su:- ciir';'Lr i

'

rtr.i,gliiLtti lii-'l-t'cllilic:trl 1r;irrriiri'

i ii. r'ispinrJ "cr' trliL r('i-t t i ;l ri t r' ilL r,
iit liiti zircr' 1i trrt t1r'c1'liLlr:ril-rl qiri{i:
\'rntlint'i.it,":ir fri.r'ir stlllt'u;llt c.
l)irr trol iir, 1ro1, <ii..tr BlLctr:rt iil l'irrrl<':'
si':titi
L'1, lrstri ilpLir fiiril l-'r'ltliiiltlt
.\ r i l.'! i.''i ei 'r 'trr ilr . t tt ir i: i i '
sirrriiii t rLl brelijt.i;' stl iillrrtti ittilt'tiltr'
ii, tili irrirrjci :ii :triri'ct.r'i :iliiirtii'
-)i ir,:i iltolrlit'l r'l',i.irt' - ftig;iiciuir'sc si')lclllll
str';i'l;rrrii'
tnlili
grtriir,
Nit'i tirnl,ti-lr airol', ltii'i
\tt tit*t'i'irlili sLlrtol irii:ii sri cini. ^
Stl'rtt,t-trlcttl cttt'lr i lttttil'\fti, llt lrifll)1 '
[)rritl' irl -".tillr;rit'riir' t tr lr i!'t ii'i
I L l t r'iilli' i', cii, i't cilli i' { :'i Ii', '
i

( Lttrr i()[ \tiitt;rllii;r

.lliill

(, :;:r':{)i'

piitrs <11:-tr lti';liil-ic"

l)rrir,:ii. l.rrlrlttr.i r:c {riui,- Ii r:tt jrc't,
i't r'.'L- .1i ilrt'-zIL cor a sr ckrsr--Lie ' 1ll'
I ).ir- i tlttt r'tt lr.tlt llit-l.lll illfrl.ic' l]1['1])()l
1)l:ii.ir i ,;li1s,,ti., ii.-ttii s,'-it ir'i irrirrt'llr .
iz.',',rm1 r.tttni

irr l{illi ttplit't:ttl' rl"lir'rrtl r'r';ttcltli 'L; l'r'tltir"' ci:ic 11

rt lri \lil,irl'l! l'l\l:'\il'-l;-\li[i (]i0velas
l-)()\'dsiii itrrir.',rlciitrti'
ti
bi*nrptoreu;' i|L 1it,'1r'13 rirrll)t'rrl rrr;ir[(lli'ii]slc intr1li:iti tlclr
r',,:ii1i,r"l, ,.,r'iri,,,i li'irltrr't L.ll :;,rrr ittritit !iilc"f it1L1 r'o1r'trntrltii
r',i,i-'.tc ilrrinf:r. scLiii"or-tlliri tlc:t llct'i irr lrLrr"csLirilc'sliL: tttl
i:.r',:ril r1.,*i',1itl'1ic ;i rrrl sLr'ijin in tii'lc'rrr:lc t,,i:r'11'"t; fic'-e
fiiz l)'!rr1'c slirj i tlii:iri: pil'1ii '-i iniiriiiltrr:iL' Acl:iurrt.r' urlclr{i
tlirtti'r: nrtvc1c,.r-,.irr' inlr:-rtu stil a1c'', sc dc;litloarir lir{::e
calltcLt':risticc sillt irr X'
lri-rrir)iiajc tlin lamilii r-rr-rbiL:. \Iai
ac!'iutte' cc:ir:o lc'c
cirrol
a
,
LriIrilti.Lli
tiir\,{rlclLt crrt
llic:Lrcs.:l
iutri.: {)lrptirlti ru ipii.,lr'ilii:ir:i sttslrttril (1r3ti, ptr';lr'tti'!''l
{i:i

etit.i

rr51.c i-r{.,1q i,;!1;i r:u r irrltcil-alc

err$i:l'r rrlolai \.r r r i l e corti.crlt llrlratl]e.

( .t!..\l'{ )li

intr-ir;r }i;nirlrj c,i1,,,..,.;ltl ,i

l)inlicc:r,qia'lirliirnicittcig..orietlrcer llitr..lj!.rIirrrrrti;i t- \:i Irl_

]iI.\ l'li lll-Ii,l'IE (El casarniellto eilgaftqso]" 1..-u .i1:r,',:r.
gllg-lr 5r,r cirsirtorrstc: so!,ia il amligr:11.c Ii'ir:_irrtlri-l sfi ,,:r-,,:r,i:i
t
e ir lrluCc Ca zc-{i:rc lr".unroasa CaSa i11 Cai'r: l.rcrr i.t;1.t sl u]l.rl,:

l.\ lri: 1iL'ii:\.|''ti

l:f:rrilrr irLf.,

t. .)l);;'!,tit::{J: }lti olrosi. jocui irciistit lllL ltti{ i}t'llirn

,i i I!t {) c.}i 1r};rrLii, c:iL l)t'r}trrt ca Ycrlllrnr ill tl iLtcnti',i
, rL,' r,' cIt'ir{Li rlrripotri^r'iL l)i.d11).sitt' si iiliirt'pte1e ;
, r , rLrr nrir, inii st:rlrl in liutintir. ilt.tj rliult sii-l clcirling
Ir', ir sii-1 k'r-'riir.si', hotirii .cir-l f iu ii.s{sc, ;i lstfcl inii
", rnl iit ginrl si'r tnir i:ii.lu.q-;-uesc" cr11r-] fltc accj. carcr sr
lr',r1i11ii1 c-lr yir,iilt lor r:iud nu. lc nai llol prlcticir --rrr Iolt{'ci-r li ;'rsta l bint s o lllt'i, cliiltr'si l]lai tiizilt
,1, r'it niirildritiL,
>i crrtl zir:, r'iizinr.lu-tr.' ittlr--o tr('i.lt)tt tlLrcitrd 1i'lir-rantl

el sc .rrii1.:i; sttgat:ul o inscaiir clirr,J tlr,rFt aur t:;n.i ul ile ;i ofuaillonl"cle dc tinichea. c11 L-i:lr r' sr inri;rliirirr,;1
silll 1rl cere 1r: tirrca in cufiir. {lilil arler iraiir :ri;iiiliri it 1 ;: .ir,.l
re\;r1t', i:ci rloi cisi,trtri!i sc nriilir iirli-o rrrt;r'r,.:l.r'i .tt.ir-rtiii ri
ttlizrrrli i iil llr, git,1i1i"r s|t-ga,l-Lil I ilii edcui"i i.rr j tlrsirrr: sttl i,r ]u I :
sp,irie{ii cl"r s,rlrrl ii crrtroeslr' [l1ric1i.,, tl lill],,r cr: jr,rl;ttrrlt r i
si ctr i;irtlrrIiir:,,Pr(,,tir-llt:st." rtlrr ltli |blitirlui. :!1ril i;Jtriiii.,:.1.r
c, il,r;tir'i l)i'( ir l (' I r't irriir: s;i :ri,o irttlri.jt.:rsi.:i si, ])r)iilt, !-,1 gnsllt]
Inlrli'rtrlit'i. .l,irt rrli;rlrrlrri, r'ir-nirr. ii :;irurrr' lr.r\(.:1r:ir ,,-...:. ,,
rici i l;i,rlitrr rir.:trrririi sir)1i l)r r,.iclrtrrir., ii tli si (tiir,,ii,{.rii 1.i ii,iiivl1'l];r'c ri{u t}rinsi inirc cL:i ciini, J}r:rg:rrrzu ii SL iriill ;i
tl;ltscrisi rii:,:l sLrlr folirilr tn:rri r.lialort. i_l riul ,linir.r.r (r-ri r.i.,
ciir-ii, SciDir)il, ii.r-c lo|rtrat:ie cli_: Drlrsili$t ^_- i.rrrt1{iii:i_ir i,i,;jj1:ril'rtj dt) lti.tjtr:i si 3r'r:;r.,:;i. C.c.li1;Llt,.3i.r'glnz:',, l:lri: j:i ,;..,.!*
vrjt(r:;tc yial-:,r, rLi:,t rtr:ri rtc,qraLL o *:iilti-ii. ltii ric r,iii;-,_t:
esp.:t icirta Iui rtr,ut'.lYt, r'rt*r'lji l.ali:tt.c si n:r,i..,r ui-i , ,,, , :. j
irrLl,r,'il,iri coi)ii)iiti cr.r lr,.iiii, forjii jn rli.r.r:;-ir-', ci+ilriri ,::.e
rl.:ru pr.t siritlnil lrrllil,ri' j;i,.1-r:ir.rcit. oii,rr.iclrrilc,ll r:i, ,-l-.;:,i;'r rt
1l,ili l'rt:. ,-ri.c. in ir;rgnri,rLirrl ,.l,r iilri j,is ll,-.r'glrri;r,r, ,11,tr;:'r- ,-r:
isi artrirtl.-sti: i:llrr.t;siilc slie 11* cu1;rborl.lttr ilttr,(l 1:.rij-ri.'ii:
courr:il.ilrufi, pil\.tsir);itc o (.r]tl\.(rt.'bt'fc a1r:iit.i iillr.-:ilr -l'irll
iiilt',t Ligtuli cartr"{.riistilc ulc rrrcririi: 11ii i t:;-ir;lilt,rii tjr, :;;,:iilllli, c:ilic irt llt:cltslir, c])riq'i 111 lii;1 ilr: ;l lr-i;:rrlilllrti r.r;r rl_ r.',
p1)i: rlir;ir)il'l'l1 rlitri.i:-orlltti l:tirrrlr: 11{1. uit{)st tito il.lcl;Lr;rt.,l i,
nl:ltt ilittiCiclti) Siul lrlitti l':tnrclii,'i jrr cirritl.lil'll lttlru' ,.iitr.{liiltrrri SrliteL,--tsi. Siirc il.'o-.citii:et rl-.,'\lr.tnti;r:l.rrr,L'Oilr",'r.r1,,,
{'irr','lrtrics rtu di o iLnrrililc sur}ii}r'ij I i ii,riii; i;ri;rjl;li-.tq. i;r
iru\'f lii (.ro11r'[il]iMln{ltt cr:li.rr piitct'rtici 'si irr:lir;1;lii. r,,ltrl},,:1i..ili,ir- ti i (11'a3,lstL1ii pailliu (i.ir)tarti siri:1:li, a;ti"r:, {Jliit. jr.l i-ii, ;
g;:cti si il.ic clir0r aalilir!i siltt ilcICcLllir-iSCulr,, c{riiIilr:r,itii:it ,-i
!ill(lllr-L):L otl1illlri t':sl.e tlclenninal-li rir rntritL. '';i ;-:11 111.;;,111
Sitlr (i.r:l\:{.:tc, ei cl trt:irujc sirrsi lr;'lslteur'llitrii;l'iuir:1
-ru,r(i.l iti i' irrrrrlr.l I'irt, irri.

mi-ai 1;;-rni.l muliruuit rltr

'r11i11i1,i crcsliu llalirrcirs,
.r',,.i[' ir-rrit']i'tnit-'ir-i cinstitc si sf init, si , piin'tie btilu:
iritlt nrtun-i, rir nii sir ti-o irLti'ilt' llrn-i( . ('rt rtceiLstiL liitt,{rl'iiii lrrtllrtit it'sii irtaitttt'lt liri XIaliLLtlt's, trlltt ljt' lt)c
r,rl tt'1i rl'.itlrr tlc tolrrr-is si ttta iitltlst'llL acr'si" sjiital.
.)l il,i lllt-11 cit sli-1i f)()\.'(sl{'sr.' llli' tli s-ail. intirnfiai
iru i -- ci :ni ii-;lu intir-n1;lat rlcsitric -- ilti-al: tltrbni.
rli .irLl I ittt1, mir i cu suanri lli1ti..r11 ct'lt' luzitc clc la
f i11111 ir0lulrr.i tr)c c;.trt sflititt{ 5i ntloia ii aclusc itl licirsl
-1,il.rl, Iiinri cLrlr:Lii laotra1ii in'patm paturi rploPi{r lf
lI),'i.-rrri loit' iir-ti s])11{1, ci-lci povcstrra-i sctute, li llll
rrJ,rli sli iit, lrtuf letJ, |otriviitthi-se itici dc mirtutrt,
.r,rp7r,rr: Ili.ig.11r crl-1 i c1lLi \oit'. itri-.lrtic rt-pod{J:
r ir i., 1,t' ( it lui s{,' l-rirr(' r'Ir.l iniii c ltttjlt pind la ziuir,
{}t.git;i:l : i lun iJ i s1,1111. in cr:ic }talnt iraluri rlin capiLrrl
rrt .rt i iriirrtrt'r'ii, ('rlrLl cllicati. : inlr*titlttl un alclIit
{r'r i:t, irrlr ultul rur i)(x'{ , irr al trr'ilt'a tllt n}iltt'maticiaru
sliirrirII,lrtttil, ir , ttttttitlirrtt'it'itotlt Ii.'t slltlttt'lrrhriri.
5o ,ir,.,7,,;7 ; i\Ii-:.rlrrc rr tirirttt ( irlit \'al lttt as( ilt(.'nt.it lLil)It
il

F,e-aici,

zi, llL orir sit'stt'i, \'al-al ttrincllisc fi:rcsirtlt: 5i lll ntit intibtt-st'ilm

Bt;'git,tt':tt: .\yaclar, irttr-o

cLlti.
:1

:,r,"l

c?ncl Lrriul

...)iil: ./)i'o:ft:;'ri!;'itti sl:-oltii)iii, rrli cit .1tt ru'tititrcsli tle

Ict';:t f:'l'lt

tt,.i.

lit.

6J
I
{

sitl) i)irtirl riltrriir rlin t i. il()c1ltl 1rrr.t.1,rr <i sl jr_.hiii,st.:-r

-i ,'i-;i rlL'lrlirr;:ii :r(iiil-tii. $l irri rr lrirtia-i ,r,it ,.r,ti.ri*
;;ltr1l tl1'rtl sc iiit,:riit,, ii r-l'rs-1,rrp.tjr.r.ri tlt,..6il1.lii lrii r..rlr
Iti'i:,ir,ri iLi.
'. ( rlr-n si"r. tr.linr r'lr,r.r.nrlL lilirtgi, - ru-irir. cl ,.1;.,-;r.,
tirt]i:i, i.'-liIti 1;i;tit ctr :tr;l:i,ir.it'iri;rlt, r-r r rilt:;ilt.iitlril{, 11i
Ilul'ir tiu Llit', llri,,,'ir:r.r slr, tlt'ri Illl:rcoil ii, o1,, rrr li, i, rrilii.
tlt'cit r'ltrlrii .'C l:11. 1l.r Citi zrC{, li1i tlt..citiil cll;.1 f.si r.i iiilrilsi; ;i cirr.rl r.ti iilll Utill lil (.:r l.(, iilrr lrtr..ltri. tloiti.zl r:i d*
ltiii si l)( lttl'u t:i,.il ir slt.lrt r'lt, r1riisl..i;-rz(:,r.:,.: llti
(,1)(t-ir
li i-irc';rlii .rr :rrlriL'r'1, rrrirr:i si rtilri.ri r,ili cli irti'rn1icl. t'ir
(:Irisr)irri. i,li111, rl,, lLrr;r.,\liririrrtrl irrrlrirr.liti
l;i,rrtrrr t.i;,
l'n('(-iillinlst, lt'trl,lr r.il slir.siirrl;i .rr rrrir,zttJ, r:oilsiiirtinrl
ilt! li()(.1)) irriititr)i'. t r rrit., :.rirrl , 1rl;ri.ll1 -i srrbsll,iltili] -.:;i ctt torr tr-' rtsicit, nrr gllsr,st: tIr 1x.inr:i1,tr ci-irltilr si i_l
rii-rl i.? \r'itrr s:ii slirir:, rr'
lrr-i*ci|e caiir, si fic i'tcJr_
gtr.rl_, rilri:li.:,illli'inilios
I )Jclor'or-'i.rli.i:oci si tltlrr-lir.,iit
.i:r'i;l 11-i1i1,
-' I)c-,r1rl'c c. t*rt('irzl-i. r'rir''r.lii irt.r-tLi ali:liiriiistrrl.
t

tul rii.sl ir rirsr'

--'l'r'i;ttazit t'lo:;,111'1 (t(:('it C(. t.t-il l)(rl|(:.lii.i. iiihit,liircr:irul f irrpin, cirrrl u sr:r-is (l(,sl)i-(, lir,.qt,lc _,htlnlr- ,il l,n._
..iilcr-t'i ;l tit'.i111'1' rrn srrp)irr:1p1 I i /.li9t.ir:i ttitttirii s,;Lir
!.itltti tjrturl, sct-is in.,,1r.sriri ct-r.:i1-.g, ptrlc ir-r (,-ci;\.c,
irlit't.c itt t-trs Iil"'r,r. .l)lir- trrtril ap1-11)r.61)ili-i;-r;i.t6rr. r,i'L
iLsigtr t-, i I ii t11 r,|t'{ll)ulr}xii ()t !(. sr-rirsi l :ilia it:, iii t.lj. rr r hn i:.itrl,'rr tii, i rtrt vtt.l'1.
-- llrr ,-- l.ti.s$uris;t' lrlr:lriirrisltr] -.- ltrr rri;i 1ir-1;1 itri_
I

)trr..

i:r-'il itr

iior'zic,ltsrr cir 11-irs 1rr.1r{,ir 1il't.ttil cxrrr,.t tii-'noi.,,,.i1..-.a

.1;i!..i.rti:t0.i!.t.tl.(1;t.. ,ier.Dl,rn lcrJrrrir, !rrirr:buinfat itr

,t.
11,'it!r l)i.1i1t'ri:l 1]iit ;.rtil ii.tcc11tt.l.itl.ait, arrtt1Di[.cir- cLrr.iDtc: 1rr,r,
it_ii_

crviltLil:rercli-LiaL;rt t1'r,ilitir,,silai,xi, pirr-ri:liir:r.rr iic

i),riurllint:i. pi'Oparro::itr):r Pe- alltcltc_,nriltirna s;c. A r:i.rjr:l
,:lt\ r.{,' tili,'n,'^:)at.'),;1.}tl,. ,'i1.,1 Ccl rrtr.i !.t.r,lt it.l ,lr) :t J.ect:
\ r riilr', l r,il.rL "..r,.i , rrr i;iil i\lr; , ;t.Lir irlLirrr,. p.rtr rt sil;rl.r,r
" pi;r..i i.r si'ir;it, sii f ic irlcn{.ir:c. si"irl, 1.n trtrr_l:l
,
il.,-r l,t._4, urt si
!ilrllrrlc, frrrltc tr',irrs.'cll'tmtlir, lli_- lrir:i, rnintlri:r liccsLrri
tloct (rr.l.).
ii-)i1 i,'-<.r;l

ut)

rlr, r'iu( si' liiilllj(, ituiltitirllr ii)illit';{. l)llri' t;i, i'lilit

(l(, 1|trtr.r l[ Ii, ]lli l,]()llii: tgala 1:i' il, li]l;1 , cl\i'{-' (:tiliniii ill
,,,,,'il ('i, tltll.t.rlri tlin lilrsiL irtsi.r'tlltetlltl('l- s.r1l' it tilLrri
ttii-t sprijirlu ;i si,-nli pul:ii la inrhliiirl;-L
1,r irrt'ipt'(riii'i, s;:r
r,., lLiu,ii('lri llt cltt'c li-' l'tcllr.nli ;tiin{a ak:hittli,ri, tlrr
,i,ru ('ri r.r(:ltlil lrrinll-r lll()ltllilllr tlc itul 1i dc J;r";;ir.Lii
r r :rt- itli !'r'i:o (:liiirr ]rc ci'lt: liit: llri ,\jirllts, {"1'li:sos

'l

,i (itstt..
.\ lrir--rrl iniLliititt::ll t:till.ril.ii, (jot-tliilrl' :;lr'lrirrrisl '..
ill, r'i r'rti i1] il.trlsl |ttll<:L 1r1;'11111'-11]('i:itiirl r'\JrLr'ir Jri!t
,,( lr r( ()iri(: ai.riilll ,.iin ltlti' tllrlliii'?
l',rr --- rJslrLtttsc lrlcir!ltiistul - c: rlt'.irl cil tlti l-rttlr
(
oii
I
liirii-l iici.ill]; tt,,iti,<i ;lili trli. s{' s(oal.tr i'cllltilt':iir;
,;1.
trtil inti luti i.i'i'ixlit'si: dt,iti;-L liit''i cli sii tlttc llt l.rittt
,,i
, lir'-,it l,ialla f ilozo{a1iL, cil ajLl i(irlli r:ir.i t'iil si' lro.itr:
1:rr tr rrt-S-ij1t si llul ctriirr titti piclt','.
i rriil tirrr i.lt' f'6lrst t t ri,;rtl ( :r tll r \.: lt, ii t tt('t,r,i't,Cit'i lt
zisir rrltilrrti tttltt.lttirtir-iltttrrl l)t'lltt tt rrli, 1lr' tti'ltilL

ru !irt'i ,'ir,irtt1irlc o citrtc t]r: clt'diciit ;i aitrrl r-'stc itt l;l l'irjnlu
,llst i,lii'r'ilii 1.,ietrei {i.loz,of.alrr , pLitr cr'tLt' r'a ajiilig-l' toi
rrlii rlt'li(r{ilt cttln au lt.irrns ti;ti ll(li-i crlt|r'lrlL tirnllr I i-:;L.li';t
lr( (,lsii.l ..1 .tiri'cc:li"lsliun(r1{dli}-tttclr, t':titr-i l,tit tlt trnir:it
irr'ii tirt ::r 1){)irtt) ntitstlra cll iilte i,r"ir ? })oiiizi ci ;i c'loi
ri, ir rri. lrL Ir-c'tttt.l dc t:iuctr tiiill,lll. -ti ;-if ltr ptttit:trrl iir,
si irr.ri il lrlirtd, at:i il sc;l}., iiir cinil ll-ri sr'l)irl'-'{'-rl lll
l,r: ruiuii |(i cl ii ci ttri*trti irt-iir.i r: sr:iiirti t:rL trit'i rin clriir,
,,,,,, ,,,t |1;:1 tlt si.'irliti"i. t-:lil. si glrst'sr: iilit rit: rlli:litel
r{,, r:i ir;e ii. r'i,rttiir tri.sr,ii. -\t:''r}a;:'r llLct'tr t;li st il;tirrli'lir.
('u(ririr(llrrtttl;r ttlctrltri,1,'r't:lttt'tt'ltcitl)-irr'i s-oqiistlil,
irtr.it lrrr-rtri (lillt. s()(.()l, iil.l (.irrrrrlt' ir-0si lirtr itt i.rtizttitiif.
$i lrsa, (:irltlit tlri'lt:ic ll:{lrlllilit;i r'tt iL ]iti-l'lrirt;rl, t'illil
siii liti1';ii Irttctc fi l)i{)irf(r ilt' Ittl,ttlr', sr'triltttrlaL irt api-r
jji p;i-rill c1c st'tt. fu:r'tnt itni ii:rre ci't ltri't iziri s''l tlt: till'r'ilLr
si irLi,r'*r-i clipiL nli afil,i aiir i'lt: ticlrltrtr-' tit'r'1. incil riiir
intolc sii 11I'c cliu nou ll.rtlrtl:lc a c:iinri 1'lril{ii 1ot'ttrai lttre
sii;:;it. sit o cr-,1rot, cu. 111]{'jtll{'rllt'scri'.'i rtrr-rli-'ilr slrinlLic,
c:r 1l!t tr,)11 )i,,if {,,.1.
{)7

.\t::hi,tt:: .\s.rrlti, l')r'r.g;luzlr: r*ll-rt.ni *ii tri bLric sii,-si

*usli] rrritir r-,,rr-i fic'rl;e o*l:r si lii.ci slli-,"i i.r.slrJ-,lar-si
'irc
s;ircini
pc ciirrc t-ru i lt'-a. dat lrjnrt,ni. 'lrt_l;LLit, 'i til
rilcotr-'al::i r:ii ttitierriittl"t sfa|rii ,til-;lcrriui,, ,,i i,.ir rlc ]ri'iil
;rr fi, n-a f.si Ji*ri i* sranrir ;i r:ll ctl *'lil :;isiir-nr;llr
mr trt,l:ltrc sil i,:,s-illt-ret(..ascil a cit sf:.t1,rtr ir,.i,,r riitrr-i si
Frtt.r'rtit'i. ciirL, crrtl cii rirr ntai rr il ltiririt: rJi: inr.i.tlit.
Sr-"Lriri rtl s.j, r',ri-si. i1r u
1lr' lrr tri. iiiit,1r.1tr.irrru.lr , , rl, i lrrirr r.i"r
1i JiPsa sint irrlr'lr;'ul(: :,i nor;i c.r-t'iriitiriir:i.li..i il.;cti iiilt
irrtililrillrt' r, iilsr-ril)t'f"itil, r'l,r 1.r-llr:: tifr l;,i ]rr{}:li(, :,i (l
prir itli cr1 rii-rp11.f
!)r';'!ttti.rt.. lrti, li l,t \',irirr';li, :ri rlr \'l.i1i' r't' si:-ii
lltl-ilrl,rt .i f iiil, lii. ,irjrri lrl. rir. ,tr.rr.trr iri:iiiilt iii r.,i
llill.. rf ,rtr:rri,
'l'otlr:.rt , r"tiii--;lltirrr,;ri,f r', ltrir irLIr';lI
irLf .i,-.1 li]r,.,i ru_
{()lil1t'trt'lliJi,.(ilt-('it\'(i} ilt lrnitr.rir:ii tllu.*t--i,riintrr:lt:l,it,
btrnt' ilt' iiirlrl irr ]-,oiilir, irit <1r' rniei i'1,:it ;riitt.iL ii
asCttrr:rl'i 111 ;ri11 ii r:1rr', Cit,llrr;i I'iizrt, sirri rlig 1.,r liiCir:r Siiiili.r",i s:r fu . si s,u ir |)t:t i -}a ririnr, lat rinri r:1r ii -, i ;;r l, it.i,, ti i-,ir
:,tr il"i:rl'i r,in!i r-iiLii rrrl nui iill.ts{.; rl}r,rtil
1:ir..iiir. Stlitr,,irnl tlri_
."'ir:r1-r'lii.ii;tif .-irlisi'r,.triil..rrui-rrri.;,,.r,,..,n,r,inrlrin,::..i),t
.t'r'-.i. iir irL, lr, , . iir
:,1*i,lli, 1;'tllir,, ,li i-l.lt iir_it;: iu,li iir
siirliri,,rri t,'-;,s lirc| lrir,'iti r-tr iliillii". iriitl;r ,,(:Cll,-.t;.r
tttrl 1';i.r:it sli lritI i'l"L lriilli si lii;.rii,i r'r.i r.:;,rr,,",.,,1,r-,iir_r .-i
rlt'ttttrlii;t. lqrr cirrt iit,iriiznlti si ci[:t.tzgir:j ,riirij sc :-,init
trreri.j:rri, iilqirliiintiri-ri sir ji.r.;nt';,,,r'il ;i, lniirri ]rc c.(.i co
irrr'irii,'sr: li;rri riirilt rlteit r.i.
,}i'rjri,r;l; i ) tt,rl lttii (.;.rfc lir.llti ;i,rit,\, 1:tr-ui i,r,lll. t t. ::lrlli
ttt'i.!iitt ttltii inn-irrl,,ri c;r1e, llr iirrilrlr.rt.iii;iltiir.+.inr",
isi l'r.i'iilii. :il lii.' cibr-i.rznir:i ; iur ri;lcir rliri 'litlilnplarc
rlrr,,;il1,'ir siut ;r li ;iirr-'irlt'ili lii rriilii rk.,i;o.tra rrrilot-i-:lt si-ilr
i-'iirt'_s{r rir-tiqi;i:.t-r'i, ;ii._ 1,.,t:1, ql,-*41,1 ,iL .i Sr r}ait pc f;ii;i
r:a tric.is' {)i,i!}}. 1ti r'!r-: triltiir:, }rlnlrtt i:."t i;ttr-lr'irrl,ir l:_iit.t
',';rrlii ih":Lrrr rll l?1ls i1r c;rj, lif;ir;i,.lc celi: irnpirlln:lltltt:
ilt. la siirr.'irtii si g;lr*ntii I'r. \'irttrirA cil ;i lrtrnlrl sinit
iliininr: iri::i inti;Nt.lri..nilta rrntrt si :ici.liisi lrrcur; ,,.r, *,,,*
Iiir-ir ltrrirt,, ('lr ,{irrr 1'rr.i. tor.lri-iiri , ,a-,,, *.',-rt:r.oii., rlr, slrr i.-

rii, i. trll r'('r't i,,o'rlolri.,t'. L'itftlii'sir-' pritl siuc il-*ili"

,li ilrrltlr-'lc sa o facir sir nu-;i tnai iucapiL-rt f ii'lc
cl i,ittlitiic s[ o cL:scuriLjezr,. E aclcviLlltt ciL
lirii
,r
,, ,ir tt' sir srti. rc iu
1llcl.ilirca lumii, clar nrt in1'calitiltcil
;
,,,1, r i1 rrr l;lL il r:ci';r cc lici j.tir, ;i preiuic;tt. fi crl astll ii'l
cc 1}i"!llr r{'nl clrlrit convorl-iilii iloaslrc, citci trnrniua
Jr'tminiLt
t'"'"ltt 1:'rin accste clipirturi vestctcic cii s-a
rl. rlLtlt r1c;liLrii, NoiLtr'Lca cArc l:ine, cliLciL ntl ire ra fl
l,rrrisit cttilt\-1 ilcest l}lal:e rlar a1 r'r.r;iri1ii, r"1 Ji t'iIrtlLrI
ilir'rt illt-.tlti 1){)\'{'sttsc I iai.a.
1Lrr,

j ,r,,

Jir,iriirrLr I lS.Ll. :11"1. j- J:tl.l.).\1.,{-;() llL}\ tJl t"JOl |- 1)!l i'{

\l \ \t't1 \- {iil ingcnioso hidalgo don Quiiote de Ia idanrlta} cst<'

l-cga in tr-o sc risoarc din a rlr n e r r l iol;.r i. 1 r r i mri tla1;i cle Lripc dc
,iLr:.i lS{}.1 ; ctr rca voiltlii, cici cci <l<-ri scl'iitori crru irt rcla}ir

.1

(i

il

I
I

llr.l)lstt. lirtLr lro.ilrilclr rorilanul si"L Ii cir.culat irt tlti,tttl"tscrisr,

rr,ill rii fi l()st r:lriar-pu[-rlicat ir}iiitrlc 1'[g ()lr]i11r-'1'ca artlor-ir;rt ii i olicirLlc (sc1rtg6i.,1i" 160-l) ' Iste prr-rirabil ca el s5 {
lL,,ii (,)rllr'pnI srr-t ca o parte cliu el si fi {ost scrisi' in tir:rplrI
rrrr. i rlctr'ti{ii irr Scr illa, clcci cinr-li'a i-ntre tr597--lS0?; Clcrr;rirtcs r-oi'bcltc dcspre,,lln prunc a clrei zinlislire s-a lftr'i:i.ut in tcrnui{il", I]rima parte a romanului se pu}:1iciL 1:r
\i:r,ir-iti O'rt 1605. L:r s{ir;itul acsstei prime pirli Cclrrntes
;rrLrrlil r.ag, ci. un acarlcm.ician, care a dtsciirat stiiiLrlile
rl;'sl)rr ,14,1 (Jrrijotc gisite intl-o liLcrilir dc plir:nl:, '.rrc 4e
girrrl si lc 1,rl,licc', aytcplind cea ilc a trtia ptrcclrc a 1l'i
Irr,r-r (]rrijott:".'in plcfrLla Nuvelelor exetnplarer {''crr-:rrltes
\ (,il)(.,i1(. {L,-1ir.r g.rai)nir:a aparific a urnrirrii al-enllt,fikrl llti
,1r,r ()rrijl!c. l'rtrtc;t it tloLtit a r:onr:Lnultti Don Quiiote de la
illancltA lrp:r r-t, 1rr sIirsitrr] lLarului 1615. Xtr 16i.1, sub .tllLtttle'lt',
, .' rc:11 slLLr I it:til" --- .Aionsn lictnandr:z t1c :\r-cllarlcrla c{r
'['ordr:sitrlas, sc prLbiica uu al dc.rilca r-olum tlcsprc d{rn ()rt;*jr.rl.c: actui clc piratcrie lil':ral'i. este insolil dl o ple{alir cat'r'
lrai.jocol-ciltc pe crcatorul erouiLri pcntrll r"irsta ilaintatir'
tir":r.lr-rtr rnori., cxpcrienla tnclr.isorii ;i viafa lui sir.rguralici'
t' {ragrncnt'1 cc ttrine;12il, 'Cei-i-ntrii:s t1;1 glar a'miti"itiirrnir
:rilus*: 11* Iap1.r lLri 51-gll;1ncila.
s9

IX!N irl'i lt Il'l: ])J: ]-.\,U,\).i.li \l

il,.t.;rlltrr, itir

j'\ ii'i l:.', \

rri;r.1,
I

r,rl

tr'recuvintare *titrrr.

,\'

ciiitrr

t.. )\',ri, l),lillril{', t'ii,.iii rrL.rl"iliiiiri,; rr i It.i.,ir i,tiliri

lr{'iitil;r. r'itil'titii,', rlt'iir'llli} :irll ,!r Ii;llj, ,rr';:'.-,:i ;';,. rir ili:ir.r', r'rt girttlitl i,i lri si. ;riii it;1i'-ir.l i;'i;lrir;riri i,
r;,-r:ili fi J,;il.!rrr'ltri irtt1,,'iiiilr ti, lrriir,irillri r'rJui ,lr'-a]
rir-iil,'ll rlotr (_)tti.iolr': I i { ;)ti :i;'i ::})u'l (l{' ;i('i'ir ( :rl-i, ;; jl-i
;r,iitt' :i , zirtri-,liL l;r 'l',rt tlrr'jJllts si r.l lt Irrt.( lrt l:i 'J':i;'r':i,

i),. 1'rrlii , i11:.'', ll'o ::ii-1 i 1',i iii'jrri1lc rt ii:.1.)tri'1ii':i

Intr:rrr.j,.' ; caci iltlrtii ji.ltr;i ilL l r', 7r :r" tirirti:r r'lri;i;- ;i irr
li:,ilL, r.t,lL: itiiii lrli1i..lrl . l1 .r;ir.,C i:(,i,il,.iii r., ,1,;]:i Ir,ll,i,ir,

.q,'r,,.,.t.

:il[, ;r rr r q''i lriii.;1i ij

It,''-:iLit.rlr :;,'ii, trt t'.rljtt;.tt;

!:-r

\"i'tii, rli-sri{,'r]l',:li-l it:r'ti:ii:r1',

r.lirr :r:ici jioltl('tli.rtliL .rlt. lrsir

i, \'.;; i lllli :,i-., l ;t,lttr;1, :,Sll s,'t :i tirt;rtll:i, .,i i i:, ,i'
i,r:., .i 'i, ; ri.' ):-r iril'i 1"'1,11r'. ( r 111 r'r', liilti.-i. 11r' 1,'j.;1
\'{'r};1 jir :r'i ltt rrli r:itirrilrr-,|, (:.1(' (:i'r nri litrt, lr:,1iin
ri ,ir,r- r:r !ir ltti:rl li liisl irt y,rrillcit l']ti'il slj. tiil il;ti*
I'rr1 irr l,',. ...;r ,.;i \i r:liil-t')il-ilI J'i lrl|S tir ( i.ltllili'1liii iit
ttrr-j'iiriti, i:t';rr1 itL,,';q itii;i ti:liii'lil"i itrrl.,r'tjpt;,r''' i,i",rt-L'
;iit \l"i;,rrt-i, l-;i it'rtttitrt rlr'-otlitriori'l'i. si r-'tJt rlrr-lrr:lrltii;,
siiri:r.'lt.t't'ritilrli'{irl^i}ulirir';lr.liirili.rt('lr:.rc( 1{}i"r',i,,iiL;1..
l)iit il l'li.trilt' Iltr-ii' llri sitarilrt:,.,' iti r;, llii c(:l{)i {,rr. s, iiilil.
l:r lji', :-,r: J.rlrcirl;l i:r:i 1iqs1 111 dc irrtirtitt';r. irr:i ir'J-;: rrirt{:
s1 iir. rirtric 1,";rtit r:l-r1-.'iirl, ( i,1ei LJ-{ti-'ilnltllti iri;ii lri;,,' ii
stl--i sll iirri;irril rriii-t lr,i' .ili]|r,il t1r Jril;il.i. tir t'ii sli'si tii?.a;iscJr.i.rit'ii'li rlirLj Jril'clr l'rrgiiri ; si .riit siiLi rli' r iii;r;,s
i1:: ii(t(r)ri i','-li r lil-, iticii ,.i1,. i li-ii. s.;;l lii>ii llr':;i't'r;;l r:i i-il;
.{*irr ;nJt :r'tii sr-i I'1i,.: ,.'t r:li. rtr' }nt itll t'll in lrilti;iilr i,t:rr:.lli,
{:til lltli-i J,}lr'itirt'o.: l::; 'i-f i'.1 -i i i fr.r::i ,il' f:lii !ri :1, r'., ilrl',t-r l,i:',
t l t11\'. i );;i i li..i i,t!. rl, lrr ,iit.ti,
1ril I;'r.|t:;ttli)'ii, trtti', r't-:lll.i, lfll,is.
!.itrt.;r.ti.!i ll,:lI.i,,:, l) si /;,/14 l't'ltt
;rll;l, it' irit I' rt l', ,r,,, t t.
7CI

r'11,1 ;t(.1ili;i t ii rltsiiyir-;it'1 :l, i.iititjlntr-iils:r'

lir;l rti-tttit (li liiJli'1., ii:il'sll l)ll lltii lj iilllit
(i;1lltliLlllli
rlr,
l)('(iri-stll-lri.(r1)i'11llli
itlr1'ril, 'ii ;rl i:ri:i si
.i,,, .t, i,t ,:,,r', -i ci i;jilu i sil l){'':t'i.lll}ii illt'('ci't:lr'} sl;tl '-:i
.i ll1,:ir;.it'i ri^i irir: si :'ittti:rr:t:ii rl r'it'i:ri'}i1il' lrtlri!ri ;ll1'qi,
.rr i){'lilri rlt s:l' lilrli -':r}rii r':l lill ( Il iiitlrl t'irlllli t(l
il;llll{)r,
r., i irr citr"tili', ci. irt :iri:ilirll. cill't', l;t"itt1t-i'<:t t:t'ii
ir)l l|;rit:o;ii,ii;r.ittttlJ':. fi lL-'t;r jli-il jlllli il!ilirllt, cir ttt:'t'
i',,,' 1r;r-r,,urtili't:1 1i ril;i -i-;l'i!ii-t' (-;i ]''t' llll Il(:l'(i' "-;
,,r I ill/t-],,1'(';r{ I lr, .ll1"tti :rt!r \;'i:', 1li1; " ll rirrlli '''irr1l
.i, ili.,t..'' , 1:' -' :rli:, 1, iltttt' . ( ir lrrl { rlii":r itrlt ;'1,. ''l'
,i,,'it 1it'('i i, :.ii1lli'i. ;il,,lii :i i it:'ti-l:-'; -i i'ii;irl''i ltir'tit( ;'ill' I i"'
'
i il(' -1':iii ;l:rir ( lllil :i;itl. tlii-ti,'i irl tlt' lilii :"
('li
ill;ri t 1'rl
{"il
lii't'ilt
, rrialr.ti t;ttli,i etl i,!tii liliri ttlrrii
tlrtitii
.i,l,,"i,r,r:i si inr:itljiliriiIirrrilr'r:iiiiritrilri(tijtriri:si
(lrr('
sii
jriit--rlrlr'r-ir
t[';:1i;'r'
rii''il
lir
ir;rli
,'
ii
;,i]jr1lri
.:,irir'it .,ri1-itrl, llilili1r; -,' itrs:,i;-r :tlt';'i rric caci llt'r'ltiiil ttt
ii , rrr:1',-t ,lrrtill jr{}i tir', ii ;iir'ltlilst' lrtr'r'ililr '-i iil'lr'i,,'ii,.ir ilr. lrtir , ji, .r,.l,r;:iit, si. ,ir' r'it ltl,lt:r':. llri-. r':l
:.i slttitl ri|t'1r1, ii :irll lr ( t!ll(t-r llLril ilr'i -tlii tlr'ii'ttt l'itliti:
,i,',lai,li ,'?ir,.i )l)lil){l i liiil {li' l)ri"r'siiilit' tri.ir'iii' li l}l:ij
rirr' ll li ti.rit:ir tit:t'i1 lliol'il1(', lriittrittli't i, lllttlt' : r'1rr 1i-lit
si lolti'' t t it'i:rlirl
lrrili';.r .ii, i|Lsi, ltillLt .,llittir lr-l'l' i!\'!'''i
ir;'ir:ii i.
\',.,i i; ,i.,'irrLi, l,r.ritit, r'ij .iili 'iitl r:;rlt :rllrt'li if itigli,llit,,r' si ti il;ii.'iiilJrl'fi1 slfil)s iti lli''ilttt'1t' tl;';rit'-ii' i
i, ; , ir .ti,,. itiiir, i',' r't,t-i Iti:ttt" si-l trirli :ri i'ri'-li
',,,

l,r-irlrli,t ,ir {'ii si rpir.

i r',r1.. I:,iitiirlr yi,:riiit :-rrrnitr, sl,' ,lc I,ut

l,:tf1r'll ;r i l-;i r. l'{li('lLl

ty11,

tl

;ii L,, 1"u.rgi.,il ; si_rloiilruul al'r.sia sf 1.cdc tr.e;.ij;a ci nlr se

-ttuti btlr tk,{r i de'l.r'i,,l.irr: f{-, l"ti.l CilteeZii sir pir;earscri

irr ci;np dr ir j_Lis ;i sLrl, t,i, i,, c, rr,lLii . ,i"'r, ( rrlr (.r
i_i tarr,ilri .ir,L rnriiri,le;r-;r tigarlrricstc ltt rrl ,lt, l.rir sr inl.i
ca si
.lr:il s;Lr ti riicirt l'rli0r'at r1t: t'ir.,l;,r't'. ,l)acli ri ,i,'iiirrdr
r Lr.l'a sir-l crrno,-ri. iilrr',.i i,i-i- ;;;,,i ,,.;'
l,l'1,;",;,'iil;,
jignir, tiiLulci *.,i,,'i,l'.inr i-i,irc.i. ,'f i,,'_
l,,l.rtcnL
^,lrJ sl un3 chlire ci:le mri
1'o{rlr.ul.
rcalr: rstc cin,J ii r"irri
tLil\'it tn crp ql ar
sli .*{:r.i* si sir tipitreasr:ir
n
.putca
-frri
.;r.,r''tc clr carc si cisti.te iot;rtit ,t,,.,,irrr..
cit

trti atitir t,anicii;i

'',.t'r,,rr-,,-i.

"-

,*i

":i'i,

.\ilit.,, ()LrijiLtrri, i,jtirllL,. t: if il.r,r.cIL.t.,rpr.lr1l,(];1 ,,.it1!rri:,ii

irilrrults 'lr ir'ttLrrrt r()?:, \ ..il -ir <irrr'rr r ilrt:r t'r.,ir,,r ,lirr,.r,,_,.r1,'.
;,i'irti.. n;i sr'iLirrr1;iL n.urr.k, irL rlrrt rif i.itrf tr rl* la
l\lir nr:lte, il

ir:irilr-e'iitseu'i it'rpc!;ire'LrrS.n.lli.r t,ai-rzir5i'ir.i:'r'rrtc.rrtl::uur,

t::i. in nurnrle rl,,rarrrur'i girritr'ri1.r s;ire, tr)*iii*r.a iiin "rolrosr,.

:-rii ir-npl ini:as.c

ii s.rc i.'n c;r'a ll ri iri.r' i';il itc itoi.i,1" i .pi r"

1,,"n'r'i:*rire crci'1ui si'L iniercii,r;rtr-si
e].;._

r:ei sL*Lri. Pri'r.r'e

1n clntnLl ciirora se a f li. ;rlte per_;on;rjr: t.,timin,

intilLiiii in calc si car.r .i;i spun p,:r.cs1.ea. par.ica intii
st,

srri,r::1.e

cri u"lLr.er.a 1ui ilr.r* {Jirij'te aclLsir. .[)urtiriL a tlou;r

[st,]f i_ci-rsi(. .{.ll r*l,Li 1,111i'a. r.l)i:tl)il(L(. litrrr.trl.ic. ..*
n'rr;L
p['it_ir,.^ a liri tLrrr ()rri.j,rtL.tri llt.t l]llj.ni.t-l:rsc si
lltlL>LlJil;rir
ir\r*nturi, tnlL.inr d,r tur.:L1r.r.ul LLruii ,\lLrc.._- tLc hirt prictr._
iir'lr lir-''itr

tri.ri bin.,rvoii'rr', liceLrtiirtrrl. -'!unrsr-,n Cailrsco _, ri,-,ir

0g ii.lr.
so supLrn;i. cirndit:;ci pris!. dc inr iir,;iiirri
il;i .,
ii nri,errii. acasi. r')'oLrtr ;rr-t,a inlrrr{ia
sir ilucii c, aitir'riatri,
plL:;t.r'iili. nns:i. resul...,lr, r.ii.alc il iri'-irscsc; br_rinrLv.
i;i

u.lt tlafrlL si

Ltttr.rastr: rtilircir,:ir
) l 11lol1fC.

r-

{.)o'' iluijr)tc sc

, l-irtt{i-L r.irr.itltr.i:.lttrt

ini'-o

i si i)riltil.

sl:lLri ,.i lor iii t:t-:'" rl llspirltiir-' iitrlls':l"r

lril;i1i:i;rtt rir:Ljor''liili'i)' 'liJ1: njs{Jl.tll.),riiii
ltllrlD
iinr'-.r ltLtttil
in.:}lirii-{)r'ililL: iii,'t";,'"
Lt,ilirrl iil{-.1tis aL splruir:i rrtr,rririIirii'c;i
justii.iil.r
-sir sc ir:r.liL1:'i'.-:
1lrr.i.si ,';r i]1 c1ri1'r r.iiliilfi]J f,rloirrl
si i:llt illirr:;iil
i'rl
c:':ltitlit'rll
ittcoirli'iai-ilrilc
i1r1 inrFl:c r-,.:lrltiiLiil',:
-*
irri',llilr:, t:i i;irllill ltrllti':r iitii' i lt r'itltlllrellll trrr;lllltsii
pliit
|'t:r: r ii
111 Sir;trtit ,1,: ltirt,l.'li, 1,'i:ittli Plt'i'- r'lri;i,
"ltC
i,..;r l;,rl! rlirt ;r;,,2r:trt si rL:;llilll1'1 ,-:i,-: lrll-rl'ilzcllltltli tl i1:jr.'l1lc11rl,l
iri ; 'i ' ']:'r ! l ' 'i
,rlr;tr-ii, 11 i()rt,'1rlr il,.l1i'i(', illciL lritloiilitilt
(i(liii'it.';l'
irllcl'zlic
tlL'it ll
1;r'iiirli'tt.t:t,1r I lir;11-r-{r'::itl
:'''lr(-t
illi(rl'rti:t
lll(r
i',;l111r's
ln Don Qrfiiute,
'iir;l srrll'liz;i
ilritll(j
clilllil:i'iC
Cur
O
l.:l,li:r
illrl'(i';'i
i
1-rl-irt
trt titr)lt r:l\-iil(iif:jti
i1 tiilli-,1i1 r-'rlt','rliliiii'5'rl:
irl(r ir.rfsr.)1i),jCjr)l.. or.1 t) lr: i:rill,.:i:
,..;rr.1'.r.1-r;'t
.ltli
.\ltltts,r i irlijlttlri s:iil il-l
l:il.ili,l1.r'cii
r1.il,;iiri{t tl,.:
Iitl.r'triio cl! t.rlr-11
li{ti'rtrc.
ll'rir
,,,,,1,.i,1 tlis,:rrl-;.'Li.ii
1)rrilllrriir:
;r s,:i-i-j rii:il,r:iltt] o il'lclarit iir ciril; tiir-..tlt it.i i'rt);rt:rti jr;'lr1ii
clli-c:ii;t''':lir'ri-":;-:r
irrlir;air:i:LLtit.rilllst:lir-lc','lrr;hictittr;lrlirrtt'l]
:tr1ti1)l'il;i\'.ll('r'a':'ii.
1'(l11,]
bicirti.r:('ii
ric(lfr
1l;.lr:
lrrr rrr-i5iri,,tii) l1il
I-lt :fii.sitltl irrir.tll;ii r.i'r!i, 1'(.jl;1i|l|]l1itlJ r.t:ril.i i;t1 |10 ,,{J.].i].(i
(.rrrij:riro trlr.i]itricrl,, :i r I o :;,,tit;j Llit-r'r-1i-1. I r';l\':1lill-i'llillll!i
ir lt , iit i lr'llli ( fii{. r:r\:i1t.l'i::lll:ji'
,l;lt:,', ;i,rr si :r liirrtltti
.\rritr:Ir"..:;t t:il,rr

*_
l, isi lur,.e testlrmcn.ttrI

spar-iic a e1i-scriminirrii oiLrrc-

'.i;ri s.i r-eligir:asr:;

pcrse.c,iii rasiaie
ceiur p'tei.nir.i
'i1"r:
'buzul
si
L,r.,,ga,fit arbitrariul au.toriti$l1or
ho! regretir c:-r i_arr
i*.
li5r--;ii 36 dr-: rlucafi cu c:r.re sI mitLriaiciL gr*ii"r,rl
procuro_

i,,itrr1Il tll i iitllr rli ltll,rrr.i;l S.lrrr.:llit cu srrl;usii ilr .--ctu'i:iti

()
j.lisulti
iilr-ii.rtrl.ttsi, i't titr,ri ll.lii11l..i t :'r
f,ar:tiittii:t.
,.,.t.rr.'l,r,ii
(]uijrile,
ill rui;llirsiilt:i 111i j -;1'l''"r:
i.r''ititisii
cstc
,lintr: lui cl,rrlr
'1,.,'1rir,t.,,
tcl
l)itrlirltl ci r-!ur:r:lc i)il \'llrlil ti str-ir'l iti;l]iiir-" tl
1,) d fiil(.lur.si':. fan't.'r'tt tiucc si dttccsr'1 - rtr':ii {]uijr:l-e ;i Slint:ii'l
l',rirrir iiilt tL'-rlrl:1li-ilt'jLrl li;itri 'iir'':i''i;n;iicll-!l; sriir;"in!clt: ior
r:'lrtt'titsli P:tt l: "r-:
s;iit i'l'rtli tl'lrrilritilii
r r-rri;::si.i si sltiit:il;1i

i'\

1i I
F

l.

\ l\

Ii

lo l*g

1i
galere). C".,,,iia omeniei este

i'nL Fri::tlirfi a nu {i dLrs la

c.u
;;tit inai rlurei"o:rsi cu-cit,p.iLcifuiesc prin ea pcr..rna-jt,
;i
i'aie rn si*t m;LlcIicc: cle pihl;'i. rlLrcclc si
rli-rcesa care acordir
c;r;,iraliiate lui clon Onij,:tc in l.rlrtea n nl111,o a rgrnanului_
T;l 1 llll se
l,rirrlir laiir ti,,,r.:rslrlii l.r..L.ii rlc 11r.c'r. rLl.t sc,,:l
;_l

r'

rl:

1.r,1. r.lulltt iit iljr..i.r',.;r :,;l;rr ii_ ;r],iil- ;(.glj).

it1l,r;i.i:.lrl
ti,' t ilst;i, ( n /r 1,.,i, ii'l:l i.ir;.i .,,;,i,, ,1.., it ,,,,
i{,,tii.,,i
i11 1':i.r,tLit'i tr,tlr:i ,,',
i,,,,,1, li r1,, 1_, rr;i.i r,i.,-.,fj,]ij.
scrisri. itr'ir,rrrr stil rlisi:liil:. si-rr,.cl-i i,, *.r.u,r,,
ii,,
sili dc r'ir.i,.i1i! si rl,' i;rit:ir.pr.irr'r.', rirl,i ,i,,]'t,i,'"i
,i..ri.,,,i* i
1', ,t r'l:,r';;ilr ;i llr l-ri t'i,,r,,,tii,,r-i, 1,, si?lsitrrl r.ir.iii, ctiri
ti1,i nn siiti liititriiti. ;iitr,ii,, c'lii;lt.'ti;rr.:i_..,i:lt i 11,,
',.'i,t'.,,,l_
irj,t,lt,t.,. rli.ri'irt., {1;,-..l,::;-rirr:iii, I,irrl!_rr giL
liiiii: tliir,'\l.istrir,j. rliir l,lrl,,n',,i rlin'ii,l,tt-, li,,i,,
I'ill:.rtfil,-rt', i:rlii ii I' ,;r r 1 _-i1.,r ,larr,.ii;l
iic citiir,t:i.
i;rr.t'r.,lrrrli'ri.ii. f;rt',.;t ri rrt.lr ritr
1.1 L;;^i.tii,tli 1lcst. riLi"tr.ii.r{,'citi1i, rl. rlr,, Ii .i rl,, ,t,l.ir,,i i'r-ii,rr.jci,l:s,i,,
is.(ttLsinLii : l):l'rni-1r. , itril ..r, rrlri ;i;,r,,.t, .i
,i ail,r..
rlt'l Sr'iilrirrr;'i ,, .f'tir-i t';i ,r t)i:rir.slirrti .l.ltrrlr rloittor.i
,
;ti t,.'l,,iti,.i, itli irii;r;ritii ,i,,ir'11, irir,,r s,, 1;r.ii.r.;,
",i l,;.
lt/-iir' {.1}ll,., irir.rrllitr irL, ri irii[- llt r ult Lrii zl3llr
r,r,.
li
rrrr ir'ir';ii.i':iil i:i*ririri'u r i:.iii;iii,, yi-rr li rtrrr rrii^i i
tlrrtr;tii o iiri'i!trlli rir.r ltii,LiiciL -]ti.lllr:r.,-:.!-irir;rs,< iL, t;-,r
Ittiri itIr,r'i,: lrlllitiri.i',1 sil-i ir lizi t,,i, ,_,, citi,-*ti, ,lJ,t,l
,;;
tiit :tltlt I [.]i, tq.rl ii.. e:iiir;t. \"li fl li1,si11i .,a,.i,,,, ,rr,,,, . ,.,,
rL-;rnl riil gin,i rrir.i .s*ri ailllcti:r
l)it rltiit{inr:;i rrici s rr
{'{')rii(rrtt'/, l:t :rf ir.sit,^s;,{j11 irtil. tri,ri
1,lrti1 ;tiil rlu;,;i t.,.
lLitlrit i ln-.1 !li liilri r'iri,l ;nt-, .rtris-o, i.,,'.i-i
lr,,i iilsilii
lri iti,:r,;-,rr.i, <:lrnr f;r<-,. [,,,rl;i lrL1r,.;r, ,lit1,;.! ]iittt.i.1,.:
alj.i_
l,r,trrlrri, i;ri.:.,1iirlrI .* .\r.isi,l.l
Lc.r.rrriiii.,i c' Xr.r:i,;i
{';rr. r'ii ,:tt Zitii si ,. * 2,.,i:xi:r, j1 t',ric t_,:i **Lll. ,-:i,lt
'lctrt bir[,-,lnir:. l.ri ,-:cltil:ril pit:1i.,r.. nu si:riii,-i:. .\tr
tti.i.i iii;:r'lls,.,'l sii.:ri:i,i 1i)irii_) Cirli si s.t-i,.i,,l. il. r;i._j
llt
irii'rrlltt., i;lll {'i.i irrii itr t; -ri ,i tiil,:i .,.lrt,,t,,tr i cit.or.
lrtiii,;.i
irt' Ji iiiicii. r'n,ri'r.irr.'rii, r:ir1iii, r iir,lii:ii, r,irilr,/rriti iir
.iitli i)r)r'1.iitrtr iltirni ,., -r.,- in, r,tr-i ,rr.:rt tr!_ r.i;li)c.()iul
Jri._
nritrirrlrri j clritrr- r.llrtlj, <1Lr-ar" fi si k. ci,1r (.u.,
soli,i(,ir,
ast('i-i. i'![1r1'r-11 lilittr.rti rlc rircIi, siiu bliic
r:rl. tli jt,_;rr
iiir-, ii.r. r'r1r_::-i.ris:i ilir ltir-rr:.,,,r.irir, a,i,,r, ii.,_;rr.liirtr,rr
:iil
;ri.iilrli lrlt,-,li-, r:iii:tr- tlirttr.t alt: lrcr,lr,i.ir, (-.u rtrill{.ir,,;iir)
in S1r;rniri r-rr:.r;istr-iL i ),
Si trr: rlclistrlirrr., lrr llrtn:l tlr.trrli, ti;rcji_nrirllrrr
i.rr bjrrc
ctr s0cLri.tlrllr. Cirrt{-,it li:tii il tlirniit;11,_. tt_ili i-. lr,t.t,ie
f

(,.

74

i ttlr lttct'ri rlitlti'-;',ct'lt'ri (11' ':ilr') zici illi-i 1iIstsc'

ilrdlc'lrllrtit itlrl;t;r'ii,r,'t,'; 1,,,rt;r. lirt-i I,ltrcit () ittlrtllittrliL.Itlrl;lriIt-ilvcll l\fist't'ttl
(lr1\'.rl''l'i(',
tit'
,1.'
i, i,,, , i,lilri;litet ir: ilislt--;t
i''tt
iir-t:cl-'\I:rltr
\',rsj
i,,i
5iil'.ilrl
l.
,'u,
t;irlic',
ilil.c:-\act-i
Ili
i-icir'
n-rr ,jutis
, ,,';,,' ,1,,t't t,i'li
(ltl
1i1]irl
ciil't1
i
S'
1i11
istOr"it:
1-]()t
IilL':rrii:\lirttllli
't1f{r
ccrc
iriz,llrrrlrinii l;,l.ritloli :'-, 'lrilri {'il.lll<i111
.llrt .i sc llot
,';,'; ii ,f 1",,tii lr'i i''1.,:-l it ' , *i rur-i qt-i rlt' r't't ' ittt;ttlrt'tlj.utai',ra lif i{u,r,j1,,i,: t,r.,l.t.t.:t,,tr1;ii-iiii.
;,',ritli L1i, i,
lnl ''c,:lol r,jitll icc-)ti i rl-:'1 (' 'lt' r'c si prilrr-lt'i'rj

!,

rri,

i tl it:t c, itlllcs t cc ii l {l 1r''ttl l tt ll:-'ta ontcnesitliJrrilcil

,l,l,ll-,.,n rfi,n,ri.z.i(.scxl,,''rcstc,c c.lt.trlt s,ri cti
'luctp' Sinlt
tcrrllrI
c::ciiill
rrririi
l';'.r," ''ititill|tiri
it,,ir:,..,ii,, 'ric;
-cii
ii il*rrit: {i rli: f'rJ's ilt c{-'ta r:t' \rt'. -c;i
.rrlr.i
,l,r1,ri*ria, Iiirti1,,,i , c. cit '. f i c'. nttti tlcsii'it ii.l"[,
('ll. iilit rnrr i t-trtsi',- r-lt 1i ct'cll ctl t': tlc sc't is' -Si ctiill .sct'isrrl Jnrirjlrilc tirr iirrl.i;ttr t.tlai sri'' tlt:cil sir l'tiiiti'z'l
flL^ cil]-c
Irrrtrl; i.tltitli l)(r r)llf(' r) iril ill lrtitltl si',1Ic(lcr]-('lr'
11-1li
tlc
ciLrtltlc:t-iC,
,,,, ll4crrr.i irr 1i":]lij ritrrl{irttii cirr:-tiltl
dc-lrlc
lcqi
sr.llliilitesii
,lc cc: sli. trrttl;li ctt ct t sil rrJ crr
''u
ii'iozo{iior, sfri.t'i tiii'r -c';r'iJitril'i'l , fal*tlc c1c-aie pocIikrr, Or-rttii r'lc-rli: ritot'il0r', tllilllllli'1c-irlc sfitt!ilor'
ii ,i,1,.r. si lii grijri s-ir scoli la cr1;iLt c* r'uibt 1r1int
J:inc
,1.., ,,ticr, ,:irlsti-'rt: r-"i. lt locrri lor, t:lt lrlr zt sir-ii iic
r
s(li1-jrlr''
culll
colol'it1ii
rrjs.rlilil,rrli.r.', sitlriiilrlit'q115:c'it ;ci
ili lot cc,-li; rr:jzrii si ti-lir sta iir l)rttiJ]tii sir rlltr-rr-ni .in
:.,:r'is, riitlt.i ,1r'irti'-li'.ls cr(l-1li Il'tlt t11 -slrtti firr-il siL-ii irrItill('{'i ori s:i 1i itlrilr'' -ti l.ttitt \''rLlrc gil{1}' lt:i i1l
,r.,r i','l itrt:i't, cititiilt:-ti I'ovtsl('it, ''tl trtclitntolic s[
,rr,,,'r',', rl,: t is, t'cl ycsttil l'rtls I)c .gllttlt' sli-rsi sporcllst:li
si r'rri rrrrrll lr;rr,r,l, ir,,i'Lrl si ltrl S('l)li(rliStlli-qCX, 1lr-icL:tr
,r,,il'.rf',i .,i s,' tttitltlllr'i'-'l tl'' i::( lls;lllil' tlijsc'lcit'ii'
ti ;ltl
t'rlll)iliiii
i''i
f
.l
Iltit:-r:l-t
ili'It'r
lI-'r
.i
a,'*t
't'
tl,'.1 'r li'r'l'1. itttr'-'t'l'r';'ir' tl::cit ti-cstt'.tirlt:'r
1-; 1,-.,,r.,,
r:i r'i i,i ili: iri*riril cLl rrrs'lnilllll 1]ll{lst tlciLtttit lti c:trtiio,: ,'r.st,rr-,i cirv;ilL:rtllsli, llritc rtrc irtil.irL ;i sttitc iu -slirvi
luc'*
il,t si rnai rtrtilti, clrcr-r, lrsta ti*t.;ti, 'u lrl
''tin
;,i tir:tiil (...).
',,',,ir,ii
r irr sr:ir, tritti iurtl

, lr

7i

r'.\ii'llt \ ,\ t){ii ,\
Cnpitatul t-XXtV
y't,:,'.,t,
..fi

!ttict;1t (t (tj::!/ ,l,,tt t.J.t,- j,.,, /,t

'
;\4i.
f 1,.\:j,rut.tijilu/
ir, ,ai,'5i /",r_fri ,r,'t '
.rr' rl, .rlr : tttutirlru /tti.

ir,sjrc

:t

tjit
r

{"..)

Nt,tr,oat:i,

ra:i

rrn*c (k,tr

+,ii.rlill.,
nrcirr. I\[irrit'rr nri-. ircLl', tics;]risi -ii' lir*1rlrlc,
fiil,l"
lrLrLilr'le irrtrr,c'r. lrrc;rlc t'r'csrrriir'r
lc,,];, rr, rc llsrtl..nrrq.
riL,ltsu,lrlr-L-i rilinriiloar.ca.si irroltllr,,i,,l,,';'iii,-,
ar 1 trr'r r.,,r1i cl, l,()\clili'r.;,r;r1,,,,.i i. .\r.r;lrr,,,i,i.1:i;
jnrr ri;,
)1',r rJli) n. t.,;t ,ii(..rlilrlt. Si rl,,
ttiitrcirrr,ilr. ]r,r _i t),r_l;r
1,.1 l i' t i.lt rlr: allr;cr';r rlr.cit r;l
*,i ;iti c;izlrt ilt.il de ii.r_
i:iri rrilzij r]e 'lrr.c,cjri lj ,"l *i,i ,,ri,-ti,rr3.
s;]._mi ri.s_
rurnl;i-r f;rPf ;1, cjtjrcl
r."irrl i, ciii.t, si_rir; fir
"-ili.,
rlrr:i ln,ll.irui- lti,ntrrr rrr{lct- I:t, itri.l6ii j}{,}}{iirtfr,"Criii
sinll
nlti af]1i-rr Pragul rrrur rii;..rs rrrrr'i,i ,,..,n
iu
u;"
i.r
{ir ;-.il su ;;{r. lli'iata ri' nr.i_r' ftr.:i .r.:iti;rr ntil dij l,:l
;tri;,"ilr,.
"i,
r,r it.irr , irr.it sii l;rs rlrrliir rri'r,
llrirr.
ar,i;rrtit
,
n*ir';rr r.ir iLitci,i.lt rk.li1 irn a,,.,i,liii ,ri,,,
ll-;t's \"t { it ti:1 usi s;l i;tilit r,s(-. ir{tr,:t ;trlt.i irL ,.,,,.Ln, tu*L,
irrlr, *i,*:'.''
nr,.;r. ('ir.r,*ra i, f*ii'i .ir:q-.fl-i,.: 'iri,r,;'mri
xrrilrenr
i,'i. Irri.lj., 1tr: hicirIiirirt,iLtnI :.iriil/,ri {-li r;l
irt i,i x;..irt,.i, i,';,Jio,, u1, fi i*rlcii l.ri,., ;!i ;Jr'l.fl'll_

si :;i-nri lac tcsftintlr{ul,

[).ir nr.ltr.r;i1.a frr crulalir t]t, ticr,ustil []slr,it{,iil;i" r,
d.iLil:i cu irirrlrrca r:.lrrr
i,rictr.l,i."
^ -,r-iriir;ri
cr,-i ri,riri
"'
cl':,ii [}rliir-,i,:, ci le _trr.,i
spust:
;i
- "tr:er"ie ;1i-nrJ, dragii ritci, ci rrr *i: .ur:ri sil;i ;rcri,lrrr
-_ rr
Lll
{l{r1totdl d9
.}{ancira, ci Alonsc SLr jrruol"-iilu
r-r-ur rq)usf,turi -l-ir
blajirrc irlj ficnserfi. r*nrrnick,
ct, or.l
[,rin. .\{'i:n]:, il rlrr.rntrlc_c llt, nrr,arl(. (l( A,,,,,rii_,:."
dr"sr

t
i.i zirc;rir i .\l,111ro O1;ij rnr,. 5: r,,i i._,r,, j:,1..
',-t, !r'ij,'1s
(rrrrir,l;r sau e_uijrrr;r,
illirfi,
-.
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1: tlpi-r,Jr,{ .\t,t-\ at 1\i11"; i L,ir,.;;;"_;
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r',. :r ;r i;i [, fi r'bii ir':Lsr::i tt in ;
i ui r:irz_ ijr'i i,, il,i,
.1

4rJ

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iti

Iirlx

irtflrp.hrjli,

{rrijjuil.,
siili
i,,,rJr'ir i,( ctirt, ii,-;r' r *tlit ac,ril,
irr',,,,,r,l ttiir,rl,.r.,.,
pc erirre, clutri crrnr ilm spus, nu_l
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';,ii ;lti lrtr ,itrh,,r'riic r-'a ,.;i illii r'ri:c;r ltli'lrci' ;i tltl l;lirrt'r'l-Lllist:ljtl tt::t;itlll t)iill, t-'iiCi irr r-trip'r:' '-'t !l r'r'i
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:
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,,,,rr tlrrii,if, .i, ,l,.,ti rllt (l:1l'ct':tl'(' il;iicilrl;i' t'fii'ii'rr
.,r,,-i-1,''i,a ,, l ,l', ,l,j' i,lr- rtiill 'iilr :l{ri}:11{rlr' r}r't1r;i 'iliil''
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r!rriil llilrli sr:-'niri;rr':{.. {lilulri-irtti,.ir r.'ti trccstil si cit S;tit.r'ir,' lll,'ir..jit . rllfr. Slilrcirfi -* ll iilrrl lici.ul. tiirt Ye-sii ir:
r.{;rrl rlr: bt,t:irjlitttcirl, il ,.,. *q111-1 :,i1 rrflil- sililrirrtr-si_l *r-icticxila fi crr chr:liirfitsft rlili p.lirst:.

i'j;rrl vlizlr t:ii

iril , 1111 ;i c1 sir stinrr';rst.-r si sa licr-iuni.zi.. 1_uii l*{it.r.. ii, >prr\'t,'1[;1lii,r, .,.i p11rrliri icsi zitirr,l
Irrll-adui-ii- cir l1'rgtr sii mriat-ili ;i iutr'*rLtlt.r'ii:
1ri -i iir 1'oalc rnintili: :\lr;nso {]irijliito cr:l }jLrri. Prrii:nl
li('iirir SI" intriuD cir sl't.si llicil t,-rstlriltertl iil.
1:'':itilc itcc-qt{rir r11 ll},ri l.,rrtrria sir tiui tot plitrrrl ,-1iir
och ii cltt'1ir"t i:sei, ti trtrirolr titi ,*i lti hti .9rni;ho I)ir irzir
ihrrrirl sLrr -sr:r1{_ir,r, iitr.ii. it: sriruj.,,r.:'r zi"igrizur.!1,: lar:i:lritiiot'tliu 1)h'oltl)o 1i lr kt ltr'niltiilj.r'rrrtrlol olllr trrri tiin
:rdirlr:rrl liilrrrrclr.il{)l'; liirrtlci, irrtr'-rrrlr:r.lir., ilfa ('1rlri
s-ir r)1.ti slirrs rltr r:iit'r'lr ori, rrlit;r vlt.rrtr: r'il rli,rr C)iti*
jtr{r' fttscst' r'rr lrilt\.'ir-ltt Alorrso Orrijirrro <'r:l i_iirrr , si
,'l1i '' .' rlr' r.irr,[ :i..i' JlL,'t nrrn],.1r: rlr, rlr,rr (")rrijotc rl,.
l.r .\[,irr,.'l L;r. :r,. rrt','i'Li,sir iotriirlrriil on1 c11 f ilri .iiirpri,:lLrilriiri'r;i r:ri l,u,riirli bilntlc,;i r'lc lict:ilr cla ilriirii:ii
f,t:rt'ttr trLl lnltnal r1c ci:i tliu crr.i-] . ci si ric ioii citi ii
crir,srirjAr.r. Inilir rtol.rrrr1, l.rc,l;ritI r.u r.cijaiti; ;i dLrlra
c{, rirrisi} iiir:cliutnl tc*iitnrettllllri, in cllLc clon enijoit,
isi intrcilirrirr. snflriLri h,ri I}rrirne;i{ru, (iitttl)1.cllni"l {:Li
ti;rilt lrcr.lr cuyillt('<trr.stinlsti r.i:-s rlc t.rr,lrrrirrtir, r'ilro.i
si rL jrrngii 1l irrrpirtr'illx lt(.,si(,nirii, sltisL':
-'- li.tc ijc ascr.rlclt:lL r.oilt 1Il{..,il cit SlnclLr, Ir;inzl,
1it i rlrir itr sririntella mca lni 1-ilin fl,crrt -scuiir,'1 , Si
nri fic lllLs la- r'i"tspilnrlcLc si sir nrr rlcr s,,runlii ilc uisi.r
ir.r :ii rr[1rrti, la cl .]- {iirrclcri intrc rrrii doi au {ost risir:
so,'oleli ;i irrtelegt,ri -* cj, dlLcii, tlir1:iL c,c -*-o l,liiti
dirrlr-in;ii c11 ccea cc-i c1;rtorr,--sc, m,1i prisoscqle cci,;r.
si"t-i rinriuir 5i ir;tia to{: lui., cii rirr clcci s[ mari fie cini.
stir citi, gi sir-i stiipirrirasc{ sain[tos, $i claci, ala dnpir
ctrtn atutrci cinrl eurlrr llebun \:oianl s.i*i clarr. cir:n:uirl':r u1111!. Ostrot., af mai putea ;si aculn, cinil sint in
t..itc r'liniilt, *"ir-i 11'u cir:nur't:cit 1u1.i irripf,rii,lii, alriri
i-rrs cla-o, fiinilcil c \rrednic dc asta cL1 virf si indesai ,
iitit pr'ilr cirlitia inimii liri, cit .si pr:in crcdinta ci,
ini-l', aritat-o! f i inil;r-cinrln-sr: cirti-c S,ilc1in, ii zist,:
.

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{,,r l,i'itrrj, tlrrr*tr1 ilrtr11, {i1.: lrlilc'iiil 1'l' l:lit't' ti i-;'tri il;ri
,1,';r pirl-,'il iti irtir r.lc sliriuiil cil lli ttl;tri', iirt:iiititi ii'
,,r r;rzi li lu ln {jl"t:r.lt'lrl:t *ttc',i, 'i itl;titili: 111 a'11:r'iiittir
irri'a l,( lrtltii-r c:;r';tit'r'i
r ir s'iilr lr i{trt ,si ti-'r si'
'tttti lr{ili
r.rllrt:il-r,.,ril

I ri"IiilLli1sc Slitt,,'lL'" trt,*iltr.itt-;sc' Ntr. rrrrtt'i, sti'ipoval.a mt;r ;i tnlri tilrit'sil ittcir ltrii
ilscutriit
ci
1,ii,r',
irrrrl{i, IiirrLlci celr ti:l-rii ll}!rrr: n{::})ttu;*'J rlt: ci!.fc lr{;tt(r
:; {, [;rL:i-i Lln otir in r''ii'rtil 3ui clLc sii s': lltsc sii rlr*rarri
;r,,;r tl ill sr:nin,. firrir ri fi.c trt:i.s clc iiitlir:rr i si fiirii sit-i
( rl lrre \'rir.t-it Iil*r o altar niiit'.1 ti'-cit itcii-ril. ii rlltiriitriiii'
llrri, liri tiitri {i aiir lenr:t *tj, 'st:olila-'t.c otllttii, r:lin i:;,trrt
:r.,,1;r'.'i itr,.ii'i{rrl}i ia cirr,i:'iill-ri'lit;t1i itr 1,it:'lo;'i, liticltirir
I rttrir i,tlir lJ'r 'l:t
rr, .rtrl i1;.1'11.;; l.)L,:rir' {ii lil tllii.ir
-il,'z;ir'g:rlii
cli:'t'r'llj i, si
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llit1ii.lii,.
rl.,iilL
r,i
:r1,^.ii, ilrrcri r-r s-i't l:f"zi, it:ri;1 o:iiL iic'c'li.,-1, lititl cit iii tc
r;irirl,lrtir:'sl-i. Si,-1;rcit flttuti rtlttlt':i d': irtiutir 1-er cil it-ili
r",'r,rili. lllr'irii.:rrtttlcr-l vit!;t lrc Ifiittc, rsJrliiird c-ili {'r:ri
ri,:irl{'it tttttttrri liirr.clt:ll l-rtrlt strittr,i r'11 }1r(r:il itt rlringi
lr,r ltr.u.:'i itnnlc; si Ltstl t'tr rrtit. trtlti tttttiL cll eit il, bLiis'
i'-lri tiztt lrriu'cllrfilu trrt i:ltr.,t'.ii t.l;rr ltlt:rcriti ril.: Liil,iirl-Ll.it:i-i;il': cti-i rrn lttlt ir ';l-tiitttiil )i si: tlr:br-;ltLi: C:'llliL.rli i riiiii r-,r, :rlili. si cri ,.rt,i,.rc-i lrilLiil ;t-it:,'tzi j:r:;rl'r
li l;iririi.r,,r- ltiiire .
. .\1lL c, zi,,i,.: Sltti-.'.itt, ;ri l:titlirl lilLtlllrii i:lliirzli ir:ric
i. liril tiit sLr |()ii.Ia lLi,li t'ir cllp ili tir-:3ll:r. lt",,i't.
-- l-rrt1i-o tilti r-:;t l,ltir't,t-trl, titittir;i.l:;1, si-)lisi'tllrirt)rrij,it,", liil,li:ri.it t'irii,itti 'l{.' llrlli ;itl ttit iriiri,li f ili
rlc , i,ii,'i; l,itt I Ilil ;ttti i'i1. itill irr-:l tli,;tr ()i,li.ili'r rlc l:i
.\l:Lilt:ltlr; il{l{liriil silit 1\l{llls() p'rijrrno c":i {'iLlrt' 1:ir'
('ir l'f()ci-tirrtrr ci crt!t'tlrl titt'lt clt'sr:l rii sli n-rii, j;tcri irrt'i'isi
Yrr.'tillit: itt oi lrii rlorrtlriil,rl"-r'r-rlr,;trt',;tirl {'{1i1l t't-;ltrt rtiiii
iti;ririflr;'ri:tlttitt, tlotttltttlr: ttrr1.:tr, t'li*i tlrltttrrii t:tlli
(li,).liit!. Lc, I)c li.)tfl){-'ll('li , lll"t lO:ill"r llYt't''')lt l}lcil ltlisr''itgrir-.: ;i iiirt]'ti;t'iltar:t r'{l jl cilttlt tt:i Iil t lc'l ilt iilri ;l Q*i j"i r r,
c;ni:-i rtici llt .fri{.i. scuiirtrl nr;ii intii din gt'r'''ltil itcestci trr.ci'i L'lLnii tl'i'lrrrinr:ir:,si L)clili'11 ii{li-lcrrrcil Ja inilcplinilc iL lillor nri;;itiiir.i ptl c;irc lt 1a-*; si cr:lL rlii;tii
,:lor"irttii cit{l yr{-'tr1t sii-rni iic imlrli rlitiL t'i'rc siL sc 1;1ri\'rri

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1."lsrl', sirrrlrri;i ])(:. c:ir-(' (l (liiioresc i'1t,:ilirc'st,i. iltr']rl

irt,;i ,it, i-il, I t i1t(trr1i'it.l -'ii irrli slt'r.jl;iscj si slr i Sr,: ttilii
ri.'ri- irr. 'l,..rsnirr,.r iricli rlrrr.iiiz:.t,ci r,lc gtr ll.ir,:lr.i
lrrtnttli tirl

iirr,l ,i' *,,-'ri,.', li l,rs si,t l,iJ-ri.ir grijii rLclucci:r:ir lu it;.rit.plinilr a trr:fltii'llntrrltii Ic 1r;--Lriiiir.li: si 1;t_. tl,,nuiril
]-r rL:ai:irlrrr;Li Sr,m:tlrr ( rrll'rrscci. cirrc sint r ici ,-llr friri.
-\iai irni {r.ric (lc rISCtt1{:,i}t]a voi.rr ct1, c1:rcii -\rr1.ir11i;, (r'r;!;t.it;r, ti.r'irllil;l nt{la, ii f \'r'f"il sii st: tnJrr-itt, ;i1,ji :.i :.,.
lnrir:iic nrrur;ii c:ltr llil lx'rrhat deslire crr iit ilii:i iltii
s-rt irrr:i.ercli:rtat ci rlLt )tic cc sini: i.l.cti(.iir i:iu.ti cn i:iirr-i.i crrrral,.rr.,*ti; si ililcti *sc r irrli.;te ci i:,.1-t-. ;i.irc dc t,iL',
;.i ncltrlritl-L-ritrlt tr.,t ir-1r i lrr:;r rir"t ge nliiritr,, si ,tj'ii;rr :,
iii nriritir (:lt. rr.lr sJ 1ti;rrrlir.;ttnnci. tot r:c i-lnr irl.::;ri.
ttlrtstLrLrirr', il\'{'t'(t l)(' ,. 1 lr' t','i t't,j-iti trlrtr: tr,:ttllt}t('l'il11l
]a iutl,tplittit'i: p,rl- s-,r irrrlt;1tli ;ririii6i irr nri.lr;si.ltrii.
(tirlll \:or ,3*iLsi. c.i nrlti irr,it cti. r;liJc. J)c :rsr.nrt,nr',:, i j
I.;,

lt]:ri. rog clin srr{ir:t ltr:r ilLtr.sti tlornr.ri cc si: tingrijr:;r tLr
t.rstlt llrrttc.l mr:tr crii C;ii,:i lrco inLiirlillt e urii.r,-t.r;;rsri.

1t]-li'IS]C(]rii,lr.e-ilCiljc|ci]0\'.r:siilcrrilr.1.,.'l)l.l1f'llt{'
o i-{trlri{_: rliliinii:.tii. i:c-rrici, prrr-tinrl
nurlitlc dc I dortn fnrte diu, isfritilc ltti Dot: QL:iii,l:
tit |a, J.[rt,rrr/t'r,.:ir-1 f()ag(] cit sc porltr: rlr: stiiiii ii_lr tl ilt
T-iitf lcit r)1i';r. si-1. nti icrir', liirr,l,:ii, firr ir sl"," r'r-L.rrr_r, i-lirr
n1;rt priltjtil sii, -st:l'irr rrtit rlr.l l'uulic:ii ri tit rli: ni:-ili rrr'ltLrnil citc a sr:ris, cii:i ilol i:rL cr'i,:-,'irrl iricirlrri.. c:'r
s]l1r1c c-a a.L;I1.rr.it

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j ntt lrr'll
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.t'l lriLtirr r',, .o,r"rir,'n-'i"ptl' i-tit i 1 i ;'i i-' li].'it.iltt]' -,1i

til'lil-:' 111ilbil, fu '.isil1ll'i-'ii{:)il g:ilfr-ir'lri rll'sfiLtJrlr)'il'{: ' i'l:

:r'-t-:-i i'ttiri itr :r1 li:c
{irrj-ri
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1i llrr;lilr i{(
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nl'il*i!l"lt'
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lillt'odic, i.tt:,fiiuiilt. ;rijit( j-()rti(:ii. It (.;!\:lil; ilrrr- l.itl;jt il,,i i.
\rcsrnintcl* .""-- c,-riI si ;ririlrrr.X -.- sirtt ntq''LiiJc s.r.ll rt:r,..i\.r
t:,lbor!tc 1n thiir :!rl; jr,:iiL: ri;n 1',11, litlirl irrr,-ii: :jc ill)j.t 1i.it.!1{.:;,.,:;
ir.tcrt;rilc c:rf rj illl -{.itil :li'!jt.}r:iit irtr:li, cllLr l,-ir. i nr.t q11 1,1r;i i,1i,i...
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nriltol,l.l .ll,rcin:rni.c vl'r-ic n11 lrrrlii"iflitt'. ScLrl ir,t. ii t.'stt, rlrr .rir;itr ignorrnL, ilr I)Lrlcirrca riin 'l'r;llrtj(), rlc;tjnl-rr \.isilrii(ii-,

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trasr slrar-lrt
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lr., i r it ri l.t

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sii, te neciijcasci ;i pe tine, Saucho, l';-ispunse elorl
ingr:iji si .1iLtt
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il

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r'rrit' ;r. l:, 1,.1. ;,ii vit.t.j ,1.
J-,t..,J..
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rrite, si r ljzrr r.;l lr.;r
,[],,rr
,tri:',;lr rrl .rrl,.i':1'..,,.
rI
tiri,rrr.:,,
.llrt,.rtr.irrilf,-.,,
i.,i ;risl cr-:., i:lr.;-i tii,-i,r iri,'!,rilli,,.1.1,i.J|)r.si:.
rlqiia l::i,",,,i,1
'.il{ \ r tta;tn :i -.r' inl',.trl},1, -i. si-*i lit.l..,,;rr,,. iii,i, y.ij,,
irr. r'ij.Lrr.rrl ;rr:.ltri. r.irrri_rii iririrrs,,,' iiirilcii in'
fi,:i el."
,.'trrr,s,lirr zi si-'ficr.t,clil-r;i'ti'reir
ii c,r;r 1i.lir,;r,i,, ,,'iir_
r r'li tl.sprt, lliitiiiii, r'r.ij.i
, ;rr c,trtrrri, tir:ig,rslir i .i jri:.,_
l'tj

Luiz Vaz de Cam6es (Portret, pictat probabil de Fernando

Gonaes

in

1570).

iii
!

.r,
jrt$(

il
Universitatea, intemeiatd in secolul XV la Alcal6 din Henares

Universitatea din Salamanca, intemeiatA in secolul Xlll. Aici

studiat, printre alti invilati ai Renagterii, Luis de Ledn.

I uis Vives

I il{)1.'{{-{.:

r,','iri Li tlucl, rtsa cul.l1 p(x'r'sl('sc cli,1-1i1* dc clvalcr it', irrt' tot ce spunc:r, giucit'a ;i fitc,'a cra pornit in-

'rl)r'c rscmcnea hicruri, Dar noru] dc praf Ps cirrc-1

rrizr.lsc il stirneau doui turme nrari dc c'i si dc bcr-'

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra.

(Portrel de Juan de Jiuregui,

1600. Academia

din

Madrid).

lr,rt:i, cale vencatl pe acclrfi cillrnr rlitr rioni piirti

)l)lrsc, ii care, dc-etita 1lt'itfiiric, nu ('i-ittl clc r.iznt
rl,'r:it ajutrse Xa doi^pa;i.; i.ar,clon {Jnijotc o tinea inIl'1lnl, cu aliia dirzcnie, cI erau ar'Il;Ltr-, incit lui
Srrrrclio mai ciL-i veld -si ct-i:lic1I ii zisc:
-- Sti11:in.e, 1:iii noi, iu intprcjur-arc:t li-sta, cl-ii\-c.nl

Ii

t
t

EL INCENIOST

Hl DALGO D ON () vt! no1. xorE DE LA Mnrcrin,' ^

ffitr|o
2or pligucl dc C'?ril4nrc,
Saa*t/rt.
.

DIRTCT.DO AL DVQ-!'E DE BIrAR]

lrlerquer dc CiLrrlcon, Conde <I- B:mtcrrrr . ?Rrirl

rcr, Vrzcondc dc h PucHr de Alcozcr, SenJr dc
le1 vrltrr dc Crpilh, Curicl ,y
Bu rgu

rllor.

lr'

liLctrt?

- llc? rirsirunse rlon Otrijoic. Sir-i s|r ijininr ;i

i njuiiLrn pc cci slabi. cule arl rnai nruiti rl{,\ioic.
Si rrili, Sanclto, cI, arn:ria lrsta cai'e vini: drep,t spre
sir

rroi r) r'orrandi .si cirlirizcsic tnirrcle irnpirlat ,\iifanl'rrront, stiipin rLl rnlrrii irtsuic lr:rpt.rl;rtnr2; i;rr- astirl;rlti., t,'rtt'c vinc rlitt sPrrtclc ll('u., (: r)lrstr':r vlLjuayulrri sirt, r't'gllr' g'illirlttillllilor', l)r.'ttlrrpolir, ct'l cu mirr,'r';r strJl,'c;rti, tt.ttutit. ;rsrr 1rt'tttt'lr cil :rr' rrz.r illr' in liii1:llii iot(lr)iuu);r ctt lrt'rrltrl illr'pt gol.
- I)llr 1tc'tLt r-rr c0 s(l ir u rrsa dc r.rlrr irrtii-r ci ar:csti
rioi. rlorntritrtri.l inlri:Jrir SlLrrclr.o.
- - Sc arr riiu, r'lispurse rlon Quijr;tc, pcntlu cli
rrr'rrs1 .\lifu11f1i1oli e rrir pirgin fniios, c.lro s-.1 ind:-.igosiii tlt: tiica lui licntll;oiin. una riin celc nllri fr-nnr()itsr si nrrri lrlirrc clc rrru-i. <lomnite, ijin ziulr 11c rrzi,
si pclllrr cir- r'rr t: crr'stirri, si tlriiLl sirtr nlr vr(.il s-,r tlca
rlripr"r rrrr lt'g-,'pirgitr tllrcr'L:rcr,s1:r nlt so It'rrliLtliL nrai
irrtii rlr. lr'g-i'lr lrloli'trrlrri sirr tttirrcirros, llrrlronrt'rl , si
tttt :rc irtt<llrrcr: t i"tl r-t' ,lt't':rlrtrr r'r't'rlirrii.
" - lt,,lrrrr'llrt tttt';r ,llrci .ittt frict, lriru'tt'irittt' l)Lrtt:tlrolirr, z.is,.S;rrrllr,r, .,i jrrl r' :rrn si l ;rjrri t il rii litrtr:lil
- l,':r.r'ittrl lrs;r, Irl llrli ,lr','ii r'r,r'lr ( (, ('s1 i rl;rlrrt-,
Srrttr:lLr.,, r-i.slrtuts'' rlorr ()rriiolr', r'ici, t rr siL it'i pru'tc
r -\unrc rrisc,rr: it, tttrlr'ls
!(ri]('r'(,r rlu t:irtrc slrairioli urlrl

Don Quijote, {oaia de titlu

editiei originale (Madrid,

rlin l'rccr t'nttrl ,,\li, ri:ri: tn

iiof ll clit',rr nrnrL) illr-i clrtostt'rtu, si ,,i';:i111'",'r.,tt", liiuili-rr-os c;l si ('il j':r.culillttlrlo, Itcnlrtl;oI irr si -\lrrli'ntlt'itrrt, rtrtttic t-itljroltt, itrr.t:rrlule clc Ccr-r'irtttes
llr ttlr'r lt;rzrrl llris',,lrrlui.
I'['r-tr.1robarra, ln(]tir1 ( zri ll('nt ru'l'ltploirarn, nlilr('lc llrtic
lti instrlci ('c\'li)n.

1605).

. coN PRt.VtI"&.Ct(),
E7{,(r/l D R I D, Por lu:rdchQLreftr.
v..;.r.."..r. :. r,,.Iio J; i;;,. ..- ;J. .. t., .'
",
p

- Litc|atula umartisnrirlui Si rorailo|ii !ol" itl

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