Studiul legilor radiaiei termice de echilibru folosind un model al

corpului negru
Scopul lucrrii:
Studiul legilor radiaiei termice de echilibru folosind un model al corpului negru.
Orice corp a crui temperatur este superioar lui 0 K emite radiaie termic. Un
corp negru este corpul care absoarbe toat energia care cade asupra lui.
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4

U (mV)

0.3
0.2
0.1
0

10000000000 20000000000 30000000000

-0.1

T^4 (C^4)

Legea StefanBoltzmann:

T(

U
(mV)

100

-0.014

121

-0.004

142

160

0.01

177

0.021

193

0.03

209

0.042

223

0.053

236

0.074

249

0.083

261

0.099

271

0.114

282

0.133

293

0.154

303

0.175

311

0.202

320

0.224

329

0.252

336

0.278

344
351

0.303
0.34

358

0.363

364

0.394

371

0.427

377

0.462

383

0.502

388

0.539

394

0.574

T4

4
1000000
00
2143588
81
4065868
96
6553600
00
9815062
41
1.387E+
09
1.908E+
09
2.473E+
09
3.102E+
09
3.844E+
09
4.64E+0
9
5.394E+
09
6.324E+
09
7.37E+0
9
8.429E+
09
9.355E+
09
1.049E+
10
1.172E+
10
1.275E+
10
1.4E+10
1.518E+
10
1.643E+
10
1.756E+
10
1.895E+
10
2.02E+1
0
2.152E+
10
2.266E+
10
2.41E+1
0

T(

U
(mV)

T^4
(C^4)

302

0.72

297

0.709

291

0.699

286

0.685

281

0.672

277

0.66

272

0.652

269

0.64

265

0.629

261

0.618

257

0.607

253

0.598

250

0.585

246

0.575

243

0.564

239

0.554

236

0.542

233

0.532

230

0.522

228

0.512

226

0.505

223

0.493

220

0.481

217

0.475

215

0.466

212

0.459

210

2
0.447

207

0.44

8318169
616
7780827
681
7170871
761
6690585
616
6234839
521
5887339
441
5473632
256
5236114
321
4931550
625
4640470
641
4362470
401
4097152
081
3906250
000
3662186
256
3486784
401
3262808
641
3102044
416
2947295
521
2798410
000
2702336
256
2608757
776
2472973
441
2342560
000
2217373
921
2136750
625
2019963
136
1944810
000
1836036
801

Fig. 1. Dependena
tensiunii n funcie de
temperatura la puterea a
4a (proporional cu
radiana)

Tabel 1. Tensiunea n
funcie de creterea
temperaturii

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5

U (mV)

0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

5000000000

10000000000

T^4 (C^4)

Fig. 2. Dependena tensiunii n funcie de temperatura la

puterea a 4a (proporional cu radiana)

Tabel 2. Tensiunea n funcie de scderea temperaturii

Cubul lui Leslie:

Material
Mat

T(C)
85
82

U(V)
0.225
0.22
4

T^4(K^4)
1.65E+10
1.59E+10

Lucios

Alb

Negru

79
76
73
70
67
65

0.2
0.185
0.18
0.16
0.145
0.135

1.54E+10
1.49E+10
1.44E+10
1.39E+10
1.34E+10
1.31E+10

85
82
79
76
73
70
67
65

0.125
0.185
0.17
0.16
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.07

1.65E+10
1.59E+10
1.54E+10
1.49E+10
1.44E+10
1.39E+10
1.34E+10
1.31E+10

85
82
79
76
73
70
67
65

0.77
0.74
0.585
0.55
0.485
0.52
0.525
0.195

1.65E+10
1.59E+10
1.54E+10
1.49E+10
1.44E+10
1.39E+10
1.34E+10
1.31E+10

85
82
79
76
73
70
67
65
Tabel 3. Valorile datelor

1.29
1.135
1.005
0.89
0.81
0.89
0.715
0.435
Cubul Leslie

1.65E+10
1.59E+10
1.54E+10
1.49E+10
1.44E+10
1.39E+10
1.34E+10
1.31E+10

1.4
1.2
1
0.8

U(V)

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
12000000000

14000000000

16000000000

T^4(C^4)
Mat

Lucios

Alb

Negru

Fig. 3. Dependena temperaturii la puterea a 4a n funcie de tensiune

Observam ca indiferent de culoarea alba sau neagra radiatia termica se propaga
aproximativ identic. Culoarea este influentata de radiatia electromagnetica
reflectata, insa in termodinamica culoarile nu exista.