MINISTERUL

EDUCAIEI AL
REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
AGENIA
DE EVALUARE I
EXAMINARE

Numele:
Prenumele:
Instituia de nvmnt:

GEOGRAFIE
TEST SPRE EXERSARE PENTRU SESIUNEA 2011
LICEU
Profilul real
Timp alocat 180 de minute

Rechizite i materiale permise: pix de culoare albastr, rigl, creion, atlase colare la
Geografia continentelor i oceanelor i la Geografia
uman a lumii.

Instruciuni pentru candidat:

- Citii cu atenie subiectele din test.
- Construii rspunsul independent.
- Indicai hrile aplicate, unde se cere.
- Nu facei nici un fel de corectri pe test.

i dorim mult succes!

SUBIECTUL I (24 puncte)

Harta se refer la subiectul I. Pe hart sunt marcate cu litere (de la A la E) regiuni cu un
anumit tip de mediu.

Nr
1

Item

Scor

Comparai caracteristicile tipului de mediu marcat pe hart cu litera C cu tipul de mediu

marcat cu litera A, evideniind:
a. Valorile de temperatur a lunii celei mai calde i a lunii celei mai reci
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b. Masele de aer dominante n cursul anului
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c. Cantitatea medie anual de precipitaii
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d. Mersul anual al precipitaiilor
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L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Caracterizai tipul de mediu marcat, pe hart, cu litera B indicnd:

a. zona natural caracteristic pentru acest mediu
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b. dou exemple de specii de plante
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c. dou adaptri specifice ale vegetaiei
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d. un exemplu de tip de sol caracteristic pentru acest tip de mediu
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e. 2 exemple ce specific impactul antropic negativ n acest mediu
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f. dou regiuni de pe Glob unde se mai ntlnete acest tip de mediu
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0
1
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7
8
9
10

L
0
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10

Explicai:
a) Cauza principal ce determin cantitatea medie anual de precipitaii redus n
anotimpul de iarn, n mediul marcat pe hart cu litera B.
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b) Cauza principal ce determin predominarea vegetaiei cu un sistem radicular
slab dezvoltat, n mediul marcat pe hart cu litera E.
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c) Cauza principal ce determin vegetaia bogat n mediul marcat pe hart cu
litera C.
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SUBIECTUL II (10 puncte)

Utilizai hrile corespunztoare din atlasul colar pentru realizarea sarcinilor de mai jos:
Nr.
Item
1
Determinai caracteristicile munilor Anzi, indicnd:
a. vrsta munilor
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b. direcia general de desfurare a munilor
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c. coordonatele geografice ale vrfului Aconcagua
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L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

L
0
1
2
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4
5
6

Scor
L
L
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4

Calculai temperatura aerului saturat la altitudinea vrfului Aconcagua, dac la

altitudinea de 200 m de la nivelul mrii, n locul i n momentul dat, ntr-un aer saturat,
temperatura este de + 20C. Indicai gradientul termic vertical aplicat. Efectuai toate
calculele pe foaia de test.
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L
0
1
2
3
4

L
0
1
2
3
4

Calculai ntinderea continentului America de Sud, de la nord la sud, n grade i

kilometri, pe meridianul de 70 long. vest. Aplicai reeaua de grade.
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L
0
1
2

L
0
1
2

SUBIECTUL III (16 puncte)

Clasificai elementele/obiectele geografice realiznd sarcinile de mai jos:
Nr.
Item
1
Clasificai produsele finite, enumerate mai jos, n trei grupe, conform factorului de
localizare a ntreprinderilor industriale ce le produc. Scrie factorii de localizare a
ntreprinderilor industriale i produsele finite corespunztoare lor.
microscoape, ngrminte fosfatice, aparate de fotografiat, utilaje
agricole, sod calcinat, utilaje industriale
Factorul de localizare: Factorul de localizare:

Factorul de localizare:

1.

1.

1.

2.

2.

2.

n coloana A snt indicate tipuri de sol, iar n coloana B unele caracteristici ale
lor. Scriei pe liniile din coloana A cifrele din coloana B, corespunztoare fiecrui
tip de sol (cifrele pot fi scrise doar o singur dat, iar una dintre opiuni este n
plus).
Coloana A
Coloana B
1. Snt caracteristice pentru zona de step, avnd
un coninut mare de humus.
_____ soluri podzolice
2. Se formeaz sub pdurile de foioase, n
condiii de clim temperat-maritim.
_____ soluri de tundr
3. Se formeaz sub pdurile de conifere, n
_____ soluri roii lateritice condiii de clim rece i umed.
4. Se formeaz sub pduri ecuatoriale venic
_____ cernoziom
verzi.
5. Se formeaz n condiii de clim rece cu
nghe peren.
Clasificai tipurile i formele de relief n funcie de genez, completnd casetele
libere din schema de mai jos. Scriei tipul i exemple de forme de relief, n
corespundere cu cerina din schem.

T
I
P
U
R
I
D
E
R
E
L
I
E

Avena

Relief fluvial

barcane

L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Scor
L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

L
0
1
2
3
4

L
0
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4

L
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6

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6

SUBIECT IV (11 puncte)

Analiznd hrile tematice din atlasul colar deducei/explicai relaiile cauzale dintre componentele
mediului geografic n realizarea urmtoarelor sarcini:
Nr.
Item
Scor
L
1
Deducei factorii principali de amplasare a industriei siderurgice n urmtoarele
L
0
centre ale Ucrainei, structurnd rspunsul n tabel:
0
1
1
2
2
Centru al industriei siderurgice
Factor de amplasare
3
3
Krivoi Rog
Donek
Mariupol
L
L
2
Analiznd Harta economic a Chinei:
0
a. Deducei o deosebire n specializarea agriculturii n Regiunea de Vest i de 0
1
1
Est a Chinei.
2
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3
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4
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b. Explicai o cauz ce determin aceast deosebire_____________________
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3.

Analiznd Harta densitii populaiei Australiei i Marii Britanii deducei:

a. n ce regiune, a fiecrui stat, este concentrat cea mai mare parte a
populaiei.
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b. Explicai cte dou cauze, pentru fiecare stat,ce determin densitatea mare a
populaiei n regiunile menionate mai sus.
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L
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10

SUBIECT V (12 puncte)

Evaluai producerea unor procese i fenomene geografice, n realizarea urmtoarelor sarcini:
Nr.
Item
Scor
1
L
L
Explicai dou cauze ce contribuie la poluarea mediului acvatic i dou
0
0
consecine ale acestei poluri pentru natur.
1
1
Cauze:
2
2
3
3
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4
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5
5
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6
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7
7
b)_________________________________________________________________
8
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Consecine:
a)_________________________________________________________________
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b)_________________________________________________________________
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2

Explicai dou cauze ce determin predominarea persoanelor adulte, n structura

pe vrste a populaiei, n statele nalt dezvoltate.
a)_________________________________________________________________
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b)_________________________________________________________________
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SUBIECTUL VI (10 puncte)

Elaborarea eseului structurat, conform algoritmului:
Nr.
Item
1
Elaborai un text coerent i corect din punct de vedere geografic n caracterizarea
Japoniei, urmrind:
1. Importana aezrii geografice pentru economia Japoniei;
2. Dou dezavantaje ale poziiei economico geografice a Japoniei;
3. Problemele demografice actuale reieind din:
- deficitul natural - 0,1 %
- Sperana de via la natere, brbai 79 ani, femei 85 ani.
4. Specificul agriculturii Japoniei reieind din condiiile naturale
5. Rolul comerului extern n Relaiile economice externe ale Japoniei.
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L
0
1
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4

L
0
1
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4

Scor
L
L
0
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
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8
8
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10 10

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Total 83 puncte