UPB Facultatea TRANSPORTURI

Amplificator audio
cu 3 tranzistoare
UDREA BOGDAN MARIAN
Grupa : 8314

PROIECTARE ASISTATA DE
CALCULATOR

CUPRINS:
Schema electrica..3
Descriere
4
Descrierea componentelor5
Diodele
1N4148.5
Tranzistorul BD135.
.6
Tranzistorul
2N2905A...7
Tranzistorul
2N3904.8
Rezistoarele R1,
R29
Condensatoarele
C1,C2.9

Cablaj..1
0
2

Fisierul .CIR..
11
Fisierul .OUT...
16
Grafice.
29
Simulare in MultiSim.33

Schema electrica :

Descriere

Amplificatorul prezentat se bazeaza pe trei tranzistoare (doua

NPN si unul PNP). Acesta poate reda o putere de 100mW unui
difuzor de maxim 25 ohmi.Diodele D1 si D2 asigura o tensiune de
polarizare constanta pentru tranzistoarele Q1 si Q2.Tranzistorul
Q1 are rol de preamplificator.Tranzistorii Q2 si Q3 conduc curentul
in difuzor.Tipul tranzistoarelor nu este crucial in realizarea acestui
circuit, astfel pentru Q1 si Q3 se poate folosi orice tranzistor de
tip NPN, iar pentru Q2 orice tranzistor de tip PNP.Curentul minim
in colector nu trebuie sa fie mai mic de 100mA.Circuitul
functioneaza bine si cu un difuzor de 8 ohmi, dar volumul va fi
mai mic.
Amplificatorul poate fi folosit ca unul pentru casti. Acesta se
situeaza intre clasele A si B ale amplificatoarelor comerciale.

Descrierea componentelor
5

Diodele 1N4148 :

Sunt diode de mare viteza fabricate in tehnologie planara si

inchise ermetic in sticla SOD27.
Caracteristici:
Viteza mare de schimb : max. 4 ns
Tensiune reversibila continua : max 100 V
Tensiune repetitiva de varf: max 100 V
Curent repetitiv de varf : max 450 mA
Diodele D1 si D2 (1N4148) asigura o tensiune de polarizare
constanta pentru tranzistoarele Q1 (BD135) si Q2 (2N2905A).

Tranzistorul Q1 BD135

BD135 este un tranzistor de tip NPN asezat in carcasa de plastic

SOT-32.Acesta este destinat pentru utilizarea in producerea de
amplificatoare audio si circuite complementare.
6

Caracteristici:
Tensiunea colector-baza : 45 V
Tensiunea colector-emitor : 45 V
Tensiunea emitor-baza : 5 V
Curentul de scurtatura in colector: max 0.1 uA
Curentul de scurtatura in emitor: max 10 uA
Tensiunea de saturatie colector-emitor: mx 0.5 V
Tranzistorul Q1 (BD135) are rol de preamplificator pentru circuitul
prezentat.

Tranzistorul Q2 2N2905A
2N2905A este un tranzistor PNP din silicon in carcasa de metal
Jedec TO-39.Este destinat pentru comutare la viteza foarte mare
si uz general.
7

Caracteristici:
Tensiunea colector-baza: - 60 V
Tensiunea colector-emitor: -60 V
Tensiunea emitor-baza: -5 V
Curentul in colector: -0.6 A
Curentul de scurtatura in colector: max -10 uA
Curentul de scurtatura in baza : -50 nA
Tensiunea de cadere colector-baza/colector-emitor: min -60
V
Alaturi de Q3 (2N3904) are rolul de a conduce curentul in
circuit.

 Tranzistorul Q3- 2N3904

2N3904 este un tranzistor de tip NPN avand ca scop general
folosirea in amplificatoare dar si comutarea.Gama dinamica poate
fi extinsa pana la 100mA ca si comutator si 100MHz ca si
amplificator.
Caracteristici:
Tensiunea in colector-emitor: 40 V
Tensiunea in colector-baza: 60 V
Tensiunea emitor-baza: 6 V
Tensiunea de cadere colector-emitor: 40 V
Tensiunea de cadere colector-baza: 60 V
Curentul de scurtatura in baza/colector : min 50nA
Alaturi de Q2 (2N2905A) are rolul de a conduce curentul in circuit.

Rezistorul R1 (100kOhm)

Functia rezistorului R1 este de a capta jumatate din tensiunea de

alimentare la legatura intre Q1 si emitorul Q2. R1 este rezistenta
de interferenta pentru Q3 si stabilizatorul de tensiune la emitorii
lui Q1 si Q2.

Rezistorul R2 (1 kOhm)

Functia rezistorului R2 este aceea de a capta o parte din

tensiunea care merge spre tranzistorul Q1.

Condensatoarele C1(47 uF ) si C2(470 uF)

Pentru ca circuitul sa functioneze acestea trebuie incarcate initial

cu cel putin 15V.

10

Cablajul imprimat

11

Fisierul .CIR
** amplificator audio cu 3 tranzistoare **
* NI Multisim to SPICE Netlist Export
* Generated by: Bogdan
* Sun, Dec 02, 2012 20:44:09
*## Multisim Component D2 ##*
dD2 5 1 D1N4148__DIODE__1

*## Multisim Component D1 ##*

dD1 6 5 D1N4148__DIODE__1

*## Multisim Component V2 ##*

vV2 4 0 ac 20mv 0
*+

distof1 0 0
12

*+
+

distof2 0 0
sin(0 20mv 1000 )

*## Multisim Component Q1 ##*

qQ1 8 6 10 QBD135__BJT_NPN__1

*## Multisim Component R3 ##*

rR3 8 3 8
*.model vresR3 r( )

*## Multisim Component V1 ##*

vV1 8 0 dc 9
*+

distof1 0 0

*+

distof2 0 0

*## Multisim Component C2 ##*

cC2 3 10 0.00047

*## Multisim Component R2 ##*

rR2 3 6 1000
*.model vresR2 r( )

*## Multisim Component C1 ##*

13

cC1 2 4 4.7e-005

*## Multisim Component R1 ##*

rR1 10 2 100000
*.model vresR1 r( )

*## Multisim Component Q3 ##*

qQ3 1 2 0 Q2N3904__BJT_NPN__1
*## Multisim Component Q2 ##*
qQ2 0 1 10 Q2N2905A__BJT_PNP__1
.MODEL D1N4148__DIODE__1 D(Is=0.1p Rs=1.6 CJO=2p Tt=12n
Bv=100 Ibv=0.1p)
.MODEL QBD135__BJT_NPN__1 NPN(
+ IS = 4.815E-14
+ NF = 0.9897
+ ISE = 1.389E-14
+ NE = 1.6
+ BF = 124.2
+ IKF = 1.6
+ VAF = 222
+ NR = 0.9895
+ ISC = 1.295E-13
+ NC = 1.183
14

+ BR = 13.26
+ IKR = 0.29
+ VAR = 81.4
+ RB = 0.5
+ IRB = 1E-06
+ RBM = 0.5
+ RE = 0.165
+ RC = 0.096
+ XTB = 0
+ EG = 1.11
+ XTI = 3
+ CJE = 1.243E-10
+ VJE = 0.7313
+ MJE = 0.3476
+ TF = 6.478E-10
+ XTF = 29
+ VTF = 2.648
+ ITF = 3.35
+ PTF = 0
+ CJC = 3.04E-11
+ VJC = 0.5642
+ MJC = 0.4371
+ TR = 1E-32
15

+ CJS = 0
+ VJS = 0.75
+ MJS = 0.333
+ FC = 0.9359 )
.MODEL Q2N3904__BJT_NPN__1 NPN(Is=6.734f Xti=3 Eg=1.11
Vaf=74.03 Bf=416.4 Ne=1.259
+
Ise=6.734f Ikf=66.78m Xtb=1.5 Br=.7371 Nc=2 Isc=0
Ikr=0 Rc=1
+
Cjc=3.638p Mjc=.3085 Vjc=.75 Fc=.5 Cje=4.493p
Mje=.2593 Vje=.75
+

Tr=239.5n Tf=301.2p Itf=.4 Vtf=4 Xtf=2 Rb=10)

.MODEL Q2N2905A__BJT_PNP__1 pnp

+IS=2.16812e-14 BF=731.358 NF=0.994204 VAF=10
+IKF=0.215906 ISE=1.62895e-14 NE=1.22488 BR=0.1
+NR=1.08444 VAR=1.26678 IKR=0.10075 ISC=1.62895e-14
+NC=1.88495 RB=19.1116 IRB=0.1 RBM=0.1
+RE=0.217003 RC=1.08502 XTB=1.43136 XTI=1
+EG=1.206 CJE=2.81158e-11 VJE=0.672107 MJE=0.365634
+TF=5.18555e-10 XTF=1.5 VTF=0.999999 ITF=1
+CJC=1.98207e-11 VJC=0.4 MJC=0.393384 XCJC=0.8
+FC=0.676284 CJS=0 VJS=0.75 MJS=0.5
+TR=1.20243e-06 PTF=0 KF=0 AF=1
.ac dec 10 1 100meg
16

.tran 1us 10ms

.probe
.end

Fisierul .OUT
**** 12/19/12 17:47:10 *********** Evaluation PSpice (Nov 1999)
**************
** amplificator audio cu 3 tranzistoare **
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
******************************************************************
*
*
* NI Multisim to SPICE Netlist Export
* Generated by: Bogdan
* Sun, Dec 02, 2012 20:44:09
*
*## Multisim Component D2 ##*
dD2 5 1 D1N4148__DIODE__1
*## Multisim Component D1 ##*
dD1 6 5 D1N4148__DIODE__1
*## Multisim Component V2 ##*
vV2 4 0 ac 20mv 0
*+

distof1 0 0
17

*+
+

distof2 0 0
sin(0 20mv 1000 )

*## Multisim Component Q1 ##*

qQ1 8 6 10 QBD135__BJT_NPN__1

*## Multisim Component R3 ##*

rR3 8 3 8
*.model vresR3 r( )
*## Multisim Component V1 ##*
vV1 8 0 dc 9
*+

distof1 0 0

*+

distof2 0 0

*## Multisim Component C2 ##*

cC2 3 10 0.00047
*## Multisim Component R2 ##*
rR2 3 6 1000
*.model vresR2 r( )
*## Multisim Component C1 ##*
cC1 2 4 4.7e-005
*## Multisim Component R1 ##*
rR1 10 2 100000
*.model vresR1 r( )
*## Multisim Component Q3 ##*
18

qQ3 1 2 0 Q2N3904__BJT_NPN__1

*## Multisim Component Q2 ##*

qQ2 0 1 10 Q2N2905A__BJT_PNP__1
.MODEL D1N4148__DIODE__1 D(Is=0.1p Rs=1.6 CJO=2p Tt=12n
Bv=100 Ibv=0.1p)
.MODEL QBD135__BJT_NPN__1 NPN(
+ IS = 4.815E-14
+ NF = 0.9897
+ ISE = 1.389E-14
+ NE = 1.6
+ BF = 124.2
+ IKF = 1.6
+ VAF = 222
+ NR = 0.9895
+ ISC = 1.295E-13
+ NC = 1.183
+ BR = 13.26
+ IKR = 0.29
+ VAR = 81.4
+ RB = 0.5
+ IRB = 1E-06
19

+ RBM = 0.5
+ RE = 0.165
+ RC = 0.096
+ XTB = 0
+ EG = 1.11
+ XTI = 3
+ CJE = 1.243E-10
+ VJE = 0.7313
+ MJE = 0.3476
+ TF = 6.478E-10
+ XTF = 29
+ VTF = 2.648
+ ITF = 3.35
+ PTF = 0
+ CJC = 3.04E-11
+ VJC = 0.5642
+ MJC = 0.4371
+ TR = 1E-32
+ CJS = 0
+ VJS = 0.75
+ MJS = 0.333
+ FC = 0.9359 )

20

.MODEL Q2N3904__BJT_NPN__1 NPN(Is=6.734f Xti=3 Eg=1.11

Vaf=74.03 Bf=416.4 Ne=1.259
+
Ise=6.734f Ikf=66.78m Xtb=1.5 Br=.7371 Nc=2 Isc=0
Ikr=0 Rc=1
+
Cjc=3.638p Mjc=.3085 Vjc=.75 Fc=.5 Cje=4.493p
Mje=.2593 Vje=.75
+

Tr=239.5n Tf=301.2p Itf=.4 Vtf=4 Xtf=2 Rb=10)

.MODEL Q2N2905A__BJT_PNP__1 pnp

+IS=2.16812e-14 BF=731.358 NF=0.994204 VAF=10
+IKF=0.215906 ISE=1.62895e-14 NE=1.22488 BR=0.1
+NR=1.08444 VAR=1.26678 IKR=0.10075 ISC=1.62895e-14
+NC=1.88495 RB=19.1116 IRB=0.1 RBM=0.1
+RE=0.217003 RC=1.08502 XTB=1.43136 XTI=1
+EG=1.206 CJE=2.81158e-11 VJE=0.672107 MJE=0.365634
+TF=5.18555e-10 XTF=1.5 VTF=0.999999 ITF=1
+CJC=1.98207e-11 VJC=0.4 MJC=0.393384 XCJC=0.8
+FC=0.676284 CJS=0 VJS=0.75 MJS=0.5
+TR=1.20243e-06 PTF=0 KF=0 AF=1
.ac dec 10 1 100meg
.tran 1us 10ms
.probe
.end

21

**** 12/19/12 17:47:10 *********** Evaluation PSpice (Nov 1999)

**************
** amplificator audio cu 3 tranzistoare **
Diode MODEL PARAMETERS
******************************************************************
*
D1N4148__DIODE__1
IS 100.000000E-15
BV 100
IBV 100.000000E-15
RS

1.6

TT 12.000000E-09
CJO

2.000000E-12

**** 12/19/12 17:47:10 *********** Evaluation PSpice (Nov 1999)

**************
** amplificator audio cu 3 tranzistoare **
BJT MODEL PARAMETERS
******************************************************************
*
QBD135__BJT_NPN__1
NPN
IS 48.150000E-15
BF 124.2
22

NF

.9897

VAF 222
IKF

1.6

ISE 13.890000E-15
NE

1.6

BR 13.26
NR

.9895

VAR 81.4
IKR

.29

ISC 129.500000E-15
NC

1.183

RB

.5

RBM
IRB

.5
1.000000E-06

RE

.165

RC

.096

CJE 124.300000E-12
VJE

.7313

MJE

.3476

CJC 30.400000E-12
VJC

.5642

MJC

.4371

MJS

.333
23

FC

.9359

TF 647.800000E-12
XTF 29
VTF
ITF

2.648
3.35

TR

CN

2.42

.87
Q2N3904__BJT_NPN__1
NPN

IS

6.734000E-15

BF 416.4
NF

VAF 74.03
IKF

.06678

ISE

6.734000E-15

NE

1.259

BR

.7371

NR

RB 10
RC
CJE
MJE

1
4.493000E-12
.2593
24

CJC

3.638000E-12

MJC

.3085

TF 301.200000E-12
XTF

VTF

ITF

.4

TR 239.500000E-09
XTB

1.5

CN

2.42

.87
Q2N2905A__BJT_PNP__1
PNP

IS 21.681200E-15
EG

1.206

BF 731.358
NF

.994204

VAF 10
IKF

.215906

ISE 16.289500E-15
NE

1.22488

BR

.1

NR

1.08444

VAR

1.26678
25

IKR

.10075

ISC 16.289500E-15
NC

1.88495

RB 19.1116
RBM
IRB

.1
.1

RE

.217003

RC

1.08502

CJE 28.115800E-12
VJE

.672107

MJE

.365634

CJC 19.820700E-12
VJC

.4

MJC

.393384

XCJC

.8

MJS

.5

FC

.676284

TF 518.555000E-12
XTF

1.5

VTF
ITF
TR
XTB

.999999
1
1.202430E-06
1.43136
26

XTI

CN

2.2

.52

**** 12/19/12 17:47:10 *********** Evaluation PSpice (Nov 1999)

** amplificator audio cu 3 tranzistoare **
****
SMALL SIGNAL BIAS SOLUTION
27.000 DEG C

TEMPERATURE =

******************************************************************
*
NODE VOLTAGE
NODE VOLTAGE

NODE VOLTAGE

1)

2.9851 (

2)

.7065 (

5)

3.6281 (

6)

4.2710 (

VOLTAGE SOURCE CURRENTS

NAME

CURRENT

27

3)

8)

NODE VOLTAGE

8.9625 (

4)

9.0000 ( 10)

0.0000

3.6433

vV2
vV1

0.000E+00
-6.832E-03

TOTAL POWER DISSIPATION 6.15E-02 WATTS

**** 12/19/12 17:47:10 *********** Evaluation PSpice (Nov 1999)

**************
** amplificator audio cu 3 tranzistoare **
****
INITIAL TRANSIENT SOLUTION
27.000 DEG C

TEMPERATURE =

******************************************************************
*

NODE VOLTAGE
NODE VOLTAGE

NODE VOLTAGE

1)

2.9851 (

2)

.7065 (

5)

3.6281 (

6)

4.2710 (

28

3)

8)

NODE VOLTAGE

8.9625 (

4)

9.0000 ( 10)

0.0000

3.6433

VOLTAGE SOURCE CURRENTS

NAME

vV2
vV1

CURRENT

0.000E+00
-6.832E-03

TOTAL POWER DISSIPATION 6.15E-02 WATTS

JOB CONCLUDED
TOTAL JOB TIME

.03

Grafice
Analiza in domeniul frecventa
29

Tensiunea pe nodul de intrare:

30

Tensiunea pe nodul de iesire:

Analiza in domeniul tranzitoriu

Tensiunea pe nodul de intrare:

31

Tensiunea pe nodul de iesire:

32

Simulare in MultiSim

33

34