0

20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720

px*10^5 [N/m2]
8000000.0

7000000.0

6000000.0

5000000.0

4000000.0

3000000.0

2000000.0

1000000.0

0.0

a [RAC]

a [*RAC]

720

690

660

630

600

570

540

510

480

450

420

390

360

330

300

270

240

210

180

150

120

90

60

30

vp [m/s]
25

20

15

10

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

8000000

7000000

6000000

4000000

3000000

2000000

1000000

V [l]

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

p [N/m^2]

5000000

a [RAC]

720

690

660

630

600

570

540

510

480

450

420

390

360

330

300

270

240

210

180

150

120

90

60

30

a [m/s]
20000

17500

15000

12500

10000

7500

5000

2500

-2500

-5000

-7500

-10000

-12500

cex

Caracteristica externa
400.000

70

350.000

60

250.000
40
200.000
30
150.000
20

100.000

10

50.000

n [rot/min]
ce [g/kWh]

Pe [kW]

Ce [kg/h]

Page 5

Me [Nm]

5800

5600

5400

5200

5000

4800

4600

4400

4200

4000

3800

3600

3400

3200

3000

2800

2600

2400

2200

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200

0.000

Pe [kW]; Ce [kg/h]

50

1000

Me [Nm]; ce [g/kWh]

300.000

Calculul termic al motorului cu aprindere prin scanteie

Puterea nominala
Pn=
Turatia nominal nn=
Numarul de cilindrii
i=
Parametrii initiali
T0=
p0=
Tr=
pr=
=
=

40 kW
5600 rot/min
4

293
1.02 10^5
1000
1.05 10^5
1
10

K
N/m2
K
N/m2

Parametrii procesului de schimbare a gazelor:

Se adopta:
pa=
0.9 10^5
N/m2
=
20
K
p=
1.1

temperatura initiala
presiunea initiala
temperatura gazelor reziduale
presiunea gazelor reziduale
coeficient de exces de aer
raportul de comprimare

presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei

preincalzire amestec
coeficient de postumplere

Se determina prin calcule

Coeficientul gazelor reziduale
r =

T0 + t
pr

Tr
Pa v p pr

0.037

337.599 K

Temperatura la sfarsitul admisiei

T
T

+ Tr T

1 + r

Coeficientul de umplere
v =

v
PA T0

p
P0 TA 1 1 + r

Parametrii procesului de comprimare

Se adopta:
n1=
1.34
Se determina

0.8

coeficient politropic de comprimare

Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii

pB = pa nl

19.690 10^5

Temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii:

TB = TA nl 1

738.585 K

N/m2

Parametrii procesului de ardere

Se adopta:
c=
0.85 kg
h=
0.14 kg
o=
0 kg
Qi=
43500 kJ/kg
Mc=
0.01 kcal/kg
=
0.9
=
4.16
z =
0.8

compozitia motorinei
puterea calorica inferioara
=1/114
coef de utilizare a caldurii
coef de crestere a presiunii

Aerul minim necesar arderii combustibilului este

l
C h O

0 . 21 12 4 32

L min=

0.507 kmol aer/kg comb

Cantitatea reala necesara arderii combustibilului

L = Lmin

0.507 kmol aer/kg comb

Cantitatea incarcaturii proaspete raportate la1 kg combustibil

M 1 = Lmin + M c =

0.52

Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete este

0 =

L+

h O
+
4 32 =
L

1.052

Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete

0 r

1 r

1.050

Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial

C

mv

=20 17 . 410

T B =

32.851 kJ/kmolK

Caldura specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pt lambda>1

C

mv

20

9 .2
13.8

15.5 104T c =

21.000

0.0029 Tz

29.300 10-4Tz

21.000
Caldura specifica degajata la ardere incompleta
Qai = Qi Qi = Qi 61000 (1 ) =

43500.000 kJ/kg

Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii

Q ai

L min M c 1r

30.770 10^-4 Tz2+

DELTA=
###

T c =C

mv

f T z

mv

22.053 Tz
Tz =

3087 K

97402.93 :=0

Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii

p z = pc f

Tz
=
Tc

8642540.843 N/m2

p z = z p z =

69.140 10^5

86.425 10^5

N/m2

N/m2

Gradul de crestere a presiunii

=

pz

pc

4.39

Parametrii procesului de destindere

Se adopta

n2 =

1.3

Presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii

pb =

pz
=
n
2

433153.114 N/m2 =

4.332 *10^5

N/m2

Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii

Tb =

Tz
=
n 1

1547.182 K

Parametrii principali ai motorului

r =

Se adopta:
coef de rotunjire a diagramei
randamentul mecanic

m =

0.94
0.8

Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic se obtine din

p
1
1
1

p1 = c
1 n2 1
1 n1 1 =
1 n2 1
n1 1

Presiunea medie indicata

pi = r p1 =

11.725 *10^5

Randamentul indicat al motorului

N/m2

12.473 *10^5

N/m2

i = RM

pe M i T0
=
p0 v Qe

etaI=

0.427

Presiunea medie efectiva

pe = m pl =

9.380 N/m2

Randamentul efectiv
e = m i =

0.342

Consumul specific efectiv de combustibil

ge =

3600
=
e Qi

0.242

kg/kWh

242.248 g/kWh

Dimensiunile fundamentale ale motorului

=

Se adopta:

S
=
D

Capacitatea cilindrica necesara

Vh =

120000 Pn
=
pe n l

0.228 litri

Se determina alezajul si cursa:

4 Vh
=

D =3

S = D =

0.663 dm
0.663 dm

Viteza medie a pistonului

Wm =

S n
=
30

12.368 m/s

Cilindreea totala
Vt = i Vh =

0.914 litri

Puterea litrica
Pl =

Pn
=
Vt

43.773 kW/l

Diagrama indicata
Volumul la sfarsitul admisiei
Va = Vh

=
1

0.254 dm3

Volumul la sfarsitul compresiei

Vc =

Va
=

66.257 mm
0.066 m
66.257 mm
0.066 m

Vc =

Va
=

px = pa

0.025
n1

Va
Vx

Vc
px = pz
V
x

n2

Se adopta:
=
unghi de avans la aprindere {20...40oRAC}
=
unghi de avans la DSE
b =
raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei
xs =

S
(1 + cos s ) + b (1 cos 2s ) =
2
4

pc = 1.2 pc
xev =

23.628 *10^5

S
(1 + cos ev ) b (1 cos 2ev ) =
2
4

1
pa = ( pa + pb ) =
2

2.616 *10^5

30 oRAC
60 oRAC
1/3,2

5.733 mm
N/m2
12.682 mm
N/m2

0.524 rad
1.047 rad
0.313

Caracteristica externa
Puterea efectiva

n
Pe ( ni ) = Pn 1 i
nn

n
n
+ 2 i + 3 i

nn
nn

Consumul specific

n
ce ( ni ) = ci 1.2 i

n
+ 0.8 i
nn
nn

Consumul orar
Ce ( ni ) =

1
ce ( ni ) Pe ( ni )
1000

Momentul motor
M e ( ni ) = 9.55 10 3

Constante c=
1 =

3 4c
=
2(1 c )

Pe ( ni )
ni

0.5
1

2 =

c
=
1 c

n [r/min]Pe [kW]ce [g/kWh] Ce [kg/h]

Me [Nm]
1000 8.191 164.383
1.346
59.067
1200 10.015 173.035
1.733
60.184
1400 11.875 181.686
2.158
61.169
1600 13.761 190.338
2.619
62.023
1800 15.661 198.990
3.116
62.746
2000 17.566 207.641
3.647
63.337
2200 19.462 216.293
4.210
63.797
2400 21.341 224.945
4.801
64.126
2600 23.191 233.597
5.417
64.323
2800 25.000 242.248
6.056
64.389
3000 26.758 250.900
6.714
64.323
3200 28.455 259.552
7.385
64.126
3400 30.078 268.204
8.067
63.797
3600 31.618 276.855
8.754
63.337

3 =

1
=
2(1 c )

-1

3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5800

33.063
34.402
35.625
36.720
37.677
38.484
39.131
39.606
39.900
40.000
39.896

285.507
294.159
302.811
311.462
320.114
328.766
337.417
346.069
354.721
363.373
372.024

9.440
10.120
10.788
11.437
12.061
12.652
13.203
13.707
14.153
14.535
14.842

62.746
62.023
61.169
60.184
59.067
57.818
56.439
54.928
53.285
51.511
49.606

Deplasarea pistonului
0.07

0.06

0.05

Xp [m]

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0
0

40

80

120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 600 640 680 720
alfa [grd]

0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720

Vx [litri]

Volumul cilindrului

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

alfa [grd]

35000.000

30000.000

25000.000

Fg [N]

20000.000

15000.000

10000.000

5000.000

0.000

-5000.000
0 30 60 90 120150180210240270300330360390420450480510540570600630660690720
alfa [grade]

7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
-1000

Fj [N]

-2000
-3000
-4000
-5000
-6000
-7000
-8000
-9000
-10000
-11000
-12000
-13000
0 30 60 90 120 150180210240 270300330360 390420450480510 540570600630660 690720
alfa [grade]

25

20

15

10

M [Nm]

-5

-10

-15

-20
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

a [*RAC]

400

440

480

520

560

600

640

680

720

25000

20000

15000

F [N]

10000

5000

-5000

-10000
0

30

60

90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720
a [*RAC]

35000

30000

25000

Fg; Fj; F [N]

20000

15000

10000

5000

-5000

-10000
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

a [*RAC]

390

420

450

480

510

540

570

600

630

660

690

720

2500

2000

1500

Fn; Fb [N]

1000

500

-500

-1000

-1500
0

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720
a [*RAC]
N [N]

Fb/10 [N]

2500

2000

Ft; Fm [N]

1500

1000

500

-500

-1000
0

30

60

90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720
a [*RAc]
Ft/10 [N]

Fm/10 [N]

25

20

15

10

M [Nm]

-5

-10

-15

-20
0

30

60

90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720
a [*RAc]

7000.000

6000.000

Rm, Rmmed [N]

5000.000

4000.000

3000.000

2000.000

1000.000

0.000
0

100

200

300

400
a [*RAC]

500

600

700

800

2500

2000

Fm [N]

1500

1000

500

0
-3500

-3000

-2500 -2000

-1500 -1000

-500

0
Ft [N]

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1250
1000
750
500

M [Nm]

250
0
-250
-500
-750
-1000
-1250
0

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720
a [*RAc]

20000

15000

10000

Fm' [N]

5000

-5000

-10000

-15000

-20000
-30000

-25000

-20000

-15000

-10000

-5000

0
Ft' [N]

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Rezultanta fortelor pe fusul palier

14000

12000

Rp; Rpmed [N]

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

400

a [*RAC]
Rp [N]

Rpmed [N]

440

480

520

560

600

640

680

720

6000
4000
2000
0

Ft'; Fm' [N]

-2000
-4000
-6000
-8000
-10000
-12000
-14000
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

400

a [*RAC]
Ft' [N]

Fm' [N]

440

480

520

560

600

640

680

720

Cinematica mecanismului biela-manivela

unghiul de rotatie
al manivelei
unghiul de inclinare
al axei bielei
viteza unghiulara de rotatie
a arborelui cotit
cursa pistonului
raza manivelei
lungimea bielei
raportul dintre raza manivelei
si lungimea bielei

S
R
L

n
=
30
S
R= =
2
R
= =
L

max =

586.43

rad/s

0.033

1/3,2
0.313
16

R
= 0.106

2
d
Ap =
= 0.003
4
L=

Deplasarea pistonului

m
m2

xs = R ( L cos ) + (1 cos ) = R (1 cos ) + (1 cos 2 )

Volumul cilindrului la un moment dat

Viteza pistonului

D 2
Sx
4

vx = R sin + sin 2
2

Unghiul de viteza maxima

v
Acceleratia pistonului

Vx =

max

1 2 1
1

= arccos
+
2 4
4

a x = R 2 ( cos + cos 2 )

Parametrii principali ai motorului

D=
S=
Ap=

0.0663 m
0.0663 m
0.0040 m2

n=

5600 rot/min

mb=
mp=
mAC=

0.64 kg
0.36 kg
0.68 kg

p0=
pa=
pr=
pz=
p'I=

mj=mp+mIb=
mIb=0,275mb=
m2b=0,725mb=

= arcsin ( sin )

102000 N/m2
90000 N/m2
105000 N/m2
8642540.84 N/m2
1247328.61 N/m2
160 kg/m2
90 kg/m2
170 kg/m2

lambda=
n1=
n2=

0.313
1.340
1.300

0.53600 kg/m2
0.17600 kg/m2
0.46400 kg/m2

Va=
Vc=
Vz=
Vt=

0.254
0.025
0.025
0.914

-unghiul dintre biela si verticala

Pg P0
Ap

Forta gazelor

Fg =

Forta de inertie

F j = m j R 2 ( cos + cos 2 + k sin )

Forta sumara

F = Fd + Fj

Forta normala la axa bielei

Forta care actioneaza dupa axa bielei

Fn = Ftg
Fb =

F
cos

Ft = Fb sin ( + )

Forta tangentiala la axa fusului maneton

Ft = Fb sin ( + )

Forta radiala la axa fusului maneton

Fm = Fb cos ( + )

Momentul motor al fortel N

M = Fn R

Alegerea ordinii de lucru

Alegem ordinea de lucru a motorului: 1-2-3-1.

Unghiul de decalaj intre coturi:

720
=
i

180 *RAC

Rezulta urmatoarea schema de lucru a motorului:

alfa
0

Cil
Admisie

Compresie

Destindere

Evacuare

180 Compresie

Destindere

Evacuare

Admisie

540 Evacuare

Admisie

Compresie

Destindere

360 Destindere

Evacuare

Admisie

Compresie

Perioada momentului total:

180
=
i

180

Valoarea medie a monentului total este:

M med

M 13
1

=
m

Rezulta puterea indicata a motorului:

M med n
Pi =
9.55 10 3
Fortele care actioneaza asupra fusului maneton si lagarul bielei.
Asupra fusului maneton actioneaza forta tangentiala
Ft , forta radiala Fm , si forta
centrifuga de inertieFrb a masei m2b a bielei aflata in miscare de rotatie.
Forta rezultanta este:

R m = F t + F m + F rb
Rm =

( Fm Frb ) 2 + Ft 2

unde:

Frb = m2b R 2

Fortele care actioneaza asupra fusului palier:

F + Fm 2 cos + Ft 2 sin
Fm = m1
2
F + Ft 2 cos Fm 2 sin
Ft = t1
2
unde =
180 unghiul de decalaj intre coturi.

Ft 2

2
T= 2
2
Fm1 Fm 2

2
Z= 2
2


*[RAC]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670

Xp
[m]
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.026
0.032
0.038
0.044
0.049
0.054
0.057
0.061
0.063
0.065
0.066
0.066
0.066
0.065
0.063
0.061
0.057
0.054
0.049
0.044
0.038
0.032
0.026
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.006
0.003
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.026
0.032
0.038
0.044
0.049
0.054
0.057
0.061
0.063
0.065
0.066
0.066
0.066
0.065
0.063
0.061
0.057
0.054
0.049
0.044
0.038
0.032
0.026
0.020
0.015

Vx
[l]
0.025
0.028
0.036
0.048
0.065
0.085
0.107
0.131
0.155
0.179
0.201
0.222
0.240
0.255
0.268
0.278
0.285
0.289
0.290
0.289
0.285
0.278
0.268
0.255
0.240
0.222
0.201
0.179
0.155
0.131
0.107
0.085
0.065
0.048
0.036
0.028
0.025
0.028
0.036
0.048
0.065
0.085
0.107
0.131
0.155
0.179
0.201
0.222
0.240
0.255
0.268
0.278
0.285
0.289
0.290
0.289
0.285
0.278
0.268
0.255
0.240
0.222
0.201
0.179
0.155
0.131
0.107
0.085

px
[N/m2]
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
75629.215
77120.343
79737.982
83698.137
89342.571
97190.388
108026.222
123051.457
144147.860
174347.434
218688.031
285787.688
390671.501
559197.922
831170.310
1242178.038
1724696.055
1968985.462
7600266.358
5527829.994
3743429.203
2548491.535
1799611.441
1328811.297
1024976.763
822701.259
684070.230
586719.659
517084.299
466687.111
430083.144
403697.276
385153.318
372880.849
365884.349
363611.268
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000

vx
[m/s]
0.000
3.893
7.620
11.028
13.983
16.377
18.139
19.232
19.652
19.428
18.613
17.280
15.510
13.388
10.993
8.399
5.669
2.854
0.000
-2.854
-5.669
-8.399
-10.993
-13.388
-15.510
-17.280
-18.613
-19.428
-19.652
-19.232
-18.139
-16.377
-13.983
-11.028
-7.620
-3.893
0.000
3.893
7.620
11.028
13.983
16.377
18.139
19.232
19.652
19.428
18.613
17.280
15.510
13.388
10.993
8.399
5.669
2.854
0.000
-2.854
-5.669
-8.399
-10.993
-13.388
-15.510
-17.280
-18.613
-19.428
-19.652
-19.232
-18.139
-16.377

ax
Fg
Fj
F
[m/s2]
[N]
[N]
[N]
-7832.689
-48.000 -8014.977 -8062.977
-7874.317
-48.000 -7807.117 -7855.117
-7978.562
-48.000 -7200.237 -7248.237
-8086.472
-48.000 -6242.677 -6290.677
-8109.304
-48.000 -5009.342 -5057.342
-7941.522
-48.000 -3593.901 -3641.901
-7476.657
-48.000 -2099.161 -2147.161
-6623.994
-48.000 -626.733 -674.733
-5323.974
-48.000
732.833
684.833
-3560.313
-48.000 1908.328 1860.328
-1367.226
-48.000 2853.650 2805.650
1169.278
-48.000 3550.461 3502.461
3916.344
-48.000 4007.488 3959.488
6705.039
-48.000 4256.656 4208.656
9345.788
-48.000 4346.587 4298.587
11646.786
-48.000 4334.349 4286.349
13433.278
-48.000 4276.509 4228.509
14565.516
-48.000 4220.634 4172.634
14953.315
-48.000 4198.321 4150.321
14565.516
-105.483 4220.634 4115.151
13433.278
-99.519 4276.509 4176.990
11646.786
-89.048 4334.349 4245.301
9345.788
-73.207 4346.587 4273.379
6705.039
-50.630 4256.656 4206.026
3916.344
-19.238 4007.488 3988.250
1169.278
24.105 3550.461 3574.566
-1367.226
84.206 2853.650 2937.856
-3560.313
168.591 1908.328 2076.919
-5323.974
289.390
732.833 1022.223
-6623.994
466.752 -626.733 -159.981
-7476.657
735.151 -2099.161 -1364.010
-7941.522 1154.686 -3593.901 -2439.215
-8109.304 1828.792 -5009.342 -3180.550
-8086.472 2916.681 -6242.677 -3325.996
-7978.562 4560.712 -7200.237 -2639.525
-7874.317 6490.784 -7807.117 -1316.333
-7832.689 7467.942 -8014.977 -547.035
-7874.317 29993.065 -7807.117 22185.949
-7978.562 21703.320 -7200.237 14503.083
-8086.472 14565.717 -6242.677 8323.040
-8109.304 9785.966 -5009.342 4776.624
-7941.522 6790.446 -3593.901 3196.545
-7476.657 4907.245 -2099.161 2808.085
-6623.994 3691.907 -626.733 3065.174
-5323.974 2882.805
732.833 3615.638
-3560.313 2328.281 1908.328 4236.609
-1367.226 1938.879 2853.650 4792.529
1169.278 1660.337 3550.461 5210.798
3916.344 1458.748 4007.488 5466.237
6705.039 1312.333 4256.656 5568.989
9345.788 1206.789 4346.587 5553.376
11646.786 1132.613 4334.349 5466.963
13433.278 1083.523 4276.509 5360.032
14565.516 1055.537 4220.634 5276.171
14953.315 1046.445 4198.321 5244.766
14565.516
12.000 4220.634 4232.634
13433.278
12.000 4276.509 4288.509
11646.786
12.000 4334.349 4346.349
9345.788
12.000 4346.587 4358.587
6705.039
12.000 4256.656 4268.656
3916.344
12.000 4007.488 4019.488
1169.278
12.000 3550.461 3562.461
-1367.226
12.000 2853.650 2865.650
-3560.313
12.000 1908.328 1920.328
-5323.974
12.000
732.833
744.833
-6623.994
12.000 -626.733 -614.733
-7476.657
12.000 -2099.161 -2087.161
-7941.522
12.000 -3593.901 -3581.901

680
690
700
710
720

0.010
0.006
0.003
0.001
0.000

0.065
0.048
0.036
0.028
0.025

105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
102000.000

-13.983
-11.028
-7.620
-3.893
0.000

-8109.304
-8086.472
-7978.562
-7874.317
-7832.689

12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
0.000

-5009.342
-6242.677
-7200.237
-7807.117
-8014.977

-4997.342
-6230.677
-7188.237
-7795.117
-8014.977

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

0.000
3.111
6.136
8.989
11.588
13.850
15.702
17.077
17.924
18.210
17.924
17.077
15.702
13.850
11.588
8.989
6.136
3.111
0.000

N
[N]
0.000
-426.887
-779.164
-995.141
-1037.011
-897.939
-603.618
-207.276
221.510
612.003
907.489
1075.948
1113.106
1037.677
881.428
678.070
454.552
226.762
0.000

190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420

-3.111
-6.136
-8.989
-11.588
-13.850
-15.702
-17.077
-17.924
-18.210
-17.924
-17.077
-15.702
-13.850
-11.588
-8.989
-6.136
-3.111
0.000
3.111
6.136
8.989
11.588
13.850
15.702

-223.638
-449.014
-671.577
-876.259
-1037.029
-1121.192
-1098.099
-950.251
-683.256
-330.639
49.146
383.456
601.408
652.174
526.149
283.741
71.536
0.000
1205.698
1559.039
1316.647
979.449
788.133
789.419

412.122
420.105
429.809
436.229
433.198
414.285
373.943
308.771
218.642
107.437
-16.736
-141.688
-251.226
-324.673
-336.736
-265.473
-131.827
-54.703
2221.869
1458.664
842.654
487.601
329.227
291.694

-49.435
-100.668
-154.105
-207.562
-255.541
-289.333
-298.342
-272.821
-207.692
-106.411
16.714
137.299
225.512
254.401
211.866
116.940
29.903
0.000
503.993
642.536
530.177
382.066
295.530
282.658

409.147
407.866
401.233
383.685
349.799
296.511
225.445
144.597
68.326
14.811
0.853
34.992
110.719
201.723
261.732
238.330
128.391
54.703
2163.953
1309.522
654.964
302.953
145.095
72.039

-1.638
-3.335
-5.105
-6.876
-8.466
-9.585
-9.884
-9.038
-6.881
-3.525
0.554
4.549
7.471
8.428
7.019
3.874
0.991
0.000
16.697
21.286
17.564
12.657
9.791
9.364

494.348
1006.680
1541.048
2075.622
2555.414
2893.330
2983.421
2728.214
2076.919
1064.108
167.142
1372.995
2255.124
2544.012
2118.657
1169.400
299.028
0.000
5039.931
6425.364
5301.769
3820.656
2955.298
2826.582

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680

17.077
17.924
18.210
17.924
17.077
15.702
13.850
11.588
8.989
6.136
3.111
0.000
-3.111
-6.136
-8.989
-11.588
-13.850
-15.702
-17.077
-17.924
-18.210
-17.924
-17.077
-15.702
-13.850
-11.588

941.615
1169.480
1393.742
1550.146
1600.745
1536.689
1373.078
1138.723
864.835
576.188
286.734
0.000
-230.023
-461.002
-687.562
-893.731
-1052.471
-1129.974
-1094.380
-926.896
-631.741
-240.917
188.845
586.750
883.146
1024.708

320.654
380.007
445.997
503.699
545.113
567.813
573.576
566.892
553.495
539.091
528.396
524.477
423.888
431.322
440.040
444.927
439.649
417.530
372.677
301.182
202.157
78.283
-64.309
-216.807
-368.917
-510.132

320.237
376.379
423.661
445.054
434.906
396.556
338.350
269.733
198.451
129.180
63.382
0.000
-50.846
-103.356
-157.773
-211.701
-259.347
-291.599
-297.332
-266.116
-192.033
-77.535
64.225
210.091
331.157
399.720

16.352
52.386
139.374
235.881
328.641
406.393
463.152
498.609
516.695
523.385
524.581
524.477
420.827
418.755
410.783
391.335
355.008
298.833
224.681
141.043
63.174
10.792
3.280
53.544
162.587
316.952

10.609
12.469
14.035
14.744
14.408
13.137
11.209
8.936
6.574
4.280
2.100
0.000
-1.684
-3.424
-5.227
-7.013
-8.592
-9.660
-9.850
-8.816
-6.362
-2.569
2.128
6.960
10.971
13.242

3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
508.461
1033.556
1577.728
2117.008
2593.465
2915.992
2973.318
2661.161
1920.328
775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

[]

[]

Fb/10
[N]
-806.298
-786.671
-729.000
-636.890
-516.257
-375.096
-223.039
-70.585
71.977
195.841
294.876
366.400
411.297
433.469
438.803
433.965
425.287
417.879
415.032

Ft/10
[N]
0.000
-178.443
-321.122
-400.716
-404.519
-336.704
-216.130
-70.493
71.289
186.033
260.544
292.324
287.246
255.701
208.787
155.595
101.910
50.125
0.000

Fm/10
[N]
806.298
766.165
654.462
495.032
320.757
165.311
55.083
3.600
9.922
61.200
138.090
220.897
294.372
350.018
385.948
405.112
412.896
414.862
415.032

M/10
[Nm]
0.000
-5.912
-10.638
-13.275
-13.401
-11.155
-7.160
-2.335
2.362
6.163
8.632
9.684
9.516
8.471
6.917
5.155
3.376
1.661
0.000

Rm
[N]
0.000
1784.429
3211.218
4007.156
4045.193
3367.042
2161.305
704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096
501.253
0.000

Rmmed
[N]
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

690
700
710
720

-8.989
-6.136
-3.111
0.000

985.649
772.714
423.627
0.000

-630.816
-722.965
-780.662
-801.498

396.894
318.464
177.080
0.000

490.310
649.045
760.313
801.498

13.149
10.550
5.866
0.000

3968.936
3184.636
1770.799
0.000

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910


0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690

M1
0
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188
38.741
9.906
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486

M2
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486
105.503
58.664
0.000
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188

M3
0
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188
38.741
9.906
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486

M4
Mrez12
0.000
0.000
166.967
107.851
212.864
106.481
175.641
42.889
126.574
-7.439
97.905
-13.641
93.641
22.040
106.091
82.737
124.689
148.307
140.353
201.984
147.441
233.756
144.079
240.922
131.374
226.535
112.091
196.801
89.359
158.527
65.744
117.291
42.796
76.557
20.998
37.604
0.000
0.000
-16.845
-33.222
-34.240
-67.590
-52.268 -103.321
-70.134 -138.897
-85.918 -170.576
-96.603 -192.456
-98.502 -197.339
-88.161 -178.543
-63.618 -132.424
-25.686
-60.939
21.277
26.814
69.600
115.086
109.708
184.418
132.422
216.702
131.486
201.674
105.503
144.244
58.664
68.571
0.000
0.000
-59.116
107.851
-106.384
106.481
-132.752
42.889
-134.012
-7.439
-111.546
-13.641
-71.601
22.040
-23.354
82.737
23.617
148.307
61.630
201.984
86.315
233.756
96.843
240.922
95.161
226.535
84.711
196.801
69.168
158.527
51.547
117.291
33.761
76.557
16.606
37.604
0.000
0.000
-16.377
-33.222
-33.350
-67.590
-51.053 -103.321
-68.763 -138.897
-84.658 -170.576
-95.852 -192.456
-98.837 -197.339
-90.382 -178.543
-68.806 -132.424
-35.253
-60.939
5.537
26.814
45.486
115.086
74.709
184.418
84.280
216.702
70.188
201.674

Mrez23
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674

Mrez34
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674

Mreztot
0.000
323.552
319.442
128.667
-22.316
-40.922
66.119
248.211
444.920
605.951
701.267
722.767
679.605
590.404
475.582
351.873
229.671
112.811
0.000
-99.665
-202.771
-309.963
-416.690
-511.728
-577.367
-592.018
-535.629
-397.271
-182.817
80.442
345.258
553.253
650.106
605.023
432.731
205.712
0.000
323.552
319.442
128.667
-22.316
-40.922
66.119
248.211
444.920
605.951
701.267
722.767
679.605
590.404
475.582
351.873
229.671
112.811
0.000
-99.665
-202.771
-309.963
-416.690
-511.728
-577.367
-592.018
-535.629
-397.271
-182.817
80.442
345.258
553.253
650.106
605.023

700
710
720

105.503
58.664
0.000

38.741
9.906
0.000

105.503
58.664
0.000

38.741
9.906
0.000

144.244
68.571
0.000

144.244
68.571
0.000

144.244
68.571
0.000

432.731
205.712
0.000

Forte ce solicita fusul palier 1-2

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160

Ft
[N]
0.000
-1784.429
-3211.218
-4007.156
-4045.193
-3367.042
-2161.305
-704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096

170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400

501.253
4148.619 501.253
0.000
4150.321
0.000
-494.348
4091.467 494.348
-1006.680
4078.659 1006.680
-1541.048
4012.327 1541.048
-2075.622
3836.847 2075.622
-2555.414
3497.992 2555.414
-2893.330
2965.106 2893.330
-2983.421
2254.449 2983.421
-2728.214
1445.968 2728.214
-2076.919
683.256 2076.919
-1064.108
148.108 1064.108
167.142
8.535 167.142
1372.995
349.923 1372.995
2255.124
1107.192 2255.124
2544.012
2017.234 2544.012
2118.657
2617.322 2118.657
1169.400
2383.297 1169.400
299.028
1283.912 299.028
0.000
547.035
0.000
5039.931 21639.527 5039.931
6425.364 13095.217 6425.364
5301.769
6549.641 5301.769
3820.656
3029.528 3820.656

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

501.253
0.000
-494.348
-1006.680
-1541.048
-2075.622
-2555.414
-2893.330
-2983.421
-2728.214
-2076.919
-1064.108
167.142
1372.995
2255.124
2544.012
2118.657
1169.400
299.028
0.000
5039.931
6425.364
5301.769
3820.656

4148.619
4150.321
4091.467
4078.659
4012.327
3836.847
3497.992
2965.106
2254.449
1445.968
683.256
148.108
8.535
349.923
1107.192
2017.234
2617.322
2383.297
1283.912
547.035
21639.527
13095.217
6549.641
3029.528

1770.799
0.000
0.000
-1784.429
-3211.218
-4007.156
-4045.193
-3367.042
-2161.305
-704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096
501.253
0.000
-494.348
-1006.680
-1541.048

7603.129
8014.977
8062.977
7661.652
6544.625
4950.316
3207.571
1653.107
550.832
35.996
99.224
612.003
1380.898
2208.973
2943.722
3500.179
3859.479
4051.123
4128.965
4148.619
4150.321
4091.467
4078.659
4012.327

1136.026 -5875.874 5984.685

0.000 -6082.649 6082.649
-247.174 -6077.222 6082.246
-1395.554 -5870.155 6033.763
-2376.133 -5278.476 5788.637
-3041.389 -4393.581 5343.557
-3300.303 -3352.781 4704.588
-3130.186 -2309.106 3889.735
-2572.363 -1402.640 2929.923
-1716.574 -740.982 1869.674
-682.013 -391.240 786.264
398.110 -380.056 550.394
1386.292 -694.717 1550.625
2148.118 -1279.448 2500.279
2563.794 -2025.457 3267.341
2550.512 -2758.706 3757.070
2103.261 -3238.401 3861.469
1362.674 -3217.210 3493.897
659.062 -2706.439 2785.529
250.626 -2347.827 2361.166
2519.965 -12894.924 13138.847
2965.508 -8593.342 9090.642
2147.545 -5314.150 5731.678
1139.804 -3520.928 3700.822

410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660

2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
-508.461
-1033.556
-1577.728
-2117.008
-2593.465
-2915.992
-2973.318
-2661.161
-1920.328
-775.352
642.249
2100.909

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
-508.461
-1033.556
-1577.728
-2117.008
-2593.465
-2915.992
-2973.318
-2661.161
-1920.328
-775.352
642.249
2100.909

1450.954
720.385
163.523
523.864
1393.742
2358.810
3286.407
4063.930
4631.516
4986.090
5166.946
5233.851
5245.805
5244.766
4208.274
4187.552
4107.830
3913.350
3550.078
2988.330
2246.814
1410.430
631.741
107.918
32.795
535.440

-2075.622
-2555.414
-2893.330
-2983.421
-2728.214
-2076.919
-1064.108
167.142
1372.995
2255.124
2544.012
2118.657
1169.400
299.028
0.000
5039.931
6425.364
5301.769
3820.656
2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061

3836.847
3497.992
2965.106
2254.449
1445.968
683.256
148.108
8.535
349.923
1107.192
2017.234
2617.322
2383.297
1283.912
547.035
21639.527
13095.217
6549.641
3029.528
1450.954
720.385
163.523
523.864
1393.742
2358.810
3286.407

439.838 -2643.901 2680.237

135.584 -2109.188 2113.542
154.521 -1564.314 1571.927
390.183 -1389.156 1442.913
754.197 -1419.855 1607.732
1186.810 -1521.033 1929.264
1642.477 -1717.257 2376.279
2066.349 -2036.232 2901.041
2378.245 -2490.719 3443.796
2476.227 -3046.641 3926.031
2264.262 -3592.090 4246.174
1705.228 -3925.586 4279.957
901.610 -3814.551 3919.655
149.514 -3264.339 3267.762
-254.230 -2377.654 2391.207
2003.187 -12913.540 13067.986
2423.818 -8601.524 8936.504
1592.381 -5231.495 5468.475
613.596 -3289.803 3346.536
19.653 -2219.642 2219.729
-73.368 -1483.600 1485.413
270.606 -786.976 832.201
921.729 -577.803 1087.861
1730.628 -750.830 1886.483
2546.394 -1195.803 2813.195
3224.985 -1910.923 3748.621

[]

Fm
[N]
8062.977
7661.652
6544.625
4950.316
3207.571
1653.107
550.832
35.996
99.224
612.003
1380.898
2208.973
2943.722
3500.179
3859.479
4051.123
4128.965

1450.954
720.385
163.523
523.864
1393.742
2358.810
3286.407
4063.930
4631.516
4986.090
5166.946
5233.851
5245.805
5244.766
4208.274
4187.552
4107.830
3913.350
3550.078
2988.330
2246.814
1410.430
631.741
107.918
32.795
535.440

Rm
Rmmed
[N]
[N]
0.000 2269.910
1784.429 2269.910
3211.218 2269.910
4007.156 2269.910
4045.193 2269.910
3367.042 2269.910
2161.305 2269.910
704.934 2269.910
712.894 2269.910
1860.328 2269.910
2605.442 2269.910
2923.241 2269.910
2872.464 2269.910
2557.011 2269.910
2087.866 2269.910
1555.948 2269.910
1019.096 2269.910

2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
508.461
1033.556
1577.728
2117.008
2593.465
2915.992
2973.318
2661.161
1920.328
775.352
642.249
2100.909

Ft1
[N]
0.000
-1784.429
-3211.218
-4007.156
-4045.193
-3367.042
-2161.305
-704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096

Fm1
[N]
8062.977
7661.652
6544.625
4950.316
3207.571
1653.107
550.832
35.996
99.224
612.003
1380.898
2208.973
2943.722
3500.179
3859.479
4051.123
4128.965

Ft2
[N]
0.000
-508.461
-1033.556
-1577.728
-2117.008
-2593.465
-2915.992
-2973.318
-2661.161
-1920.328
-775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201
3968.936
3184.636

Fm2
[N]
5244.766
4208.274
4187.552
4107.830
3913.350
3550.078
2988.330
2246.814
1410.430
631.741
107.918
32.795
535.440
1625.872
3169.517
4903.100
6490.449

Ft'
[N]
0.000
-1146.445
-2122.387
-2792.442
-3081.101
-2980.254
-2538.648
-1839.126
-974.133
-30.000
915.045
1782.745
2486.687
2934.291
3042.533
2762.442
2101.866

Fm'
[N]
-6653.871
-5934.963
-5366.089
-4529.073
-3560.461
-2601.593
-1769.581
-1141.405
-754.827
-621.872
-744.408
-1120.884
-1739.581
-2563.026
-3514.498
-4477.111
-5309.707

Rp
[N]
6653.871
6044.677
5770.566
5320.736
4708.510
3956.033
3094.536
2164.530
1232.355
622.595
1179.598
2105.839
3034.758
3896.045
4648.517
5260.762
5710.589

670
680
690
700
710
720

3311.570
3997.201
3968.936
3184.636
1770.799
0.000

1625.872
3169.517
4903.100
6490.449
7603.129
8014.977

3311.570
3997.201
3968.936
3184.636
1770.799
0.000

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

3311.570
3997.201
3968.936
3184.636
1770.799
0.000

1625.872
3169.517
4903.100
6490.449
7603.129
8014.977

3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819

4063.930
4631.516
4986.090
5166.946
5233.851
5245.805

3638.563
3690.348
3333.133
2584.574
1531.299
316.910

-2844.901
-3900.516
-4944.595
-5828.698
-6418.490
-6630.391

4618.723
5369.609
5963.119
6376.028
6598.628
6637.960

Rpmed
[N]
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049

4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049