I1.

PIRAMIDA PATRULATERA REGULATA PROBLEME REZOLVATE

1. O piramida patrulatera regulataVABCD are, apotema VM=6cm si diagonala bazei
AC=62cm. Se cere: a) Aria laterala, aria totala, volumul; b) Distanta de la centrul bazei la o
fata laterala si distanta de la centrul bazei la o muchie laterala; c) Unghiul dintre fata laterala si
planul bazei; d) Sinusul unghiului dintre muchia laterala si planul bazei; e) Fie un punct P pe
muchia VB. Determinati lungimea segmentului BP astfel incit perimetrul APC sa fie minim.
V V V
V

6 35
33 E 33 F
P

D P C O 3 M O 32 B A M'

c a
B

O M
Pbap Abh
a) Al= ; At= Al + Ab ; V=
2 3 a ti
A B
AB 6
e m
AC=l2 l2 = 62 l=6 AB=6cm ; OM= = OM=3cm
2 2
a t
In VOM,O=90 VO2 = VM2 OM2 = 36 9 = 27 VO=33cm
/ m
r
InVOB,O=90 VB2 = VO2 + OB2 = 27 + 18 = 45 VB=35cm

. o
466
f u 3633

2
r o
Al= =72cm2 ; Ab=l2=62=36cm2 ; At=72+36=108cm2 ; V= =363cm3.
3

p
b) (VOM)^(VBC) VM = latura comuna d(O;(VBC)) = d(O;VM) = OE (OE^VM)

e
VOOM

:/ /333 33
In VOM,O=90 OE= = OE= cm

tt pVM 6 2

h VOOB 3332 330

OF^VB d(O,VB)=OF. In VOB,O=90 OF== OF=cm.
VB35 5

c)(VBC)(ABCD)=BC
VM^BCVM(VBC) ((VBC)(ABCD))= (VMOM)= (VMO)
OM^BCOM(ABCD)
VM
In VOM,O=90, OM= m(OVM) = 30 m(VMO)=60.
2
d) OB este proiectia lui VB pe planul ABCD (VB;(ABCD)) = (VB;OB) = (VBO)

VO 33 15
In VBO,O=90 sin(VBO) = = sin(VBO) =
VB 35 5

e) APCesteisoscelcuAP=PC.Perimetrulesteminimcind AP minim AP^VB

VM'AB 66 125
In VAB APVB=VM'AB AP===cm
VB35 5

1445180 65
2 2 2
InAPB,P=90 PB =AB AP =36= PB=cm.

c a
ti
2525 5

2)FieopiramidapatrulateraregulatadevirfVsibazaABCD.TriunghiulVACesteechilateral
dearie183cm2. Secere:a)AriatotalasivolumulpiramideiVABCD b)DistantadelaBla a
m
planul (VDC) c) Sinusul unghiului dintre muchia VB si planul (VDC) d) sinusul unghiului

e
dintreplanele(VAD)si(VBC).

V
a t
VV

/ m
. r o 36373662

P
f u
Q

r o O 3
V
MO 32 A

e p
DC V

:/ /
NOM

tt p
AB NOMQB

h VA23 VA23
2
4183
a) AriaVAC= =183 VA = VA=62cm siAC=62cm
4 4 3

AC=AB2 AB2=62 AB=6cm OM=3cm

VA3 623
InVABechilateral,VOinaltime VO== VO=36cm
22
InVOM,O=90 VM2=VO2+OM2=54+9=63 VM=37cm. Ariabazei=AB2 =36cm2

Pbap 4637
Arialaterala===367cm2 Ariatotala=Ab+Al=(36+367)=36(1+7)cm2
2 2

Abh 3636
Volumul===366cm3.
3 3

b)ConstruiescBP^VCsiDP^VC,darBPsiDP (BPD) VC ^ (BPD)

ConstuiescBQ ^ DP,darBQ (BPD)siVC ^ (BPD) VC ^ BQ BQ ^ VC
DinBQ ^ DPsiBQ ^ VC BQ ^ (VDC) d(B(VDC))=BQ.
c a
Pentruacalculamaiusordistantascriemvolumul piramideiVBDCin2moduri:
AriaBDCVO
BQAriaVDC=VOAriaBDC BQ= ati
AriaVDC

e m
AriaABCD
t
VMBC376

a
AriaBDC==18cm2 AriaVDC=AriaVBC===97cm2
2

/ m
22

1836 642
BQ= BQ=cm

. r o
u
97 7

o f
p r
c)BQ^(VDC)siV(VDC) proiectialuiVBpe(VDC)esteVQ (VB(VDQ))=(VBVQ)=BVQ

: // e
QB642 1 21
InVQB, Q=90 sin(BVQ)== sin(BVQ)=

t t p VB762 7

h
d)VM ^ BCVN ^ ADBCAD ((VBC)(VAD))= (VMVN)= (MVN)

VONM366642
InVNM NN'VM=VONM NN'===cm
VM37 7

NN'642 1 26
InVN'N, N'=90 sin(N'VN)== sin(N'VN)=
VN737 7
3.PiramidapatrulateraregulataSABCDaretoatemuchiilecongruentesiarialaterala363cm2.
Secere:
a)Ariatotalasivolumulpiramidei.
b)PozitiaunuipunctMpemuchiaVCastfelincataria DMDBsafieminima.
c)DacaMestelamijloculmuchieiVCcalculatiunghiuldintreplanele(MDB)si(CDB)
d)Sinusulunghiuluidintreplanele(SBC)si(SAC).
e)Sinusulunghiuluidintredouafeelateralealaturate
REZOLVARE
SSS

33 32632
M

c a
DCN 3 O
M
A
a ti
32 O

NO
33
e m E 33

AB a t 3

D 32O32 B

a)Deoarecemuchiilepiamideisuntcongruente feelelateralesunt D echilaterale

/ m
l23

. r o
Arialaterala=4=l23 l23=363 l2 =36 l=6cm AB=6cmSA=6cm
4

f u
r o
AB6AC62
Apotemabazei=ON===3cmAC=l2=62cmAO===32cm
22

e p 22

In DSOAdr. SO =SA AO SO =62(32)2 =3618=18 SO= 18 SO=32cm

2 2 2 2

:/ /
In DSONdr. SN =SO +NO2 SN2 =(32)2 +32 =18+9=27 SN= 27 SN=33cm
2 2

tt p
Ariabazei=l2 Ariabazei=36cm2

h
Ariatotala=Arialaterala+Ariabazei=363+36=36(3+1)cm2

Ariabazeiinaltimea 3632
Volumul===362cm3
3 3
BDMO
b) DMBDesteisoscel MOesteinaltimeatriunghiului.Aria DMBD=
2
DeoareceBDesteconstanta ariaesteminimadacainaltimeaMOesteminima
MOesteminimadacaMO ^ SC
Deoarece D SOCestedreptunghicisoscel inlatimeaMOestesimedianain D SOC
MestelamijloculmuchieiSC

c) ((MDB)(CDB))
(MBD)(CDB)=BD
MO ^ BDMO (MBD) ((MBD)(CDB))= (MOCO)= (MOC)
CO ^ BDCO (CDB)
In DMOCdr.inMcum(MCO)=45 m (MOC)=45 m ((MBD)(CDB))=45

d)sin ((SBC)(SAC))
(SBC)(SAC)=SC
BM ^ SCBM (SBC) ((SBC)(SAC))= (BMOM)= (BMO)
OM ^ SCOM (SAC)

c a
ti
OB l363
In DMOBdr.inO sin (BMO)= OB=OA=32cm MB===33cm

a
MB22

3226 6
sin (BMO)=== sin (BMO)=
e m
33 33

e)sin ((SDC)(SBC))
3

a t
(SDC)(SBC)=SC
/ m
DM ^ SCDM (SDC)
BM ^ SCBM (SBC)
. r o
((SDC)(SBC))= (DMBM)= (DMB)

f u MODB
In DDMBisoscelconstruiescDE ^ MB DEMB=MODB DE=

r o MB

3626266

e p
DE====26 DE=26cm
33

:/ /
33

tt p
DE26218232 22
In DMEDdr.inE sin (DME)=====

h
22
sin (DMB)=
DM3333 333