ETAPA 1

DATE INITIALE
Denumire NOT. VAL. U.M. Formula
Turatia n 5200 rpm

Diametrul pistonului D 86 mm
Cursa pistonului S 94.6 mm
Coeficientul de comprimare ε 10.5 ε=Va/Vc
Numarul de pistoane i 4

Parametrii constructivi
Volumul dislocat de piston Vs 0.549234 dm3 Vs=π*D^2/4*S*10^-6
3
Volumul total Vt 2.196937 dm Vt=Vs*i
Viteza pistonului wp 16.39733 m/s wp=10^-3*S*n/30
Volumul total al cilindrului Va 0.61026 dm3 Va=Vc+Vs; Va=Va/ε+Vs
Volumul camerei de ardere Vc 0.05812 dm3 Vc=Va/ε
CALCULUL TERMIC
Procesul de admisie
Denumire NOT. VAL. U.M. Formula
Coeficientul de exces de aer λ
λ' 0.332 λ'=r/l
Raza arborelui manetor r 47.3 mm r=S/2
Lungimea bielei l 142.4699 mm
Unghiul de rotatie al arb. cotit α °RAC α=0-720
Unghiul de rotatie al arb. cotit α 0-180 °RAC ADMISIE
Presiunea atmosferica p0 0.1 Mpa
Temperatura normala T0 293 k
Preziunea gazelor reziduale pr 0.12 MPa pr=1.05-1.25*p0
Temperatura gazelor reziduale Tra 1000 k Tr=900-1100
γr 0.07 γr=0.04-0.10
ξr 1
Diferenta de temperatura ΔT 20 grade ΔT=0-20
Caderea de presiune Δpa 0.015 Δpa=0.05-0.20*p0
Presiunea la admisie pa 0.085 MPa pa=p0-Δpa
Temperatura la admisie Ta 357.9439 k Ta=(T0+ΔT+ξr*γr*Tr)/(1+γr)
Randamentul de umplere ηv 1.053451 ηv=pa/p0*T0/Ta*ε/(ε-1)*1/(1-ϕPU-γr)
Grad de post umplere ϕPU 0.2 0.08-0.25
Procesul de comprimare
Presiunea la sf.comprimarii pc 2.032472 MPa pc=pa*εnc
Temperatura la sf.comprimarii Tc 815.1382 k Tc=Ta*εnc-1
Exponent politropic nc 1.35 nc=1.32-1.38
Parametrul 0 nmin=800 nM=3000 np=5200 nVmax=5800
ΔT grade C 44.44444444 32.22222 20 16.66666667
Δpa Mpa 0.000446976 0.006286 0.018885 0.023494176
pa Mpa 0.099553024 0.093714 0.081115 0.076505824
γr _ 0.041878214 0.042068 0.042653 0.045807877
Ta K 356.0368291 352.8667 343.5582 342.9703512
ηv _ 0.993015452 0.942978 0.83778 0.788799921
Tr K 800 1010 1060 1070
pr Mpa 0.103849091 0.108409 0.118249 0.121849073
ro fi an
1.164 3 0.02

Parametrul U.M nmin=800 nM=3000 np=5200 nVmax=5800

nc _ 1.372 1.373 1.374 1.375
Ta K 356.0368291 352.8667 343.5582 342.9703512
mc _ 1.185 1.35 1.375385 1.378965517
pc Mpa 1.614967459 2.240845 2.058878 1.958300465
Tc K 550.0661813 803.5759 830.499 836.0882288
 Procesul de ardere
Denumire NOT. VAL. U.M. Formula
kmolaer/
Cantitatea teoretica de aer L0 0.507341 L0=1/0.21*(C/12+H/4-(O-S)/32)
kg comb
Coeficientul de exces de aer λ 0.85 0.85; 1.05; 1.1;
λ<1 ardere incompleta
Masa moleculara Mt 115 kg/kmol 110-120
Put.cal.inf.a combustibilului HI 10500 kcal/kg
kmoli/kg
Nr.kmoli de amestec proaspat M1 0.439936 M1=λ*L0+1/Mt (M.A.S.)
comb
kmoli/kg
Nr.Kmoli de produse rezultate M2 0.482846 M2=C/12+H/2+λ*0.79*L0
comb
kmoli/kg
Nr.Kmoli de CO2 MCO2 0.049423 MCO2=C/12-2*(1-λ)/(1+k)*0.21*L0
comb
kmoli/kg
Nr.Kmoli de H2O MH2O 0.060781 MH2O=H/2-2*k*(1-λ)/(1+k)*0.21*L0
comb
kmoli/kg
Nr.Kmoli de N2 MN2 0.34068 MN2=0.79*λ*L0
comb
kmoli/kg
Nr.Kmoli de CO MCO 0.021743 MCO=2*(1-λ)/(1+k)*0.21*L0
comb
kmoli/kg
Nr.Kmoli de H2 MH2 0.010219 MH2=2*k*(1-λ)/(1+k)*0.21*L0
comb
k 0.47 k=0.45-0.50
Coef.var.molare a amest.praospat μ0 1.097538 μ0=M2/M1
Coef.var.molare a amest.real μr 1.091157 μr=(μ0+γr)/(1+γr)
Cald.molara medie la vol.ct a kcal/kmol
ames. 5.189083 k
Cald.molara medie la vol.ct a kcal/kmol
prod. 6.853098 k
kcal/kmol
11.42052 k
kcal/kmol
6.387825 k
kcal/kmol
7.087825 k
kcal/kmol
6.21026 k
kcal/kmol
6.61026 k
kcal/kmol
5.787825 k
 Tz 2775.65 k Tz=1800-3000 k
kcal/kmol
Cald.molara medie la pres.ct. 8.838098 k
Coef.de utiliz.a caldurii ξz 0.9 ξz=0.82-0.95 (MAS)
kcal/kmol
Calculul puterii calorice sup. HS 11167 k HS=8100C+30000H+2600(S-O)
Calculul temperaturii Tz la sfarsitul arderii

18527.39

18603.16
Calculul presiunii pz pz 75.5171 bari pz=β*pc
Alegerea raportului de crest.a
pres. β 3.71553 β=μR*Tz/Tc

Parametrul U.M nmin nM np nVmax

λ _ 0.85 0.98 0.97 0.975
kmol aer/kg
Ln 0.431205 0.497154 0.492081 0.494618
comb
Vi kmol/kg comb 0.374857583 0.495544253 0.485652 0.490585
vCO2 kmol/kg comb 0.04957214 0.068287396 0.066848 0.067568
vCO kmol/kg comb 0.021594527 0.00287927 0.004319 0.003599
vH2O kmol/kg comb 0.060634627 0.06961795 0.068927 0.069272
vH2 kmol/kg comb 0.010365373 0.00138205 0.002073 0.001728
vN kmol/kg comb 0.34065195 0.39275166 0.388744 0.390748
vpa kmol/kg comb 0.482818617 0.534918327 0.530911 0.532914
Parametrul U.M nmin nM np nVmax

Δv kmol/kg comb 0.107961033 0.039374073 0.045259 0.042329

μc _ 1.096 1.056208831 1.058737 1.053885

μt _ 1.092141287 1.053939685 1.056335 1.051525

Parametrul U.M nmin nM np nVmax

Hin kJ/kg 43626.69926 43627.49065 43627.43 43627.46

Parametrul U.M nmin nM np nVmax

a0 _ -33889.01041 -43952.5187 -43670.2 -44058.5
a1 _ 10.9164675 12.367573 12.25595 12.31176
a2 _ 0.0011025 0.001239 0.001229 0.001234
Tz1 K 2482.157471 2779.749596 2785.465 2795.47
λz _ 3.928255451 3.645814404 3.542909 3.515785

vCO21 vCO22 vCO23 vCO24

0.04957214 0.068287396 0.066847761 0.067567579

Lnmin LnM Lnp LnVmax

0.431205 0.497154 0.492081 0.494618

λmin λnM λnp λnVmax

0.85 0.98 0.97 0.975
 vinmin vinM vinp viVmax
0.374857583 0.495544253 0.485652 0.490585

Mc vc c h o Omin Lmin
120 0.008333333 0.854 0.142 0.004 0.1065 0.5073

Procesul de destindere
Denumire NOT. VAL. U.M. Formula
Exponent politropic md 1.27 md=1.23-2.30
Presiunea la sf. destinderii pd 3.811842 bari pd=pz/εmd
Temperatura la sf.destinderii Td 1471.105 k Td=Tz/εmd-1
Verificarea valorii adoptate pentru temperatura Tr a gazelor reziduale
Denumire NOT. VAL. U.M. Formula
Tr 1000.75 k Tr=Td/3√(pd/pr)
ΔT 0.074969 k ΔT=(|Trc-Tra|)/Trc*100
Diagrama indicata
Denumire NOT. VAL. U.M. Formula
Unghul de rotatie al arb.cotit ϕ 0-720 °RAC
Cursa instantanee x mm x=S*((1-cosϕ)/2+λ'/4-λ'/4*cos^2ϕ
Volumul instantaneu Vx dm3 Vx=π*D2/4*x
pcx pcx=pa*((S+s)/(x+s))^nc
pdx pdx=pz*(s/(x+s))^nd
s 9.957895 mm s=S/(ε-1)

Parametrul U.M nmin nM np nVmax

md _ 1.3825 1.263333 1.245 1.242414

pd Mpa 0.24579 0.36762 0.39049 0.370819

Td K 1009.77 1496.554 1565.692 1580.9
Tr adm K 757.709 996.1271 1051.402 1090.916
ϕ cosϕ x Vx P pa pcx pdx pr
0 1 0 0 0.081115 0.08112
10 0.984807753 1.410333999 0.008188202 0.081115 0.08112
20 0.939692621 5.536067763 0.032141634 0.081115 0.08112
30 0.866025404 12.0721234 0.070089058 0.081115 0.08112
40 0.766044443 20.54455983 0.119278838 0.081115 0.08112
50 0.64278761 30.35818407 0.176255367 0.081115 0.08112
60 0.5 40.855375 0.237200587 0.081115 0.08112
70 0.342020143 51.37941849 0.298301711 0.081115 0.08112
80 0.173648178 61.33520048 0.356103587 0.081115 0.08112
90 6.12574E-17 70.2405 0.407806509 0.081115 0.08112
100 -0.173648178 77.76231809 0.451477132 0.081115 0.08112
110 -0.342020143 83.73452405 0.486150924 0.081115 0.08112
120 -0.5 88.155375 0.511817765 0.081115 0.08112
130 -0.64278761 91.16589195 0.529296405 0.081115 0.08112 Ii
140 -0.766044443 93.01236415 0.540016765 0.081115 0.08112
150 -0.866025404 93.9981266 0.545739963 0.081115 0.08112
160 -0.939692621 94.43098969 0.548253106 0.081115 0.08112
170 -0.984807753 94.57314743 0.549078454 0.081115 0.08112
180 -1 94.6 0.549234356 0.081115 0.08112
190 -0.984807753 94.57314743 0.549078454 0.081141 0.081141207
200 -0.939692621 94.43098969 0.548253106 0.081279 0.081278801
210 -0.866025404 93.9981266 0.545739963 0.0817 0.08170037
220 -0.766044443 93.01236415 0.540016765 0.082675 0.082675274
230 -0.64278761 91.16589195 0.529296405 0.084559 0.084558925
240 -0.5 88.155375 0.511817765 0.087801 0.087801269
250 -0.342020143 83.73452405 0.486150924 0.092989 0.092988619
260 -0.173648178 77.76231809 0.451477132 0.100935 0.100935222
270 -1.83772E-16 70.2405 0.407806509 0.112854 0.112853641
280 0.173648178 61.33520048 0.356103587 0.130665 0.130664539
290 0.342020143 51.37941849 0.298301711 0.157574 0.157573988
300 0.5 40.855375 0.237200587 0.199187 0.199186682
310 0.64278761 30.35818407 0.176255367 0.265694 0.265693772
320 0.766044443 20.54455983 0.119278838 0.376015 0.376014876
330 0.866025404 12.0721234 0.070089058 0.56383 0.563830215
340 0.939692621 5.536067763 0.032141634 0.873875 0.873875425
350 0.984807753 1.410333999 0.008188202 1.284885 1.284885119
360 1 0 0 1.515246 1.515246409
370 0.984807753 1.410333999 0.008188202 6.185456 6.185455639
380 0.939692621 5.536067763 0.032141634 4.206849 4.206848997
390 0.866025404 12.0721234 0.070089058 2.714287 2.714286849
400 0.766044443 20.54455983 0.119278838 1.810141 1.81014108
410 0.64278761 30.35818407 0.176255367 1.279054 1.279053679
420 0.5 40.855375 0.237200587 0.958888 0.958887584
430 0.342020143 51.37941849 0.298301711 0.758563 0.75856347
440 0.173648178 61.33520048 0.356103587 0.629021 0.629020988
450 3.06287E-16 70.2405 0.407806509 0.543279 0.543279066
460 -0.173648178 77.76231809 0.451477132 0.485904 0.485903625
470 -0.342020143 83.73452405 0.486150924 0.447649 0.447648564
480 -0.5 88.155375 0.511817765 0.422677 0.422676584
490 -0.64278761 91.16589195 0.529296405 0.407068 0.407067892
500 -0.766044443 93.01236415 0.540016765 0.398 0.397999971
510 -0.866025404 93.9981266 0.545739963 0.393307 0.393306771
520 -0.939692621 94.43098969 0.548253106 0.391277 0.391277331
530 -0.984807753 94.57314743 0.549078454 0.390615 0.390614951
540 -1 94.6 0.549234356 0.39049 0.39049006
550 -0.984807753 94.57314743 0.549078454 0.118249 0.118
560 -0.939692621 94.43098969 0.548253106 0.118249 0.118
570 -0.866025404 93.9981266 0.545739963 0.118249 0.118
580 -0.766044443 93.01236415 0.540016765 0.118249 0.118
590 -0.64278761 91.16589195 0.529296405 0.118249 0.118
600 -0.5 88.155375 0.511817765 0.118249 0.118
610 -0.342020143 83.73452405 0.486150924 0.118249 0.118
620 -0.173648178 77.76231809 0.451477132 0.118249 0.118
630 -4.28802E-16 70.2405 0.407806509 0.118249 0.118
640 0.173648178 61.33520048 0.356103587 0.118249 0.118
650 0.342020143 51.37941849 0.298301711 0.118249 0.118
660 0.5 40.855375 0.237200587 0.118249 0.118
670 0.64278761 30.35818407 0.176255367 0.118249 0.118
680 0.766044443 20.54455983 0.119278838 0.118249 0.118
690 0.866025404 12.0721234 0.070089058 0.118249 0.118
700 0.939692621 5.536067763 0.032141634 0.118249 0.118
710 0.984807753 1.410333999 0.008188202 0.118249 0.118
720 1 0 0 0.118249 0.118
p
0.08112
0.08112
ϕ Proces legea
0.08112
0-180 admisia p=pa
0.08112
180-360 compresia p=pcx
0.08112
360-540 desinderea p=pdx
0.08112
540-720 evacuarea p=pr
0.08112
pa<p0<pr
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
delta1 delta2 delta3 delta4
0.08112
268.6 370.7855448 364.8037287 369.0081024
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
0.08112
0.08114
0.08128
0.0817
0.08268
0.08456
0.0878
0.09299
0.10094
0.11285
0.13066
0.15757
0.19919
0.26569
0.37601
0.56383
0.87388
1.28489
1.51525
6.18546
4.20685
2.71429
1.81014
1.27905
0.95889
0.75856
0.62902
0.54328
0.4859
0.44765
0.42268
0.40707
0.398
0.39331
0.39128
0.39061
0.39049
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
0.11825
 7

P[Mpa]

4
admisie
comprimare
ardere+destindere
evacuare
3

0
0 0.1 0.2 V[dm3]
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
 Diagrama indicata

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6