REZOLVAREA FISEI DE LUCRU 4 REGULA LUI CRAMER

I.

7x 6 y 5
1.
8 x 7 y 10
7

A=
8

7 6

D=

8 7

-49 +48 = -1

0 prin urmare sistemul este de tip Cramer, deci este compatibil

determinat.

5 6
dx 3560
10 7

-95

75

dy 7040
8 10
x

2.

-110

95
110
95 si y
110 . Deci S={( 95,110)}
1
1

3x1 4 x2 3

x1 2 x2 1

A=
1

x1

6 4 10, 1

6 4 10, 2

2 9 7.

10 5
7
, x2
.
16 8
16

5 7
Rspuns: S 8 , 16

x 2 y 4 z 2

3. 3 x 4 y z 13
2 x y 3z 9

A= 3

1
3

1 2 4
d 3 4 1 55 0 prin urmare sistemul este de tip Cramer, deci este compatibil determinat.
2 1 3

2 2 4
d x 13 4 1 110 ;
9 1 3

1 2 4
d y 3 13 1 220 ;
2 9 3
1 2 2
220
165
2, y
4, z
3 iar soluia este S= ( 2,4,3)
dz 3 4 13 165, deci x 110
55
55
55
2 1 9

2x y z t 0
3x 2 y t 2

4.
2x 2 y z 3
x y z 3t 3
Matricea sistemului
2

3
A=
2

2
2
1

0
1
1

1
0

d = detA =

M4 ( R)

=(adun linia 3 la liniile 1 si 4)=

3+3

4
3
3

3
2
1

1
1
3

=(dezvolt dupa coloana a 3a)=-1(-1)

=-(24+3+9+6+27-4)= - 65
d
d
d
d
sistem de tip Cramer x = x , y = y , z = z , t = t
d
d
d
d

dx=

0
2

1
2

1
0

1
1

2
3

3
2

0
0

1
1

=-1(-1)3+3

3
2
1

2
3
5

1
1
3

=-

(12+3+15+10-2+27)
=-65
x=1

dy=

2
3

0
2

1
0

1
1

4
3

3
2

0
0

1
1

2
1

1
3

0
2

1
0

== -1(-1)3+3

4
3

3
2

1
1

=-3

4
3

3
2

1
1

-3(8-3-6+2+8-9)= 0 y=0

dz=
2
1
2

2
3

1
2

0
2

1
1

1
3
2

0
2
3

= -1(-1)1+4

1
2
1

3
2
1

2
3
3

3
2
1

3
2
6

+3(-1)4+4

=-6+4+9+4-3-18+3( 18-4+8+3)=-27+17 +75= 65 z =-1

dt=

2
3

1
2

1
0

0
2

4
3

3
2

0
0

3
2

= -1(-1)3+3

4
3
3

= -( 48-18-9-

18+8+54+8)=
=-65 t=1
solutia sistemului de ecuatii este sistemul de numere (1,0,-1,1) S= {(1,0,-1,1)}

3x y z 1

5. x 3 y z 2
x y 3z 4

Matricea sistemului A= 1
1

si det A=

3
1

1
3

1
1

=27+1+1-3-3-3=20

d
d
d
Sistem de tip Cramer d=20 x x ; y y ; z z ;
d
d
d

dx=
dy=
dz=

1
2

1
3

1
1

3
1

1
2

1
1

3
1
1

1
3
1

1
2
4

=9+4+2-12-1-6=15-19= - 4 dx= -4 x=

4
1
=
20
5

=18+4+1-2-12-3=23-17=6 dy= 6 x=

6
3
=
20 10

= 36+1+2-3-6-4=39-13= 26 dz= 26 x=

26 13
=
20 10

1 3 13
,
,
)}
5 10 10

S={(

x my z 2m
II.a)

x 2 y z 1
mx m 2 y 2 z 2

A= 1
m

det A=

m2

m
2
m2

1
1
m

1
1
2

= 4+ m2 - m2 +2m - m2-2m = - m2 +4 = 4 m2

sistemul este de tip Cramer detA 0 4 m2 0 m2 4 m 2

m R- { 2}
Daca m R- { 2} d= (2-m) (2+m) si solutia o vom calcula cu ajutorul formulelor
dy
d
d
lui Cramer x x , y
,z z
d
d
d
dx=

2m
1
2

m
2
m2

1
1
2

= 8m - m2-2m +4 - 2m3 +2m= - 2m3 - m2 +8m +4 = 2m( 4 - m2)+ 4

- m2= ( 4 - m2)( 1+2m)

d
(4 m 2 )(1 2m)
x x =
=1+2m
d
4 m2
dy=

1
1

2m
1

1
1

= 2+2+ 2m2 +m-2+4m=2m2+5m +2= 2m2+4m +m+2 =2m(m+2)

+m+2= (2m +1)( m+2)

dz=

dy
d

(m 2)(1 2m) (m 2)(1 2m) 1 2m

=
=
( 2 m)(2 m)
2m
4 m2
m
2
m2

1
1
m

2m
1
2

= -4+2m3+m2 +4 m2+2m+ m2 = 2m3+6 m2+2m-4= 2m3+4m2+

m2+m2+2m -4=2 m2(m+2)+m(m+2) +(m-2) (m+2) =(2+m)( 2 m2+2m-2)

d
( m 2)(2m 2 2m 2) ( m 2)(2m 2 2m 2) 2m 2 2m 2
z z=
=
=
( 2 m)(2 m)
2m
d
4 m2
Solutia sistemului
1 2m 2m 2 2m 2
S={( 1+2m,
,
) / m R- { 2} }
2m
2m

x my z 8

b) 2 x y 2 z 6
mx 2 y z 4

A= 2
m

det A=

2
1
2
m

1
2
1

m
1
2

= -1-4 -2m2-m +4-2m = -2m2 -3m -1=-(2m2 +2m+m+1)=

-[2m(m+1)+ (m+1)]=-(m+1)(2m+1)
sistemul este de tip Cramer detA
Daca m R- {

1
,-1 }
2

d= (m+1) (2m+1) si solutia o vom calcula cu ajutorul

formulelor lui Cramer x

1
2
1

dx=

8
6
4

2( 4 7 m)
dx
=
d (m 1)(2m 1)

dy=

1
2
m

dy
d

m
1
2

8
6
4

1
2
1

=2

=2

4
3
2

1
2
m

0 -(m+1)(2m+1) 0 m -1 ; m

dy
dx
d
,y
,z z
d
d
d
m
1
2

4
3
2

1
2
1

1
2
1

=2(-4-4m-6 -2+16-3m)=2( 4-7m)

=2( 3-8m-4+3m+4-8) =2( -5-5m)=-10(m+1)

10(1 m)
10
=
( m 1)(2m 1) ( 2m 1)

1
2

dz=

1
2
m

m
1
2

8
6
4

dz
2(3m 2 8)
=
d (m 1)( 2m 1)

=2

Solutia sistemului S={(

1
2
m

m
1
2

4
3
2

=2( -2+16+3m2+4m-6-4m)=2(3 m2+8)

2( 4 7 m)
10
2(3m 2 8)
1
,
,
)/ m R- {
,( m 1)(2m 1) ( 2m 1) (m 1)(2m 1)
2

1}}

x (m 1) y z 2

III. a) mx y z 0
x 2 y mz 3

A= m
1

m 1
1
2

Sistemul nu este de tip Cramer daca detA=0

det A=

1
m
1

m 1
1
2

1
1
m

=-m -2m m-1-1-2+m2(m+1)= m2(m+1)-4m -4= m2(m+1)-

4(m+1)= (m+1)( m2-4)= (m+1)( m-2) ( m+2)

detA=0 (m+1)( m-2) ( m+2)=0 m=-1 ;m=2;m=-2 m {-2,-1,2}

2 x 3 y ( m 2) z 0

b) 3 x y mz 4
3x y z 6

A= 3
3

3
1

m 2

Sistemul nu este de tip Cramer daca detA=0

det A=

2
3

3
1

m2
m

=2+9m-3m-6 -3m-6+2m-9= -19 +5m

detA=0 -19 +5m=0 5m=19 m=

19
5