LAGARE HIDROSTATICE Principii de functionare

Lagare HS fara restrictori

p

Distributia
presiunii h 0

Distributia
presiunii, h = 0

Presiunea pr

pb
r

r
h

Hb 0.1 1mm

Buzunar

Q = 0,

Pompa
pin=pr
aa
Lubrifiant

hb>>h

Prag

Q, pin=pb < pr

ideal

real

Rr
R

Pompa volumica
(de debitconstant)

Girard, 1851
0

Lagar HS axial circular

M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HIDROSTATICE Principii de functionare

Lagare HS cu mai multe buzunare

Lagare HS pentru Turbopompe criogenice

(Texas A&M Univ.)
Lagar axial cu 6 buzunare
Lagar radial cu 4 buzunare
M.D. PASCOVICI

Restrictori
Sistem de lubrificatie HS
(SKF-Vogel )

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HIDROSTATICE Aplicatii

1. Elici
2. Aer

3. Ventilatoare
4. Fusta flexibila

Recess
Principiul Hovercraft-ului
(Lagare aerostatice mobile)

Telescopul de la Mount Palomar,

1947
M.D. PASCOVICI

Greutate: 470 tone

Puterea consumata prin frecare : < 60W !
Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HIDROSTATICE Aplicatii

Lagare aerostatice (Stade de

France, 1994)

M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HIDROSTATICE Aplicatii

Lagare HS cu sectoare (SKF)

d = 500 ... 5400 mm (0.5...5.4 m)
2...6 sectoare

M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HIDROSTATICE Aplicatii

Sistemul de alimentare cu lubrifiant

Lagar HS cu sectoare
oscilante (SKF)
M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Metoda analitica aproximativa

p

Lagare alimentate direct- (fara restrictori)

p

pr
pb
F

hb

h
Q

Q = 0,
pin=pr
m

Q,
pin = pb

Capacitatea portanta

Ab
A

L
x
Presiunea de
ridicare

pr =

F
Ab

M.D. PASCOVICI

3 p 3 p
h
h
+ h
= 6 U
x x z z
x
Distributia
liniara a presiunii pe prag

U=0
h = ct.

Ab
> 0.5
A

2 p
x

d2 p
dx

2 p
z

=0

p = pb (1 x L )
Tribology 2007 part 5

=0

LAGARE HS Metoda analitica aproximativa (II)

Capacitatea portanta

p
F = b A + AAb + Ab
3

Volumul trunchiului de
con generalizat

Ab

pb

pb

r
F
h

Portanta este independenta de

Q
viscozitate & grosimea
filmului !

Q,
pin = pb

Debitul
Debit Poisseuille

m h 3 pb
Q=
12 L

QP =

B h3 p

p = pb

12 L

B = m

Fm h
Q=
4 L A + AAb + Ab

h=3

12 L Q
m pb

5
exact
linear approximation

0.8
F=

0.6

R 2 pr

0.4

Q =

0.2

h 3 pr

2
1
0

0
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

Ropt 0.53
M.D. PASCOVICI

0.8
1
R = Rr R

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Metoda analitica aproximativa (III)

Rigiditatea filmului
S=

dF

F=

dh

S=

Const

3 Const
h

daca Q = const.

h3

Const =

4 L Q A + AAb + Ab
m

3F
h
H.C. Rippel &
D.D. Fuller,
1968

S = tan

M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Metoda analitica aproximativa (IV)

P = Pp + Pf

Totala
Prin pompare

P p = Q pb =

Puterea totala
pierduta

3F 2m h 3

4 L A + AAb + Ab

Curgere Couette
Prin frecare

Ipoteze:

U
h

Neglijarea frecarii in buzunare (hb >> h)

1. Translatie

Ff

(
) U
= A Ab

Pf

2
(
A

A
b ) U
=

2. Rotatie (cazul axi-simetric)

R

Rb

r
h

= 2 n
M.D. PASCOVICI

4 4
2 r 3
(R - Rb )
dr=
M f = 2 r d r =
h
2
h
Rb
Rb
R

Mf

2
n

(
=

4
b

R -R )

2 3 n2 4
4
Pf =
R Rb
h

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Metoda analitica aproximativa (V)

Temperatura medie efectiva
Toata caldura generata prin frecare
este evacuata prin lubrifiant

Ipoteza

Pf = c Q (Te Tin )

T=

T in + T e
2

Pf = 2 c Q (T Tin )

http://www.specialtycomponents.com/nf/aerostatic1.htm
http://www.mech.kuleuven.be/apt/active.en.html

M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Optimizarea buzunarelor

(a) Putere totala minima

Criterii:

Pp >> Pf

(b) Putere prin pompare minima

(c) Rigiditate maxima

P p = Q pb =

3F 2m h 3

4 L A + AAb + Ab

L, m = func( Ab , A)

Configuratie circulara

m = 2 Rm = (R + Rb )
R = Rb R

A= R

P p = Const

Din modelul aproximativ

(distributie liniara a presiunii)

M.D. PASCOVICI

Ab = R

2
b

Rr

L = R Rb

1+ R

(1 R )(1 + R + R 2 )2
Ropt 0.37

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Optimizarea buzunarelor

Modelul exact
Pp =

10

2 ln R

3 1 R

2 2

8
6
Pp =

Pp R 2
h

Q=

Q R2

2
pr =

0
0

0.2

0.4

0.6
Ropt
0.53
0.53

M.D. PASCOVICI

0.8

h3 F

pb =

2 ln R
1 R 2

R 2 pr
F

1
R = Rr R

Q =

3 1 R2

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Sisteme cu n buzunare (I)

Fara restrictori !

F2

F1
pr1
h1=0

pr2
pr1
h2=0

pa=pr1

Q1=0

Q2=0

QP=0

(a)

Pompa
`

F2 > F1
F1

pr2> p r1> p b1

pb1
h2=0

h1>0

Q1 0

pa=pb1

Q2 = 0

QP =Q1
(b)

Pump
M.D. PASCOVICI

Tribology 2007 part 5

LAGARE HS Sisteme cu n buzunare (II)

Cu restrictori
F2

F2

Pr2

F1
pr1

F1
pb2

pb1

h1
Q1

R1

h1

Q2=0

pa= pr2 R2

Q1

R1

pa>pb2

Q=Q1
(b)

RV

Qr=QP- Q1

h2
R2

Q2

Q=Q1+ Q2

QP LEGENDA
P

R1, R2= Restrictori

P = Pompa
RV= Supapa de
retur

Qr=QP- Q1- Q2

pb

RV

QP
P

pb

Pb
do
lc

Orificiu
calibrat

dc

pa

Tub
capilar

p pa
(a)
M.D. PASCOVICI

Q,
pa=const

(b)

Q,
pa=const
Tribology 2007 part 5

(c)

LAGARE HS Sisteme cu restrictori capilari

Debitul prin tubul capilar.
Ecuatia Hagen-Poisseuile

lc
dc

> 20

d c > 0.5 mm

dc4 pa pb Kc
Qc =
= ( pa pb )
128 lc

u m d c d c3 ( pa pb )
Re =
=
< 2000
2

32 lc

(componenta Poisseuile)

Qc = Q

Fara restrictor
Debitul in conditii extreme

M.D. PASCOVICI

128 lc

m h 3 pb
Q=
12 L

Debitul peste praguri

Conservarea debitului

Kc =

Coeficientul dimensional al
capilarului

d c4

Q max =Q pump

3 L d c4 pa
1
h=3
32m lc pb
Cu restrictor

Qmax

d c4 pa
=
128 lc
Tribology 2007 part 5