Tema 1 Întroducere. Familiarizarea cu disciplina. Structura generală a organismului.

Lucru individual

1. Defineşte noţiunile de ANATOMIE ȘI FIZIOLOGIE. Care sunt metodele de studiere în anatomie și

fiziologie?
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2. Defineşte noţiunea de HOMEOSTAZIE, ce semnifică acest cuvânt?

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 Dă un exemplu de homeostazie.
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 Care sunt mecanismele prin care organismul se autoreglează?

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 Ce semnifică FEED-BACK-ul?
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 Dă un exemplu de FEED-BACK (printr-o schemă sau desen):

3. Structura şi funcţiile membranei celulare. Transportul substanţelor prin

membrana celulară.
 Desenează o celulă cu toate structurile ei, notează-le.

 Desenează un segment de membrană celulară, specifică structura şi componentele acesteia

(fosfolipidele, proteinele, colesterolul, glicolipidele etc...), care sunt funcţiile acestor
componente? Care este porţiunea hidrofilă, dar hidrofobă a membranei?

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  Reprezintă schematic tipurile de transport a substanţelor prin membrana celulară.

 Explică noţiunile: difuzie, osmoză, filtrare – care este originea acestor cuvinte, cum se traduc
din limba lor de origine?
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 Desenează o porţiune de membrană celulară şi arătă cum are loc transportul pasiv.

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  Specifică, care structuri sunt implicate, dar care forţe fizice determină mişcarea substanţelor?
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 Desenează o porţiune de membrană celulară şi arătă, cum are loc transportul activ. Specifică,
care structuri sunt implicate, dar care forţe fizice determină mişcarea substanţelor? Ce substanţă
este necesară pentru a realiza transportul activ? ________

Lucrarea de laborator N1

Lucrarea N 1. Pregătirea preparatului neuromuscular.

1. Enumeră etapele și reprezentațile
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2. Formulează concluzia.
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PHYSIOEX 9.0 Cell transport mechanisms and permeability (CAPITOLUL 1)

Activitatea 1
Simularea dializei (difuzia simplă).

Notează rezultatele şi completează tabelul.

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Tab.1.1 Rezultatele dializei (rata medie de difuzie în mM/sec).

MWCO membranar
Solutia 20 50 100 200
Na+Cl"
Uree
Albumina
Glucoza

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 FIŞĂ DE LUCRU ÎN LABORATOR
1. Descrie două variabile, care influenţează rata difuziei.
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2. De ce crezi ca ureea nu a fost capabilă de a difuza prin membrana de 20 MWCO?
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3. Descrie rezultatele obţinute la examinarea difuziei glucozei şi albuminei prin membrana de

200 MWCO.
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4. Aranjează următoarele molecule în ordine crescătoare, conform masei lor moleculare:
glucoză, clorură de sodiu, albumină, uree.
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Semnătura profesorului________________________