PLASMA SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
AGRICULTURĈ
,QYHVWLJDʘLHGHVSUHHIHFWHOH
*DQVXULORUʖLDPLQRDFL]LORUGH
FDVWUDYHʘL
ʖLURʖLL
Autor: Radii Babanu, RepublicD Moldova, Transnistria, Tiraspol
FebruarLH 2019
SubLect
6FRSXO DFHVWXL VWXGLX HVWH GH D
GRFXPHQWD HIHFWXO GLIHULWHORU
*DQVXUL DVXSUD FUHɁWHULL
SODQWHORUGHWRPDWHɁLFDVWUDYHЙL
vQ JUăGLQD XQHL FDVH SULYDWH GLQ
0ROGRYD ÌQ ЙDUD QRDVWUă FOLPD
QX HVWH vQWRWGHDXQD IDYRUDELOă
OD IHO ɁL FDOLWDWHD VROXOXL 'DU
5HSXEOLFD0ROGRYDHVWHRЙDUăvQ
FDUH H[LVWă PXOЙL ORFXLWRUL GLQ
PHGLXO UXUDO FDUH FXOWLYă
PDMRULWDWHDOHJXPHORUɁLIUXFWHORU
QHFHVDUH vQ JUăGLQLOH ORU
$P GHFLV Vă LQYHVWLJKH]
HILFLHQЙD DJULFXOWXULL SODVPDWLFH
vQWUXQ FOLPDW ORFDO SH FXOWXUL
FXOWLYDWHvQSULQFLSDODLFL
DVXSUD
FXOWXULORUGH
$PVSHUDWFăUH]XOWDWHOHSR]LWLYH
DOHH[SHULPHQWXOXLDUFRQVWLWXLXQ
SUHFHGHQW EXQ SHQWUX ЙDUD PHD
([LVWă GRXă PLFL SDUFHOH vQ MXUXO
FDVHLPHOHFXXQVROIRDUWHUăX
ÌQFHUFăULOH GH D FUHɁWH FHYD QX
DX GDW QLFLRGDWă UH]XOWDW $ IRVW
PXOWăPXQFăGDUIăUăUH]XOWDWD
IRVWSUHDFDOGSUHDvQWXQHFDWHɁL
SUHD XVFDW 3ULQ XUPDUH DP
KRWăUkW Fă GDFă VDU REЙLQH R
UHFROWă SH DFHVWH WHUHQXUL FX
DMXWRUXOɁWLLQЙHLSODVPHLDWXQFLV
DU GRYHGL Fă HVWH SRVLELO Vă VH
REЙLQă R UHFROWă SH WRDWH
FHOHODOWH SDUFHOH GH JUăGLQă DOH
ЙăULL XQGH FRQGLЙLLOH VXQW GH
RELFHL PXOW PDL EXQH GHFkW OD
PLQH
Metodă
5ăVDGXULOH 5ăVDGXULOH GH 20cm
GH URɁLLɁL FDVWDYHЙL DX IRVW
FXPSăUDWHGLQPDJD]LQXOORFDO
'DWD3ODQWăULL$SULOLH
3DUFHOHPLFLSDUFHOH
3ODQWDUHD LQWHUPLWHQWă
GLVWUXLEXLUHQHXQLIRUPă
8GDUHD UHJXODW RGDWă OD 
]LOHIXQFЙLHGHXPLGLWDWHDVROXOXL
Notă: 7RDWH vQFHUFăULOH
DQWHULRDUH GH D FUHɁWH SODQWH SH
DFHVWH ORWXUL GH WHUHQ DX HɁXDW
SODQWHOH DX GLVSăUXW IăUă Vă
DMXQJă PăFDU OD PDWXULWDWH $X
IRVWIăFXWHvQFHUFăULvQGLIHULЙLDQL
30
 PLASMA SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
AGRICULTURĈ

7HUHQ 3ULPDSDUFHOĉ $GRXDSDUFHOĉ

^ƵƉƌĂĨĂƜĂ 0.4m x 6m 2.5m x 3m

KůĂƚƵƌĉĂĐŽƉĞƌŝƚĉĐƵƵŶŐĂƌĚŠŶĂůƚĚĞĐĞů ŽƵĉůĂƚƵƌŝĂĐŽƉĞƌŝƚĞĚĞŐĂƌĚŠŶĂůƚĚĞĐĞů
DĞĚŝƵůĨŝnjŝĐ ƉƵƜŝŶ 1͕8m ŠŶĉůƜŝŵĞ͘ ƉƵƜŝŶϭ͕ϴŵ͕ĐĞůĞůĂƚĞĚŽƵĉůĂƚƵƌŝĂĐŽƉĞƌŝƚĞ
ĚĞƉĞƌĞƜŝŝĐĂƐĞŝ͘
sĂƌŝĞƚĉƜŝŠŶĂůƚĞ varieties (Prezident,
ZŽƕŝŝ sĂƌŝĞƚĉƜŝƐĐƵŶĚĞ (Nastena)
Tolstoi, BayanͿ
“KONKURENT”, ůĂ 17-19AprilŝĞ Ăŵ
CĂƐƚƌĂǀĞƜŝ NƵ ĂĚĉƵŐĂƚƐĞŵŝŶƜĞĚĞ<onkurent,
Rodnichok, Phoenix-ϲϰϬ
ŽŶĚŝƜŝŝĚĞ >ƵŵŝŶĉƉƵƚĞƌŶŝĐĉŠŶƉƌŝŵĂũƵŵĉƚĂƚĞĂ
ŝůƵŵŝŶĂƌĞ njŝůĞŝ͕ƵƕŽƌŵĂŝƌĞĚƵƐĉŠŶĂĚŽƵĂ >ƵŵŝŶĂƚĉĚŝƌĞĐƚĚĞ^ŽĂƌĞĚŽĂƌŠŶƚƌĞ
ũƵŵĉƚĂƚĞ͘ 10:00Ͳ15:00. hŵďƌĉŠŶƌĞƐƚƵůƚŝŵƉƵůƵŝ͘

3UHJăWLUHDGaQVXULORU x 9DVH FX SODVPă OLFKLGă DX x 'XSă SULPHOH  OXQL

6ROXЙLD GH *DQV GH &20J.
D IRVW SURGXVă vQ ODERUDWRUXO
SURSULXSULYDWvQFRQIRUPLWDWHFX
WHKQRORJLD SODVPDWLFă .HVKH
FXP HVWH FHD SHQWUX FUHDUHD
*DQVXULORU SHQWUX QXWULЙLH
0HGLFDPHQWXO $63$5.$0 GLQ
IDUPDFLH DVSDUDW GH SRWDVLX ɁL
IRVW SODVDWH SH SDUFHOH OD WUDWDPHQWXO SODVPDWLF D IRVW
LQWHUYDOH GH P SHQWUX D UHDOL]DW vQ SULQFLSDO GH FăWUH
FUHD XQ FkPS SODVPDWLF FkPSXULOH HPLVH GH YDVH
FRQVWDQWvQ]RQDSODQWHORU 3XOYHUL]DUHD D IRVW UHDOL]DWă
GHFHOSXЙLQRULSHOXQă
x 3HULRDGD WratDmentXOXL: 2-4
]LOH,SXOYHUL]DUHDDIRVWIăFXWă ObservaЙLL
vQ PRPHQWXO XGăULL VDX
LPHGLDW GXSă SH GXUDWD D 'XSă  VăSWăPkQL GH OD
GRXăOXQLGXSăSODQWDUH SODQWDUH SH  0DL  WRDWH
DVSDUWDWGHPDJQH]LXVXEIRUPă
URɁLLOHDXVXSUDYLHЙXLWSODQWăULLvQ
GH SLOXOH D IRVW PăFLQDW vQ
SXOEHUHɁLSăVWUDWFHOSXЙLQ]LOH
vQ *DQV GH &2 SHQWUX
WUDQVIHUDUHDvQFkPSD.ɁL0JvQ
DPHVWHFXO *DQV REЙLQXW $SRL
DPDGăXJDWDPLQRDFLGXO&2+1
H[WUDVGLQUHDFWRUXOSODVPDWLFGH
&2*DQVXOUH]XOWDWDIRVWDSRL
SXV vQWUR VWLFOă GLQ SODVWLF GH 
OLWULDSRLXPSOXWɁLDPHVWHFDWFX
DSăGLVWLODWăSHQWUXDSURGXFHR
FDQWLWDWH VXILFLHQWă GH SODVPă
OLFKLGăÌQILQDOVDXDGăXJDWPO
GH *DQV GH &+ OD DPHVWHFXO
*D16REЙLQXW

UWLOL]DUH
x Ìn SULPDVăSWăPkQă – 10-15%
soluЙLH GH SODVPă OLFKLGă GH
CO2 SXOYHUL]DWăSHVWHSODQWH.

x 3HGXUDWDXUPăWRDUHL
SHULRDGH–10-15% soluЙLHGH
CH3+CO2+Mg+K+COHN,
SXOYHUL]DWăSHVWHSODQWH FigurD 1. 5RɁLLOHɁLFDVWUDYHЙLLOD0DL

31
 PLASMA SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
AGRICULTURĈ
VRO GHVFKLV ɁL DX DMXQV OD vQăOЙLPHD
GHSkQăODFPDXvQIORULWɁLDYHDX
IUXFWHHQRUPHDWLQJkQGXQGLDPHWUX
GH SkQă OD  FP 5ăVDGXULOH GH
FDVWUDYHЙLGLQVSHFLD.21.85(17
DX DMXQV OD vQăOЙLPHD GH DSUR[LPDWLY
 FP vQIORULWH HQRUP ɁL FX URG
PăULPHD FDVWUDYHЙLORU PLFL ILLQG GH
 FP 7RDWH SODQWHOH DUDWDX
IRDUWH ELQH WUXQFKLXULOH ɁL IUXQ]HOH
VXQW IL]LF YLJXURDVH DYDQG FXORDUHD
YHUGHLQWHQVFDvQ)LJXUD

6HPLQЙHOHSODQWDWHvQSHULRDGD
$SULOLHDXJHUPLQDWɁLDXFRQWLQXDWVă
FUHDVFă FDVWUDYHЙL GLQ VSHFLD
.RQNXUHQW 5RGQLFLRN ɁL 3KRHQL[
 $FHVWH VHPLQЙH DX IRVW WUDWDWH
FXSODVPăOLFKLGăFX&2WLPSGH
GHRUHvQDLQWHGHSODQWDUH FigurD 3. $SDULЙLDIUXQ]HORUɁLPăULPHDDFHVWRUD, SH 27 MaL 2018.

/D IHO FD vQ )LJ  GXSă  OXQL

GH OD SODQWDUH SH  PDL 
URɁLLOHGLQVSHFLLOHvQDOWHDXDMXQV
OD vQăOЙLPHD GH  FP
FDVWUDYHЙLL  FP FX SODQWH
ERJDWH WXOSLQL ɁL IUXQ]H
VăQăWRDVH FX R FDQWLWDWH
HQRUPă GH IORUL ɁL IUXFWH
)UXQ]HOH DUDWă VăQăWRDVH DX
FXORULYHU]LLQWHQVɁLGLPHQVLXQHD
ORU HVWH QRUPDOă ɁL PDUH
)UXFWHOH DMXQJ OD GLPHQVLXQL GH
SkQă OD  FP DYkQG  URɁLL
SHQWUXRLQIORUHVFHQЙă

FigurD4. 3UH]HQWDUHJHQHUDOă, SH 27 May 2018.

FigurD 2. 6SHFLLOHvQDOWHGHURɁLL SH 25 MaL 2018.

32
 PLASMA SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
AGRICULTURĈ

FigurD 5. 0ăVXUkQGvQăOЙLPHDFXOWXULL, SH 13 ,unLe 2018.

Re]ultDWH

3ULPLLFDVWUDYHЙLvQVWDUHEXQăDX
IRVW DGXQDЙL OD GDWD GH  0DL
5HFROWDRELɁQXLWăGHFDVWUDYHЙLD
vQFHSXW vQ SHULRDGD  ,XQLH
(L DYHDX XQ DVSHFW QRUPDO XQ
JXVW SURQXQЙDW  FD vQ )LJXUD 

&RDFHUHD URɁLLORU D vQFHSXW OD

MXPăWDWHD OXQLL ,XQLH SULPHOH
URɁLL FRDSWH DX DSăUXW vQ D WUHLD
VăSWăPkQă D OXQLL ÌQ SHULRDGD
,XOLH6HSWHPEULH URɁLLOH FRDSWH FigurD 6. 3ULPDUHFROWă – FDVWUDYHЙL, SH 29 MaL 2018.
DX IRVW UHFROWDWH vQ PRG UHJXODW
vQ FDQWLWDWH GH  NJ OD ILHFDUH
 ]LOH (OH DX DYXW DVSHFW
QRUPDO ɁL JXVWXO SURQXQЙDW 
PăVXUDUHD FXOWXULORU vQ )LJXUD 

3H vQWUHDJD SHULRDGă GH

YHJHWDЙLHURɁLLOHDXFRQWLQXDWVă
FUHDVFă Vă vQIORUHDVFă ɁL Vă
IDFă IUXFWH ÌQăOЙLPHD SODQWHORU D
DMXQVODPHWULFXRPDVă
YHJHWDOă vQ FUHɁWHUH FRQWLQXă
&DVWUDYHЙLL DX HYROXDW vQ PRG
QRUPDO OXkQG WRW VSDЙLXO
GLVSRQLELO $P DYXW R FXOWXUă
IRDUWHIUXPRDVăvQFRPSDUDЙLHFX
FHHD FH HUD GH DɁWHSWDW SHQWUX FigurD 7. 3ULPDUHFROWDUHDURɁLLORU, SH 13 ,unLe 2018.
XQDVWIHOGHORFvQWXQHFDW

33
 PLASMA SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
AGRICULTURĈ
3HULRDGD GH YHJHWDЙLH DFWLYă D
IRVW VXILFLHQW GH OXQJă FHHD FH
HVWH RELɁQXLW SHQWUX VSHFLLOH GH
URɁLL vQDOWH (OH DX FRQWLQXDW Vă
FUHDVFăFKLDUɁLvQ2FWRPEULHLDU
FRURDQDORUVXSHULRDUăDGHYHQLW
DWkW GH PDVLYă vQFkW DX UXSW
FDGUHOH GH VXVЙLQHUH (OH DX
FRQWLQXDW Vă SURGXFă URɁLL
FRDSWH vQIORULWH DX DYXW PXOWH
IUXFWHYHU]L9LWH]DGHFRDFHUHD
IRVW GHJUDGDWă GDWRULWă VFăGHULL
WHPSHUDWXULL ]LOQLFH &DVWUDYHЙLL
DX FRQWLQXDW Vă VH IDFă SkQă vQ
2FWRPEULH vQ FLXGD IDSWXOXL Fă Figure 8. Vegetation dynamics - tomatoes and cucumbers, on 18 August 2018.
DXGHMDPXOWHIUXQ]HXVFDWHFD
vQ)LJXUD

Figure 9. Active vegetation period, October 2018.

&RQWUROXOGăXQăWRULORU
'LQWUH GăXQăWRUL VD REVHUYDW GRDU DFWLYLWDWHD  3VHXGRSHURQRVSRUD FXEHQVLV 5RVWRZ]

&RQWUROXO GăXQăWRULORU D IRVW IăFXW SULQ SXOYHUL]DUHD GH FkWHYD RUL GH SODVPă OLFKLGă GH &X2 'H
DVHPHQHD UăVSkQGLUHD ɁL FUHɁWHUHD DFHVWRUD D IRVW RSULWă SULQ vQGHSăUWDUHD IUXQ]HORU DIHFWDWH

ÌQFLXGDIDSWXOXLFăDXGăXQăWRULURɁLLOHɁLFDVWUDYHЙLLDXRIHULWREXQăUHFROWă'ăXQăWRULLQXDXIRVWDFWLYL

34

Sumar ɁL re]ultDWH
&D UH]XOWDW DO DFHVWXL H[SHULPHQW DJUDU SH
SDUFHOHOHPHQЙLRQDWHVDVWDELOLWFă:
1. $FЙLXQHDGRULWăDFkPSXOXLSODVPDWLFHVWH
HYLGHQЙăɁLSURQXQЙDWă
PLASMA SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
AGRICULTURĈ
0XOЙXPLUL
0XOЙXPLUL VSHFLDOH GRPQXOXL 0HKUDQ 7DYDNROL
.HVKH SHQWUX ɁWLLQЙD SODVPDWLFă RIHULWă FX
EXQăYRLQЙă RPHQLULL *UXSXOXL GH FHUFHWDUH D
WHKQRORJLHL .HVKH .(6+( )281'$7,21
520$1,$SHQWUXLQVSLUDЙLHɁLVSULMLQɁLGRPQXOXL
2. ÌQ SUH]HQЙD FkPSXOXL SODVPDWLF GH &DUERQ & .DNDVL6DQGRUEXQXOPHXSULHWHQSHQWUXVSULMLQXO
0DJQH]LX 0J ɁL 3RWDVLX . SODQWHOH DUDWă ɁL ɁLDVLVWHQЙăvQvQЙHOHJHUHDSURFHVXOXLGHSUHJăWLUHD
VH FRPSRUWă FD ɁL FXP DU IL IHUWLOL]DWH SULQ *DQVXULORU
vPERJăЙLUHPLQHUDOă
$UWLFROXORULJLQDOGLVSRQLELOYLD
3. &kPSXO SODVPDWLF HVWH GLVSRQLELO SHQWUX SODQWH
ɁL DUH XQ HIHFW EXQ vQ FLXGD IDSWXOXL Fă D IRVW https://cloud.mail.ru/public/CQfB/7wBDEEeYH
FUHDWIRORVLQGGLIHULWHPHWRGH
4. 3HULRDGD DFWLYă GH YHJHWDЙLH D FXOWXULORU VD
SUHOXQJLW ɁL D GHYHQLW PDL HILFLHQWă SHQWUX Fă
SODQWHOH DX IRVW VXE LQIOXHQЙD FkPSXULORU
SODVPDWLFH

35