Timpuri Verbale – materie examen

1. THE SIMPLE TENSE 1. TRECUT 1. Afirmativ

2. THE CONTINUOUS 2. PREZENT 2. Negativ
TENSE 3. VIITOR 3. Interogativ
3. THE PERFECT TENSE (Intrebari)
Fiecare dintre aceste timpuri verbale se va utiliza in anumite
situatii. Obiectivul acestei recapitulari este de intelege cand si de
ce trebuie sa utilizam un anumit timp verbal intr-un context
specific.

Primul pas este sa ne uitam la cuvintele cheie pe care le vom

intalni cu anumite timpuri verbale. Va recomand sa invatati aceste
cuvinte. Pe foaia de examen, puteti sublinia cuvintele. Acestea va
vor directiona catre timpul verbal corect.
 Present Simple- main uses
1. Used when referring to habitual, repetitive,
routine actions or traditions;
Key words: every + [day, week, month, year, etc.];
all the time, never, always, often, rarely,
sometimes, usually, generally;
Present
Simple
2. Used when referring to facts or general truths;
Examples: Two plus two equals four.
It rains a lot in Wales.
Water freezes at zero degrees Celsisus.

3. Used for jobs/professions

Example: -What do you do for a living?
- I work as an engineer/I am a teacher/ I sell cars
for a living.
 1. Cum identificam prezentul simplu

1. Utilizat pentru obiceiuri, Question 1: Este vorba despre o

activitate/actiune repetitiva?
rutine, activitati
Question 2: Putem identifica anumite
repetitive cuvinte care sugereaza acest lucru?

Daca raspunsul la cel putin o intrebare

este afirmativ, utilizati prezentul simplu.

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Puteti consulta lista cu adverbe de frecventa definite si nedefinite:

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adverbs-frequency.htm
 Exemple

I _____ pizza every day. (to eat) - actiune repetitiva, obicei- I eat
pizza every day.

She always _____ the bus to school (to take)- She always takes
the bus to school.
- How often ______ (to go)to the cinema?
- About once a month.
Nu uitati terminatiile
Activitate repetitiva sugerata de often (deseori); trebuie pentru persoana a 3-a
astfel sa folosim prezentul simplu la forma interogativa. singular. Acestea se
folosesc la prezentul
Ex: You go to the cinema (afirmativ), You do not go to simplu, forma afirmativa.
the cinema (negativ), Do you go to the cinema
(interogativ)- How often (cat de des) do you go to the
cinema?
 1. Simple Present

1. Utilizat pentru adevaruri universale, date factuale, lucruri bine

stiute.
Exemples:

It rains a lot in Britain. / Water freezes at 0 degrees.

Two plus two equals 4. / Water boils at 100 degrees.
Why not the Continuous tense (-ing)?

Tineti minte: In forma sa de prezent, trecut si viitor, verbul cu efect continuu (-ing) va fi utilizat
pentru a arata o actiune cu un oarecare grad de continuitate (deseori nespecificat).

In cazul in care am dori sa transformam propozitile de mai sus (din Prezent Simplu in Prezent cu
Efect Continuu), acestea nu vor mai transmite un adevar universal.

Ex: The water is boling now, so you can go ahead and put in the pasta

Aici ne referim la o actiune care are loc in momentul vorbirii (sugerata de expresia de timp –
now).
 1. Simple Present

1. Utilizat pentru a descrie profesii, meserii.

Exemple:

I am a teacher.
You are a student.
He is an engineer.
I work as a student.

What do you do for a living? What do you do for work?

I sell cars for a living.
Present Continuous- main uses
1. Used for ongoing actions happening NOW (at
the moment of speaking) or occurring in the
PRESENT moment
Key words: now, currently, at the moment, right
now, presently;
Present
Continuous
2. Used when referring to annoying habits;
Key words: always, constantly;
Ex: He is always chewing with his mouth open.

3. Used for temporary situations

Key words: at the moment, for a few (weeks,
months, years), this + interval- this week, this
month, this year, this semester
 1. Present Continuous

1. Pentru actiuni Cuvinte cheie: now (acum),

neincheiate (in currently (in prezent), at the
desfasurare) moment (in acest moment)

Primul pas: Puneti urmatoarea intrebare: Este vorba despre o activitate

in desfasurare?

Putem identifica anumite cuvinte care sugereaza acest lucru?

Daca raspunsul la cel putin una dintre intrebari este afirmativ, utilizati
prezentul continuu.

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 1. Prezentul Continuu
1. I am reading a good book at the moment.
2. I am wearing sunglasses (afirmativ)
3. I am not wearing sunglasses (negativ)
4. Am I wearing sunglasses?
5. Why are you wearing sunglasses?

In cazul structurilor de tipul dialog, daca actiunea este in desfasurare,

trebuie sa utilizati prezentul continuu.

-Where’s John?
-He’s in the bathroom. He is having a shower. [currently, at the
moment]

-What are you doing?

- I am looking for my glasses. [currently, at the moment]
 1. Present Continuous

1. Pentru situatii temporare Cuvinte cheie: at the moment, for a

sau finite few (weeks, months, years), this +
interval- this week, this month, this
year, this semester

I am learning English this semester.

Bill is working really hard at the moment because his company has
just received a big order from China.

Identificati structurile cheie ce sugereaza faptul ca actiunea este finita.

– this semester, at the moment.

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 1. Present Continuous

1. Pentru obieciuri
suparatoare/ enervante Cuvinte cheie: always, forever,
constantly

Exemple:
He is always chewing with his mouth open.
He is constantly talking in his sleep.

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 Present Perfect- main uses

1. Used to show the longevity of an action (for

how long)
Key words: Since + day, week, month, year;
For + day, week, month, year;

Present
Perfect 2. Used to describe a life experience;
Key words: ever, never
Ex: I have never been to France.
Have you ever eaten spaghetti?

3. Used for actions that happened right around the

present moment (NOW)
Key words: just (tocmai), yet (inca), recently
(recent)
Examples: Have you seen Joe recently?
I haven’t finished the book yet.
 1. Present Perfect

1. Pentru a arata de cat

Cuvinte cheie: Since + (year, month,
timp are loc actiunea- day, week), since July, for + (year
how long month, days)

Exemple:
Jack has lived in the same house for twenty years.
I have been sick all week.
I have known Andrei for two weeks.
I have listened to my teacher since 2010.

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 1. Present Perfect

1. Pentru a descrie o
experienta de viata. Cuvinte cheie: ever (vreodata), never
(niciodata)

Exemple:
I have never been to Tokyo.
Have you ever eaten pizza?
I have been to Spain twice.

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 1. Present Perfect

1. Actiuni care ‘graviteaza’

in jurul prezentului- Cuvinte cheie: just (tocmai), yet (inca),
already (deja), recently (recent)
incheiate cu putin timp
inainte sau dupa prezent.

Exemple:
I haven’t finished the book yet.
I have already finished the book.
I have recently finished the book.
I have just finished the book.

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 Past Simple- main uses
1. Used for completed actions from the past
The performing of the action is not important.
What matters is that the action was completed in
the past.
Key words: last night, yesterday, in 2003, 6 months
ago, 10 years ago
Past Simple
2. Used for describing actions in stories;
Ex: He sat down and ordered a coffee.

3. Used to describe past (finished) events in

chronological order;
Example: I woke up at 6. I brushed my teeth, took a
shower and went to the V building. After the first
seminar I drank some coffee and thought about the
post-exam holiday.
 1. Trecutul Simplu

1. Actiuni singulare,
incheiate in trecut. Cuvinte cheie: last night, yesterday, in
2003, 6 months ago, 10 years ago

Exemple:
I walked to school last night.
She went to school yesterday.
He played CS go in 2015.
John played professional football 10 years ago.

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 1. Trecutul Simplu

1. Actiuni din trecut, prezentate in ordine cronologica- deseori

utilizat cand descriem o experienta din trecut.

Exemple:
I went to school today. I drank coffee and ate biscuits. Then, I went to
the English course. – in aceste instante, vom folosi trecutul simplu
pentru a prezenta secventa actiunilor.

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 Past Continuous- main uses
1. Used to describe parallel actions that happened
in the past for a certain period of time (ongoing)
Key word: WHILE (in timp ce)
Example: I was eating pizza while she was playing
video games.
While she was playing video games, I was eating
pizza.
Past
Continuous 2. Used to describe an ongoing action from the past
that was interrupted by a singular, past action;
Key word: WHEN (cand)
Example: I was studying when she entered the
room.

3. Used to emphasize the continuity of a past

action.
Example: I was working in the garden all day
yesterday.
 1. Trecutul Continuu

1. Actiuni in desfasurare
pentru o perioada Cuvinte cheie: WHILE – in timp ce
nedefinita de timp care
au loc in paralel.

Exemple:
He was eating pizza while I was drinking beer. – ea manca pizza
(actiunea 1- in desfasurare) in timp ce el bea bere  (actiunea 2- in
desfasurare).

I was reading a novel while my mother was cooking. –ing + while + -

ing
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 1. Trecutul Continuu

1. Actiunea 1 in desfasurare
intrerupta de Actiunea 2.
Cuvinte cheie: WHEN
Actiunea 1 (forma de –
ing)
2. Actiunea 2 (forma de
trecut simplu)

Exemple:

We were driving home when the accident happened.

I was looking out of the window when the accident happened.
 1. Trecutul Continuu

1. Utilizat cand punem

accentul pe durata unei
Cuvinte cheie: all day, for hours
actiuni

Exemple:

I was working in the garden all day.

He was talking for hours about Donald Trump.
 1. Trecutul Continuu

1. Utilizat pentru obiceiuri

din trecut (care nu mai au loc Cuvinte cheie: always, forever,
in prezent) constantly, at the time, in those days.

Exemple:

She was constantly singing.

He was always eating burgers.
 Past Perfect- main uses
1. Used to show the order of two past events.
The Past Perfect shows the earlier action.
The Past Simple shows the later action.
Key word: WHEN
Example: When the police arrived, the thief had
escaped. (firstly, the thief escapes; secondly- the
police arrives);
For the Past Perfect to work, you need two past
events.
Past Perfect

2. Used to describe an action that finished before a

2nd action.
Example: When we arrived the film had started.

3. Used to show the time distance between two

past timelines.
Example: I had known her for 20 years before she
moved to another country.
 1. Trecutul Perfect

De cele mai multe ori, pentru a forma trecutul perfect (past perfect)
vom avea nevoie de 2 verbe: actiunea care este cea mai indepartata
de prezent va lua forma de trecut perfect (cu auxiliarul had+ forma de
trecut simplu sau V3 pentru verbe neregulate). Al doilea verb va lua
forma de trecut simplu. In majoritatea cazurilor, vom utiliza cuvantul
when pentru a face legatura intre cele doua actiuni.

1. Actiune incheiata inaintea unei alte actiuni din trecut:

When we arrived, the film had started.

Actiunea 1 – filmul a inceput- had started

Actiunea 2 – am ajuns la cinema- we arrived
 1. Trecutul Perfect

1. Trecutul perfect arata distanta dintre cele doua repere temporare.

Cuvinte cheie: when + trecutul simplu si for + referinta temporala

When he graduated, he had been in London for six years.

Actiunea 1- Subiectul s-a mutat la Londra – had been

Actiunea 2:- Subiectul a terminat facultatea – when + trecutul simplu
 Future Simple- main uses
1. Used to make future predictions:

Example: Liverpool will win the Champions League.

Future 2. Used to make promises, requests, offers

Simple
Example: I will help you with your homework.
I will give you one million dollars.

3. Used to express plans and intentions.

Example: I will buy some milk.
I will travel to the United States of America.
 1. Viitorul Simplu

1. Pentru a prezice viitorul

The sun will rise at 7 am.

I think Liverpool will win the Champions League.

2. Pentru a face promisuni/ cereri/ oferte

I will help you with your homework.

I will give you one million dollars.

3. Pentru a exprima planuri/intentii:

I will buy some milk.

I will travel to the United States of America.
 1. Viitorul Continuu

1. Used to describe two overlapping actions. An action in the

future that overlaps another, shorter action or time.
2. The action in the future continuous usually starts and might
continue after the second action or time.
3. The future continuous (-ing) is used to emphasize a future
ongoing action.

Key words: When + prezentul simplu

I will be waiting when you arrive.

 1. Future perfect

1. Used to talk about something that will be completed before a

specific time in the future.
2. We always need two instances of future- the 1st one – the one that
finishes earlier- uses the future perfect form. The 2nd one, uses the
future simple form.

Example: By ten o’clock, I will have finished my homework.

First, I finish my homework- future perfect;

Key words: by + time reference, by the time, when + present simple.

When we get married, I’ll have known Robert for four years.
 1. Viitorul perfect

1. Pentru a descrie distanta dintre 2 repere temporale

When we get married, I’ll have known Robert for four years.

Se utilizeaza cu when + prezent simplu, for + referinta temporala.

2. Pentru a descrie o actiune finalizata inaintea unei alte actiuni

din viitor.

By 10 o’clock, I will have finished my homework.

Se foloseste cu expresia by – by three o’clock, by Friday sau by the

time (pana cand) + prezent simplu

By the time he gets here, we will have finished the whole bottle.