Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
PERMUT
Prezentarea noiunilor
teoretice
Definiie:
:{1,2,.,n}
{1,2,.,n}
Se noteaz:
Ex:
2.......... .n
1
:{1,2,3} {1,2,3} cu
1 2 3
=
2 3 1
(1)=2, (2)=3,
(3)=1
1 2...........n
e=
card Sn =n!
Transpoziii
1 2... j...i.....n
(i,j)
Compunerea permutrilor
( )(k)=
Exemplu:
( (k))
1 2 3 4
=
4 1 2 3
1 2 3 4
=
4
1
2
3
1 2 3 4
3
1
4
2
1 2 3 4
=
3 1 4 2
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
=
2 4 3 1
3 1 4 2
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
4
1
2
3
2
3
1
4
( ) = ( ) =
e = e =
s avem
() ar fi
Exemplu:
1 2 3 4 5
5 3 1 2 4
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
5
3
1
2
4
3 4 2 5 1
1=
1 2 3 4 5
=
3
4
2
5
1
1 2 3 4 5
3
4
2
5
1
1 2 3 4 5
= 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
= 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
5 3 1 2 4
Exemplu:
= 1 2
3 4 5
5 3 1 2 4
1 2 3 4 5
1 =(1,5) = 1 3 5 2 4
2 =(2,3) 1
= 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 5 3 4
1 2 3 4 5
3 =(3,5) 2 = 1 2 3 5 4
4 =(4,5) 3 =
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2...........i.......... j.......n
1 2 3 4 5
4 5 2 1 3
1,4
2,4
1,5
2,5
( j ) (i )
=
j i
1i j n
Proprietate:
( ) =
Observaie:
1 2 3 4 5
= 5 3 1 2 4