Raspunderea Patrimonială in Dreptul Muncii

CUVNT NAINTE
Dreptul muncii reprezint, cu certitudine, cea mai dinamic i vie ramur a dreptului,
fiind interesate sfer e!tins de persane"
#uta$ile plitice, tranzi$ia de la ecnmie centralizat, la ecnmie li%er de pia$, a
determinat ela%rarea unr ni nrme &uridice, c'iar prtunitatea perfec$inrii i
(nlcuirii unra dintre ele, a creerii unr structuri cmpati%ile cu %iectivele prpuse"
Dreptul muncii cu nrmele sale &uridice este (ntr) cntinu transfrmare i adaptare
la cndi$iile sciale i ecnmice ale $rii"
Dreptul muncii este le*at, direct de activitatea persanelr, (n *eneral + acestra le
re*lementeaz activitatea prfesinal, (ncadrarea (n munc , salariile, cncediile,
mdificarea i (ncetarea raprturilr &uridice de munc"
,u% iciden$a cdului muncii intr at-t salaria$ii precum i persanele indemnizate ca
meri, (n cutarea unui lc de munc, dar i cei care se pre*tesc pentru a d%-ndii
prfesie sau meserie"
Aceast lucrare reprezint analiz de sintez structurat, pe rspunderea &uridic (n
cadrul dreptului muncii, rspunderea patrimnial este re*lementat de Cdul muncii,
fiind varietate a rspunderii civile cntractuale, cu particularit$iile determinate de
specificul raprturilr &uridice de munc"

Autorul lucrrii

1
CUPRINS
CAPITOLUL I : RSPUNDEREA PATRIMONIAL_______________________4
1.1 Noiuni introductiv_________________________________________________4
1.! A"#$n$ri %ntr c& dou$ r'&#nt$ri_________________________________(
1.) Do"*iri %ntr +o"tu& cod ,i -ctu-&u& cod -& #uncii_________________________.
1.4 R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui +-$ d "-&-ri-i__________________1!
1.1 R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - "-&-ri-i&or +-$ d -n'-0-tor___________________!2
1.1.1 O*&i'-i- d r"tituir - "-&-ri-tu&ui__________________________________!.
CAPITOLUL II : CONDI3IILE RSPUNDERII PATRIMONIALE____________!4
!.1 Condiii& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&____________________________________!4
!.! Condiii& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& -& "-&-ri-tu&ui________________________)2
!.) Condiii& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& -& -n'-0-toru&ui +-$ d /r"o-n-
-n'-0-t$____________________________________________________________)(
!.4 Tr$"$turi& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&___________________________________)5
CAPITOLUL III : 6ORMELE RSPUNDERII PATRIMONIALE ____________)4
).1 R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ ,i +or#& "-&_______________________________)4
).! R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ ,i -&t +or# d r$"/undr 0uridic$______________4)
CAPITOLUL I7 :
CAU8E CARE E9ONEREA8 DE RSPUNDEREA PATRIMONIAL_______45
4.1 E:cut-r- uni o*&i'-ii &'-& "-u cont-ctu-& ;ordinu& d "rviciu ,i r"/ctiv
-cordu& -'-0-toru&ui <__________________________________________________45
4.! St-r- d nc"it-t________________________________________________44
4.) Ri"cu& nor#-& -& "viciu&ui__________________________________________12
4.4 C-=u& +ortuit ,i +or- #-0or$__________________________________________12
!
CAPITOLUL 7:
RSPUNDEREA PATRIMONIAL A UNIT3II 6A3 DE SALARIA3I_____1!
1.1 N-tur- 0uridic$ - r$"/undrii unt$ii___________________________________1!
1.! Condiii& r$"/undrii unit$ii________________________________________1)
1.) C-=uri& %n c-r unit-t r$"/und /-tri#oni-&____________________________1)
1.4 R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - unit$ii /ntru /r0udicii& c-u=-t -n'-0-i&or
/rin -ccidnt d #unc$ ,i *o&i /ro+"ion-&________________________________14
CONCLU8II________________________________________________________1(
>I>LIO?RA6IE_____________________________________________________15

CAPITOLUL 1
)

RSPUNDEREA PATRIMONIAL
1.1 NO3IUNI INTRODUCTI7E
@n "i"t#u& dr/tu&uiA tr#nu& dBr$"/undrB- c$/$t-t o "#ni+ic-i do"*it$ d
c- din &i#*-0u& o*i,nuitA ,i -nu#: vidni-=$ con"cin& n'-tivA "urvnit %n
c-=u& co#itrii unor +-/t i&'-& d c$tr o /r"o-n$ +i=ic$ "-u o /r"o-n$ 0uridic$.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ %n dr/tu& #uncii -r c- t#i &'-& contr-ctu& individu-& d
#unc$ ,i " %nt#i-=$ / nor#& ,i /rinci/ii& r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&.
A"t+&A r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ %n dr/tu& #uncii "t c-r-ctri=-t$ /rin
ur#$to-r& tr$"$turi c-r o individu-&i=-=$ +-$ d r$"/undr- civi&$ contr-ctu-&$A
c-r " r'$""c -tCt %n c-=u& r$"/undrii "-&-ri-tu&ui cCt ,i - -n'-0-toru&ui:
-. "t o r$"/undr "/ci-&$A " /o-t -n'-0- nu#-i %n #$"ur- %n c-r -utoru&
+-/ti "t %nc-dr-t %n #unc$ %n *-=- unui contr-ct individu-& d #unc$D
*. "t o r$"/undr int'r-&$A %n "n"u& c$ /r"o-n- "-ncion-t$ "t o*&i'-t$ "$
r/-r -tCt /r0udiciu& +ctiv ,i -ctu-&A cCt ,i c& nr-&i=-tD
c. "t o r$"/undr &i#it-t$ "u* -"/ctu& :cut$rii "i&itA +ctuCnduE" nu#-i
-"u/r- uni /$ri din "-&-riuD
d. -r c- t#i vinov$i- c&ui %n c-u=$A %ntrucCt -n'-0-r- r$"/undrii " +-c
/ntru /r0udiciu& "u+rit din cu&/- -n'-0-toru&uiA "-u /ntru /-'u*& /rodu"
-n'-0-toru&ui din vin- "-&-ri-i&or ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- &orD
. "t o r$"/undr individu-&$A :c&u=CndA %n /rinci/iuA "o&id-rit-t-. @n c-=u& %n
c-r /r0udiciu& - +o"t /rodu" d #-i #u&i "-&-ri-iA d-r nu " /o-t "t-*i&i
/ro/ori- %n c-r - contri*uit +ic-r &- /roducr- -c"tui-A r$"/undr-
/-tri#oni-&$ " "t-*i&,t /ro/orion-& cu "-&-riu& "$u nt d &- d-t- con"t-t$rii
4
/-'u*i ,i A -tunci cCnd "t c-=u& A %n +unci d ti#/u& &ucr-t +ctiv d &-
u&ti#u& invnt-rA %n "itu-i- c&or c-r -u c-&it-t- d '"tion-riD
+. rcu/r-r- /r0udiciu&ui c-u=-t " +-cA d r'u&$A /rin cFiv-&nt *$n"cD
'. "t 'uvrn-t$ d nor# &'-& i#/r-tiv.
P /-rcur"u& dru&$rii contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$ " /o-t %ntC#/&- c- un- din
/$ri "$ /rovo-c un /r0udiciu c&i&-&t n$"cCnduE" -"t+& o*&i'-i- d - r/-r-
/-'u*- /rodu"$. O*&i'-i& d r/-r-r - /r0udiciu&ui /rcu# ,i /rocdur- d ur#-t
/o-rt$ dnu#ir- d r$"/undr /-tri#oni-&$.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ %n&$tur$ vcF- +or#$ d r$"/undr;#-tri-&$< r$#CnCnd
%n"$ o co#/onnt$ - in"tituii 0uridic A +iind o v-rit-t - r$"/undrii civi&
contr-ctu-&A -vCnd /-rticu&-rit$i "/ci+ic r-/orturi&or 0uridic d #unc$.@n /ri#u&
rCnd A /ri- nor#& ,i /rinci/ii& r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A i-r %n -& doi&- rCnd
cu/rind dro'$ri d &- +or#- r$"/undrii 0u"ti+ic-t cu /rivir &- "t-tutu& "-&-ri-i&orA
i,i -r i=voru& %n contr-ctu& co&ctiv d #unc$.
Ar un c-r-ctr r/-r-tor dorc "t o "-nciun "/ci+ic$ c-r intrvin /ntru
"$vCr,ir- uni +-/t i&icit c-u=-to-r d /r0udiciiA %n :cut-r- unui contr-ct.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ "t un- r/-r-toriA /rcu# %n #-tri- r$"/undrii civi&
;contr-ctu-& "-u d&ictu-&<.
1.! ASEMNRI @NTRE CELE DOU RE?LEMENTRII
1
@n "itu-i- %n c-r un "-&-ri-t "$vCr,,t din cu&/- "-A o +-/t$ i&icit$ c-r /r0udici-=$
-n'-0-toru&A %n :cut-r- contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$ " -ntrn-=$ r$"/undr-
/ri#u&ui +-$ d c& dE-& doi&- /ntru r/-r-r- /r0udiciu&ui %n c-u=$.
In"titui- r$"/undrii "-&-ri-tu&ui /ntru /r0udicii -du" -n'-0-toru&ui %n &'$tur$ cu
#unc- "t +und-#nt-& di+rit tr-t-t$ r'&#nt-r- -ctu-&$ +-$ d c- -ntrio-r$.
Sdiu& -ctu-& -& #-trii r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& " r'$",t %n -rt. !(4E-rt. !51
1
din
Codu& #unciiA c-r tr-t-=$A conco#itntA -tCt r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ -
-n'-0-toru&ui +-$ d "-&-ri-tA cCt ,i r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - "-&-ri-tu&ui +-$ d
-n'-0-tor.
CFi-r d-c$ :i"t$ do"*iri "ni-& %ntr c& dou$ +or# d r$"/undrA dintr c-r
"u/r-viui,t nu#-i c- civi&$A c- ur#-r - -"i#i&$ri dr/tu&ui #unciiA cu dr/tu&
civi& %n #-tri- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&A cu -nu#it corcii #nion-tA +-/t c-r
/roduc o dc$dr - -n'-0-toru&ui din /o=ii- "- ,i o -,=-r / -c&-,i niv& -
/$ri&or r-/ortu&ui 0uridic d #unc$A :i"t$ ,i -"#$n$ri %ntr r'&#nt$ri& vcFiu&ui
cod ,i -ctu-&u&ui Cod -& #uncii.
Punr- %n :cut-rA /otrivit &'iA tit&u&ui c-r d$ dr/tu& -n'-0-toru&ui &- rcu/r-r-
/r0udiciu&ui "t &i#it-t$ %n v-ri-nt- /o/riri din "-&-riu d /&-+onu& d 1G) din "-&-riu&
ntA +$r$ c- %#/run$ cu c&&-&t rinri -& "-&-ri-tu&ui "$ d/$,-"c$ 1G! din -c"t-.
Nu " r'$",t %n nici o r'&#nt-r dr/tu& -n'-0-toru&ui &- d-un ,iA dciA nici
o*&i'-i- cor&-tiv$A -,- %ncCt "u*&ini# c$ "-&-ri-tu& r$"/und nu#-i /ntru
/r0udici& #-tri-&. A#*& r'&#nt$ri cu/rind c&-u= d :onr-rA c-r "unt
r&-tiv "i#i&-r ,i /riv"c +or- #-0or$;c-u=- 'nr-&$ d :onr-r d r$"/undr<A
c-u=& n/rv$=ut ,i in"ur#ont-*i&A /rcu# ,i /irdri& tFno&o'ic.
@n c-= d co/-rtici/-r &- /roducr- unui /r0udiciuA r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ r-
%ntotd-un- ;#-i /uin %n c-=u& '"tion-ri&or< ,i d-c$ nu " "t-*i&- /-rt- d cu&/$ -
+ic$rui "-&-ri-tE r$"/undr- o/r- /otrivit /rinci/iu&ui /ro/orion-&it$ii r"/ctiv
+ic-r "-&-ri-t -co/r- /-'u*- /ro/orion-& cu "-&-riu& "$u nt d &- d-t- con"t-t$riiA
i-r d-c$ r- %n di"cui r$"/undr- '"tion-ri&orE " &u- %n c-&cu& ,i ti#/u& &ucr-t
-ntrior /roducrii +-/ti /r0udici-*i&A -"/ct r'$"it ,i %n nou& Cod -& #uncii.
1
A " vd- L'- 1)G !22)A /u*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#Cnii din 21.2!.!22)
(
Su*ro'-r- contr-v-&orii %n :/r"i *$n-"c$ - *unu&ui /ri#it in #od n0u"ti+ic-tA
d-c$ *unu& nu #-i :i"t$ "-u - +o"t %n"tr$in-t unui tr d *un$Ecrdin$A "t o
c-r-ctri"tic$ - -#*&or coduri. R$"/undr- civi&$ -"t+& /r=nt-t$A cu -nu#it
c-r-ctri"ticiA /o-t +i dnu#it$A /ntru di"tinci d dr/tu& co#unA cFi-r d-c$
o-rcu# critic-*i& c- -"ocirA r$"/undr- civi&$ d dr/tu& #uncii.
A,-d-rA r$"/undr- civi&$ d dr/tu& #uncii /r=int$ o "ri d c-r-ctri"tici c-r
/roduc +ct "/ci+icA c-r vor +i /r=nt-t u&trior.
Ac-"t- " /trc- %n id- c$ or'-ni=-r- "oci-&E0uridic$ d -tunci i#/&ic- o
r$"/undr -*"o&ut$ - c&ui vinov-t d -+ct-r- n'-tiv$ - /-tri#oniu&ui
-n'-0-toru&uiA -dic$E %n d+initivE - /o/oru&ui /ro/it-r co#un ,i 'nr-&A -,- %ncCt o
&i#it-r %n ti#/ /r"u/un- o in+ir#-r - ido&o'ii / c-r " +ond- "ocit-t /u*&ic$
d &- #o#ntu& r"/ctiv.
D /i&d$A " /o-t c- o -"t+& d /rvdr "$ /r=int ,i rvr"u& "$uA -c&- c$
"-&-ri-ii cu +unci d conducr "$ +i rticni %n &u-r- unor #$"uri di"ci/&in-rA
d-c$ nu cFi-r "$ "c-#ot= un& "itu-ii d r$"/undr di"ci/&in-r$ - "-&-ri-i&orA
/ntru *unu& #otiv c$ -c,ti- "unt /-"i*i&i d o r"/o"-*i&i=-r %n c-=u& %n c-r
"-&-ri-tu& "-ncion-t o*in cC,ti' d c-u=$ %n ur#- cont"t-ii %#/otriv- -ctu&ui d
"-ncion-r. 6iindA %n +-/tA un contr-ct uni&-tr-&A %n condii& dr/tu&ui co#unA i-r nu
-& Codu&ui #uncii din -c- vr#.
Ur#-=$ c$ /$ri& "unt '-& -tCt &- %ncFir- contr-ctu&uiA d-r ,i %n "itu-i-
r$"/undrii %nt#i-t / contr-ctu& d #unc$.
1.) DEOSE>IRI @NTRE 6OSTUL COD HI ACTUALUL COD AL MUNCII
5
Princi/-&& do"*iri dintr c& dou$ r'&#nt$ri; +o"tu& ,i -ctu-&u& Cod -& #uncii<
r=id$ %n ur#$to-r& -"/ct.
D-c$ vcFiu& Cod in"titui- o +or#$ "/ci-&$ d r$"/undrA r$"/undr- #-tri-&$A
-ctu-&u& Cod &i#in$ -c"t ti/ d r$"/undrA %n +-vo-r- dr/tu&ui co#unA -dic$ %n
condiii& &'ii civi&A %n /rinci/-& -& Codu&ui civi&.
R$"/undr- #-tri-&$ vi=-A c- %ntindrA nu#-i /r0udiciu& +ctiv;damnum emer*ens.
nu ,i cC,ti'u& nr-&i=-t; lucrum cessans. A #-i /uin %n "itu-i- %n c-r +-/t-
"-&-ri-tu&ui %n :cut-r- contr-ctu&ui d #unc$ con"titui- in+r-ciunA %n vr# c
r$"/undr- civi&$ contr-ctu-&$A -/&ic-*i&$ -cu# "-&-ri-i&or A cu/rind -tCt /r0udiciu&
+ctivA cCt ,i cC,ti'u& nr-&i=-t -& -n'-0-toru&uiA cFi-r d-c$ +-/t- -r ,i r&v-n$
/n-&$.
R$"/undr- #-tri-&$ " /ut- "t-*i&ii nu#-i /rin #itr- unor dci=ii d i#/ut-r
"-u /rin d-r-G&u-r- unui -n'-0-#nt d /&-t$A nu ,i /rin -ciun- %n in"t-n$ - c&ui
/rtin" vinov-tA / cCnd r$"/undr- civi&$ -r c- in"tru#nt nu#-i -ciun- civi&$A
-ciun- %n /rtnii %nt#i-t / contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$.
@n c-=u& r$"/undrii #-tri-& nu " /ut- /rocd- &- :cut-r "i&it$ #o*i&i-r$ "-u
i#o*i&i-r$ cCt ti#/ d*itoru& -v- c-&it-t- d "-&-ri-tA ind/dnt d -n'-0-torA "-u
cFi-r c-&it-t- d /n"ion-rA %ntrucCt tit&u " tr-n"#it- nou&ui -n'-0-torA r"/ctiv
c-"i d /n"ii &- c-r r- %nr'i"tr-t d*itoru&A /ntru continu-r- ur#$rii "/ci-&
rcu/r-toriiA %n vr# c r$"/undr- civi&$ con+r$ -n'-0-toru&ui ,i /o"i*i&it-t-
ur#$rii "i&it #o*i&i-r ,i i#o*i&i-r indi+rnt d "itu-i- %n /&-nu& r-/orturi&or d
#unc$.
Totu,i A cFi-r d-c$ %,i /roc&-#$ -/-rtnn- &- dr/tu&ui civi& %n #-tri- r$"/undrii
"-&-ri-tu&uiA nou& Cod -& #uncii dro'$ d &- -c"t-A /o-t -tunci cCnd /rvd c$
:cutr- "i&it$ - *unuri&or d*itoru&ui " /o-t /roducA nu#-i cCnd d*itoru& nu
#-i -r c-&it-t- d "-&-ri-t "-u +uncion-r /u*&icA +$r$ %n"$ c- rcu/r-r- "$ dur=
#-i #u&t d ) -ni A c- c con"tituiA %nA +-/tA o -/&ic-r &ureA continu-r - r$"/undrii
#-tri-& c-r /otrivitA "-&-ri-tu& r$"/und cu "-&-riu&A -"i"tCnd %n -c"t #odA cFi-r
d-c$ n -+&$# / t$rC#u& r$"/undrii civi&A &- o r$"/undr &i#it-t$ "-u
"cvnion-t$A %n intrv-&u& tr#nu&ui d tri -ni -#intit.
.
C- c nu ri" &i#/d din t:tu& Codu&ui nou -& #uncii "t -"/ctu& d-c$
/rio-d- d tri -niA %n c-r " t#/ori=-=$ -/&ic-r- dr/tu&ui civi& %n /rivin-
/o"i*i&it$ii d :cut-r "i&it$ /rin ur#$rir- #o*i&&or ,i i#o*i&&or "t o*&i'-tori
"-u d-c$A %n c-=u& %n c-r Idu/$ "ti#$ri& crditoru&ui;-n'-0-toru&ui< I /r0udiciu& nu
" /o-t rcu/r- %n tri -niA -vCnd %n vdr cu-ntu#u& con"idr-*i& %n r-/ort d
/&-+onu& &'-& ""i=-*i& din "-&-riu& nt &un-rA %n -c"t c-= t#/ori=-r- "t
+-cu&t-tiv$.
6-$ d c-r-ctru& -& /rvdrii vi=-tA con"idr$# c$ -/&ic-r- "t o*&i'-tori cFi-r
d-c$ rcu/r-r- co#/&t$ /rin rinr- din "-&-riu "t in+icint$ %n tri -niA cu
ur#-r- c$A indi+rnt d cu-ntu#u& rinutA " v- /rocd- ti#/ d tri -ni &- ur#$rir-
"-&-riu&uiA ,i nu#-i -/oi ,i &- ur#$rir- -&tor "u# "-u - *unuri&or #o*i& ,i i#o*i&.
@n -c"t cont:t A -,- cu# -# -ntici/-t o "itu-i o /o-t con"titui ,i c- - /n"ion$rii
d*itoru&uiA c-= %n c-r A -/&icCnd /rinci/i-& &'-A vo# con"t-t- o incFit-t /rin
-c- c$A &- /n"ion-rA d*itoru& /o-t +i :cut-t "i&it ,i -"u/r- *unuri&or cor/or-&A
#o*i& "-u i#o*i&.
C- ur#-rA %n un& c-=uri " -0un' &- /-r-do:u& Aun /n"ion-r /ntru inv-&idit-t
"-u /ntru &i#it$ d vCr"t$ ,i A dciA o /r"o-n$ cu /otni-& /roductiv "c$=utA -0un"$
-"t+& +$r$ voi- "- ;o*ictiv<A /o-t +i :cut-t "i&it %n condiii #-i dr-"tic dcCt -&
unui d*itor c-rA "-&-ri-t +iindA d /i&d$ %,i /r=int$ d#i"i- ,i c-rA dciA intr$ %n "+r-
nor#i %n di"cui -tunci cCnd vr-A dci %n #od "u*ictiv. Aici "t not-*i& c$ o -"t+&
d r$"/undr;civi&$A d-r -/&ic-t$ nr"tricion-t< o/r- ,i "u* i#/riu& vcFiu&ui Cod
-& #unciiA %n /rivin- -n'-0-i&or / *-=$ d contr-ct civi& d /r"t$ri d "rviciiA
/rcu# ,i - -d#ini"tr-tori&orA cont-*i&i&or ,i '"tion-ri&or in"tituii&or ,i -utorit$i&or
/u*&icA r'ii&or -utono# ,i co#/-nii&or n-ion-& &- c-r /-rtici/-r- "t-tu&ui r-
#-0orit-r$ ,i %n -&t c-=uriA c-r %n"$ nu & -*ord$# -ici.
Nu %n u&ti#u& rCndA %n c-dru& r$"/undrii #-tri-& :i"t$ o du*&$ condiion-r din
/r"/ctiv- tr#n&orA r"/ctiv tr#nu& d #itr - dci=ii d i#/ut-r r- d (2
d =i& d &- d-t- cCnd c& %n dr/t "$ #it$ dci=i- - &u-t &- cuno,tin$ d /roducr-
/-'u*iA +$r$ %n"$ - d/$,i ) -ni d &- d-t- /roducrii /-'u*iA %n vr# c %n c-dru&
-ctu-& rcu/r-r- /-'u*i %n tr#n "/ci-& d ) -niA cFiv-&nt cu c& 'nr-& d
4
/r"cri/iA +$r$ "$ #-i +i condiion-t$ d un tr#n d concrti=-r +or#-&$ -
d#r"u&ui rcu/r-tor.
@n r&-i- cu tr#nu& d #itr - dci=ii d i#/ut-rA "u* vcF r'&#nt-r "
-+&- ,i o r$"/undr "u*"idi-r$E n&i#it-t$ %n ti#/ ,i /riv,t "+r- "u*ictiv$ - c&ui
c-r tr*ui- "$ i- #$"ur- #itrii dci=ii ,i c-r nu - /rocd-t -"t+&A r"/ctiv -
c&ui c-rA v$=Cnd c$ /r0udiciu& nu - +o"t rcu/r-t din vin- c&ui c-r - o#i" "$ #it$
dci=i-A nu - /rocd-t &- r"/o"-*i&i=-r- -c"tui- . Actu-&u& Cod -& #uncii nu #nin
-c"t "i"t# d tr-n"#itr "ucc"iv$ d dr/t - r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& /Cn$ &-
rcu/r-r- /r0udiciu&uiA cu con"cin-A c$ r$"/undr- %nct-=$ &- /r"crir-
dr/tu&ui -n'-0-toru&ui &- -ciun %#/otriv- "-&-ri-tu&ui vinov-tA r"/ctiv d &-
n-,tr- dr/tu&ui &- -ciun- rcu/r-tori.
D-c$ /rivi# +$r$ /r0udc$i /rinci/iu& "u/"idi-rit$ii d dr/t ,i - r$"/undrii /ntru
/-'u* -du" unit$ii din vcF- r'&#nt-r o*"rv$# c$ -c"t- int'r$A -"t+&A o
r$"/undr /r"on-&$A /ntru +-/t- /ro/i - c&ui vinov-t d n&u-r- #$"urii
rcu/r-toriiA -,- %ncCt /$r- *in %nt#i-tA c-c nu - dtr#in-t &'iuitoru& nou&ui
Cod -& #uncii "$E& /ri- %n t:tu& -ctu-&. O /rvdrA %n"$ A c-r " %ncri %n -c&-,i
c-dru -& tr-n"#itrii r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&A +$r$ "$ +i "i#i&-r$ cu c- :/u"$A d-r
+iind -"oci-t$ cu -c-"t- A "t coninut$ d -rt. !(4-&in.)
!
din Codu& #unciiA c-r
tr-t-=$ d"/r o*&i'-i- /r"o-ni vinov-t d /roducr- unui /r0udiciu -du" unui
"-&-ri-t A /ntru c-r - o/r-t r$"/undr- -n'-0-toru&uiA d - -co/ri din /-tri#oniu&
/ro/iu /r0udiciu&A %n c-dru& uni -ciuni %n r'r" +or#u&-t d -n'-0-tor.
6$r$ - d=vo&t- -"/ct /rcu# tr#nu& d /r"cri/iA c-&cu&u& -c"tui-A d-c$
-ciun- %n r'r" "t o*&i'-toriA #-i cu "-#$ %n "ctoru& /riv-tA d-c$ r$"/undr-
+-$ d -n'-0-tor %n -c"t c-=uri intrvin ind/ndnt d cu&/$A -dic$ d 'r-du&
-c"ti-A i-r d-c$ -c-"t$ "itu-i /riv,t do-r / "-&-ri-ii cu +unci d conducr ori
,i / ci cu +unci d :cui "-u d-c$ -ciun- /r=int$ +-ci&it$ii& &'-& -&
con+&ict&or d #unc$;%n +or#- con+&ict&or d dr/turi< A crd# c$ o -"t+& d
/rvdr c-r :/ri#$ /rinci/iu& r'r"u&ui -n'-0-toru&ui %#/otriv- "-&-ri-tu&ui
vinov-t d &u-r- uni #$"uri c-r - -+ct-t /-tri#oni-& un -&t "-&-ri-t ,i / c-& d
!
12
con"cin$ -n'-0-toru&A "t *in vnit$ %n cont:tu& r&-i&or d #unc$ / /-&iru&
"u*ordon$rii ir-FicA d-c$ "t corct -/&ic-t$ .
Ac-"t$ r$"/undr - "-&-ri-tu&ui /ntru /r0udiciu& -co/rit d -n'-0-tor nu /riv,t
"itu-i- %n c-r -n'-0-toru& r$"/und /cuni-r;civi& "-u co#rci-&< %n -ctivit-t-"-
curnt$A ci nu#-i "itu-i- %n c-r -n'-0-toru& - r$"/un" %n c-dru& r$"/undrii
/-tri#oni-& d dr/tu& #unciiA -dic$ nu#-i /ntru "itu-i- %n c-r - r$"/un" %n +--
unui "-&-ri-t -& "$u. A&#itriA d-c$ -n'-0-toru& - r$"/un" %n +-- unui tr %n -+-r-
r-/orturi&or d #unc$ cu un "-&-ri-tA n r'$"i# / t$rC#u& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&
dirct - "-&-ri-tu&ui /ntru +-/t- "-.
P d -&t$ /-rtA rvnind &- +or#& d rcu/r-r -ntrio-rA #nion-*i& "t c$
-n'-0-#ntu& d /&-t$ nu r- du*&u condiion-tA *- cFi-rA d-c$ /rivi# :tin"A %n c-=u&
%n c-r -c"t- /rovn- d &- "-&-ri-t du/$ tr#nu& d /r"cri/iA -c"t- r- totu,i
v-&-*i&A %n"$ nu ,i c- tit&u :cutoriu.
@n +inA /rivind tr#nu& d /r"cri/i - r$"/undrii nor#- vcF cuno,t- o
di"tinci %ntr r$"/undr- /ntru /r0udiciu& #-tri-&A %n A 'nr-&A ,i /ntru
/r0udiciu& #-tri-& %n "/ci-&.
Ac-"t- din ur#$ "t cuno"cut %n &itr-tur- d "/ci-&it-t "u* "int-'#- %li*a$ie de
restituire a salariatului ,i "t %n"oit d un tr#n d /r"cri/i d 1 -n d &- d-t-
/ri#irii "u#&or "-u *unuri&or ori d cCnd - *n+ici-t d "rvicii nd-tor-t.Ac-"t$
di"ctini nu o r'$"i# %n nor#- %n vi'u-r -"t$=iA cFi-r d-c$ tr-t-#ntu& do"*it -&
tr#nu&ui d /r"cri/i - +o"t +und-#nt-tA "ocoti#A / o #-i +-ci&$ d"co/rir -
/r0udiciu&ui /rin vri+ic$ri& cont-*i& "-u / o -tni "/orit$A -"t+& dtr#in-t$A
/ntru '"tion-r- ,i ur#$rir- /-tri#oniu&ui /rin -ct d voin$ -& -n'-0-toru&ui.
Oricu#A crd# c$ ni#ic nu /o-t +i "ni-& critic-t %n &'$tur$ cu uni+ic-r-
tr#n&or d /r"cri/iA /o-t ,i /ntru c$ -c"t- "unt #-i u,or d -d#ini"tr-t.
1.4 RASPUNDEREA PATRIMONIAL A AN?AJATORULUI 6A3
DE SALARIA3I
11

Nu nu#-i "-&-ri-ii r$"/und /-tri#oni-& +-$ d -n'-0-tor %n i/ot=- %n c-r i /roduc o
/-'u*$A d-r ,i -n'-0-toru& r$"/und /-tri#oni-& +-$ d "-&-ri-i %ntrEo -t-r "itu-i.
Pntru /r0udiciu& #-tri-& "u+rit d "-&-ri-t din cu&/- -n'-0-toru&ui %n ti#/u&
%nd/&inirii o*&i'-i&or d "rviciu "-u %n &'$tur$ cu "rviciuA -c"t- "t o*&i'-t "$E&
d"/$'u*-"c$ / "-&-ri-t.
Pntru -n'-0-r- r$"/undriiA -n'-0-toru&A tr*ui "$ %nd/&in-"c$ ur#$to-r&
condiii:
1. +-/t- i&icit$ - -n'-0-toru&uiA /r"o-n$ +i=ic$ "-u %n c-=u& /r"o-ni 0uridicA +-/t-
or'-n&or d conducr "-u - -&tui "-&-ri-tA %n c-&it-t d /r"u/u" -n'-0-tD
!. /r0udiciu& #-tri-& "u+rit d "-&-ri-t A -n'-0-toru& +iind o*&i'-t "$ -co/r -tCt
/-'u*- /rodu"$ +ctivA cCt ,i *n+iciu& nr-&i=-tD
). r-/ortu& d c-u=-&it-t dintr +-/t- i&icit$ ,i /r0udiciu& "u+rit d "-&-ri-t. Cu&/-
-n'-0-toru&ui "t /r=u#-t$A d-r -c"t- -r /o"i*i&it-t- "$ dovd-"c$ +-/tu&
c$ - +o"t %#/idic-t "$E,i :cut o*&i'-ii& i=vorCt din contr-ctu& individu-&
d #unc$ /rintEo c-u=$ c-r nuEi "t i#/ut-*i&$.
Potrivit -rt.!(4 -&in.1
)
din codu& #uncii : An'-0-toru& "t o*&i'-t %n t#iu& &'ii A
-dic- - nor#&or ,i /rinci/ii&or r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-& A "$E& d"/$'u*-"c$ /
"-&-ri-t %n "itu-i- %n c-r -c"t- - "u+rit un /r0udiciu #-tri-& din cu&/-
-n'-0-toru&ui %n ti#/u& %nd/&inirii o*&i'-ii&or d "rviciu "-u %n &'$tur$ cu "rviciu.
An'-0-toru& -r o*&i'-i- /rin &' d - d- d"/$'u*iri -n'-0-tu&ui A d-c$ -c"t- -
"u+rit un /r0udiciu #-tri-& din cu&/- -n'-0-toru&ui / dur-r-t- %nd/&inirii "-rcini&or
d "rviciu ,i o*&i'-i&or con+or# +i,i /o"tu&uiA - o*&i'-ii&or d "rviciu.
An'-0-toru& c-r - /&$tit d"/$'u*ir- %,i v- /ut- rcu/r- "u#- -+rnt$ d &-
"-&-ri-tu& vinov-t d /roducr- /-'u*iA %n condii& /rv$=ut d -rt. !52-&in)
4
,i
ur#$to-r&.
)
A " vd- L'- 1)G !22)A /u*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#Cnii din 21.2!.!22)A #odi+ic-t /rin L'-
nr.!)5G!225
4
A " vd- L'- 1)G !22)A /u*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#Cnii din 21.2!.!22) cu #odi+ic$ri& -du" /rin
L'- nr.))1G!224
1!
T:tu& d &- -&in.1 - +o"t #odi+ic-t /rin L'- nr.!)5G!225 -d$u'CnduE" du/$
AA/r0udiciu& #-tri-&AA cuvint&AA "-u #or-&AA . SE- in"tituit -"t+& r$"/undr-
-n'-0-toru&ui ,i /ntru d-un #or-&.
Sunt# d -cord c$ nou- rd-ct-r "t d+ctu-"$A +iind vor*- d"/r o r$"/undr
cu#u&-tiv$ ,i nu d un- -&trn-tiv$. Corct -r +i +o"t uti&i=-r- con0ucii AA"-uG,iAA %n
&oc d con0unci- AA"-uAA.
R$"/undr- -n'-0-toru&ui o "ri d c-r-ctri"tici cu# -r +i:
Eeste cntractual dearece, av-nd izvrul (n cntractul individual de munc+
)este una raparatrie, pre&udiciul are le*tur cu serviciul, se aplic aceleai re*uli ale
rspunderii civile cntractuale"
A,- cu# - dci" in"t-- "u/r#$A "t -dv$r-t "u* i#/riu& vcFiu&ui Cod -& #uncii A
d-r "o&ui- /o-t +i v-&-*i&$ ,i %n /r=ntA %n "itu-i- %n c-r " -n'-0-=$ r$"/undr-
unit$ii +-$ d "-&-ri-t /ntru n/&-t- unor dr/turi *$n,ti cuvnitA dvin -/&ic-*i&
/rvdri& din Codu& #unciiA cu con"cin- r/-r$rii int'r-& - /r0udiciu&ui A c-r
cu/rind -tCt d"/-'u*ir- d-tor-t$A cCt ,i - uni do*Cn=i &'-& A con+or# -rt.12.. din
Codu& civi&A i-r do*Cn=i& "unt d-tor-t din =iu- crrii d cF#-r %n 0udc-t$A /
-c-"t$ d-t$ d*itoru& +iind con"idr-t /u" %n %ntCr=ir.
Do-rc cor"/und unui /rinci/iu "/ci+ic o*&i'-i&or *i&-tr-&A -,- cu# /rvd
:/r" -rt.!(4-&in)
1
din Codu& #unciiA " -r-t$ c$ : d"/$'u*iri& /&$tit d unit-t "
rcu/r-=$ d &- ci vinov-iD i-r %n condii& -rt.!52
(
,i ur#$to-r&A r$"/undr-
-n'-0-toru&ui "t r'&#nt-t$ in -c&-,i tit&u %#/run$ cu r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$
,i di"ci/&in-r$ - "-&-ri-i&or.
@n c-=u& %n c-r -n'-0-toru& r+u=$ "$ %& d"/$'u*-"c$ / "-&-ri-t A -c"t- " /o-t
-dr"- cu /&Cn'r in"t-n&or co#/tnt .
Di"/o=ii& -rt.!(4
5
din Codu& #uncii /ot +i incidnt %n nu#ro-" "itu-ii. Cu tit&u d
:#/&uA vo# #nion- cCtv- dintr &.
Unori r$"/undr- -n'-0-toru&ui "t /rv$=ut$ :/r" %n di"/o=iii& &'ii c-A d
:#/&u:
1
(
id#
5
A " vd- L'- 1)G !22)A /u*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#Cnii din 21.2!.!22) cu #odi+ic$ri& -du" /rin L'-
nr.))1G!224
1)
o*&i'-r- &ui &- d-un intr" /ntru r/-r-r- /r0udiciu&ui /rodu" "-&-ri-tu&ui
%n "itu-i- %ntCr=irii n0u"ti+ic-t - /&$ii "-&-riu&ui "-u - n/&$ii -c"tui-A
/otrivit /rvdri&or -rt.1(1 -&in4
.
din Codu& #unciiD
o*&i'-r- d - /&$ti d"/$'u*iri in c-= d -nu&-r- concdiriA di"/o=ii
cu/rin"$ %n -rt.5. -&in1
4
din Codu& #unciiA /rcu# ,i i/ot=- A /rv$=ut d
-rt.1. -&in!
12
din Codu& #unciiA d-c$ " con"t-t$ nvinov$i- /n-&$ - /r"o-ni
"u"/nd-t din +unci.
Situ-i& c& #-i d" %nt%&nit %n c-r " /un /ro*&#- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& -
-n'-0-toru&ui %n #-"ur- %n c-r - +ot /r0udici-t "-&-ri-tu& "unt ur#$to-r&:
-. N/&-t- unor dr/turi *$n,ti d-tor-t "-&-ri-tu&uiD
*. @#/idic-r- A"u* oric +or#$ A - "-&-ri-tu&ui d - #unciiD
c. R+u=u& -n'-0-toru&ui d - %n#Cn- +o"tu&ui "$u "-&-ri-t %n condiii& &'ii
c-rntu& d #unc$ ur#-t d i#/o"i*i&it-t- c&ui %n c-u=$ d - " %nc-dr-
&- un -&t -n'-0-tor.
d. Su"t-'r- cFi/-#ntu&ui d /rotci "-u d &ucru A - c&ui /r"on-& din
c-u=- n&u$rii d A #-"uri /ntru -"i'ur-r- /-=i d c-tr -n'-0-torD
. In"t-n- ""i=-t$ %#/otriv- d"+-crii contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$A
con"t-t$ c$ #$"ur- di"/u"$ d -n'-0-tor "t n&'-&$A-v%nd c- co"cin$
-nu&-r- #-"urii di"/u" d c$tr -n'-0-torA /rin rint'r-r- "-&-ri-tu&ui
in #unc$ con+or# contr-ctu&ui d #unc$ %ncFi-t ,i o*&i'-t d - -cord-
d"/$'u*iri nc"-r "-&-ri-tu&uiA d c$tr -n'-0-tor. Ac-"t$ "itu-i "t
/rv$=ut$ -rt.!(4-&in.!
11
din codu& #uncii.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui #-i /o-t +i "t-*i&it$ %n c-=uri& cCnd:
-. "-&-ri-tu&A +$r$ "$ +i concdi-tA "t %#/idic-t d - #unciiD
*. nu " i-u #$"uri cor"/un=$to-r /ntru -"i'ur-r- ,i /-=- %#*r$c$#inti
/r"on-&u&ui c-r +o&o",t cFi/-#ntu& d &ucruD
c. c- ur#-r - di"cri#in$rii &- c-r "t "u/u" A -n'-0-tu& "u+r$ un /r0udiciuD
.
id#
4
id#
12
id#
11
id#
14
d. -n'-0-toru& nu %n#Cn-=$ "-&-ri-tu&ui "-u - +o"tu&ui "-&-ri-tA %n condiii& -rt )4
-&in1
1!
din Codu& #unciiA docu#ntu&;-dvrin-< c-r "$ -t"t -ctivit-t-
d"+$,ur-t$ d -c"t-A vcFi#- %n #unc$A +unci- "-u "/ci-&it-t-A ur#-t$ d
i#/o"i*i&it-t- c&ui %n c-u=$A dtr#in-t$ d -c"t +-/t A d -" /ut- %nc-dr-
intrEo -&t$ unit-tD
. %n c-=u& %n c-r -n'-0-toru& d/$,,t tr#nu& &'-& d %n-int-r - do"-ru&ui
d /n"ion-r -& "-&-ri-tu&ui "$uA c-u=CnduEiE" -"t+& un /r0udiciuA &
r$"/und /-tri#oni-&A cu-ntu#u& d"/$'u*iri&or +iind cFiv-&nt cu /n"ii&
n%nc-"-t d -n'-0-t.
+. @n con+or#it-t cu di"/o=iii& -rt.44 din L'- nr. )14G!22( - "curit$ii ,i
"$n$t$ii %n #unc$:AA -n'-0-torii r$"/und /-tri#oni-&A /otrivit &'ii civi&A
/ntru /r0udici& c-u=-t vict#&or -ccidnt&or d #unc$ "-u *o&i&or
/ro+"ion-&A (n msura %n c-r d-un& nu "unt -co/rit int'r-& /rin
/r"t-ii& -"i'ur$ri&or "oci-& d "t-t. To-t condii& d :i"tn$ -&
r$"/undri 0uridicA c-r " r+r$ &- "-&-ri-iA " r'$""c ,i %n c-=u&
r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& - -n'-0-toru&ui.
'. Un -&t c-= d r$"/undr /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui A dcur' din %n,$,i
o*&i'-ii& -c"tui- A /rivind "curit-t ,i "$n$t-t- %n #unc$ - -n'-0-i&or.
A"i'ur-r- unor /o&itici +icint d "curit-t ,i "$n$t-t %n #unc$ r/r=int$ un
+-ctor i#/ort-nt d cr,tr cono#ic$ %n d/&in$ concord-n$ cu o*ictiv& orint-t
"/r /ro+it ,i c-&it-t -& "ocit$ii&or co#rci-&. Din /$c-t %n"$A d"ori r"tricii&
i#/u" -n'-0-tori&or /rin &'i"&-i -u :rcit-t o /r"iun -"u/r- -n'-0-tori&or ,i -u
condu" %n /r-ctic$ &- o +&:i*i&it-t %n -/rcir- cu o*ictivit-t - c-=uri&or %n c-r -u
+o"t r"/ct-t "-u din contr$ "E- i#/u" -tr-'r- -n'-0-toru&ui /ntru %nc$&c-r-
o*&i'-i&or /rivind -"i'ur-r- condiii&or d "curit-t ,i "$n$t-t - -n'-0-i&or.
@n c-=u& -ccidnt&or d #unc$A %n con+or#it-t cu di"/o=iii& L'ii nr.)14G!22(
/rivind /rotci- #unciiA d-c$ +-/t- /r0udici-*i&$ nu -r c-r-ctr /n-&A r$"/undr-
-n'-0-toru&ui "t cCr#uit$ d nor#& r$"/undrii civi&.
Ac-"t$ &' c-dru "t-*i&,t -tCt /rinci/ii& 'nr-& -/&ic-*i& cCt ,i o*&i'-i&
-n'-0-toru&ui %n -"i'ur-r- "curit$ii ,i "$n$t$ii #uncii. E:c/i d &- -/&ic-r "unt
1!
id#
11
c-=uri& %n c-r /-rticu&-rit$i& inrnt -& unor -ctivit$i "/ci+ic din "rvici&
/u*&icA cu# -r +i:
-. +or& -r#-tD /o&ii-D
*. /rcu# ,i c-=uri& d d=-"trA inund-ii ,i c& /ntru r-&i=-r- #$"uri&or d
/rotci civi&$.
@n /r=nt A din /unct d vdr &'i"&-tivA "curit-t- -n'-0-i&or ro#Cni "t
/rot0-t$ %n -c-,i #$"ur$ c- ,i c- - &ucr$tori&or uro/ni A c- ur#-r -
tr-n"/unrii %n &'i"&-i- intrn$ - /rvdri&or uro/n.
Pntru - +i -ntrn-t$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ -n'-0-toru&ui /ntru /r0udicii&
c-u=-t "-&-ri-i&or "$i A tr*ui %ntrunit cu#u&-tiv A o "ri d condiii:
1. "$ :i"t /r0udiciu& "u+rit d -n'-0-tor %n &'$tur$ cu %nd/&inir- o*&i'-ii&or
"-& d "rviciu "-u %n &'$tur$ cu "rviciu;-rt!(4
1)
din Codu& #uncii< D
!. "$ :i"t o +-/t$ i&icit$ - -n'-0-toru&uiA "t o +-/t$ - uni- "-u - #-i #u&tor
/r"o-n din co&ctivu& "$uA +iind #otivu& /ntru c-r t:tu& d &'
#nion-=$ c$ d"/$'u*iri& /&$tit d -n'-0-tor " vor rcu/r- d &- ci
vinov-i %n condii& -rt.!52
14
,i ur#$to-r& din Codu& #uncii.
). "$ :i"t un r-/ort d c-u=-&it-t i&icit$ - -n'-0-toru&ui ,i /r0udiciu& #-tri-&
"u+rit d "-&-ri-t.
4. Cu&/- "t o condii /rv$=ut$ d &'A /ntu -ntrn-r- r$"/undrii
/-tri#oni-& - -n'-0-toru&ui ,i & tr*ui "$ +-c$ dov-d- c$ nu ,iE- /utut
%nd/&inii o*&i'-ii& din r-/ortu& d #unc$A din c-u=- unor #otiv ind/dnt
d voin- "-. @n &'$tur$ cu -c"t-A /otrivit unor r'u&i d dr/t co#un %n
#-tri- r$"/undrii contr-ctu-&A d*itoru& c-r nu ,iE- %nd/&init o*&i'-i& "t
/r=u#-t %n cu&/$ +iind -/$r-t d r$"/undr nu#-i d-c$ +-c dov-d- c$ - +o"t
%#/idic-t "$ :cut /rvdri& contr-ctu&ui /rintrEo c-u=$ c nu /o-t +i
i#/ut-t$ ; - " vd -rt. 12.! ,i -rt. 12.) din Codu& civi&<.
11
6$r$ %ndoi-&$A r'u&- %,i r'$",t -/&ic-r ,i %n c- c /riv,t r$"/undr-
/-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui.
1)
A " vd- L'- 1)G !22)A /u*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#Cnii din 21.2!.!22) cu #odi+ic$ri& -du" /rin
L'- nr.))1G!224
14
id#
11
A " vd- Codu& civi& ro#Cn cu #odi+ic$ri& ,i co#/&t$ri& u&trio-r
1(
An'-0-toru& c-r cu r- crdin$ A - dtr#in-t -/&icr- #$"urii /rivind d"+-cr-
contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$ v- r$"/und /-tri#oni-&A i#*r$cCnd +or#- #-tri-&$
/rin #ic,or-r- /-tri#oniu&ui A - /&$ii unor d-un r/-r-torii. Pot r$"/und ,i
di"ci/&in-rA,iA du/- c-= A /n-&.
An'-0-toru& " /o-t +-c vinov-t Ad-c- /rintEo Fot$rCr d-t$ d in"t-nt$ ,i nu "t
/u"$ %n -/&ic-rA /rivind rint'r-r- "-&-ri-tu&ui %n unit-t. Ac"t- "u/u" #-"uri&or
/ntu /&-t- d"/$'u*iri&or / ti#/u& d &- /ronun-r- Fot$rCrii ,i /Cn$ &- :cut-r-
+ctiv$ - -c"ti-.
N-tur- 0uridic$ - r$"/undrii c&ui c -n'-0-=$ +-$ d "-&-ri-i d le*e lata -v# dE-
+-c cu o r$"/undr contr-ctu-&$ d dr/t -& #uncii. Liti'i& c-r " n-"c %n &'$tur$
cu r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui "unt &iti'ii d #unc$A cu :c/i- "itu-ii
cCnd c& c -n'-0-=$ -r +i cF#-t "$ r$"/und$ civi&-#nt %ntrEun /roc" /n-& .
SPE3 : R-/ortu& 0uridic d #unc$ :i"tnt %ntr /$ri nu - %nct-tA -,- %ncCt o*ictu&
crrii nu "t -nu&-r- uni d"+-cri n&'-& - contr-ctu&ui d #unc$ A - c$ri
co"ncin$ "$ +i o*&i'-r- -n'-0-toru&ui &- d"/$'u*ir- "-&-ri-tu&ui /ntru vntu-&u&
/r0udiciu #-tri-& cr-t /rin di"/unr- uni #-"uri n&'-&.
Totod-t$A cu# nu "E- /rocd-t &- d"+-cr- contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$A
"-&-ri-tu& nu "t %ndr/t$it nici &- /&-t- -0utoru&ui d ,o#-0.
C"A" /ucureti,s"aVII)a civil,cnflicte de munc i asi*urri sciale,
Decizia civil nr"01123din 45 fe%ruarie 6778, nepuplicat
1(
Prin crr- civi&- +or#u&-t$ &- d-t- d !. iu&i !221A rc&-#-nt- R.M. - "o&icit-t
in"t-niA in contr-cditoriu cu /Cr%t- SC D. SRL A&:-ndri-A /rin -d#ini"tr-torA
o*&i'-r- /Cr%ti &- /&-t- "-&-riu&ui / &un- iuni !221 ,i %n continu-r /Cn$ &-
/ronun-r- Fot-r%riiA d-un #or-& d !2.222.222A /rcu# ,i -cord-r- -0utoru&ui d
,o#-0. Prin crr- /rci=-to-rA +or#u&-t$ &- d-t- d !) -u'u"t !221A rc&-#-nt- -
"o&icit-t rc-&cu&-r- or&or "u/&i#nt-r /r"t-t %n /rio-d- 1 iu&i !22)E15 iu&i
!221A -cord-r- ,o#-0u&ui ,i /&-t- "-&-riu&ui /Cn$ &- d-t- /ronun$rii Fot$r%rii
0udc$tor,ti.
1(
A " vd- Luci- U$A 6&orntin- Rot-ruA Si#on- Cri"t"cuA Dr/tu& #unciiE R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A
contr-vnion-&$ ,i /n-&$A Pr-ctic$ 0udici-r$A Editur- K-#-n'iuA >ucur,ti !224.
15
Prin "ntin- civi&$ nr. 1124 /ronun-t$ &- d-t- d 14 "/t#*ri !221ATri*un-&u&
>ucur,tiA Sci- -7IIE- con+&ict d #unc$A -"i'ur$ri& "oci-&A contncio"
-d#ini"tr-tiv ,i +i"c-& - -d#i" %n /-rt -ciun- civi&$ +or#u&-t$ d rc&-#-nt$ %n
contr-cditoriu cu /CrCt- SC D.SRL ALE9ANDRIA ,i / c-& d co"cin$ - o*&i'-t
/CrCt- "$ /&$t-"c$ rc&-#-nti "u#- 1.4!4.222 &i vcFi A co#/u"$ din 11!A.. &i
RON ,i !4A11&i RON A r/r=tCnd dr/turi "-&-ri-& cuvnit ,i n%nc-"-t ,i
contr-v-&o-r- or&or "u/&i#nt-r . A &u-t -ct c$ rc&-#-nt- rnun$ &- c-/-tu& d
crr /rivin o*&i'-r- /CrCti &- /&-t- "u#i d !2.222.222 &i ROL cu tit&u d d-un
#or-& . Cu /rivir &- c-/-tu& d crr /rin c-r rc&-#-nt- "o&icit- /&-t- or&or
"u/&i#nt-r in"t-n- - -d#i" crr- ,i o*&i'$ /CrCt- &- /&-t- or&or "u/&i#nt-r.
C-&cu&u& or&or "u/&i#nt-r nu "E- +ctu-t con+or# di"/o=ii&or L'ii nr.1)G!22)A-rt.
115 ,i -rt. 1!2 -&in.;!<.
15
Cu /rivir &- c-/$tu& d crr /rin c-r rc&-#-nt- - "o&icit-t o*&i'-r- "ocit$ii
/CrCt &- -cord-r- "o#-0u&ui A in"t-n- - rtinut c- rc&-#-nti nu i "E- d"+-cut
contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$A-c"t- +iind %nc$ "-&-ri-t$A -"t+& incCt in"t-n- -
r"/in" -c"t c-/$t d crr c- +iind n+ond-t.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ "t un- r/-r-tori A /rcu# %n #-tri- r$"/undri civi&
; cont-ctu-& "-u d&ictu-&<A "-u - r$"/undri #-tri-&. E"t o v-rit-t - r$"/undrii
civi& contr-ctu-& A -v%nd /-rticu&-rit$i "/ci+ic r-/orturi&or 0uridic d #unc$.
D"/$'u*iri& /rtin" /ntru n&i*r-r- "-u &i*r-r- cu intCr=ir - c-rntu&ui d
#unc$ %,i -u i=voru& %n r-/ortu& d #unc$A i-r %ntCr=ir- %n /rd-r- c-rntu&ui d
#unc$A d-c$ -c"t- /roduc /-'u* titu&-ru&ui c-rntu&ui d #unc$A /o-t -ntrn-
r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui.
@n"$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - unit$ii /o-t +i -n'-0-t$A con+or# di"/o=ii&or
-rt.!(4-&in.1
1.
din codu& #unciiA in t#iu& nor#&or ,i /rinci/ii&or r$"/undrii civi&
contr-ctu-&A d-c$ "unt %ntrunit cu#u&-tiv to-t &#nt& r$"/undrii.
D-c$ "-&-ri-tu& nu - +$cut dov-d- unui /r0udiciu -ctu-& "-u viitorA dci "i'urA /-'u*-
c /rtind - +i r/-r-t$ -r un c-r-ctr vntu-&A i/ottic ,i &i/"it d crtitudinA %ncCt
nu /o-t 0u"ti+ic- -cord-r- d d"/$'u*iri.
15
1.
id#
1.
Dci=i- d concdir c-r nu %nd/&in,t condiii& d +or#- crut d &' c-d "u*
"-nctiun- nu&it$iiA i-r nt#nici- -ciunii %n r'r" /ro#ov-t d -n'-0-tor duc &-
n%nd/&inir- condiii&or r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&.
D"/$'u*iri& / c-r -n'-0-toru& - +o"t o*&i'-t -& /&$ti "-&-ri-tu&ui concdi-t nu "
d-tor-=$ vruni cu&/ - "-&-ri-tu&ui %n %nd/&inir- -tri*ui&or +uncii "-&A cCt ti#/
o -"#n- cu&/$ nu - +o"t "t-*i&it$ / c-&- uni Fot$rCri 0udc$tor,ti.
M$"ur- d"+-cri contr-ctu&ui d #unc$ - +o"t &u-t$ cu *un$ crdin$ d /r"o-n-
%#/otriv- c$ri- "E- %ndr/t-t -n'-0-toru&A %n con"idr-r- di"/o=iii&or &'-&
i#/r-tiv r+rito-r &- intrdici- -n'-0$rii ,i - #ntinrii %n +unci - uni /r"o-n
inco#/-ti*i& cu -c-"t$ +unci ,i /ntru c-r -vi=u& d "/ci-&it-t nu "t d-t
+-vor-*i&. @n -c-"t$ "itu-i -n'-0-toru& nu /o-t +i tr-" &- r$"/undr .
An'-0-toru& r$"/und /ntru c-&cu&u& 'r,it -& vnituri&or d co#/&t-rA - dr/turi&or
"-&-ri-& r"t-ntA d"/$'u*iri /ntru concdir n&'-&$A - ninc&udri unor "/oruri
/rv$=ut in contr-ctA crCnd un /r0udiciu "-&-ri-tu&ui /rin dov-d- ,i "-rcin- /ro*i
"t o*&i'-t d - /&$ti -c"tui- dr/turi& r"t-nt.
E:c/i- d n:cut-r /o-t +i invoc-t$ nu#-i %n c-=u& n:cut$rii cu&/-*i& -
o*&i'-ii din /-rt- c&ui&-&t contr-ct-ntA i-r nu :c/i- ,i c-r &E- %#/idic-t /
c&$&-&t "$E,i :cut o*&i'-i-. S-&-ri-tu& "t %ndr/t$it &- d"/$'u*ri /rv$=ut d
-rt.5.
14
C.#unciiA %n c-=u& n'-&it$ii ,iG"-u nt#nici- dci=ii d concdir.
Antrn-=$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui /ntru d-un #or-& ,i o*&i'-r-
-c"tui- &- r/-r-r- /r0udiciu&ui #or-& "u+rit d "-&-ri-t in ti#/u& %nd/&iniri
o*&i'-i&or d "rviciu "-u %n &'$tur$ cu "rviciu "t /o"i*i&$ nu#-i d-c$ "unt
%ntrunit cu#u&-tiv condiii& r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A inc&u"iv c& c-r
/riv"c :i"tn- +-/ti i&icit ,i - vinov$ii -n'-0-toru&uiA c c-d %n "-rcin- /ro*i.
Acord-r- d-un&or #or-&A -d#i"i*i&$ in /rinci/iuA c- ur#-r - c&-"i+ic$rii
diFoto#ic - /r0udiciu&uiA tr*ui "$E,i '$"-"c$ "u/ortu& %n /r0udiciu& #or-& "u+rit
d "-&-ri-t / /&-nu& -/rcirii "oci-& - conduiti "-u /ric/rii /ro+"ion-& -
-c"tui-.
14
id#
14
Ac-"t- /r"u/unA %n /ri#u& rCndA un /ro*-toriu -dcv-t A din c-r "$ r=u&t
:i"tn- /r0udiciu&ui #or-&A %ntindr- "- ,i 'r-vit-t- #$"urii -*u=ivA "-u c& /uin
to-t -c"t- "$ /o-t$ +i /r=u#-t.
1.1 RSPUNDERA PATRIMONIAL A SALARIA3IILOR
6A3 DE AN?AJATOR
AvCnd %n vdr r'&#nt$ri& L'ii nr.1)G!22)
!2
/otrivit c$ror- r$"/undr-
/-tri#oni-&$ - "-&-ri-i&orA /ntru /-'u*& #-tri-& /rodu" d -c,t-
-n'-0-toru&uiA "t -n'-0-t$ %n t#iu& nor#&or ,i /rinci/ii&or r$"/undrii civi&
contr-ctu-&A "t nc"-r$ o "uccint$ - &'i"&-ii %n #-tri.
Potrivit di"/o=iii&or Codu&ui civi&A contr-ctu& "t -cordu& d voin$ %ntr dou$ "-u #-i
#u&t /r"o-n "/r - con"tituti "-u "tin' %ntr dCn,ii un r-/ort 0uridicA convnii&
&'-& +$cut -vCnd /utr d &' %ntr /$ri& contr-ct-nt.
Contr-ctu& " c-r-ctri=-=$ /rin n-tur- "- *i&-tr-&$ ,i /rin +ctu& d - d- n-,tr
unor o*&i'-iiA conc/i- Codu&ui civi& -"u/r- ro&u&ui contr-ctu&ui +iind r+&ct-t$ %n
c& dou$ /rinci/ii +und-#nt-& :/ri#-t /rin -utono#i- voini contr-ctu-& ,i
con"n"u-&i"#u& contr-ctu-&.
Contr-ctu& d #unc$ "t un contr-ct "/ci-&A "u/u" uni du*& r'&#nt$ri:
-. r'&#nt-r- d dr/t co#unA c-r -"i'ur$ n-,tr- ,i v-&idit-t- "-D
*. r'&#nt-r- /rin &' "/ci-&$ c-r co#/&t-=$ "-u cFi-r #odi+ic$ nor#&
d dr/t co#un.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$; #-tri-&$<A +iind o v-ri-nt$ - r$"/undrii civi&A &#nt&
"-& d *-=$ "unt:
!2
!2
-. /r0udiciu& /-tri#oni-& :i"tnt "-u c& viitorD
*. +-/t- i&icit$ /$'u*ito-r d /r0udiciuD
c. ,i "$ :i"t un r-/ot d c-u=-&it-tA +iind &#nt "ni-& -& r$"/undrii
civi&.
R$"/undr- civi&$ contr-ctu-&$ driv$ din n:cut-r- uni o*&i'-ii / c-r
d*itoru& ,iE- -"u#-tEo. Contr-ctu& d$ n-,tr unor o*&i'-ii c-r tr*ui :cut-t cu
*un$ crdin$A n:cut-tr- %n condiii& "t-*i&it -tr$'Cnd r$"/undr- civi&$
contr-ctu-&$A c-r nu "t -&tcv- d-cCt -/&ic-r- uni "-nciuniA dorit ,i %ntrv$=ut
d /$ri &- %ncFir- contr-ctu&ui. Pro*-A condiii& ,i +ct& n:cut$rii o*&i'-ii
"unt &#nt -cc"orii -& r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A c-r o "/-r$ d
r$"/undr- civi&$ d&ictu-&$.
Condii- "ni-&$ /ntru - -tr-' r$"/undr- contr-ctu-&$ "t :i"tn- unui contr-ct
,i v-&-*i&it-t- -c"tui-A "co/u& +in-& +iind r/-r-r- /r0udiciu&ui /-tri#oni-& /rovoc-t
/r"o-ni 0uridicE-n'-0-torA "-u &ucruri&or -/-rinCnd -c"tui-.
Coninutu& contr-ctu&ui tr*ui %n&" %n "n" &-r'A nu nu#-i cu &u-r- %n con"idr-r -
c&-u=&or :/r" A ci ,i - ur#$ri&orBc cFit-t-A o*iciu& "-u &'-B& d-u o*&i'-i&or
du/$ n-tur- &orA i-r %n c-=u& contr-ctu&ui d #unc$A /ntru - o/r- r$"/undr-
/-tri#oni-&$ - c&or vinov-iA "unt /rci=-t dou$ c-=uri ,i condii& -+-rnt
o*&i'-torii. D -"#n- %n c-=u& /-'u*&or #-tri-& /rodu" -n'-0-toru&ui d c$tr
un "-&-ri-tA "t o*&i'-toriu "$ +i din vin$ ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- -n'-0-tu&ui.
Con+or# -rt. !52-&in.1
!1
din Codu& #unciiA "-&-ri-ii r$"/und /-tri#oni-&A %n t#iu&
nor#&or ,i /rinci/ii&or r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A /ntru /-'u*& #-tri-&
/rodu" -n'-0-toru&ui din vin- ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- &or.
S-&-ri-ii nu vor r$"/und d /-'u*& /rovoc-t d +or- #-0or$ "-u -&t c-u=
n/r=$=ut ,i c-r nu /ut-u +i %n&$tur-t ,i nici d /-'u*& c-r " %nc-dr=$ %n
ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&ui.
Pntru - +i -ntrn-t$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - "-&-ri-tu&ui +-$ d -n'-0-toru& "$u
tr*ui %ntrunitA cu#u&-tivA ur#$to-r& crin:
-. persana care a prdus pre&udiciu material s ai% calitatea de salariat
-& -n'-0-toru&ui /$'u*it. C-&it-t- d "-&-ri-t i=vor$,t din contr-ctu&
!1
id#
!1
individu-& d #unc$ %ncFi-t / /rio-d$ dtr#in-t$G ndtr#in-t$A
cu /ro'r-# d &ucru int'r-& "-u cu ti#/ d &ucru /-ri-&. @n -c-,i
#$"ur$ r$"/und /-tri#oni-& ,i +o,tii "-&-ri-i d-c$ "E- d"co/rit o
/-'u*$ &- -n'-0-toru& "$u du/$ %nct-r- contr-ctu&ui individu-& d
#unc$A "-u %n "itu-i- trcrii &- un -&t -n'-0-tor.
Ucnicii c-r %,i d"+$,o-r$ -ctivit-t- / *-=$ d contr-ct d ucnici &- &ocu& d
#unc$A "-&-ri-ii c-r -u %ncFi-t un contr-ct d c-&i+ic-r /ro+"ion-&$ "-u d -d-/t-r
/ro+"ion-&$A "-&-ri-ii dt-,-iA r$"/und /-tri#oni-& d-c$ -u cr-t un /r0udiciu
-n'-0-toru&ui.
R$"/undr- -d#ini"tr-tori&orA cn=ori&orA &icFid-tori&orA -i dirctori&or :cutivi -i
uni "ocit$i co#rci-& con"titui %n *-=- L'ii nr.)1G1442 #odi+ic-t$ ,i co#/&t-t$
u&triorA "-u - +uncion-ri&or /u*&iciA con+or# L'ii nr.11.G1444 #odi+ic-t$ ,i
co#/&t-t$ u&triorA "t o r$"/undr civi&$ ,i nu un- /-tri#oni-&$.
!!
%" salariatul tre%uie s fi sv-rit fapta ilicit i persnal numai (n
&'$tur$ cu %li*a$iile de serviciu. C-r-ctru& i&icit -& +-/ti " -n-&i=-=$ %n r-/ort cu
o*&i'-ii& "-&-ri-tu&ui c dcur' din r-/ortu& d #unc$ ,i concrti=-t /rin contr-ctu&
individu-& d #unc$. An'-0-toru& -r "-rcin- d - dovdi c$ -tCt c-&it-t- d "-&-ri-t
cCt ,i +-/tu& c$ -c"t- nu - %nd/&init "-u - %nd/&init cor"/u=$tor "-rcini& d
"rviciu.
c" , e!iste un pre&udiciu cauzat patrimniului an*a&atrului de ctre
salariatul su pentru fapta ilicit"
Eti#o&o'icA tr#nu& d L/r0udiciuB vin din &-tin"cu& 9prae&udicium:" E& /o-t
-v- dou$ %n&"uri. A"t+&A /ornid d &- :/r"i- +o&o"it$ d Codu& civi& d
9dezdunare:E-rtA125)A1251A1(5) -r "n"u& d d"/$'u*irA -,- cu# o*"rv$# ,i in
Codu& civi& nou &- -rtco&& 1)12A1)15A1).1A d-r drivCnd din Ldamnum in&ura datumB
din dr/tu& ro#-n c-r %n"-#n$ /-'u*$.
Dci din /unct d vdr ti#o&o'ic ,i &itr-rA /r0udiciu& %n"-#n$ /-'u*$ "-u d-un$A
/ cCnd d"/$'u*ir- "#ni+ic$ v-&o-r- d -co/rirA d %n&ocuirA - /-'u*i.
!!
A " vd- Ht+-n >&i'r$d-nuA Dro'$ri d &- dr/tu& co#un -& #uncii cu/rin" %n L'- nr.)1G1442 /rivind
"ocit$i& co#rci-&A %n LDr/tu&B nr.4E1!G1442A/.)!,i ur#. DIon Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA o/.cit. A !225 /. 4.1,i ur#.
!!
A,-d-rA "n"u& corct c-r tr*ui uti&i=-t %n do#niu& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& "t
c& d /-'u*$A d-un$ ,i nu d d"/$'u*ir.
Prin ur#-rA coninutu& /r0udiciu&ui intr$ -tCt /-'u*- +ctiv$ cCt ,i d+icitu&
nr-&i=-t. In:i"tn- /r0udiciu&ui "-u i#/o"i*i&it-t- dovdiri &ui conduc &-
:onr-r- d r$"/undr - c&ui %n c-u=$.
Pr0udiciu& r/r=int$ o #odi+ic-r - /-tri#oniu&ui -n'-0-toru&ui din c-u=- +-/ti
i&icit - "-&-ri-tu&ui /rin c-r " /roducA +i o di#inu-r - -vutu&uiA +i o cr,tr -
/-tri#oniu&ui.7-&o-r- /r0udiciu&ui v- cu/rind -tCt /r0udiciu +ctivA cCt ,i
*n+iciu& nr-&i=-t.
!)
Pntru - -tr-' r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A /r0udiciu& tr*ui "$ %ntrun-"c$A
cu#u&-tivA un& crin A -dic$ c-r-ctr.
CA3ACTE3E;E <3E=UDICIU;UI
1. <re&udiciul tre%uie s fie real i cert.Ev-&u-r- /-'u*i tr*ui "$ " "t-*i&-"c$
/ *-=- unor d-t cono#ic concrtA "-&-ri-tu& n/utCnd r$"/und /ntru
%n&ocuir- v-&ori&or +ctiv /irdut din /-tri#oniu& -n'-0-toru&ui
!4
. Cu /rivir
&- c-r-tru& r-& -& /r0udiciu&uiA %n /-ctic- 0uridic$ "E- "t-*i&it c$
!1
vntu-&-
or'-ni=-r d+ctu-"$ - -ctivit$ii d vidn$ nu "tA /rin - %n"$,iA c-u=-to-r
d /r0udiciu -tCt- vr# cCt *unuri& -u +o"t /ri#itA ci /o-t -n'-0-A vntu-&A
do-r r$"/undr- di"ci/&in-r$ - "-&-ri-tu&ui. E"t r-& cCnd v-&ur- /-'u*iA
-dic$ intindr- d"/$'u*irii A " "t-*i&,t / *-=- unor d-t cono#ic crtA
/rci" dtr#in-t v-&oricA i-r cu-ntu#u& /-'u*i "$ r=u&t n%ndoi&nic din
/ro*& -d#ini"tr-t d -n'-0-toru& /$'u*it.
Pntru c- /r0udiciu& "$ +i crt A "t nc"-r c- -c"t- "$ +i "i'urA -tCt %n c /riv,t
:i"tn- "- cCt ,i %n c /riv,t /o"i*i&it-t- d - +i v-&u-t. Crin- crtitudinii "t
%nd/&init$ %n"$A d-c$ /r0udiciu& nu "t #-t#-tic dtr#in-t A +iind "u+icint c-
-c"t- "$ +i dtr#in-*i&
!(
.
!)
A " vd-A Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA o/. Cit. .!225 /..4..
!4
A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Tratat de dreptul muncii, Editur- Univr"u& 0uridicA >ucur,tiA!224 /..1.
!1
Curt- d A/& >r-,ovA dci=i- civi&$ nr.1GR144(
!(
D-ci-n- E&n- S%n'or=-nA 3spunderea cntractual (n materie civil i cmercial, Editur- K-#-n'iuA !224A /.)2
!)
Pr0udici& viito-r ,i vntu-& nu %nd/&in"c crin- d - +i crt A do-rc
/roducr- &or nu "t "i'ur$.
!5
!. <re&udiciul tre%uie s fie direct. -dic$ /r0udiciu& "$ +i c-u=-t dirct
-n'-0-toru&uiA /rodu" +i /rintEo +-/t$ i&icit$ r+rito-r &- :cut-r-
contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$A +i indirctA %n c-&it-t d co#itnt -&
-n'-0-toru&uiA "itu-i %n c-r -n'-0-toru& "t inut "$E& d"/$'u*-"c$ / un
vntu-& trA ur#Cnd rcu/r-r- /-'u*i d &- "-&-ri-tu& "$u / c-&- uni
-ciuni %n r'r"D
@ntrEo -"t+& d "itu-i /ot intrvni ur#$to-r& i/ot=:
-. D-c$ %ntr unit-t ,i tr - :i"t-t un contr-ctA unit-t r$"/und +-$ d
tru& /r0udici-t %n *-=- r$"/undrii contr-ctu-& civi&A %n ti#/ c
"-&-ri-tu& vinov-t r$"/undA +-$ d unit-t -& c$rui -n'-0-#nt "t
/otrivit Codu&ui #unciiA cu :c/i- c-=u&ui cCnd +-/t- c-r - dtr#in-t
n%nd/&inir- o*&i'-i&or contr-ctu-& con"titui o in+r-ciun.
*. D-c$ %ntr c& dou$ unit$i :i"t$ r-/orturi contr-ctu-& ;civi& "-u
co#rci-&< A i-r "-&-ri-tu& - +o"t d&'-t %n :cut-t- -c&ui cont-ct A
unit-t- /$'u*it$ o -cion-=$ / /ri#- e! cntractu A c-rA &- rCndu& iA
introduc o -ciun d r'r"A con+or#A Codu&ui #unciiA %#/otriv-
"-&-ri-tu&ui.
). <re&udiciul s fie materialA -vCnd %n vdr -rt. !52 -&in.1
!.
din Codu&
#uncii %n c-r " /rci=-=$ c$ "-&-ri-ii r$"/und /-tri#oni-& din vin- ,i %n &'$tur$ cu
#unc- &or /ntru /-'u*& /rodu" -n'-0-toru&ui.
D-t& cono#ic &u-t %n c-&cu& &- v-&u-r- /r0udiciu&ui " +-c du/$ /ruri& &- =i.
A"t+& A %n c-dru& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&A %n /rinci/iuA nu " /ot /rtind daune
mrale. D -"t+&A -c"t- "unt con"cin- unui /r0udiciu #or-& ,i nu - unui- #-tri-&.
I-r -cord-r- &or " cuvin do-r %n c-dru& r$"/undrii civi& d&ictu-&A %n condiii&
-rt.44.E444 din Codu& civi&A /rcu# ,i %n condiii& unor -ct nor#-tiv "/ci-&
!4
!5
D-ci-n- E&n- S%n'or=-nA o/. cit.A /.)1
!.
!4
A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Tratat de dreptul munciiA /. .14
!4
C- -t-rA rcu/r-r- /r0udiciu&ui tr*ui +-cut$ %n n-tur$A i-r d-c$ -c"t- nu "t
/o"i*i&$A r/-r-r- " v- +-c /rin cFiv-&ntA /rin /&-t- unor d"/$'u*iri *$n,ti
-ctu-&i=-t$ &- indic& d in+&-i.
AvCnd %n vdr crin- &'iiB /-'u* #-tri-&B %n c-dru& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& nu
" /ot /rtind d-un #or-&.
). <re&udiciul s nu fi fst reparat &- d-t- &- c-r -n'-0-toru& "o&icit$ -co/rir-
/-'u*iA +i dirct d "-&-ri-tA +i d "ocit-t- d -"i'ur$ri ordon-t$ d
-n'-0-torD
4. , e!iste un raprt de cuzalitate (ntre fapta ilicit a salariatului i pre&udiciul
cauzat an*a&atrului "A,- cu# /rci=-=$ &itr-tur- d "/ci-&it-tA
)2
c- "$ :i"t
r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A /r0udiciu& r-&i=-t %n /-tri#oniu& -n'-0-toru&ui
tr*ui "$ +i +ctu& +-/ti i&icit "$vCr,it$ d "-&-ri-t %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- "-D
>", e!iste culpa, adic vinv$ia salariatului" 7inov$i- con"t$ %n -titudin-
/"iFic$ - "-&-ri-tu&uiA +-$ d +-/t- "- ,i d con"cin& i /$'u*ito-r ,i /r"u/un
-tCt di"crn$#Cntu& -utoru&uiA c-/-cit-t- "- d -E,i r/r=nt- &'$tur- dintr +-/t$
,i r=u&t-tu& -nti"oci-& -& -c"ti-A cCt ,i voin- &i*r$A nCn'r$dit$A %n d"+$,ur-r-
conduiti "-&. Cu&/- "t totd-un- individu-&$An/utCnd :i"t- o cu&/$ co#un$
%ntr "-&-ri-iA tr*ui "t-*i&it$ %n #od concrtA d &- c-= &- c-=A -& tuturor +-ctori&or
o*ictivi ,i "u*ictiviA /rin &u-r- %n con"idr-r - tuturor %#/r0ur$ri&or %n c-r "E-
/rodu" +-/tu& d$un$torA i-r "-rcin- dovdirii cu&/i rvin -n'-0-toru&ui.
A,- cu# -# #-i /rci=-tA -rt.!52 -&in.!
)1
din Codu& #uncii A /rvd c$ "-&-ri-ii nu
r$"/und d /-'u*& /rovoc-t d +or- #-0or$ "-u d -&t c-u= n/rv$=ut ,i c-r
nu /ut-u +i %n&$tur-t ,i nici d /-'u*& c-r " %nc-dr-=$ %n ri"cu& nor#-& -&
"rviciu&ui.
Con+or# /rci=$rii d-t d Codu& #uncii %n -c-"t$ /rivin$A "-&-ri-ii c-r -u /rodu"
un /r0udiciu /rin +-/t- &or /r"on-&$ %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- &orA nu r$"/und
/-tri#oni-&A d-c$ - intrvnit un- din ur#$to-r&- c-u=:
)2
A " vd- S-nd- ?Fi#/uA I. T. Ht+$n"cuA H. >&'r$d-nuA ?F. MoF-nuA o/. Cit. A 1454. /. 11)D S-nd- ?Fi#/uA
A&:-ndru 3ic&-A o/. Cit.A 1441A /.(!)
)1
id#
!1
-. +or- #-0or$ ,i c-=u& +ortuit. A,- cu# -# -r-t$ -rt.!52 -&in.!
)!
din Codu&
#unciiA "-&-ri-ii nu r$"/und d /-'u*& /rovoc-t d +or- #-0or$ "-u
d -&t c-u= c-r nu /ut-u +i %n&$tur-tA -dic$ ,i d c-=u& +ortuit.
6or- #-0or$ "t %n c-=u& %n c-r %#/r0ur-r- c-r - intrvnit ,i - dtr#in-t +-/t-
/$'u*ito-rr- ,i i#/o"i*i& d %n&$tur-t. C-=u& +ortuit intrvin din c-u=- unor
%#/r0ur$ri i#/rvi=i*i& c-r "$ dtr#in %n r-/ort cu /r'$tir- ,i cuno,tin&
/ro+"ion-& "/ci+ic uni /r"o-n /otrivit +uncii "-u /o"tu&ui "$uD
*. "t-r- d nc"it-tA intrvin %n "itu-i- %n c-r "-&-ri-tu& - "$vCr,it +-/t-
/ntru - "-&v- d &- un /rico& i#inntA c-r nu /ut- +i in&$tur-t -"t+&A
vi--A int'rit-t- cor/or-&$ ori "$n$t-t- "-A - -&tui- "-u un *un i#/ort-nt
-& "$u ori -& -&tui-A ori %n intr" /u*&icD
c. :cut-r- unui ordin &'-& d "rviciu. 6iind vor*- d o "u*ordon-r -
"-&-ri-tu&uiA -c"t- v- tr*ui "$ :cut ordini& &'-& d-t d ,+i
ir-Fici -i -c"tui-. D-c$ %n"$A & :cut$ un ordin v$dit i&'-&A -c"t- v-
r$"/und /-tri#oni-& "-uA du/$ c-= di"ci/&in-rD
d. -cordu& unit$ii. @n -c-"t$ "itu-i %n c-r -n'-0-toru&A /rin or'-n& "-&
ir-Fic "u/rio-rA -utori=-=$ un "-&-ri-t "$ /rocd= &- -ciuni c-r -u
c- +ct di#inu-r- /-tri#oniu&uiA -c& "-&-ri-t "t :onr-t d
r$"/undr /-tri#oni-&$D
. ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&ui. Ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&ui "t /rv$=ut
:/r" d -rt.!52 -&in.1
))
din Codu& #unciiA +iind vor*- d +ct&
/$'u*ito-r -& unor +-ctorii inrni /roc"u&ui #unciiA c-r -tunci cCnd
" %n"criu %n "+r- nor#-&u&uiA tr-n"+r$ incidn- +ct&or -"u/r-
/-tri#oni&ui unit$ii.
@n &itr-tur- d "/ci-&it-t
)4
A ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&ui /o-t +i: ri"c nor#-t ,i ri"c
nnor#-t.
@n ri"cu& nor#-t "unt cu/rin" /irdri& inrnt /roc"u&ui d /roduci c-r "
%nc-dr-=$ %n &i#it& /rv$=ut d &'. @n conc/tu& d ri"c nor#-t " %nc-dr=$ %n
)!
))
id#
)4
A&:-ndru 3ic&- A Tr-t-t d Dr/tu& #uncii A o/. /.A41)
!(
nor#& d /ri"-*i&it-tA nor#& d con"u#A nor#& d u=ur$ &- *unuri& cor/or-&A
#i0&o-c +i:A /irdri tFno&o'ic tc..
Ri"cu& nnor#-t -r &oc %n c-=u& /irdri&or c-rA d/$,"c &i#it& nor#-& "t-*i&it %n
c-dru& ri"cu&ui nor#-tA nu "E- /rodu" din c-u=- vinov$ii unui "-&-ri-tA %,i r'$",t
:/r"i- ,i %n rCndu& unor c-t'orii d /r"on-&A c-r d-torit$ "/ci+icu&ui #uncii &orA
nu %,i -"u#$ o*&i'-i& d r=u&t-tA ci nu#-i d di&i'n$A cu# "t c-=u& con"i&iri&or
0uridici "-u - #dici&or. 6-/tu& c$ #unc- &or nu - -du" r=u&t-tu& ur#$ritA nu -tr-'
r$"/undr-A d-c$ nu " +-c dov-d- c$ c& din c-u=$ cu o cu&/$ 'r-v$ /ro+"ion-&$.
; n"ocotir- unor nor# ,i cuno,tin din /ro+"i- r"/ctiv$<.
)1
An'-0-r- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& - "-&-ri-i&or +-$ d -n'-0-tor -r dr/t "co/:
-. %ntr'ir- /-tri#oniu&ui -n'-0-toru&uiD
*. /rvnir- /roducrii -&tor /-'u*D
c. ocrotir- intr"&or "-&-ri-ii&or /rin "t-*i&ir- unor r'u&i dtr#in-t d
/-rticu&-rit$ii& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& %n r-/ort cu contr-ctu& individu-& d
#unc$.
1.5.1 Obligaia de restituire a salariatului
Potrivit di"/o=iii&or &'-& #nion-t %n A o*&i'-i- d r"tituir /o-t intrvni %n tri
i/o"t-=:
1. cCnd *n+ici-ru& - %nc-"-t "u# d *-ni nd-tor-tD cCnd - /ri#it *unuri c-r
nu i " cuvn-u ,i c-r nu #-i /ot +i r"tituit %n n-tur$D
!. cCnd i "E-u /r"t-t "rvicii &- c-r nu r- %ndr/t$it. D"i'ur -c"t i/ot= "
/ot r-&i=- %ntrEo #u&titudin d c-=uri.
Con+or# -rt. !5!
)(
din Codu& #unciiA "-&-ri-tu& c-r - %nc-"-t d &- -n'-0-tor o "u#$
nd-tor-t$ "t o*&i'-t "$ o r"titui. D-c$ "-&-ri-tu& - /ri#it *unuri c-r nu i "
cuvn-u ,i c-r nu #-i /ot +i r"tituit %n n-tur$ "-u d-c$ -c"tui- i "E-u /r"t-t
)1
A " vd- A Tri*un-&u& Su/r#A "ci- civi&$. Dci=i- nr. 1)1!G145(. %nB Cu&'r d dci=ii / -nu& 145(B./.!11
)(
!5
"rvicii &- c-r nu r- %ndr/t$itA "t o*&i'-t "$ "u/ort contr-v-&o-r- &or.
Contr-v-&o-r- *unuri&or "-u "rvici&or %n c-u=$ " "t-*i&,t /otrivit v-&orii -c"tor-
d &- d-t- /&$ii.
D,i A -rt.!5! din Codu& #uncii nu /rvd c$ o*&i'-i- d r"tituir - "-&-ri-tu&ui "
*-=-=$ tot / nor#& ,i /rinci/ii& dr/tu&ui co#un A /otrivit -rt.44! ,i -rt.124!
)5
Cod civi&A -c-"t$ o*&i'-i " +-c tot %n *-=- -c&or-,i nor#A n+iind o di"/o=ii
contr-r$.
@n "-rcin- "-&-ri-i&orA o*&i'-i- d r"tituirA nu " rin cu&/- &orA vinov$i- -/-rinA
%n +-/tA -n'-0-toru&uiA c-rA dirct "-u /rin /r/u,i "$iA n&'-& -u di"/u" +ctu-r-
/&$i&orA /r"t-r- "rvicii&or ori /rd-r- *unuri&or - c$ror contr-v-&o-r " cr - +i
r"tituit$. @n "itu-i- %n c-r /r0udiciu& nu /o-t +i rcu/r-t d &- "-&-ri-tu& d-torA
-c"t- v- +i rcu/r-tA "u* +or#- uni r$"/undrii "u*"idi-r d &- c& vinov-t d /&-t-A
/rd-r- "-u /r"t-r- "rviciu&ui ncuvnit.
A,-d-rA o*&i'-i- d r"tituir - "-&-ri-tu&ui " %nt#i-=$ / /&-t- &ucru&ui nd-tor-tA
r'&#nt-t$ d dr/tu& co#unA n/r=tCnd o +or#$ - r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&.
Princi/-&& #od-&it$ii d "t-*i&ir ,i rcu/r-r- /r0udiciu&ui /rodu" -n'-0-toru&uiA
-tCt %n c-=u& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& cCt ,i %n c-=u& o*&i'-ii d r"tituirA"unt:
-. %nvoi-&- /$ri&orD
*. -ciun- in 0u"tii.
CAPITOLUL II

CONDIIILE !"PUNDEII PATI#ONIALE
$.1 NOIUNI INTODUCTI%E
A,- cu# -# -r$t-tA r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ %n dr/tu& #uncii -r c- t#-i &'-&
contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$ ,i " %nt#i-=$ / nor#& ,i /rinci/ii& r$"/undrii
civi& cont-ctu-&.
)5
A " vd- Codu& Civi& Ro#Cn
!.
3spunderea patrimnial Aeste frm a rspunderii &uridice, care cnst (n %li*a$ia
de repara pa*u%ele materiale an*a&atrului prduse din vina i (n le*tur cu munca
lr"
5?

Tr$"$turi& c-r o individu-&i=-=$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ +-$ d r$"/undr- civi&$
contr-ctu-&$A c-r " r'$""c -t$t %n c-=u& r$"/undrii "-&-ri-tu&ui cCt ,i -
-n'-0-toru&ui "unt ur#$to-r&:
1. "t o r$"/undr "/ci-&$A " /o-t -n'-0- nu#-i %n #$"ur- %n c-r -utoru&
+-/ti "t %nc-dr-t %n #unc$ %n *-=- unui contr-ct individu-& d #unc$D
!. "t o r$"/undr int'r-&$A %n "n"u& c$ /r"o-n- "-ncion-t$ "t o*&i'-t$ "$
r/-r -tCt /r0udiciu& +ctiv ,i -ctu-&A cC ,i c& nr-&i=-tD
). "t o r$"/undr &i#it-t$ "u* -"/ctu& :cut$rii "i&it A +ctuCnduE" nu#-i
-"u/r- uni /$ri din "-&-riuD
4. -r c- t#i vinov$i- c&ui %n c-u=$A %ntrucCt -n'-0-r- r$"/undrii " +-c
/ntru /r0udiciu& "u+rit din cu&/- -n'-0-toru&uiA "-u /ntru /-'u*& /rodu"
-n'-0-toru&ui din vin- "-&-ri-ii&or ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- &orD
1. "t o r$"/undr individu-&$A :c&u=Cnd A %n /rinci/iuA "o&id-rit-t-. @n c-=u& %n
c-r /r0udiciu& - +o"t /rodu" d #-i #u&i "-&-ri-iA d-r nu " /o-t "t-*i&i
/ro/ori- %n c-r +ic-r - contri*uit &- /roducr- -c"tui-A r$"/undr-
/-tri#oni-&$ " "t-*i&,t /ro/orion-& cu "-&-riu& "$u nt d &- d-t- con"t-t$rii
/-'u*i ,i A -tunci cCnd "t c-=u&A ,i %n +unci d ti#/u& +ctiv &ucr-t d &-
u&ti#u& invnt-rA %n "itu-i- c&or c-r -u c-&it-t- d '"tion-riiD
(. rcu/r-r- /r0udiciu& c-u=-t " +-cA d r'u&$A /rin cFiv-&nt *$n"cD
5. %ntotd-un- "t 'uvrn-t$ d nor# &'-& cu c-r-ctr i#/r-tiv.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - "-&-ri-i&or +-$ d -n'-0-tor /ntru -n'-0-r- -c"ti-A -r
dr/t "co/:
1. %ntr'ir- /-tri#oniu&ui -n'-0-toru&uiD
!. /rvnir- /roducrii -&tor /-'u*D
). ocrotir- intr"&or "-&-ri-i&or /rin "t-*i&ir- unor r'u&i dtr#in-t d
/-rticu&-rit$i& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& %n r-/ort d c-u=-&it-t.
).
A"#$n$torA " -+ir#$ c$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ r'&#nt-t$ d Codu& #uncii con"titui c- n-tur$ 0uridic$A o
v-rit-t - r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A -vCnd -nu#it /-rticu&-rit$i dtr#in-t d "/ci+icu& r-/orturi&or 0uridic d
#unc$B;Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuATratat de dreptul muncii,Editur-Mo&tr" N&uOrA >ucur,tiA!225A/.4.1
!4

!.! CONDI3IILE RSPUNDERII PATRIMONIALE ALE SALARIATULUI
Pntru - :i"t- r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ "t nc"-r "$ +i %nd/&init ur#$to-r&
condiii:
1. Calitatea de salariat a persanei c-r - /rodu" /r0udiciu&A r"/ctiv /r"o-n- c-r
"t /-rt - unui r-/ort 0uridic d #unc$ ti/icA "t-*i&it / /rio-d$ ndtr#in-t$ "-u
dtr#in-t$A r"/ctiv /ntru ti#/ nor#-& "-u /-ri-& d #unc$. @ntrE-dv$r A "-&-ri-ii
-u o*&i'-i- "$ r/-r /r0udiciu& c-u=-t -n'-0-toru&ui din vin- ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc-
&or. Privind -c-"t$ condiiA %n /r-ctic$ "E- /rci=-t c$A %n "itu-i- %n c-r %ntr /$ri nu
:i"t$ un r-/ort 0uridic d #unc$A r$"/undr- nu /o-t +i -n'-0-t$ /rin niciun +& din
#od-&it$i& A d "t-*i&ir ,i rcu/r-r - /r0udiciu&ui /rodu" -n'-0-toru&uiA /rv$=ut
d Codu& #uncii.
D -"#n-A r$"/und /-tri#oni-& ,i ucniciiA c-r %,i d"+$,o-r$ -ctivit-t- / *-=-
contr-ctu&ui d ucnici A &- &ocu& d #unc$A /otrivit -rt.!21E-rt.!1)
)4
din Codu&
#unciiA /rcu# A %n #od vidntA "-&-ri-ii c-r -u %ncFi-t cu -n'-0-toru& contr-ct d
c-&i+ic-r /ro+"ion-&$ "-u d -d-/t-r /ro+"ion-&$ con+or# -rt.14.E -rt.!24
42
din
Codu& #uncii.
Ac-,i r$"/undr o -u ,i "-&-ri-ii dt-,-i +-$ d -n'-0-toru& c"ion-rA -+&CnduE" %n
r-/orturi d #unc$ / /riod$ dtr#in-t$.
@n "cFi#* nu r$"/und /-tri#oni-& "-&-ri-ii d&'-ii &- "ocit-t- &- c-r -u +o"t
tri#i,i d -n'-0-toru& &orA do-rcA %n -c"t c-= nu :i"t$ r-/ort 0uridic d #unc$ %ntr
/$ri. 6-$ d c& /$'u*itA "-&-ri-tu& vinov-t v- r$"/und civi&Ed&ictu-& /otrivit
no#&or Codu&ui civi&. D-r unit-t- /r0udici-t$ -r ,i v-ri-nt- d - "o&icit-
-n'-0-toru&uiA c-r - di"/u" d&'-r- A d"/$'u*iri /ntru -co/rir- /-'u*i.S
/o-t %ndr/t- %n -c&-,i ti#/ %#/otriv- -#*i&orA -tCt - co#itntu&ui A cCt ,i -
/r"u/u"u&uiA c- c i#/&ic$ o r$"/undr %n "o&id-r.
)4
42
Id#
)2
Nici "-&-ri-tu& -'ntu&ui d #unc$ t#/or-r$ nu r$"/und /-ri#oni-& +-$ d uti&i=-tor
cu /ri&0u& /r"t$rii #uncii "-&. D-rA uti&i=-toru& /o-t +or#u&- -ciun %n d"/$'u*iri
%#/otriv- -'ntu&ui d #unc$ t#/or-r$;-n'-0-toru& -& "-ri-tu&ui vinov-t< %n *-=-
contr-ctu&ui d /unr &- di"/o=ii;contr-ctu&ui co#rci-&<. D"i'ur c$ -'ntu& d
#unc$ t#/or-r$ c- -n'-0-tor /o-tA "u*"cvtA r'r"- %#/otriv- /ro/iu&ui "-&-ri-t.
!. @apta ilicit a salariatului "$ +i "$vCr,it$ %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- "-.
E"t nc"-r c- +-/t- c-r - /rodu" /-'u*- "$ +i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- /r"t-t$A -,-
cu# r=u&t$ din /rvdri& -rt.!52-&in.1
41
din Codu& #uncii. Noiun- d +-/t$
"$vCr,it$PP(n le*tur cu munca este mai lar* dec-t aceea de fapt sv-ritB%n
:cit-r- #unciiB. Ac-"t- cu/rind ,i -*"n& d &- &ocu& d #unc$A d-c$ -c"t-
"unt c-u=-to-r d d-unA /rcu# oric +-/t o#i"iv A +-$ d o*&i'-i& d "rviciu.
Pntru "t-*i&ir- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&A c-r-ctru& i&icit -& +-/ti " -n-&i=-=$ in
r-/ort cu o*&i'-ii& d "rviciuA c dcur' din contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$A
cont-ctu& co&ctiv d #unc$ -/&ic-*i& "-u r'u&-#ntu& intrn. Un r/r "ni-& "tA
din -c"t /unct d vdr A +i,- /o"tu&ui. Socit-t tr*ui "$ +-c$ dov-d- "-rcini&or d
"rviciu -& "-&-ri-tu&ui - c$ror nCnd/&inir "-u %nd/&inir ncor"/un=$to-r -u
c-u=-t /r0udicii. S-&-ri-tu& r$"/und /r"on-& /ntru +-/t- /ro/i.
). <re&udiciul . "t d+init c- -c- #odi+ic-r d /-tri#oniuA c-r " r-&i=-=$ -tCt
/rin di#inu-r- /-tri#oniu&uiA - -ctivu&ui c- ur#-r - "$vCr,iri uni +-/t i&icitA "-u
/rin cr,tr- /-"ivu&ui.7-&o-r- /r0udiciu&ui cu/rind /r0udiciu& +ctiv d-r ,i
*n+iciu& nr-&i=-t. In:i"tn- /r0udiciu&ui "-u i#/o"i*i&it-t- dovdirii &ui
conduc &- :onr-r- d r$"/undr - c&ui %n c-u=$.
Pntru c- "-&-ri-tu& "$ r$"/und$ /-tri#oni-&A /r0udiciu& tr*ui "$ %nd/&in-"c$
ur#$to-r& condiii:
-. , fie realA -dic$ dtr#in-t / *-=- unor -n-&i= concrtA "-&-ri-tu& n+iind
inut "$ r$"/und$ /ntru v-&ori /irdut din /-tri#oniu& -n'-0-toru&ui din -&t
c-u=D
*. , fie cert A -tCt %n c- c /riv,t :i"tn- cCt ,i v-&u-r- "-. Dov-d-
crtitudinii /r0udiciu&ui c-d %n "-rcin- -n'-0-toru&ui /otrivit -rt.!.5
4!
din
41
4!
id#
)1
Codu& #unciiA +iind nc"-r c- din -ct& d con"t-t-r - /-'u*i "-u din -&t
/ro* "$ r=u&t nCndoi&nic cu-ntu#u& /-'u*iD
c. , fie cauzat direct an*a&atrului" Pr0udiciu& /o-t +i /rodu" %n /-tri#oniu&
-n'-0-toru&ui dirctA /rintrEo +-/t$ i&icit$ A %n &'$tur$ cu :cut-r- contr-ctu&ui
d #unc$A i-r %n "itu-i- /r0udiciu&ui /rodu" indirctA -n'-0-toru& r$"/und %n
c-&it-t d co#itnt /ntru /r/u"u& "$uA +-$ d tru& /r0udici-tD
d. , fie material A "t o condii c r=u&t$ din cu/rin"u& -rt.!52 -&in.1 din Codu&
#unciiA und " /rvd :/r" c$ "-&-ri-ii r$"/und /-tri#oni-& /ntru
/-'u*& /rodu" -n'-0-toru&ui din vin- ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- &or.
4)
Nu "t
o/r-*i&$ r'u&- /otrivit c$ri- r/-r-r- /r0udiciu&ui " +-c %n n-tur$A "o&ui
c-r ri" din intr/rt-r- -rt.!5) -&in.1,i!
44
din Codu& #unciiA c-r " r+r$
&- rinri& din "-&-riu. In #-tri- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&A "t -d#i"i*i&$
c&-u=- r+rito-r &- r$"/undr- -n'-0-toru&ui /ntru d-un #or-&A -c,i
c&-u=$ +iind nu&$ %n #$"ur- %n c-r -r /rivi r$"/undr- "-&-ri-tu&ui +-$ d
-n'-0-tor. Ev-&u-r /r0udiciu&ui " +-c /otrivit nor#&or "/ci-&A -co&o und
-c"t- :i"t$A i-r %n -*"n- unor -"t+& d r'&#nt$riA /ntru v-&u-r-
/r0udiciu&ui " vor -v- %n vdr nor#& dr/tu&ui civi&A %n r-/ort d /ruri&
&- #o#ntu& %n c-r " r-&i=-=$ -cordu& d voin$ "-u " ""i=-=$ in"t-n- d
c$tr c& /$'u*it. @n c-=u& d'r-d$rii d *unuriA v-&u-r- /-'u*&or " +-c %n
to-t "itu-i& inCnduE" "-#- d 'r-du& r-& d u=ur$ - *unu&ui.
. , nu fi fst reparat. @n "itu-i- A %n c-r "-&-ri-tu& dtrior-=$ un *un -& +ir#iA
c-r "t -"i'ur-t ,i /ntru c-r "E-u "o&icit-t d"/$'u*iriA "-&-ri-tu& nu v- #-i
/ut- +i inut "$ r/-r /r0udiciu&. Nu "unt /o"i*i& %n"$ c&-u= d -'r-v-r -
r$"/undriiA -c"t vor +i nu& d dr/tA -vCnd %n vdr /rvdri& -rt.).
41
din
Codu& #uncii:BS-&-ri-ii nu /ot rnun- &- dr/turi& &or rcuno"cut /rin &'.
Oric tr-n=-ci /rin c-r " ur#$r,t rnun-r- "-u &i#it-r- dr/turi&or
rcuno"cut "-&-ri-i&or "t &ovit$ d nu&it-tB.
4)
S con"idr$ c$ nu "t nor#-& c- -n'-0-toru& "$ r$"/und$ ,i /ntru vntu-&& d-un #or-& /rodu" "-&-ri-tu&ui
"$u;-rt.!(4 -&in.1 din Codu& #unciiA #odi+ic-t /rin L'- !)5G!225< i-r "-&-ri-tu& "$ r$"/und$ :c&u"iv /ntru d-un
#or-& /rodu" -n'-0-toru&ui. Din -c"t #otivA " /ro/unA de le*e ferenda, s se mdifice i art"6A7 alin"4 din acela cd
(n sensul admisi%ilit$ii rspunderii salariatului i pentru pre&udiciul mral;Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cu A <r%leme actuale
le*ate de mdificarea art"681"alin"4din Cdul muncii, %n LRvi"t- ro#Cn$ d dr/tu& #unciiB nr.4G!225A /.(E5<
44
id#
41
)!
4. 3aprtul de cauzalitate (ntre fapta ilicit i pre&udiciul cauzat
Pntru - :i"t- r$"/undr /-tri#oni-&$A /r0udiciu& r-&i=-t %n /-tri#oniu&
-n'-0-toru&ui tr*ui "$ +i +ctu& +-/ti i&icit "$vCr,it d "-&-ri-iB din vin- ,i %n
&'$tur$ cu #unc- &orB;-rt.!51 -&in.1 din Codu& #uncii<.
Aciun- c-u=i "t d o*ici /o"i*i&$ nu#-i %n -nu#it condiii:
-. %n c-=u& %n c-r condii- nu "t ind"/n"-*i&$ /ntru /roducr- +ctu&uiA ci
nu#-i %ntC#/&$to-r part denumirea de prile&D
*. condii- c-r cr-=$ /o"i*i&it-t- concrt$ ,i crt$ /ntru "$vCr,ir- +-/ti c-r
/roduc dirct /r0udiciu& /o-t +i con"idr-t$ c- -vCnd un ro& c-u=-& ,i /o-t
+und-#nt-& %n "t-*i&ir- r$"/undrii #-tri-& %n "-rcin- -utoru&ui.
E+ctu& "t 'nr-t d un- "-u #-i #u&t c-u= ,i -c"t /ot +i /rinci/-& "-u
"cund-rA dirct "-u indirct ,i conco#itnt "-u "ucc"iv.
Dtr#in-r- r-/ortu&ui d c-u=-&it-t c- o condii - r$"/undrii 0uridic "t
-d"ori -nvoio-"$. @n co#/&:it-t- r-/ortu&ui dintr +no#n "t nc"-r un +ort
d "&ci ,i d 'r-i /ntru - "t-*i&i %n +ic-r c-= concrt +-/t- c-r - /rodu"
tr-n"+or#-r- /o"i*i&it$ii /r0udiciu&ui %n r-&it-tD dci -/rcir- tr*ui +$cut$ d &-
c-= &- c-=A "&ctiv ,i 'r-du-&.
4(

R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ /r"u/un un r=u&t-t d$un$tor c-r "$ " concrti== %ntrE
o /-'u*$ cu o v-&o-r cono#ic$ 'n-r-t$ d "-&-ri-i din vin- ,i %n &'$tur$ cu #unc-
-c"tor-. @n un& "itu-ii dtr#in-r- r-/ortu&ui d c-u=-&it-t "t -nvoi-"$A +iind
nc"-r$ -n-&i=$A /ntru - " /ut- "t-*i&iA d &- c-= &- c-=A +-/t- "-u +-/t& c-r -u
dtr#in-tA tr-n"+or#-r- /o"i*i&it$ii /r0udiciu&ui %n r-&it-t. Prin r-/ort d
c-u=-&it-t " %n&' &'$tur- nc"-r$ dintr dou$ +no#nA dintr c-r unu& "t
c-u=-A i-r c&$&-&t c-r %& /rcd "t +ctu&; c-u=- "t +ctu&<
45
.
1. Vinv$ia este cndi$ie a rspunderii materiale fr de care aceasta nu pate
e!ista"
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ /r"u/un cu nc"it-t vinov$i- "-u cu&/- -utoru&ui +-/ti
i&icit c-u=-to-r d /r0udiciu. Nu /rvd nici o :c/i A &'- -/&ic$ -c"t
/rinci/iu %n #-tri- d /r-ctic$ 0udici-r$. A,-d-rA "/r do"*ir d dr/tu& civi& A
4(
A&:-ndru 3ic&- A Tratat de dreptul muncii, /..!1
45
A " vd- S-nd- ?Fi#/uA A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Dreptul muncii, Editura All /ecB,/ucureti,6774,p"860 i urm"
))
und :i"t$ c-=uri r$"/undr o*ictiv$A -dic$ +$r$ cu&/$A r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$
"t d nconc/ut d-c$ nu " +-c dov-d- vinov$ii c&ui c-r - c-u=-t /r0udiciu&.
7inov$i- con"titui &#ntu& "u*ictiv -& r$"/undriiA c-r con"t$ %n -/titudin- "-
/"iFic$ - /r"o-ni +-$ d +-/t- "- ,i con"cin& i /$'u*ito-r. Pr"u/un
di"crn$#Cntu& "-&-ri-tu&uiA r"/ctiv c-/-cit-t- -c"tui- d -E,i r/r=nt- +-/t- ,i
+ctu& i /$'u*itor ,i voin- &i*r$A :i"tnt$ %n #o#ntu& "$vCr,irii +-/ti
/r0udici-*i&. R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ "t -n'-0-t$ %n '-&$ #$"ur$ /ntru to-t
+or#& vinov$ii. Codu& #uncii "t-*i&,tA cu tit&u d :c/tiA "itu-i& %n c-r
'r-du& d vinov$i /roducA +ct di+ritA r"/ctiv /roducr- /r0udiciu&ui d #-i
#u&i "-&-ri-i.
C- ,i %n dr/tu& civi& A %ntrucCt Codu& #uncii nu +-c nici o di"tinciA r$"/undr-
/-tri#oni-&$ "t -n'-0-t$ %n '-&$ #$"ur$ /ntru to-t +or#& d vinov$iA +i c$
"unt "$vCr,it cu intniEdirct$ "-u indirct$D din i#/rudn$ "-u n'&i0n$.
@n c- c /riv,t 'r-du& cu&/i: +o-rt u,o-r$ "-u 'r-v$A -c-"t- %,i -r -/&ic-rA %n
dr/tu& civi&A d-c$ cu&/- "t co#un$ A %ntrucCt %ntindr- d"/$'u*irii " rduc cu
cot- -+rnt$ cu&/i victi#iD %n c-=u& "t-*i&irii cu&/i 'r-v - victi#i " /o-t -0un'
&- :onr-r- -utoru&ui d oric r$"/undr. Pntru r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A
di"tinci- dintr +or#& ,i 'r-d& d vinov$i nu /roduc +ct %ntrucCt "-&-ri-tu&
r$"/und d r/-r-r- /r0udiciu&uiA cFi-r ,i %n c-=u& cCnd cu&/- "- - +o"t +o-rt u,o-r$.
S-rcin- dovdirii cu&/i rvin -n'-0-toru&ui /otrivit uni di"/o=iii d ordin 'nr-&
/rv$=ut d -rt.!.5
4.
din Codu& #uncii.
C-u=& c-r %n&$tur$ c-r-ctru& i&icit -& +-/ti "unt "ituii& &'-&A c-r :onr-=$ d
r$"/undrA d,i %n +-/t A /r0udiciu& "E- /rodu". S-&-ri-ii nu r$"/und d /-'u*&
/rovoc-t d +or$ #-0or$ "-u d -&t c-u= c-r nu /ut-u +i %n&$tur-t ,i nici d
/-'u*& c-r " %nc-dr-=$ %n ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&ui. Ac"t c-u= d :onr-r
"unt:
+or- #-0or$ ,i c-=u& +ortuiD
"t-r- d nc"it-tD
ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&uiD
4.
)4
:cut-r- ordinu&ui d "rviciu.
Codu& #uncii /rvd c$ "-&-ri-tu& c-r - /ri#it o "u#$ nd-tor-t$A d &- -n'-0-torA
-c"t- "t o*&i'-t "$Eo r"titui. D -"#n-A d-c$ "-&-ri-tu& - /ri#it *unuri c-r nu
iE" cuvn-u ,i c-r nu #-i /ot +i r"tituit %n n-tur$ "-u A iE-u /r"t-t "rvicii &- c-r
nu r- %ndr/t$it "t o*&i'-t "$ "u/ort contr-v-&o-r- &or.
O*&i'-i- d r"tituir /o-t intrvni -tunci cCnd "-&-ri-tu& - /ri#it o "u#$ d *-ni cu
tit&u d "-&-riuA /r#iu "-u ind#ni=-i &- c-r nu r- %ndr/t$it. S %nt#i-=$ / o
+-/t$ "$vCr,it$ cu vinov$iA o*&i'-i- d r"tituir -r &- *-=$ /&-t- &ucru&ui nd-tor-t.
$.& CONDIIILE !"PUNDEII PATI#ONIALE ALE AN'A(ATOULUI
)A! DE PE"OANA AN'A(AT!.
To-t condiii& d :i"tn$ -& r$"/undrii 0uridicA c-r " r+r$ &- "-&-ri-iiA "
r'$""c ,i %n c-=u& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& - -n'-0-toru&ui; +-/t- i&icit$D r-/ortu& d
c-u=-&it-tD cu&/-<. D -"#n- A %n #od "i#tricA r$"/undr- /o-t +i -n'-0-t$A
/otrivit -rt. !(4 din Codu& #unciiA nu#-i /ntru /r0udicii /rodu" "-&-ri-ii&or %n
ti#/u& %nd/&inirii %nd-toriri&or d "rviciu "-u %n &'$tur$ cu "rviciu&.
)1
Pntru /r0udiu& #-tri-& "u+rit d "-&-ri-t A in ti#/u& %nd/&iniri&or o*&i'-ii&or d
"rviciu "-u %n &'$tur$ cu "rviciu& ,i -n'-0-r- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& -
-n'-0-toru&ui tr*ui "$ +i %nd/&init ur#$to-r& condiii:
1. "$ :i"t +-/t- i&icit$ A /r"o-n$ +i=ic$ "-u %n c-=u& /r"o-ni 0uridicA +-/t-
or'-n&or d conducr "-u -&tui "-&-ri-tA %n c-&it-t d /r/u" -& -n'-0-toru&uiD
!. "$ :i"t un r-/ort d c-u=-&it-t i&icit$ - -n'-0-toru&ui ,i /r0udiciu& #-tri-&
"u+rit d "-&-ri-tD
). "$ :i"t cu&/- dovdit$. Cu&/- "t o condii nc"-r$ /ntru -ntrn-r-
r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& -& -n'-0-toru&ui ,i & tr*ui "$ +-c$ dov-d- c$ nu ,iE-
/utut %nd/&inii o*&i'-ii& din r-/ortu& d #unc$ din c-u=- unor #otiv
ind/dnt d voin- "-. @n &'$tur$ cu -c-"t-A /otrivit uni r'u&i d dr/t
co#un %n #-tri- r$"/undrii contr-ctu-&A d*itoru& c-r nu ,iE- %nd/&init
o*&i'-i& "t /r=u#-t %n cu&/$ +iind -/$r-t d r$"/undr nu#-i d-c$
dovd,t c$ - +o"t %#/idic-t "$ :cut /rvdri& contr-ctu&ui /rintEo c-u=$
c-r nuEi /o-t +i i#/ut-t$ .
44

$.* T!"!TUILE !"PUNDEII PATI#ONIALE
A. R$"/undr- este cndi$inat de e!isten$a raprtului &uridic d #unc$ dintr
"-&-ri-tu& r$"/un=$tor ,i -n'-0-tu& /$'u*itA i-r r-/ortu& 0uridic i,i -r i=voru& %n
contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$.
E- "tA dciA o r$"/undr contr-ctu-&$.
>. L- *-=- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& "t$ vinv$iaCculpa. c&ui %n c-u=$. A,-d-rA %n
c-dru& i nu +uncion-=$A c- r'u&$A /r=u#i- d cu&/$A c-r %nd/&in,t %n"$ un ro&
44
A " vd- -rt. 12.! ,i 12.) din Codu& civi&
)(
i#/ort-nt &- r$"/undr- civi&$ contr-ctu-&$
12
,i d&ictu-&$
11
. Prin :c/iA /ntru
&i/"uri c-ntit-tiv din '"tiun o/r-=$ o /r=u#i "i#/&$ d vinov$i -
'"tion-ru&ui.
C. R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ %n c-dru& r-/orturi&or 0uridic d #unc$ "t
rspundere individual+ - :c&udA %n /rinci/iuA "o&id-rit-t-A "/r do"*ir d
r-/orturi& 0uridic civi& %n c-dru& c$ror- -c-"t- o/r-=$ %n t#iu& unor /rvdri
&'-& ,iA -d"ori / *-=- c&-u=&or "ti/u&-t %ntr /$ri.
1!

@n dr/tu& #unciiA -tunci cCnd r$"/undr- /ntru -nu#it /r0udiciu "t /&ur-&$A c-
ur#-r - /-rtici/$rii #-i #u&tor /r"o-n &- /roducr- &uiA o*&i'-i& d r/-r-r -
/-'u*&or "unt d r'u&$ con0uctivA unori "u*"idi-r ,i co#unA nu "o&id-r.
1)
@n
-c"t #od " -"i'ur$ o /rotci - "-&-ri-tu&uiA vitCnduE" c- & "$ +i /u"E c- ur#-r -
"o&id-rit$iiE %n "itu-i- d - +i ur#$rit /ntru o "u#$ #-i #-r dcCt /r0udiciu&
+ctiv c-u=-t din vin- "-.
D. O -&t$ c-r-ctri"tic$ con"t$ %n re*lementarea rspunderii patrimniale prin nrme
le*al imperative+ #odi+ic-r- i /rin c&-u= -& contr-ctu&ui d #unc$A dro'-torii d
&- &' %n d+-vo-r- "-&-ri-tu&ui "t in-d#i"i*i&$.
E. R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A "t o rspundere inte*ral
>0
, nu nu#-i /ntru d-un-
+ctiv$ ,i -ctu-&$A d-r ,i /ntru +o&o-"& nr-&i=-tA "/r do"*ir d r$"/undr-
#-tri-&$. D-rA -"#n- r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A "-&-ri-tu& r$"/und nu#-i
/ntru /r0udiciu& c-u=-tA c-r a fst prevzut ri era previz%il &- #o#ntu& %ncFirii
contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$E -+-r$ d /r0udiciu& c /rovin din cu&/- "- 'r-v$
-"i#i&-t$ do&u&ui;-rt.12.1 din Codu& civi&<A c-nd va rspunde i pentru cel
neprevizi%il"
>>

6. St-*i&ir- r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& nu se face unilateral d c$tr -n'-0-tor / c-&-
#itrii uni dci=ii d i#/ut-rA d-c$ "-&-ri-tu& nuE,i -"u#$ un -n'-0-#nt d /&-t$
12
Art.12.! din Codu& civi&
11
Art.1222 ,i ur#. Din Codu& civi&
1!
Art.1241 din Codu& civi&
1)
O :c/i d &- /rinci/iu& in-d#i"i*i&it$ii r$"/undrii "o&id-r "t /rv$=ut$ %n -rt. !. -& L'ii nr.!!G14(4 /rivind
-"i'ur-r- '"tion-ri&orA con"tituir- d '-r-nii ,i r$"/undr- $n &'$tur$ cu '"tion-r- *unuri&or -'ni&or cono#iciA
-utorit$i&or "-u in"titui&or /u*&ic.
14
O r$"/undr /-tri#oni-&$ &i#it-t$ "t /rv$=ut$ %n c-=u& /r"o-n&or cu -tri*uii d /-=$ - /$duri&orA c-r +-c dov-d-
c$ ,iE-u %nd/&init cu di&i'n$ ,i cu *un$ crdin$ o*&i'-i& d "rviciu ,i -u &u-t #$"uri& nc"-r /ntru vit-r-
/roducrii /-'u*&orA /rin Mtodo&o'i-A -/ro*-t$ /rin Ordinu& 5(4G!22( -& #ini"tru&ui -'ricu&turiiA /$duri&or ,i
d=vo&t$rii rur-&; /u*&ic-t %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#CniiA /-rt- IA nr.4(5 din24.1!.!22(<
11
A " vd- Con"t-ntin St$t"cuA Corn&iu >Cr"-n Drept civil"Teria *eneral a %li*a$ilr,Editura All,411AAo/.cit./.1!.
)5
%n "cri"A c- %n c-=u& r$"/undrii #-tri-&A
1(
ci -c-"t- "t /o"i*i&$ nu#-i /rin
%n&'r- /$ri&orA i-r %n c-= d divr'n$ d c$tr in"t-n- d 0udc-t$.
?. R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A "/r do"*ir d r$"/undr- civi&$;contr-ctu-&$<
clasic, prezint un caracter limitat su% aspectul e!ecutrii silite, c-r " +ctu-=$A d
r'u&$ A nu#-i -"u/r- uni cot din "-&-riu;-rt.!5)din Codu& #uncii<.

CAPITOLUL III
)O#ELE !"PUNDEII PATI#ONIALE
&.1 s+u,derea +atri-o,ial .i /or-ele sale
1. !"PUDEEA UNIPE"ONAL!
A,- cu# -# -r$t-t cu /ri&0u& :-#in$rii tr$"$turi&or c-r-ctri"tic -& r$"/undrii
/-tri#oni-&A -c-t- "tA d r'u&$A o r$"/undr /r"on-&$ "-u individu-&$ .
D c& #-i #u&t oriA r$"/undr- " "t-*i&,t %n "-rcin- unui "in'ur "-&-ri-tA c-r
" +-c vinov-t d /roducr- /-'u*i /rin /ro/i- +-/t$. Ac-"t- "t +or#- ti/ic$ -
r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&.
1(
E:c/i +-c r$"/undr- civi&$ - +uncion-ri&or /u*&ici.Con+or# -rt. .1 -&in.1 din &'- nr. 1..G1444A r/-r-r-
/-'u*&or -du" -utorit$ii "-u in"tituii /u*&ic " di"/un d c$tr conduc$toru& -utorit$ii "-u in"tituii /u*&ic - unui
ordin "-u uni di"/o=iii d i#/ut-r.
).
!. !"PUNDEEA CON(UCTI%!
E:i"t$ un& "itu-ii %n c-r un "in'ur /r0udiciu "t c-u=-t din vin- #-i #u&tor
"-&-ri-i. @n -c"t c-=uriA +$/tuitoriiA -u d r'u&$A o r$"/undr con0uctiv$.
Codu& #uncii /rvd %n -rt. !51: L CCnd /-'u*- - +o"t /rodu"$ d #-i #u&i "-&-ri-iA
cu-ntu#u& r$"/undrii +ic$rui- " "t-*i&,t %n r-/ort d #$"ur- %n c-r - contri*uit &-
/roducr- i. D-c$ #$"ur- %n c-r "E- contri*uit &- /roducr- /-'u*i nu /o-t +i
dtr#in-t$A r$"/undr- +ic$rui- " "t-*i&,t /ro/orion-& cu "-&-riu& "$u nt d &-
d-t- con"t-t$rii /-'u*i ,i -tunci cCnd "t c-=u&A ,i %n +unci d ti#/u& +ctiv &ucr-t
d &- u&ti#u& "$u invnt-rB.
15

R$"/undr- con0uctiv$ "t tot o r$"/undr /r"on-&$D - r/r=int$ o #u&titudin d
r$"/undri individu-& -& unor /r"o-n cu vinov$ii concurnt %n /roducr-
/r0udiciu&ui unic.
M$"ur- %n c-r o /r"o-n$ A - contri*uit +ic-r &- /roducr- /-'u*i "t dtr#in-t$
A -tCt d +-/t- i&icit$ %n "in A :-#in-t$ "u* -"/ctu& &'$turii d c-u=-&it-t cu
/r0udiciu&A cCt ,i - 'r-du&ui d vinov$i.
@n c-=u& /-'u*&or con"t-t-t %ntrEo '"tiun %n c-r #-ni/u&-r- *unuri&or " +-c
co&ctiv "-u %n "cFi#*uri "ucc"ivA +$r$ /rd-r %ntr "cFi#*uriA d"/$'u*ir- "
r/-rti=-=$ /ro/orion-& -tCt cu "-&-riu& cCt ,i cu ti#/u& &ucr-t d +ic-rA d &- u&ti#-
invnt-rir %n '"tiun- %n c-r "E- /rodu" /-'u*-.
1.
I-r -c-"t$ r$"/undr dnu#it$
unorii Lco&ctiv$B "t o r$"/undr con0uctiv$A - -vCnd c- tr$"$tur$ "/ci+ic$ o
/r=u#i d /-rtici/-r cu&/-*i&$ - tuturor ##*ri&or co&ctivu&ui d '"tion-ri &-
/roducr- /-'u*iA /r=u#i c-r %n"$ /o-t +i r$"turn-t$ d oric-r dintr i.
14
A&$turi d '"tion-ri r$"/und ,i -&i -n'-0-iA d-c$ -c,t- -u +o&o"it %n /roc"u&
#uncii *unuri& con"t-t-t &i/"$A i-r -ctivit-t- " d"+$,o-r$ %n "cFi#*uriA +$r$ - "
+-c /rd-r- *unuri&or / *-=- unui /roc" vr*-&.
(2
15
O -"#n- di"/o=ii " r'$",t ,i %n -rt.11 din Ordon-n- ?uvrnu&ui nr. 1!1G144.A c-r %n"$ #-i conin un
-&in-t;)< con+or# c$rui-B %n '"tiuni& %n c-r #-ni/u&-r- *unuri&or " +-c co&ctiv "-u %n "cFi#*uri "ucc"ivA +$r$
/rd-r- '"tiunii %ntr "cFi#*uriA r$"/undr- #-tri-&$ " "t-*i&,t /ro/orion-& cu ti#/u& &ucr-t d +ic-r '"tion-r
d &- u&ti#- invnt-rir - *unuri&orB.
1.
Art.!5 -&in! din L'- !!G14(4. R$"/undr- co&ctiv$ nu o/r-=$ %n c-=u& %n c-r /-'u*- - +o"t c-u=-t$ unit$ii
/rintEo +-/t$ c con"titui in+r-ciunD %n -c-"t$ i/ot=$ r$"/undr- c&or vinov-i " "t-*i&,t /otrivit &'ii /n-&.
14
Un :#/&u ti/ic %& con"titui A /ntru -c-t$ +or#$ d r$"/undr A unit$i& d -uto"rvir ,i -&i#nt-i /u*&ic$.
(2
Curt- d A/& Cr-iov- A "ci- civi&$A dci=i- 14(1G144.A %n >u&tinu& 0uri"/rudni.Cu&'r d /r-ctic$ 0udici-r$ /
-nu& 144.A ditur- Lu#in: L:A >ucur,tiA /.1.)E1.4
)4
Totu,i A %n +-/t dtr#in-r- /ro/oriiA /ntru +ic-r cCt - contri*uit A /rin +-/t- "- A -
:/ri#$rii i %ntrEo "u#$ /rci"$A " %ntC#/in$ di+icu&t$iA -"t+& " rcur' &-
/rocdu& "u*"idi-r indic-t %n -rt.!51 -&in.! din Codu& #uncii /rin "t-*i&ir-
r$"/undrii /ro/orion-& cu "-&-riu&. Ac"t critriu -r &- *-=$A %n"$,iA i#/ort-n-
-tri*uii&orA cCt ,i - r$"/undrii " nu#$r$ /rintr &#nt& c-r 0u"ti+ic$ di+rn-
"-&-rii&or.
&. !"PUNDEEA "U0"IDIA!
Actu-&u& Cod -& #uncii A "/r do"*ir d vcFiu& Cod -& #uncii; -rt. 124 -&in1<
(1
nu
#-i "t r'&#nt-t$A d-r - A "t /o"i*i&$ %n t#iu& -rt.!5! din -ctu-&u& Cod -&
#uncii A c-r ritr-=$ nor#& ,i /rinci/i& /&$ii &ucru&ui nd-tor-t; -rt. 44!E44)D
-rt. 124! din Codu& civi&<
(!
.
R$"/undr- "u*"idi-r$ "t tot o +or#$ "/ci+ic$ - r$"/undrii /ntru +-/t- /ro/i.
Prin ur#-rA "u* -"/ctu& r-/ortu&ui condiii&or d :i"tn$A "t "u/u"$ r'u&i&or
'nr-& r+rito-r &- r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ indi"o&u*i&$A +i cu r$"/undr- uni
-&t /r"o-nA c-r - /rodu" dirct /-'u*- "-uA %n -&i tr#niA - c$ri +-/t$ con"titui
c-u=$ dirct$A /rinci/-&$ /roducrii /r0udiciu&uiA +i cu o*&i'-i- -&ti /r"o-n; +i=ic
"-u 0uridic< A +-$ d "ocit-t- /$'u*it$. @ntrucCt "u* -"/ct d r-/ort c-u=-& ro&u&
+-/ti / c-r " %nt#i-=$ r$"/undr- "u*"idi-r$ "t "cund-rA ,i din /unct d
vdr t#/or-& -c-"t-A intrvin u&trior r$"/undrii /rinci/-&A nu#-i %n #$"ur- %n
c-r -c-"t-A nu - /rodu" +ct int'r-& "-u /-ri-&. D-c$ " dovd,t c$ nu "unt
%ntrunit condiii& d :i"tn$ -& r$"/undri A o*&i'-ii /rinci/-&A r$"/undr-
"u*"idi-r$ nu #-i "t /o"i*i&$.
I/ot= -& r$"/undrii "u*"idi-r "unt r'&#nt-t /rin &'ii "/ci-&.
E:#/&u : /otrivit -rt )2 din &'- !!G14(4A r$"/und %n &i#it- v-&orii /-'u*i r$#-"
n-co/rit d -utoru& i dirctA c& vinov-t cu : %nc-dr-r- "-u trcr- uni /r"o-n
%n +unci- d '"tion-r "-u din ordin- '"tion-ru&ui +$r$ -vi=u& /rv$=ut %n -rt. 5 -&
&'ii #nion-tD n&u-r- "-u &u-r- cu %ntCr=ir - #$"uri&or /ntru %n&ocuir-
(1
Potrivit -c"tui t:tA ur#$rir- /ntru -co/rir- /-'u*&or " /ut- %ndr/t- ,i %#/otriv- -&ti /r"o-n dcCt c- c-r
- /rovoc-t dirct /-'u*-A %n c-=uri& /rv$=ut d &'
(!
A " vd- Hr*-n >&i'r$d-nuA ,itua$iile care pt atra*e rspunderea patrimnial a salaria$ilr fa$ de an*a&atrii
lr, pre&udicia$i de ter$ii)de%itrii ai acestra din urm) prin nee!ecutarea cntractelr (nc'eiate ri pri nerespectare
%li*a$iei de restituire, in LDr/tu&B nr.11G!22(A/.14
42
'"tion-ri&or "-u /r"on-&u&ui -+&-t %n "u*ordin- -c"tor-A d,i - +o"t -vrti=-t %n "cri"
,i #otiv-t c$ /r"on-&u& r"/ctiv nuE,i ind/&in"c -tri*uii& d "rviciu %n #od
cor"/u=$tor D n&u-r- #$"uri&or nc"-r /ntru "t-*i&ir- ,i -co/rir- /-'u*&or %n
'"tiunD n+ctu-r invt-riri&or &- tr#n& ,i %n condii& &'ii %n "itu-i- %n c-r
/rin -c"t- - contri*uit &- c-u=-r- /-'u*iD nr"/ct-r oric$ri %nd-toriri d
"rviciuA d-c$ +$r$ %nc$&c-r- -c"ti- /-'u*- "E-r +i /utut vit-. Un -&t c-= d
r$"/undr "u*"idi-r$A "t r'&#nt-t d -rt.!1 -&in.! din L'- nr. 41(G!221 /rivind
vnitu& #ini# '-r-nt-t.
()
Potrivit -c"tui t:t %n i/ot=- %n c-r nu " /ot rcu/r-
*-niA d &- *n+ici-ri "u#&or /&$tit ncuvnit cu tit&u d -0utor "oci-&A %n tr#n d
c& #u&t ) -ni d &- +ctu-r /&$ii -c"t- vor +i rcu/r-tA d &- /r"o-n& vinov-t
d +ctu-r- /&$iiA / o /rio-d$ d c& #u&t ) -ni.
(4
O r$"/undr "u*"idi-r$ rvin ,i /ri#-ru&uiA c-rA :rcitCnd +unci- d ordon-tor
/rinci/-& d crditA - /u" %n :cut-r o Fot$rCr - con"i&u&ui &oc-&A i&'-&$A d
#-0or-r - "-&-rii&or /r"on-&u&ui /ri#$rii. R$"/undr- "- dvinA incidnt$ nu#-i
%n #$"ur- %n c-r /-'u*- nu /o-t +i rcu/r-t$ d &- *n+ici-rii "u#&or ncuvnit
%nc-"-t .
*. !"PUNDEEA "OLIDA!
@n /rinci/iu A r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ nu "t "o&id-r$.
D &- -c-"t$ r'u&$ "unt /rv$=ut un& :c/ii. A"t+& L'- nr.!!G14(4 /rvd c$
/r"o-n& cu +unci d conducrA /rcu# ,i oric "-&-ri-t c-r " +-c vinov-t d
%nc-dr-r-A trcr- "-u #ninr- %n +unci- d '"tion-r - uni /r"o-n +$r$
r"/ct-r- condii&or d vCr"t$A -ntcdnt /n-&A r$"/und int'r-& /ntru /-'u*&
c-u=-t d '"tion-rA %n "o&id-r cu -c"t-.
()
Pu*&ic-t$ in Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#CniiA P-rt- IA nr. 421 din !2 iu&i !221A #odi+ic-t$ u&trior
(4
A" vd- Hr*-n >&i'r$d-nuA Cu privire la cntestarea deciziei de recuperare a sumelr pltite necuvenit cu titlu de
a&utr scial de la salaria$ii vinva$i, in Dr/tu& nr. 1!G1441A /.42E4!
41
Potrivit -rt.1) -&in.1 din Ordon-n- ?uvrnu&ui nr.114G1444 /rivind contro&u& intrn ,i
contro&u& +in-nci-r /rvntiv
(1
di"/un c$ /r"o-n& %n dr/t "$ :rcit contro&u&
+in-nci-r /rvntiv /ro/iu r$"/und /ntru &'-&it-tA /ntru r'u&-rit-t ,i /ntru
%nc-dr-r- %n &i#it& -n'-0-#nt&or *u't-r -/ro*-tA %n o/r-iuni&or /ntru c-r
-u -cord-t vi=- d contro& +in-nci-r /rvntiv /ro/iu.
@n *-=- r'uri&or d dr/t co#unA
((
%n c-=uri& d r$"/undr "o&id-r$ -r$t-t #-i "u"
-n'-0-toru& "t %ndr/t$it "$ ur#$r-"c$ oric-r dintr /r"o-n& vinov-t /ntru
%ntr'u& /r0udiciu. C& c-r - -co/rit int'r-& /-'u*- " /o-t %ndr/t- A / c-&-
uni -ciuni %n r'r"A %#/otriv- /r"o-n&or vinov-tA /ntru cot& c & rvin ,i c-r
" dtr#in$ inCnduE" "-#- d r'u&i& r$"/undrii con0uctiv /rv$=ut &- -rt.!5
din L'- nr.!!G14(4 ,i -rt. !51 din Codu& #uncii .
&.$ !"PUNDEEA PATI#ONIAL! 1I ALTE )O#E DE
!"PUNDEE (UIDIC!
1. s+u,derea +atri-o,ial .i rs+u,derea ci2il co,tractual

R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A "tA o v-rit-t - r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A cu
/-rticu&-rit$i& determinate de specificul raprturilr &uridice de munc, do-rc:
/ d o /-rtA - /ri- Lnor#& ,i /rinci/ii& r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&BD
/ d -&t$ /-rt %n"$A cu/rind dro'$ri d &- -c-"t$ +or#$ - r$"/undrii 0u"ti+ic-t
toc#-i d "t-tutu& d "-&-ri-t -& c&or r$"/un=$torii.
(5

R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ +iind Ao "-nciun "/ci+ic$A c-r intrvin /ntru "$vCr,ir-
uni +-/t i&icit c-u=-to-r d /r0udiciiA %n :cut-r- unui contr-ct ,i -r c-r-ctr
r/-r-tor. Ac-"t$ r$"/undr %,i -r i=voru& ,u 3,tr4u, co,tact ci2il A c- %n c-=u&
r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A ci 3, co,tactul i,di2idual de -u,c. Totod-t$ tr*ui
do"*it$ d r$"/undr- #-tri-&$.
(1
R/u*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#CniiA P-rt- IA nr. 544 din 1! noi#*ri !22)
((
Art. 12)4 ,i ur#$toru& din Codu& civi&
(5
A " vd-: Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA Hr*-n >&i'r$d-nuA Cdul muncii,Editura ;umine!, >ucur,ti!22)A /.115E11.D
id#A prezentare de ansam%lu i %serva$ii critice asupra cdului muncii, %nBDr/tu&B nr.4G!22)A/.5.
4!
E:c/i +-c r$"/undr- civi&$ - +uncion-ri&or /u*&iciA c-r nu driv$ dintrEun
contr-ct civi&A ci din r-/orturi& d "rviciu -& -c"tor- +iind o +or#$ ti/ic$ -
r-/oturi&or 0uridic d #unc$.
Toc#-i -c"t /-rticu&-rit$i n dtr#in$ "$ -/rci# c$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$
-r un "/ci+ic /ro/iuA c-r o individu-&i=-=$D ea reprezint frm distinct de
rspundere &uridic, prpie salaria$ilr, precum este i rspunderea disciplinar"
!. s+u,derea +atri-o,ial .i rs+u,derea ci2il delictual
@n &itr-tur- 0uridic$ d "/ci-&it-tA " -/rci-=$ c$ r$"/undr- civi&$ d&ictu-&$
-&c$tui,t dr/tu& co#un -& r$"/undrii civi& c-r intrvin -tunci cCnd "t %nc$&c-t$
o*&i'-i- 'nr-&$A c rvin tuturorA ,i -nu# -c- d - nu v$t$#- dr/turi& -&tui-
/rin +-/t i&icit.
@n "cFi#*A r$"/undr- contr-ctu-&$A inc&u"iv c- /-tri#oni-&$A -r un c-r-ctr "/ci-&A
dro'-torD - intrvin %n "itu-i- %n c-r "t %nc$&c-t$ o o*&i'-i concrt$A "t-*i&it$
/rintrEun contr-ct /r:i"tnt ,i "$vCr,ir- uni +-/t i&icitA /rin c-r "E- cr-t o
/-'u*$ %n /-tri#oniu& uni /r"o-n +i=ic "-u 0uridic.
Pot +i "itu-ii A cCnd "-&-ri-tu& vinov-t r$"/und civi& d&ictu-&A -tunci cCnd :
+-/t- "- /r0udici-*i&$A nu -r &'$tur$ cu #unc- "- "-u cu -c& contr-ct d
#unc$A +o&o",t un *un -& -n'-0-toru&ui / c-r %& d'r-d-=$ "-u %& di"tru'.
Tot -"t+& /o-t r$"/und A ,i /r"o-n- d&'-t$
(.
A /rcu# ,i "-&-ri-tu&
t#/or-r
(4
A %n i/ot=- /roducrii uni /-'u* %n /-tri#oniu& "ocit$ii &- c-r -
+o"t d&'-tA du/$ c-=A -& uti&i=-toru&ui %n +o&o"u& c$rui- #unc,t.
52
D-c$
/-'u*- %#*r-c$ +or#- uni in+r-ciuniA -n'-0-toru& /$'u*it -r /o"i*i&it-t "$
-&$tur &- -ciun- "- rcu/r-tori c&i /n-&
51
. E:i"t$ ,i do"*iri
dtr#in-t d -&'r-A c- #od-&it-t d d=d$un-rA - r$"/undrii civi&
d&ictu-&:
(.
A " vd- -rt.4)E44 din Codu& #uncii
(4
A " vd- -rt..5 ,i ur#. Din C odu& #uncii
52
D"i'ur %n -#*& "itu-ii c& /$'u*it /o-t +or#u&- ,i -ciun %n d"/$'u*ir %#/otriv- -n'-0-toru&ui c-r - di"/u"
d&'-r A r"/ctiv - -'ntu&ui d #unc$ t#/or-r$A -c"t-A &- rCndu& "$u " /o-t r'r"- %#/otriv- "-&-ri-tu&ui con+o#
-rt !52 din Codu& #uncii
51
A " vd- Codu& d /rocdur$ /n-&$A -rt14. -&in !D Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA Hr*-n >&i'r$d-nuA Cdul muncii /.11.
4)
r$"/undr- c&ui c-r - "$vCr,it +-/t- i&icit$ "t int'r-&$A & +iind inut /ntru
to-t /-'u*& c-u=-t A -tCt /ntru c& /rvi=i*i&A cCt ,i /ntru c&
n/rvi=i*i&. @n -c"t$ "itu-i o/r-=$ "o&idrit-t- c&or r$"/un=$toriiA
dvnind -/&ic-*i& -rt.122) din Codu& civi&A /otrivit c$rui- %n c-=u& %n c-rB
d&ictu& ,i cv-"id&ictu& "t i#/ut-*i& #-i #u&tor /r"o-nA -c"t /r"o-n
"unt inut "o&id-r /ntru d"/$'u*ir.B
R$"/undr- civi&$ d&ictu-&$ dvin incidnt$ nu nu#-i d-c$ inculpatul este
cndamnant, d-r ,i %n c-=u& cCnd +-/t- /n-&$ - +o"t -#ni"ti-t$A - intrvnit /r"cri/i-
ori dc"u& +$/tuitoru&uiA
5!
"E- di"/u" %nct-r- /roc"u&ui /n-& %n *-=- uni &'i
"/ci-& d 'r-ir- "-u -#ni"tiA %ntrucCt ,i %n -c"t c-=uri /-'u*- "t urmarea
unei infrac$iuni, /rcu# ,i %n "itu-i- %n c-r - intrvnit %n&ocuir- r$"/undrii
/n-&.
5)
A,-d-rA /-'u*- /rodu"$ -n'-0-toru&ui c- ur#-r - uni in+r-ciuniA
intrvni- r$"/undrii civi& d&ictu-& "t / d/&in 0u"ti+ic-t$.
Rcu/r-r /-'u*i " +-c %n"$ %n con+or#it-t cu nor#& "/ci+ic r$"/undrii
/-tri#oni-& %n c-=uri& %n c-r - intrvnit A c&-"-r-A "co-tr- d "u* ur#$rir A
%nct-r ur#$riri /n-& A -cFit-r- "-u %nct-rt- /roc"u&ui /n-& do-rc fapta nu
mai pate fi cnsiderat infrac$iune i nu mai pate fi sanc$inat ca atare"
S %n&' c$ %n "itu-i- r$"/undrii civi& d&ictu-& nu "unt -/&ic-*i& di"/o=iii&
Codu&ui #uncii; -rt.!52E!51< /rivind r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$.
). !"PUNDEEA PATI#ONIAL! 1I !"PUNDEEA #ATEIAL!

R$"/undr- #-tri-&$ -,- cu# - +o"t r'&#nt-t$ d vcFiu& Cod -&
#uncii;-rt.12!E124< ,i cu# "t /rv$=ut$ d Ordon-n- ?uvrnu&ui nr.1!1G144.A
54
&-
+& c- r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ A r/r=int$ frm a rspunderii &uridice, care cnst
(n %li*a$ia celr (ncadra$i de a repara, (n cndi$ile i limitele prevzute de le*e
,pre&udiciul cauzat unit$ii, din vina i (n le*tur cu munca lr"
5!
Art. 12 -&in.1 &it.'. din Codu& d /rocdur$ /n-&$
5)
Art.12 -&in.1 &it. +. Din Codu& d /rocdur$ /n-&$
54
A " vd- Hr*-n >&i'r$d-nuA E!amen de ansam%lu asupra Drdnan$ei Euvernului nr"4642411? privind rspunderea
material a militarilr, in LDr/tu&Bnr. 1!G144../.)E.
44
Dci A "t o r$"/undr contr-ctu-&$ *-=-t$ / cu&/$ A -r un c-r-ctr r/-r-tor A i-r
c& o*&i'-t &- -co/rir- /-'u*i "t un -n'-0-t. @n -#*& "itu-iiA "u#- "t-*i&it$
/ntru -co/rir- d-un&or " rin %n r-t &un-r din dr/turi& "-&-ri-& c-r " cuvin
/r"o-ni %n c-u=$ din /-rt- -n'-0-toru&ui.
@ntr c& dou$ c-t'orii d r$"/undr :i"t$ do"*iri cu# -r +i:
-. con"t$ %n -c- c$ r$"/undr- #-tri-&$ "t o r$"/undr &i#it-t$A,i /riv,t
nu#-i d-un& +ctivD nu ,i +o&o-"& nr-&i=-t c- %n c-=u& r$"/undrii
/-tri#oni-& "-u c&i civi& contr-ctu-&.
*. O -&t$ do"*ir con"t$ in "t-*i&ir ,i rcu/r-r /r0udiciu&ui %n c-dru
r$"/undrii #-tri-& " +ctu-=$ unilateral d c$tr -n'-0-toru& /$'u*itA du/$
o /rocdur$ "/ci-&$A c-r /r"u/un #itr- dci=ii d i#/ut-rA "-u du/$
c-=A -"u#-r- -n'-0-#ntu&ui d /&-t$ c con"titui tit&u :cutoriu.
51

Ac-"t$ /rocdur$ "t :c&u"$ %n c-=u& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-&.
*. !"PUNDEEA PATI#ONIAL! 1I !"PUNDEEA PENTU
DAUNE #OALE
56
C- ur#-r - #odi+ic$rii -rt.!(4 -&in. 1 din Codu& #uncii /rin L'- !)5G!225
55
a fst
re*lementat e!pres , /unCnd c-/$t di"/ut&or doctrin-r ,i r/r=int$ un #otiv /ntru
c-r 0uri"/rudn- "$ c-/t un c-r-ctr unit-rA rspunderea an*a&atrului i pentru
pre&udicile mrale prduse salaria$ilr"
L- rCndu& &orA ,i "-&-ri-ii vor r$"/und %n +-- -n'-0-toru&ui /ntru d-un #or-& %n
"itu-ii :/r" r'&#nt-t /rin di"/o=iii "/ci-&A /rcu#:
1. d-c$ -n'-0-toru& "t con"tituit /-rt civi&$ %ntrEun /roc"A "t %ndr/t$it "$
"o&icit d &- -c"t- r/-r-r- d-un&or #or-& /otrivit &'ii civi&D
!. in c-=u& %n c-r "-&-ri-tu& %nc-&c$ di"/o=iii& L'ii /rivind concurni n&oi-&
cauz-nd daune patrimniale sau mrale an*a&atrului su ,i tc.

51
A " vd- -rt.!!E!( din Ordon-n- ?uvrnu&ui nr.1!1G144. /rivind r$"/undr- #-tri-&$ - #i&it-ri&or
5(
A " vd- "u/r- C-/ito&u& I9 L Contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$B /ct.1(2.
55
Pu*&ic-t$ %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#CniiA P-rt- IA nr.445 din !1.25.!225.
41

CAPITOLUL *
CAU7E CAE E8ONEE7! !"PUNDEEA PATI#ONIAL!
E"t *incuno"cut d c$tr /-troni c$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - "-&-ri-tu&ui /o-t "$
-/-r$ do-r %n -nu#it condiiiA d"tu& d r"trictivA dinco&o d ncuno-,tr-
dr/turi&or "-&-ri-i&or ,i - -n'-0-tori&orE dinco&o d -*u=uri ,i %n&'ri /ntru
-tnu-r- r$"/undriA -/-r o /ro*&#$ c$ri- iE" '$""c #-i 'ru "o&uii.
*.1 E9ecutarea u,ei obligaii legale sau co,tractuale :ordi,ul de ser2iciu .i
res+ecti2 acordul a,ga;atorului<=
*.$ "tare de ,acesitate=
*.& iscul ,or-al al se2iciului=
*.* Ca>ul /ortuit sau /ora -a;or=
4(
*.1 E9ecutare u,ei obligaii legale sau co,tractuale :ordi,ul de ser2iciu .i
res+ecti2 acordul a,ga;atorului<
C- ,i %n do#niu& di"ci/&in-rA d-c$ "-&-ri-tu& - :cut-t un ordin v$dit i&'-&A v-
r$"/und #-tri-&D -c-,i "t "o&ui- d-c$ -cordu& -n'-0-toru&ui - -vutA &- +&A un
c-r-ctr v$dit i&'-&.
P d o /-rtA /otrivit -rt.42 -&in.1 &it.c din Codu& #unciiA -n'-0-toru& -r dr/tu& d -
d- di"/o=iii cu c-r-ctr o*&i'-toriu /ntru "-&-ri-tA "u* r=rv- &'-&it$ii &or.
P d -&t$ /-rtA r"/ct-r- ordinu&ui d "rviciu +iind d "n- di"ci/&iniiA +ir,t c$
"-&-ri-tu& nu r$"/und d /-'u*& c-u=-t -n'-0-toru&ui /rin :cut-r- ordinu&ui d
"rviciu /ri#itA cu condii- c- ordinu& "$ nu +i v$dit i&'-& "-u v$dit 'r,it;no/ortun<A
c- /r0udiciu& "$ nu +i +o"t con"cin- :cut$rii ncor"/un=$to-r - ordinu&ui d
"rviciu. A&t+&A -n'-0-tu& nu v- /ut- +i -/$r-t d r$"/undr "u* cuvCnt. Totu,i v-
/ut- %n"$ "$ invoc &i/"- d cu&/$ %n %n&'r- ron-t$ - di/o=iii /ri#it.
R&-tiv &- :cut-r- ordinu&ui d "rviciuA "t c&-r c$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ -
"-&-ri-tu&ui :i"t$ nu#-i %n i/ot=- %n c-rA - :cut$ un ordin d "rviciu A vidnt
n&'-&D di#/otriv$ r$"/undr- nu "t -ntrn-t$A d-c$ ordinu& /ri#it -v- o
/&-u=i*i&$ -/-rn$ d &'-&it-t. @n c-=u& ordinu&ui i&'-&A /ntru c- -c"t- "$ d-
totu,i n-,tr uni o*&i'-ii r-& %n "-rcin- -n'-0-tu&ui c$rui- - +o"t -dr"-tA #-i "t
nc"-r c- i&'-&it-t- ordinu&ui "$ nu +i v$dit$.
SE- "u"inut c$ nu -r +i nc"-r c- ordinu& d "rviciu "$ +i vdit n&'-& /ntru
:cut-r- &ui "$ -ntrn= r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - :cut-ntu&ui +iind suficient s
se cnstate (nclcarea culpa%il a %li*a$iei ce)i revenea" @ntrEo -&t$ o/iniA %n #$"ur-
%n c-r i&'-&it-t- ordinu&ui nu "t vidnt$A &- -/rcir- vinov$ii :cut-ntu&ui
tr*ui "$ /rv-&= %#/r0ur-r- c$ & - :cut-t un ordin d "rviciu / c-rA %n
/rinci/iuA r- o*&i'-t "$E& -duc$ &- %nd/&inir. P d -&t$ /-rtA "t /r-ctic i#/o"i*i&A
d-r ,i /$'u*itor /ntru *unu& #r" -& "rviciu&uiA %n c-dru& oric$ror -n'-0-toriA c$ ori
d cCt ori un "-&-ri-t /ri#,t din /-rt- unui "u/rior un ordin d "rviciuA
45
:cut-ntu& "$ nu d/$,-"c$ &- :cut-r /Cn$ cCnd nu vri+ic$ ,i nu "tudi-=$
&'-&it-t- "-u t#nici- &ui. D -c- "E- con"idr-tA o/ini- +iind %#*r$i,-t$ d
#u&i 0uri,ti: c$ vinov$i- "-u nvinov$i- :cut-ntu&ui "t %n +unci d +-/tu& d-c$
i&'-&it-t- ordinu&ui /ri#it r- v$dit$ "-u nu.
@n -c-,i tr#ni ur#-=$ - +i /u"$ ,i "o&uion-r- /ro*&#i +ctu&ui :onr-tor -&
ordinu&ui d "rviciu &'-&A d-r no/ortunA c-r - -vut dr/t ur#-r /$'u*ir-
-n'-0-toru&ui: %n #od nor#-& -n'-0-tu& -rA / &ini d "rviciuA /ri#,t di+rit
di"/o=iii &'-&; -c-"t$ i/ot=$ "t di"cut-t$< A nu "t inut "$ -/rci= uti&it-t "-u
o/ortunit-t- &or ,i nici nu -r /ut-A "$ r+u= :cut-r- "u* cuvCnt c$ ordinu& /ri#it
nu i " /-r 0u"tA do-rc A d -ct +-/t r$"/und "u/rioru& -n'-0-tu&ui c-r iE- d-t
-c& ordin. A dcid -&t+&A cFiv-&-=$ cu "u#in-r- conducrii A cu n"ocotir-
di"ci/&ini #uncii %n 'nr-&A +iind un /rinci/iu +und-#nt-& -& o'-ni=$rii #uncii ,i -
dr/tu&ui #uncii.
@n c /riv,t :cut-r- uni o*&i'-ii contr-ctu-&A -c-"t-A /r"u/unA -ducr- &-
%nd/&inir - uni c&-u= contr-ctu-& d c-r "t inut -n'-0-toru& ,i c-r " :cut$
+ctivA "-&-ri-tu& %n c-u=$. D-rA %n -c-,i "itu-iA -cordu& -'-0-toru&ui &- r"/ctivu&
contr-ctA - -vut un c-r-ctr v$dit i&'-& ,i "-&-ri-tu& - cuno"cut -c"t +-/tA c& %n c-u=$
v- r$"/und /-tri#oni-&.
Acordu& -n'-0-toru&ui " -"-#$n$ cu ordinu& d "rviciuA con"tituind o c-u=$ d
:onr-r %n c-=u& cCnd -c"t-A /rin or'-n& "-& -utori=-=$ un "-&-ri-t "$ /rocd=
&- -ciuni c-r -u c- +ct di#inu-r /-tri#oniu&ui unit$ii. Acordu& unit$ii
:onr-=$ d r$"/undr nu#-i d-c$ "t v$dit &'-&. D"*ir- d ordinu& d
"rviciuA c-r /o-t #-n- d &- oric-r conduc$tor ir-FicA %n c-=u& -cordu&ui
-n'-0-toru&ui A con"i$#Cntu& /o-t +i d-t nu#-i d c$tr A /r"o-n- A c-r -r c-&it-t-
d or'-n -& /r"o-ni 0uridic. D -"#n- A -cordu& r/r=int$ o %ncuvin-rA i-r
ordinu& d "rviciu o*&i'$ &- :cut-r- -c"tui-.
*.$ "tarea de ,ecesitate
4.
St-r- d nc"it-t d,i "t r'&#nt-t$A :c&u"iv d codu& /n-& %n -rt.41C./n
5.
.A
totu,i %,i r'$",t -/&ic-r- ,i %n do#niu& r-/orturi&or d #unc$. Ac-"t- /ntru c$A
din d+inii r=u&t$ c$ :i"tn- unui /rico& 'r-v dtr#in$ o -nu#it$ /r"o-n$ "$
"$vCr,-"c$ o -*-tr d &- di"ci/&in- #uncii /ntru - "-&v- o -nu#it$ v-&o-r "oci-&$.
@n c-=u& "t$rii d nc"it-t "t vor*- d o circu#"t-n$A %#/r0ur-r n/rv$=ut$A
c-r /r=int$ un r-& /rico& /ntru o /r"o-n$ "-u un *un i#/ort-nt -c"tui-.
E:#/&u: inund-iiD cutr#urD incndiiA d-r ,i o d+ciun &- o in"t-&-i o c-u=$ d
"$n$t-t tc.
PrintrEo -n-&o'i cu /rvdri& codu&ui /n-&A %n "itu-i- %n c-r "-&-ri-tu&A c-r -
"$vCr,it +-/t- ,iE- d-t "-#- c$ /ricinui,t ur#$ri v$dit #-i 'r-v dcCt c& c-r "E-r
+i /rodu" d-c$ /rico&u& nu r- %n&$tur-tA c-u=- d nr$"/undr nu o/r-=$A i-r %n
con"cin$A "-&-ri-tu& v- r$"/und /-tri#oni-&.
*.& I"CUL NO#AL AL "E%ICIULUI
Ri"cu& nor#-& -& "rviciu&ui "t r/r=nt-t d /irdri& c-r " /roduc d o*ici %n
/roc"u& #uncii ,i c-rA d-torit$ +-/tu&ui c$ "unt /rvi=i*i&A " %n"criu %n "+r-
/irdri&or u=u-& ,i " /ot d-tor- A +i c-r-ctru&ui *unu&uiA "-u - #i0&o-c&or -+&-t &-
di"/o=ii /ntru /$"tr-r- *unuri&or r"/ctiv.
@n dr/tu& civi&A contr-ct& "in-&-'-#-ticA /rin noiun- d risc " %n&'
rv*r-i- +ct&or c-=u&ui +ortuit "-u -& +ori #-0or -"u/r- /$ri&or contr-ct-ntA
i-r %n dr/tu& #uncii :c&udr- :/r"$ - ri"cu&ui nor#-t -& "rviciu&ui %n rCndu&
c-u=&or :onr-to-r d r$"/undr /-tri#oni-&$ / d o /-rtA contur-=$ noiun-
d +-/t$ i&icit$ ,i &i#it-=$ #-i :-ct cC#/u& d -/&ic-r - noiunii d vinov$i.
Ri"cu& nor#-t indic$A /irdri& inrnt /roc"u&ui d /roduci c-r " %nc-dr-=$ %n
&i#it& /rv$=ut d &'. Ac"t /irdri " :/ri#$ %n d+rit nor# d
/ri"-*i&it$iA to&r-nA "c$=$#int tc.A +iind "t-*i&itA %n r-/ort cu "/ci+icu& +ic$ri
c-t'orii d /rodu".
5.
Codu& /n-& ro#Cn
44
*.* CA7UL )OTUIT 1I )OA #A(O!
Con+or# -rt.!52 -&in.! din Codu& #unciiA "-&-ri-ii nu r$"/und /-tri#oni-& d
/-'u*& /rovoc-t d +or$ #-0or$ "-u d -&t c-u= c-r nu /ut-u - +i %n&$tur-t. @n
"n$A i#/rvi=i*i&it-t- vni#ntu&ui "t tr$"$tur- di"tinct$ - c-=u&ui +ortuit ,i "
dtr#in$ concrt inCnduE" "-#- d +&u& cuno,ti&or c tr*ui-u %n"uit d -utorA
%n r-/ort cu +unci- %nd/&init$.
54
Pntru +or$ #-0or$A c-r-ctri"tic- d+initori "t invici*i&it-t- vni#ntu&uiA c-rA
tr*ui -/rci-t$ %n concrtA -dic$ %n r-/ort cu /o"i*i&it$i& +ctiv -& "-&-ri-tu&ui d
- " o/un -ciunii. E"t nc"-r c- "-&-ri-tu& "$ nu +i contri*uit /rin cu&/- "- A &-
/roducr- vni#ntu&ui.
Nici -n'-0-toru& ,i nici or'-n& d 0uridici - #uncii nu "unt %ndr/t$it "$ #-0or=
co+icinii "t-*i&iii &'-&.
Pntru - " /ut- -cord- &'-& %n"$ /rocnt& d /irdriA /rv$=ut %n -ct&
nor#-tiv c-r & dtr#in$A tr*ui "$ " +i /rodu" +ctiv d-torit$ c-u=&or -vut %n
vdr d &'iuitorA d-c$ "unt dtr#in-t d co#/ort-r "-&-ri-tu&uiA -tunci cCnd
/-'u*- "t i#/ut-*i&$ -c"tui-A i-r /rocnt& d /irdri /rv$=ut d &' r/r=int$
&i#it- #-:i#$ - -c"tor-.

54
A " vd- A&:-ndru 3ic&- , Tratat de dreptul muncii, Edi$ia aIIIa, Editur- Univr"u& Juridic A >ucur,tiA !224
12
CAPITOLUL 5
!"PUNDEEA PATI#ONIAL! A UNIT!II )A! DE "ALAIAI
5.1 NATUA (UIDIC! A !"PUNDEII UNIT!II
Potri2t art.$6? din Codu& #uncii A unit-t- "t o*&i'-t$A -dic$ -n'-0-toru&A "$
d"/$'u*-"c$ /r"o-n- %nc-dr-t$ %n #unc$A %n "itu-i- %n c-r -c-"t- - "u+rit A din
cu&/- unit$iiA un /r0udiciuA %n ti#/u& %nd/&inirii %nd-tori&or d #unc$ "-u %n &'$tur$
cu "rviciu&.
Unit-t-;-n'-0-toru&< c-r - /&$tit d"/$'u*iri& "t o*&i'-t$ "$ rcu/r= "u#&
/&$tit d &- /r"o-n- vinov-t$ d /roducr- /-'u*iA %n condiii& &'ii.
3inCduE" "-#- d r-/ortu& 0uridic &- c-r " r+r$ ,i d di"/o=iii& c-r o
r'&#nt-=$ r$"/undr- unit$ii A "t o r$"/undr contr-ctu-&$ d dr/tu& #unciiA
Codu& c-r " %ntr',t cu nor#& -/&ic-*i& r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&. A,- d-r
+iindA unit-t- -r /ut- +i o*&i'-t$ ,i &- /&-t- unor d-un #or-& A /ntru /r0udiciu&
n/-tri#oni-& "u+rit d "-&-ri-tA #-i -&" %n "itu-i- cCnd -c"t- - "u+rit un -ccidnt
d #unc$ ,iG"-u - cont-ct-t o *o-&$ /ro+"ion-&$A c- c /r"u/un v$t$#-r-
11
"$n$t$ii "-u - int'rit$ii cor/or-& ,i c-rA unoriA -tr-' irvir"i*i&A /irdr- ori
di#inu-r c-/-cit$ii d #unc$. I-r &iti'ii& %n &'$tur$ cu r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ -
unit$ii "unt &iti'ii d #unc$A cu o :c/i A c-=u& %n c-r unit-t-;-n'-0-toru&<A -r +i
cF#-t "$ r$"/und$ civi&#nt %ntrEun /roc" /n-&.

1.! CONDIIILE !"PUNDEII PATI#ONIALE A UNIT!II
To-t condiii& d :i"tn$ -& r$"/undrii 0uridicA c-r -u +o"t -n-&i=-t /Cn$
-cu# r+rito-r &- "-&-ri-i A " r'$"c ,i %n c-=u& r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& -&
unit$ii cu# "unt:
-. "$ :i"t +-/t- i&cit$D
*. "$ :i"t un /r0udiciu crtD
c. "$ :i"t un r-/ort d c-u=-&it-t dintr +-/t- i&icit$ ,i /r0udiciuD
d. ,i "$ :i"t cu&/- .
Cu&/- "t o condii :/r" /rv$=ut$ d &' /ntru -n'-0-r- r$"/undrii unit$ii.
Potrivit unor r'u&i d dr/t co#un %n #-tri- r$"/undrii contr-ctu-&A d*itoru& c-r
nu ,iE- %nd/&init o*&i'-ii& "t /r=u#-t %n cu&/$A +iind -/$r-t d r$"/undr nu#-i
d-c$ dovd,t c$ - +o"t %#/idic-t "$ :cut /rvdri& contr-ctu&ui /rintrEo c-u=$
c-r nuEi /o-t +i i#/ut-t$.
.2
6$r$ %ndoi-&$A r'u&- %,i '-",t -/&ic-r ,i %n c- c
/riv,t r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - unit$ii.
5.& CA7UILE @N CAE UNITATEA !"PUNDE PATI#ONIAL
.2
A " vd-: -rt.12.! ,i 12.) din Codu& civi&
1!
C- oric-r -&t$ r'u&$ d /rinci/iuA di"/o=iii& -rt.!(4A din Codu& #uncii /ot +i
incidnt %n nu#ro-" "itu-ii . E:#/&u:
o*&i'-i- unit$ii d - /&$ti d"/$'u*iri %n c-= d -nu&-r d d"+-cr -
cont-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$A o*inut$ /rintrEo Fot$rCr 0udc$tor-"$
d+initiv$ ,i irvoc-*i&$D
d"/$'u*ir- /r"o-ni "u"/d-t din +unci %n ur#- con"t-t$rii nvinov$iiD
c-=uri ti/ic /ntu r$"/undr- unit$ii "unt c& /rivind -ccidnt& d #unc$ .
5.* !"PUNDEEA PATI#ONIAL! A UNIT!II PENTU PE(UDICILE
CAU7ATE AN'A(AILO PIN ACCIDENTE DE #UNC! 1I 0OLI
PO)E"IONALE
Con+or# -rt.!(4 din Codu& #unciiA "t-*i&,t c$ -n'-0-toru& A "t o*&i'-t %n condiii&
&'ii "$E& d"/$'u*-"c$ / "-&-ri-tA %n "itu-i- %n c-rA -c"t- - "u+rit un /r0udiciu %n
ti#/u& "-rcini&or d "rviciuA %n &'$tur$ cu #unc- "-. An'-0-toru& c-r - /&$tit
d"/$'u*iri& "t o*&i'-t$ "$ rcu/r= "u#& /&$tit d &- /r"o- vinov-t$ d
/roducr- /-'u'u*i.
D"i'ur d-c$ victi#- unui -ccidnt d #unc$ "-u -n'-0-tu& "E- %#*o&n$vit d o *o-&$
/ro+"ion-&$ -r dr/tu& %n /rinci/-& &- -"i'ur$ri& "oci-&. A,-d-rA c& c-r - +o"t
-ccidnt-t "-u "E- %#*o&n$vit /o-t "$ introduc$ %n "u*"idi-r ,i co#/&#nt-rA o
-ciun %n 0u"tii "u* -"/ctu& /r0udiciu&ui. D-rA -"i'ur$ri& "oci-& /ot -co/rii tot-&
"-u /-ri-& /r0udiciu& "u+rit. Atunci cCnd -c"t- nu "t int'r-& -co/ritA -ciun- -r
c-r-ctru& uni nc"it$i o*ictiv.
Ac-"t$ -ctiunA c- +or#$ - r$"/undrii /-tri#oni-& tr*ui "$ %ntrun-"c$ -nu#it
tr$"$turi cu# -r +i:
.1
1. "t o r$"/undr contr-ctu-&$ d dr/tu& #unciiA -r &- *-=$ /rvdri&
-rt.!(4 din Codu& #uncii ,i " co#/&t-=$ cu c&&-&t di"/o=iii -& &'i"&-ii
.1
Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cu Dretul muncii,p"cit", p"6>6
1)
#unciiA %n #$"ur- %n c-r nu "unt inco#/-ti*i& cu "/ci+icu& r-/orturi&or d
#unc$A cu di"/o=ii& &'i"&-ii civi&. C& c-r introduc -ciun %n 0u"tii
/ntru d-un "u+ritA %#/otriv- unit$ii " v- /rv-&- d :i"tn- c&-u=&or d
"curit-t c-r "unt /rv$=ut %n contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$.
!. "$ +i o r$"/undr c -r &- *-=$ vinov$i- -n'-0-toru&ui. Ac"t$ c-r-ctri"tic$
"t #ntion-t$ %n -c&-, -rtico& din Codu& #unciiA i-r r$"/undr-A +iind d ti/
cont-ctu-&A cu&/- "t /r=u#-t$. @n ur#- crct$ri&or " "t-*i&,t cu :-tit-t
,i %n #od concrt c-u=& ,i %#/r0ur$ri& %n c-r - -vut &oc -ccidntu& "-u
%#*o&n$vir- /ro+"ion-&$A c /rvdri din nor#& d /rotci- - #uncii -u
+o"t r"/ct-t "-u %nc$&c-tA "-u d #dicin$ - #uncii ,i /r"o-n& c-r " +-c
vinov-t.
). @n c-=u& %n c-rA /rin i/ot=$A d&'-tu& c-r " -+&$ %n d&'-rA -c"t- r$#Cn
&'-t /rin r-/orturi& 0uridic d #unc$ nu#-i d unit-t c-r &E- d&-'-t
r$#CnCnd "u*odon-t -c"ti- . Ac"t- "t o*&i'-t "$ r"/ct no#& d
di"ci/&in$ ,i /rotci - #uncii A "/ci+ic -c"tui-A &- unit-t- und - +o"t
d&'-t. D-c$ /r"o-n- d&'-t$ - "u+rit un -ccidnt d #unc$ "-u - cont-ct-t
o *o-&$ /ro+"ion-&$ %n virtut- c&-u=i d "curit-t din contr-ctu& individu-& d
#unc$ A c-r %& -r cu unit-t- d&'-to-rA /o-t "$ " %nto-rc$ cu -ciun %n
d-un %#/otriv- -c"ti-. Nu "t :c&u"$ /o"i*i&it-t c- c& /r0udici-& A -dic$
c& v$t$#-t A /r"o-n$ +i=ic$A "$ -cion= cu#u&-tivA -tCt %#/otriv-
-n'-0-toru&ui c-r - di"/u" d&'-r-A %n *-=- contr-ctu&ui individu-& d #unc$A
cCt ,i %#/otriv- c&ui &- c-r - +o"t d&'-t ,i c-r " -+&$ %n cu&/$. Sunt c-=uri %n
c-r -ccidntu& d #unc$ "-u *o-&$ /ro+"ion-&$ -r dr/t co"cin$ dc"u&
victi#i. E"t +ir"c c$ c& c-r ,iE-u /irdut intrin$toru& "$ /rtind$ c&ui
vinov-t "$Ei d"/$'u*-"c$.
14

CONCLU8II
C- &#nt d "tructur$ %n c-dru& ,tiin&or dr/tu&uiA r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A
r'&#nt-t$ d codu& #uncii; %n ""u& -n-&i=i "-&<. Con"titui A o +or#$ "/ci+ic$ d
r$"/undr 0uridic$A +iind o v-rit-t - r$"/undrii civi& contr-ctu-&A cu
/-rticu&-rit$i& dtr#in-t d "/ci+icu& r-/orturi&or d #unc$.
Lucr-r- d +-$ -n-&i=-=$A -tCt r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ - -n'-0-toru&ui %n "itu-i- %n
c-rA din cu&/- "- " /roduc A /r0udiciu& "-&-ri-tu&uiA d-r ,i r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$
- "-&-ri-tu&ui -tunci cCnd " /roduc /-'u* -n'-0-toru&ui "$u.
An'-0-toru& /o-t "$ r$"/und$A nu nu#-i /ntru /r0udici& #-tri-&A /rcu# ,i c&
#or-&A -tunci cCnd /rin #$"ur- di"/u"$ - -+ct-t: ono-r-A d#nit-t-A "n"i*i&it-t-A
"nti#nt& ,i /r"on-&it-t- "-&-ri-tu&ui. D"i'urA c$ r$"/undr- A%n di"cui "t
un- cu#u&-tiv$A -tCt /ntru d-un& #-tri-&A cCt ,i /ntru c& #or-&A "-u du/$ c-=A
" /ot +-c r+rir nu#-i &- un& dintr &.
R'u&- "t c$ d"/$'u*ir- v- intrvnii A c- ur#-r - %n&'rii /$ri&orA i-r %n c-=
d r+u= -& -n'-0-toru&uiA "-&-ri-tu& /r0udici-tA -r /o"i*i&it-t- "$ " -dr"=
in"t-n&or d 0udc-t$A co#/tnt %n "o&uion-r c-=uri&or.
R"/ctCnd /rinci/iu& "i#triiACodu& #uncii r'&#nt-=$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$
- "-&-ri-i&orA d-r %n -nu#it condiii o*&i'-toriu d %nd/&initA -,- cu# -u +o"t :/u"
%n &ucr-r- d +-$.
Astfel pentru e!isten$a acestei rspunderii sunt cerute mai multe cndi$iiF
1. "$ +i o /-'u*$ #-tri-&$D
11
!. /-'u*- "$ " d-tor= din vin- "-&-ri-tu&uiD
). "$ -i*$ &'$tur$ cu #unc- c&ui vinov-tD
Codu& #uncii r'&#nt-=$ ,i c-u=& d :onr-r d r$"/undr "-u d
nr"/on"-*i&it-t. @n -+-r$ d +or- #-0or$A %n rCndu& -c"tor c-u=A " /ot nu#$r-:
"t-r d nc"it-tA ordinu& d "rviciuA -cordu& -n'-0-toru&uiA ,i -&t&.
@n /r-ctic- 0udici-r$A in"t-n& d 0udc-t$ A tr*ui "$ vri+ic -tnt ,i -#$nunitA "$
con"t-tA d-c$ "unt %nd/&init condiii& c-r -ntrn-=$ r$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$ -
/$ri&orA %n r-/orturi& d #unc$A cCt ,i condii& c-r :onr-=$ d -c-"t$
r$"/undr.
>I>LIO?RA6IE

AUTORII DE SPECIALITATE
1. S-nd- ?Fi#/uA A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Dr/tu& #unciiA Editur- A&& >cQA >ucur,tiA
!222
!. P-nt&i#on M-nt-A 7-"i& ?Fi#i,iA Dr/tu& #uncii ,i "curit$ii "oci-&A Editur-
Ac-d#ic- >rCncu,iA T' JiuA!222
). D-ci-n Co"#in Dr-'o,A R#u" CFiciud-nA ?in- DoFot-rA Dr/tu& #uncii;cur"
univr"it-rA dii- - IIE-A -ctu-&i=-t$<AEditur- S+r- Juridic$A!221
). A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Tr-t-t d dr/tu& #unciiA Edii- -EI7E-A Editur- Univr"u&
JuridicA >ucur,tiA !212
4. A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Codu& #unciiA vo&u#u& IEIIA Edii- -EIIE-A Editur- Univr"u&
JuridicA *ucur,ti A !212
1. A&:-ndru 3ic&-A L-ur- ?or'"cuA Dr/t /u*&ic -& #unciiA Editur- Univr"u&
JuridicA >ucur,ti !212
(. A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Dr/tu& #unciiA cur" univr"it-rA Edii- -EIIIE-A Editur- Univr"u&
5. Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA Tr-t-t tortic ,i /r-ctic d dr/tu& #unciiA Editur-
Univr"u& JuridicA >ucur,tiA !212
1(
.. Andri Po/"cu. Dr/t intrn-ion-& ,i uro/-n -& #unciiA Edii- -EIIE-AEditur-
C.K.>cQA >ucur,ti !22.
4. Nico&- 7oicu&"cuA Dr/tu& #uncii.R'&#nt$rii intrn ,i co#unit-rAEditur-
Mo&tr" N&uOrA >ucur,tiA !224
12. >-tric Mi"cFiACon+&ict& d #unc$.Cu&'r d /r-ctic$ 0udici-r$A Editur-
Moro,-nuA >ucur,tiA !212
11. Co"t& ?%&c$ACodu& uro/-n -& #uncii ,i "curit$ii "oci-&A Editur- Mo&tr"
N&uOrA >ucur,tiA !224
1!. Luci- U$A 6&orntin- Rot-ruA Si#on- Cri"t"cuA Juridici- #unciiA contr-ct
co&ctiv d #unc$.Con+&ict d #unc$A Editur- K-#-n'iuA >ucur,tiA !212
1). Luci- U$A 6&orntin- Rot-ruA Si#on- Cri"t"cuAR$"/undr- di"ci/&in-r$.
R$"/undr- /-tri#oni-&$A contr-vnion-&$ ,i /n-&$A Editur- K-#-n'iuA >ucur,tiA
!224
14. M-r- Io-nA Contr-ctu& individu-& d #unc$ ,i convni- civi&$ d /r"t$ri d
"rviciiA Editur- Mo&tr" N&uOrA >ucur,tiA !224
11. R-du R$=v-n Po/"cuA Dr/t /n-& -& #unciiA Editur- Mo&tr" N&uOrA >ucur,tiA
!22.
1(. S-nd- ?Fi#/uA A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Dr/tu& #unciiA Editur- A&& >cQA >ucur,tiA
!221
15. A&:-ndru 3ic&-A L-ur- ?or'"cuA Dr/t /u*&ic -& #unciiA Editur- Univr"u&
JuridicA >ucur,ti !212
1..D-ci-n- E&n- S%n'or=-nA R$"/undr- contr-ctu-&$ %n #-tri civi&$ ,i
co#rci-&$A Editur- K-#-n'iuA >ucur,tiA !224
14. 6r-nci"c D-QA Tr-t-t d dr/t civi&A Contr-ct "/ci-&A Editur- Act-#iA
>ucur,tiA 1444
!2. Liviu Po/A Dr/t civi& ro#Cn.Tori- 'nr-&$ - o*&i'-i&orA Editur- Lu#in- L:A
>ucur,tiA !222
!1. Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA Tr-t-t d dr/tu& #unciiA Editur- Mo&tr" N&uOrA
>ucur,tiA !225
15
!!. S-nd- ?Fi#/uA A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Dr/tu& #unciiA Editur- A&& >cQA >ucur,tiA
!221
!). Con"t-ntin St$t"cuA Corn&iu >Cr"-nA Dr/t civi&.Tori- 'nr-&$ - o*&i'-ii&orA
Editur- A&&A >ucur,ti 1445
!4. Ion Tr-i-n Ht+$n"cuA Hr*-n >&i'r$d-nuA Codu& #unciiA Editur- Lu#in:A
>ucur,tiA !22)
!1. A&:-ndru 3ic&-A Tr-t-t d dr/tu& #unciiA Edii- -EI7E-A Editur- Univr"u&

ACTE NORMATI7E

!(. Codu& #unciiEL'- 1)G!22)A /u*&ic-t %n Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#Cnii nr.5! din
1 +*ru-ri !22)A cu u&ti#i& #odi+ic$ri -du" /rin L'- nr.))1G!224 /u*&ic-t$ %n
Monitoru& O+ici-& -& Ro#CniiA P-rt- IA nr.554 din 1) noi#*ri !224
!5. Codu& /n-& ro#Cn
!.. Codu& civi& ro#Cn
PU>LICA3II DE SPECIALITATE
!4. Rvi"t- Ro#Cn$ d Dr/tu& MunciiA nr.!G!22)
)2. Rvi"t- Ro#Cn$ d Dr/tu& MunciiA nr.4G!225
)1. Rvi"t- R Dr/tu& RAnr.11G!22( D nr.4G!22)D
)!. Rvi"t- R Dr/tu& RAnr.11G!22( D nr.4G!22)D
)). Rvi"t- R Dr/tu& R nr.4E1! din1442
1.

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