Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Andreia
Grupa: 3156
P loiesti
2012 -2013
1| P a ge
Anul: IV
2| P a ge
Tema proiectului:
Calculul tehnologic al
serpentine cuptorului de
piroliza a benzinei
3| P a ge
CUPRINS
Compozitia
6.
Calculul
serpentine in ZR
7.
Discutia
rezultatelor.Concluzii.
Anexe
Bibliografie
4| P a ge
1. OBIECTIVE:
Stabilirea numarului de serpentine in paralel;
Dimensionarea serpentinei: determinarea lunigimii acesteia in ZC, ZR;
numar coturi;
bilanturi masice, termice pe serpentina;
determinarea parametrilor de functionare (presiune, temperatura) de-a
lungul serpentinei;
estimare VV (LHSV, h-1) si a timpului total de stationare in zona de
reactie.
5| P a ge
Nr.Crt.
1
2
3
%Vol. distilat
0
5
10
Temperatura, C
55
63
70
4
5
20
30
79
87
6
7
8
40
50
60
94
101
108
9
10
70
80
115
122
11
12
13
90
95
100
130
136
145
Curba ASTM
20
60
40
80
100
120
% vol distilat
m2*h'
kcal
m 2 * h;
>
>
>
>
6| P a ge
Hidrogen
Metan
Acetilena
Etena
Etan
Propena
Propan
C4''
(C3H4; C4H4; 1-C4H6; 1,2-, 1,3-C4H6)
Butene
(1-C4'; cis-, trans-2-C4'; i-C4')
Butan (n+i)
Benzina
Combustibil lichid greu
H2
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
C3H8
C4H5
Compozitie,
%masa
0,50
5,20
0,40
25,00
4,10
18,40
2,60
7,70
Masamola
ra
2,016
16,043
26,038
28,054
30,070
42,081
44,097
53,084
C4H8
7,40
56,108
C4H10
-
4,70
16,00 (xcf)
8,00
58,123
(MP)
250
3) Caracterisitici constructive
Dimensiuni tuburi:
Diametru interior
di = 80 mm
Diametru exterior
Lungime
de = 100 mm
Lu = 8 m
4) Cinetica
Se admite o cinetica aparenta (globala) de ordin I pentru piroliza benzinei:
vR = k * Cb z
TT
. kmolbztransf
7| P a ge
8| P a ge
9| P a ge
de
de
serpentina de reactie
serpentina de preincalzire
arzatoare laterale
arzatoare de podea
zidarie
refractara
schelet
de rezistenta
podet de deservire
scara de acces arzatoare
suspensie tevi radiatie
gura de acces
clanpeta de observatie
tevi
princalzire apa demineralizata
tevi
preincalzirea buri
141516-
racitor
colector
ghidaj
10 | P a g e
de gaz cracat
de abur
Convertirea unei densitati relative in alta poate fi facuta cu una din ecuatiile:
df = 0,730
d }5;6 = 0,9952 * dl0 + 0,00806 => d 1= 0,73456
d gg = 1,001 * dl5,6
d }5;6 = 0,9915 * p20 + 0,00 8 0 6
20
Variatia densitatii, pL, kg/m , a unei fractiuni petroliere sau a unui titei in faza lichid
temperatura poate fi estimata cu functia:
p (d ,t
(1000 d
2,29 - 6,34 * d| 0 + 5,965 * (dl 0)2)
L 4 ) = 4 *
Tabelul 1 ..
Nr. Crt
%Vol.distilat
Temperatura, C
Temperatura, K
T,K(VE)
t,0C(VE)
1
0
55
328.15
352.501
79.351
2
10
70
343.15
358.422
85.272
3
30
87
360,15
359.577
86.427
4
50
101
374,15
363.052
89.902
5
70
115
388,15
373.408
100.258
6
90
130
403,15
380.013
106.863
7
100
145
418,15
380.668
107.518
55 20
PL(d40, ^ = 0,730 * (1000 - 2,29-6,34. 0,730 + 5,965 . 0,7302) = 699576 ^
70 20
P, (dl 0 ,t 1 0 %vol) = 0,730 * (1000 - ^7^7^7:7) = 686.537kg/ m 3
U
B/
L410
%vo
V 2,29 - 6,34 * 0,730 + 5,965 * 0,7302/
87 20
P, (dl 0 ,t 3 0 %vol) = 0,730 * (1000 - r ^ r n ^ n , ) = 6 7 1 . 7 5 9 k / m 3
2
U
Ll30
%vo
V 2,29 - 6,34 * 0,730 + 5,965 * 0,730 J
'
t
101-20
\
P, (dl 0 ,t 50 %vol) = 0,730 * (1000 - ^ r ^ r , ) = 6 5 9 . 5 9 1 k / m 3
2
Ll50
voU
%
V 2,29 - 6,34 * 0,730 + 5,965 * 0,730 J
'
115 20
0 730
P L ^WD = ,
* I1000' 2,29 - 6,34 * 0.730 + 5,965 * 0,7302) = 647-421kg/m3
130 20
(10006 4
k /m3
(d20 t
)
PL , l = 0,73 *
2,29-6,34 * 0,730+ 5,965 * 0,7302) = 3 .382 g
/ 7n
PL
(dl0 t
11 | P a g e
, i00%vol
730
(1000 -
145 - 20
\
621343 k/m3
)
2,29-6,34* 0,730 +5,965 * 0,7302 =
cu
80
= 100,6 0,3161379 * eV
= 100,6 0,4388152 * eV
12 | P a g e
9 '
98.744-
"
0 84 76 * 1 0 " 3 * Tm M e f* d { | \ )
600 7
= 42,9654 * 368.729^
* (0,73456) ,983 08
4
^ e(2,0 97 * 1 0 " * 3 68. 792 - 7, 7 87 12 * 0, 7 34 56+2, 0 84 76 * 1 0 "3 * 3 68. 792 * 0, 7345 6) _ gg gg^
13 | P a g e
3.5.RaportC
RWC
= 8,7743 * 10_ 1 0 * e( 7' 1 76* 1 " 3 *Tb+3 0'06242 <5,6 -7,35*10"3*Tb*d^) * Tb 0,98445
_ (A 1 5,6\- 1 8,2 7 5 3
* 15,6)
= 8 7743 * 10- 10 * e( 7, 1 76 * 1 0 " 3 * 3 74. 1 5+3 0, 0 6242 * 0, 7 34 56 - 7, 3 5 * 1 0" 3 * 3 74. 1 5 * 0, 7345 6)
* 3 74.15 - 0,98445 * (0,7 3 4 56)- 18,2753 = 6.2 2 6
Tb = t5 0 o/oVol + 273,15 = 101 + 273,15 = 374,15 K
c
Cunoscand raportul masic raportul dintre numarul de atomi de H si cel de C5 poate fi calculat
H
cu relatia:
A c 1 12,011 1
RaH = * ---------- = -------------* ----------= 1 794
c A Rwc 1,008 6.642 .
H
Curba VE a fractiunii petroliere se poate determina prin calcul, pe baza curbei de distilare
ASTM, cu ajutorul metodei Riazi-Daubert. Aceasta foloseste urmatoarele relatii pentru gasirea
temperaturilor, TiVE, K, de pe curba VE, plecand de la temperaturile TiASTM, K, de pe curba
ASTM.
T
14 | P a g e
Tabel 2.Coeficienti din relatie pentru convertirea curbei de distilare ASTM la curba VE.
I
Ai
Bi
Ci
Domeniu de temperatura
%Vol.
1
2
3
4
5
6
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
2,9747
1,4459
0,8506
3,2680
8,2873
10,6266
0,8466
0,9511
1,0315
0,8274
0,6871
0,6529
0,4209
0,1287
0,0817
0,6214
0,9340
1,1025
(ASTM), C
10 - 265
60 - 320
90 - 340
110 - 355
130 - 400
160 - 520
100
7,9952
0,6949
1,0737
190 - 430
Tabel 3
%Vol.
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
15 | P a g e
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea atmosferica, K
352.501
358.422
359.577
363.052
373.408
380.013
380.668
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea atmosferica, C
79.351
85.272
86.427
89.902
100.258
106.863
107.518
120
100
80 +
a>
a.
60
E
40
20
0
0
20
40
80
60
100
120
% Volum
Tnf-41 1393 - Tf
Log(p) = 3,2041 * (1 0,998
Tf 41 1393
Tnf 1393
Tnf 41
1393
41
16
Page
Presiunea:
p = 5,5 bar
1)
)
Tnf
41
/log,
0(5,5)
0,998 * ( 3,2041
1
/log , o(5,5) \
1
0,998 *( 3,2041 x)
, 41 * (log 1 o(5,5)
1393
1393
_ 0,998 * ( 3,2041 1) *
1393
Tf
Tf
17 | P a g e
1
/log, o(5,5)
0,998 *( 3,2041
1) * 352.501 1393
352.501 41
1)
352.501 1393
352.501 41
* 358.422 1393
358.422 41
358.422 1393
358.422 41
= 414.431K
= 426.078 K
JL * (
l0g
/logi0(5,5) \
( 3,2041 1)
. 1 /logio(5,5) \ 359.577 1393
1
+ 0,998 *( 3,2041 1) * 359.577 41
, 41 * (logi o(5,5) A * 363.052 1393
+ 0,998 ( 3,2041 1) 363.052 41 _
, , 1 /logio(5,5)
363.052 1393 431.301 K
1
+ 0,998 *( 3,2041
1
) * 363.052 41
1393
Tf _
114
1393
1393
+ 41 * /logi o(5,5)
373.408 1393
/log i o(5,5) \
1202{
41 ; /log! o(5,5)
/log i o(5,5) \
1)
0,998
*(
3,2041
*
380.668
117
, , 1 /log i o(5,5)
380.668 1393 451.335 K
1
+0,998 *( 3,2041 1) * 380.668 41
Tabel
18 | P a g e
41
4.
%Volum
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
19 | P a g e
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,5 bar, K
414.431
426.078
427.399
431.301
443.025
450.451
451.335
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,5 bar, C
141.281
152.928
154.249
158.151
169.875
177.301
178.185
%Volum
3.8.Vascozitati
t,
v
Vascozitatea cinematica, vL, m /s, a unei fractiuni petroliere lichide la diferite temperaturi
C,
se
poate
exprima
cu
relatia:
L(d 15,6'KW't)
(d15:6 * K W )
2 --------------------------- * e 154.249+2 73
779.487
20 | P a g e
10 - 6 2 K W
101,766
- 29,263
0, 5 2 5
xv(di5:6, K W )
xv(di 5;6:Kw)
* e t+2 7 3
Unde:
xv(d15;6, KW) el17 1 7+0;
Relatie valabila pentru:
0029254 (d
- S6-
w)S]
^ xv(d15:6: K ) 779.487
W
(K * d 15,6) < 10,74 => (11.875 * 0,73456) < 10,74 => 8.723 < 10.74 (F)
W
101,766
(0,73456 11,875) ,
3.376* 10 - 7 m2/s
101,766
,
(0,73456 11,875)
3.207 * 10 - 7 m2/s
101,766
L(d
15,6,
W,
0%vol)
29,263
29,263
29,263
21 | P a g e
L(d
W't
15,6'
(d
5 0%vol)
[(0,73456 * 11,875),5 2 5
36 7 2
= 3.136 * 10- m /s
=
101,766
7 0%vol)
L 15,6' W't
L(
1 '6'
101,766
[(0,73456 * 11.875), 5 2 5
= 2.990 * 10-7 m2/s
101,766
)
Kw't 90%vol
1(0,73456 * 11,875),
= 2.904* 10 m2/s
101,766
)
525
- 29,263
29,263
10 -6 * 11,875 779.487
-------------------------- * e 1 5 8. 1 5 1+2 7 3
779.487
10 - 6 * 11,87 5 779.487
-------------------------- * e 169. 87 5+2 73
779.487
10 - 6 * 11,875
- 29,263
779.487
779.487
* e 1 7 7. 3 0 1+2
73
-7
L(d 15,6'
Kw,
100%vol
L(0,73456 * 11.875), 5 2 5
-7
= 2.895 * 10 m2/s
- 29,263
10 -6 * 11,875 779.487
-------------------------- * e 1 7 8. 1 8 5+2 73
779.487
Metoda permite determinarea vascozitatii cinematice, cSt, a unei fractiuni petroliere lichide pe
baza t50%
vol. distilate:
v L = Ay * e
(Tb)
Unde: Av =
/800.334 A
22 | P a g e
p
ppp
fi c
tK ,t)
L(d
g) * t ]
3
* (0,0538 * Kw + 0,3544)
'
Cu originea IL=0 pentru lichid la 0C
1 (d
L 15,6' Kw- ti2c)
= [(2,964 - 1,332 * 0,73456) * 141.281 + (0,003074 - 0,001154 * 0,73456)
* 141.2812] * (0,0538 * 11,875 + 0,3544) = 322.775 kJ/ kg
GMP
1c
23 | P a g e
Caderea de presiune, Ap, pentru curgerea la interiorul conductei poate fi determinate cu ajutorul
ecuatiei:
Lp *w2
Ap = X * * -
d2
Coeficientul k de rugozitate
pentru conductele
de otel in exploatare are valoarea: k=5 m
/k\0 3 14
( 5 \ 0 3 1 4
X=0,01*( ) = 0,01*() = 0,0366
d
0,08
3
(d4 ,
i2 c
141.281 20
^ 2 c) = 0,730 * (1000 - 2,29 - 6,34 * 0,730 + 5,965 * (0,730)2)
= 624.669 kg/m 3
p
+ p M pi 2 c 664.864 + 624.669 3
P m 1 c = ----------- 2----------= ---------------- 2 ------------- = 64.766 kg/m 3
pi c
MP
_
ic
124
pi c _____________________ ________
2
* G M p ________
__ _____________
4G
4 1500
^i2C
wi c + wi 2 c 0,124 + 0,133
W1 c = i c 2 i 2 c =------------------------2 --------- = 0.1285 m/s
24 | P a g e
* 1500
_______________ __
w*i 2 c
_ Q ^33
m/s
* w'
Ap 1 c X * ^ *
dj * Wj c* p
Re mlC
9
v
m1C
0,08 *
0,12852
15.421 Pa
118.141 C
101,766
10 -6 * 11,875 8 12,344
* --------------------------- * e 1 1 8. 14 1+2 7 3
812,344
29,263
[(0,73456 * 11.875)05 2 5
1.025 * 10 - 7 m2/s
Re mlC
miC
644.766
mlC
t, c 95C
t, 2 c 141.281C
_ tjc + tj2 c _ 95 + 141.281
t
6.332
mlC
di*wlC
Re mlC
0,0366 *
d j * W-. c 0,08*0,1285
----------- -------- - -------- 1002926.829 >> 2300 = Regim turbulent, chiar rugoz
1.025 10
"mlC
L
75 d
Lech2C = L2 c + n2 c *
* _ ^ .
L ech
25 | P a g e
2C
. Pm 2 c
nic=0
n2c=3
75
* (Wm 2 c)2
di
22.802
75
0,08
40.802m
Ap
2c
=X^*
2
p i2C = 624.669 kg/m 3
p
Pi3C
i3c
* M M P (pi 2 c - Ap2 c) * MM p
R * Ti 3 c
Pj2C
P m2C
Pj3C
2
_ Wi 2 c + Wi 3 c
m2c
"2
p
X * L ech 2C
GMP
3600
* Ti 3 c
+
"12C
100 M (p 10 p )
R
* Ti 3 c
R
+
P
* Ti 3 c
* M M P * (pi 2 c - 10 5 * Ap2 c)
0,0366 * 40.802 * 15002
36002 * 7t2 * 0,08 5
i2C
100
Wi 3 c =
*GMP
P i 3 c*rc*d2
4 1500
*GMP
* 3600 p Pi 3c * M M P * 71 * d2 * 3600
R * li Q r
1
26 | P a g e
w
i 2 c + wi 3 c 0,133 + 5.757
wm2 c = i 2 C i 3 C = ------------------------- ^---------- = 2.945 m/s
22
Pi3C
R* T3 c = 0,083 *451.185
= 14.397 kg/m 3
319.533 g/m
m2C
^ 2 c = 141.281C
^ 3 c = 178.185C
Re
101,766
Kw, ti3c)
= 532,17 - 210,61 * 0,73456 + (1,8213 - 0,45638 * 0,73456) * 178.185
+ (0,0023447 - 0,00059037 * 0,734456) * 178.1852
+ (4,187 * 178.185 - 837) * (0,07 * 11.875 - 0,84) = 703.729 kJ/ kg
27 | P a g e
28 | P a g e
75
e c h co t =
Lech3C = L 3 c
*di
+ n 3 c * 75 * d i 85.790 + 12 * 75 * 0,08 157.79
P3c
100 * 36002 *
X*R*G
jy[ P*L e ch 3 c
I+
72 * d 5 * M MP VT 3 c
Ap 3 c
^451.335
* I _____ +
5,261
Ap
3 cN
iR
0,0366*8,314*
/451
I
5,2
10
TT --- *
ZTi
3
c
* I -------1p
p 10 p
/ pi 3 c pi 3 C
* I
100 * 36002 * 772 * 0,085 * 102,481 \451.335
923,15
5,261
10
*GMP
Wi 3 c
P
* 3600
Pi
*GMP
* M M P * 77 * d2 * 3600
i
R * li ^ r
4 1500
- - - ,26
- K J Z ] ------------------------------------------------- 5.759 m/s
2
n
nQ3 i Q Q C * 102,481 * 7 * 0,08 * 3600
0,083
451.335
i 3 c*7*d2
3c
Pi3 c
5,261
_
M
h 3 c 178.185C
^ R 650C
ti 3 c + ti R 178.185 + 650
tm 3 c i 3 c2 i R ------------------- ^ ---------- 421,674C => T3 m c 503.185 K
Pentru determinarea vascozitatii dinamice a unei fractiuni petroliere vapori, pv, la presiuni joase
(sub 5-10 bar) se poate utilize relatia:
0,0092696 + ^0,001383 5,9712 * 10-5 * M MP2) * T2 + 1,1249 * 10-5
pv(MMP, T)
MP
M- V (M M P
, T3 m c)
0,0092696 + ^0,001383 5,9712 * 10-5 * 102,4812) * 503.1852
29 | P a g e
30 | P a g e
M- V (M M p,
p
m3c
=2
T3m c) + M-
(M M p
WiR
*GMP
*GMP
W W 6.783 5.759
Wm3 c = --------- 2 ------- = ------------2 --------- = 6.27 m/s
(Pi 3 c - Ap 3 c) * M MP (5,214 - 0,301) * 102,481
P
K*^
iR
,3
,
0,083 *923,15
g/m
i3C
iR
5,261
6,571
5.916 g/m
5m3
=2=
6.27 5.916
^ . = 3969322.63
0.9345 * 10- 5
Ke 3 c = di * ----------------- = 0,08 *
3ci
pm3C
i:
Mpi3c=GMp*Hi3c
Mpec=GMp*Hec
f3 c = tc * * de * L 3 c
e:
tc * * de * L 3 c + G M p * Hi 3 c = G M p * He c
6,
Kw, ^i3c)
= 532,17 - 210,61 * 0,73456 + (1,8213 - 0,45638 * 0,73456) * 178.185
+ (0,0023447 - 0,00059037 * 0,73456) * 178.1852
+ (4,187 * 178.185 - 837) * (0,07 * 11,875 - 0,84) = 694.729 kJ/ kg
31 | P a g e
GM
Hi
1500
694.729
0.974
106
kJ/kg
!v(d 15,6'
Kw, tec)
= 532,17 - 210,61 * 0,73456 + (1,8213 - 0,45638 * 0,73456) * 650
+ (0,0023447 - 0,00059037 * 0,73456) * 6502 + (4,187 * 650 - 837)
* (0,07 * 11.875 - 0,84) = 2134.328 kJ/kg
7, 2 4H 1 5,4 1
CH4
16,043
0,052
3,241
C2H2
26,038
0,004
0,153
C2H4
28,054
0,250
8,911
C2H6
30,070
0,041
1,363
C3H6
42,081
0,184
4,372
C3H8
44,097
0,026
0,589
C4H5
53,084
0,077
1,450
C4H8
56,108
0,074
1,318
10
C4H10
58,123
0,047
0,808
MP
benzina
102,481
0,160
(1-xcf)
1,561
11
32 | P a g e
gi(xc)
(X )
f.gi c
ni i(Xc) =
Mi
= *x c
Xcf
g/g MP alim
0,005
0,84 *X c
0,052
0,84 *X c
0,004
0,84 *X c
0,250
0,84 *X c
0,041
0,84 *X c
0,184
0,84 *X c
0,026
0,84 *X c
0,077
0,84 *X c
0,074
0,84 *X c
0,047
0,84 *X c
1-Xc
0,005 Xc
0,84 2,016
0,052 Xc
0,84 16,043
0,004 Xc
0,84 26,038
0,250 Xc
0,84 28,054
0,041 X c
0,84 30,070
0,184 X c
0,84 42,081
0,026 Xc
0,84 44,097
0,077 X c
0,84 53,084
0,074 X c
0,84 56,108
0,047 X c
0,84 58,123
1-Xc
102,481
12
Comb
250
0,080
0,320
13
H2O
18,015
0,600
(ra)
1,600
(1+ra)
33,305
ra
59,871
1,600
(1+ra)
ts p(xc)
0,080 xc
0,080
0,84 *X c
0,84 250
ra
18,015
0,020016 *x c
+ 0,0430635
1 + 0,62
1,62
M (xc)
n (xc) 0,020016 x 0,0430635 0,020016 x 0,0430635
Cpi(T) = ai + bi * T + c i * T2
Kw Co m b = 5.8
d comb = 0.859 =. dj ^ c o m b = 0.863
r1
100
1000
298
33 | P a g e
34 | P a g e
T
n
AHfMp(T)
MMpf
= AH X(T) = -100 + * J Cp(t) dT
1000
n
298
= -100
T
_
,
1000 J
[f
P
r
, r. r.
MP
= -100
102,481
+ ------------- | (-1,69578 + 0,29309 * 11,791 - 0,45638 * 0,745)dT
1000
298
102,481
+ ------------- * 10 - 3 I (4,6894 - 1,18074 * 0,745)(T - 273) dT
1000
298
M
1000
298
M
T
-3
H --------- *
1000
298
250
= 100 + 1000 I ( -1,69578 + 0,29309 * 11,1685 - 0,45638 * 0,9189) dT
298
250
f
+ ---------* 10 - 3 | (4,6894 - 1,18074 * 0,9189)(T - 273) dT
1000
298
T2
abur
= 77 --------
JC
p(T)
dT
A 2 *
Ti
T2
i -7 ^ T 3 _ n n n n m 7/199 - T2
Comp
35 | P a g e
AHf
2 5C
AHf (T)
kJ/mol
1
2
3
H2
CH4
C2H2
0
-74,52
228,2
C2H4
52,51
C2H6
-83,82
C3H6
19,71
C3H8
-104,68
C4H5
186,11
C4H8
-9,01
10
C4H10
-129,985
11
-100
12
MP
benzina
Comb
kJ/mol
1,69493 * 10- * T + 0,0277047 * T 8,40652
0,0000240637 * T2 + 0,0223479 * T 83,3166
6,48921 * 10-9T3 + 0,0000301181T2 + 0,0279609 * T
+ 217,365
1,25217 * 10 - 8T3 + 0,0000608404T2 + 0,0108667 * T
+ 44,2002
1,51869 * 10-8T3 + 0,0000790615T2 + 0,0102338 * T
93,4888
-8 3
1,97212 * 10 T + 0,0000954863T2 + 0,0134925 * T
+ 7,73156
-8 3
2,43037 * 10 T + 0,000118816T2 + 0,0108549 * T
117,823
-8 3
2,02918 * 10 T + 0,0000928403T2 + 0,0246162 * T
+ 171,067
-8 3
2,65932 * 10 T + 0,000129406T2 + 0,0169533 * T
24,8501
3,2724 * 10-8 * T3 + 0,000156019 * T2 + 0,015579 * T
147,617
0,000195213 * T2 + 0,0389407 * T 128,94
100
13
H2O
-241,814
Comp
AH fj * 1000 * nj (xc)
xc
kJ / kg MP reactionata
H2
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
36 | P a g e
5A,
* [1,69493 * 10-6 * T2 + 0,0277047 * T 8,40652]
0,84*2,016 L J
52 ,
-------------------- * [0,0000240637 * T2 + 0,0223479 * T 83,3166]
0,84 * 16,043 L J
4
-------------------- [(6,48921) * 10-9T3 + 0,0000301181T2 + 0,0279609 * T
0,84 * 26,038 7
+ 217,365]
250
---------------- [(1,25217) * 10- 8T3 + 0,0000608404T2 + 0,0108667 * T
0,84 * 28,054 7
+ 44,2002]
41
------------------ [(1,51869) * 10-8T3 + 0,0000790615T2 + 0,0102338 * T
0,84 * 30,07 7
93,4888]
184
-------------------- [(1,97212) * 10-8T3 + 0,0000954863T2 + 0,0134925 * T
0,84 * 42,081 7
+ 7,73156]
C3H8
C4H5
C4H8
26
- [ (
2 , 4 3 0 3 7 )
*
1 0 - 8 T 3
0 , 0 0 07 1 1 8 8 1 6 T 2
+
0 , 0 1 0 8 5 4 9
0,84 * 44,097
- 117,823]
77
---------- -------- [( - 2,02918) * 10-8T3 + 0,0000928403T2 + 0,0246162 * T
0,84 * 53,084 7
171,067]
74
99
C4H10
11
MP
benzina
Comb
12
Q84^25Q
13
H2O
-3,86691 * 10-7 * T3 + 0,000238042 * T2 + 0,10363 * T + 1358,52
i
1
Comp
H2
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
C3H8
37 | P a g e
C4H5
C4H8
10
C4H10
11
MP
benzina
Comb
12
13
77 *x c
---------- c ----- * [2,02918 * 10-8T3 + 0,0000928403T2 + 0,0246162 * T
0,84*53,084 L
+ 171,0671
74 *x c _ _ _
2
-8 3
-c-^ * [ 2,
L 65932 * 10 T + 0,000129406T + 0,0169533 * T
0,84*56,108
24,85011
47 * xr
---------- c ----- * [ 3,2724 * 10-8 * T3 + 0,000156019 * T2 + 0,015579 * T
0,84* 58,123 L
147,6171
1000 *(1 xc) ,
----------- ------- * [0,000195213 * T2 + 0,0389407 * T 128,94]
102,481 L J
80 * x c
----------- c * [0,000450552 * T2 + 0,0435555 * T + 47,0096]
0,84*250 L J
H2O
3,86691 * 10-7 * T 3 * x c + 0,00023804 * T2 * x c + 0,00190487 * T2
+ 0,10363 * T * x c + 0,37998 * T + 1358,52 * x c 1258,18
hiR
= G M P * Hh s p(x qR, Ti R )
= 1500
* (3,86691 * 10-7 * 923,153 * 0 + 0,00023804 * 923,152 * 0
+ 0,00190487 * 923,152 + 0,10363 * 923,15 * 0 + 0,37998 * 923,15
+ 1358,52 * 0 1258,18) = 1,07391004 * 106 kJ/h
38 | P a g e
tj 2 R = 725C
Presupunem:
AxC]_ = 0,106382
xcj 2 = 0 + Axc 1 = xcj2 = 0,106382
H
h ci 2
MP
h s p( xc i 2
, Ti 2 R)
= 1500
* ( -3,86691 * 10-7 * 998,153 * 0,106382 + 0,00023804 * 998,152
* 0,106382 + 0,00190 487 * 998,152 + 0,10363 * 998,15 * 0,106382
+ 0,37998 * 998,15 + 1358,52 * 0,106382 - 1258,18)
= 1,738158 * 106kJ/h
Q
72 5+2 73, 1 5
ab1
= G M P * ra * j Cp H2 O (
T)
dT
6 5 0+2 7 3, 1 5
= 1500 * 0,60
* ( -1,03764 * 10-7 * T3 - 0,000017423 * T2 - 1,90952 * T + 1,03764
* 10 - 7 * T| + 0,000017423 * T22 + 1,90952 * T2 )
= 1500 * 0,60
* ( -1,03764 * 10-7 * 923,153 - 0,000017423 * 923,152 - 1,90952 * 923,15
+ 1,03764 * 10-7 * 998,153 + 0,000017423 * 998,152 + 1,90952 * 998,15)
= 150553,08 kJ/h
RI
MP
/650 + 725 \
* Axci * H R sp ( -------------------- 2 -------- ^ 273,15)
= 1500 * 0,106382
* ( -3,86691 * 10-7 * 960,653 + 0,0002 3 8042 * 960,652 + 0,10363 * 960,65
+ 1358,52) = 213019,42 kJ/h
f1R
= R * 6 * de * L 1 R
H
+ Qab 1 + Q R 1 - Hh ci
Li R
7t * de * Ot R
_ 1,738158 * 106 + 150553,08 + 213019,42 - 1,07391004 * 106
6 * 0,1 * 318470
= 10,273 m
39 | P a g e
c1R 7
L e ch 1R L1R
m s(xc i 2)
37,154
1,6
35,403
d 3600
Pi R * 100 * M m s(XCi R ) (109 * Pi R - Ap 1 R ) * M m s(XCj 2)
Ap 1 R X*
1.781 g/m
R
* Ti 2 R
40 | P a g e
1000 * T J 2 R TiR
1000 T
+ TjR
923,15
(105 * 4,913 - Ap 1 R) *
0,083 998.15
2.577 kg/m 3
mlR
)
42.149 m/s
2
L
Ti =
41 | P a g e
10.273
42 | P a g e
ab2
MP
76 1+2 73, 1 5
j C
dT
p H 2 O (T)
72 5+2 7 3, 1 5
*ra*
= 1500 * 0,60
* ( -1,03764 * 10-7 * T3 - 0,000017423 * T-2 - 1,90952 * T + 1,03764
* 10 - 7 * Tf + 0,000017423 * T22 + 1,90952 * T2 )
= 1500 * 0,60
* ( -1,03764 * 10-7 * 998,153 - 0,000017423 * 998,152 - 1,90952 * 998,15
+ 1,03764 * 10-7 * 1034,153 + 0,000017423 * 1034,152 + 1,90952
* 1034,15) = 73431,04 kJ/h
R2
725 761
= G M P * ^xc2 * H R s p ( - I" 273,15)
= 1500 * 0,430083
* ( -3,86691 * 10-7 * 1016,153 + 0,000238042 * 1016,152 + 0,10363
* 1016,15 + 1358,52) = 841168,85 kJ/h
hci2
T
L
+ Q f 2 R = Hh c i 3 + Q ab 2 + Q R2
_ Hh ci 3
2R=
+ Qab 2 + Q R2 - Hh ci 2
j
71 * de * Ot R
_ 2,798098 * 106 + 73431,04 + 841168,85 - 1,738158 * 106 _
71 * 0,1 * 318470
n
=2
L e ch 2 R = L 2 R + n c 2 R * 75 * d i = 19,73 + 2 * 75 * 0,08 = 31,73 m
c2R
1,6
Mm s (xc j 2 ) = ----------------------------------------------------- - = 35,403
m sV i 2
^ 0,020016* 0,106382 + 0,0430635
W / ^
1,6
^0^700
Mm s(xCi3)
De continuat
43 | P a g e
Ap
2R ^ :
* L e ch 2 R * G M P(1 + ra)2
%11 * d5 * 36002
Pi 2 R * 100 * M m s(xc i 2) (Pi2 R * 10 5 - Ap2 R ) * M m s(xq 3)
11
44 | P a g e
i2R
i2R
T 3 R * 1000
T
)(
i3R
998,15
1000
998,15
1034,15
1000 1034,15
+
[4.167 * 100 * 35,403 (10 *4,606 - Ap2 R) * 29,739j
5
1.781 kg/m 3
Pi2R
R * T2 R
0,083 * 998,15
3R
* Ti 3 R
0.617 kg/m 3
0,083 1034,15
1.781 0.617
+ P; 75.399 m/s
Wi 2 R
217.645 m/s
Wi 3 R
3600
i2R
m2R
4 * G
wi
wi
75.399
L2R
T2
19.73
0.1065 s
wm 2R 184.2215
Verificarea presupunerii facute:
10970
lg(K) 11,25 ---------
725 761
Tm 2 R ------- - ------ +
45 | P a g e
273,15
1016,15
217.645
10970
lg(K) = 11,25 - -------- ------ => K(Tm 2R) = 2,846
T
G H (xc , T )
= 1500
* ( -3,86691 * 10-7 * 1101,7723 * 0,84 + 0,00023804 * 1101,7722 * 0,84
+ 0,00190487 * 1101,7722 + 0,10363 * 1101,772 * 0,84 + 0,37998
* 1101,772 + 1358,52 * 0,84 - 1258,18) = 3,777234 * 106 kJ/h
82 8,622+2 7 3, 1 5
ab2
= G M P * ra * j Cp H 20(T) dT
76 1+2 7 3, 1 5
= 1500 * 0,60
* ( -1,03764 * 10-7 * T3 - 0,000017423 * Tx2 - 1,90952 * T + 1,03764
* 10 - 7 * T| + 0,000017423 * T22 + 1,90952 * T2 )
= 1500 * 0,62
* ( -1,03764 * 10-7 * 1034,153 - 0,000017423 * 1034,152 - 1,90952
* 1034,15 + 1,03764 * 10-7 * 1101,7723 + 0,000017423 * 1101,7722
+ 1,90952 * 1101,772) = 140092,80 kJ/h
46 | P a g e
R 3 G M P * AxC 3 * H R s p (
761 + 828,622
2
,15)
+ 273,15
1500 * 0,303535
* ( -3,86691 * 10-7 * 1067,9613 + 0,000238042 * 1067,9612 + 0,10363
* 1067,961 + 1358,52) 578088,14 kJ/h
Calculam lungimea sectorului pe baza ecuatiei de bilant termic
H
hci3
+ Q f 3 R Hh c e R + Q ab 3 + Q R3
2R
+ Qab 3 + Q R3 - Hh ci 3
71 * d e * O t R
_ 3,777234 * 106 + 140092,80 + 578088,14 - 2,798098 * 106 16,964 m
71 * 0,1 * 318470
H
h ce R
c3R
1,6
m s(xc i 3)
29,739
26,721
1,6
m s(xc^
0,020016 * 0,84 +
3R ^ *
0,0430635
* e ch 3 R * G M P(1 + ra)2
7I2 * d 5 * 36002
Pi 3 R * 100 * M m s(XC i 3) (Pi 3 R * 10 5 - Ap 3 R ) * M m s(xCf>
R
i3R
i3R
TeR * 1000
T
eR
1000 1101,772
1034,15
1000* 1101,772
1034,15
[3,754
26,721
Ap 3 R 101291 Pa 1.013 bar
Pi3R
R * T 3 R 0,083 * 1034,15
(pi 3 R Ap 3 R) * Mm s(xCf) (3.754 - 1.149) * 26,721 _ o, / 3
Pe R ------------------ ------------------------------ --------- ^77^7uni nnn---------------- 0.76118kg/m 3
47 | P a g e
R * TeR
m3R
1.149 0.76118
1.5296 g/m
2
48 | P a g e
0,083 * 1101.772
8R
w
i 3 R + w8 R 116.873 + 176.419
wm3 R = -----------^^ --------------------------------------- = 146.65 m/s
L3 16,964
= = TTTTc = 0.115 s
Wm3R 146.65
R
49 | P a g e
Anexe
Nr. Crt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
%Vol.distilat
0
10
30
50
70
Temperatura, C
55
70
87
101
115
Temperatura, K
328.15
343.15
360,15
374,15
388,15
T,K(VE)
352.501
358.422
359.577
363.052
373.408
t,0C(VE)
79.351
85.272
86.427
89.902
100.258
90
100
130
145
403,15
418,15
380.013
380.668
106.863
107.518
%Vol.
distilat
Ai
Bi
Ci
Domeniu de temperatura
(ASTM), C
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2,9747
1,4459
0,8506
3,2680
8,2873
10,6266
7,9952
0,8466
0,9511
1,0315
0,8274
0,6871
0,6529
0,6949
0,4209
0,1287
0,0817
0,6214
0,9340
1,1025
1,0737
10 - 265
60 - 320
90 - 340
110 - 355
130 - 400
160 - 520
190 - 430
%Vol.
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
50 | P a g e
Temperatura pe curba
VE la presiunea
atmosferica, K
352.501
358.422
359.577
363.052
Temperatura pe curba
VE la presiunea
atmosferica, C
79.351
85.272
86.427
89.902
373.408
380.013
100.258
106.863
%Volum
0
10
30
50
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,5 bar, C
141.281
426.078
427.399
431.301
152.928
154.249
158.151
450.451
451.335
177.301
178.185
o
r-
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,5 bar, K
414.431
90
100
Parametru
ti,C
pi, bar
Ap, bar
L, m
nc, coturi
L
ech,
95
5,5
1.542
6.332
0
Qf, kJ/h
1002926.829
1.583 *105
Parametru
ti,C
pi, bar
Ap, bar
L, m
nc, coturi
Lech, m
T, S
Axc
Axcv
51 | P a g e
650
6,571
0.746
10.273
1
16,273
0.175
0,106382
0,106297
141.281
5,499
0.238
22.802
3
40.802m
730316.2
5.703*105
178.185
5,261
0,281
85.790
12
157.79
3969322.63
3.797*106
725
1.781
0,848
19,73
2
31,73
0.1065
0,430083
0,431876
761
0.933
1.013
16,964
2
28,964
0.115
0,303535
0,303725
Tf
1
, 1 ,(log(P)
),Tnf1
* e 1 5 2.92 8+2 7 3
779.487
10 - 6 * 11,8 7 5 779.487
L(dl * , Kw, ti c) = [(2,964 - 1,332 * 0,73456) * 100 + (0,003074 - 0,001154 * 0,73456) *
52 | P a g e
L(d 1 5,6,
Kw, ti2C)
[(2,964 - 1,332 * 0,73456) * 141.281 + (0,003074 - 0,001154 * 0,73456)
* 141.281 2 ] * (0,0538 * 11.875 + 0,3544) 322.775 kJ/kg
Pentru fractiuni petroliere vapori, entalpia specifica, kJ/kg, se poate calcula cu relatia:
iv(d15:6,Kw,t)
532,17 - 210,61 * d1 |6 + (1,8213 - 0,45638 * d 1 |6) * t
+ (0,0023447 - 0,00059037 * d g6) * t2 + (4,187 * t - 837)
* (0,07 * Kw - 0,84)
53 | P a g e
1R
0.175s
54 | P a g e
184.2215 m/s