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10
ASOCIEREA ALANINAMINOTRANSFERAZEI I
-GLUTAMILTRANSFERAZEI CU COMPONENTELE
SINDROMULUI METABOLIC LA PACIENII CU DIABET
ZAHARAT TIP 2 NOU DIAGNOSTICAT
Relationship of alanin aminotransferase and -glutamyltransferase
to components of metabolic syndrome in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients
Asist. Univ. Dr. Andrada Mihai1,2, Asist. Univ. Dr. Cornelia Zetu2, Dr. Simona Carniciu2, Ariana Picu2,
Laura Petcu2, Acad. Prof. Dr. Constantin Ionescu-Trgovite1,2
1
Universitatea de Medicin i Farmacie Carol Davila, Bucureti
2
Institutul Naional de Diabet, Nutriie i Boli Metabolice N.C. Paulescu, Bucureti
REZUMAT
Obiective. Scopul studiului a fost evaluarea asocierilor enzimelor hepatice, respectiv alaninaminotransferaza
(ALT), aspartataminotransferaza (AST) i -glutamiltransferaza (GGT) cu sindromul metabolic (SM) i diferitele
sale componente la pacieni cu DZ2 nou descoperit, precum i cu unii parametri ai insulinorezistenei i unele
adipocitokine.
Material i metod. Am realizat un studiu cross-secional ce a inclus 227 de persoane (113 femei i 114
brbai) cu diabet zaharat tip 2 (DZ2) nou descoperit. Am analizat parametrii antropometrici, clinici, biochimici
i unele adipocitokine n funcie de prezena SM, de numrul de componente ale sindromului i dup stratificarea
pe quartile de AST, respectiv GGT.
Rezultate. 86,6% din pacienii cu DZ2 nou descoperit au prezentat i SM. Valorile AST s-au corelat negativ cu
vrsta (p<0,005) i pozitiv cu circumferina abdominal (CA) (p<0,005), iar valorile GGT s-au corelat negativ cu
HDL-colesterolul (p<0,005), adiponectina (p<0,005) i pozitiv cu trigliceridele (TG) (p<0,005), LDL-colesterolul
(p<0,005), TG/HDL-colesterol (p<0,005), insulina (p<0,005), HOMA-IR (p<0,005), proinsulina (p<0,005).
Analiza pe quartile de AST a relevat diferene semnificative pentru: vrst, CA, TG, HDL-colesterol, TG/HDLcolesterol, insulin, proinsulin, HOMA-IR (p<0,005) i IMC (p<0,05). Analiza pe quartile de GGT a artat
diferene semnificative pentru: vrst, TG, HDL-colesterol, TG/HDL-colesterol, insulin, proinsulin, HOMA-IR,
adiponectin (p<0,005) i LDL-colesterol (p<0,05).
Concluzii. Rezultatele obinute documenteaz asocierea ALT i GGT cu componentele clasice ale SM (n
special HDL-colesterol sczut i TG crescute), dar i cu insulinorezistena la persoanele cu DZ2 nou descoperit.
n plus, AST este corelat cu distribuia de tip central a excesului de esut adipos (evaluat prin CA), iar GGT se
coreleaz negativ cu adiponectina.
Cuvinte cheie: sindrom metabolic, diabet zaharat tip 2,
alaninaminotransferaz, -glutamiltransferaz
ABSTRACT
Aims. The aim of the study to evaluate the relationships between the liver enzymes, respectively alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and -glutamiltransferase (GGT) and metabolic syndrome
(MS) or its different components in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, and as well as with some
of the insulin resistance parameters and some of adipocitokines.
Material and method. We performed a cross-sectional study on 227 adults (113 women and 114 men) with
newly diagnosed T2DM. We have analyzed the anthropometric, clinical, biochemical parameters and some of the
adipocitokines in relation with the presence or absence of MS, the number of components of the syndrome and
after stratifying for AST and GGT quartiles.
Results. 86.6% of the patients with newly diagnosed T2DM presented MS as well. AST values have negatively
correlated with age (p<0.005) and positively with waist (p<0.005), and GGT values have negatively correlated with
HDL-cholesterol (p<0.005), adiponectin (p<0.005) and positively with triglycerides (TG) (p<0.005), LDL-cholester-
Autor corespondent:
Asist. Univ. Dr. Andrada Mihai, Institutul Naional de Diabet, Nutriie i Boli Metabolice N.C. Paulescu, Bucureti, str. Ion Movil
nr. 5-7, sector 2, 020475, Bucureti
E-mail: andrada.mihai@yahoo.com
196
197
ol (p<0.005), TG/HDL-cholesterol (p<0.005), insulin (p<0.005), HOMA-IR (p<0.005), proinsulin (p<0.005). The
analysis performed after grouping according AST quartiles revealed significant differences for: age, waist, TG,
HDL-cholesterol, TG/HDL-cholesterol, insulin, proinsulin, HOMA-IR (p<0.005) and BMI (p<0.05). The analysis
performed after grouping according GGT quartiles showed significant differences for: age, TG, HDL-cholesterol,
TG/HDL-cholesterol, insulin, proinsulin, HOMA-IR, adiponectin (p<0.005) and LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The results prove the relationship between liver enzymes (ALT and GGT) and the classical components of the MS (mainly low HDL-cholesterol and high TG) and also with insulin resistance in patients with newly
diagnosed T2DM. Moreover, AST correlates with the central distribution of the exceeding adipose tissue (evaluated through waist circumference), and GGT negatively correlates with adiponectin.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes,
alanine aminotransferase, -glutamyltransferase
INTRODUCERE
MATERIAL I METODE
198
analizate a fost realizat folosind Student t test pentru variabilele numerice i testul 2 pentru variabilele nominale sau ordinale. Pentru testarea diferenei dintre mediile a mai multe grupe diferite s-a
folosit analiza de varian unifactorial (One-way
ANOVA). Metoda de corelaie bivariat Pearson a
fost utilizat pentru a examina corelaiile dintre variabile. Semnificaia statistic a fost definit ca p
<0,05.
REZULTATE
Pacienii cu DZ2 nou diagnosticat au prezentat
i SM n procent de 86,6, femeile nregistrnd o
prevalen a SM semnificativ mai mare dect brbaii (92% vs. 81,57%, p<0,05). Frecvena, n ordine descresctoare a componentelor SM (dup DZ)
a fost: CA mrit (84,6%), HTA (74,9%), HDLcolesterol sczut (54,6%) i TG crescute (47,6%).
Femeile au prezentat n proporie mai mare CA
mrit (92% vs. 77,2%, p<0,005) i HTA (82,3%
vs. 67,5% p<0,05), iar brbaii n procent mai mare
un nivel crescut al TG (55,3% vs. 39,8% p<0,05).
Cei mai muli dintre subieci au prezentat un numr
de 3 sau 4 componente ale SM (33%, respectiv
30,8%). Diferene semnificativ statistic ntre sexe
s-au nregistrat pentru vrst (femeile fiind uor mai
n vrst, p<0,05), CA, creatinin, TG/HDL-colesterol, ALT/AST, GGT (p<0,005), TG, ALT i proinsulin (p<0,05) (parametri cu valori mai crescute
Valoare p
NS
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
NS
NS
p<0,005
NS
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,05
NS
NS
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
NS
199
Valoare p
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,05
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
p<0,005
Rezultatele sunt exprimate ca medie DS (deviaia standard). Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 quartila 1, 2, 3 respectiv 4.
DISCUII
n ultimii ani, valorile ALT i GGT au fost examinate cu foarte mult atenie n contextul asocierii
cu SM, DZ2 i BCV. Studiul de fa a analizat valorile enzimelor hepatice la subiecii cu DZ2 nou
diagnosticat, n funcie de prezena sau absena SM
200
ce leag insulinorezistena de disfuncia beta celular (25). Relaia dintre valorile GGT, obezitate i
apariia SM a fost pus pe seama acestui mecanism
(26). De altfel, am documentat corelaia dintre GGT
i insulinorezisten (evaluat prin insulinemie i
HOMA-IR). Pe lng parametrii dislipidemiei aterogene, GGT s-a corelat i cu LDL-colesterolul, ceea
ce ar putea sugera un factor suplimentar de risc
pentru BCV. GGT s-a corelat negativ cu adiponectina, observaie concordant cu alte date din literatur (27).
CONCLUZII
Rezultatele noastre documenteaz asocierea dintre ALT i GGT componentele clasice ale SM (n
special HDL-colesterol sczut i TG crescute), dar
i cu insulinorezistena la persoanele cu DZ2 nou
descoperit. AST este corelat cu distribuia de tip
central a excesului de esut adipos (evaluat prin
CA). n plus GGT se coreleaz negativ cu adiponectina. Determinarea acestor enzime hepatice este
recomandat la pacienii cu DZ2, nc de la debut,
ca marker pentru SM i pentru identificarea unui
subgrup de persoane cu tulburri metabolice mai
complexe ce ar putea semnifica un risc cardiovascular mai mare.
MULUMIRI
Aceast lucrare a fost susinut de un grant al
Autoritii Naionale Romne pentru Cercetare
tiinific, CNCS-UEFISCDI, PN-II-ID-PCE2011-3-0429. Mulumim doamnelor Manuela Mitu
i Janeta Tudosoiu de la laboratorul de cercetare al
Institutului Naional de Diabet, Nutriie i Boli
Metabolice N.C. Paulescu pentru excelenta asisten acordat pe parcursul studiului.
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