Unghiul a doua drepte in spatiu







roblema 1
Fie cubul ABCDEFGH.
Sa se determine:
a) m<(BG, AD); m<(BG, AE);
b) m<(BG, DC);
c) m<(AH, GD);
d) tg<(BH, DC);
e) m<(BH, AF);
f) m<(AH, FC);
g) sin<(FD, EC).

1.a1)

m<(BG, AD) = ?

1.a1)

AD   BC

m<(BG, AD) = m<(BG, BC) = m<(CBG)

1.a1)

m<(BG, AD) = m<(CBG) = 45o

1.a2)

m<(BG, AE) = ?

1.a2)

AE   BF

m<(BG, AE) = m<(BG, BF) = m<(FBG)

1.a2)

m<(BG, AE) = m<(FBG) = 45o

1.b)

m<(BG, DC) = ?

1.b)

DC   AB

m<(BG, DC) = m<(BG, AB) = m<(ABG)

1.b)

m<(BG, DC) = m<(ABG) = 90o

1.c)

m<(AH, GD) = ?

1.c)

AH   BG

m<(AH, GD) = m<(BG, GD) = m<(BGD)

1.c)

m<(AH, GD) = m<(BGD) = 60o

1.d)

tg<(BH, DC) = ?

1.d)

DC   AB

tg<(BH, DC) = tg<(BH, AB) = tg<(ABH)

1.d)

tg<(BH, DC) = tg<(ABH) = AH/AB =

1.e)

m<(BH, AF) = ?

1.e)

AF   BI

m<(BH, AF) = m<(BH, BI) = m<(HBI)

1.e)

BI=a 2; BH=a ; 3HI=a ; =>

5 BI2+BH2=HI2

m<(BH, AF) = m<(HBI) = 90o

1.f)

m<(AH, FC) = ?

1.f)

AH   BG

m<(AH, FC) = m<(BG, FC) = m<(FOG)

1.f)

m<(AH, FC) = m<(FOG) = 90o

1.g)

sin<(FD, EC) = ?

1.g)

sin<(FD, EC) = sin(EOF)

1.g)

A(EOF) = EF . OM/2 =

sin<(FD,EC)=sin<(EOF)=

1
a2 2

!
2
2
4
2 A EOF j
2 2
!
EO OF
3
2

roblema 2
Fie paralelipipedul dreptunghic ABCDEFGH cu AB
= a, BC = a , AE= a 2.
Determinati:
a) m<(HC, AD);
b) m<(HC, AB);
c) m<(HC, AE);
d) tg<(HB, AE);
e) m<(HB, AD).

2.a)

m<(HC, AD) = ?

2.a)

AD   EH

m<(HC, AD) = m<(HC, EH) = m<(CHE)

2.a)

m<(HC, AD) = m<(CHE) = 90o

2.b)

m<(HC, AB) = ?

2.b)

AB   CD

m<(HC, AB) = m<(HC, CD) = m<(HCD)

2.b)

m<(HC, AB) = m<(DCH) = 45o

2.c)

m<(HC, AE) = ?

2.c)

AE   DH

m<(HC, AE) = m<(HC, DH) = m<(DHC)

2.c)

m<(HC, AE) = m<(DHC) = 45o

2.d)

tg<(HB, AE) = ?

2.d)

AE   DH

tg<(HB, AE) = tg<(HB, DH) = tg<(DHB)

2.d)

BAD, m(<A) = 90o => BD = a

tg<(HB, AE) = tg<(DHB) = BD/DH =

2.e)

tg<(HB, AD) = ?

2.e)

AD   BC

m<(HB, AD) = m<(HB, BC) = m<(HBC)

2.e)

m<(HB, AD) = m<(HBC) = 45o

roblema 3
Fie tetraedrul regulat (piramida triunghiulara
cu toate fetele triunghiuri echilaterale)
VABC este M mijlocul lui AC.
Determina\i:
a) sin<(VM, BC);
b) m<(VC, AB).

3.a)

sin<(VM, BC) = ?

3.a)

MN   BC

sin<(VM,BC) = sin<(VM,MN)= sin<(VMN)

3.a)

V2

VM2

M2

=> V =

a 11
4

sin<(VM,BC)=sin<(VM)=V/VM=

a 33
6

3.b)

m<(VC, AB) = ?

3.b)

AB   MQ ; VC   MR

m<(VC, AB) = m<(MR, MQ) = m<(RMQ)

3.b)

RQ2 = VQ2 VR2 => RQ2 = VQ2 VR2

m<(VC, AB) = m<(RMQ) = 90o

roblema 4
In piramida patrulatera regulata VABCD se
stie ca VB = AB = a cm ]i M, N sunt
mijloacele lui BC, AD. Determinati:
a) m<(VB, DC);
b) b) m<(VA, VC);
c) c) sin<(VM, AC);
d) d) sin<(VM, VN).

4.a)

m<(VB, DC) = ?

4.a)

CD   AB

m<(VB, DC) = m<(VB,AB)= m<(VBA)

4.a)

VAB = echilateral

m<(VB, DC) = m<(VBA) = 60o

4.b)

m<(VA, VC) = ?

4.b)

m<(VA, VC) = m<(AVC)

4.b)

AC2 = AB2 + BC2 => AC2 = VA2 + VC2

m<(VA, VC) = m<(AVC) = 90o

4.c)

sin<(VM, AC) = ?

4.c)

AC   M

sin<(VM,AC) = sin<(VM,M)= sin<(VM)

4.c)

sin<(VM,AC) =sin<(VMQ) =VQ/VM=

30
6

4.d)

sin<(VM, VN) = ?

4.d)

sin<(VM, VN) = sin<(MVN)

4.d)

sin<(VM,VN)=sin<(MVN)=

2A

2 2
!
VM VN
3
MVN j

roblema 5
In prisma triunghiulara regulata ABCA'B'C'
se cunosc AB = 10 cm, AA' = 10cm.
Sa se afle m<(AC', CB').

5.

m<(AC, CB) = ?

5.

CB   CD

m<(AC,CB) = m<(AC,CD) = m<(ACD)

5.

AC2 = AC2 + CC2 => AC = DC =

AD2 = BD2 - AB2 => AD=AC=DC=

10 3
10 3

=> m<(AC,CB) = m<(ACD) = 60o

roblema 6
Fie ABC, (AB) (AC), m<(A) = 72 ]i EBCD
un p`trat astfel [nc@t E (ABC). S` se
determine:
a) m<(AB, ED);
b) m<(MN, DC), unde M ]i N sunt mijloacele
laturilor AB ]i AC;
c) m<(MN,EC).

6.a)

m<(AB, ED) = ?

6.a)

ED   BC

m<(AB,ED) = m<(AB,BC) = m<(ABC)

6.a)

m<(AB,ED)=m<(ABC)=(180o-72o)/2= 54o

6.b)

m<(MN, DC) = ?

6.b)

MN   BC

m<(MN,DC) = m<(BC,DC) = m<(BCD)

6.b)

EBCD = p`trat

m<(MN,DC) = m<(BCD) = 90o

6.c)

m<(MN, EC) = ?

6.c)

MN   BC

m<(MN,EC) = m<(BC,EC) = m<(BCE)

6.c)

ABCD = p`trat

m<(MN,EC) = m<(BCE) = 45o

roblema 7
Fie romburile ABCD si ABFE situate in plane
diferite astfel inact m<(ABC) = 50 grd.,
m<(ABF) = 30 .grd si CF = AD.
Determina\i:
a) m<(EF, BC);
b) m<(EA,DC);
c) m<(FB, AD);
d) m,(ED, BC);
e) m<(ED, FC);
f) m<(AF, DC).

7.a)

m<(EF, BC) = ?

7.a)

EF  


m<(EF,BC) = m<(AB,BC)= m<(ABC)=50o

7.b)

m<(EA, DC) = ?

7.b)

DC  
 
  F

m<(EA,DC) = m<(AB,FB)= m<(ABF)

Aten\ie: m(<(EA, DC) trebuie s` fie m`sur` de unghi ascu\it !

7.b)

m<(EA,DC) = m<(ABF) = 30o

7.c)

m<(FB, AD) = ?

7.c)

AD   C

m<(FB,AD) = m<(FB,BC)= m<(FBC)

7.c)

BC = FB = CF => BCF = echilateral

m<(FB,AD) = m<(FBC) = 60o

7.d)

m<(ED, BC) = ?

7.d)

ED   FC

m<(ED,BC) = m<(FC,BC)= m<(FCB)

7.d)

BC = FC = BF => BCF = echilateral

m<(ED,BC) = m<(FCB) = 60o

7.e)

m<(ED, FC) = ?

7.e)

EF  DC ]i EF = DC => CDEF = paralelogram

ED  FC => m<(ED,FC) = 0o

7.f)

m<(AF, DC) = ?

7.f)

DC   AB

m<(AF,DC) = m<(AF,AB)= m<(FAB)

7.f)

AB = BF => m<(FAB) = (180o-m<(ABF))/2

m<(AF,DC) = m<(FAB) = 75o