Semnale si sisteme

Laborator 1
ANGHEL VLAD, GRUPA 8213 TET

1. Generalitati

Prin intermediul unui program pentru simulari electronice (TINA PRO) se vor
analiza mai multe semnale elementare. Analiza va consta in dezvoltarea in serie Fourer a
semnalelor alese.

INTREBARI, PROBLEME, CERINTE:

1.1 Identificati caracteristicile si functiile ce pot fi utilizate in simulari (care
apartin programului TINA).
1.2 Tipurile de analize ?
1.3 Tipurile de analize Fourier ?
1.4 Categorii de componente ?

2. Dezvoltarea in serie Fourier a unor semnale elementare

Sinusoidal, cosinusoidal, dreptunghiular, triunghiular, trapezoidal, ce au urmatorii

parametrii: Amplitudine = 1V, Perioada = 1ms.
Se va construi schema de baza (fig 1) ce va fi folosita in analiza semnalelor. Cele
5 semnale vor fi generate de catre sursa V in pe rezistenta de sarcina RS (se va modifica pe
rand forma semnalului generat de sursa Vin ).

CERINTE

2.1 Se vor extrage (din rezultatele generate de TINA) valorile

coeficientilor Fourier ( an , bn pentru forma trigonometrica si Cn , Φn pentru
forma complexa) pentru toate cele 5 semnale analizate.
2.2 Pe baza valorilor obtinute anterior se vor trasa spectrele de
amplitudini (pentru an , bn si Cn ) si de faze (pentru Φn )

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Semnale si sisteme

3. Continutul obligatoriu al lucrarii de laborator :

3.1 Platforma de laborator (acest document)

3.2 Expresiile utilizate pentru dezvoltarea in serie Fourier (cele doua forme :
trigonometrica si complexa)
3.3 Schema de baza folosita in analiza
3.4 Formele de unda (grafic f(t) ) pentru cele 5 semnale utilizate
3.5 Cele 20 de tabele cu coeficientii Fourier (10 tabele pentru un numar de 128 de
esantioane si 10 tabele pentru 65536 esantioane)
3.6 20 de grafice (spectrele de amplitudini si de faza) asociate celor 20 de tabele
de valori
3.7 Raspunsurile la cerintele 1.1 – 1.4
3.8 Concluzii personale (serii Fourier, dezvoltarea in serie, programe de simulare,
erori ce apar in analiza Fourier, armonici, frecventa... etc.)

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 9.35u 0
1. 18.12u 997.95m
2. 16.42u 8.56u
3. 13.74u 12.07u
4. 10.29u 14.72u
5. 6.36u 16.34u
6. 2.24u 16.86u
7. -62.49u -4.5u
8. -5.3u 14.71u
9. 54.79u 33.81u
10. -10.2u 9.38u
11. -11.26u 6.12u
12. -11.33u 2.87u
13. -10.5u -108.42n
14. -8.9u -2.57u
15. -15.59u 3.48u
16. -4.26u -5.29u
17. 7.29u -13.52u
18. 617.22n -4.73u
19. 2.54u -3.36u
20. 3.88u -1.48u

2
Semnale si sisteme

T 500.00m
400.00m
Amplitude [V]

300.00m

200.00m

100.00m

0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Base frequency 1k[Hz]

200.00

100.00
Phase [deg]

0.00

-100.00

-200.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Base frequency 1k[Hz]

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

3
Semnale si sisteme

T 80.00u
60.00u
40.00u
Amplitude A

20.00u
0.00
-20.00u
-40.00u
-60.00u
-80.00u
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Base frequency 1k[Hz]

1.00
800.00m
Amplitude B

600.00m
400.00m
200.00m
0.00
-200.00m
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Base frequency 1k[Hz]

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 8.59u 0
1. 16.64u 997.95m
2. 15.08u 7.8u
3. 12.63u 10.98u
4. 9.49u 13.37u
5. 5.91u 14.81u
6. 2.18u 15.23u
7. -1.4u 14.65u
8. -4.56u 13.18u
9. -7.07u 10.98u
10. -8.77u 8.29u
11. -9.58u 5.38u
12. -9.5u 2.51u
13. -8.59u -54.84n
14. -7.01u -2.09u
15. -4.96u -3.44u
16. -2.69u -4.02u

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Semnale si sisteme

17. -437.1n -3.8u

18. 1.55u -2.85u
19. 3.07u -1.3u
20. 3.96u 666.14n

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. -3.6m 0
1. 7.2m 1.27
2. -7.2m 0
3. 7.2m 423.65m
4. -7.2m 0
5. 7.2m 253.37m
6. -7.2m 0
7. 7.2m 180.1m
8. -7.2m 0
9. 7.2m 139.16m
10. -7.2m 0
11. 7.2m 112.92m
12. -7.2m 0
13. 7.2m 94.6m
14. -7.2m 0
15. 7.2m 81.01m
16. -7.2m 0
17. 7.2m 70.5m
18. -7.2m 0
19. 7.2m 62.08m

5
Semnale si sisteme

20. -7.2m
T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 15.26u 0
1. -30.52u 1.27
2. 30.52u 2.2E-20
3. -30.52u 424.41m
4. 30.52u 4.3E-20
5. -30.52u 254.65m
6. 30.52u 6.19E-20
7. -30.52u 181.89m
8. 30.52u 7.79E-20
9. -30.52u 141.47m
10. 30.52u 9.04E-20
11. -30.52u 115.75m
12. 30.52u 9.9E-20
13. -30.52u 97.94m
14. 30.52u 1.04E-19
15. -30.52u 84.88m
16. 30.52u 1.04E-19
17. -30.52u 74.9m
18. 30.52u 1.01E-19
19. -30.52u 67.01m
20. 30.52u 9.54E-20

6
Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Cosinusoidal

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. -7.7m 0
1. 982.54m 29.1u
2. -15.41m 55.5u
3. -15.43m 76.94u
4. -15.45m 92.01u
5. -15.48m 100.38u
6. -15.5m 102.67u
7. -15.58m 121.14u
8. -15.53m 95.11u
9. -15.61m 110.48u
10. -15.55m 82.81u
11. -15.56m 77.69u
12. -15.57m 73.41u
13. -15.58m 69.24u
14. -15.59m 64.16u
15. -15.58m 51.43u
16. -15.61m 47.7u
17. -15.6m 29.75u
18. -15.62m 22.05u
19. -15.62m 7.97u
20. -15.61m -4.83u

7
Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 101.96u 0
1. 998.14m 34.19u
2. 184.49u 64.96u
3. 162.66u 89.48u
4. 136.22u 105.92u
5. 108.35u 113.76u
6. 82.04u 113.72u
7. 59.55u 107.55u
8. 42.16u 97.61u
9. 29.98u 86.32u
10. 22.16u 75.7u
11. 17.22u 66.99u
12. 13.45u 60.55u
13. 9.41u 55.85u
14. 4.24u 51.82u
15. -2.18u 47.16u
16. -9.18u 40.77u
17. -15.62u 32.09u
18. -20.15u 21.28u
19. -21.65u 9.2u
20. -19.51u -2.76u

8
Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Triunghiular
Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 1.92E-16 0
1. 395.21u 804.18m
2. 3.16E-16 -7.36E-16
3. -1.15m -83.89m
4. 1.17E-16 1.23E-16
5. 1.82m 26.65m
6. 1.18E-16 -2.6E-16
7. -2.35m -11.33m
8. 1.45E-16 -2.71E-17
9. 2.71m 5.46m
10. 8.87E-17 -1.67E-16
11. -2.89m -2.86m
12. 1.33E-16 -7.74E-17
13. 2.88m 1.65m
14. 7.1E-17 -1.39E-16
15. -2.73m -1.1m
16. 1.14E-16 -1.18E-16
17. 2.45m 836.54u
18. 5.66E-17 -1.35E-16
19. -2.1m -695.68u
20. 9.16E-17 -1.18E-16

9
Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. -96.07f 0
1. 400.78u 804.2m
2. -103.89f 1.02p
3. -1.17m -83.91m
4. -9.44f -56.69f
5. 1.85m 26.67m
6. 19.88f 302.21f
7. -2.38m -11.35m
8. -37.68f 20.99f
9. 2.75m 5.48m
10. 40.12f 142.81f
11. -2.92m -2.88m
12. -53.25f 36.08f
13. 2.92m 1.67m
14. 56.91f 86.79f
15. -2.76m -1.11m
16. -58.88f 33.48f
17. 2.47m 842.11u
18. 58.44f 68.2f
19. -2.12m -689.45u
20. -54.62f 25.44f

10
Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Trapezoidal
Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 46.88u 0
1. -5.44m 1.05
2. 70.68u 2.34m
3. 65.86u 1.4m
4. 69.11u 1.23m
5. 1.26m -40.6m
6. 95.02u 11.56u
7. -801.97u 20.95m
8. 71.23u 538.49u
9. 62.77u 421.09u
10. 65.87u 500.41u
11. 740.43u -7.55m
12. 98.62u 21.97u
13. -514.32u 5.59m
14. 71.53u 275.97u
15. 58.12u 204.88u
16. 60.6u 306.36u
17. 636.27u -2.63m
18. 104.02u 30.23u
19. -444.19u 2.28m
20. 72.37u 169.61u

11
Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

Fourier coefficients

k Amplitude (A) Amplitude (B)

0. 8.42u 0
1. -5.52m 1.05
2. -8.26u 2.38m
3. -5.54u 1.41m
4. -8.6u 1.19m
5. 1.18m -40.58m
6. 18.41u 16.87u
7. -884.13u 20.91m
8. -9.45u 583.43u
9. -6.56u 463.26u
10. -10.47u 465.94u
11. 657.77u -7.54m
12. 22.86u 32.41u
13. -597.43u 5.54m
14. -11.95u 320.49u
15. -8.45u 269.82u
16. -13.65u 279.61u
17. 551.19u -2.63m
18. 29.52u 45.45u
19. -526.57u 2.24m
20. -15.32u 212.52u

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Semnale si sisteme

T 1.00

500.00m
Voltage (V)

0.00

-500.00m

-1.00
0.00 250.00u 500.00u 750.00u 1.00m
Time (s)

13