Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 27-28

RECAPITULARE
1.
Propozitia conditionala de tipul I se refera la viitor
Propozitia conditionala de tipul II se refera la prezent, iar indeplinirea conditiei este putin
probabila sau imposibila:
If I were you I would not buy it.
3.
indeplinirea conditiei este posibila:
- Daca voi avea bani, voi cumpara"

o cama~a noua.
If I have money I will buy

a new shirt.
2.
~i
- In locul tau nu l-a~ cumpara.
Verbul auxiliar modal "must" - exprima necesitatea, obligatia. Must poate fi inlocuit cu "to
have to" - care nu este un verb auxiliar modal.
She has to write the leter.
- Ea trebuie sa scrie scrisoarea.
Verbul auxiliar modal "modal" are doar 0 forma de prezent. La trecut

locullui verbul "to have to".
4.
~i
viitor se folose~te in
Pronumele relativ "that" se poate omite in urmatoarele situatii:

a) Dupa un superlativ:
It is the best film (that) I have seen.
- Este eel mai bun film pe care I-am vazut.
b) Dupa urmatoarele cuvinte:

everything
anything
something
few
little
much
c) Dupa adjectivele "any"
~i
"only":
Is there any information (that)

you can give me?
- Poti sa-mi dai vreo

informatie?
nothing
,..
LECTIA
27
,
,..
PARTEA INTAI
Aceasta lectie este consacrata problemelor legislative. Cititi cu voce tare

subsantivele noi ~i retineti traducerea lor in limba romana:
law
> [10:]
- lege
crime
> [krahn]
- infractiune, crima
criminal
> [kriminl]
- criminal
fine
> [fain]
- amenda, penalizare
pickpocket
> [pikpokitJ
- hot de buzunare
burglar
> [bit: 'glafJ
- spargator
burglary
> [bit: fglariJ
- spargere (furt)
thief, thieves
> [Pi:fl [Pi:vzJ
- hot, hoti
theft
> [Tsei1J
-furt
robbery
> [robariJ
- jaf, furt
shoplifter
>
- hot de magazine
prisoner
> [prizanafJ
- prizonier, detinut
police
> [pali:sJ
- politie
Exersati cuvintele noi
~i
fiti atenti la pronuntie:
shoplifter
>
[~opliftafJ
thief, thieves
> [T'i:fI[Tsi:vzJ
- hot, hoti
law
> [lo:J
- lege
fine
>
pickpocket
> [pikpokit]
- hot de buzunare
robbery
> [robari]
- jaf, furt
prisoner
> [prizanaf]
police
> [pali:s]
- politie
crime
> [kraim]
- infractiune, crima
theft
> [Tseft]
-furt
burglary
> [bit:fgJari]
- spargere (furt)
criminal
> [kriminl]
- criminal
burglar
> [bit:fglafJ
- spargator
[~oplift~lf]
[f~lin]
..,
- hot de magazine
~
Cuvantul police este un substantiv colectiv, precedat intotdeauna de

articolul hotarat the, iar verbul este la plural.
lata cuvintele noi i'n propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare
~i
urmariti traducerea lor i'n limba romana:
The law forbids some things.
> [DZa 10: forbidz sam T'm(glz] - Legea interzice unele lucruri.
Killing a person is a crime.
> [kiJ m(gl
A criminal does things that
are forbidden.
> [a krimml daz T'm(glz rYEt

a." forbidn]
- Criminalul face lucruri care

sunt interzise.
You must pay the fine.
>
- Trebuie sa
Pickpockets want to steal

your purse.
> [pik]1oklts "ont III stl:l

in.' ]1a.'s]
- Hotii de buzunare vor sa-ti fure

portmoneul.
A burglar enters your house

to steal things.
> l a ba" gla' cnta'z

tll SIll T'l1l f ,d z ]
- Spargatorul intra i'n casa ta

sa fure lucruri.
There are many burglaries

every day.
> [D'ea' a r melll bit:' glanz
A thief steals.
> [a l'dstl'lz]
- Hotul fura.
There are more and

more robberies.
> [IYea' a r mo.' End

InO ' robm IZ)
- Sunt din ce i'n ce

mai multe jafuri.
Theft is stealing other

people's things.
> [T'eti
- Furtul inseamna sustragerea

lucrurilor altor persoane.
[Ill.
e\'rI
pa:'sl1
IZ
kralln]
mast pel DZa fam
lOr
haus
del]
IZ sti:lm(gJ aD'ij'
pi plz T'm(glz]
- A omori' 0 persoana este 0 crima.
pHite~ti
- Sunt multe spargeri

zilnic.
"Shoplifters take things out of shops without paying for them."

3
amenda.
l~oplIfta'z
Shoplifters take things

out of shops without paying
for them.
>
telk T'm(glz
aut av sops U IDZaut pelln(gl
fa r D'em]
A prisoner has escaped.
> [a prizana' hEz Iskel pI]
- Hotii de magazine scot

(sustrag) lucruri din magazine
rara sa plateasca pentru ele.
- Un prizonier a scapat.
Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

- Many> cnmmals are not in prison.
Multi criminali nu sunt in inchisoare.

Hotii pot fi
periculo~i.
- > ThIeves can be dangerous.
Furtul de ma~ini este 0 infractiune serioasa?
- Is car >thefta serious >cnme?
Hotii de buzunare trebuie sa fie foarte rapizi.
- > PIckpockets have to be very fast.
Spargatorul
~i-a
- The> burglar broke a leg in our house.
rupt piciorul in casa noastra.
leri a avut loc un jaf in apropierea

oficiului po~tal.
- There was a > robbery near

the post-office yesterday.
Cand a avut loc spargerea aceea?
- When was that> burglary?
Detinutii au stat mult timp in inchisoare.
- The >pnsoners spent a long time in prison.
Politia cauta doi oameni.
- > The polIce are looking for two people.
Aceasta este impotriva legii?
- Is this against the > law?
A trebuit sa platim 0 amenda.
- We had to pay a >fine.
Hotul de magazine a fost prins

in timp ce parasea magazinul.
- The >shopllfterwas caught

when he was leaving the shop.
Ati remarcat desigur prepozitia against, care inseamna "impotriva, (in)

contra."
Probabil ati retinut deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:
amenda, penalizare
> fine
prizonier, detinut
> pnsoner
hot de magazine
> shoplifter
criminal
> cnmmal
spargere
> burglary
politie
> pollee
jaf
> robbery
spargator
> burglar
lege
> law
hot
> thIef
hot de buzunare
> pickpocket
infractiune, erima
>cnme
4
Vii prezentiim acum cel de-al trei/ea tip de propozitie conditionalii. in acest tip de propozitie
condltia nu este realizabi/ii. Verbul din subordonata conditionalii este la timpul Past Perfect, iar in
propozitia principalii verbul este la conditionalul trecut, care are urmatoarea structura:would +
have + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat.

lata diteva exemple:
If the burglar hadn't been caught, we would
- Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,
have lost a lot of money.
pierdeam bani multi.
I would have had time to read it

if you had told me yesterday.
A~
fi avut timp sa 0 citesc,

daca imi spuneai ieri.
Pe baza exemplelor de mai sus, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

- If he >hadn't stolen this book
El nu ar fi ajuns la inchisoare,
then he >would not have gone to prison.
daca nu ar fi furat aceasta carte.

Daca noi coseam f'anul mai devreme,
I-am fi viindut.
- Ifwe >had made hay earlier

we >would have sold it.
A~
- I >would have gone to the cinema with you
fi mers cu tine ieri la cinematograf,
daca a~ fi avut timp.
yesterday if I >had had time.

- He >would have told me about it earlier
ifhe >had known
Mi-ar fi vorbit despre acellucru,

daca ar fi
~tiut
mai devreme.
Ce ai fi facut daca
- What >would you have done if
te concediau atunci?
they >had fired you then?
Verbele would ~i could sunt verbe modale. Structura propozitiei interogative in care apar ~i aceste
verbe este: could/would + subiect + verbul de conjugat, de exemplu:
Could you leave yesterday?
- Ai putut pleca ieri?
What would you do if you were rich?
- Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?
Forma negativii a acestor verbe sunt:
could not -forma prescurtatii couldn't [kudnt]

would not -forma prescurtatii wouldn't [Uudnt]
They couldn't see us there.
- Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.
My mother wouldn't spend this much
- Mama mea nu ar nu ar cheltui atiit,
if she hadn't money.
daca nu ar avea bani.

5
lata cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare
~i
fiti atenti la traducerea lor in limba romana:
innocent
> [inasant]
inocent, nevinovat
guilty
> [giltl]
vinovat
obviously
> [obviaslI]
(in mod) evident
outrageous
> [autre/dps]
imoral, revoltator
brutal
> [bru:tl]
brutal, crud
lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi cu atentie dialogul:
A:
Do you think this man is guilty?
B:
He can't be innocent. He obviously stole the cash from the bank.
A:
Yes, that was outrageous. I heard that he had been very brutal.
B:
I hope he will go to prison for a long time.
Traduceti propozitiile din text in limba romana:

Do you think this man
is guilty?
> [L1u /u: f'inlg1k LYis mEn
He can't be innocent.
> [hI. ka:nt bi: inasant]
He obviously stole the cash

from the bank.
> [hI. ob\ las II stau! IYa

from D/a bEn(g)k]
Yes, that was outrageous.
>
I heard that he had been

very brutal.
> [ai ha:'d D7Et hi hEd bl.n

veri bru:tl]
- Am auzit ca a fost
foarte brutal.
I hope he will go to prison

for a long time.
> [ai haup hI: lid gau tu prizn

fo:' a ]on(gl tann]
- Sper ca va ajunge la inchisoare

pentru multa vreme.
lZ giltl]
[ICS
- Crezi ca acest om
este vinovat?
- Nu poate fi nevinovat.
kE~
DIEt "az autreidjas]
- Evident, el a furat banii

din banca.
- A fost intr-adevar, revoltator.
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Ai auzit vreodata despre aceasta
crima revoltatoare?
- Have you ever heard of this

> outrageous crime?
Este posibil ca ea este vinovata?
- Is it possible that she is > guilt)?
Barbatul parea sa fie nevinovat.
- The man seemed to be > mnoccnt
Evident, ei au auzit
~tirile.
- They have> obVIOusly heard the news.

- Don't be so > brutll
Nu fii atat de brutal!
Sa exersam inca
data cuvintele noi. Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:
nevinovat
> JOnocent
brutal
> brutal
(in mod) evident
> obvIOusly
revoltator
> outrageous
Sd urmiirim in contilluare cum se face trecerea din vorbirea directii in vorbire indirectii, in cazul
propozifiilor interogative.
lata mai intiii, ciiteva exemple:
John asked "Are you at home?".
- John asked if I were at home.
Peter asked "When were you in England?".
- Peter asked when I had been in England.
Afi observat desigur, cd ordinea in propozifia indirectd interogatiVii este identicd cu cea din
propozifia ajirmativd. De fapt, este vorba despre 0 propozifie ajirmativd $i nu de una interogativii.
111 cazul intrebiirii decizionale (da/nu), propozifia secundarii care urmeazii dupii propozifia
principalii este introdusii prin prepozifia if. In cazul propozifiei interogative complementare
pronumele interogativ riimane neschimbat. Nu uitafi timpul verbelor se schimbii!
Acum, treceti propozitiile interogative de la vorbirea directa la vorbirea indirecta:

Mary asked "Where is he going?".
> Mary asked where he \\ as g01I1g.
Peter asked "Did they meet her?".
> Peter asked Ir they had met her.
Jane asked "Who has taught her how to swim?".
> Jane asked who had taught her how to sWIm.
John asked "Does he like music?".
> John clsked Ifhe liked musIc.
in exercitiul urmator, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Peter a intrebat daca legea interzice acellucru.
> Peter asked if the law forbade It.
Mary a intrebat ciind I-a prins politia

pe hot.
> Mary asked when the police had caught
John a intrebat daca hotii de buzunare

sunt infractori.
> John asked if pickpockets

were cnllllnals.
Jane a intrebat unde vrem sa mergem.
> .lane asked where we wanted to go.
Peter a intrebat ciite spargeri au avut loc

in acest ora~.
> Pete! asked hO\\ mallY btl!gIaries there

had been in thiS cIty
the thIef
In aceasta Iectie nu ati invatat inca verbe noi. lata-Ie:

to commit
> [tll kamit]
- a comite
to arrest
> [tll arest]
- a aresta, a pune sub interdictie
to rob
> [tll rob]
- ajefui, a fura
to prosecute
> [tll proslkru:t]
- a institui/a intenta (un) proces
to confess
> [tll kanfes]
- a martllrisi, a recunoa~te
to sentence (to)
> [tll sentans]
- a condamna
to beware of
> [tll blUea f av]
- a se feri, a se pazi
Acum yom folosi verbele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi cu atentie:

A:
Beware of this man! He's a criminal.
B:
What crime did he commit?
A:
He robbed ten rich people.
B:
Was he prosecuted?
A:
Yes, he was. The police arrested him after looking for him for two months.
B:
Did he confess to the robberies?
A:
Yes, he did. And then he was sentenced to ten years.
Cititi propozitile separat
~i
Beware of this man!
Fere~te-te
de omul acesta!
He's a criminal.
> [hI:Z a krimml]
- Este un criminal.
What crime did he commit?
> [" o t kralln dId hi kamit]
- Ce infractiune a comis?
He robbed ten rich people.
> [hi: rabd (en nt;; pi:pl]
- EI a jefuit zece oameni bogati.
Was he prosecuted?
> [" az hI: proSlklll:tId]
- I s-a intentat proces?
Yes, he was.
> [les hI: Uaz]
- Da.
The police arrested him

after looking for him
for two months.
> [D/a pali:s arcstld hI:m

a:fta f ]ukin(g) fa:' hun
fo. l tu: man f'J
- Po1itia I-a arestat

dupa ce I-a cautat timp de
doua 1uni.
Did he confess
to the robberies?
>[dld hI: kanfcs

tll [Ya robanz]
- E1 a recunoscut jafuri1e?
Yes, he did.
> [les hI: dId]
-Da.
And then he was sentenced

to ten years.
> [End [Yen hI: "az sen(anst

(ll tcn la'z]
- Apoi a fost condarnnat

1a zece ani.
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Vecinul lui a comis un furt.
- His neighbour >commited a theft.
Cine a fost arestat?
- Who has been >arrested?
Ieri cinci oameni I-au jefuit pe bacan.
- Five men >robbed the grocer's yesterday.
Fere~te-te
- >Beware of dark streets!
de strazile intunecoase!
De ce nu li s-a intentat un proces?

El
~i-a
- Why haven't they been >prosecuted?
recunoscut toate infractiunile.
- He >confessed to all his crimes.
Cine i-a condamnat?
- Who has >sentenced them?
in urmatorul exercitiu, traduceti verbele noi in limba engleza:

a aresta
> to arrest
a intenta (un) proces
> to prosecute
a se feri
> to beware of
a condamna
> to sentence
a comite
> to commit
a jefui
> to rob
a marturisi, a
recunoa~te
> to confess
lata ultimul exercitiu al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

El m-a intrebat cfmd il vor condamna.
> He asked me when they would sentence him.
Daca a~ fi ~tiut mai devreme,

nu m-a~ fi intors acasa.
> If l had known earlier

I would not have returned home.
~tii
> Do you know our brother was prosecuted?
ca fratelui nostru i s-a intentat un proces?
EI a fost arestat pentru ca a comis
infractiune.
> He \\ as arrested because he commited a clime.
Mary a intrebat daca aceasta intiimplare

a fost revoltatoare.
> Mary asked if this story

was outrageous.
Au avut loc recent multe spargeri

in imprejurimile noastre.
> There have been a lot of burglaries

in OUI surroundings recently.
~tii
> Do you know our law forbids theft?
ca legea noastra interzice furtul?
Fere~te-te de
acest om brutal!
> Beware of thIs brutal man!
I-au condamnat la cinci ani.
> They sentenced them to five years.
Ea ~i-a recunoscut crima.
> She confessed the cnme.
LECTIA
27 - PARTEA A DOVA
,
Sa continuam tot cu problemele legislative. Unneaza un grup de substantive
noi. Citili-le cu voce tare:
sentence
> [scnt:.ms]
- sentinta
remorse
> [rimo:"s]
police-station
> [pali:s
ticket
> [tiklltj
- bilet, proces verbal

(de contravenlie)
speeding
> [spi:din(gl]
- exces de viteza
murder
> [ma:rda r]
- crima, omucidere
murderer
> [mll:'dararj
evidence
> [evidans]
- dovada, marturie
behaviour
> [bihcivd]
- purtare, comportament
blackmail
> [bIEkmeil]
capital
punishment
> [kEpitl
- pedeapsa capitala!
cu moartea
death sentence
> [deT' scnlans]
stci~n]
pani~mant]
remu~care,cainta
- post de politie
uciga~,
asasin
~antaj
- condamnare la moarte
Exersati cuvintele noi, dar in alta ordine:

murderer
> [ma:rdara r]
speeding
> [spi:din lgl ]
- exces de viteza
sentence
> [sentans]
- sentinta
capital
punishment
> [kEpitl
- pedeapsa capitaHi/
cu moartea
remorse
> [rimo:rs]
ticket
> [tikat]

(de contraventie)
blackmail
> [blEkmeil]
murder
> [ma:fda']
- crima, omucidere
evidence
> [cvicbns]
- dovada, marturie
death sentence
> [dcT' scntans]
police-station
> [pali: s stei~ll]
- post de politie
behaviour
> [biheivia f]
panismant]
10
uciga~,
asasin
remu~care,
cainta
~antaj
Citili cu voce tare urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza in care am introdus cuvinte1e noi
atenli la traducerea lor in limba romana:
~i
He got a long sentence.
> [hI' got a lan(g' sentans]
- EI a primit
Does he feel any remorse?
>1 daz hi:
- EI are vreo remu~care?
They were taken

to the police-station.
>[lYeiua.l tClkn
tll IYa pali:s stcisn]
- Au fost du~i la
postul de polilie.
Do you often get a ticket?
> [till Ill, ofi! get a tibt]
Last week I got one

for speeding.
> [Ia~t " L k <11 got "an

fa, spi dmlg1j
- Saptamana trecuta am primit

una pentru exces de viteza.
Is murder the most

serious crime?
> [IZ ma"da' fYa mallst

si'! las krcl/ITI]
- Omuciderea este cea mai

serioasa infractiune?
Is it known who
> [ iz It 11cllln hu'
- Se
ft:l enlllmo:'sj
D/,lllla,'dara'" az j
the murderer was?
pedeapsa lunga.
Prime~ti
des procese verbale

de contraventie?
~tie
cine a fost
uciga~ul?
There is enough evidence.
> [[Yea'
What do you think

of her behaviour?
> [" a t dll ill, T'lI1 lgl k
They are guilty of blackmail.
> [IYel 3:' giltl a\' blEkmell]
- Sunt vinovali de
Do they get capital

punishment?
> L-Ill [Yel get kEpit!
- Vor primi pedeapsa

capitala?
The death sentence

did not scare him.
> [D/a deT' sentans

did nol skea' him]
IZ
lIlafc\'ldansj
a\ hal blhe/\ la']
panlSl1lant]
fili
- Sunt dovezi suficiente.

- Ce parere ai despre
comportamentul el?
~antaj.
- Condamnarea la moarte
nu I-a speriat.
in urmatorul exerc1tiu completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Siiptamiina aceasta au avut loc trei crime.
- There have been three >murders this week.
Postul de polItIC este langa hotel.
- The >police-statj'll1 is next to the hotel.
Dovezlle sunt putine.
- There is a little >cvldencc.
Comportamenrullor este foarte ciudat.
- Their >beha\ lOur is very strange.
UCtga::;11 au tost arestali.
- The >munlcll'rs have been arrested.
Santalul
t'~te
adesea profitabil.
- >Blackmcul is often profitable.
Ce pedt"apsa au primit?
- What >sentence did they get?
I)nll oalOeni ered ca pedeapsa capitala

este t':lra rost.
- Some people think >capital punishment

is useless.
Pollllstul i-a intocmit un proces verbal.
- The policeman gave him a >tieket.

11
Se condamna la moarte pentru furt?
- Is there a >death sentence for theft?
Excesul de viteza este penculos.
- >Speeding is dangerous.
Desigur,
criminal,
pute~i
deja sa
tladuce~i
cuvintele noi in limba engleza:
uciga~
> murderer
condamnare la moarte
> death sentence
dovada
> eVIdence
sentinta
> sentence
exces de viteza
> speedmg
pedeapsa capitalalcu moartea
> capital punishment
proces verbal de contraventie
> ticket
post de politie
> polIce-statIOn
crima, omucidere
> murder
comportament
> behaviour
remu~care
> remorse
~antaj
> blackmaIl
latti 0 modalitate de exprzmare a viitorului. cu ajutorul constructiei to be going to - a avea de gand

sa. in aceastti constructie se conjugti doar verbul to be infunctie de persoanti ~i timp (I am going to,
she is going to, they are going to, etc.). De exemplu:
I am going to watch a film tonight.
- Deseara rna uit la un film.
They were going to fly to England.
- Ei au avut de gand sa zboare in Anglia.
::::-1
t~ ;~;: : . .
lnterogativul se formeazti prin inversiunea ordinii subiectului cu forma corespunztitoare a verbului to be. Nega!ia se formeazti prin adtiugarea la forma corespunztitoare a verbului to be a adverbului
de nega!ie not. De exemplu:
1:::::::::1\:::-.
Where are you going to spend your holiday?
- Unde iti vei petrece concediul?
it;::!::' :
She was not going to visit us yesterday.
- Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze ieri.
! .
i:" .:'
I" .
Pe baza exemplelor, traduceti propozitiile care urmeaza in limba engleza:

Nu avem de gand sa-l arestam pe acest om.
> We aren't going to arrest this man.
Unde iti vei duce copiii?
> Where are you going to take your children?
Tata! meu va vinde
ma~ina
noastra veche.
> My father is going to sell our old car.
Politia ii va duce la postul de politie?
> Are the police going to take them

to the police-station?
Nu-ti voi povesti aceasta intimplare.
> I'm not going to tell you this story.
12
lata aIte cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare
~i
retineti sensullor:
relieved
>lnli.vd]
sufficient
> [safi~ant)
- suficient
violent
>l valalant]
- violent
decent
>l di:sant)
- decent, cumsecade
envious (ot)
>l en\'las)
- invidios (pe)
gentle
>[ dJentl]
- bland,
He was relieved when

he was not prosecuted.
>[hl: "oz nli:vd lien

hi: "az not proslkiu.tid)
- El a fost u~urat cand

nu i s-a intentat proces.
Is this sufficient for today?
>llz D7 1s
He has always been

a violent man.
>[hi: hEz o:]Ue/z bi:n

a va/alant mEn]
- El a fost intotdeauna
un om violent.
Most people are decent.
>[maust pi.pl a:' di:sant)
- Majoritatea oamenilor
sunt curnsecade.
The thief said he was envious

of rich people.
>[DZa TSJ:fsed hi: Uoz envias

3\ nt~ pi:pl]
- Hotul a spus ca era invidios

pe oamenii bogati.
What a gentle person she is!
>[ Uot a dJcntl pa:'sn
u~urat
ginga~,
amabil
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii:
safi~ant
fo:' tadci]
~i:
IZ]
- Este suficient pentru azi?
- Ce persoana amabila este ea!
Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Ace~tia
- These are >decent people.
sunt oameni decenti.
Te-ai simtit u~urat ~i tu?
- Were you >reheved, too?
Fii amabil cu ei!
- Be >gentle to them!
Este suficient ulei?
- Is there >sufficient oil?
Sunt intotdeauna atat de violenti?
- Are they always so >vlolent?
Nu are rost sa fi invidios.
- It's no use being >envious.
Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

decent
> decent
u~urat
> leheved
invidios (pe)
> envious (of)
amabil
> gentle
violent
> \ !Olent
suficient
> suffiCIent
13
Jar acum vom invata un alt tip de pronume - pronumele relativ compus. lata trei dintre acestea:
whoever
> l hu eva']
- oricine, oricare
whatever
> [lJoteva']
- mice
whichever
>
- oricare, orice
[tlJt~c\a']
Sa Ie folosim in propozilii:
> [tlnteva' h Epnz
al "ll help IU:]
- Orice s-ar intimpla,

te voi ajuta.
Whoever sees the thief

must tell the police.
> [hu."va'
- Oricine vede holul,

trebuie sa anunle polilia.
Whichever of these cars

you choose, it will cost you
a lot.
>
Whatever happens
I will help you.
SI:Z
DZa Pl.f
mast tel Dca pzlli:s]
l Ult~C\ a' av IYJ:z ka:'z

Ill.
t~u Z
It "il kost
a lot]
Ill:
- Orice ma~ina
ai alege, te va costa
mult.
Dupa pronumele relative compuse, pentru exprimarea viitorului se

folose~te timpul Simple Present.
Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Orice casa cumperi, va fi prea mica
pentru familia tao
> Whichever house you buy It wJll be too small

for your fatTIlly.
Oricine imi cere bani, il voi refuza.
> Whoever asks me for money, 1will refuse him.
Orice scrii va fi bine.
> Whatever you WrIte it will be all right.
lata acum cateva verbe noi. Citili-le cu atenlie
~i
invatati semnificatia lor:
to accuse (of)
> l tu aklU:z]
- a acuza, a invinui (de)
to release
> [tllJllis]
- a elibera, a pune in libertate
to murder
> (tu ma:'da'j
- a ucide, a omori
to report
> [tu JIjlO:'\]
- a raporta, a anunla
to convict (of)
> [\ll kanvikt]
- a condamna, a declara vinovat

(pe cineva)
to punish
> l tu
pal1J~ ]
- a pedepsi
to find out
> [tu
f~\lnd
- a constata, a descoperi
aut]
14
Cititi eLI atentie urmatorul dialog In care apar
~i
cuvintele noi:
A:
Six months ago somebody reported a murder to the police.
B:
Did they catch the murderer?
A:
Yes, they did. He was accused and convicted.
B:
How was he punished?
A:
He was sentenced to capital punishment. But after two weeks he was released.
B:
Why? Wasn't he guilty?
A:
No, he wasn't. The police found out that somebody else had committed the crime.
Traduceti In limba romana propozitiile din text:

Six months ago somebody
reported a murder
to the police.
> l "lks man Ps ag;iu samhodi
Did they catch the murderer?
> [did IY L'l
lIpo:'(Jd a ma:'da'
tll fYa pali:s]
kel~
- Cu ~ase luni In urma,

cineva a anuntat 0 crima
la politie.
D a mil:' dara'] - L-au prins pe criminal?

- Da.
Yes, they did.

He was accused and
convicted.
> [hi "oz aklU:zd Fnd

kanviktJd]
- EI a fost acuzat ~i
condamnat.
How was he punished?
> [hal: u oz hI: pamst]
- Ce pedeapsa a primit?
He was sentenced to
capital punishment.
> [hI: "oz scnl,lllS; III
- EI a primit pedeapsa
cu moartea.
But after two weeks

he was released.
> l hat ana' Iu "I:ks

hi: "oz nli sl]
- Dar dupa doua saptamani,

el a fost pus In libertate.
Why?
> ["al]
- Dece?
Wasn't he guilty?
> ll'o,rnt hI'
kEplt1
pal11~1l1al1t]
~iltlJ
- Nu a fost vinovat?
No, he wasn't.
- Nu.
> l D/a pali.s falJlld aul DiEt

The police found out that
sambodJ els bEd kamilld
somebody else had committed
D/a ham!]
the crime.
- Politia a constatat
ca altcineva a comis crima.
Sa exersam folosirea verbelor noi. Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma verbala
corespunzatoare:
Noi am anuntat furtulla postul de politie.
- We >reported the theft at the police-station.
De ce I-au eliberat?
- Why have they >reh:a.,,~d him?
El m-a acuzat ca i-am furat cizmele.
- He >accused me of stealing his boots.

15
De ce nu i-au pedepsit?
- Why haven't they >punlshed them?
Pentru ce I-au condamnat?
- What did they >convlct him of?
EI ~i-a omorat secretera.
- He >has murdered his secretary.
Am descoperit deja cine mi-a mancat cina.
- I have already >found out who ate my dinner.
"I have already found out who ate my dinner."
Traduceti in limba engleza verbele:

a raporta, a anunta
> to report
a elibera, a pune in libertate
> to release
a condamna, a declara vinovat
> to convict
a pedepsi
> to pUnish
a acuza, a invinui (de)
> to accuse (of)
a omori, a ucide
> to murder
a constata, a descoperi
> to find out
In final, sa verificam in ce masura ati reu~it sa retineti materialul acestei lectii:

Doi hoti de buzunare au fost arestati azi.
Politia nu
~tie
> Two pIckpockets have been arrested today.
unde se afla acest criminal.
> The polIce don't know where thIs criminal is.
Spargatorul ar fi fost prins mai devreme,

daca am fi avut telefon atunci.
> The burglar would have been caught earher

If we had had a telephone then.
Evident, ei au comis aceasta infractiune.
> They ob\ lOusly cOlTI1mtted thIs cnme.
16
Purtarea lui este revolUitoare.
> His behavIour is outrageous.
Peter a i'ntrebat daca prietenullui

a fost condamnat.
> Peter asked if his fnend
Ei au intrehat cand yom intenta proces

impotriva ei.
> They asked when we would prosecute her.
Feriti-va de oamenii rai!
> Beware of bad people!
EI a primit pedeapsa eu moartea.
> He got a death sentence.
Daea ai fi condus mai incet, nu ti s-ar fi intocmit

un proces verbal de contravenlie.
> If you had dnven slowlier you wouldn't
Nu avem suficiente dovezi sa-i acuzam

de acest jaf.
> We don't have enough evidence to accuse
Acest hot are vreo remu~care?
> Does thiS thief have any remorse'?
Polilia are de gand sa-l duca pe

la postul de politie.
had been sentenced.
have got a ticket.
them of thiS robbery.
uciga~
> The pollce are going to take the murderer
to the pol ice-statlOll,

> Whoe\er comes hetc I wdl throw him out.
Oricine va veni aici, 11 voi da afara.

Cum ai de gand sa-l
pedepse~ti?
> How are you going to punish him?
Acum urmeaza obi~nuitul exerciliu de pronuntie. Literele din

desemneaza un sunet identic:
[e]
[I: ]
['II]
[i]
theft
relieved
fine
convict
death
decent
crime
criminal
envious
thief
time
fish
gentle
release
rise
thick
17
aceea~i
coloana, scrise accentuat,
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
27
,
27.1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul III (III Conditional)
27.1.1. in propozitia conditionala de tipul III conditia este ireala, nu este realizabila.
27.1.2. in propozitia conditionala introdusa de prepozitia "if" verbul este la timpul Past
Perfect, iar in propozitia subordonata apare constructia: "would + have + forma a III-a
a verbului de conjugat".
De exemplu:
If the burglar hadn't been caught
- Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,
we would have lost a lot of money.
noi am fi pierdut 0 multime de bani.
I would have had time to do it
if you had told me yesterday.
A~ fi avut timp sa fac asta

daca imi spuneai ieri.
27.2. Vorbirea indirecta, propozitia indirecta interogativa

27.2.1. Ordinea in propozitia indirecta interogativa este identica cu aceea dintr-o propozitie
afirmativa.
27.2.2. in cazul intrebarii decizionale (da/nu) propozitia secundara care urmeaza dupa
propozitia principala este introdusa prin prepozitia if. De exemplu:
- Peter asked if they had met her.
Peter asked "Did they meet her?"
in propozitia interogativa complementara, pronumele interogativ ramane neschimbat.

De exemplu:
Mary asked "Where is he going?".
- Mary asked where he was going.
Timpul verbului se schimba conform regulii concordantei timpurilor.
27.3. Constructia "to be going to" - "a avea de gand sa":

27.3.1. in aceasta constructie, se schimba doar forma verbului "to be" in functie de persoana
~i timp (I am going to, she is going to, they are going to etc.). De exemplu:
- Ii voi vizita azi.
I am going to visit them today.
27.3.2. Interogativul se formeaza prin inversiunea subiectului cu forma corespunzatoare a

verbului to be, iar negatia prin adaugarea adverbului de negatie "not" la forma
corespunzatoare a verbului "to be".
Where are you going to spend
your holiday?
- Unde ai de gand sa-ti petreci

concediul?
She was not going to visit us

yesterday.
- Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze

ieri.
18
27.4. Pronumele relative compuse:

whoever
- oricine, oricare
whatever
- once
whichever
- oricare, orice
Whatever happens I will help you.
- Grice s-ar intampla te voi ajuta.
Whoever sees the thief must tell the police. - Gricine vede hotul, trebuie sa anunte politia.
- Grice ma~ina alegi,
te va costa mult.
Whichever of these cars you choose,

it will cost you a lot.
De~i dupa pronumele relative compuse se
refera la viitor.
folose~te
timpul Simple Present, de obicei, ele se
27.5. "Would, could"

27.5.1. Verbele "would" ~i "could" sunt verbe auxiliare modale, de aceea propozitiile
interogative formate cu ajutorullor, implica inversiunea, de exemplu:
Could you leave yesterday?
- Ai putut pleca ieri?
What would you do if you

were rich?
- Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?
27.5.2. Formele lor negative sunt:

"could not" - forma prescurtata "couldn't"
"would not" - forma prescurtata "wouldn't"
They couldn't see us there.
- Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.
My mother wouldn't pay for this

if she hadn't money.
- Mama mea nu ar plati pentru asta

daca nu ar avea bani.
19
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 27

A
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:
I.
John isn't going to invite her to his house.
2.
Whoever comes tell him I am not at home.
3.
Peter asked who had caught the pickpocket.
4.
If the police had had this information earlier, they would have found the criminal easily.
5.
The prisoner asked if he had to pay a fine.
6.
This outrageous brutal crime was committed by a very young man.
B.
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
I.
Spargatorul a fost arestat dupa ce a jefuit doua case.
2.
De ce ai de gand sa-I declari vinovat de acest omor?
3.
Daca locatarii ar fi anuntat mai devreme spargerea, ei nu ar fi pierdut totul.
4.
Grice vrei sa faci, ar fi mai bine daca ai renunta.
5.
Maria a intrebat cand ii vor elibera sotul.
6.
Peter a intrebat daca hotului de buzunare i s-a intentat proces.
C.
Alegeti cuvantul care se

I.
John asked who
potrive~te
in propozitie:
arrested.
a. is
b. was
2.
The children
going to play in the garden.
a. were
b. wasn't
3.
tells you this, don't think it's true.
a. whatever
b. whoever
4.
If they
him to capital punishment it would have been horrible.
a. had sentenced
b. sentence
20
"
PARTEA "INTAI
LECTIA
28
,
Sa revenim la problemele legislative, dar yom studia alte teme. Daca pana
acum ne-am ocupat de expresiile legislatiei penale, in continuare yom
face cuno~tinta cu expresii ale legislatiei civile:.
wedding
> [\ledin();)]
nunta
wedding-day
> [\ledin();) dei]
ziua nuntii
wedding-ring
> ["edin();) rin(g)]
verigheta
God, god
> [god]
Dumnezeu, divinitate
bride
> [braid]
mireasa
guest
> [gest]
musafir, invitat
bachelor
>
bridegroom
> [braidgru:m]
mire
mamage
> [mEridj]
casatorie
divorce
> [divo:'s]
divort
relatives
> [relati:vz]
rude
service
> [sa:'vis]
serviciu, ceremonie
[bEt~ala']
celibatar
lata noile cuvinte intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie

corespondentul lor in limba romana:
~i
retineti
bachelor
>
bride
> [braid]
mireasa
God, god
> [god]
Dumnezeu, divinitate
guest
> [gest]
musafir, invitat
servIce
> [sa:rvis]
serviciu, ceremonie
wedding-ring
> ["edin(g) rin(gl]
verigheta
divorce
> [divo:rs]
divort
wedding
> ["edin(gl]
nunta
mamage
> [mEridj]
casatorie
wedding-day
> [cledin();) dei]
ziua nuntii
relatives
> [relati:vz]
rude
bridegroom
> [braidgru:m]
mIre
21
[bEt~alar]
celibatar
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare
~i
When is their wedding-day?
> ["en iz Dlel' UeulIllgl dei]
- Cand va avea loc nunta lor?
What a beautiful wedding

that was!
>[" o t a hlU:td1tl"edin(g)
DIEt "oz]
- Ce nunta minunata
a fost!
He bought expensive
wedding-rings.
>[hl: bo:t lkspensiv
- El a cumparat verighete
scumpe.
God, help me!
>[god help mi:]
- Doamne, ajuta-ma!
The bride was late.
> [DZa braid U oz leit]
- Mireasa a intfirziat.
The bridegroom is very tall.
>[D1a braidgru:m
How many guests were there?
>[hau meni gests "a.' D/ea']
- Cfiti invitati au fost acolo?
This man is a bachelor.
>[DZIS mEn iz a bEt::;ala']
- Acest barbat este celibatar.
There are many divorces

every year.
>[ Olea' a I mcni divo:'SIZ

evn la']
- Sunt multe divorturi

in fiecare an.
They say marriage

is forever.
>[ D/ci sci mEnu] iz

(orcva']
- Ei spun ca mariajul va dura

o ve~nicie.
Were all your relatives there?
>[" a .' 0.1 io:' rclati.vz IYea']
- Au fost acolo toate rudele tale?
The service was impressive.
>[D/ 3 sa:'vis "oz lmpreslv]
- Ceremonia a fost impresionanta.
"edin(g) rin(glz]
lZ
ven to:l]
- Mirele este foarte inalt.
"The bridegroom is very tall."
22
lata un alt exercitiu: completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:
Casatoria nu este pentru mine.
- > Marriage is not for me.
Nu voi fi acolo la nunta lor.
- I will not be at their >wedding.
~tiu
- I know there is > God
ca exista Dumnezeu.
Toata lumea a vorbit despre divortullor.
- Everybody talked about their >divorce.
Ai cumparat deja verighetele?
- Have you bought the> wedding-rings yet?
El a spus ca nu va uita niciodata

ziua nuntii sale.
- He said he would never forget his

>wedding-day.
Au intarziat la ceremonie.
- They were late for the> service.
Mireasa $i mirele au putine rude.
- The> bride and the> bndegroom have

few>relatives.
Ai fost unul dintre musafiri?
- Were you one of the > guest~'?
Ma bucur ca sunt celibatar.
- I'm glad I'm a> bachelor
De cat timp 11 cuno$tea mireasa?
- How long has the> bndeknown him?
Mirele este fratele meu.
- The> bndegroomis my brother.
Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza, pentru a Ie retine cat mai bine:

mire
> bndegroom
divort
> di\ orce
musafrr
> guest
verigheta
> weddl11g-ring
mireasa
> bnde
serviciu, ceremonie
> sen Ice
Dumnezeu
> God
ruda, rude
> relatIves
ziua nuntii
> wedding-day
nunta
> wedding
celibatar
> bachelor
casatorie
> marnage
Sa revenim la pronumele relative.
Pronumele relative aflate la inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive, pot fi omise in anumite
cazuri.
23
De exemplu:
The people (whom) I visited were
very nice to me.
- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat, au fost

foarte draguti cu mine.
Don't lose the ticket (which) he has given to you.
- Nu pierde biletul pe care ti I-a dat.
Do you like the book (that) you have read?
- Iti place cartea pe care ai citit-o?
The news (which) we heard was very bad.
~tirea
pe care a auzit-o, a fost foarte proasta.
Is the car (which) you drove yesterday expensive? - Este scumpa ma~ina pe care ai condus-o ieri?
Traduceti in limba engleza frazele care contm propozitii secundare relative. Daca este cazul, omiteti
pronumele relative, conform regulii anterioare:
Ace~ti
oameni pe care ii cunosc demult,

au fost concediati ieri.
> These people. whom I have known for a long

time, were fired yesterday.
Ma~ina
pe care am cumparat-o saptamana trecuta,

este foarte rapida.
> The car J bought last week

IS \ ery fast.
Femei~
care se plimba acolo,

este sora tatalui meu.
> The woman who IS walkmg there is

my father's sIster
Unde ai cumparat costumul

pe care tocmai il porti?
> Where have you bought the suit

you are weanng')
Cartofii pe care i-am scos, sunt mici.
> The potatoes we have dug are small.
Acest scaun, care este foarte vechi,

nu este de vanzare.
> This chair, which

IS not for sale.
Casa pe care am construit-o nu este foarte inalta.
> The house wc have built is not very high.
Politistul care I-a arestat pe infractor,

a spus ca nu a fost u~or.
> The policeman that arrested the criminal

said that It hadn't been easy.
IS VClY
old,
lata acum cateva cuvinte noi:

engaged
>[mgeldjd]
-Iogodit
happy
>[hEpI]
- fericit
enormous
>[mo:1mas]
- enorm, una~
single
> [singl]
- necasatorit, celibatar
incredible
> [mkrBdl bal]
- incredibil
religious
> [nlidJas]
- religios
24
Cititi unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza in care am folosit cuvintele noi:

Smce when have they
been engaged?
>[sms lien hEy DZei

bi:n mgeldjd]
- De cfmd sunt logoditi?
It was the happiest day

of their lives.
> [It "oz DZa hEpiast del

a\' D/ei' lalvz]
- A fost cea mai fericita zi

din viata lor.
They are going to live

in an enonnous house.
> [D'ei a:' gaum(g) tu Iiv

in an ino"mas haus]
- Ei vor locui intr-o

casa enonna.
Are you still single?
>[a:'
Their divorce is incredible.
>[D'd divo:'s iz inkredlbal]
- Divortul lor este incredibil.
These people are

very religious.
> [D/t:z pi:pl a:'
Ill:
stll singl]
\en rilidjas]
E~ti
inca necasatorit?
Ace~ti
foarte
oameni sunt
religio~i.
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele noi:

Aceasta este
gradina imensa.
- This is an >enormous garden.
Este incredibil ca el este deja aici.
- It is >incredible that he is already here.
Ei au fost logoditi doar pentru

scurt timp.
- They have been >engaged for only

a short time.
Ea a spus ca vrea sa ramana necasatorita.
- She said that she wanted to stay >single
Sunt
religio~i ace~ti
- Are these people >rehgious?
oameni?
- Were you >happy?
Ai fost fericit?
Ati
reu~it
desigur, sa retineti cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:
incredibil
> mcredible
logodit
> engaged
necasatorit, celibatar
> single
enonn, uria~
> enormous
religios
> religious
fericit
> happy
Sa revenim la vorbirea indirecta:

1.
Propozi{ii condi!ionale
in cazul vorbirii indirecte In propozi!ia condi!ionald de tipull, timpul verbului se schimbii
conform regulii de concordan{ii a timpurilor (timpul prezent se schimba In timp trecut):
25
Peter said "If I have time I will

go to the cinema".
- Peter said that if he had time he would

go to the cinema.
in cazul propozifiilor condifionale de tipulII ~i III, timpul verbului rdmiine neschimbat, de

exemplu:
2.
John said "If I were you I would not

do it."
- John said that if he were me he would not

do it.
Mary said "If I had had the money earlier

I would have paid for the car."
- Mary said that if she had had the money

earlier she would have paid for the car.
Expresii dupd care Propozifia secundard trece la timpul Simple Past. in urmdtoarele expresii
se schimbd timpul verbului:
it is time
- it was time
I wish
- I wished
Timpul verbului din propozifiile secundare care urmeazd dupd aceste expresii, nu se schimbd.
latd doud exemple:
Peter said "I wish I had a house."
- Peter said he wished he had a house.
Mary said "It's time I went home."
- Mary said it was time she went home.
Pe baza regulilor enuntate anterior, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

John a spus ca daca s-ar fi insurat cu Mary,
atunci ar fi fost fericit.
- John said that If he had marned Mary

then he \\ollid have been happy.
Mary mi-a spus ca este timpul sa il parasesc.
- Mary told me that It
Peter a spus ca daca ar avea bani destui,

m-ar imprumuta ~i pe mine.
- Peter said that If he had enough money

he \\ould lend me some.
Joan a spus ca ar vrea sa fie mai bogata.
- Joan said she Wished she were richer.
W<lS
time I len hIm.
Mama mea a spus ca daca ar vrea sa mearga acolo, - My mother Said that if she wanted to go there
s-ar duce.
she would go
Sa invatam inca eateva verbe:

to marry
> [tu mEriJ
- a se casatori (cu), a se insura
to divorce
>[tLl divo:'s]
- a divorta
to attend
> l tu atcnd]
- a fi prezent, a frecventa
to believe
>[tu bIli.v]
- a crede
to swear
> [tu sU ea']
- ajura
Verbul "to swear" este neregulat. Formele sale sunt:

formal
forma a II-a
forma a III-a
swear> [SUe,I']
swore> f SuO"]
sworn >[s"o:'n]
26
~i
Cititi eu atentie dialogul urmator in care apar
verbele noi:
A:
Do you know that Joan is going to divorce her husband?
B:
Oh, no! I can't believe it! Are you sure?
A:
I swear it's true.
B:
But she married him a year ago!
A:
I know. I attended the wedding.
B:
This news is awful. I thought they were happy together.
Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Do you know that Joan
is going to divorce
her husband?
> [du ill: nOll O'Et djoun

1Z giiuin lgl tu divo:' s
ha:' halbimd]
Oh, no! I can't believe it!
> [ou nOll ai ka:nt hili:v it]
- Oh, nul Nu pot sa cred!
Are you sure?
> [a' Ill: )ua']
I swear it's true.
> [ai SUear lts trll:]
- Jur ca este adevarat.
But she married him

a year ago!
> [bat Zil. mErid him

a iia' agou]
- Dar s-a easatorit eu el acum

un an.
I know. I attended
the wedding.
> [al nou al iitendld

IYa uedm ,g )]
This news is awful.
> [D'lS nru:z
- Aceasta veste este groaznica.
I thought they were

happy together.
> [ill TSo:t D/ei U a :'

hEp! tageDZa']
IZ
0.f1]
~tii ca Joan
divorteaza de sotul ei?
E~ti
sigur?
~tiu. Am participat
la nunta.
- Am crezut ca erau
fericiti impreuna.
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza eu forma verbala corespunzatoare:

Poti sa juri ca este adevarat?
- Can you> swear that it is true?
Ei au erezut intotdeauna in Dumnezeu.
- They have always> believed in God.
Ciiti oameni au fost prezenti la nunta?
- How many people> attended the wedding?
Au divortat cu multi ani in urma.
- They have been > divorced for many years.
Cu cine te-ai casatorit?
- Whom have you> marned?
Pentru a retine verbele noi, traduceti in limba engleza:

a se casatori, a se insura sau a se marita
> 10 many
a crede
> to believe
a divorta
> to dlvorce
aJura
> to swear
a fi prezent/de fata la, a participa la
> to attend
27
lata doua cazuri in care se utilizeaza verbele auxihare could
~i
would.
lata ciiteva exemple:

Could you open the window?
- Ai putea deschide geamul?
Would you give me some tea?
(E~ti
atat de amabil) Poli sa-mi dai pUlin ceai?
Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza folosind aceste doua verbe auxiliare:
E~ti
> Would you buy me the tickets?
atat de amabil sa-mi cumperi biletele?
Ai putea sa te uili la scrisoarea mea?
> Could you look at my letter?
E~ti
> Would you lend me your books?
atat de amabil sa-mi imprumuli carlile tale?
Ai putea sa uili aceste cuvinte?
> Could you forget these words?
Vrei sa faci curat in camera?
> Would you clean your room?
In exerciliul urmator, vom recapitula materia acestei leclii. Daca nu intampinali dificultali, inseamna
ca puteli trece la partea a doua a lecliei 28. Traduceli in limba engleza:
Omul care a fost arestat,
nu a marturisit inca.
> The man they have arrested
L-ar fi condarnnat pe prizonier,

daca ar fi fost mai multe dovezi.
> They would have convicted the pnsoner
Celibatarul despre care a vorbit ea,

a fost una dintre rudele mele.
> The bachelor she talked about

was one of my relatIves.
In ziua nunlii a fost incredibil de cald.
> The weddIng-day was Incredibly hot.
has not confessed yet.
If there had been more eVidence.
"The wedding-day was incredibly hot."

28
Ea nu este acea femeie fericita

din ziua nuntii sale.
> She is not the happy woman

she was on her wedding-day.
Mirele 0 cuno~tea pe mireasa

de mult timp.
> The bridegroom has known the bride

for a very long tunc.
Au fost multe ceremonii saptamana aceasta.
> There have been many services this week.
EI de ce a jurat sa ramana celibatar?
> Why has he sworn to stay smgle?
Verighetele pe care ni Ie-au aratat,

erau revoltator de scumpe.
> The wedding-rings we were shown

were outrageously expensive.
Nu rna voi marita cu eL
> I am not going to marry him.
Ea este cea mai frumoasa mireasa

pe care am vazut-o vreodata.
> She is the most beautiful bride

I have ever seen.
Car\ile care se afla pe masa sunt ale tale.
> The books which are on the table are yours.
In incheiere, urmeaza obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie. Cititi cu atentie urmatoarele cuvinte:

[E]
[e]
[0:]
[ei]
happy
wedding
divorce
engaged
marriage
guest
com
outrageous
bachelor
relatives
enormous
rate
man
men
dawn
late
hat
when
sworn
gave
29
LECTIA
28 - PARTEA A nOVA
,
Aceasta parte a lectiei incepe cu un dialog. Fiti atenti la pronuntia cuvintelor ~i silabelor accentuate:
Barbara: Speaking about crime you know that people have always said that crime doesn't pay.
John:
But in some countries crime seems to be profitable because the criminals are not sufficiently
punished.
Barbara: I agree, and if a prisoner is convicted of a crime, he often doesn't have to go to prison for
a long time.
John:
How true it is. They say this is because the criminal didn't know what he was doing when
he commited the crime. Don't ask me how they know.
Barbara: And if a prisoner's behaviour is good he is released.

John:
I think the only thing we can do to change this situation is to punish the people who don't
want to punish the criminals.
Mary:
Of course there are happier things to talk about than crime, such as weddings.
Peter:
Yes, just tell me please who isn't happy himself when he sees other people happy on their
wedding-day.
Mary:
Even if you prefer to stay single you can imagine that this is a day they will never forget.
Peter:
We must hope that life will always bring us more to be happy about than to be sad about.
Urmeaza ultimul exercitiu de traducere al acestei lectii:

Ploua cand ne-am dus la postul de poIitie
ca sa anuntam spargerea.
> It was rainmg when we were going to tbe
In luna aceea au fost comise multe

crime brutale.
> Many brutal murders were committed
EI a spus ca nu se va simti in siguranta,

pana cand criminalul nu va fi arestat.
> He said that he would not feel safe
Daca a~ fi avut timp,

la ceremonie.
> If I had had tune I would have attended

the service.
a~
police-statIOn to report the burglary.
that month.
tIll the murderer was arrested.
fi fost prezent
Crima de care el a fost acuzat, a fost

una violenta.
> The crime he was accused of was

a violent one.
Omul care a fost eliberat a fost

evident nevinovat.
> 1 he man who was released was
obviously mnocent.
Anul in care recolta s-a distrus, a fost prea secetos. > The year our crop failed, was too dry.
EI nu este omul care era cand ne-am intalnit
prima data.
> lie is not the man he was when

we first met.
30
Crezi ca e vinovat?
> Do you lhll1k he
Nu vreau platesc amenda pentm ca

sunt nevinovat.
> I don't \\ ant to pay tht' fine because
$antajul este infraqiune profitabila.
> BlackmaIl is a \ ery prolitable crnne.
Acest avion este
gUIlty?
I am Il1l10cent.
uria~.
> rhls
L-am intrebat daca oamenii

intotdeauna amabili.
IS
religio~i
plane IS enOIIIlOllS.
> I asked him If I ellglou" people were

always gentle.
sunt
Ea a spus ca nu I-a vawt

de la divort.
> She saId she had not seen h1111

since the dIvorce.
A fura este 'impotriva legii.
>
Stealing
>
We ,Ire attendmg a \\ eddlng next week.
>
I WIsh I were a bachelor agam.
Saptamana viitoare participam la

A~
nunta.
vreau sa fiu din nou celibatar.
IS
agamsl the law.
do, dOll't release hun.
Grice faCl, nu-i da drumul.
> Whatever you
Aceasta poate fi folosita ca dovada.
> ThIS can be used as e\ Idence.
Cat de nevinovat parea
uciga~ul!
> 'low innocent the murderer looked!
E~ti sigur ca hotul se ascunde

prin imprejurimi?
> Are you sure the thief IS hichng

JIl the sUllOlIlldings')
31
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
28
,
28.1. Pronumele relative compuse aflate la Inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive pot fi omise
In anumite cazuri. Exemple:
The people (whom) I visited were
very nice to me.
- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat au fost

foarte draguti cu mine.
Don't lose the ticket (which)

he has given to you.
- Nu pierde biletul
pe care ti I-a dat.
Do you like the book (that)

you have read?
- Iti place cartea

pe care ai citit-o?
28.2. Vorbirea indirecta

28.2.1. Propozitia conditionala
In cazul folosirii vorbirii indirecte In propozitia conditionala de tipul I, timpul
verbulului se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor (din timpul prezent
trece la timpul trecut):
Peter said "lfI have time I will go
to the cinema".
- Peter said that if he had time he would go

to the cinema.
In cazul propozitiei conditionale de tipul II ~i III timpul verbului ramane neschimbat:

John said "IfI were you
I would not do it".
- John said that if he were me

he would not do it.
Mary said "If I had had the money - Mary said that if she had had the money
earlier I would have paid for the car".
earlier she would have paid for the car.
28.2.2. Timpul urmatoarelor expresii se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor:
it is time
- it was time
I wish
- I wished
In schimb in vorbirea indirecta timpul verbului din propozitia secundara, care urmeaza
dupa aceste expresii nu se schimba. De exemplu:
Peter said "I wish I had a house".
- Peter said he wished he had a house.
Mary said "It's time I went home".
- Mary said it was time she went home.
28.3. Folosirea verbelor auxiliare modale "could" ~i "would":

Could you open the window?
- Ai putea deschide geamul?
Would you give me some tea?
- Poti sa-mi dai putin ceai?
32
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 28

A
B.
C.
Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba romana:

I.
The man I met then was divorced.
2.
I said that if I were a teacher, I would teach English.
3.
The bride wished the service were shorter.
4.
Could you tell me )fthey are happy?
5.
He told me that ifhe had not bought the wedding-rings earlier, he would not have had
money then.
6.
I wanted to attend the wedding but I was late for the train.
Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba engleza:

1.
EI presupune ca este timpul sa incepi lucrul.
2.
Ai cina cu mine?
3.
Cine a spus ca daca a~ fi mai tanara, m-ar lua de nevasta?
4.
Casa pe care am vazut-o atunci era prea scumpa pentru mine.
5.
L-ai putea ruga pe mire sa aduca florile?
6.
Ea a spus ca vrea sa fie necasatorita.
Corecta1i
gre~elile
(E~ti
atat de amabil sa cinezi cu mine?)
din urmatoarele propozi1ii:
1.
The house has just been bought is large.
2.
Could they to swear it's true?
3.
He said it is time he leaves.
4.
She told me that if she divorces her husband she will be happy.
5.
Would you opened the window?
33
V()CABVLARUL LECTIILOR
27 SI
,
, 28
to a.'euse (ot)
> [tLi aklU:Z]
- a acuza, a invinui (de)
agal'1st
> [agenst]
- impotriva, (in) contra
to al resl
> [tLi arest]
- a aresta
to attend
> [tLi atend]
- a fi prezent/de faFi la, a participa
bacl1elol
>
- celibatar
behavi''lur
> [blhelvla r]
to belil'\ e
> [tLi bi!i:v]
- a crede (in)
to bewan: (of)
> [tublllea']
- a se feri, a se pazi (de)
blacl<mall
> [blEkmeiJ]
bride
> [braid]
- mireasa
brictegroom
> [braldgru:m]
- mire
brutal
> [bru:tl]
- brutal, violent
burglCl\
> [ba: rgla']
- spargator
burglary
> [ba:'glan]
- furt cu spargere
capit~1
> [kEpitl
punishment
[bEt~alar]
pani~mant]
~antaj
- pedeapsa capitaHi/cu moartea
to commit
> [Iu kamit]
- a comite
to conft'ss
> [Iu kanfes]
- a marturisi, a recunoa~te
to convict (of)
> [tLi kanvikt]
- a condamna, a declara vinovat

(pe cineva)
cnme
> [kraim]
- infractiune
criminal
> [krimml]
- criminal
death
> [del"]
- moarte
death sentence
> [del" sentiins]
decent
> [di:sant]
- decent
divorce
> [divo:rs]
- divort
to divorce
> [tu dlVO:rS]
- a divorta
engaged
> [mgeidjd]
- logodit
enormous
> [mo:'mas]
- enorm,
envious (of)
> [envlas]
- invidios (pe)
evidence
> [evldans]
- dovada, marturie
fine
> [fam]
to find out
> [tu fallld aut]
- a constata, a descoperi, a afla

34
uria~,
colosal
ginga~,
gentle
> [dJentl]
bland,
God, god
> [god]
DUlllnezeu, divinitate
guest
>
guilty
> [gilti]
- Vlllovat
happy
> [hEpi]
- fericit
incredible
> [inkredibal]
- incredibil
innocent
> [inasant]
- inocent, nevinovat
law
> [lo:J
- lege
to look
> [tu lukJ
- a privi, a arata cumva (bIDe
marriage
> [mEnd)]
- casatorie
to marry
> [tu mEnJ
- a se casatori, a se insura
murder
> [ma:'da']
- crima, omucidere
to murder
> [tu mao' da']
- a ucide, a omori
murderer
> [ma:'dara'j
- criminal, asasin,
obviously
> [obvlaslJ ]
- (in mod) evident
outrageous
> [autretdJas]
pickpocket
> [pikpokit]
- hot de buzunare
police
> [pali:s]
- politie
police-station
> [pali:s stel~n]
- post sau comisariat de politie
prisoner
> [prizana']
to prosecute
> [tu proslklll:t]
- a institui/a intenta (un) proces
to punish
> [tu
- a pedepsi
relatives
> [relati: vz]
- ruda, rude
to release
> [turili:s]
- a elibera, a pune in libertate,

a-i da drumul
relieved
> [rili:vd]
religious
> [rilidjas]
- religios
remorse
> [rimo:fs]
to report
> [tu npo:ft]
- a raporta, a anunta
to rob
> [tu rob]
- ajefui, a prada (de), a fura
robbery
> [robari]
- jaf, furt
sentence
> [sentans]
- sentinta
to sentence (to)
> [tu sentans]
- a condamna
[gest]
amabil
musafir, invitat
pani~]
35
l'll
uciga~
ru~inos, neru~int,
imoral
u~urat
remu~care,
mustrare de con~tiinta
service
> [sa:'vis]
shoplifter
>
single
> [sing!]
- necasatorit, celibatar
speeding
> [spi.um lg )]
- exces de viteza
sufficient
>
to swear
> [tll sUeaf]
- ajura
theft
> [T'efl]
- furt
thief, thieves
> [T'i:fJ[T'i:vz]
- hot, hoti
ticket
> [tikI!]

(de contraventie)
violent
> [vaialant]
- violent
wedding
> [Ucdm(g)]
- nunta, cununie
wedding-day
> [Uedm lg ) dei]
- ziua nuntii
wedding-ring
> [Uedm 1g ) rin 1gl ]
- verigheHi
whatever
> [Uoteva ' ]
- oricare, orice, indiferent de
whichever
>
[Uit~ev a ' ]
- oricare
whoever
> [hu:e\ a f]
- oncme
- serviciu, ceremonie
[~oplifta'J
- hot de magazine
[safi~<lI1t]
- suficient, indestuHHor
36

Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 27-28

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RECAPITULARE

Propozitia conditionala de tipul I se refera la viitor

indeplinirea conditiei este posibila:

- Daca voi avea bani, voi cumpara"

If I have money I will buy

- In locul tau nu l-a~ cumpara.

- Ea trebuie sa scrie scrisoarea.

Verbul auxiliar modal "modal" are doar 0 forma de prezent. La trecut

Pronumele relativ "that" se poate omite in urmatoarele situatii:

- Este eel mai bun film pe care I-am vazut.

b) Dupa urmatoarele cuvinte:

c) Dupa adjectivele "any"

Is there any information (that)

- Poti sa-mi dai vreo

Aceasta lectie este consacrata problemelor legislative. Cititi cu voce tare

> [bit: 'glafJ

> [bit: fglariJ

> [Pi:fl [Pi:vzJ

Exersati cuvintele noi

fiti atenti la pronuntie:

Cuvantul police este un substantiv colectiv, precedat intotdeauna de

lata cuvintele noi i'n propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare

urmariti traducerea lor i'n limba romana:

The law forbids some things.

Killing a person is a crime.

> [kiJ m(gl

A criminal does things that

> [a krimml daz T'm(glz rYEt

- Criminalul face lucruri care

You must pay the fine.

Pickpockets want to steal

> [pik]1oklts "ont III stl:l

- Hotii de buzunare vor sa-ti fure

A burglar enters your house

> l a ba" gla' cnta'z

- Spargatorul intra i'n casa ta

There are many burglaries

> [D'ea' a r melll bit:' glanz

There are more and

> [IYea' a r mo.' End

- Sunt din ce i'n ce

Theft is stealing other

- Furtul inseamna sustragerea

mast pel DZa fam

- A omori' 0 persoana este 0 crima.

- Sunt multe spargeri

"Shoplifters take things out of shops without paying for them."

Shoplifters take things

A prisoner has escaped.

> [a prizana' hEz Iskel pI]

- Hotii de magazine scot

Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Multi criminali nu sunt in inchisoare.

- > ThIeves can be dangerous.

Furtul de ma~ini este 0 infractiune serioasa?

- Is car >thefta serious >cnme?

Hotii de buzunare trebuie sa fie foarte rapizi.

- > PIckpockets have to be very fast.

- The> burglar broke a leg in our house.

rupt piciorul in casa noastra.

leri a avut loc un jaf in apropierea

- There was a > robbery near

Cand a avut loc spargerea aceea?

- When was that> burglary?