Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
3: Condensarea vaporilor
cp ⋅∆t r
Ja = şi Ku = [-]
r cp ⋅∆t
Condensarea vaporilor
1 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
Ipoteze: t p < ts
∂ρ ∂ρ ∂ρ
= = =0
∂x ∂y ∂z
ρ , c p , λ , ν , a ≠ f (t )
w y = wz = 0
2 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
Ecuaţia de continuitate:
∂ wx ∂ w y ∂ wx
+ =0 → =0
∂x ∂y ∂x
∂ wx 1 ∂p ∂2w ∂ 2 wx
wx ⋅ =− ⋅ +ν x + +g
∂x ρ ∂x ∂ x2 ∂ y 2
∂p
= ρv ⋅ g
∂x
1 d 2 wx ρv d 2 wx
0 = − ⋅ ρv ⋅ g +ν ⋅ +g → g ⋅ 1 − +ν ⋅ =0
ρ d y2 ρ d y2
Observaţie: Densitatea vaporilor este mult mai mică decât cea a fazei
lichide (condensului).
ρv
ρ v << ρ → ≅0
ρ
d 2 wx d 2 wx g d wx g
g +ν ⋅ =0 → =− → = − ⋅ y + C1
d y2 d y2 ν dy ν
g
wx = − ⋅ y 2 + C1 ⋅ y + C 2
2ν
la y = 0 → wx = 0
d wx
la y = δ x → wx = wmax ; =0
dy
3 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
wx y =0 = C 2 = 0 → C2 = 0
d wx g g ⋅δ x
= − ⋅ δ x + C1 = 0 → C1 =
d y y =δ ν ν
x
g g ⋅δ x g ⋅δ x2 2 ⋅ y y2
wx = − ⋅ y 2 + ⋅y → wx = ⋅ −
2ν ν 2ν δx δ 2
x
g ⋅δ x2
wmax = wx y =δ =
x 2ν
1 δx 1 δ x g ⋅δ x 2 2y y2
g ⋅δ x2
wmed = ⋅ ∫ wx ⋅ dy = ⋅ ∫ − ⋅ dy =
δx 0 δ x 0 2ν δ x δ 2 3ν
x
2
wmed = ⋅ wmax
3
4 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
( )
q& x = α x ⋅ t s − t p =
λ
δx
(
⋅ ts − t p ) → αx =
λ
δx
d m& ⋅ r =
λ
δx
( )
⋅ ts − t p ⋅ b ⋅ d x
g ⋅δ x2 ρ ⋅ g ⋅b
m& = ρ ⋅ ⋅ b ⋅δ x = ⋅δ x3
3ν 3ν
ρ ⋅ g ⋅b
d m& = ⋅δ x2 ⋅ d δ x
ν
ρ ⋅ g ⋅b
ν
⋅δ x2 ⋅ d δ x ⋅ r =
λ
δx
( )
⋅ ts − t p ⋅ b ⋅ d x
3
δx ⋅d δx =
(
λ ⋅ν ⋅ t s − t p
⋅d x
) → =
(
δ x 4 λ ⋅ν ⋅ t s − t p
⋅ x + C1
)
ρ ⋅ g ⋅r 4 ρ ⋅ g ⋅r
5 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
δx =4 (
4 λ ⋅ν ⋅ t s − t p )
⋅ x + C1 →
4 λ ⋅ν ⋅ t s − t p
δ x =
(
⋅ x + C1
) 0 ,25
ρ ⋅ g ⋅r ρ ⋅ g ⋅r
la x = 0 → δ x = 0
δ x x =0 = C10 ,25 = 0 → C1 = 0
(
4 λ ⋅ν ⋅ t s − t p
δ x =
)
⋅ x
0 ,25
ρ ⋅ g ⋅r
0 ,25 0 ,25
λ ρ ⋅ g ⋅r ρ ⋅ g ⋅ r ⋅ λ3
αx = = λ ⋅ = = C ⋅ x −0 ,25
δx (
4 λ ⋅ν ⋅ t s − t p ⋅ x ) (
4ν ⋅ t s − t p ⋅ x
)
1 h C h C 4 4C −0 ,25
α= ⋅ ∫ α x ⋅ d x = ⋅ ∫ x −0 ,25 ⋅ d x = ⋅ ⋅ h 0 ,75 = ⋅h
h 0 h 0 h 3 3
0 ,25
ρ ⋅ g ⋅ r ⋅ λ3
α = 0 ,943 ⋅
(
ν ⋅ h ⋅ ts − t p )
6 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
ε ϕ = (sinϕ )0 ,25
7 Ghiaus A.-G.
Transferul de căldură - Curs Cap. 3: Condensarea vaporilor
t p + ts
t ref =
2
n
∑ Nui
λ λ
α = Nu ⋅ = 1 ⋅ [W/m2·K]
lc n lc
lc = d e
t p + ts
t ref =
2
Fig. 3.35: Coeficientul ε i pentru aşezarea
în linie (a), decalat (b) şi Ginabat (c)
8 Ghiaus A.-G.