TEMA 16 TIMPUL GEOLOGIC

TIMPUL GEOLOGIC
Istoria geologica a Pamantului
PLAN- GHID pe baza caruia se va realiza proiectul

http://doru.juravle.com/cursuri/resurse/cursuri_2010-2011/ggp/01.%20GEOLOGIE%20
GENERALA%20-%20PREZENTARE%2001%20-%20Notiuni%20introductive.pdf
http://palaeos.com/
http://sci.waikato.ac.nz/evolution/EvolutionOfLife.shtml
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/link/hist_nf.html

EVOLUTIA PALEOGEOGRAFICA
A TERREI
http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~leeman/aNR.htm
l

EVOLUTIA VIETII PE TERRA

http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~leeman/aNR.html

 1. GEOCRONOLOGIE
Geocronologia este o ramura a stratigrafie care se
ocupa cu datarea (stabilirea vrstei) depozitelor
geologice si ierarhizarea cronologica a acestora,
rezultnd unitai geocronologice (de timp), concretizate n
unitai cronostratigrafice.
Datarea se poate face
relativ, aplicndu-se corelarile pornind de la principiul superpoziei
geometrice a stratelor si evoluiei organismelor biologice
n mod absolut, folosindu-se metode radiometrice.

Unitati geocronologice: EON, ERA, PERIOADA, EPOCA,

VARSTA, CRON

 DATAREA PRIN METODE

RADIOMETRICE
Vrste absolute

TIMPUL GEOLOGIC
Eon

Era

Perioada

inceput - sfarsit
(mil.ani)

Cenozoic Era:
CZ

Neogen N

23.0 -

Paleogen E

65.5 - 23.0

Cretacic K

146 - 65.5

Jurasic J

200 - 146

Triasic T

251 - 200

Permian P

299 - 251

Carbonifer C

359 - 299

Devonian D

416 - 359

Silurian S

444 - 416

Ordovician O

488 - 444

Cambrian

542 - 488

Mesozoic Era:
MZ
Phanerozoic Eon: PH
Paleozoic Era:
PZ

Precambrian: Prc

Proterozoic PR

2500 - 542

Arhaic AR

3850 - 2500

Hadean HA

c. 4500 - 3850

Chaotian CH

c. 4600-4500

Istoria
geologica
a Pamantului

 I EONUL PRECAMBRIAN
II. EONUL FANEROZOIC

I. EONUL PRECAMBRIAN -CARACTERIZARE

1. ARHAIC (The Archean Eon :http://palaeos.com/

http://palaeos.com/archean/index.html )

EON

Proterozoi
c

http://palaeos.com/timescale/precambrian.htm

ERA

Paleoproterozo
ic

SPAN (Mya)

2500 - 2300
mya

Notes and Events

More or less conventional plate tectonics

Neoarchean

2800 - 2500
mya

First large continental shields

Mesoarchea
n

3200 - 2800
mya

First widely-accepted fossil evidence of life. First banded iron formations.

Paleoarchea
n

3600 - 3200
mya

First stromatolites? Formation of relatively stable crust units (possibly even earlier ,
but see generally negative review .

Eoarchean

~3800 - 3600
mya

Debatable geochemical evidence for life (no longer widely accepted)

Archean

Hadean

Early Imbrian

3850 - 3800
mya

Late heavy bombardment of Earth-moon system.

2. PROTEROZOIC- CARACTERIZARE http://

palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm
http://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm

1 Geografia Proterozoicului
http://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm

2 Viata in Proterozoic
http://palaeos.com/proterozoic/proterozoic.htm

II. EONUL FANEROZOIC

eon

era
3 Neozoic
(Cenozoic)
2 Mezozoic

Fanerozoic

1 Paleozoic

A inceput acum
(mil ani)

Durata (mil ani)

Neogen

23.0

23.0

Paleogen

65.5

42.5

Cretacic

146

80.5

Jurasic

200

54

Triasic

251

51

Permian

299

48

Carbonifer

359

60

Devonian

416

57

Silurian

444

28

Ordovician

488

44

Cambrian

542

54

perioada

II EONUL FANEROZOIC
http://palaeos.com/timescale/phanerozoic.htm#Paleozoic
Erele: Paleozoic, Mezozoic, Neozoic

ERA PALEOZOIC -CARACTERIZARE

Geografia Paleozoicului (imagini, harti)

Viata in Paleozoic (desene)

Of the three main eras that make up the Phanerozoic, the Paleozoic is the longest and most
diverse, spanning the period from very early multicellular life that only inhabited the oceans
to quite advanced tetrapods* and reptiles and extensive forests on land.
Early Paleozoic: Age of Invertebrates
Coelomate radiation (Cambrian explosion) - origin of major groups of organisms; nervous
system, behavior patterns and simple consciousness (the nascent Noosphere); continents
drift apart.

Middle Paleozoic: Age of Fish

Tropical conditions. Extinction of many "experimental" animal groups; diversification of
surviving invertebrate groups, rise of vertebrates (fish). Life moves on land (rhyniophytes,
lycophytes, uniramous arthropods, proto-amphibians).

Late Paleozoic: Age of Tetrapods* and Reptiles

Ice age. Coal forests of giant lycopsids, calamites, pteridophytes and ferns cover the
tropical landmasses. Southern landmass of Gondwanaland buried under glaciers;
continents drift together. Reptiles conquer the land

 ERA MEZOZOIC CARACTERIZARE DESCRIERE

imagini, harti
Geografia Mezozoicului
Viata in Mezozoic(desene)
The Mesozoic has been called the "age of reptiles", but "age of dinosaurs" would
be more appropriate. There is still controversy over whether dinosaurs really
were stupid sluggish ectotherms ("reptiles") or active high-metabolism
(endotherm) creatures more like birds. Even if we define them as "reptiles" the
age of reptiles as such begins in the Permian period of the Paleozoic era anyway.
Tropical (Greenhouse) Conditions. Pangaea continues during the early Triassic;
then landmasses begin to drift apart. Shallow oceans cover much of the
continents, breaking the land into large islands. Mammals remain small,
possibly nocturnal. Most modern groups of organisms appear. Vertebrate
animals (mammals, birds, theropod dinosaurs) develop larger brains then their
earlier reptilian ancestors.