Pronumele personal in engleza

Cum se identifica
Pronumele personal face referire la o persoana care face actiunea (cazul A) sau asupra careia se rasfrange actiunea (cazul B). Exemple
I will go to the sea. (cazul A) Tom will tell me something. (cazul B) This idea belongs to him. (cazul B) We will go shopping. (cazul A) I know them. ( "I" = cazul A, "them" = cazul B )

Exercitii
Completati cu pronumele personale potrivite in spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos:
tell again the story.

(Iti voi spune tie din nou povestea.)

What can

do in a case like this ?

(Ce poti sa faci tu intr-un caz ca acesta ?)

(Ei nu pot face asta.)

cannot do this.

Trust

(Ai incredere in mine.)

These resources can help to finish your job in time.

(Aceste resurse te pot ajuta sa termini treaba ta la timp.)

Pronumele posesiv in engleza

Cum se identifica
Aceste tipuri de pronume se folosesc in propozitii in care se doreste identificarea unui obiect prin referirea la posesor. Formele pronumelui posesiv sunt:
Pronume personal I you (singular) you (plural) he she it we they Pronume posesiv mine (al meu) yours (al tau) yours (al vostru) his (al lui) hers (a ei) its - is, however, rarely used ours (ale noastre) theirs (al lor)

Exemple
John has a red car. Mine is green.
That is your book. This is hers. That computer is his. This book is not mine. This book is yours.

Comentarii

Cand relatia de posesie e aratata impreuna cu obiectul posedat, aveam de-a face cu un adjectiv posesiv.

Exercitii
Completati cu pronumele posesive adecvate spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos:
That is her car and this is .

(Aceia e masina ei si aceasta este a mea.)

This telephone number is

(Acest numar de telefon este al vostru.)

My book is big.

(Cartea mea e mare. A ta e mica.)

is small.

Is that his house? No, it's

(Este aceea casa lui? Nu, e a ei.)

Tom has a little office.

is big.

(Tom are un birou mic. Al nostru e mare.)

Cum se identifica

Pronumele reflexiv si de intarire in engleza

Aceste tipuri de pronume se folosesc in propozitii in care referirea la subiect se face de 2 ori. (A doua oara se foloseste acest pronume reflexiv si/sau de intarire). Formele pronumelui reflexiv (si/sau de intarire) sunt:
Pronume personal I you (singular) you (plural) he she it we they Pronume reflexiv/ de intarire myself yourself yourselves himself herself itself ourselves themselves

Exemple
I hurt myself. (M-am ranit singur.) I'll do it myself. (O voi face eu.) She did it by herself. (Ea a facut-o singura.) He did it by himself. (El a facut-o singur.)

Comentarii
Pronumele de intarire (reflexiv) se foloseste de regula in 3 cazuri: Cand subiectul si obiectul asupra caruia se rasfrange actiunea e acelasi (I hurt myself. ); Cand se doreste intarirea faptului ca un anume subiect a facut actiunea si nu altul (She did it by herself.); Se foloseste o prepozitie in fata unui pronume care face referire la subiect (I am talking to myself.).

Exercitii

Completati cu pronumele reflexiv (de intarire) adecvat in spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos:
She looked at in the mirror.

(Ea a privit la ea insasi in oglinda.)

John hurt

while he was fixing his boat.

(John s-a ranit pe el insusi in timp ce-si repara barca sa.)

There's a nice bird washing

(Iata o pasare frumoasa spalandu-se in apa).

in the water.

I did it They believe in

. .

(Am facut-o singur.) (Ei cred in ei.)

Pronumele impersonal in engleza

Cum se identifica
Este un pronume care nu face referire la cineva anume. Afirmatiile/ negatiile/ intrebarile sunt facute la modul general. Exemple You can't always do what you want. People can't always do what they want. We can't always do what we want. One can't always do what one wants. Comentarii
Cel mai folosit pronume impersonal este "one". Cu aceeasi semnificatie se mai foloseste: you, we, people.

Pentru a avea forma impersonala verbul folosit cu "one" este la pers. a 3-a singular: one says = se zice, one tells = se povesteste, one learns = se invata, one sings = se canta, etc.

Exercitii

Completati cu pronumele impersonal in spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos: can't always do what one wants. (Nu se poate ca mereu sa faci ce doresti)
At this university learns very well.

(La aceasta universitate se invata foarte bine)

says that the king was born in this town.

(Se zice ca regele s-a nascut in acest oras.) can't always do what we want. Nu se poate ca mereu sa faci ce doresti)

Pronumele interogativ in engleza

Cum se identifica
Pronumele interogativ este un pronume folosit in constructiile interogative (Atentie: pronumele este partea de vorbire flexibila care tine locul unui substantiv). Principalele pronume interogative din limba engleza sunt:
Cazul N Ac D G Referire se face la o persoana who ? = care, cine ? whom ? = pe care ? to whom = caruia, careia ? whose ? = al, a, ale, (...) careia, caruia, (...) ? Referire se face la un lucru, actiune which ? = care ? which ? = care, pe care ? to which ? = caruia, careia ? whose ? = al, a, ale, (...) careia, caruia, (...) ?

Exemple
Which car are we talking about ? Who is this girl ?

Comentarii

What did you say?

Cand pronumele interogative sunt in cazul nominativ, auxiliarul verbului "to do" nu se foloseste

Tot pronume interogative sunt considerate si: How much - pentru cantitati How many - pentru numar

What kind - pentru calitati, etc. Ex: How many did you buy? What kind of skirts does she wear?

Exercitii Completati cu pronumele intorogativ adecvat spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos:
said that ?

(Cine a zis asta ?)

is her phone number ?

(Care e numarul ei de telefon ?)

time is it ?

(Cat e ceasul ?)

has been sitting in my chair ?

(Cine a stat pe scaunul meu ?) (Ce a zis el ?)

did he say ?

Pronumele nehotarat in engleza

Cum se identifica
Un pronume nehotarat face referire la ceva ce nu e definit, specific sau exact. Pronumele nehotarate cele mai utilizate sunt: any, all, anybody, anyone, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, some, somebody, someone.

Exemple
All are welcome to attend the course. Do you have some ? No, I don't have any. Somebody will take the pie. Has anybody seen that movie ? Some get it and some just refuse to open their eyes !

Comentarii

Pronume nehotarat

Traducere toti unii

Variante

Traducere

all some

someone somebody something somewhere anyone anybody anything anywhere everyone everybody everything everywhere

cineva cineva ceva undeva cineva cineva ceva undeva fiecare toata lumea totul peste tot

any

oricare

every each

fiecare fiecare (in parte)

Formele lui "some" se folosesc la afirmativ, iar formele lui "any" la negativ si interogativ.

Any poate fi folosit si in propozitiile afirmative atunci cand are sensul de oricare, orice: Ex: Any of you could answer this question. Mai exista un pronume nehotarat, cu forma afirmativa si una negativa: Either (afirmativ) = fiecare Neither (negativ) = niciunul Ex: Have you seen either of them? L-ai vazut pe vreunul dintre ei (doi)? In propozitiile afirmative, either are sensul de oricine, oricare: Ex: Either of you can do it. Oricare dintre voi (doi) poate face acest lucru.

Exercitii
Completati cu pronumele nehotarat in spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos.: Has seen that movie ? (A vazut cineva acel film ?)
Yes, has seen it.

(Da, cineva l-a vazut.)

No, has seen it.

(Nu, nimeni nu l-a vazut.)

Is there

(E cineva inauntru ?)
can do it.

inside?

(Oricine o poate face.)

can do it.

(Nimeni nu o poate face.)

of the members has been voted.

(Fiecare dintre membrii a fost votat.)

Cum se identifica

Pronumele relativ in engleza

Pronumele relativ se refera la un substantiv mentionat anterior, caruia ii adauga informatii suplimentare. Principalele pronume relative din limba engleza sunt:
Cazul N Ac D G Referire se face la o persoana who = care, cine whom = pe care to whom = caruia, careia Referire se face la un lucru, actiune which = care which = care, pe care to which = caruia, careia

whose = al, a, ale, (...) careia, caruia, whose = al, a, ale, (...) careia, caruia, (...) (...)

who, whom, to whom, whose which, which, to which, whose

Exemple
I'm talking about the car which is parked over there. I talked to the girl whose car is red. This is the girl who comes from Halifax. I wrote this book for people who like history. I have written a lot about this place to which we belong.

Comentarii
1) Pronumele relativ in Ac. poate fi inlocuit cu that.

2) Pronumele relative who, which, that se omit in propozitiile restrictive (in limba vorbita) cand se gasesc in cazul acuzativ. Ex: The girl (who) you have just met is my niece. The magazine (that) you lent me is very interesting.

Exercitii Completati cu pronumele relativ in spatiile libere din propozitiile de mai jos:
I specify the sites

(Specific site-urile la care utilizatorii se pot conecta.)

users can login.

This command shows

ports the processes are listening to.

(Aceasta comanda afiseaza la ce porturi asculata procesele.) Nota: -> Aceasta propozitie e din domeniul IT.
The girl sings this song is none other than Mary Brown. (Fata care canta acest cantec nu este alta decat Mary Brown.) Tom, the boy

(Tom, baiatul care a scris aceasta povestire are 15 ani.)

wrote this story is 15 years old.

How do I view the jobs

I've submitted my resume ?

(Cum pot sa vad joburile pentru care am trimis CV-ul ?)

George,

(George, care locuieste la usa alaturata este un baiat bun.)

I know the woman kids study in this class.

lives next door, is a good boy.

(Cunosc femeia a carei copii studiaza in aceasta clasa.)

This is the issue

(Asta e problema a carei solutie o cer.)

solution I require.

The book

is on the table is a very old one.

(Cartea care e pe masa e foarte veche.)

Use the correct personal pronouns. Watch the words in brackets.

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9)

is dreaming. (George) is green. (the blackboard) are on the wall. (the posters) is running. (the dog) are watching TV. (my mother and I) are in the garden. (the flowers) is riding his bike. (Tom) is from Bristol. (Victoria) has got a brother. (Diana) got a computer, Mandy?

10) Have

Choose the correct personal pronoun. 1) am sitting on the sofa. 2) are watching TV. 3) Are from England? 4) is going home. 5) are playing football. 6) is a wonderful day today. 7) are speaking English. 8) Is Kevin's sister? 9) are swimming in the pool. 10) they in the cinema Which bject form of the personal pronoun can substitute the underlined phrase in the sentence?

1) The teacher always gives the students homework. me them you 2) I am reading the book to my little sister. her us him 3) The boys are riding their bikes.

it them her 4) My father is writing a letter to John. me her him 5) I don't know the answer. she her it 6) Sally is going to Anne. her him me 7) Open the window, please. it them us 8) Can you tell the people the way to the airport, please? you them us 9) The books are for Peter. him her you 10) Can you help my sister and me, please? her me us

Choose the correct possessive determiners. T

Hi Daniel, _____name is John. This is____ friend Jason. He's 12. ____sister is nine. They have got a pet. ____pet is a budgie. ____name is Charlie. Jason and I go to the same school. There are 450 boys and girls in ____school. Jason's form teacher is Mrs. Peterson. She has got a pet, too. ____pet is a tortoise. Our form teacher is Mr. Smith. I like_____ lessons. He has two dogs. The dogs love to play in ____garden. Now I have a question for you. What's____ pet? Yours, John Choose the correct reflexive pronouns from the dropdown menu. myself - yourself - himself - herself - itself - ourselves - yourselves - themselves

1) Robert made this T-shirt ______. 2) Lisa did the homework_________ 3) We helped to some cola at the party_______. 4) Emma, did you take the photo by ?________ 5) I wrote this poem _________. 6) He cut with the knife while he was doing the dishes__________. 7) The lion can defend________ . 8) My mother often talks to ________. 9) Tim and Gerry, if you want more milk, help ________. 10) Alice and Doris collected the stickers________ Decide whether you need the reflexive (self) pronoun or not. 1) Last Monday I got up at six, then I _____________(washed). 2) She really well today______________.(feel) 3) Let's at six tomorrow_______________.(meet) 4) Last weekend Alex cooked dinner and________________ .(burnt) 5) May I_____________ .(introduced) 6) You can on the sofa if you wish___________________.(sit) 7) Please while doing your homework______________. 8) I was so shocked, I could hardly_______________ . 9) He often the trip to China_______________________. 10) We can't living without electricity________________. . Choose one of the following relative pronouns who, which or whose from the dropdown menu.

1) I talked to the girl ________car had broken down in front of the shop. 2) Mr Richards, ____________is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.

3) We often visit our aunt in Norwich ______________is in East Anglia. 4) This is the girl ________comes from Spain. 5) That's Peter, the boy___________ has just arrived at the airport. 6) Thank you very much for your e-mail _________was very interesting. 7) The man, ________father is a professor, forgot his umbrella. 8) The children, _____________shouted in the street, are not from our school. 9) The car, ________driver is a young man, is from Ireland. 10) What did you do with the money _________________your mother lent you? Put in the relative who, which or whose where necessary. Type an x if the relative pronoun can be left out. 1) This is the boy 2) Yesterday I saw a car 3) Mandy is the girl 4) I haven't seen Frank, 5) The robber stole the car 6) This is the man 7) Can I talk to the girl 8) The book had an accident. was really old. I met on Friday. brother is five, for a long time now. the lady parked in front of the supermarket.

house is on fire. is sitting on the bench?

you gave me is great. are hot.

9) She likes hamburgers 10) Bill Clinton,

was President of the USA, has only one daughter.

Choose the correct pronouns. myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves or each other.

1) Sandra and Angela haven't met___________ for a long time. 2) My friends enjoyed ___________very much at the concert. 3) Tim repaired his car______________ . 4) We helped________ with our report. 5) People often give ____________presents at Christmas. 6) I bought _____________a new camera. 7) Chris, did you do the Maths homework _______________?

8) They looked at ____________and smiled. 9) Ron and Tom often write e-mails to__________ because they're good friends. 10) Ann only thinks of______________ . She's an egoist.

Write the correct reflexive pronoun into the gap. Choose from the following pronouns: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves or each other

1) Mike and Bill know 2) Sue and Lisa haven't seen

quite well. for ages. . . ? .

3) Peggy and Jane made this delicious cake 4) Grandpa constructed this desk 5) Can we sell the things we made 6) The little girl can already ride the tricycle 7) Laura and Betty are helping 8) Some people only think of .

with their homework.

9) John and his girlfriend are still angry. They're not talking to 10) Does the laptop switch off automatically?

Choose the correct relative pronouns and write them into the gaps:

1) I can carry this heavy box 2) Marcus cut 3) I have been teaching 4) Has Yvonne hurt 5) Patrick and Stephen, help 6) The Pope 7) Don't burn ?

while he was preparing supper. Russian for five years.

to some tea, please.

visited our church. ! The oven is terribly hot.

8) "Claire, who wrote the theatre programme for your school?" - Claire: "I wrote it

." 9) We're sorry, we don't know the way to the castle 10) Are Doreen and George married to . .