Substantivul

(The Noun)
Cuvinte cheie: substantive substantivul

Definitie-Denumeste obiecte in sens foarte larg, adica lucruri, fiinte, fenomene (chair,
men, snow, tree)
Are categoriile gramaticale de: gen, numar si caz
Poate indeplini in propozitie functiile de: SUBIECT, ATRIBUT, NUME
PREDICATIV, COMPLEMENT, ELEMENT PREDICATIV SUPLIMENTAR sau
poate fii echivalentul unei propozitii sau fraze

Denumeste obiecte in sens foarte larg, adica lucruri, fiinte, fenomene (chair, men, snow,
tree)
substantiv subiect atribut

Clasificare-In engleza substantivele sunt clasificate din mai multe puncte de vedere
Din punct de vedere al formarii:

• simple: day, food, sping

• prin derivare cu sufixe sau prefixe: childhood, dislike

• compuse: classroom

• prin conversie:

• verbe: cook, fall, reading

• adjective: the good and the evil

• prin constrangere: gym (gynnastics), lab (laboratory), etc

• abrevieri: Dr (doctor), Miss Knight (domnisoara Knight), etc

Din punct de vedere al individualizarii:

• comune: denumesc un element dintr-o categorie de obiecte de acelasi tip

• day, food, sping, table, wood, peace, love

• proprii: individualizeaza un obiect dintr-o anume categorie

 • London, Bucharest, Romania, January, Continental Hotel, The Times
Numele proprii in engleza se scriu cu litere mari, inclusiv numele lunilor si zilelor din
saptamana, titlurile si numele nationalitatilor (cu exceptia prepozitiilor, articolelor si
conjunctiilor)

In engleza substantivele sunt clasificate din mai multe puncte de vedere

substantive clasificare simple compuse comune proprii

Numarul-Numarul este categoria gramaticala prin care se specifica ideea de plural.

In engleza pluralul se formeaza prin adaugarea desinentei -s.
Exista doua categorii de substantive:

• numarabile denumesc elemente ce pot fi numarabile

• child - children

• a lot of apples, one book, three books

La singular se acorda cuverbe la singular, iar la plural se acorda cu verbe la plural
The book is on the shelf. The children are in the classroom.

• nenumarabile denumesc notiuni vazute ca u intreg

• tea, information, scissors, beauty

Numarul este categoria gramaticala prin care se specifica ideea de plural.

numarul numarabile nenumarabile

Genul-Se refera la caracteristica cuvintelor care indica numele obiectelor. In lumea

inconjuratoare exista fiinte (feminine sau masculine) si lucruri (neutru).
Substantivele in limba engleza se impart in trei grupe dupa aparteneta la gen:

• nume de persoane

• nume de animale

• nume de lucruri
Numele de persoane de sex masculin in engleza sunt de gen masculin, iar cele de sex
feminin sunt de gen feminin
 • father-mother, brother-sister, actor-actress, widow-widower, bride-bridegroom
Numele de animale mari sunt de obicei de sex masculin, iar cele de animale mici de sex
neutru, dar se pot face diferente de sex prin forme diferite

• ox: bull-cow, horse: stalion-mare, frog, cock-hen

Numele de obiecte sunt de gen neutru

• masculine: anger, fear,ocean, the Danube

• feminine: affection, hope, revenge

• neutre: baby, infant, child

Se refera la caracteristica cuvintelor care indica numele obiectelor. In lumea

inconjuratoare exista fiinte (feminine sau masculine) si lucruri (neutru).
gen masculin feminin neutru

Cazul-cIndica raporturile dintre obiecte si actiuni

Nominativ
Acuzativ
Dativ
Genitiv

Verbul
(The Verb)
Cuvinte cheie: verbul

Definitie-Verbul este partea de vorbire care exprima actiuni, procese si stari.

• are caregorii gramaticale de persoana si numar comune cu alte parti de vorbire si
categoriile specifice de timp, mod, aspect si deateza;

• indeplineste functia sintactica de predicat

Verbul este partea de vorbire care exprima actiuni, procese si stari.

verbul the verb predicat

Timpul-Categoria gramatica de timp (tense) este specifica verbelor si se refera la

ordinea evenimentelor asa cum e perceputa de vorbitor.
Clasificare:

• Prezent (au loc in momentului vorbirii - now)

• anterioare: Present Perfect

• simultane: Present

• posterioare: Future

• Trecut (au loc la un moment anterior vorbirii - then)

• anterioare: Past Perfect

• simultane: Past Tense

• posterioare: Future in the Past

• Viitor (au loc dupa momentul vorbirii )

• anterioare: Future Perfect

• simultane: Future

• posterioare: nu exista marca pentru aceste evenimente

In analiza timpului trebuie luate in consideratie trei elemente: momentul vorbirii (now),
momentul actiunii(now, then, tomorrow), momentul de referinta.
Axa timpului:

• pe axa prezentului: Present, Present Perfect, Future

• pe axa trecutului: Past Perfect, Past Tense, Future in the Past

• pe axa viitorului: Future Perfect

Categoria gramatica de timp (tense) este specifica verbelor si se refera la ordinea

evenimentelor asa cum e perceputa de vorbitor.
timp verb present past future

Prezentul Simplu-Prezentul Simplu (Present Tense Simple) prezinta o actiune care

are loc in momentului vorbirii - now.
Prezentul Simplu in engleza se formeaza folosind infinitivul verbului (fara to),
adaugandu-se doar la persoana a III-a singular terminatia -(e)s.
Terminatia -(e)s se pronunta:

• s dupa consoane surde: he thinks

• z dupa vocale si consoane sonore: he runs, he studies

• sau iz: he washes

Terminatia -es se foloseste cand verbul se termina in s,x,z,sh,ch,tch sau o: he watches, he
goes.
Verbele terminate in -y precedat de o consoana schimba y in i si se adauga -es: he tries.

Afirmativ:
to drive to be
I drive I am (I'm)
You drive You are
He/she drives He/she/it is
We drive We are
You drive You are
They drive They are

Negativ: se foloseste do not (don't) sau does not (doesn't) pentru persoana a III-a
singular.
to drive to be
I am (I'm)
I do not (don't) drive
not
You do not (don't) drive You are not (aren't)
He/she does not (doesn't) drive He/she/it is not (isn't)
We do not (don't) drive We are not (aren't)
You do not (don't) drive You are not (aren't)
They do not (don't) drive They are not (aren't)
Interogativ: se foloseste auxiliarul do sau does (la persoana a III-a singular) urmat de
verb. Se conjuga numai auxiliarul.
to drive to be
Do I drive? Am I?
Do you drive? Are you?
Does he/she drives? Is he/she/it?
Do we drive? Are we?
Do you drive? Are you?
Do they drive? Are they?

Folosire:
Prezentul simplu este folosit pentru actiuni obisnuite, repetate fixate prin adverbe
sau locutiuni adverbiale ca: every day, usually, rarely, sometimes, once a week,
often etc.
I usualy watch TV.
We play tennis every day.
Prezentul exprima actiuni generale care au loc intr-un moment nespecificat, dar care
include si momentul vorbirii. Adverbele folosite sunt: always, never, ever.
Sun shine.
Birds fly.
Wood always floats in the water.
Prezentul se refera la actiuni care se petrec in momentul vorbirii sau care au loc
pentru o perioada limitata in prezent, comentarii, demonstratii, exclamatii
Look! It's raining!
What are you reading these days?
Prezentul poate avea valoare de viitor pentru

• exprimarea datei: Tomorrow is Sunday.

• actiunilor planificate, aranjamente de viitor folosite cu verbe de miscare

(go, came, leave) sau verbe ca begin, start, finish: He leave Cluj at ten.
The bus for Bucharest lives at 12.15 on Monday.

• subordonate de timp (introduse de after, before) sau conditionale

(introduse de if, in case): If it rains I'll stay home.
Prezentul cu valoare de trecut se foloseste in povestiri ( One day the girl goes to the
woods), sau cu verbele tell, learn, write (She tells me that they won. )
Prezentul Simplu (Present Tense Simple) prezinta o actiune care are loc in momentului
vorbirii - now.
prezent simplu infinitiv simple present infinitive

Prezentul Continuu-Prezentul Continuu (Present Continuous Tense) este folosit

pentru a exprima o actiune viitoare care a fost planificata in momentul prezentului.
Se formeaza din verbul to be la prezent si participiu prezent (forma -ing) a verbului de
conjugat.
Afirmativ:
I am (I'm) playing football
You are (you're) playing football
He is (he's) playing tennnis
She is (she's) playing tennnis
We are playing football
You are playing football
They are playing football

Negativ:
I am not (I'm not) playing football
You are not (aren't) playing football
He is not (isn't) playing tennnis
She is not(isn't) playing tennnis
We are not playing football
You are not playing football
They are not playing football
Interogativ:
Am I playing football?
Are you playing football?
Is he playing football?
Is she playing football?
Are we playing football?
Are you playing football?
Are they playing football?

Formarea participiului:

• -y final se pastreaza, chiar daca e precedat de consoana sau vocala: (study)

studying, (play) playing
In engleza britanica -l final se dubleaza, dar incea americana numai daca accentul
cade pe ultima silaba

• -ie final se transforma in -y: (die) dying, (lie) lying

 • -e final se pierde: (have) having
exceptii: (see) seeing, (be) being

• consoana finala se dubleaza daca vocala precedenta e scurta si accentuata: (stop)

stopping

Prezentul Continuu (Present Continuous Tense) este folosit pentru a exprima o

actiune viitoare care a fost planificata in momentul prezentului.
prezent continuu present continuous to be

Concordanta timpurilor (The Sequence of Tenses)-Este acordul obligatoriu

al timpului verbului din subordonata cu timpul verbului din regenta sa. In limba engleza
timpul verbului din subordonata trebuie sa se subordoneze timpului verbului din regenta.
Cu alte cuvinte timpurile verbelor din regente dicteaza folosirea anumitor timpuri in
subordonatele lor.
Exista in acest sens trei reguli de cunoscut si aplicat.
Regula I: Daca in regenta verbul este la Present Tense sau Present Perfect Tense in
subordonata se poate folosi orice timp.
Regula II: Daca in regenta verbul este la trecut in subordonata el trebuie sa fie la unul
din cele trei timpuri trecute ale limbii engleze: The Past Perfect, The Past Tense, The
Future in the Past.
Regula III: Daca verbul din regenta este la viitor in subordonatele conditionale si
temporale, el trebuie sa fie la Present Tense sau Present Perfect Tense, iar daca
subordonata este completiva directa verbul va fi la viitor.
REGENTA SUBORDONATA
I. Verbul este la prezent verbul poate fi la orice timp
he had come = venise
he came = a venit
We all know that = Noi toti stim he will come= el va veni
ca
he would come = el ar veni
he would have come = el ar fi venit
II. Verbul este la trecut verbul trebuie sa fie la trecut
she had come = ea venise - anterioritate
He did not know that = El nu a she came = ea a venit - simultaneitate
stiut ca
 she would come = va veni - posterioritate
III. Verbul este la viitor A. verbul sa fie la Present sau Present Perfect in subordonatele
conditionale si temporale
I shall tell you the truth
if/when = Iti voi spune adevarul
daca /cand
you give (have given) me the
book. = imi vei da cartea.
B. verbul va fi la orice timp in subordonata completiva directa.
I shall see what = Eu voi vedea I shall do. = voi face.
ce

EXCEPTII (deci cazuri cand nu se aplica regulile de concordanta a timpurilor)

1. Cand in subordonata se exprima un adevar stiintific /general.
Everybody knew that gold is a metal. = Toata lumea stia ca aurul este metal.
I told you that silver is gray. = Ti-am spus ca argintul este gri.
2. Cand subordonata este:
a) cauzala
He will not go to school because he didn't learn his lessons. = El nu va merge la scoala
pentru ca nu si-a invatat lectiile.
We shall go on the trip because they gave us the money. = Vom merge in excursie pentru
ca ei ne-au dat banii.
b) atributiva
You will see the man who wrote that book. = Il vei vedea pe omul care a scris cartea
aceea.
I saw the girl who will play the piano. = Am vazut fata care va canta la pian.
c) comparativ modala
Tomorrow I shall work more than I worked yesterday. = Maine voi munci mai mult decat
am muncit ieri.
Alte exemple:
If you didn't give him the money he won't buy any books. = Daca nu i-ai dat banii el nu
va cumpara nici o carte.
If I had bought that house I would be a rich man now. = Daca as fi cumparat casa aceea
as fi un om bogat acum.
If you came in time you wouldn't have missed the train. = Daca veneai la timp n-ai fi
pierdut trenul.
If you were with us you would have admired the scenery. = Daca erai cu noi ai fi admirat
peisajul
(The Sequence of Tenses)
Este acordul obligatoriu al timpului verbului din subordonata cu timpul verbului din
regenta sa. In limba engleza timpul verbului din subordonata trebuie sa se subordoneze
timpului verbului din regenta. Cu alte cuvinte timpurile verbelor din regente dicteaza
folosirea anumitor timpuri in subordonatele lor.
Exista in acest sens trei reguli de cunoscut si aplicat.
concordanta timp tense present

Viitorul Simplu-Viitorul Simplu (Future)

In mod paradoxal, limba engleza nu are o forma ca atare a viitorului, dar idee de viitor se
poate exprima in nenumarate moduri.
Se poate exprima prin:

• Will/ shall + infinitiv : He will be here at 5 o'clock.

• Be going to + infinitiv : She's going to buy a new computer.

• Prezentul continuu : The British Council is moving to a new building next year.

• Prezentul simplu : The train leaves at 7:15.

Afirmativ
I will/shall (‘ll) drive
You will drive
She/he will drive
We shall drive
You will drive
They will drive

Interogativ
Shall/Will I drive?
Will you drive?
Will she/he drive?
Shall/Will we drive?
Will you drive?
Will they drive?

Negativ
I shall/will not (shan’t/won’t) drive
You will not (won’t) drive
He/she will not (won’t) drive
We shall not (shan’t) drive
You will not (won’t) drive
They will not (won’t) drive

Folosire:
1. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste in legatura cu presupuneri care se vor desfasura in
viitor.
We'll come back. (Ne vom intoarce).
2. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste pentru a descrie actiuni obisnuite ce vor avea loc in
viitor.
Drivers will always have to pay their speed tickets. (Soferii intotdeauna vor trebui sa-si
achite amenzile pentru depasirea vitezei).
3. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste in cadrul propozitiilor conditionale de tip 1, precum si
in propozitii temporale.
He will come home when he finishes his work. (El va veni acasa dupa ce isi va termina
treaba).
4. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste pentru a descrie actiuni ce exprima intentia (mai ales
cele luate in momentul deciziei).
I will have some coffe, please. (As dori o cafea, va rog).
Cuvinte cheie: viitor future present will shall

Viitorul Simplu (Future)

In mod paradoxal, limba engleza nu are o forma ca atare a viitorului, dar idee de viitor se
poate exprima in nenumarate moduri.
viitor future present will shall

Lista verbelor regulate-Exista mii de verbe regulate in limba engleza. Aceasta este
o lista de 600 de mai multe comune regulate verbe. Retineti ca exista unele diferente de
ortografie in engleza americana (de exemplu, "practise" devine "practice" in engleza
americana).

A
• accept • allow • applaud • attach

• add • amuse • appreciate • attack

 • admire • analyse • approve • attempt

• admit • announce • argue • attend

• advise • annoy • arrange • attract

• afford • answer • arrest • avoid

• agree • apologise • arrive

• alert • appear • ask

B
• back • beg • boil • brake

• bake • behave • bolt • branch

• balance • belong • bomb • breathe

• ban • bleach • book • bruise

• bang • bless • bore • brush

• bare • blind • borrow • bubble

• bat • blink • bounce • bump

• bathe • blot • bow • burn

• battle • blush • box • bury

• beam • boast • brake • buzz

C
• calculate • choke • compare • cough

• call • chop • compete • count

• camp • claim • complain • cover

• care • clap • complete • crack

• carry • clean • concentrate • crash

• carve • clear • concern • crawl

• cause • clip • confess • cross

 • challenge • close • confuse • crush

• change • coach • connect • cry

• charge • coil • consider • cure

• chase • collect • consist • curl

• cheat • colour • contain • curve

• check • comb • continue • cycle

• cheer • command • copy

• chew • communicate • correct

D
• dam • deliver • disapprove • dress

• damage • depend • disarm • drip

• dance • describe • discover • drop

• dare • desert • dislike • drown

• decay • deserve • divide • drum

• deceive • destroy • double • dry

• decide • detect • doubt • dust

• decorate • develop • drag

• delay • disagree • drain

• delight • disappear • dream

E
• earn • end • excite • explain

• educate • enjoy • excuse • explode

• embarrass • enter • exercise • extend

• employ • entertain • exist

• empty • escape • expand

 • encourage • examine • expect

F
• face • fetch • flash • force

• fade • file • float • form

• fail • fill • flood • found

• fancy • film • flow • frame

• fasten • fire • flower • frighten

• fax • fit • fold • fry

• fear • fix • follow

• fence • flap • fool

G
• gather • grab • grin • guard

• gaze • grate • grip • guess

• glow • grease • groan • guide

• glue • greet • guarantee

H
• hammer • harm • heat • hug

• hand • hate • help • hum

• handle • haunt • hook • hunt

• hang • head • hop • hurry

• happen • heal • hope

• harass • heap • hover

I
• identify • increase • intend • invite

• ignore • influence • interest • irritate

 • imagine • inform • interfere • itch

• impress • inject • interrupt

• improve • injure • introduce

• include • instruct • invent

J
• jail • jog • joke • juggle

• jam • join • judge • jump

K
• kick • kiss • knit • knot

• kill • kneel • knock

L
• label • learn • lighten • load

• land • level • like • lock

• last • license • list • long

• laugh • lick • listen • look

• launch • lie • live • love

M
• man • matter • milk • move

• manage • measure • mine • muddle

• march • meddle • miss • mug

• mark • melt • mix • multiply

• marry • memorise • moan • murder

• match • mend • moor

• mate • mess up • mourn

N
• nail • need • nod • notice

• name • nest • note • number

O
• obey • obtain • offer • overflow

• object • occur • open • owe

• observe • offend • order • own

P
• pack • permit • pop • prevent

• paddle • phone • possess • prick

• paint • pick • post • print

• park • pinch • pour • produce

• part • pine • practise • program

• pass • place • pray • promise

• paste • plan • preach • protect

• pat • plant • precede • provide

• pause • play • prefer • pull

• peck • please • prepare • pump

• pedal • plug • present • punch

• peel • point • preserve • puncture

• peep • poke • press • punish

• perform • polish • pretend • push

Q
• question • queue
R
• race • refuse • remove • rhyme

• radiate • regret • repair • rinse

• rain • reign • repeat • risk

• raise • reject • replace • rob

• reach • rejoice • reply • rock

• realise • relax • report • roll

• receive • release • reproduce • rot

• recognise • rely • request • rub

• record • remain • rescue • ruin

• reduce • remember • retire • rule

• reflect • remind • return • rush

S
• sack • shiver • soothe • stop

• sail • shock • sound • store

• satisfy • shop • spare • strap

• save • shrug • spark • strengthen

• saw • sigh • sparkle • stretch

• scare • sign • spell • strip

• scatter • signal • spill • stroke

• scold • sin • spoil • stuff

• scorch • sip • spot • subtract

• scrape • ski • spray • succeed

• scratch • skip • sprout • suck

• scream • slap • squash • suffer

 • screw • slip • squeak • suggest

• scribble • slow • squeal • suit

• scrub • smash • squeeze • supply

• seal • smell • stain • support

• search • smile • stamp • suppose

• separate • smoke • stare • surprise

• serve • snatch • start • surround

• settle • sneeze • stay • suspect

• shade • sniff • steer • suspend

• share • snore • step • switch

• shave • snow • stir

• shelter • soak • stitch

T
• talk • thaw • trace • trot

• tame • tick • trade • trouble

• tap • tickle • train • trust

• taste • tie • transport • try

• tease • time • trap • tug

• telephone • tip • travel • tumble

• tempt • tire • treat • turn

• terrify • touch • tremble • twist

• test • tour • trick • type

• thank • tow • trip

U
• undress • unite • unpack • use
 • unfasten • unlock • untidy

V
• vanish • visit

W
• wail • waste • whirl • work

• wait • watch • whisper • worry

• walk • water • whistle • wrap

• wander • wave • wink • wreck

• want • weigh • wipe • wrestle

• warm • welcome • wish • wriggle

• warn • whine • wobble

• wash • whip • wonder

X
• x-ray

Y
• yawn • yell

Z
• zip • zoom

Exista mii de verbe regulate in limba engleza. Aceasta este o lista de 600 de mai multe
comune regulate verbe. Retineti ca exista unele diferente de ortografie in engleza
americana (de exemplu, "practise" devine "practice" in engleza americana).
verbe regulate engleza americana verbele regulate

Trecutul Simplu-Trecutul Simplu (Past Tense Simple)

Desemneaza un eveniment definit care a avut loc pe axa trecutului (evenimentul este
amintit in momentul prezent).
Exprima o actiune care a avut loc la un moment dat in trecut iar perioada de timp s-a
incheiat.
Se formeaza astfel:

• verb la infinitiv + (-ed) (la verbele regulate)

• forma a doua a verbului (la verbele neregulate)

Verbe regulate Verbe neregulate

Afirmativ I played tennis I was

You were
You played tennis He/she was
We were
He/she played tennis
You were
We played tennis They were

You played tennis

They played tennis
Interogativ Did I play tennis? Was I?
Were you?
Did you play tennis? .......
Did he/she play tennis?
Did we play tennis?
Did you play tennis?
Did they play tennis?
Negativ I did not (didn’t) play tennis. I was not (wasn't)
You did not play tennis. ....
He/she did not play tennis. We were not (weren't)
We did not play tennis.
You did not play tennis.
They did not play tennis.
Timpul trecut se foloseste pentru a exprima actiuni incheiate in trecut.
Se foloseste de obicei cu : yesterday(ieri),last week(saptamana trecuta),four days
ago(acum 4 zile).
Exemple:
 • I was at home yesterday.

• She visited Romania last month.

• They didn't go to Ben's party last weekend.

• Where did you go on vacation last summer?

Trecutul Simplu (Past Tense Simple)

Desemneaza un eveniment definit care a avut loc pe axa trecutului (evenimentul este
amintit in momentul prezent).
Exprima o actiune care a avut loc la un moment dat in trecut iar perioada de timp s-a
incheiat.
past tense trecut engleza

Trecutul Continuu-Trecutul Continuu (Past Contunuous Tense)

Trecutul continuu se formeaza cu ajutorul formei de trecut simplu a auxiliarului to be,
was/were + forma participiului prezent (-ing) a verbului principal.
Mod de formare
Afirmativ:
Subiect + was (pers.I/III sg) / were (restul pers.) + Verbul la infinitiv + terminatia "-ing"

Exemple:
1. I was learning a poem at this time yesterday.
2. You were watering the flowers at this time yesterday.
3.They were mending the radio at this time yesterday.

Interogativ:
Was (pers.I/III sg) / Were (restul pers.) + Subiect + Verbul la infinitiv + terminatia "-
ing"

Exemple:
1. Was I learning a poem at this time yesterday?
2. Were you watering the flowers at this time yesterday?
3. Were they mending the radio at this time yesterday?

Negativ:
Subiect + was (pers.I/III sg) / were (restul pers.) + not + Verbul la infinitiv + terminatia
"-ing"
Se folosesc adesea contractiile wasn't (was + not) si weren't (were + not)

Exemple:
1. I wasn't learning a poem at this time yesterday.
2. You weren't watering the flowers at this time yesterday.
3.They weren't mending the radio at this time yesterday.

Verbe regulate Verbe neregulate

I was playing tennis I was being
You were playing tennis You were being
He/she was playing tennis He/she was being
Afirmativ
We were playing tennis We were being
You were playing tennis You were being
They were playing tennis They were being
Was I playing tennis?
Were you playing tennis?
Was I being?
Was he/she playing tennis?
Interogativ Were you being?
Were we playing tennis?
.......
Were you playing tennis?
Were they playing tennis?
I was not (wasn’t) playing tennis.
You were not playing tennis. I was not (wasn't) being
He/she did not playing tennis.
Negativ ....
We were not playing tennis.
You were not playing tennis. We were not (weren't) being
They were not playing tennis.
Trecutul continuu ca si prezentul continuu sunt forme verbale apartinand registrului oral,
limbii vorbite cu precadere si sunt rar folosite in registrul scris.
Trecutul continuu este folosit pentru a exprima actiuni in desfasurare intr-un moment din
trecut. Deoarece indica o limita a duratei actiunii este foarte folosit pentru a indica actiuni
care au avut loc (trecut simplu) in timp ce o alta actiune era in desfasurare, sau pentru a
indica o actiune in desfasurare care este intrerupta de o alta.
Ex.: Carlos lost his watch while he was running.
I was watching Oprah when John came in screaming.
Exprima activitati din trecut:
Ex.: Once I was driving through Kenya with a friend.
Pentru a vorbi despre obiceiuri din trecut. Trecutul continuu este insotit in acest caz de
always.
Ex.: Grace was always handing in late papers.
My father was always lecturing my brother.
Trecutul Continuu (Past Contunuous Tense)
Trecutul continuu se formeaza cu ajutorul formei de trecut simplu a auxiliarului to be,
was/were + forma participiului prezent (-ing) a verbului principal.