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Fundatii
Fundatii
ls
bs
l0
l1
l 2 /2
L/2
Figura IV.1
59
bS
Figura IV.2
5-10 cm
Df
H
H1
10 cm
beton de egalizare
PE
BAZA
n care:
pef med-presiunea efectiv medie dezvoltat sub talpa fundaiei; p ef med
BL
60
med D f
l max max(l1 , l 2 )
1 1
H
H1 max 2 3
40 cm
p max
min
(IV.1)
N M
A W
unde:
N-rezultanta forelor PI , aplicat n centrul de greutate al grinzii;
M-momentul ncovoietor exterior rezultat ca urmare a reducerii forelor PI n
centrul de greutate al grinzii;
A-aria t lpii fundaiei; A L B (m2);
61
B L2
(m3).
6
62
Tabelul IV.2
Nr.
Natura terenului
crt.
1
Nisip i nisip argilos afnat, argil i argil nisipoas , n stare de
curgere
2
Pietri, nisip i nisip argilos de compactitate mijlocie, argil i argil
nisipoas n stare plastic
3
Pietri, nisip argilos n stare compact , argil i argil nisipoas
consistent
4
Stnc dur , stnc cu fisuri
Ks
(daN/cm3)
0.1-0.5
0.5-5
5-10
10-100
E
a (1 2 )
(IV.3)
unde:
km-coeficient n funcie de raportul dintre lungimea i l timea de contact a grinzii(b/a,
tabelul IV.3);
E-modulul de deformaie liniar a terenului;
-coeficientul de deformaie transversal a terenului;
a-semil imea suprafeei de contact a grinzii;
b-semilungimea suprafeei de contact a grinzii.
Tabelul IV.3. Valorile coeficientului km
b/a
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
2.23
2.5
2.75
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
km
0.5283
0.4740
0.4357
0.4070
0.3845
0.3663
0.3512
0.3385
0.3275
0.3093
0.2953
0.2836
0.2739
b/a
6
7
8
9
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
km
0.2584
0.2465
0.2370
0.2292
0.2226
0.1868
0.1705
0.1606
0.1537
0.1484
0.1442
0.1407
0.1378
0.1353
63
(IV.4)
BH 3
12
4C 3 e x cos x .
3
EI dx
Punnd condiia pentru x=0, T
P
P
obinem C
.
2K s B
2
Pi ( i )
2K s B i 1
2 n
Pi ( i )
K s B i 1
1 n
M Pi ( i )
i 1
n care =x
T Pi ( i )
i 1
(IV.6)
Funciile (),(),(),() sunt date n tabelele IV.4,IV.5,IV.6,IV.7.
Rdulescu N., Popa H., Munteanu A. Fundaii. ndrumtor de proiectare
64
(IV.7)
-0.030
-0.035
-0.036
-0.038
-0.040
-0.042
-0.043
-0.045
-0.048
-0.049
-0.050
-0.050
-0.051
-0.052
-0.052
-0.052
-0.051
-0.050
-0.049
-0.048
-0.046
-0.045
-0.045
-0.044
-0.042
-0.042
-0.041
-0.040
-0.039
-0.038
-0.036
0.000
2.300
2.310
2.350
2.385
2.400
2.425
2.460
2.500
2.540
2.575
2.600
2.615
2.695
2.700
2.740
2.780
2.800
2.825
2.870
2.900
2.915
2.965
3.000
3.015
3.065
3.100
3.120
3.180
3.200
3.245
3.310
2.700
-0.035
-0.035
-0.034
-0.032
-0.032
-0.031
-0.030
-0.029
-0.028
-0.026
-0.025
-0.025
-0.022
-0.022
-0.021
-0.020
-0.019
-0.019
-0.017
-0.017
-0.016
-0.015
-0.014
-0.014
-0.012
-0.012
-0.011
-0.010
-0.010
-0.009
-0.008
0.030
3.385
3.400
3.465
3.500
3.550
3.600
3.650
3.705
3.770
3.800
3.850
3.900
3.927
3.970
4.020
4.060
4.100
4.150
4.200
4.220
4.300
4.400
4.500
4.600
4.700
4.710
4.800
4.900
5.000
3.800
65
-0.006
-0.006
-0.005
-0.004
-0.004
-0.003
-0.003
-0.002
-0.001
-0.001
-0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.050
0.100
0.155
0.200
0.205
0.255
0.300
0.310
0.360
0.400
0.420
0.480
0.500
0.540
0.600
0.605
0.670
0.700
0.740
-0.475
-0.450
-0.425
-0.401
-0.400
-0.375
-0.354
-0.350
-0.325
-0.309
-0.300
-0.275
-0.266
-0.250
-0.227
-0.225
-0.200
-0.199
-0.175
0.820
0.900
1.000
1.100
1.105
1.200
1.220
1.250
1.280
1.300
1.310
1.350
1.375
1.400
1.415
1.465
1.485
1.500
1.525
-0.150
-0.125
-0.100
-0.076
-0.075
-0.055
-0.050
-0.045
-0.040
-0.036
-0.035
-0.030
-0.025
-0.021
-0.020
-0.015
-0.010
-0.008
-0.005
1.600
1.625
1.680
1.700
1.745
1.800
1.820
1.900
1.925
2.000
2.065
2.100
2.200
2.300
2.365
2.400
2.500
2.530
2.600
0.003
0.005
0.010
0.012
0.015
0.019
0.020
0.024
0.025
0.028
0.030
0.031
0.032
0.033
0.034
0.033
0.033
0.032
0.032
2.715
2.800
2.855
2.900
2.985
3.000
3.100
3.200
3.220
3.300
3.330
3.400
3.456
3.500
3.590
3.600
3.700
3.720
3.785
0.030
0.029
0.027
0.027
0.025
0.025
0.022
0.020
0.020
0.018
0.017
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.009
3.855
3.900
3.920
3.995
4.075
4.100
4.165
4.200
4.270
4.300
4.390
4.400
4.500
4.600
4.700
4.800
4.830
4.930
5.000
0.008
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
-0.001
-0.001
Not
Deoarece linia de influen a forei tietoare T este antisimetric n raport cu
punctul de aplicare al fortei P, valorile lui se iau cu semnul din tabel cnd fora este
situat la stnga seciunii de calcul i cu semn schimbat cnd fora este situat la
dreapta seciunii de calcul.
Tabelul IV.6 Valorile coeficientului
0.0
0.0000
1.3
0.2626
0.1
0.0903
1.4
0.2430
0.2
0.1627
1.5
0.2226
0.3
0.2189
1.6
0.2018
0.4
0.2610
1.7
0.1812
0.5
0.2908
1.8
0.1610
0.6
0.3099
1.9
0.1415
0.7
0.3199
2.0
0.1231
0.8
0.3223
2.1
0.1057
0.9
0.3185
2.2
0.0896
1.0
0.3096
2.3
0.0748
1.1
0.2967
2.4
0.0613
1.2
0.2807
2.5
0.0491
Tabelul IV.7 Valorile coeficientului
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
0.119
0.100
0.0383
0.0287
0.0204
0.0132
0.0070
0.0019
-0.0024
-0.0058
-0.0085
-0.0106
-0.0121
-0.0131
-0.0137
2.500
2.540
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
-0.0139
-0.0139
-0.0136
-0.0131
-0.0124
-0.0117
-0.0109
-0.0100
-0.0091
-0.0082
-0.0073
-0.0065
-0.008 3.700
-0.010 3.800
66
-0.017
-0.016
0.200
0.240
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.450
0.500
0.545
0.600
0.620
0.650
0.700
0.780
0.482
0.475
0.463
0.450
0.439
0.425
0.412
0.400
0.381
0.375
0.350
0.350
0.325
0.900
0.935
1.000
1.015
1.095
1.100
1.185
1.200
1.275
1.300
1.375
1.400
1.475
0.286
0.275
0.254
0.250
0.225
0.224
0.200
0.195
0.175
0.168
0.150
0.142
0.125
1.600
1.700
1.720
1.800
1.880
1.900
2.000
2.070
2.100
2.200
2.300
2.352
2.400
0.098
0.079
0.075
0.062
0.500
0.047
0.033
0.025
0.022
0.012
0.004
0.000
-0.003
2.600
2.700
2.800
2.900
3.000
3.100
3.141
3.200
3.300
3.400
3.445
3.500
3.600
-0.013
-0.016
-0.018
-0.020
-0.021
-0.021
-0.021
-0.021
-0.021
-0.020
-0.020
-0.019
-0.018
3.845
3.900
4.000
4.100
4.200
4.300
4.400
4.500
4.600
4.665
4.700
4.800
5.000
-0.015
-0.014
-0.013
-0.012
-0.010
-0.009
-0.008
-0.007
-0.006
-0.005
-0.005
-0.004
-0.001
A
x
x
1A
B
x
2A
3B
4B
67
V1
P
i 1
iA
0.052
n
V2
P
i 1
iA
P
i 1
iB
( i )
0.052
n
V4
( i )
0.16
n
V3
( i )
P
i
iB
(M A 0)
(TA 0)
(M B 0)
( i )
(TB 0)
0.16
(IV.8)
unde i=xi, iar distanele xiA i xiB sunt distanele de la forele P i i Vi la extremitile A
i respectiv B ale grinzii reale. Valorile absciselor x se iau cu semn negativ dac forele
respective se gsesc la stnga seciunii de calcul i cu semn pozitiv dac se gsesc la dreapta
seciunii.
Dup aflarea necunoscutelor V1, V2, V3, V4 se determin valorile lui y, M, T i p n
diferite seciuni ale grinzii reale AB, sub efectul tuturor forelor V1...V4 i P1..Pn, ca n cazul
unei grinzi infinite.
Calculul acestor mrimi poate fi organizat cu ajutorul unui tabel pentru fiecare seciune
de calcul( tabelul IV.1).
Tabelul IV.1
For
x
P
P
P
i 1
V1
V2
P1
P2
.
.
Pn
V3
V4
68