Lucrare de laborator

Subiectul: Determinarea acceleraiei cderii libere cu ajutorul pendulului gavitaional.

Scopul lucrrii: s se studieze pendulul gravitaional i s se determine acceleraia
cderii libere.
Materiale: bil mic cu crlig, cronumetru, rigl, fir subire, stativ.
Note teoretice
Pendulul gravitaional (numit i pendulul matematic) reprezint un corp mic
suspendat de un fir imponderabil i inexistensibil care oscileaz sub influena forei
de greutate. Perioada oscilaiilor gravitaionale este determinat de relaia :
T= 2

(1)

Unde l este lungimea firului de suspensie, g=9.81m/s2 este acceleraia cderii libere
iar 3,14159 este o constanta matematic . Perioada oscilaiilor nu depinde de
masa corpului suspendat , dar depinde de lungimea firului i acceleraia cderii
libere.
Msurnd durata t a N oscilaiile complete s epoate determina experimental
perioada pendulului:
T=

(2)

Din (1) i (2) se obine :

g=

(3)

n aceast lucrare se va determina acceleraia cderii libere cu ajutorul

pendulului matematic, utiliznd relaia (3).
Erori
l=

= = +2

(4)

Exemple de calcul (pentru un caz)

gt =

gmed =

Rezultatul final
g= (gmed gmed) =(__________ _________)

med

= _____%

Cocluzii
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ntrebri i exerciii
1. Deducei relaiile (3) i (4).
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2. Cum este influenat eroarea determinrii acceleraiei cderii libere de
lungimea pendulului sau de numrul de oscilaii ?
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3. Cum influeneaz volumul sau forma corpului eroarea experimentului ?
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