Marius Burtea Georgeta Burtea

Ana Mihaela Alexa, Rodica AlT amescu, Aurelia Bdlan, Cdtdlin Birzescu, Daniela Calistrate,
Radu Cristian, Teodora Comga, Gheorghe Dicu, Costel Dumitrescu, Middlina Enache,
Elena Fifu, Cristina Lemnaru, Doina Lorant, Sorina Lupu, Simona Mdgureanu, Sandu Nica,
Mdddlina Nicodim, Gheorghe Popa, Elena Popescu, Vasile Popescu, Elena $erb

Cl tSr'\ a Xl-a
MATEMATICA
)) exercitii
Prohleme si
Teste
semestrul I
t matrice
r determinanti
T limite de funcfii

I func{ii continue

servicii, resurse, tehnic

CAJ\€PIffiTq
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e;in1o5
- * x :{ePc1e3 (P
.ttq ,zzv =
,urele eums ozelncl€c es ES (c
d ap alalueuele olJcs es PS (q
.rereg pdrl azeztcerd es pg (e
o r' 'l(s r-)l=Y
- rr=B \€ b)
:3lecr4?ru nBp os 'I
T
rP z€oluJoJ (tilD '"''L-u'rD 'ULD)
€urnu ep lBuopJo Inuelsls .
rou as (3) "'* lr{ , y pxee .
)=V e ):8'8 =Y o 16"""""""" """'ogur8orlqrg
'F-r 'Y=8€8=V o I8""""""""" "'runsNndsvu rS lllv3roNr
l:\"-w)YA'Y=Y o 08""""""""" l**r*-*
ld ele rolaculeruuelelge8g . 91""""""""" liectldy'[B^rolul tm ed rricunf Ieun Inuuos '€
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u-w qxe(l .
? f-eef,I4€tu 59 InNIINOJ IIif,NOd '111np1;do3
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I
9t""""""""" """"""""""'oretuetuala roltticury elelrurr"I '[
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. 11fcwg reun 4unl1 .Z
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I -1p1o1;da3
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9t""""""""" "eJetllelo ep elsel
...-..... anpuq8uruty atato"rdns
06""""""""" taun DLIV .e .Z
x ,u'tu) lndp ep r""ro:il"'": ......... .aw&tD!u11o1 .a1cund pnop uud oqda.tp o{oncg '1.7
9e"""""""""
arunu as J) liD eleJolunN . 92""""""""" " ouleuoeE ug .ropfueuruuepp ele rrfucrldy .Z
61""""""""" "' tfplatrdo.t4 '€ 1[nru Ieo Inurpro ep ecrtrarlgd ecu]Brrr roun Iqueurrrrr.r]eo 't
: 'li : P' eflcmu o '3'eeutflnru 6I I[NyNI61UAJSO 'II p1o11du3
ndp ap acIJlEIrr a$eumu eg . II """""".'" "oranlele ep oisel
0l""""""""'" eculewncrriersdg'g
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 1. MATRICE. EGALITATEA MATRICELOR.
Breviar teoretic
. Se numeqte tipul (m,n) saumatrice cu ,n linii gi r coloane cu elemente din
matrice de
t9 mullimeaC,ofunc{ie A:{1,2....,m}"{t,2,...,n}+C,datdderela{ia,n(i,i)=au.
....."......19
r Numerel e ai e C se numesc elementele matricei.
o Matricea de tipul (m,n) se reprezinti sub forma unui tabel dreptunghiular cu ru linii gi z
coloane.
( u,, atz ',, )
rz-: =a:sru1l:]l*1t1..... , I o., ot: '.,1
A=l -l
11
.....................43
..........................48
ll[o-r oo,2 a,,, )
r Matricea de tipul (m, 1) se nume$te matrice linie, iarmatricea de tipul (t, n)se numegte

,,'.....,'':.,......::............:"..:3 matrice coloand.

65 o Daci m = n matricea I este matrice pdtraticl de ordinul r .

A<
o Matricele A,Be M,,(C) suntegaledaei qii=b,i.vi e{1,2,...,m\, j.{1,2,...,n}.
o Egalitatea matricelor are proprietd{ile:
.....--80 o A= A,YA€ M..,(C) -reflexivitatea
81 o A= B > B = A, YA,B eM,.,,(C) --simetria
97 o A= B, B = C ) A= C, YA, B,C e M,n,u(C)- tranzitivitatea
o Dacr AeM^,,(C) se noteazdcu Tr(l) =(ttl+Qr+...+ailil urmamatricei l.
o Sistemul ordonat de numere (arp err,..., a,,,,) forrrreazi diagonald principald, iar sistemul
(.a,,; a2.,,-1,..., o,,,) formeazi diagonala secundard amaf:icei A.

FNf tt"
S"
pi _r:"7-t_!g!:
1. Se dau mafficele:

(+ 3) (t -r -2)
A=l
(-r s)l. B=l\3 0 -t)l. '=[:JD=(-'1132)
a) Si se precizeze tipul fiecdrei matrice.
b) S[ linia a doua a matricelor A, B Si C .
se scrie elementele de pe
c) Sd se calculeze suma elementelor primei coloane in fiecare matrice,
d) Calcula{i: x= arr' +brr2 + cr,' +d,r+dro.
Solufie

Matrice
 alrJlEN 9 or"ip ul ep riqllm ed rrfrcrexe rS erualqo:6 .€-IX u VSVTJ - VOIJyI TAJVI I
:-.:-QEru 1ndr1 ezeztcard es 95 ft ;ectr€Lu ap ealeltle8e col eru erec nrlued eluoJ olaJeurnu eu[rrJepp es .S
pS
(o I r) ., =, ,l=
,rro.(t
(r t n )
l,tt s tl=s
\i z t) (t e)
-_l=V pceurfqoes .t=z( erinlosnc {_91
'l ^ ={+, erfenceeurfqoes zzq-z.D
\€ t)
= f- :elocIJ]€IU EJeplsuoo oS '9 ualelrle8e UKI 'l- = x erfnlos nc '9 + rg - x +Z urfence s\nzeJ ttq ttD eeplrleEe urq
=
a$n1og
.e1u'e
*ms (n
-y' n' )=,
J ?aciJl€Lu eulwJalep es 9s 's 9+xS)
\t-ltZ
({ +t r-s)
-
'i l=w elecrJlBr.uerecn-rtrued uetr,r rol4eure;edalrJolB^euruuelopesps .n
gS 't '
'ql = g BecI4eIu olJcs 3s I E ,+z)
trl '9-=c ,t_=o.g=rsprfnlos
IS 0=q
= V eocl$€lu olJcs os PS '€
no'r-r-s- rs 0=QZ
,0- o-.E ,r=x-tapfence"lrc"rs .[j
r g'; ) lndrt ep qlnu Boculeu (; Bocr.uer tr (q
:eusoloc I nc olutl eclguru o (t
?)=,
IS
:elJcs os 9s 'z
'S-=c 0=q ,t-=D ,b=x
g3PlInzoU'0=e-"9- IS 0=QZ'0=D+e '0=x-b pc?pglnuecr4erua$e v eorlJlel/{ (e
. n, (t'z) pdq ep ect4uru o (P
a1inp5
e nc (E't) pdq ep ecr4eru o (c
L'I=v erucn-4uod x')'q'D uolelglsrxg (q
a no (7'6) FdIl ep ecr4eur o (q 'elnu eclr1eru else tr erec n4ued )c ,J ,q,D rolr4sure;ed oluol€ aur.uJepp as pS (e
> nr (Z'Z) pdrl ep ecr4etu o (e
'(u)''rry
("-s- sz \
:oucs es PS 'I =|
eeil4eu erg 't
\.'+t x-n)l= 7
F=.
) !-I^ = - Pluer erfnlos nc '6 = 1+17
gc ureqiqo elmlcuoc uI erfencseuriqoeg't=€+€+l= =rrq+rrq+trq=(S)rf ,L=l+t*E=tto+zzo+rro=(f)rf
:lrms Jolecr4eru olor.uJn (q .0 trq ,t ,l trg
ts ts g=(1+,f)zEol etfencg = = ,rq = ,rrlcodse-r
.E 'l = ,,D 't = ,,o 't = ,,o luns eJepuncos reluuo8ep a1e rS eludrcuud rsleuoEerp elaluo1llelg (u
= l/-a1s:
L a;fnlog
trr=9-u-(u nBS;f=,
(l - t'- l:' 'rlk7rt-rr)rr]= ,"Q+ r"a+r("q+t'r) qcpur4s 'u3r rnlBoreolelerrurepposgs (q
'-. t:-.
rr l')/ '8r IooI4SIU
'i ! nes [= 1;; :arserrrt u pJepuncos uleuo8erp sd ep rS y lclctwuJ e pledrcuud uleuo8erp ed ep olelueurole erJcs es pS (e
(t r o) (r o o)
]ull- . tttt
'. '. = ttt nes [- tu( = tu PJ
'z
J0 i €l=8'l o t ol=tr:elecl-tluurEreprsuorss
(r
, IS rl = Z - x + zr BruJoJ qns tl jl'! z t) [r r- t)
'lt=Z+€+20+r(t-)*,s=, (p't-='? r€r+ t1,x+ttc
= ,r.- _-\: :apfpyle8a qfqo e5 IS 9=6+t+g-
a{n1o5 ,V=t+l= rrq+,,q ,t=(f
-)*l =tzD+ ilz eleums urfqo eg (c.2 eacr4eur
: il rulued'1ig eoctqerun4uedol-'0,giV eacl4erun4uod.S .l-:ololuetueleurfqoeg (q
: -((r+'{)z8of
,,2 r'* ,.\ '(u;'''^3o'(u)"w = )'(u)''tztrrs'(u)'''w v pc ruo^v (e
=
f'--
(r'** )l=' fz ):a-r)
I I

.Tr:- :trtncea B ; 1, penflu

[.; rog.(y+rl,J-[: 3 |
:- r
---- -i. Solufie
_:_._11 Seob{inegalitSlile: x'+x=2; 2" =2"''; =3 $i log:(y*t)=3. Ecualia x'+x=2
Cl,

scriesubforma x2 +x_ 2=0 $iaresoluJiile rr =1 pi xz=-2. Dinegalitatea 2'n =22tn-t

""
ob{ine cd m = 2nt-1 sau m = 1. Folosind formulele combindrilor C', = se obline
-A*
(n - p)t pl
-{ s: re pe diagonala secundarl a ' .:] nl. (n - 2)t(n * r) n
succeslv: L, =J S&U--=J = 3 . DupS simplificiri rezultd ecuatia
(n "2)! 2l (n-z\tt.z
- .,,' = [rr(l)-r'(B)]'. r(ir-l')
:=J. eN*, solutiaciutatl
sau n2-n-6=0 cusolutiile n =3 $i n=-2. Deoarece n
2
> jl-r: J - 3, a.z = 3, a., = l, este ,? = 3.
Ecua{ia 1og, (y+l) = 3 t | =2r qi are solulia -y = 8-l = 7.
se scrie sub forma y
inconcluzieoblinem cd x=1, m=1, n=3, ./=7 sau x=-2, m=1, n=3, /=7.
1 - -: - 3 = 7. Se ob(ine ecua{ia

ffi,5i Exercilii ";j p1."!-!e. -m.e pY"P*!:-

.: ::::::l=:r:' ::::r,:':,..'...:a::a:. ::

Exdt#A@Jiiil' ,:
1,.:.::::::::.:,l l'::l=i r,l r':'
1. Si se scrie:
a) o nratrice de tipul (Z,Z) cu elemente din mullimea numerelor naturale;
esle maffice nula.
b) o mahice de tipul (:,2) cu elemente din mullimea numerelor intregi;

c) o matrice de tipul (t,:) cu elemente din multimea nttmerelor reale;

t-r 5r -5 -c=0.Rezultdci
d) o matrice de tipul (Z,t) cu elemente din mullimea numerelor reale.
2. Sd se scrie;
a) o mah'ice linie cu 3 coloane; b) o matrice coloand cu 2 linii;
lr=0 qi -5-c=1,cu c) rnatricea nuld de tlpul (2,3); d) matricea unitate de ordinul 3.

3. Si se scriematricea A =(or)eI1,,,r(R) gtiindcd: a,, =(_11'*i, i e{1,2,3}, i e{t,Z\.

(2+x 3 \ J. Sd se scriematricea B ={b ).Mr,r(Z) stlindcir: b, =(i* j)' ,ie{t,Z\, i e{1,2,3\.
ame eie -1.t -l
- |
I

(5-x 4+y)t. li+i.dacdi<i

5. Sdsedeterminematricea C=(r,,)e,lZ,(R) qtiindcd:., =]l + j,dacd i= j.
I z-i, aaca I i
>

Fa r=-1. Din egalitatea 6. Seconsidcrimatricere:o=1,

18 3)
\
" (
:7] .=r, I4 rt
u).u=l']l''-tz
/ 3) ,=f f)
tJ:.,/
brineca ,=(:1), [8 0)
(1 2 3)
tt
E=14 s 6l
i malnce:
[z8eJ
a) Sd se precizeze tipul matricelor A,B,C,D,E;

Ce inr6lare Matrice
 alrJlPhtr oreip^ul ep lipprn ed ufrcrexo rS eunlqo.r4 ?-fX € ySV.I) - yJIIVTIAIVW
lal{I3luela ewllrJolap es Ps 'rz : g= (lr)"rt erec n4ued r ml alr.role^ (u
$eurruraloq
r-,^ ) (i(r-r) E l=l .
) I
( o !::l (r-{)rsor)
t-x).2) [ r i(t+r)J
au oletruoruelo deuuuelaq '97 i ,u ; , l= H '(u)'r'v = tr Berr.q,ur arJ .8r
'6 > z',{'r [tt-,rl;ao1 t- .e )
i11{fi112.-- r.iiiiiilrrffil,f;;firi}i=;7fi-+:1,,
i rXiiiiiiiilll ,:]iip++?l 11;,Xry r,p
lilXlii.it
:l (e** r )
I
t v alerl-sEru rcp es 'sz [ , n*o)=r
l=
tll epun.eluaeluns .tt
'* l.[z*'ie 1l=],
g t-xz) s $ vetacrreurqcsp u >t,x ageasEs
'.1
( -a+ ,u-g1 ^tutz-
(,1- ^)_f r r-c\ aulrrlJe]opes?s '9I
r M^Z tl+ zi+- z^ ) [,*, ,*,J=[,*, ," )"'n"1'Eeurp 33/t''?
elecl4Bru eullllJolap es ps 'rz (", o) (e o )
ler s l=l t-r 8 | eelaqs8aurp g ) )'q'o ourruratepos?S .SI
(o
,r- z+x
- )l=y (e [, *z) l' t z+Dt)
[r (,r+x+1)qJ (z- o ,t ) ( o r-r)
p gcr4erulsuue elso y PcrP4gd [, irz)=[r-, r+D)BeNrvEaup 6 ) c'qo, oullrrro]epos Ps'tI
:l?ar In.rgumu 1iequ.ntoq 'ET,
.(r e+'l_1r-r i )
urp g {'x euruuo,.p es PS 'tl
z+x)v,4leSo =
l= p aprm qJE61 '27. Ir lf ) ( r
"O= N
(: r-) (t ?-)
' x) ve3. Ji,Bur ?p os 'lz urp O > 'r'x autlure]ep es PS 'zI
l= w
,Z) t; , J= |.r, 1 )n"rorn'.
( I (l+r7)s1) (o z-\_(o ,{)
"/=l I (? ulp '{'x outure}ep es z: 'tI PS
' z*'1te ) [,- ,tJ= [; E- i "l't'tnae
\'' ,'
F\.=l (g+* l-z- Z+r)I ,.
\-
,,,n urp a *r surur-ro1ep es ?s '0r
l, [ri+l ,t ,x ) [: :)=C ]) nnr" N
'?- nus 7 nc epSs alelua4lele ne erec (t'S) 1ndu op rolocr.B?ru
Irupumu rleunurspq
.6
I)_f t z+zi8ot) '1 nes 6'1- nc eluEe eleluaruele na eruc .g
{E (e'z) Fort ep rolecr4?ru lnrpumu $eqrurepq
7-,;-[s- ,Z Lt- b ) 'q nes D erelueurale nB ersc (r'E) pup ep elecr.B,ru elnol er,,"s es
Es .L
,i?er eloroIunu dumuuopq '02 '(r)a+(r')a empct€cesps (q
: (r)a nc plelou
ts recr4?{rr uurm) 7 rocr.nBru e gledrcuud eleuoEerp ed ap rolslusurep
{p U ozelnclec es gs 6
",('don liequlrePg'61 lar pctIuru s pJspunces "ums
eleuoEelp elJcs es pS G
:cr rccrtBru rolelueluele aums erurcez o ep pclur IBru eJsoJa nc gsd11 uud szetuxordu as gg (e
rse : rnl aluoleA [ernuuo16
i3
rscl.Buturoleluorrcle sums ezapclec os gS (p
e i m1 al€ IJoluA ac nluad
ig eecr4uur qp enop e urml ed ep eplueurele erx)s es pS (c
.e -r rnl alE uols^ oc n4ued
!y
recr.qeru u gledrcuud eleuo8erp elrcs es pS (q
 b) Pentru ce valori ale lui r avem cl, + (t.r < a21 2
c) Pentrucevalorialelui yavem 4r3 -arr-arr=0 ?

rrna elementelor matricei D; d) Dterminaii valorile lui e astfel incit ar, = arr.

sin30' ( " ll
mat-icei I (urma matricei I 19. Determin alia.p,ye IR din egalitatea matricelor
rLtrtur f {^"t
L7 cos3o" )=
[rrro Ji]
20. f)etenninali numerele reale x,y,z gi r dacd :

-J=[(-2 3 ) b) (--:
sai:.
a) c:-n -r"-s')
(
te-e esale cu -1,0 sau 1. ,
l,l*,,-'', ; r*,)t [l;l
:ele egale cu 4 sau -4.
. (*, .y, r+r,l_fr o ol,
c) d) (*]-r,
[.rnz z-t x +6) \4 2 s) \" -Y'
/ -tr-z -2 - \
e)
' I " '--'l=1,.
[lg(2-v+l) | )

21. Seddmahicea * =l'- 0'.}. anuti ,r.1'elR. astfelincdt M =lt-

[x 4')
lo*'('-t)l r
22. Dac6 N=ororrnde t*i=ft'..!l*') qi y'
I o log,l ) ,sdsedeterminenumerelereale
23. Determinali num[rul real x astfel inc6t urm[toarele matrice si fie antisimetrice: (marticea

) I
pdtratic[ este antisimetrici dac[ A = -' A)
2)
-. a) ( r+2 ''1,
o) o,r=lttl' -;:,
A=(tn(t+x+x'1 :l
i .i [_z 3 o)
_, _1C
24' s[ se determine * =(,'* l) t
matricele qtiind ci are loc egalitatea
'''o'
i'r-w:+[3 2vw )-(+, ar')
lr-l -2wv 13 - u'2 * u' )- \-+w a, )'
-2'l z
6 \
= lsi (41-- ( -!'l l
3 3t +2)
25. Sedaumatricele e=l I rF i si a=ll-:l + l.gtiina cit A=B detenninali

[
"2
; ) [*
;ttl:.,::
II :a::::::.,:,i:i-:
-. .. - E ^1,,)
.i. -| ri -]D!\.
26. Determinali elementele necunoscute din egalitatea matricelor
1 r+r)l 4 ) (2.1* -r1r 4)
3 (y-r)r.j=[ .y'-r t)
27. Se se detennine elementele necunoscute din egalitatea de mahice

,e !nvdtare
Matrice
 a)I.IlEhl OI oreiP ul ep fpllun ed tdrc"raxe rS auralqo"r6 .e-IX B VSV.IJ
- yCIJVIAIAJyI I
* (g +r) ozolncl€c es PS '7,
1
? (eletpuapl) apqrm eecl4€W .
ttq- tEo
o
:rp .l = (r-)- - - ttp
o'" Lt'trt
ztpt
'(a)''' lrl r'(J)
= w.g.,(o) vq1 ) y A,) (s.r) = (c. s). r
. rrp,l= rtq-zto -
Z+ l- = :pl4ercose else earrflnurul .
: rut!1nwq aliplaudo"t4
P ''p) '
p ',pl=O=g-y pceq (q {d'"''Z'fi > l' {ur'"',2,1} ) !, r"q.'!D +... + t.q. zl, + trq. trD =,t!)
,rc '(O)''*WrJ,(,b)=J eecr4el4l (,5)= S ,(,,o)=r ,(O)o'*W=S .(O) ,,*14{=y eIg,
? "p) .
rop)t,qDw oat{lnutuJ
'l(r- r t)l=-)
'r? InrBr.rmu nc ,/ lacr{sru psnpord elSeumu as (r, n) _
Ir t n) V peeilJle]yl". (J),,.,,,ru ) v ,JD l? erg
Ii) Joutnu un n) aculnu,t oun oat{putu1
=
::c iy= 0+t = t'q+tzP =
tlc ., *o
t =.\c,.y= I+€ = ttrqltD - = v +(r_) = (v_) +v
;uelelerrdord ere rs 7 recrrsru esndo elseunu as (rrr-) = v- Eext$ew .
(.e
J Eecr4€IAI')=g+v erl '(a)"'*w>y A'y +''''o= ""uo+y
e$n1og :aJeunpe nrlued nr1nou lueureJo else ,'.p ulnu eecr4BI
I .
'())""'w ) )'g'v A'(c+ t)+v = 2+(a +r)
,'r t)
/o" t-'l=v (r
-s'l :p^rlsrcoss olse J0lecr4eru seJpunpy .
1 \I_ Z E) :tuDunpD alip@rtdot4
-r tS g+/ ezalnrlerosES 'l 'g+V pzeelouas 6r rS y rolecqgrueruns .
'g lS y roloor't1etu uuns elSaumu
es (ar+ nr)=r'())"'"'lnt>^J €ocr4uru ,(,q)=s,(nr)=r,(O) o",nt4{)g,v gce1t
'(,(efe3-uoqtuu11
.
totiatg ?qaloa'
. flJIUIYI^I Of, IITYUf,dO 'Z
- =F,'(J)'7,t1=ygtuq
' o I 'z rS r + 1 Jolorerunu e pculeruoe8 elparu (q
,-,uV = ,Y' *V
:lzrl 1s
lrl'lcl'lol ;olereunu B pcrtrourrre
erperu (e
':, '11 A 'ellrfeler rol nv .
(z _z/*r) (t'3o1, r+rA)
>uliep as n4ued .
.N " '/ .tttl
:tleururataC ' j 3 gtz
i '" as . l=l ,Z+ ,v ,_& | n.rnuln8, proprsuoc eS .62
I = oP' etseuueP
'(a)'Yr)Y ell o
[s z ) \,qe-t DZ-t)
'p1 > a'g'rzo,{'r rfeunurelep
v,'$, =(s'r) ,
8,*V,=@+f), (::r r I (x
B= tS
r-l rrA- -Fror') .gZ
:e1ule1er col nV h' vrnr,,rS | ,r- 4 r l= s q-o elcrrrutunepes
: i:url uj Joleusoloc e tS euuolo'^ :
la+t l=Z
t-; ,T s-.v) \q+o 8- )
r,- 1" (A)''*w)y gxB,C .
'
.(=z lo*,r1 (.oero, ir )
i.,' = t'' A'V = V.'I =' I'Y sor
lr ,,J ['lv*1: ,2.,.,t)
 A'1, = 1,,'A= A, V Ae M,,(C.).
r DacI AeM,,,n(A), A=tor), matricea'1, oblinutidinmatricea A prinschimbarealiniilor
in coloane gi a coloanelor in linii se nume$te transpusa matricei I .

. l- r' l=B Au loc relaliile:

$tiindcd
. , '(.t+B)='A+'B '(.q-n)='A-'B
' ' (.e'B)='B''t '(' A)= t
. Fie Ae M,dC.).
o Se defineqte Ao = 1,, At = A, A2 = A'A.
);:e:::lnati:
c Pentru r e N' se definegte matricea An : An't .1, numitiputerea n amatriceiA.
r Au loc rela{iile, Y m, n, P e N :

a . A^.A"=A''*", ' (n^)' = A^, =(Ao)' .

r Daci AeM,(.o), 1.l,*. locretalia: A2 - (a + d) A+ (ad - bc) I, = Or; (relaJia

o=(' d)
[c
Hamilton-Cayley).
(c), c =(au+br) se
rezolvate ffi
1. S[secalculeze A+B si A-B dac5:
(2 -1) (o r\
(t 2 (t -l 2\
rr A=l 3 -l\ l. -[o
B _t b, rl
[4 0) -2
t.
-r I
'=[; l] '=[:, -2)
Solufie
crz
a) Fie I + B = C. Makicea C este de tipul (2, 3). Rezultd cd c =('" "'' ), *d"
\czr czz c';.)
C,=Qrr+4r =3+l =4; c,z=arr*b,r=2+(-t) =t; cn = aB+ br, = -11) = l;
L:t = a2t*bz, =4+0 = 4; czz = arr+br, = 3+(-Z) = l; cr. = an +4, = 0+(- 1)= -t' A;adar
dmatriceil cu numdrul a. (+ I l)
t- =l
t L[4 -t)
a C:(c*),C eM.fC,), cu (0,,
r) Dacd
',,)
A_p=p=ld, d..l se ob{ine cd dr, = arr - bt, = 2 - 0 = 2,

;,:,) [r,
d,, = Qrz-brz = -l+2 =l, d", = al
*bzt =3-0 = 3, drz = arr - bn = 0-l = -1,
r_). (2 I)
tl., = ar,-hr, =0-(-l) =1, dr, = Qn*btz: l-(-2) = 3. Se obline ,=1, -r l.
neutn.l [r 3)
(z (t
A=l l\l. B=l(4
2\
2. Sd se calculeze (,t+ B)+t: qi l+"(B'rC) pentru
(2 0)' 3)
l.

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