Calculul elementelor de sarpanta

Amplasament : BUCURESTI
Clasa de importanta a constructiei : IV
a=2.0 ; b=2.2 ; c=1.2 ; d=1.4 ; e=0.25 ; f=0.45 ;

I. Stabilirea incarcarilor :
Incarcari permanente :
greutate proprie invelitoare :
aleg : Tabla tip LINDAB
300 daN/m2 (inclusive astereala si capriorii )
gpn = 300 N/m2 = 0.5 KN/m2 ;
gpc = 300 * 1.2 = 360 N/m2 = 0.36 KN/m2 ;
Incarcari din zapada :
pzc = Ce * Cz * gz * F
Ce=0.8 ( conditii normale de exploatare) ;
CZ=1.25 ( coeficient de aglomerare ) ;
gz=1.5 ( zona C ) ;

= a- ( 0.4 * gp ) / ( Ce * gz ) 0.3 * a
2.0 - 0.4 * 300 / 0.8 * 1500 = 1.90 > 0.60
F = 1.90 > 0.60
F

pzc=1500*1.25*0.8*1.90 =2850 N/m2

Incarcari din vint :
pnc = * Cni * Ch (z) * gv * F
=1.6
gv=420 N/m2 = 0.42 KN/m2
F=1.90
Ch(z)=0.65


20

0.5
-0.40

32

+0.02

40

+0.30

h1 / l = 0.72
0.67

1.0
-0.7

-0.122

-0.40

h1=6.85m
l=9.45m
h1/l=0.72

-0.2

Cni = - 0.122
Observatie !
Deoarece are un efect de suctiune incarcarea din vant nu se ia in calcul .

= 32 :
sin = 0.53
cos = 0.848
Incarcarea utila :
Pn = 1000 N = 1 KN ;
Pc = Pn * n = 1.2 KN ;

Calculul sipcilor :
Conform alegerii facute tabla tip LINDAB , distanta aferenta dintre o sipca , pe
o suprafata inclinata este de c = 400 mm ;

Schema de calcul a sipcilor :

= 32 :
sin = 0.53
cos = 0.848
Incarcarea permanenta :
qsp= gp * c , de unde se scade incarcarea capriorilor 80 N/m2
gp = 300 80 = 220 N/m2
gpc = 220 * 1.2 = 264 N/m2
qps x = gpc * c *sin = 264 * 0.4 * 0.53 = 56 N/m2
qps y = gpc * c * cos = 264 * 0.4 * 0.848 = 89.5 N/m2

Incarcari din zapada :

pzc=1500 * 1.25 * 0.8 * 1.90 =2850 N/m2 ;
c = 400 mm = 0.4 m ;
gzs = pzc * c * cos = 2850 * 0.4 * 0.848 = 967 N/m2 ;
qzs x = gsz * sin = 966.72 * 0.53 = 513 N/m
qzsy = gsz * cos = 966.72 * 0.848 = 820 N/m
Incarcare din vant : nu se ia in considerare deoarece a rezultat suctiune ;
Incarcare utila : nu se ia in considerare la calculul sipcilor ;
Ipoteze de incarcare :
Observatie !
Deoarece la calculul sipcilor se ia in considerare numai incarcarea permanenta sic ea
din zapada , ipoteza de calcul este numai una :
IPOTEZA 1
qs1 x = qsp x + qsz x = 56 +513 =569 N/m
qs1 y = qsp y + qsz y = 89.5 +820 = 910. N/m
Calculul momentelor :
d1 = 1.00 m
4

q1s , x * d12

569 *1.00 2
= 71 .20 Nm
8
8
q 1s , y * d12 910 *1.00 2
=
= 114 Nm ;
8
8

1
s x

M =
Ms1y =

Verificarea capacitatii portante :

M efs , x
M rs, x

M efs , y
M rs, y

1.00

Aleg sectiunea sipcilor 58 x 38 :

Msr,x = Ric * Wcalc,x * mTi
Msr,y = Ric * Wcalc,y * mTi
Unde :
mTi = 0.9 ;
Wcalc,x =
Wcalc,y =

b h 2 58 38 2
=
= 13958 .67 mm3
6
6
b h 2 38 58 2
=
= 21305 .33 mm ;
6
6

gp = 220 N/m2 ;
gz * ce = 1500 * 0.8 = 1200 N/m2
=

0.55 220 + 0.65 1200

= 0.63
220 + 1200

Observatie!
Conform tabelului de rezistente de calcul ale lemnului la incovoiere statica , se face
interpolari ale valorilor coeficientului :

Ric
0.55 . 10.8
0.63 ..?
0.7013.7
0.15 2.9
0.08 .x
x = 1.55
c
Ri = 10.8 + 1.55 = 12.35 N/mm

Msr,x = 12.35 * 13958.67 * 0.9 = 155151 N/mm

Msr,y = 12.35 * 21305.33 * 0.9 = 236809 N/mm

M efs , x
M

s
r,x

M efs , y
M

s
r,y

1.00 =

71 .2
114

1.00
155151
236809

0.46 0.49 = 0.95 < 1.00

Verificarea rigiditatii la incovoiere :

Incarcari permanente :
gp = 220 N/m2
c = 0.4 m
qp = gp * c
sn
q p x = qs np * sin = 220 * 0.4 * 0.53 = 46.7 N/m
qs np y = qs n * cos = 220 * 0.4 * 0.848 = 74.6 N/m
Incarcari din zapada :
qzs n = gs * ce * cz * gz * c *

= c 0.2 c

qz

sn

gp

gz

0.3 c

= 1.2 ;
300

= 1.2 0.2 0.8 1500

0.36

o = 1.15 0.36
= 1500 * 0.8 * 1.25 * 1.15 * 0.40 * 0.848 = 585.12 N/m
= 586 N/m suprafata inclinata

qzs n x = qzs n * sin = 585.12 * 0.53 = 310.1 N/m

qzs n y = qzs n * cos = 585.12 * 0.848 = 496.18 N/m

Deformatiile datorate incarcarilor permanente :

Iy =
Iy =

b3 h 58 38 3
=
= 265214 .67 mm4
12
12
b h 3 58 3 38
=
= 617854 .67 mm4
12
12

E= 11300 N/mm2
d1= 1000 mm
5

fp inst x = 384

q sp,,nx d14
E Iy

5
46 .7 10 3 1000 4

384 11300 265214 .67

q p , y d1
5
5
74 .6 10 3 1000 4

fp inst y =
384
E Ix
384 11300 617854 .67
s ,n

=0.203 mm

= 0.139 mm

fp x= fp inst x * ( 1 + kzdef ) = 0.203 * ( 1+ 0.5 ) =0.305 mm

fp y= fp inst y * ( 1 + kzdef ) = 0.139 * ( 1+ 0.5 ) =0.209 mm
Deformatiile datorate incarcarilor din zapada :

fz inst x

q sp,,nx d14
5
5
310 .1 10 3 1000 4
= 384 E I = 384 11300 265214 .67
y

fz inst y

q p , y d1
5
5
496 .18 10 3 1000 4

=
384
E Ix
384 11300 617854 .67
s ,n

= 1.35 mm

= 0.93 mm

fp x= fp inst x * ( 1 + kzdef ) = 1.35 * ( 1+ 0.5 ) =2.03 mm

fp y= fp inst y * ( 1 + kzdef ) = 0.139 * ( 1+ 0.5 ) =1.40 mm
Ipoteza 1 !
fl x = fp x + fz x = 0.305 + 2.03 = 2.34 mm
fl y = fp y + fz y = 0.209 + 1.40 = 1.61 mm
fmax final =

f l ,2x + f ly2 =

2.34 2 +1.61 2

= 2.84 mm

fadm =

lc
1000
=
150
150

= 6.67 mm ; lc = 1000 mm

fmax final < fadm 2.84 < 6.67 mm

- SIPCA va avea sectiunea de : 58 x 38
II.

Calculul capriorilor :

sipca : 28 x 58
c = 40 cm ;
caprior : 120 x 120
d1 = 100 cm ;
Incarcarea permanenta :

= 32 :
sin = 0.53
cos = 0.848
c
q p = gp * d1 * n
unde :
n = 1.2
d1 = 100 cm = 1.00 m
gp = 300 N/m2
gcp = 300 * 1.00 *1.2 = 360 N/m
qcp n = gcp * cos = 360 * 0.848 = 305.25 306 N/m
Incarcare din zapada :
8

qcz = pcz * d1
d1 = 100 cm = 1.00 m
Pzc= 2850 N/m2
pcz = 2850 * 1.00 = 2850 N/m
qcz n = qcz * cos2 = 2850 * 0.8482 = 2049.45 N/m
Observatie !
Incarcare din vant nu se ia in considerare deoarece a rezultat efect
de suctiune !
Incarcarea utila :
p c n = pn * n
; pn = 1000 N ; n =1.2 ;
c
p n = 1000 * 1.2 = 1200 N
Pc c n = p c n * cos
Pc c n = 1200 * 0.848 = 1017.6 N
Ipoteze de incarcare :
Observatie !
Intrucat nu se ia in considerare incarcarea din vant avem 2 ipoteze de calcul :
Ipoteza 1 !
qc1 = qcp n + qcz n = 306 + 2049.45 = 2355.45 N/m
Ipoteza 2 !
1. Incarcare uniform distribuita
qc2 = qcp n = 305.25 306 N/m
2. Incarcare concentrate
P2 = Pc c n = 1017.6 N
Calculul momentelor :
- deschiderea de calcul a capriorilor pe directia inclinata este
de 3.00 m ;
Ipoteza 1 !
l2 = 3.00 m ;
9

q1c l22
2355 .45 3.00 2
M1=
=
= 2650 Nm
8
8
c

Mc1 = 2650 Nm
Ipoteza 2 !
M c2 =

q2c l22
Pc l
+ 2 2 =
4
8

M c2 =

306 3.00 2
8

1017 .6 3.00
4

= 1107.45 Nm

Mcmax = max (Mc1 ; Mc2 )

Mcmax = max (2650 ; 1107.45 )
Mc1 = 2650Nm
Verificarea capacitatii portante :
Mcmax Mr ;
Ric = 12.35 N/mm
mTi = 0.9 ( lemn tratat pe suprafata )
Mr = 12.35 * 0.9 * Wcalc
Mr = 11.10 * Wcalc , de unde rezulta :
Wnec

c
M max
2650 10 3
=
= 238738.8 mm
11 .1
11 .1

. se alege caprior cu sectiune de : 100 x 120 mm

Wef =

100 120 2
6

= 240000 mm3 > Wnec = 238739 mm3

Verificarea rigiditatii capriorilor la incovoiere :

fmax final fadm
lc = 3000 mm
10

fadm =

lc
200

3000
200

= 15 mm

Incarcarea permanenta :
qc np n = gp * d1 * cos
unde :
cos = 0.848
d1 = 100 cm = 1.00 m
gp = 300 N/m2
qc np n = 300 * 1.00 * 0.848= 254.4 N/m
Incarcari din zapada :
qzs n = gz * ce * cz * d1 * o * cos 2
o = 1.15
sn
qz = 1500 * 0.8 * 1.25 * 1.15 * 1.00 * 0.8482 = 1335.84 N/m
= 1336 N/m
Incarcarea utila :
Pc nn = p c * cos
pc = 1000 N ;
cos = 0.848
cn
P n = 1000 * 0.848 = 848 N
Deformatiile datorate incarcarii permanente :
E= 11300 N/mm2
l2 = 3.00 m ;
kpdef = 0.5
fpc = fpc inst * (1+ kpdef )
f

c
p inst

I=

q cp,,nn l24
5

=
384
E I

b h3 100 120 3
=
12
12

fpc inst =

= 14400000 mm4

5
254 .4 10 3 3000 4

384
11300 14400000

= 1.6 mm

fpc = 1.65 * (1+ 0.5) = 2.4 mm

11

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii din zapada :

E= 11300 N/mm2
d1= 3000 mm
kpdef = 0.5
fzc = fzc inst * (1+ kzdef )
fzc inst =
I=

q c,n l 4
5
z ,n 2
384
E I

b h3 100 120 3
=
12
12

fzc inst =

= 14400000 mm4

5
1335 .84 10 3 3000 4

384
11300 14400000

=8.6 mm

fzc = 8.6 * (1+ 0.5) = 12.9 mm

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii utile :
E= 11300 N/mm2
l2= 3000 mm
kpdef = 0.00
fuc = fuc inst * (1+ kzdef )
f

c
u inst

I=

c ,n
3
1 P,n l2
=
48
E I

b h3 100 120 3
=
12
12

fuc inst =

=14400000 mm4

1
848 3000 3

48 11300 14400000

=2.93 mm

fuc = 2.93 mm
Ipoteza 1 !
f1c = fpc + fzc
12

f1c = 2.48 + 13 = 15.48 mm

fmax final > fadm se mareste sectiunea la : 120 x 120 =>
b h3 120 120 3
=
I=
= 17280000 mm4
12
12
120 120 2
Wef =
= 288000 mm3 > Wnec
6

= 238739 mm3

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii permanente :

fpc inst =

q cp,,nn l24
5

384
E I

fpc inst =

5
254 .4 10 3 3000 4

384
11300 17280000

= 1.37mm

fpc = 1.37 * (1+ 0.5) = 2.10 mm

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii din zapada :
E= 11300 N/mm2
d1= 3000 mm
kpdef = 0.5
fzc = fzc inst * (1+ kzdef )
fzc inst =

q c,n l 4
5
z ,n 2
384
E I

fzc inst =

5
1335 .84 10 3 3000 4

384
11300 17280000

=7.22 mm

fzc = 7.22 * (1+ 0.5) = 10.83 mm

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii utile :
E= 11300 N/mm2
l2= 3000 mm
kpdef = 0.00
fuc = fuc inst * (1+ kzdef )
13

c
u inst

I=

c ,n
3
1 P,n l2
=
48
E I

b h3 100 120 3
=
12
12

fuc inst =

=14400000 mm4

1
848 3000 3

48 11300 17280000

=2.44 mm

fuc = 2.44 mm
Ipoteza 1 !
f1c = fpc + fzc
f1c =2.10 + 10.83 = 12.93 mm
Ipoteza 2 !
f1c = fpc + fuc
f1c = 2.10 + 2.44 = 4.54 mm
fadm = 15 mm > fmax = 12.93 mm
- CAPRIORUL va avea o sectiune de 120 x 120 .

III.

Calculul panei centrale :

14

Incarcarea permanenta :

15

lc = 2.10 0.75 = 1.35 m = 1350 mm

gp = 300 N/m2
d2= 2.25 m = 2250 mm ( deschideri inegale d2 d2 )
cos = 0.848
n = 1.2
n1 = 1.1
- aleg lemn de rasinoase ( brad ) cu sectiunea de : 120 x 120 mm :
lemn = 480 daN/m3 = 4800 N/m3
bp = 120 mm
hp = 120 mm
1

qpp = gp * n * d2 * cos + bp * hp * n1 *

lemn

=300 * 1.2 * 2.25 * 1.18 + 0.12 * 0.12 * 1.1 * 4800 =

1031.83 N/m
p
qp = 1032 N/m

Incarcarea din zapada :

qzp = pzc * d2 = 2850 *2.25 = 6412.5 N/m
= 6413 N/m

Incarcarea utila :
P=1000N
N=1.2
Pp = P * n = 1000 * 1.2 = 1200 N
Ipoteza 1 !
q1 = qpp + qzp = 1032 + 6413 = 7445 N/m
Ipoteza 2- nu se ia in considerare deoarece efectul de incovoiere
produs de incarcarea de 1200 N este mult mai mica decat incarcarea
uniform distribuita .

16

Calculul momentelor :

p
1

q1p l c2
7445 1.35 2
=
=
= 1696.06 Nm
8
8

Verificarea capacitatii portante la incovoiere a panei centrale :

Mpmax Mr ;
Mr = Rci * Wcalc * mTi
1

gpn = 300 N/m2 + bp * hp * 4800 * d

gpn = 300 + 0.12 * 0.12 * 4800 *

1
2.25

= 330.72 N/m2

gz * ce = 1500 * 0.8 = 1200 N/m2

=

0.55 331 + 0.65 1200

= 0.63
331 +1200

Ric = 12.35 N/mm

mTi = 0.9 ( lemn tratat pe suprafata )
Wef =

120 120 2
6

= 288000 mm3

Mr = Rci * Wcalc * mTi

Mr = 12.35* 288000 * 0.9 = 3201120 Nmm
Mr = 3201.12 Nm 3202 Nm
Mcmax Mr ;
Mcmax = 1697 Nm Mr = 3202 Nm

Verificarea rigiditatii la incovoiere a panei centrale :

fmax final fadm
lc = 1350 mm

17

fadm=

lc
200

1350
200

= 6.75 mm

Incarcarea permanenta :
1

gppny = gp * d2 * cos + bp * hp *
p n
p y

lemn

=300 * 2.25 * 1.18 + 0.12 * 0.12 * 4800 = 865.62

= 866 N/m

Incarcarea din zapada :

gczny = cz * gz * ce * 0 * d2
Ce=0.8
0 = 1.15
CZ=1.25
d2 = 2.25
gz=1500
gczny = 1500 * 1.25 * 0.8 * 1.15 * 2.25 = 3881.25 N/m
gczny = 3882 N/m
Deformatiatii datorate incarcarilor permanente :
E= 11300 N/mm2
lc= 1350 mm
kpdef = 0.5
fpp = fpp inst * (1+ kpdef )
f

p
p inst

q pp,,yn lc4
5

=
384
E Ix

b h3 120 120 3
=
= 17280000 mm4
12
12
5
866 10 3 1350 4

fpp inst =
= 0.19 mm
384 11300 17280000

I=

fpp = 0.19 * (1+ 0.5) = 0.285 mm

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii din zapada :

E= 11300 N/mm2
lc= 1350 mm
kpdef = 0.5
fzp = fzc inst * (1+ kzdef )
18

fz

inst

q zp,,yn lc4
5

=
384
E Ix

b h3 120 120 3
=
= 17280000 mm4
12
12
5
3882 10 3 1350 4

fzp inst =
= 0.86 mm
384 11300 17280000

I=

fzp = 0.86 * (1+ 0.5) = 1.29 mm

f1 = fpp + fzp = 0.285 +1.29
f1 = 1.58 mm < fadm= 6.74 mm
IV.

sectiunea PANEI CENTRALE va fi de 120 x 120 mm .

Calculul panei intermediare :

19

Incarcarea permanenta :
gp = 300 N/m2
d2 = 2.55 m = 2550 mm ( deschideri inegale d2 d2 )
cos = 0.848
n = 1.2
n1 = 1.1
- aleg lemn de rasinoase ( brad ) cu sectiunea de : 150 x 170 mm :
lemn=480 daN/m3 = 4800 N/m3
bp = 150 mm
hp = 170 mm
1

qpp = gp * n * d2 * cos + bp * hp * n1 *

lemn

=300 * 1.2 * 2.55 * 1.18 + 0.15 * 0.17 * 1.1 * 4800 =

1217.88 N/m
p
qp = 1218N/m

Incarcarea din zapada :

qzp = pzc * d2 = 2850 *2.55 = 7267.5 N/m
= 7268 N/m

20

Incarcarea utila :
P=1000N
N=1.2
Pp = P * n = 1000 * 1.2 = 1200 N
Ipoteza 1 !
q1 = qpp + qzp = 1217.88+ 7267.5 = 8485.38N/m
Ipoteza 2- nu se ia in considerare deoarece efectul de incovoiere
produs de incarcarea de 1200 N este mult mai mica decat incarcarea
uniform distribuita !
Calculul momentelor :

M1p =

q1p l c2
8486 2.55 2
=
= 6897 Nm
8
8

Verificarea capacitatii portante la incovoiere a panei intermediare :

Mpmax Mr ;
Mr = Rci * Wcalc * mTi
1

gpn = 300 N/m2 + bp * hp * 4800 * d

gpn = 300 + 0.15 * 0.17 * 4800 *
gz * ce = 1500 * 0.8 = 1200 N/m2
=

0.55 348 + 0.65 1200

= 0.63
348 +1200

Ric = 12.35 N/mm

21

1
2.55

= 348 N/m2

mTi = 0.9 ( lemn tratat pe suprafata )

Wef =

150 170 2
6

= 722500 mm3

Mr = Rci * Wcalc * mTi

Mr = 12.35 * 722500 * 0.9 = 8030587.5 Nmm
Mr = 8030.6 Nm 8030 Nm
Mcmax Mr ;
Mcmax = 6897 Nm Mr = 8030 Nm
Verificarea rigiditatii la incovoiere a panei intermediare :
fmax final fadm
lc = 3000 mm
fadm=

lc
200

2550
200

= 12.75 mm

Incarcarea permanenta :
1

gppny = gp * d2 * cos + bp * hp *
p n
p y

lemn

=300 * 2.55 * 1.18 + 0.15* 0.17 * 4800 = 1025.1 N/m

= 1026 N/m

Incarcarea din zapada :

gczny = cz * gz * ce *
Ce=0.8
CZ=1.25
gz=1500

* d2

0 = 1.15
d2 = 2.25

gczny = 1500 * 1.25 * 0.8 * 1.15 * 2.55 = 4398.75 N/m

gczny = 4399 N/m
22

Deformatiatii datorate incarcarilor permanente :

E= 11300 N/mm2
lc= 2550 mm
kpdef = 0.5
fpp = fpp inst * (1+ kpdef )
fpp inst =
I=

q p ,n l 4
5
p, y c
384
E Ix

b h3 150 170 3
=
12
12

fpp inst =

=61412500 mm4

5
1026 10 3 2550 4

384 11300 61412500

= 0.81 mm

fpp = 0.81 * (1+ 0.5) = 1.22 mm

Deformatiile datorate incarcarii din zapada :
E= 11300 N/mm2
lc= 2550 mm
kpdef = 0.5
fzp = fzc inst * (1+ kzdef )
fz

inst

q zp,,yn lc4
5

=
384
E Ix

b h3 150 170 3
=
= 61412500 mm4
12
12
5
4399
10 3 2550 4

fzp inst =
=3.49 mm
384 11300 61412500

I=

fzp = 3.49 * (1+ 0.5) = 5.24 mm

f1 = fpp + fzp = 1.22 + 5.24
f1 = 6.46 mm < fadm= 12.75 mm
- sectiunea PANEI INTERMEDIARE va fi de 150 x 170 mm .

Calculul popului central :

23

Incarcarea permanenta :
P
P

N =

g p n
cos

* d2 * t + bp * hp *

lemn

*n1*t +

2
d pop

* n1 *

gp=300N/m2
lemn=4800N/m2
n=1.2
n1=1.1
Se alege un pop cu diametrul de 12cm
hpop=3.20 - ( 0.15 + 0.12 ) = 2.93 m
cos =0.848
d2=2.25 m
hp=15cm
bp=12cm
t=2.10 m
NPP=

300 1.2
* 2.25
0.848
3.14 0.12 2
+
4

* 2.10 + 0.12 * 0.15 * 4800 *1.1*2.10

* 1.1 * 4800 * 2.93 =

NPP= 2005.9+ 200 + 174.88 = 2380.78N

24

lemn

* hpop

Incarcarea din zapada :

Nzp = pzc * d2 * t = 2850 * 2.25 * 2.10 = 13466.25N
Observatie 1 !
Incarcarea din vant nu se ia in considerare deoarece din calcul a rezultat suctiune .
Observatie 2 !
Incarcarea utila este nesemnificativa in comparative cu incarcarea din zapada
pentru calculul popului .
Ipoteze de incarcare :
N1P = NPP + Nzp = 2380.78+ 13466.25 = 15847.03 N
Verificarea popului central :
N1P = Nmax CR
CR = A calcul * RCC * mtc *
A calcul =

d 2
4

3.14 120 2
4

gperma = gp + bp * hp *
+

d 2
4

lemn

= 11304 mm2

1
t

* hpop *

+
lemn

gperma = 300 + 0.12 * 0.15 * 4800 *

+

3.14 0.12 2
4

1
t
1
2.10

1
d2

*
+

* 2.93 * 4800 *

1
2.25

gperma = 300 + 41.14 + 33.65

gperma = 374.79N
gz * ce = 1500 * 0.8 = 1200 N/m2
=

0.80 374 .79 + 0.85 1200

= 0.83
374 .79 +1200

Rccll=8.3 N/mm2

25

1
2.10

lf
i

i = 0.25 * dpop = 0.25 * 0.12 = 0.030m

lf = 2.93 - 0.8 = 2.13 m
=

lf
i

2.13
0.030

= 1 0.8 *

= 71 < 75

100

= 1- 0.8 *

71

100

= 0.60

CR= 11304 * 8.3 * 0.9 * 0.60 = 50665 N

Nmax = 15848 N << CR = 50665 N
-

sectiunea luat in calcul a POPULUI CENTRAL de 12 cm este suficienta .

Calculul popului intermediar :

Incarcarea permanenta :
NPP=

g p n
cos

* d2 * t + bp * hp *

lemn*n1*t +

2
d pop

* n1 *

gp=300N/m2
lemn=4800N/m2
n=1.2
n1=1.1
Se alege un pop cu diametrul de 12 cm
hpop=1.90 - ( 0.15 + 0.17 ) = 1.58 m
cos =0.848
d2 = 2.55 m
hp = 15cm
bp = 17cm
t = 2.10 m
NPP=

300 1.2
* 2.55
0.848
3.14 0.12 2
+
4

* 2.10 + 0.15 * 0.17 * 4800 *1.1* 2.10

* 1.1 * 4800 * 1.58 =

NPP= 2273.35 + 282.74 + 94.3 = 2650.4 N

Incarcarea din zapada :
26

lemn

* hpop

Nzp = pzc * d2 * t = 2850 * 2.55 * 2.10 = 15261.75 N

Observatie 1 !
Incarcarea din vant nu se ia in considerare deoarece din calcul a rezultat suctiune .
Observatie 2 !
Incarcarea utila este nesemnificativa in comparative cu incarcarea din zapada
pentru calculul popului .
Ipoteze de incarcare :
N1P = NPP + Nzp = 2650.4 + 15261.75 = 17912.15 N
Verificarea popului intermediari :
N1P = Nmax CR
CR = A calcul * RCC * mtc *
A calcul =

d 2
4

3.14 120 2
4

gperma = gp + bp * hp *
+

d 2
4

lemn

= 11304 mm2

1
t

* hpop *

+
lemn

gperma = 300 + 0.15 * 0.17 * 4800 *

+

3.14 0.12 2
4

1
t
1
2.10

1
d2

*
+

* 1.58 * 4800 *

1
2.55

gperma = 300 + 58.29 + 16.00

gperma = 374.30 N
gz * ce = 1500 * 0.8 = 1200 N/m2
=

0.80 374 .3 + 0.85 1200

= 0.83
374 .3 +1200

Rccll = 8.3 N/mm2

=

lf
i

i = 0.25 * dpop = 0.25 * 0.12 = 0.030m

27

1
2.10

lf = 1.58 - 0.8 = 0.78 m

=

lf
i

0.78
0.030

= 1 0.8 *

= 26 < 75

100

= 1- 0.8 *

26

100

= 0.95

CR= 11304 * 8.3 * 0.9 * 0.95 = 80218 N

Nmax = 17913 N << CR = 80218 N
-

sectiunea luat in calcul a POPULUI INTERMEDIAR de

12 cm este suficienta .

Calculul talpilor la strivire :

N QR
N - incarcarea provenita din pop ( incarcare verticala )
Q - capacitatea portanta a elementelor de lemn masiv cu sectiune simpla solicitate
la compresinne perpendiculara pe fibra .
- diametrul de calcul a talpii va fi de 12 cm
QR = AC * RCCII * mtc * mr
str

AC = A pop =

3.14 0.12 2
4

- 0.03*0.03 = 0.010404 m2 =10404 mm2

gperma = gp + bp * hp *

lemn

1
t

gperma = 300 + 0.12 * 0.15 * 4800 *

+

3.14 0.12 2
4

d 2
4
1
2.10

* hpop *

* 2.93 * 4800 *

1
2.25

gz * ce = 1500 * 0.8 = 1200 N/m2

0.80 374 .79 + 0.85 1200

= 0.83
374 .79 +1200

talpa se va realize din lemn de stejar ( salcam ) clasa 2 :

28

1
t

1
2.10

gperma = 300 + 41.14 + 33.65

gperma = 374.79N

lemn

1
d2

0.70 ..4.7
0.83x
0.855.7
x = 0.867
c
Rc =5.57 N/mm2
mtc=0.9
mr=coeficient de reazam
mr=1.6
Qr = 10404 * 5.57 * 0.9 * 1.6 = 83448 N
N1P = Nmax = 17913 N
N1P = 17913 N << Qr = 83448 N
- dimensiunea TALPII va fi de 12 cm.

29