CONJUNCTIA (THE CONJUNCTION) (lat.

: conjunctio, con = impreuna; junctio = legatura) Este partea de vorbire care leaga in propozitii cuvinte cu aceeasi functie sintactica, sau CLASIFICAREA CONJUNCTIILOR a) conjunctii simple: and, after, but etc. b) conjunctii compuse: however, unless etc c) conjunctii corelative: either ... or ...; neither. . . nor; both... and... ; in order to; as if ; as though upa functii conjunctiile sunt: CONJUNCTII COORDONATOARE (COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS) !onjunctiile coordonatoare leaga parti de propozitie cu aceeasi valoare sintactica sau propozitii de acelasi fel. CONJUNCTII COPULATIVE (COPULATIVE CONJUNCTIONS) and = si, iar " see a bo# and a girl. = $ad un baiat si o fata. %e went home and brought the boo&. = El a mers acasa si a adus cartea. as well as = precum si %e spea&s English as well as 'erman. = El vorbeste engleza precum si germana both . . . and = atat.... cat si ...... " li&e both English and 'erman. = "mi place atat engleza cat si germana. not onl# . . . but also = nu numai ... ci si ..... " li&e not onl# English but also 'erman. = "mi place nu numai engleza ci si germana. CONJUNCTII DISJUNCTIVE (DISJUNCTIVE CONJUNCTIONS) Conjunctiile di juncti!e e"#$i%& o &lte$n&ti!&' either . . . or = sau.... sau ....., fie..... fie.... %e can spea& either English or 'erman. = El stie sa vorbeasca fie engleza fie germana. neither . . . nor = nici.... nici..... " see neither him nor her. = (u)l vad nici pe el, nici pe ea. otherwise = altfel , altminteri *he boo& is e+pensive, otherwise it is ver# useful. = !artea este scumpa, altminteri este foarte utila. else (if not) = altfel (daca nu), or else = ca,caci altfel, ca daca nu %urr# up or (else) #ou will miss the train. = 'rabeste)te, (ca) altfel pierzi trenul. CONJUNCTII ADVERSATIVE (ADVERSATIVE CONJUNCTIONS) Conjunctiile &d!e$ &ti!e e"#$i%& cont$& tul' but = insa, dar; -e want to bu# a house but we don.t have mone#. = $rem sa cumparam o casa dar nu avem bani. however = insa, dar totusi " didn.t want to do it, however " did it. = ()am vrut s)o fac, dar am facut)o. nevertheless = totusi, cu toate acestea /athematics is difficult, nevertheless " li&e it. = /atematica este grea, totusi imi place. still = totusi, insa, dar, cu toate acestea "t is e+pensive, still ".ll bu# it. = Este scumpa, totusi o voi cumpara. while = whereas = pe cata vreme, in timp ce, pe cand 0our motorcar is old, while,whereas mine is new. = /asina ta este veche, pe cand a mea e,este noua. #et (nevertheless) = totusi, cu toate acestea *hese goods are e+pensive, and #et people bu# them. = 1ceste marfuri sunt scumpe si totusi lumea le cumpara. CONJUNCTII CONCLUSIVE (ILLATIVE CONJUNCTIONS) Conjunctiile conclu i!e e"#$i%& o conclu(ie' accordingl# = in consecinta, deci, prin urmare, ca atare " found the boo& " needed and accordingl# " bought it. = 1m gasit cartea, de care aveam nevoie si, in consecinta am cumparat)o. conse2uentl# = in consecinta, asadar, prin urmare
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" found the boo& interesting, conse2uentl# " bought it. = 1m gasit cartea interesanta, asadar am cumparat)o. so = asadar, de aceea, prin urmare, astfel ca, asa ca " considered the boo& important, so " bought it. = 1m considerat cartea importanta, astfel ca am cumparat)o. therefore = astfel c1, deci, de aceea, asadar, prin urmare, in consecinta " didn.t find them in the par&, therefore " went home. = (u i)am gasit in parc, asadar am plecat acasa. CONJUNCTII CAU)ALE (CAUSAL CONJUNCTIONS) for = caci, pentru ca, intrucat, deoarece, fiindca "t is ver# hot for it is 1ugust. = Este foarte cald caci este august. 3unt rare insa cazurile cand se intalnesc in engleza vorbita astfel de e+emple,cazuri cu for cauzal. CONJUNCTII SU*ORDONATOARE (SU*ORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS) Conjunctiile u+o$don&to&$e le&,& o u+o$don&t& de $e,ent& &' CONJUNCTII DE LOC (CONJUNCTIONS OF PLACE) where = unde 0ou must come here where " live. = *rebuie sa vii aici unde locuiesc,traiesc eu. wherever = oriunde -e.ll live wherever it is possible. = $om trai oriunde va fi posibil. as far as = pana unde , la " shall,will go as far as #ou go. = $oi merge pana unde mergi tu. whence = de unde ".m going there whence #ou are coming. = /erg acolo de unde vii tu. CONJUNCTII DE TI-P (CONJUNCTIONS OF TI-E) after = dupa, dupa ce " came after #ou had left. = 1m venit dupa ce ai plecat tu. = 1m venit dupa ce plecasei tu. before = inainte de a " must put down #our telephone number before " forget it. = *rebuie sa)mi notez numarul tau de telefon inainte de a)l uita. the first time = prima data,oara cand " realized he was a serious man the first time " saw him. = /i)am dat seama ca este om serios cand l)am vazut prima data . all the time = tot timpul cat -e are laughing all the time we are watching the pla#. = 4adem tot timpul cat privim piesa. as long as = cat timp 1 man must learn as long as he lives. = 5n om trebuie sa invete cat timp traieste. as soon as = de indata ce, imediat ce " must find out the truth as soon as " arrive. = *rebuie sa aflu adevarul imediat ce sosesc. since = de cand " haven.t seen him since he was a student. = (u l)am vazut de cand era el student. ever since = chiar de cand " relized he was a good man ever since " met him. = /i)am dat seama ca este om bun chiar de cand l)am cunoscut. till = until = pana cand, pana ce, pana la, pana sa, pana 0ou must wait till the# come. = *rebuie sa astepti pana vin ei. when = cand " shall tell #ou ever#thing when #ou come. = "ti voi povesti totul cand vei veni. whenever = ori de cate ori " realize she is an e+cellent singer whenever " listen to her. = 6mi dau seama ca este o cantareata desavarsita ori de cate ori o ascult. while = cat timp, in timp ce -hile there is life, there is hope. = 7mul spera cat traieste. the moment = in momentul ,clipa in care " recognized him the moment " saw him. = 8)am recunoscut in clipa in care l)am vazut. the ver# moment = chiar in momentul,clipa in care
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" understood the real state of things the (ver#) moment " entered their house. = 1m inteles adevarata stare a lucrurilor (chiar) in momentul in care am intrat in casa lor. CONJUNCTII DE -OD (CONJUNCTIONS OF -ANNER) Conjunctiile de %od int$oduc u+o$don&te %od&le' as = cum, asa cum, dupa cum, intocmai cum, in acelasi fel in care %e tal&s as he thin&s. = $orbeste cum gandeste. %e &nows man# things #oung as he is. = El stie multe lucruri asa tanar cum este. as if = as though = ca si cand, de parca, parca sa %e opend his mouth as if to sa# something. = 1 deschis gura parca sa spuna ceva. %e greeted us as if he &new us. = (e)a salutat ca si cand ne)ar cunoaste. not so . . . as . . . = nu asa de . . . ca . . . 0our house is not so big as " thought. = !asa ta nu este asa mare cum am crezut. as . . . as = la fel de ...ca.., tot asa de ca.... 3he sang the song as beautifull# as she could. = Ea a cantat cantecul cat a putut de frumos. so much as = asa de mult cat,ca " do not li&e tennis so much as he does. = /ie nu)mi place tenisul asa de mult cat lui. so far as = in masura in care 0ou will bu# the house so far as #ou can afford it. = $ei cumpara casa in masura in care iti poti permite. CONJUNCTII DE CAU)A (CONJUNCTIONS OF CAUSE) Conjunctii de c&u(& int$oduc u+o$don&tele c&u(&le' because = for the reason that = pentru ca, pentru motivul ca , deoarece , intrucat " bought the ball because it was cheap. = 1m cumparat mingea pentru ca era ieftina. seeing that = vazand ca 3eeing that it was raining " entered the house. = $azand ca ploua am intrat in casa. since = intrucat, deoarece, caci 3ince it is raining, " must ta&e m# umbrella. = "ntrucat ploua, trebuie sa)mi iau umbrela. now that = acum ca, deoarece (ow that " have come " shall,will drin& a cup of coffee. = 1cum ca am venit, voi bea o ceasca cu cafea. CONJUNCTII DE SCOP (CONJUNCTIONS OF PURPOSE) Conjunctiile de co# int$oduc u+o$don&tele .in&le' in order to,that = cu scopul de a, ca sa -e have come to school in order to learn. = 1m venit la scoala ca sa invatam. lest (9 should) = ca sa nu *urn on the light lest #ou should &noc& #our head against smth. : = 1prinde lumina ca sa nu te lovesti cu capul de ceva : so that = asa incat, ca sa *urn on the light so that " can see better : = 1prinde lumina ca sa pot vedea mai bine : CONJUNCTII CONCESIVE (CONJUNCTIONS OF CONCESSION) Conjunctiile conce i!e int$oduc u+o$don&tele conce i!e' though = although = desi, cu toate ca " shall,will go there although it is late. = $oi merge acolo desi este tarziu. even if = chiar daca " shall go there even if it is ver# late. = $oi merge acolo chiar daca este foarte tarziu. however (much) = oricat de (mult) 0ou must bu# it however much it costs. = *rebuie s)o cumperi indiferent cat de mult costa. no matter how = nu conteaza cat,cum, indiferent cat,cum 0ou must read it no matter how borring it is. = *rebuie s)o citesti indiferent cat de plictisitoare este. ;oring as it is #ou must read it. = <lictisitoare asa cum este trebuie s)o citesti. in spite of = in ciuda
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%e succeeded in spite of all the difficulties that he came across. = El a reusit in ciuda tuturor dificultatilor pe care le)a intampinat. in spite of the fact that = in ciuda faptului ca, desi, chiar daca *he# failed in spite of their efforts. = 1u esuat in ciuda eforturilor lor. notwithstanding = desi, in ciuda,pofida faptului ca *he# failed notwithstanding the efforts the# made. = Ei au dat gres in ciuda, pofida eforturilor pe care le)au facut. CONJUNCTII CONDITIONALE (CONJUNCTIONS OF CONDITIONAL) Conjunctiile condition&le int$oduc u+o$don&tele condition&le' if = daca " shall not come if " don.t have time. = (u voi veni daca nu voi avea timp. if onl# = doar,numai daca " shall come if onl# " have time. = $oi veni doar daca voi avea timp. on condition that = cu conditia ca " shall come on the condition that " have time. = $oi veni cu conditia ca voi avea timp. provided that = cu conditia ca " shall come provided that " have time. = $oi veni cu conditia ca voi avea timp. if and onl# if = daca si numai daca " shall come if and onl# if " have time. = $oi veni daca si numai daca voi avea timp. as long as = atat timp cat, daca " shall not give #ou the mone# as long as #ou don.t tell me the truth. = (u)ti voi da banii atata timp cat nu)mi vei spune adevarul. but = daca nu ;ut for =ohn, " would have gone. = aca n)ar fi fost =ohn as fi mers. unless = daca nu " shall not give #ou the mone# unless #ou tell me the truth. = Eu nu)ti voi da banii daca nu)mi vei spune adevarul. CONJUNCTII CONSECUTIVE (CONJUNCTIONS OF RESULT) Conjunctiile con ecuti!e int$oduc u+o$don&tele con ecuti!e' so . . . that . . . = asa de . . . incat . . ., that = incat,ca; " lent #ou the boo& so that #ou could read it. = ti)am imprumutat cartea ca s)o poti citi. such . . . that . . . = asa,astfel de . . . incat,ca . . . 3uch was the force of the wind that we could not stand. = 1sa mare era forta vantului ca noi nu puteam sta in picioare. CONJUNCTII ATRI*UTIVE (ATTRI*UTIVE CLAUSE CONJUNCTIONS) Conjunctile &t$i+uti!e int$oduc u+o$don&tele &t$i+uti!e &u $el&ti!e' that = care, pe care, de care (pentru persoane si lucruri) *his is the boo& that " need. = 1ceasta este cartea de care am eu nevoie. %e is the man that,who &nows us. = El este omul care ne cunoaste pe noi. who (pronume relativ) = care %e is the man who &nows us. = El este omul care ne cunoaste. whose = al, a, ai, ale cui,carui,carei,caror %e is the pla#wright whose pla#s are eternal. = El este dramaturgul ale carui piese sunt eterne. to whom = who(m) . . . to = caruia, careia, carora *he bo#, to whom " must give this boo&, is m# friend. = *he bo#, who(m) " must give this boo& to, is m# friend. = ;aiatul, caruia eu trebuie sa)i dau aceasta carte, este prietenul meu. whom , that = pe care (pentru persoane) *he bo#s, whom,that #ou see, are =ohn.s friends. = ;aietii, pe care ii vezi, sunt prietenii lui =ohn. which , that = care, pe care (pentru lucruri) *he house, which,that #ou see, is mine. = !asa, pe care o vezi, este a mea. CONJUNCTII SU*IECTIVE ( SU*JECT CLAUSE CONJUNCTIONS) Conjunctiile u+iecti!e int$oduc u+o$don&tele u+iecti!e' t/&t 0 c& *hat we have to wor& hard is a necessit#. = !a trebuie sa muncim mult este o necesitate. 1/o 0 cine2 c&$e -ho &nows the truth is not here. = !ine stie adevarul nu este aici. 1/&t 0 ce -hat " li&e is not to be found here. = !e)mi place mie nu se gaseste aici.
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1/en 0 c&nd -hen he comes depends on the weather. = !and vine el depinde de vreme. 1/3 0 de ce2 din ce c&u(& -h# he has come is a m#ster#. = e ce a venit el este un mister. 1/&t ' ' ' .o$ 0 .o$ 1/&t 0 #ent$u ce >or what he has come is a m#ster#. = <entru ce a venit el este un mister. /o1 0 cu% %ow he has done it is a m#ster#. = !um a facut)o este un mister. 1/e$e 0 unde -here we shall go is a m#ster#. = 5nde vom merge este un mister. 1/e$e!e$ 0 o$iunde -herever we went would be a m#ster#,secret. = 7riunde am merge ar fi un mister,secret. 1/ene!e$ 0 o$i de c&te o$i -henever we went would be a m#ster#. = 7ri de cate ori am merge ar fi un mister. 1/o e 0 &l2 &2 &i2 &le -hose this boo& is is a m#ster#. = 1 cui este aceasta carte este un mister. 1/&t 4ind 5 o$t o. 0 ce .el de -hat &ind , sort of man he is is a m#ster#. = !e fel de om este el este un mister. 1/ic/ 0 c&$e -hich boo& " must bu# is a m#ster#. = !are carte trebuie s)o cumpar este un mister. 1/ic/ o. 0 c&$e dint$e -hich of us will travel b# train is a secret. = !are dintre noi va calatori cu trenul este secret. CONJUNCTII CO-PLETIVE (O*JECT CLAUSE CONJUNCTIONS) t/&t 0 c& 0ou did not tell me that #ou would come earlier. = (u mi)ai spus ca vei veni mai devreme. !onjunctia that se poate omite: " &new #ou were ver# bus#. = 3tiam ca esti foarte ocupat. ALTE CUVINTE DE LEGATURA for instance = for e+ample = de e+emplu,pilda one = o data 7ne, #ou would have more spare time. = 7 data, ai avea mai mult timp liber. two = doi, in al doilea rand *wo, #ou would be better paid. = oi, ai fi mai bine platit. 3econdl#, and far more importantl# . . . = "n al doilea rand, si mult mai important . . . and to conclude . . .= si in incheiere first , firstl# = in primul rand, mai intai second , secondl# = in al doilea rand third , thirdl# = in al treilea rand to conclude = in incheiere , concluzie for a start = pentru inceput " want to begin b# sa#ing that. = $reau sa incep prin a spune (spunand) ca. 1nother thing is that . . . = 1lt lucru este ca . . . -hich is far more important. = !are este cu mult mai important. *here is still another thing. = /ai este inca un lucru. *he final thing " must sa# is . . . = 5ltimul lucru pe care trebuie sa)l spun este . . . *he second,third reason is . . . = 1l doilea,treilea motiv este . . . 1lso, it.s not . . . = e asemenea, nu este . . . 0ou didn.t read that boo&. = " didn.t read it either. = (either did ". = *u nu ai citit cartea aceea. = (ici eu n)am citit)o. ?0ou are in a hurr#.? ?"ndeed we are.? = @ $oi va grabiti. (e grabim, intr)adevar; @ a, asa este; @ 3igur ca da. *hat reminds me of . . . = 1sta imi aminteste de . . . ;# the wa#. = ;# the b#. = 1propo. "n a word, briefl#. = "ntr)un cuvant, pe scurt. /# conclusion is that . . . = !oncluzia mea este ca . . . *hat is. = *hat is to sa#. = 1dica *his is another wa# of putting it. = 1ceasta este un alt fel,mod de a)l spune, e+prima. 3uch an e+ample would be . . . = 5n astfel de e+emplu ar fi 1s a result...= conse2uentl#... = !a urmare; in consecinta...
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*he conse2uence was that . . . = !onsecinta,urmarea a fost ca . . . *he conse2uence of his being late was that . . . = !onsecinta,urmarea intarzierii lui a fost ca . . . in other words = cu alte cuvinte in that case = in cazul acela if so = daca e asa if not = daca nu " would rather sa# = as spune,zice mai degraba a wa# of putting it = un fel de a spune a better wa# of putting it = un fel mai bun de a zice "t would be better to . . . = 1r fi mai bine sa. A. on the one hand , side = pe de o parte; on the other hand , side = pe de alta parte on the contrar# = dimpotriva b# contrast = prin contrast 7f course, he . . .= esigur, el . . . %e is , of course.... = El este, desigur... it is true that = este adevarat ca *here is little doubt about that. = Este putina indoiala in privinta aceasta,aceea. *here is no doubt about that. = (u este nici o indoiala in acest sens. *he truth is that . . . = 1devarul este ca . . . %e will even read it. = El o va si citi. = El chiar o va citi. ?%e li&es to spend his holida#s at the seaside?. ?3o do we?. = 8ui ii place sa)si petreaca vacanta la mare. @ 3i noua. ?-e are at the seaside?. ?3o am "?. = @ (oi suntem la mare. @ 3i eu. ?%e can spea& >rench?. ?3o can we?. = @ El stie sa vorbeasca frantuzeste. @ 3i noi. ?%e cannot spea& >rench?. ?(either can we?; ?-e can.t either?. = @ El nu stie sa vorbeasca frantuzeste. @ (ici noi. the first reason = primul motiv, prima cauza the first suggestion = prima sugestie %e feels so bad toda#. = El se simte asa (de) rau azi,astazi. " do not feel that bad. = Eu nu ma simt asa (de) rau. " e+pected it to be this big. = /)am asteptat sa fie asa de mare. in the same wa# as = in acelasi fel ca much similar to = mult asemanator cu *he girl other than =ane. = 1lta fata decat =ane; 1lta fata in afara de =ane.

Conjunctiile

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