I1.

PIRAMIDA PATRULATERA REGULATA PROBLEME REZOLVATE

1. O piramida patrulatera regulataVABCD are, apotema VM=6cm si diagonala bazei
AC=62cm. Se cere: a) Aria laterala, aria totala, volumul; b) Distanta de la centrul bazei la o
fata laterala si distanta de la centrul bazei la o muchie laterala; c) Unghiul dintre fata laterala si
planul bazei; d) Sinusul unghiului dintre muchia laterala si planul bazei; e) Fie un punct P pe
muchia VB. Determinati lungimea segmentului BP astfel incit perimetrul APC sa fie minim.
V
V
V
V
6

35

33

33

P
D

C O

O
A

32

Pbap
Abh
a) Al= ; At= Al + Ab ; V=
2
3

M
B

AB

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AC=l2 l2 = 62 l=6 AB=6cm ; OM= = OM=3cm

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2

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B A

M'

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In VOM,O=90 VO2 = VM2 OM2 = 36 9 = 27 VO=33cm

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InVOB,O=90 VB2 = VO2 + OB2 = 27 + 18 = 45 VB=35cm

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466

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Al= =72cm2 ; Ab=l2=62=36cm2 ; At=72+36=108cm2 ; V= =363cm3.

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3

r
p

b) (VOM)^(VBC) VM = latura comuna d(O;(VBC)) = d(O;VM) = OE (OE^VM)

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VOOM
333
33
In VOM,O=90 OE= = OE= cm
VM
6
2

tt p

VOOB 3332
330
OF^VB d(O,VB)=OF. In VOB,O=90 OF== OF=cm.
VB35

c)(VBC)(ABCD)=BC
VM^BCVM(VBC)
((VBC)(ABCD))= (VMOM)= (VMO)
OM^BCOM(ABCD)
VM
In VOM,O=90, OM= m(OVM) = 30 m(VMO)=60.
2

d) OB este proiectia lui VB pe planul ABCD (VB;(ABCD)) = (VB;OB) = (VBO)

VO
33
15
In VBO,O=90 sin(VBO) = = sin(VBO) =
VB

35

e) APCesteisoscelcuAP=PC.Perimetrulesteminimcind AP minim AP^VB

VM'AB 66 125
In VAB APVB=VM'AB AP===cm
VB35

1445180
65
InAPB,P=90 PB =AB AP =36= PB=cm.
2525
5
2

a
c
ti

2)FieopiramidapatrulateraregulatadevirfVsibazaABCD.TriunghiulVACesteechilateral
dearie183cm2. Secere:a)AriatotalasivolumulpiramideiVABCD b)DistantadelaBla
planul (VDC) c) Sinusul unghiului dintre muchia VB si planul (VDC) d) sinusul unghiului
dintreplanele(VAD)si(VBC).

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VV

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P
Q

36373662

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O 3
V

MO

DC

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NOM

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AB

VA23

NOMQB

VA23

4183
2

a) AriaVAC= =183 VA = VA=62cm siAC=62cm

4

AC=AB2 AB2=62 AB=6cm OM=3cm

VA3

623

InVABechilateral,VOinaltime VO== VO=36cm

22

InVOM,O=90 VM2=VO2+OM2=54+9=63 VM=37cm. Ariabazei=AB2 =36cm2

Pbap

4637

Arialaterala===367cm2 Ariatotala=Ab+Al=(36+367)=36(1+7)cm2
2
2
Abh

3636

Volumul===366cm3.
3
3

b)ConstruiescBP^VCsiDP^VC,darBPsiDP (BPD) VC ^ (BPD)

ConstuiescBQ ^ DP,darBQ (BPD)siVC ^ (BPD) VC ^ BQ BQ ^ VC

a
c
ti

DinBQ ^ DPsiBQ ^ VC BQ ^ (VDC) d(B(VDC))=BQ.

Pentruacalculamaiusordistantascriemvolumul piramideiVBDCin2moduri:

AriaBDCVO
BQAriaVDC=VOAriaBDC BQ=
AriaVDC

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AriaABCD

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VMBC376

AriaBDC==18cm2 AriaVDC=AriaVBC===97cm2
2
22

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1836
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BQ= BQ=cm
97

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c)BQ^(VDC)siV(VDC) proiectialuiVBpe(VDC)esteVQ (VB(VDQ))=(VBVQ)=BVQ

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QB642 1
21
InVQB, Q=90 sin(BVQ)== sin(BVQ)=

:
p

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VB762

d)VM ^ BCVN ^ ADBCAD ((VBC)(VAD))= (VMVN)= (MVN)

VONM366642
InVNM NN'VM=VONM NN'===cm
VM37
7
NN'642
1
26
InVN'N, N'=90 sin(N'VN)== sin(N'VN)=
VN737

3.PiramidapatrulateraregulataSABCDaretoatemuchiilecongruentesiarialaterala363cm2.
Secere:
a)Ariatotalasivolumulpiramidei.
b)PozitiaunuipunctMpemuchiaVCastfelincataria DMDBsafieminima.
c)DacaMestelamijloculmuchieiVCcalculatiunghiuldintreplanele(MDB)si(CDB)
d)Sinusulunghiuluidintreplanele(SBC)si(SAC).
e)Sinusulunghiuluidintredouafeelateralealaturate
REZOLVARE
SSS

33

32632

a
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DCN

NO
33

A
M

t
a

32

m
e

E 33

AB

D 32O32 B

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a)Deoarecemuchiilepiamideisuntcongruente feelelateralesunt D echilaterale

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l23
Arialaterala=4=l23 l23=363 l2 =36 l=6cm AB=6cmSA=6cm
4

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AB6AC62
Apotemabazei=ON===3cmAC=l2=62cmAO===32cm
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In DSOAdr. SO =SA AO SO =62(32)2 =3618=18 SO= 18 SO=32cm

In DSONdr. SN =SO +NO2 SN2 =(32)2 +32 =18+9=27 SN= 27 SN=33cm

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Ariabazei=l2 Ariabazei=36cm2

Ariatotala=Arialaterala+Ariabazei=363+36=36(3+1)cm2
Ariabazeiinaltimea

3632

Volumul===362cm3
3
3
BDMO
b) DMBDesteisoscel MOesteinaltimeatriunghiului.Aria DMBD=
2
DeoareceBDesteconstanta ariaesteminimadacainaltimeaMOesteminima
MOesteminimadacaMO ^ SC

Deoarece D SOCestedreptunghicisoscel inlatimeaMOestesimedianain D SOC

MestelamijloculmuchieiSC
c) ((MDB)(CDB))
(MBD)(CDB)=BD
MO ^ BDMO (MBD)
CO ^ BDCO (CDB)

((MBD)(CDB))= (MOCO)= (MOC)

In DMOCdr.inMcum(MCO)=45 m (MOC)=45 m ((MBD)(CDB))=45

d)sin ((SBC)(SAC))
(SBC)(SAC)=SC
BM ^ SCBM (SBC)
OM ^ SCOM (SAC)

((SBC)(SAC))= (BMOM)= (BMO)

a
c
ti

OB
l363
In DMOBdr.inO sin (BMO)= OB=OA=32cm MB===33cm
MB22

3226
6
sin (BMO)=== sin (BMO)=
33 33
3
e)sin ((SDC)(SBC))

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(SDC)(SBC)=SC
DM ^ SCDM (SDC)
BM ^ SCBM (SBC)

((SDC)(SBC))= (DMBM)= (DMB)

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MODB
In DDMBisoscelconstruiescDE ^ MB DEMB=MODB DE=
MB

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3626266
DE====26 DE=26cm
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DE26218232 22
In DMEDdr.inE sin (DME)=====
DM3333
333
22
sin (DMB)=
3