MODULUL II Engleza mediu

Cand folosim MAKE si cand folosim DO

Folosirea lui MAKE

Folosirea lui DO

1. make se foloseste atunci cand creem, construim,

preparam ceva palapabil, NU se foloseste pentru activitati.
make food - a face mancare
make coffee a face cafea
make a mess a face mizerie
make a cup of tea a face ceai

1. do se foloseste cand prestam o activitate zilnica,

nepalpabila
do homework a face temele
do a job a face o treaba
do the ironing a calca
do the dishes a spala vasele

He made a tasty bread.

El a facut o paine gustoasa.

2. make este asociat intotdeauna cu o decizie practica

First, do your homework, and then you can

go out.
Mai intai, fa-ti temele, si apoi poti merge
afara.
2. do este asociat intodeauna unei idei, teorii

I usually make about 50 sit ups in the morning.

De obicei fac 50 flotari dimineata.

I ususally do the cleaning on Saturday Morning.

De obicei fac curat sambata dimineata.

3. make este folosit in expresii standard formate din verbul

make + susbtantiv:
make a copy a face o copie
make a change a face o schimbare
make a comment a face un comentariu
make a date with girl / boy a se intalni cu o fata / baiat
make a demand a face o cerere
make a decision a lua o decizie
make a deal a face o intelegere
make a guess a face o presupunere
make a mistake a face o greseala
make a movement a face o deplasare
make a promise a face o promisiune
make a remark - a face o remarca
make a request a face o cerere
make a reservation a face o rezervare
make a speech a tine un discurs
make a telephone call a da un telefon
make an appoiment with a stabili o intalnire cu
make an accusation a face o acuzare
make an effort a face un efort
make an estimate a face o estimare
make an excuse a se scuza
make an impression a face o impresie
make an offer a face o oferta
make arrangements a face aranjamente
make friend a face prieteni
make noise a face zgomot
make money - a face bani
make plans a face planuri
make your bed ( aftre you get up ) a-ti face patul
( dupa ce te trezesti )

3. do este folosit in expresii standard formate din

verbul do + susbtantiv:
do an activity a face o activitate
do a course a face o cursa
do a dance a face dansuri
do a job a face un serviciu
do a favour a face o favoare
do a lesson a studia o lectie
do a paper a scrie o hartie
do a problem a rezova o problema
do a service a face un serviciu
do the acting a face teatru
do the cleaning - a face curat
do the dishes a spala vasele
do the ironing a calca
do the shopping a face cumparaturi
do the trick a faec un truc
do aerobics a face aerobic
do business a face afaceri
do drugs a folosi droguri
do exercises a face exercitii
do good a face bine
do housework a face treburi casnice
do harm a face rau
do justice a face dreptate
do your best a face totul pentru
do your duty a-ti face datoria
do your hair a-ti aranja parul
do ( some ) damage a face paguba
do ( some ) research a face investigatii
do some work a face o treaba
do right / do wrong a face bine / rau

Ill make an exception this time.

Could you do me a favor and watch my bags?

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MODULUL II Engleza mediu

Voi face o exceptie de aceasta data.

4. ---------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------

5. -----------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------

Poti sa-mi faci o favoare sa te uiti la bagajele mele?

4.do se foloseste cand vorbim de lucruri generale,
vagi sau activitati nedefinite folosind in acest caz:
something,
nothing,
anything,
everything etc.
John does everything by hand he is amazing!
John face totul cu mainile este uimitor!
5.do intareste uneori intelesul verbului pe care-l
determina
Yes, I do tell you the truth.
Da, ti-am spus adevarul.

Important!
Folosirea lui DO se face si pentru activitati variate terminate in ing cum ar fi do some gardening, do some
thinking, do some painting, etc.
Retineti!
Pentru a nu mai fi in dificultate si a intelege cat mai bine cand il folosim pe MAKE si cand pe DO retineti
urmatorul exemplu:
Do the shopping. - A face cumparaturi. explicatie: noi chiar nu creem nimic, noi doar facem o activitate.
Make a cake. - A face o prajitura. explicatie: noi chiar creem ceva.

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MODULUL II Engleza mediu

Axa timpurilor
Perfect
Past
Present

Past simple

Present simple

Future 1 - 2

continuous

Prezentul perfect simplu ( The Present Perfect Simple )

Prezentul perfect simplu se refera la o actiune inceputa in trecut si continuata pana in prezent sau savarsita in
trecut si legata intr-un fel sau altul de momentul vorbirii.

I. Prezentul perfect simplu se formeaza astfel:

1. Afirmativ:
Subiect + Have / Has + Verb col III ( participiu trecut ) + restul propozitiei neschimbata.
You have heard a noise. - Tu ai auzit un zgomot.

2. Interogativ:
Have / Has + Subiect + Verb col III ( participiu trecut ) + restul propozitiei neschimbata
Have you heard a noise? - Ai auzit un zgomot?

3. Negativ:
Subiect + Have / Has + Not + Verb col III ( participiu trecut ) + restul propozitiei neschimbata.
You havent heard a noise. - Tu nu ai auzit un zgomot.

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II. Prezentul perfect exprima:

1. O actiune care a avut loc in trecutul recent si care are rezultate in prezent
Im afraid I have lost my wallet. I cant find it anywhere. Mi-e teama ca mi-am pierdut portofelul. Nu-l pot
gasi nicaieri..

2. O actiune din trecut care se poate repeta si in prezent sau chiar in viitor
My brother has written a book of poems. Fratele meu a scris o carte de poezii.

3. O actiune care tocmai s-a incheiat si este legata de momentul prezent.

In acest caz se folosesc adverbe si expresii precum: just, already, yet, lately, recently, till now, so far,
the last few hours / days etc.
Im worried because I havent received any letter from my sister so far.

R:

Sunt ingrijorat pentru ca nu am primit pana acum nici o scrisoare de la sora mea.

Atentie !
a. Just se foloseste numai in propozitii afirmative.
The postman has just come. Postasul tocmai a venit.

b. Yet se foloseste in:

propozitii interogative pentru a afla daca actiunea a avut loc, fara a ne interesa timpul in care
s-a petrecut actiune si nu se traduce in romana.
Has the postman come yet? A venit postasul?
propozitii negative traducandu-se prin inca
The postman hasnt come yet. Postasul nu a venit inca.
c. Already se foloseste in:

propozitii afirmative accentuandu-se idea ca actiunea a avut loc.

The postman has already come. Postasul a venit dj.

propozitii interogative exprimand mirarea ca a avut loc actiunea.

Has the postman already come? A venit dj postasul?

4. O activitate care a avut loc in mod frecvent in trecut pana in prezent, cu rezultate in prezent.
In acest caz se folosesc adverbele de timp nehotarat: never, ever, sometimes, often, seldom, always,
usually.
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Have you ever met George? L-ai intalnit vreodata pe George?

Atentie !
Adverbele de timp nehotarat: never, ever, sometimes, often, seldom, always, usually pot fi folosite
si la trecutul simplu, daca se refera la situatii fara nici o legatura cu prezentul.
We always got on well together when we were young. Intotdeauna ne impacam bine cand eram
tineri.

5. O actiune desfasurata intr-o perioada de timp bine definita, terminata sau continuand in momentul
vorbirii, poate chiar si-n viitor
In acest caz se folosesc adverbe si expresii precum: since, for, how long,
Atentie !
a. Since introduce fie un complement sau o propozitie circumstantiala de timp, care se refera la momentul
inceperii actiunii ( trecut ).
I have known George since last month. Il cunosc pe George de luna trecuta.

b. For introduce fie un complement circumstantial de timp si arata durata perioadei de timp, terminate sau
continuand si in prezent, in care se desfasoara actiunea.
I have known George for a few weeks. Il cunosc pe George de cateva saptamani.

6. O actiune savarsita intr-o perioada incompleta de timp.

In acest caz se folosesc adverbe de timp precum: today, this morning, this afternoon, this evening,
this week, this month etc.
I have met George this morning. L-am intalnit pe George in aceasta dimineata.

Atentie !
This morning se foloseste cu verbul la prezentul perfect numai pana la ora 12.
This afternoon se foloseste cu verbul la prezentul perfect pana la asfintit.

Prezentul perfect continuu ( The Present Perfect Continuous )

Prezentul perfect continuu se refera la o actiune inceputa in trecut si a caror consecinte se vad si pot continua
in prezent.

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I. Prezentul perfect continuu se formeaza astfel:

1. Afirmativ:
Subiect + Have / Has + Been + Verb infinitiv + terminatia ing + restul propozitiei neschimbata.
I have been taking driving lesson for a month. Iau lectii de condus de o luna.

2. Interogativ:
Have / Has + Subiect + Been + Verb infinitiv + terminatia ing + restul propozitiei neschimbata
How long have you been taking driving lesson? De cat timp iei lectii de condus?

3. Negativ:
Subiect + Have / Has + Not + Been + Verb infinitiv + terminatia ing + restul propozitiei neschimbata
You havent been taking driving lesson lately. In ultima vreme nu ai m-ai luat lectii de condus.

II. Prezentul perfect continuu se foloseste pentru:

1. A accentua continuitatea unei actiuni pentru o perioada mai lunga de timp pana in momentul vorbirii:
Please excuse my dirty hands. I have been digging the garden. Te rog sa ma ierti ca am mainile
murdare. Am sapat in gradina.
2. O actiune inceputa in trecut si continuata neintrerupt in prezent:
We have been talking since the meeting started. Stam de vorba de cand a inceput sedinta..

Cuvinte si sinonimele acestora

Cuvant

Sinonim

Traducere

to cope
to wonder
to wander

to manage
to ask
to walk

a se descurca, a administra
a se intreba, a se minuna
a se plimba
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to fail
nowadays
to fulfil
conducive
the appropriate
average
to hang out
to use to
to rent
yard
to concern
folks
kid
block
flat
to nurture
to cherish
to clear up
bond
whether
anxious
date
data
short look
make an excuse
carefully
lately
briefly
find out
look into
look for
loot at
look after
look over
hear about
hear from
glance through
to pay a visit
to pay attention
to pay back
to pay off
to pay off
to persuate

not to succeed
thesedays
to achive
the proper for
the proper for
the middle part
to relax
to do usually
to hire
garden
to worry
people
child
street
apartment
to bring up
to appreciate
to bring home
link
if
eager
meeting
information
glance
make apologize
simpathetically
a long time ago
shorthly
to discover
to investigate
to search
to pay attention
take care
to check
to know
to have news about
have a look
to go on a visit
to be atendive
to revenge
to finish
to come to an end
to convince

a esua
acum, in zile noastre
a duce la indeplinire
propice, potrivit
propice, potrivit
medie
a se relaxa, a pierde timpul
a obisnui sa
a inchiria, a se angaja
gradina
a se ingrijora
oameni
copil
strada
apartament
a creste, a educa
a aprecia
a lamuri
legatura
daca, in orice caz
nerabdator
intalnire
informatii
ocheada, privire scurta
a se scuza
cu atentie
in ultima vreme
pe scurt
a afla
a investiga
a cauta
a fi atent
a avea grija
a verifica
a auzi
a sti despre
a se uita peste
a face o vizita
a fi atent
a plati cuiva ( o polita )
a finaliza
a finaliza
a convinge

Expresii si sinonimele acestora

Expresie

Sinonim

Traducere

as far as I know

-------------------------

din cate stiu eu

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MODULUL II Engleza mediu

meanwhile
in a while
as soons as
well get a new brand
in a blue moon
to be blue
waste of time
the time is right for me
ill cross the stream
both as .... and as
holiday open house
to make to talk
to make an excuse
to make an appoitment
to be looking forward to

------------------------immediately
shortly
-----------------------never
homesickness
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------to have a talk with
to apologize
to arrangement
------------------------

intre timp
imediat
imediat
a lua de la capat
niciodata
a fi nostalgic
pierdere de vreme
este timpul meu
voi trece peste probleme
atat .... cat si
cu usile deschise
a face conversatie
a-si cere scuze
a face un aranjamnet

there is no use
to strike a deal
to take a seat
in the day
many happy returns of the day
looke here!
not at all
i beg your pardon
to get on well
here you are
do you mind?
to make up ones mind
above all
to have a touch of
on ones way to
to lose ones way
to have a rest
on the one hand
in spite of
tanks awfully
is good enough for me
if you ask me
to bear out
whats the matter?
to bear out
glance through

-----------------------come to agreement
sit down
----------------------happy birthday
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------to decide
on the first time
----------------------------------to get lost
-------------------------------------------------------------------sufficient
my opinion
to confirm
happened
to confirm
have a look

nu are sens sa
a ajunge la o intelegere
a lua loc
in timpul zilei
la multi ani
asculta!
de loc, nicidecum
scuzati-ma
a se impaca bine
poftim
te superi?
a se hotara
in primul rand
a fi atins de
in drum spre
a se rataci
a se odihni
pe de o parte
in ciuda
multumesc foarte mult
imi este suficient
dupa mine, dupa parerea mea
a confirma
ce s-a intamplat?
a confirma
a arunca o privire peste

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