MINISTERUL EDUCATIEI AL REPUBLICI MOLDOVA

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Catedra Sisteme informationale

Lucrare de laborator Nr.1

La Informatic
Varianta16
Tema :Metoda grafica de separare a solutiilor ecuatiilor

Data _______________
_______________
(semnatura prof.)
________________
(semnatura elev.)

A efectuat el gr.I-0212

JurjaVitalie

A verificat profesorul

Pnzaru Zinaida
Chisinau 2014

Scopul lucrrii:

A cunoaste algoritmul metodei grafice de separare a solutiilor

A aplicaalgoritmulmetodei la rezolvarea problemelor..
A compunesi a pune in executieprogramecerezolvametoda respective.
Condiialucrarii:
Se consideraecuatia: (ecuatiacorespunzatoarevariantei). Sa se
desenezegraficulfunctieipesegmentul [a,b].
3
13. x -5x-3=0

Listingulprogramului:
program lab1;
usescrt;
constnmax=60;
ymax=20;
deplas=15;
typeecran=array[0..21,0..78] of char;
valorireal=array[1..nmax] of real;
valoriintreg=array[1..nmax] of integer;
vargraf: ecran;
y:valorireal;
ynorm:valoriintreg;
a,b : real;
i,j,liniezero: integer;
function f(x:real):real;
begin f:=(x*x*x)-(5*x)-3; end;
procedurecalcul(a,b:real ; var z:valorireal);
var h:real;
begin h:=abs(b-a)/(nmax);
for i:=1 to nmax do z[i]:=f(a+(i-1)*h);
end;
procedurenormare(varfz:valoriintreg; z:valorireal);
var max, delta:real;
begin
max:=abs(z[1]);
for i:=2 to nmax do

if abs(z[i])>max then max:=abs(z[i]);

delta:=(ymax div 2)/ max;
for i:=1 to nmax do fz[i]:=round(z[i]*delta);
end;
proceduremodeleazagrafic(var g:ecran);
beginfillchar(g,sizeOf(g),' ');
for i:=deplas to nmax+deplas-1 do
g[ymax div 2 - ynorm[1+i-deplas],i]:='*';
g[0,1]:='^';
g[0,3]:='y'; for i:=1 to 20 do g[i,1]:='|';
g[liniezero,nmax+deplas+1]:='>';
for i:=deplas to nmax +deplas do g[liniezero,i]:='-';
g[liniezero,nmax+deplas+2]:='X';
clrscr;
for i:=0 to 20 do
begin for j:=0 to 78 do write(g[i,j]);
writeln;
end;
gotoxy(15,23);write('a=',a:0:3);
gotoxy(70,23);write('b=',b:0:3);
gotoxy(1,25); write('Alt interval (D)a / (N)u');
end;
begin repeat clrscr;
write('Introduextremitatileintervalului:');
readln(a,b);
calcul(a,b,y);
normare(ynorm,y);
liniezero:=ymax div 2;
modeleazagrafic(graf);
untilupcase(readkey)='N';
end.

Rezultatele:
^y
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*******
****
****
------------------------------------------------------------->X
**
***
**
**
**
***
**
**
*
***
**
****
***
*********
a=-2.000

b=2.000

Alt interval (D)a / (N)u

^y
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*
*
**
*
*
**
**
***
------------------------------------------------------------->X
****
*********
**
**
*
**
*
*
*
*
*
a=-5.000

Alt interval (D)a / (N)u

b=5.000

^y
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********
------------------------------------------------------------->X
*****
*****
****
****
****
*****
****
*****
******
*****
a=-1.000

b=1.000

Alt interval (D)a / (N)u

Concluzii:
Efectuind lucrearea am insusit metoda grafica de separare a solutiilor
ecuatiilor.Elaborind laboratorul am insusit algoritmul metodei grafice de separare a
solutiilor. Am elaborate un program care deseneaza graficul functiei pe segmental
[a,b] .