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Axa prioritar 5 Promovarea masurilor active de ocupare. Domeniul major de intervenie 5.1 Dezvoltarea si implementarea masurilor active de ocupare.
Titlul proiectului:Oportunitati sporite pentru someri si persoanele in cautarea unui loc de munca, din regiunile Centru si Nord-Vest, pentru participarea viitoare pe o piata a
muncii moderna, flexibila si inclusiva. Nr. Contractului:POSDRU/125/5.1/S/126058.
Curs de formare profesional

COMUNICARE N LIMBA ENGLEZ
NIVEL INIIERE
CONSILIUL JUDEEAN ALBA

Centrul Regional de Resurse pentru Ocupare i Formare Profesional
C.U.I 4562583
FURNIZOR DE FORMARE PROFESIONAL A ADULILOR
NR. 01/ 366/ 16.07.2014
AUTORIZAIE seria AB nr.000864
INFO
Proiect cofinantat din FONDUL SOCIAL EUROPEAN prin Programul Operaional Sectorial Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 20072013 Investete n oameni !
1. RECEPTAREA MESAJULUI ORAL N COMUNICARE

UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION
FORMULE DE SALUT / GREETINGS
Salutul este aciunea de a comunica, prin care persoanele fac intenionat cunoscut
prezena, unii altora./ Greeting is an act of communication in which human beings intentionally
make their presence known to each other.
A saluta = a saluta sau ntampina ntr-o maniera preietenoas i respectuas, a se adresa
cu o formul de salut
To greet = to salute or welcome in a friendly and respectful way, to address with some
form of salutation.
Cele mai uzuale formule de salut sunt urmtoarele / The most common greetings are:
Good morning! = Bun dimineaa!

good = bun, bine
morning = dimineaa
Good afternoon! = Bun ziua (la prnz spre dup-amiaz)
afternoon = dup-amiaz
Good evening! = Bun seara!
evening = seara
Good night! = Noapte bun!
night = noapte
Salutul formal / Formal greeting

How do you do? = Bun ziua! V salut!; Srut mna!; mi pare bine! ncntat de
cunotin!
Salutul informal / Informal greeting
Hello, how are you? = Bun, ce mai faci? (Cum mai eti?)
Fine, thanks. And you? = Bine, mulumesc. i (Dar) tu?
fine = bine, bun, frumos, plcut, minunat
to thank = a mulumi
thanks = mulumesc
S spunem La revedere / Saying goodbye
Goodbye = la revedere
Bye! = Pa
Bye for now = Pa, pe curnd.
now = acum
See you tomorrow = Pe mine
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to see = a vedea
tomorrow = mine
See you soon! = Pa, pe curnd.
soon = curnd
See you! = Pa (ne vedem)
PREZENTAREA PROPRIEI PERSOANE / TALKING ABOUT YOURSELF
Hello, my name is Tom. = Bun, numele meu este Tom.

hello = bun
name = nume
What is your name? = Care este numele tu?
what = ce, care
Who are you? = Cine eti tu?
who = cine
Where are you from? = De unde eti tu?
where = (de) unde
I am from Romania = Eu sunt din Romnia.
from = din
Where do you live? = Unde locuieti tu?
I live in Alba = Locuiesc n Alba.
to live = a tri, a locui
What is your job? = Care este meseria ta? (slujba ta acum)
job = ocupaia, slujba, etc.
What do you do (for a living)? = Ce faci/lucrezi (ca sa-ti castigi existena)?
for = pentru
living = existen, trai, mod de via
I am a journalist. = Sunt jurnalist.
journalist = ziarist
How old are you? = Ce vrst ai? Ci ani ai?
old = in varsta de, btrn
What is your age = Ce vrst ai?
age = vrst
I am 24 (years old) = Am 24 de ani.
year = an
A FACE CUNOTIN / MAKING INTRODUCTIONS

This is.and this is= Acesta este.si acesta este
this = acesta, aceasta
May I introduce..= mi dai voie s v prezint?

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to introduce = a prezenta
Let me introduceto you = Lsai-m s va prezint pe

Glad to meet you = Sunt bucuros s te cunosc
to meet = a cunoate
glad = bucuros
Pleased to meet you = ncntat s te cunosc

pleased = ncantat
Nice to meet you = mi pare bine

How do you do = mi pare bine. Bun ziua(ca rspuns)
FONETICA/ALFABET / PHONETICS / THE ALPHABET

A [ei]
G [di]
M [em]
S [es]
X [eks]
B [bi]
H [eit]
N [en]
T [ti:]
Y [wai]
C [si]
I [ai]
O [u]
U [ju:]
Z [zed]
D [di]
J [dei]
P [pi:]
V [vi:]
E [i:]
F [ef]
K [kei]
L [el]
Q [kju:]
R [ar]
W [dbl ju:]
Simbolurile fonetice ne folosesc pentru a nelege mai bine cum se pronun un

cuvnt atunci cnd l vedem n dicionar. / We need phonetic symbols to understand better how to
pronounce a word when we see it in the Dictionary.
IPA
i:
u:
a
a
e
o
examples
cup, luck
arm, father
cat, black
met, bed
away, cinema
turn, learn
hit, sitting
see, heat
hot, rock
call, four
put, could
blue, food
five, eye
now, out
say, eight
go, home
boy, join
where, air
near, here
pure, tourist
IPA examples
b bad, lab
d did, lady
f
find, if
g give, flag
h how, hello
j
yes, yellow
k cat, back
l
leg, little
m man, lemon
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p
r
s
t
t
v
w
z
no, ten
sing, finger
pet, map
red, try
sun, miss
she, crash
tea, getting
check, church
think, both
this, mother
voice, five
wet, window
zoo, lazy
pleasure, vision
just, large
ARTICOLUL / THE ARTICLE

Pentru ca un substantiv s capete nteles ntr-o propozitie, acesta trebuie s fie nsotit de
un articol. n limba englez articolele se pot clasifica astfel: / In order to make sense in a
sentence, a noun must be accompanied by an article. In English articles can be classified as:
Definite article - the

Indefinite article - a or an
Folosim articolul hotrat the, cand ne referim la un lucru care a mai fost meionat
nainte, care este unic sau cand ne referim la un lucru n particular. / We use the definite
article when referring to something that has been mentioned before, which is unique, or when we
refer to a particular thing.
The newspaper = ziarul ( acela )

The girl = fata ( aceea )
The bird = pasrea ( aceea )
The man who wrote this book is famous. = Omul care a scris acest carte este faimos.
The president will be speaking on TV tonight. = Preedintele va vorbi la televizor
desear.
The only tea I like is black tea. = Singur ceai care mi place este cel negru.
Folosim articolul nehotrit a/an, cand ne referim la un lucru pentru prima oar i cand
ne referim la un lucru n general. / We use the indefinite article a / an, when we refer to
something for the first time or when we refer in a general way.
Folosim articolul a sau an n funcie de prima liter a urmatorului cuvant. Folosim
articolul a atunci cand urmatorul cuvant ncepe cu o consoan. Articolul an l folosim atunci
cand urmatorul cuvant ncepe cu o vocal (a,e,i,o,u) sau cu h mut. / We use one or the other,
depending on the first letter of the word following the article. We use a when the next word starts
with a consonant and use an when the next word starts with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u) or with a mute h.
a mountain = un munte
a dog = un cine
a cat = o pisic
a wall = un perete
a boy = un biat
an apple = un mr
a car = o main
a helicopter = un elicopter
an elephant = un elefant
a big elephant = un mare elefant
a university = o universitate
an hour = o or
John is a doctor. = John este doctor.
I've got a good job. = Am gsit un loc de munc bun.
FAMILIA / THE FAMILY

family = familie
child = copil
children = copii
parent = printe
daughter = fiic
son = fiu
brother = frate
sister = sor
husband = so
wife = soie
father = tat
mother = mam
grandfather =bunic
grandmother = bunic
7
grand son = nepot
grand daughter = nepoat
aunt =mtu
uncle = unchi
niece = nepoat (de mtu)
nephew= nepot
relatives = rude
people = lume
person = persoan
know = a cunoate
stranger = necunoscut
foreigner = strin,
twins = gemeni
eldest = cel mai n vrst dintre frai
cousin = verisor/ verisoara
brother-in-law = cumnat
sister-in-law = cumnat
step-father = tat vitreg
step mother = mam vitreg
father-in-law = socru
mother-in-law = soacr
ACTIVITI ZILNICE / DAILY ACTIVITIES
I get up in the morning.

to get up = a se trezi
morning = dimineaa
I take a shower.
to take a shower = a face du
I get dresses.
to get dressed = a se mbraca
I have breakfast.
to have breakfast = a lua micul dejun
I drink coffee.
to drink = a bea
coffee = cafea
I go to work.
to go = a merge
work = munc, loc de munc
I start work at 9.
to start = a ncepe
I eat lunch at noon.
to eat = a manca
lunch = pranz
noon = amiaz
I go to a meeting.
meeting = ntalnire
I finish work at 5.
to finish = a termina
I arrive home at 6.
to arrive = a ajunge
I cook dinner.
to cook = a gti
dinner = cina
I watch TV.
to watch = a privi
I meet a friend.
to meet = a ntalni
a friend = un prieten
I walk the dog.
to walk = a merge, a plimba
dog = caine
I read a book.
to read = a citi
9
a book = o carte
I study.
to study = a studia, a nvata
I play tennis.
tennis = tenis
I do housework chores.
housework = treburi casnice
chore = treab casnica
I go to bed.
bed = pat
ZILELE SPTMANII / DAYS OF THE WEEK
Monday = luni
Tuesday = mari
Wednesday = miercuri
Thursday = joi
Friday = vineri
Saturday = smbt
Sunday = duminic
-
Ill visit you on Sunday = Te vizitez duminic

Ill visit you on Friday = Te vizitez vineri
tomorrow = mine
the day after tomorrow = poimine
after = dup
next week = saptmna viitoare
week = saptmna
next Sunday = duminica viitoare
yesterday = ieri
the day before yesterday = alaltieri
before = nainte
last week = saptmna trecut
last = ultima, cel din urm
last Sunday = duminica trecut
LUNILE ANULUI / MONTHS OF THE YEAR
January = ianuarie
February = februarie
10
March = martie
April = aprilie
May= mai
June = iunie
July = iulie
August = august
September = septembrie
October = octombrie
November = noiembrie
December = decembrie
-
Ill be back in June. = M voi ntoarce n iunie

Ill be back in April. = M voi ntoarce n aprilie
next month = luna viitoare

last month = luna trecut
ANOTIMPURILE / SEASONS
spring = primvar
summer = var
autumn = toamn
winter = iarn
-
Im going to Portugal in the winter.
next summer = vara viitoare

last winter = iarna trecut
11
2. DEZVOLTAREA CAPACITATII DE EXPRIMARE ORALA

DEVELOPING VERBAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS
DESCRIEREA CASEI / DESCRIBING YOUR HOUSE
The kitchen is the room or part of a room used for cooking and food preparation =
buctria este o camera sau parte dintr-o camer folosit la gatit
The bedroom is the room where people sleep = dormitorul este camera de odihn
The bathroom is the room for personal hygiene = baia este camera folosit pentru igiena
personal
The cellar is the room underneath the house = pivnta este ncaperea aflat sub cas
The attic is the room below the roof = podul este ncaperea plasat sub acoperiul unei
case
The dining room is the room where people eat = sufrageria, camera n care se ia masa
The hall/ corridor is the entrance passage to a house = holul este camera n care se intra
prima dat ntr-o cas
The guest room is the room where guests sleep = camera de oaspei este camera n care
acetia pot dormi
The garage is designed or used for storing a vehicle or vehicles = garajul este destinat
vehiculelor
The living room/ Lounge / Sitting room = camera de zi, sufragerie
12
living room
bedroom
kitchen
corridor
dining room
staircase
bathroom
garden
balcony
attic
swimming pool
roof
13
house = cas
computer = calculator
desk = birou
bath = cad de baie
toilet = toalet
shower = du
pillow = pern
duvet = cuvertur
carpet = covor
window = geam
fridge = frigider
microwave = cuptor cu microunde
sink = chiuvet
cupboard = bufet
cooker = masin de gtit
floor = podea
door = u
clock = ceas
stairs = scri
telephone = telefon
mirror = oglind
TV = televizor
table = mas
chair = scaun
lamp = lamp
armchair = fotoliu
curtain = perdea
bed = pat
sofa = canapea
14
oven = cuptor
ceiling = tavan
staircase = scri
garden = grdin
balcony = balcon
swimming pool = piscin
roof = acoperi
light = lumin
radiator = radiator
furniture = mobil
place = loc
office = birou
shelf = raft
central heating = nclzire central
bookshelf = rafturi de cri
SUBSTANTIVUL / THE NOUN

Substantivul denumete obiecte n sens foarte larg, adic fiinte, lucruri, locuri. / A noun
is a word that functions as the name of living creatures, objects, places.
Substantivele din limba englez pot fi clasificate din mai multe puncte de vedere:
Dup form
simple:
- boy = baiat
- meal = masa
- day = zi
- dog = caine
compuse (formate din dou elemente):
- childhood = copilarie
- schoolboy = elev
- classroom = coleg
Dup continut:
comune; denumesc:
- un element dintr-o categorie de obiecte de acelai fel: table, school
- mai multe elemente de acelai fel: family, people
nume proprii:
- persoane: Churchill
- localitti, tri, continente, ape, munti: London, Romania, Europe,the Danube,
The Alps
- diviziuni temporale, srbtori : January, Sunday, Independence Day
- nume de crti, ziare, reviste: Hard Times, The Sunday Times
15
- nume de institutii: the Grand Hotel, the British Museum

Not: n limba englez substantivele proprii se scriu cu liter mare, inclusive numele de
nationaliti i limbi.
He speaks English. = El vorbete englezete.
We are Romanians. = Noi suntem romani.
Dupa numar:
Din punct de vedere al ideii de numr, substantivele n limba englez pot fi:
- numrabile
- nenumrabile
A. Substantivele numrabi1e au atat plural, cat i singular:
a boy two boys
museum museums
child children
Exist dou forme de plural:
plural regulat (pluralul regulat se formeaz prin adugarea lui -s la forma de
singular)
- book books (carte)
- table tables (mas)
- boy boys (biat)
- class classes (clas)
- nose noses (nas)
pluralul neregulat: ( se formeaza dupa diferite reguli)
- th devine -ths: bath baths (baie) ; mouth mouths (guri)
- f; -fe devin -ves: half halves (jumtate); knife knives (cuit)
- schimbarea vocalei: - man men (brbat)
- woman women (femeie)
- foot feet (picior)
- tooth teeth (dinte)
- mouse mice (soarece)
- terminaia en :
- ox oxen (bou);
- child children (copil)
- aceeai form la singular i plural:

- series (serie)
- species (specie)
- sheep (oaie)
- deer (cprioar)
16
B. Substantive nenumrabile au form nemodificat, deci au form doar de

singular sau doar de plural:
numai form de singular:
- sugar = zahr
- wisdom = ntelepciune
- bread = paine
- butter = unt
- food = mancare
- fruit = fructe
-gold = aur
- silver = argint
- advice = sfat
- information = informaie
Not: Pentru a delimita anumite cantitti se folosete:
numai form de plural:
- compasses = compas
- glasses = ochelari
- scissors = foarfec
- jeans = gini
- trousers = pantaloni
Not: Aceste substantive se numr cu ajutorul cuvantului pair:
- a pair of scissors = o pereche de foarfece
- a pair of trousers = o pereche de pantaloni
- a pair of glasses = o pereche de ochelari
Not: Exist numeroase substantive folosite doar cu form de plural, de regul
terminate in s:
- arms = arme
- manners = purtare
- damages = despgubiri
- regards = salutri
- remains = resturi
- fireworks = foc de artificii
- savings = economii
- archives = arhiv
- goods= marf, bunuri
Dupa gen:
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n limba englez genul substantivelor se identific de obicei cu ajutorul pronumelor care

se refer la ele i care au forme diferite dup gen:
Un substantiv este de genul masculin daca se poate nlocui cu pronumele personal el. / A
noun is said to be in the Masculine gender if can be replaced with the pronoun he.
- he el
- boy = biat
- man = brbat
- father = tata
- husband = so
- dog = caine
- author = autor
Un substantiv este de genul feminin daca se poate nlocui cu pronumele personal ea. / A
noun is said to be in the Feminine gender if can be replaced with the pronoun she.
- she ea
- girl = fat
- woman = femeie
- mother = mam
- aunt = matu
- actress = actri
Un substantiv este de genul neutru daca se poate nlocui cu pronumele personal it. / A
noun is said to be in the Neuter gender if can be replaced with the pronoun it.
- it neutru
- book = carte
- pen = stilou
- lamp = lamp
- house = cas
- school = coal
- TV = televizor
Un substantiv este de genul comun daca poate exprima atat obiecte, lucruri de genul
feminine cat i de genul masculin. / A noun is said to be in the Common gender if it can express
both feminine and masculine gender.
- parents = parinti
- baby = copil
- driver = ofer
- teacher = profesor
- person = persoan
PRONUMELE / THE PRONOUN
Pronumele este partea de vorbire care ine locul unui substantiv
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Prunumele se mparte astfel:

1. Dup form:
simplu: I, you, he, she, which, what, who
compus: myself, yourself, somebody, anyone, each other, whatever, the same
2. Dup continut:
PERSONAL: indic diferite persoane, are forme n funcie de numr i caz.
n limba englez, I (eu) se scrie ntotdeauna cu majuscul.
He speaks English better than I do = El vorbete englezeste mai bine decat mine.
Disctincie de gen (masculin, feminin sau neutru) se face doar cu pronumele
persoanei a III-a singular.
n limba englez exist pronume de politete ca in limba roman. You poate
insemna atat tu, voi cat si dumneata, dumneavoastr, in functie de context. La
fel, he, she pot insemna el, ea sau dumnealui, dumneaei.
It poate aprea i n construcii impersonale ca:
It rains. Plou.
It is cold. E frig.
It is late. E tarziu.
It is important to... Este important s...
It does not matter if... Nu conteaz dac...
POSESIV: dup cum am observat din tabelul anterior, pronumele posesive sunt,
de fapt, genitivele pronumelor personale.
DEMONSTRATIV: indic distana n spaiu sau timp a unui obiect fa de un alt
obiect sau identitatea acestuia cu sine nsui (pronumele i adjectivul demonstrativ
au forme identice).
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- pentru apropiere: this (acesta, aceasta) / these (acestia, acestea)

- pentru deprtare: that (acela, aceea) / those (aceia,acestea)
RELATIV: se refer la un substantiv sau inlocuilor al acestuia care a fost deja
mentionat si face astfel legtura intre cele dou propozitii:
Pronumele relative sunt:
- who care (pentru persoane)
- which care, care dintre (atat pentru persoane, cat si pentru lucruri)
- that care (atat pentru fiine, cat si pentru lucruri)
INTEROGATIV: Pronumele interogative in locul substantivelor sau pronumelor ateptate ca
rspuns la intrebare.
- who cine (pentru persoane)
- what ce (pentru lucruri)
- which care (selecteaz dintr-un grup de fiinte sau lucruri)
- Who are you? Cine eti / sunteti?
- What have you got there? Ce ai acolo?
- Which is the best? Care dintre ei este cel mai bun?
REFLEXIV: Pronumele reflexiv nlocuieste obiectul asupra cruia se exercit
aciunea verbului. Apare dup cuvantul pe care l accentueaz i are sens de
ntrire.
- myself eu nsumi
- yourself tu nsui
- himself el nsui
- herself ea nsi
- itself el, ea nsui/nii (pentru lucruri)
- oneself el nsui (cu sens impersonal)
- ourselves noi nine
- yourselves voi niv
- themselves ei nii / ele nsele
NEHOTRT: nu ofer nici o indicaie precis asupra obiectului.
- some ceva, cateva, nite. De obicei, apare n propoziii afirmative, dar
poate aprea n ntrebri, atunci cand se exprim o rugaminte, o dorint sau o ofert.
- any ceva, nite, caiva, cateva, unii, unele, vreun, vreo, oarecare. Apare
n ntrebri sau n propozitii negative.
- no nici un, nici o, nu. Apare n propoziii negative (verbul la afirmativ).
- none (no one) nici unul, nici una. Apare n propoziii negative
Where is the ink? I'll take some. Unde e cerneala? Am s iau puin.
Any will do. Oricare e bun.
I haven't any. Nu am deloc.
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Not: Spre deosebire de limba roman, n limba englez nu este posibil existena
a dou negaii n aceeai propoziie: se poate nega fie verbul, fie subiectul sau obiectul.
I didnt see anybody = I saw nobody. N-am vzut pe nimeni.
Some, any si no ajut la formarea urmtoarelor pronume compuse:
someone cineva, careva
somebody cineva
something ceva
anyone oricare, careva, nimeni
anybody cineva, oricine, nimeni
anything ceva, orice, nimic
no one nici unul/una
nobody nimeni
nothing nimic
VERBUL / THE VERB

Verbul este partea de vorbire care exprim o aciune ( a aduce, a citi, a merge, a alerga, a
nvaa ), o ntamplare ( a se ntampla, a deveni ) sau o stare./ A verb expresses an action (bring,
read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being
Dup form, verbele pot fi:
regulate, formand trecutul simplu (Past Simple) i participiul trecut (Past Participle) prin
adugarea terminaiei -(e)d la forma de infinitiv:
to ask asked asked = a ntreba
to talk talked talked = a vorbi
to open opened opened = a deschide
neregulate, cu forme identice sau total diferite la trecutul simplu i participial trecut:
to be was been = a fi
to get got got = a obtine
to shut shut shut = a inchide
Dup coninut, verbele se pot clasifica dup cum urmeaz:
auxiliare (ajuttoare): to be, to have, to do,shall, will, should, would
Aceste verbe nu au nteles independent, neputand fi traduse, i schimb forma n

funcie de modul, timpul, persoana i numrul cerute, n timp ce verbul de conjugat rmane
invariabil.
TO DO formeaz negativul i interogativul timpurilor prezent i trecut.
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TO BE formeaz aspectul continuu, mpreun cu participiul prezent -ing: formeaz

diatez pasiv impreun cu participiul trecut (-ed, la verbe regulate; a treia form, la verbe
neregulate).
TO HAVE formeaz timpurile perfecte, mpreun cu participiul trecut (-ed sau forma aIII-a a verbului).
SHALL, WILL formeaz timpul viitor.
SHOULD, WOULD formeaz modul conditional i modul subjonctiv analitic
modale: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to, will, would, dare,
need.
Aceste verbe nsoesc ntotdeauna un alt verb, cruia i modific sensul: dac verbul
comun exprim o actiune propriu-zis, n prezena verbului modal capt o nuan deosebit (o
aciune imaginar, posibil).
comune (obinuite), care prezint cele trei forme (infinitiv, trecut simplu, participiu
trecut).
To be = a fi
Forma afirmativa
I am (Im) = eu sunt
You are (Youre) = tu eti
He is (Hes) = el este
She is (Shes) = ea este
It is (Its) = el, ea ( obiecte) este
We are (Were) = noi suntem

You are (Youre) = voi suntei
They are (Theyre) = ei/ ele sunt
Forma negativ
I am not-Im not = eu nu sunt
You are not -You arent = tu nu eti
He is not -He isnt = el nu este
She is not Shs not = ea nu este
It is not Its not = el, ea ( obiecte) nu este
We are not- We arent = noi nu suntem

You are not- You arent = voi nu suntei
They are not- They arent = ei/ele nu sunt
Interogativ-afirmativ
Am I ? = sunt eu?
Are you? = eti tu?
Is He,She,It? = este el, ea, el/ea (pentru obiecte)?
Sg.
Rspuns
Yes I am /No Im not
22
Are we? = suntem noi?

Are you? = suntei voi?
Are they? = sunt ei/ ele?
Yes you are /No you are not

Yes He(She,It) is /No it isnt
Pl.
Yes we are / No we arent

Yes you are /No youre not
Yes they are/No they are not
Interogativ-negativ
Am I not-ArenI?
Are you not-Arent you?
Is he(she,it)not-Isnt he(she,it)?
Are we not-Arent we?

Are you not-Arent you?
Are they not-Arent they?
Funciile verbului TO BE
Verb auxiliar pentru formarea aspectului comun
Ex:
Iam reading = eu citesc
Verb auxiliar pentru formarea diatezei pasive
Ex:
Iam seen = eu sunt vzut
Verb modal: To be to -a urma s,a trebui s,a fi s
Ex:
Iam to read = trebuie(urmeaz)s citesc
Verb principal atunci cnd este urmat de un adverb de loc
Ex:
We are at home = noi suntem acas
They are in the park = ei sunt n parc
Verbele regulate se conjug la timpul prezent, folosind aceeai form a verbului la
aproape toate pesroanele cu excepia persoanei a treia singular ( he, she, it ), unde se adaug
verbului terminaia -s / -es.
To ask = a intreba
Forma afirmativa
I ask = eu intreb
You ask = tu intrebi
He / She / It asks = el/ea intreab
We ask = noi intrebam
You ask = voi intrebai
They ask = ei/ele intreab
La forma negativ, la persoana a treia singular, terminatia s/-es dispare. Forma negativ
a verbului se construiete cu ajutorul verbului -to do
Forma negativ
23
I do not ask = eu nu ntreb

You do not ask = tu nu ntrebi
He / She / It does not ask = el/ea nu ntreab
We do not ask = noi nu ntrebm
You do not ask = voi nu ntrebai
They do not ask = ei/ ele nu ntreab
Forma interogativ
Do I ask? = ntreb eu?
Do you ask? = ntrebi tu?
Does he / she / it ask? = ntreaba eel/ea?
Do we ask? = ntrebam noi?
Do you ask? = ntrebati voi?
Do they ask? = ntreab ei/ele?
To play = a se juca
Forma afirmativ
I play = eu m joc
you play = tu te joci
He/ She/It plays el/ea se joac
We play = noi ne jucm
You play = voi va jucai
They play = ei/ele se joac
Forma negativ
I do not play = eu nu m joc
You do not play = tu nu te joci
He/She/It does not play = el/ea nu se joac
We do not play = noi nu ne jucm
You do not play = voi nu va jucai
They do not play = ei/ele nu se joac
Forma interogativ
Do I play? = m joc eu?
Do you play = te joci tu?
Does he/she/it play? = se joac el/ea?
Do we play? = ne jucm noi?
24
Do you play? = v jucai voi?

Do they play? = se joac ei/ele?
NUMERALUL / THE NUMERAL

Numeralul reprezint partea de vorbire care exprim o cifr, numrul sau ordinea
obiectelor. / The numeral expresses a number, or the order of the objects
Numeralul se mparte n:
A.
Numeralul cardinal / the cardinal numeral
0 zero = zero
1 one = unu
2 two = doi
3 three = trei
4 four = patru
5 five = cinci
6 six = ase
7 seven = apte
8 eight = opt
9 nine = nou
10 ten = zece
11 eleven = unsprezece
12 twelve = doisprezece
13 thirteen = treisprezece
14 fourteen = patrusprezece
15 fifteen = cincisprezece
16 sixteen = aisprezece
17 seventeen = aptesprezece
18 eighteen = optsprezece
19 nineteen = nousprezece
20 twenty = douzeci
30 thirty = treizeci
40 forty = patruzeci
50 fifty = cincizeci
60 sixty = aizeci
70 seventy = aptezeci
25
80 eighty = optzeci
90 ninety = nouzeci
Numele zecilor se leag de unitai direct, cu ajutorul unei liniue de unire:
21 twenty-one = douzeci i unu

35 thirty-five = treizeci i cinci
68 - sixty-eight = aizeci i opt
79 seventy-nine = aptezeci i noua
89 - eighty-nine = optzeci i noua
Sutele se formeaz adugand dupa numr cuvantul "hundred", iar miile se formeaz
adugand cuvantul "thousand".
100 one hundred = o sut

700 seven hundred = sapte sute
1000 - one thousand = o mie
3000 three thousand = trei mii
Numeralele care denumesc sute, mii sau milioane sunt legate prin "and" de cele care
denumesc zeci i uniti.
115 - a/one hundred and fifteen = o sut cincisprezece

735 - seven hundred and thirty-five = sapte sute treizeci si cinci
3008 - three thousand and eight = trei mii opt
B. Numeralul ordinal / the ordinal numeral
Numeralul ordinal exprim ordinea obiectelor sau locul unui obiect ntr-o serie. / The
ordinal numeral expresses the order of the items or the place of an object in a series .
In general, se formeaz prin adugarea terminatiei -th, la numeralul cardinal, cu
exceptia primelor trei:
first = primul, prima
second = al doilea, a doua
third = al treilea, a treia
1 - the first (the 1st) = primul
2 - the second (the 2th) = al doilea
3 - the third (the 3rd)= al treilea
4 - the fourth (the 4th) = al patrulea
5 - the fifth (the 5th) = al cincilea
6 - the sixth (the 6th)
7 - the seventh (the 7th)
8 - the eigth (the 8th)
26
9 - the ninth (the 9th)

10 - the tenth (the 10th)
11 - the eleventh (the 11th)
12 - the twelfth (the 12th)
13 - the thirteenth (the 13th)
14 - the fourteenth (the 14th)
15 - the fifteenth (the 15th)
16 - the sixteenth (the 16th)
17 - the seventeenth (the 17th)
18 - the eihteenth (the 18th)
19 - the nineteenth (the 19th)
20 - the twentieth (the 20th)
21 - the twenty-first (the 21st)
30 - the thirtieth (the 30th)
32 - the thirty-second (the 32nd)
40 - the fortieth (the 40th)
43 - the forty-third (the 43rd)
50 - the fiftieth (the 50th)
54 - the fifty-fourth (the 54th)
60 - the sixtieth (the 60th)
65 - the sixty-fifth (the 65th)
70 - the seventieth (the 70th)
80 - the eightieth (the 80th)
90 - the ninetieth (the 90th)
100 - the hundredth (the 100th)
101 - the hundred and first (the 101st)
1000 - the one thousandth (the 1000th)
CALENDARUL/ THE CALENDAR
Exprimarea datei se poate face astfel:

- British English: 2/ 08/ 10 = 2(nd) August 2010
- American English: 08/ 2/ 10 = August 2(nd) 2010
EXPRIMAREA OREI / EXPRESSING TIME
Momentele zilei (Parts of the day)

- in the morning = dimineaa
- in the afternoon = dup-amiaza
- in the evening = seara
- at night = noaptea, seara
- at midday = la prnz
- at midnight = la miezul nopii
27
a.m i p.m
- midnight to midday = a.m 1.00 a.m midnight = 12.00 a.m.
- midday to midnight = p.m 4,45 p.m midday = 12.00 p.m
Exprimarea orei
- ora 3 fix = three oclock
- 3 i 5 = five past three
- 3 i 10 = ten past three
- 3 i un sfert = a quarter past three
- 3 i 20 =twenty past three
- 3 i 25 = twenty-five past three
- 3 i jumtate = half past three
- 4 fr 25 = twenty-five to four
- 4 fr 20 = twenty to four
- 4 fr un sfert =a quarter to four

- 4 fr 10 = ten to four
- 4 fr 5 = five to four
- 3.12 =twelve minutes past three
- 3.43 = seventeen minutes to four
- a quarter = un sfert
- half = jumatate
Cum ntrebm ct e ceasul (Asking the time)
28
Whats the time?

Its five oclock. (E ora cinci)
What time is it?
Its twenty to nine (E nou fr douzeci)
PREPOZITIA / THE PREPOSITION
Prepozitia reprezint partea de vorbire care face legtura ntre dou cuvinte diferite din
punct de vedere sintactic: substantivul i articolul su, verb i complementul su. / The
preposition connects two different words syntactically.
n limba englez, prepozitiile uzuale sunt:
about despre
above deasupra
across peste
after dup
against mpotriva
along de-a lungul
among printre
around n jurul
at la
behind n spatele
below sub
beside alturi
between ntre
beyond n afar
by lang, de ctre
concerning privind
despite n ciuda
down jos
except n afar de
for pentru, de
from de la
in n
into n
inside n interiorul
near lang
of de
off de pe, din
on pe, deasupra
out din
outside n exteriorul
over peste, deasupra
per prin, din
until pan
to ctre, spre
under sub, dedesubt
with cu
without fr
Deseori, prepozitiile i pot schimba sensul n funcie de context:

through the window (pe fereastr)
in time (la timp)
for work (la lucru)
by bus (cu autobuzul)
on foot (pe jos)
29
Alteori, prepozitiile pot aprea dup verbe, crora le confer un sens diferit fa de
ntelesul de baz (le transform in verbe frazale).
to look (a privi) - to look after (a avea grij de);- to look for (a cuta);
to go (a merge) - to go on (a continua);- to go by (a trece);
to make (a face) - to make into (a transforma) - to make up (a intregi, a fixa, a
alctui, a se farda)
LA RESTAURANT / AT THE RESTAURANT
biscuits = biscuii
salad = salat felii subiri
sausage = crnat
fruit = fruct
food = mncare
menu= meniu
snack = aperitiv, gustare
to boil = a fierbe
water = ap
cup = can
to fry = a prji
oil = ulei
fresh= proaspt
meat = carne
oven = cuptor
knife = cuit
spoon = lingur
tray = tav
eggs = ou
pepper = piper
vinegar = oet
coriander = coriandru
flour = fain
pasta = paste
zucchini = dovlecel
cheese = branza
butter = unt
yoghurt = iaurt
greean beans = mazare verde
garlic = usturoi
spinach = spanac
radish = ridiche
chips = cartofi tiai

chicken = pui
vegetable = legum
bread = pine
meal = mas, mncare
picnic = picnic
course = fel de mncare
to cook = a gti
to pour = a turna
to bake = a coace
fish = pete
bill = nota de plat
frozen = congelat
vegetarian = vegetarian
fork = furculi
plate = farfurie
straw = pai
salt = sare
oil = ulei
chilli = ardei iute
parsley = busuioc
sugar = zahr
rice = orez
celery = elina
milk = lapte
bread = paine
cereals = cereale
onion = ceap
pepper = ardei
squash = dovlecel
peas = mazre
30
banana = banan
apple = mr
honeydew melon = pepene
melon = pepene
peach = piersic
strawberry = cpsun
lime = lime
raisin = stafid
raspberries = zmeur
blackberry = mur
mango = mango
apricot = cais
lettuce = laptuc
artichoke = anghinare
cucumber = castravete
carrot = morcov
asparagus = sparanghel
tomato = roie
orange = portocal
tangerine = mandarin
plum = prun
grapefruit = grapefruit
avocado = avocado
lemon = lamaie
kiwi = kiwi
blueberries = afine
cranberry = merisor
papaya = papaya
cherry = cireasa
pineapple = anans
broccoli = broccoli
eggplant = vanata
potato = cartof
corn = porumb
cauliflower = conopid
mushroom = ciuperc
31
INGRIJIRE MEDICALA / MEDICAL CARE

Simptomele sunt reprezentate de orice semn evident de boala sau discomfort care ar
putea fi cauzat de o boala / Symptoms are any feelings and signs of illness or discomfort
which are caused by a illnesses.
Diagnosticul este determinarea precis a bolii de care sufer cineva, pe baza datelor
clinice i a examenelor de laborator / Diagnosis is precise determination of someone
suffering disease , based on clinical and laboratory examinations
symptom = symptom
temperature = temperature
sore = inflamatie
throat = gat
headache = durere de cap
rash = urticarie, eruptive
sick = bolnav
joint = articulatie
diarrhoea = diaree
lump = cucui
swolled = inflamat
sprain = luxatie
ankle = glezna
pain = durere
back = spate
chest = piept
waist = mijloc
to pull a muscle = a face o intindere
asthma = astm
diabetes = diabet
epilespsy = epilepsie
inhaler = inhalator
insulin = insulin
little = putin, putina
energy = energie
tired = obosit
difficulty = dificultate
to breath = a respira
depressed = deprimat
pregnant = insarcinata
allergy = alergie
32
antibiotic = antibiotic
medication = medicatie
sick note = concediu medical
to press = a apasa
blood = sange
blood pressure = tensiune
sleeve = maneca
mouth = gura
to cough = a tusi
stitch = cusatura
injection = injective
to prescribe = a prescribe
pill = pastila
urine = urina
chemist = farmacist
to smoke = a fuma
to cut down = a reduce
specialist = specialist
to lose weight = a slabi in greutate
stomach ache = durere de stomac
toothe = dinte
broken arm = bra rupt
back ache = durere de spate
to smoke = a fuma
dangerous = periculos
headache = durere de cap
sore throat = durere de gt
to fit = a se potrivi
healthy = sntos
sore = dureros
dizzy = ameit
fever = febr
injured = rnit
to sneeze = a strnuta
wound = ran
plaster = plasture
to bleed = a sngera
thermometer = termometru
to fell = a cdea
soap = spun
operation = operaie
33
ill = bolnav
hospital = spital
accident = accident
temperature = temperatur
to wash = a (se) spla
a cold = rceal
patient = pacient
heat = cldur
medicine = medicament
pain = durere
34
RECRUTAREA / RECRUITMENT
stage = etapa
interview = interviu
face to face = fata in fata
o meet = a intalni
feedback = conexiune inversa
INTERVIUL / JOB INTERVIEW
35
Un interviu pentru un loc de munca, este un fel de test care presupune o conversatie intre
applicant si un reprezentant al companiei angajatoare. / A job interview is a type of employment
test that involves a conversation between a job applicant and representative of the employing
organization.
Intrebarile din timpul interviului sunt de obicei construite pentru a evidentia calitatile si
insusirile relevante pentru locul de munca vizat, pentru care persoana aplica. Interview questions
are generally designed to tap applicant attributes that are specifically relevant to the job for
which the person is applying.
Pentru o mai buna desfasurare a unui interviu, iata cateva sfaturi:
Prepare ahead = Pregateste-te inainte

Make a good first mpression = Fa o buna impresie
Ask some questions yourself = Pune intrebari
Stay calm = Pastreaza-ti calmul
Be concise = Fii concis
Be honest = Fii sincer
Arive on time = Fii punctual
Be organized = Fii organizat
Emphasize your qualities = Scoate in evident calitatile
to dress = a se imbraca
in good time = la timp
question = intrebare
to apply = a aplica
strength = atuu, calitate
weakness = defect
vacant = liber
applicant = solicitant al unui loc de munca
eye contact = contact visual
courteous = bine crescut
professional = profesionist
experience = experienta
36
BANCA / THE BANK
37
bank = banca
atm (Automated Teller Machine) = atm, bancomat
stocks = capital, deposit
withdrawal = retragere
bill = facture
interest = interes
mortgage = ipoteca
funds = fonduri
annuity = rata
account = cont
fnance = finante, fonduri
investment = investitie
loan = imprumut
saving = economie
money = bani
insurance = asigurare
claim = reclamatie
underwriting = garantie
risk = risc
38
3.RECEPTAREA MESAJULUI SCRIS IN COMUNCIARE

UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS OF WRITTEN COMMUNCIATION
PROFESIA MEA / MY PROFESION
job= ocupaie, meserie
doctor = doctor
electric = electric
electrician = electrician
cooker = cuptor
teacher = nvtor
vet = medic veterinary
judge = judector
farmer = fermier
carpenter = dulgher
plumber = instalator
architect = arhitect
steward = administrator de moie
intendent nurse = asistent
student = student
writer = scriitor
builder = constructor
previous = anterior
review = revist, bilan
experience = experien
interview = interviu
taxidriver = sofer de taxi
priest = preot
policeman = politest
singer = cantaret
shopkeeper = comerciant
company = firm
dentist = dentist
cook = buctar
professor = prof univ
journalist = jurnalist
mechanic = mechanic
tailor = croitor
plumber = instalator
actor = actor
sailor = marinar
soldier = soldat
gardener= grdinar
lawyer = avocat
musician = musician
waiter = chelner
notice = aviz, ntiinare
manager = manager
advertisement = reclam
to offer = a oferi, ofert
referee = arbitru, persoan
postman = postas
judge = judecator
fireman = pompier
engineer = inginer
worker = muncitor
housewife = casnica
CURRICULUM VITAE
Un Curriculum vitae este o prezentare general a experienei i calificarii unei persoane.
n unele ri CV ul este primul lucru pe care un angajator l analizeaz iar acest pas este deseori
urmat de cel al interviului. / A curriculum vitae is a written overview of a person's experience
and other qualifications. In some countries, a C.V. is typically the first item that a potential
employer encounters regarding the job seeker and is often followed by an interview.
Modelul cel mai comun ntalnit de CV este Europass./ The most common CV is
Europass.
39
PERSONAL
INFORMATION
Replace with First name(s) Surname(s)

Replace with telephone number
Replace with mobile number
State e-mail address

State personal website(s)
Replace with type of IM service Replace with messaging account(s)
Sex Enter sex | Date of birth dd/mm/yyyy | Nationality Enter nationality/-ies
JOB APPLIED FOR
POSITION
PREFERRED JOB
STUDIES APPLIED FOR
Replace with job applied for / position / preferred job / studies applied for (delete non
relevant headings in left column)
WORK EXPERIENCE
[Add separate entries for each experience. Start from the most recent.]
Replace with dates (from - to) Replace with occupation or position held
Replace with employers name and locality (if relevant, full address and website)
Replace with main activities and responsibilities
Business or sector Replace with type of business or sector
EDUCATION AND
TRAINING
[Add separate entries for each course. Start from the most recent.]
Replace with dates (from - to) Replace with qualification awarded
Replace with
EQF (or other)
level if relevant
Replace with education or training organisations name and locality (if relevant, country)
Replace with a list of principal subjects covered or skills acquired
PERSONAL SKILLS
Mother tongue(s)
Other language(s)
[Remove any headings left empty.]

Replace with mother tongue(s)
UNDERSTANDING
Listening
Reading
40
SPEAKING
Spoken
Spoken
interaction
production
WRITING
Replace with language

Replace with language
Communication skills
Organisational / managerial
skills
Enter level
Enter level
Enter level
Enter level
Enter level
Replace with name of language certificate. Enter level if known.
Enter level
Enter level
Enter level
Enter level
Enter level
Replace with name of language certificate. Enter level if known.
Levels: A1/2: Basic user - B1/2: Independent user - C1/2 Proficient user
Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
Replace with your communication skills. Specify in what context they were acquired.
Example:
good communication skills gained through my experience as sales manager
Replace with your organisational / managerial skills. Specify in what context they were
acquired. Example:
leadership (currently responsible for a team of 10 people)
Job-related skills
Replace with any job-related skills not listed elsewhere. Specify in what context they were
acquired. Example:
good command of quality control processes (currently responsible for quality audit)
Computer skills
Replace with your computer skills. Specify in what context they were acquired. Example:
good command of Microsoft Office tools
Other skills
Driving licence
Replace with other relevant skills not already mentioned. Specify in what context they were
acquired. Example:
carpentry
Replace with driving licence category/-ies. Example:
B
ANNEXES
Replace with list of documents annexed to your CV. Examples:

copies of degrees and qualifications;
testimonial of employment or work placement;
publications or research.
41
first name = prenume

surname = nume de familie
to replace = a nlocui
street = strad
name = nume
city = ora
postcode = cod potal
to apply = a aplica pentru
occupation = ocupaia
employer = angajator
main = principal
activity = activitate
responsibility = raspundere, ndatorire
business = afacere
sector = sector, segment
qualification = calificare, competenta
award = rasplata, titlu
to train = a educa
skill = calificare, abilitate
to acquire = a obine
tongue = limba
to understand = a ntelege
to speak = a vorbi
to write = a scrie
level = nivel
communication = comunicare
to specify = a specifica
context = context
to gain = a obtine
sale = vanzare
manager = administrator
managerial = de conducere
leadership = conducere
computer = calculator
to drive = a conduce
licence = permis
42
PREZENTUL SIMPLU PREZENTUL CONTINUU / PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Prezentul simplu al verbelor arata o aciune care are loc de obicei, des sau niciodata.
Exprim obiceiuri, aciuni repetitive.
Prezentul continuu al verbelor arat o actiune care se petrece n momentul vorbirii,
aproape de momentul vorbirii.
Cele doua timpuri verbale se formeaza astfel:
Simple Present
infinitive
(3rd person singular: infinitive + 's')
Present Continuous
form of 'be' and verb + ing
I speak = eu vorbesc (de obicei)

you speak
he / she / it speaks
we speak
they speak
I am speaking = eu vorbesc ( acum)

you are speaking
he / she / it is speaking
we are speaking
they are speaking
Cele doua timpuri verbale exprim:

Simple Present
Present Continuous
in general (regularly, often, never)

-o aciune n general( de obicei, des, niciodata)
Colin plays football every Tuesday.
Colin joaca fotbal n fiecare marti.
right now
-o aciune care are loc acum, n momentul vorbirii
Look! Colin is playing football now.
Privete! Colin joac fotbal acum.
present actions happening one after another

- aciuni prezente care se succed
First Colin plays football, then he watches TV.
Prima data Colin joaca fotbal, apoi se uita la TV.
also for several actions happening at the same time

- aciuni multiple care se ntampl n acelai timp
Colin is playing football and Anne is watching.
Colin se joaca fotbal iar Anne il priveste.
action set by a timetable or schedule

- aciuni care se desfasoara dupa un plan, orar
The film starts at 8 pm.
arrangement for the near future

- planuri de viitor
I am going to the cinema tonight.
43
Filmul incepe la ora 8.

daily routine
- obiceiuri zilnice
Bob works in a restaurant.
Bob lucreaza ntr-un restaurant.
Eu ma duc la cinematograf deseara.

only for a limited period of time
- pentru o perioada limitat de timp, temporar
Jenny is working in a restaurant this week.
Jenny lucreaza ntr-un restaurant sptmana aceasta.
Prezentul simplu poate fi insotit de urmatoarele prepozitii:
always = ntotdeauna
every ... = fiecare
often = des
normally = de obicei, n mod normal
usually = de obicei
sometimes = cateodata
seldom = rar
never = niciodata
first= prima
then = atunci
Prezentul continuu poate fi insoit de urmatoarele prepozitii:
at the moment = la acel moment

at this moment = n acest moment
today = astazi
now = acum
right now = chiar acum
VERBE MODALE / MODAL VERBS

Verbele modale reprezint o categorie special cu urmtoarele catacteristici:
- infinitiv fr to (ca si verbele care le urmeaz);
- nu au -s la persoana a III-a singular Present Tense;
- nu primesc -ing;
- formeaz singure forma interogativ si negaliv;
- au echivalente pentru diferite timpuri.
1. CAN = a putea, a ti (inlocuit cu: to be able to = a fi in stare, a fi capabil)
Exprim :
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capacitate: I can run very fast = Pot s alerg foarte repede.

She cannot (cant) cook = Ea nu stie s gteasc.
posibilitate, presupunere:
They can be there now = E posibil ca ei s fie acolo.
She cant do that! = Nu se poate s fac asta!
n limba vorbit inlocuieste may pentru a exprima permisiune:
Can I go home? = Pot pleca acas?
You cannot come in! = Nu poti intra.
Pentru alte timpuri folosim to be able to:
He was able to run very fast. = Putea s alerge foarte repede.
He will be able to run very fast. = Va putea s alerge foarte repede.
2. COULD exprim:
capacitate (ca trecut al lui can):
I could run very fast last year. = Puteam s alerg foarte repede anul trecut.
permisiune mai formal:
Could I go home? = As putea pleca acas?
3. MAY = a putea, a avea voie (inlocuit cu: to be allowed to, to be permitted to) = a
se putea, a fi posibil (inlocuit cu: to be possible to
permisiune in limbaj formal:
May I go home? = Pot pleca acas?
You may not come in. = Nu poti / nu ai voie s intri.
I was allowed to go home. = Mi s-a ingduit s plec acas.
He will be permitted to come in. = I se va permite s intre.
They may be there now. = Se poate s fie / or fi acolo acum.
It may rain in the afternoon. = Se poate s plou dup-amiaz.
It was possible to rain. = Era / a fost posibil s plou.
It will be possible to rain. = Va fi posibil s plou.
4. MIGHT exprim:
permisiune (formal):
Might I go home? = As putea pleca acas?
You might not come in. = Nu ai putea / nu ai voie s intri.
posibilitate vag:
They might be there now. = S-ar putea s fie acolo acum.
It might rain in the afternoon. = S-ar putea s plou dup-amiaz.
5. MUST = a trebui (inlocuit cu: to have to = a trebui neaprat, a avea obligatia)
Exprim:
obligaie, datorie:
You must write to them. = Trebuie s le scrii.
I must leave soon. = Trebuie s plec curand.
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You must be tired. = Trebuie s fii obosit. Trebuie c esti obosit.
She must be at home now. = Trebuie s fie acas acum.
Not: La solicitarea permisiunii, , rspunsul se formeaz cu may, can sau must not.
May I smoke in here? = Pot s fumez aici?
Yes, you may = Da, aveti voie / vi se permite.
No, you musnt. Nu, este interzis.
Nota: Dac se pune la indoial obligaia, rspunsul se formeaz cu must (impunere) sau
need not (lipsa necesitii).
Must I really go there? = Chiar trebuie s m duc acolo?
Yes, you must. = Da, trebuie / este obligatoriu.
No, you needn't. = Nu, nu este necesar / nevoie.
6. SHALL
Ca modal e folosit la toate persoanele i exprim:
promisiune, ordin:
I shall write the letter. = Promit c voi scrie scrisoarea.
They shall come on time. = Trebuie s ajung la timp.
o ofert, propunere, in care se asteapt opinia interlocutorului (apare in
special cu persoana I) in intrebri:
Shall I close the window? = S inchid fereastra?
Shall we listen to him? = Oare s il ascultm?
7. SHOULD = ar trebui, ar fi cazul
Exprim:
sfat:
You should talk to him. = Ar trebui s-i vorbesti.
She shouldnt go to that party. = Nu ar trebui s mearg la petrecerea aceea.
presupunere:
He should still be at home. = Ar trebui s fie inc acas.
They should be on their way now. = Ar trebui s fie pe drum acum.
8. OUGHT TO = ar trebui, s-ar cuveni (form literar, mai protocolar decat
should)
Exprim:
sfat:
You ought to talk to him. = S-ar cuveni s ii vorbesti.
presupunere:
He ought be still at home. = S-ar cuveni s fie inc acas.
9. WILL:
Ca modal apare la toate persoanele si exprim:
cerere, invitatie deosebit de politicoas (apare in special cu persoana a
II-a in intrebri):
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Would you close the window? = Ati vrea s inchideti fereastra?

Would you answer my question, please? = Ati dori s-mi rspundeti la
intrebare, v rog?
actiune repetat:
He would always ask this kind of question. = Obisnuieste s pun tot timpul
astfel de intrebri.
10. DARE = a cuteza, a avea curajl. Ca modal apare in propozitii negative si
interogative cu sensul:
a indrzni, a se incumeta, a se aventura, a avea
indrzneala/neobrzarea.
How dare you? = Cum indrznesti?
She darent say a word. = Nu a indrznit s spun o vorb.
11. NEED = a avea nevoie. Ca modal apare in propozitii negative si interogative cu
sensul:
a fi nevoie, a trebui:
Need you go now? = E nevoie s pleci acum?
ADVERBUL / THE ADVERB
Adverbul reprezint partea de vorbire care exprim caracteristica sau imprejurarea
unei actiuni. Determin un verb, un adjectiv sau un alt adverb. Adverbul prezint
dou categorii de clasificare: dup form si dup continut:
1. Dup form, adverbele pot fi:
formate prin adugarea terminatiei ly la adjectivul corespunztor:
-happily = cu bucurie
-extremely = din cale afara de
-finally = in cele din urma
-immediately = de indata
-slowly = ncet
-truly = cu adevarat
-nicely = cu bunavointa
-equally = n egala masura
-fully = complet
-sincerely = cu sinceritate
-simply = cu simplitate
cu form identic cu adjectivul corespunztor:
back = napoi
deep = adanc
direct = direct
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early = devreme
enough = suficient
far = departe
fast = repede
hard = tare
ill = bolnav
just = doar
late = tarziu
little = mic
long = lung
low = jos
much = mult
more = mai mult
near = aproape
pretty = frumos
short = scurt
wrong = greit
cu dou forme (una identic cu adjectivul, cealalt format prin adugarea
terminatiei ly la adjectiv) si sensuri deosebite:
deep (adanc) deeply (profund)
direct (direct) directly (exact, imediat)
hard (din greu) hardly (cu greutate, abia)
high (sus) highly (foarte)
just (chiar, tocmai) justly (drept)
late (tarziu) lately (recent, de curand)
near (lang) nearly (aproape c)
short (brusc) shortly (pe scurt)
2. Dup coninut, exist adverbe:
de mod, care arat modul in care se desfsoar o actiune (rspund la intrebarea
cum?)
fast = rapid
hard = greu
badly = gresit
easily = cu usurinta
shortly = in scurt timp
de timp, care arat timpul cand se desfsoar aciunea (rspund la intrebarea
cand?)
lately = in ultima vreme
ever = vreodata
never = niciodata
often = des
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rarely = rar
seldom = rareori
sometimes = cateodata
usually = de obicei
generally = n general
constantly = constant
today = asazi
yesterday = ieri
tomorrow = maine
ago = n urma cu
last = ultim
next = urmtor
yet = nca
since = de cand
before = nainte
after = dup
de loc, care arat locul unde se petrece o actiune (rspunde la intrebarea unde?)
here = aici
there = acolo
above = deasupra
below = sub
up = sus
down = jos
in = n
out = afar, n exterior
everywhere = oriunde
interogative:
how? = cum?
why? = de ce?
when? = cand?
where? = unde?
de afirmatie i negaie:
yes = da
of course = binenteles
certainly = cu siguranta
naturally = binenteles
sure = sigur
no = nu
by no means = sub nici o form
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MASS MEDIA
Mass media este diversitatea mijloacelor tehnologice care ajung la publicul larg, care
transmit informaii. The mass media are diversified media technologies that are intended to
reach a large audience by mass communication.
Mijloacele media pot fi impartite astfel:

Newspapers = ziare
Books = cri
Magazines = reviste
Radio = radio
Television = televiziune
Mobile Phones = telefoane mobile
Computers = calculatoare
Internet = internet
-
news = tire
news agency = agenie de tiri
news agent = agent de pres, vnztor de ziare
newsboy = vnztor de ziare (biat sau tnr)
newscast = (rad, telev) buletin de tiri; radiojurnal sau telejurnal
newscaster = (rad, tv), crainic (care transmite tirile)
news conference = conferin de pres
newsman = reporter, corespondent; vnztor de ziare
news media = mass media
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newspaper = ziar, gazet

newspaper man = ziarist, gazetar
newsprint = hrtie de ziar
news stand = chioc de ziare (A.English)
newsworthy = important, care merit s fie publicat
press = pres, publicitate
radio = radio (difuziune), aparat de radio, a transmite prin radio
radio announcer = crainic (de radio)
radio broadcasting = radiodifuziune
radio communication = radiocomunicaie
television = televiziune
teleprompter = teleprompter
bulletin = buletin (de tiri)
forecast = prevedere (meteo)
ad = prescurtare pentru advertisment ( = reclam)
audio= material sonor
editor = responsabil, din punct de vedere legal, la un ziar, pentru ntregul coninut al
ziarului; editor de carte; redactor ef
headline = titlul unui text
inside back = penultima pagin
layout = desingn-ul unei pagini de ziar
pagination = numr de pagini
pictures = fotografii
reporter = jurnalist preocupat n principal de colectarea tirilor
script = exemplarul jurnalistului din radio
story = articol, sau potenial articol
text = principalul material tiprit ntr-un ziar, ca diferit de titluri, grafice, fotografii, etc.
classical music = mizica clasica
drama = drama
comedy = comedie
cartoon = desen animat
adventure = aventur
sitcom = serial TV de comedie
game = joc
show = spectacol
war = rzboi
foreign = strin
talk show = emisiune, discuie ntre moderator i invitai
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CUTAREA CU AJUTORUL INTERNETULUI / INTERNET RESEARCH

Internetul esteo reea mondial unitar de calculatoare i alte aparate cu adrese
computerizate, interconectate. / The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer
networks that link several billion devices worldwide.
Navigarea pe internet incepe cu alegerea browserului:
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Urmatorul pas este alegerea unui motor de cautare, a subiectului, crearea unor cuvinte cheie i
cautarea propriu zis.
Choosing a Topic, Creating Keywords and Search Terms
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Cel mai utilizat motor de cautare este Google:
ACORDUL SUBIECTULUI CU PREDICATUL / SUBJECT AND VERB

AGREEMENT
Subiectul si verbul se acorda n numar( singular sau plural). Astfel, dac subiectul este
singular, verbul acestuia este obligatoriu la singular. Daca subiectul este la plural, asemenea este
i verbul su. / Subjects and verbs must AGREE with one another in number (singular or
plural). Thus, if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular; if a subject is plural, its
verb must also be plural.
1. Doua subiecte legate or, either/or, sau neither/nor necesita un verb la singular.
My aunt or my uncle is arriving by train today.

Neither Juan nor Carmen is available.
Either Kiana or Casey is helping today with stage decorations.
2. Cand avem dou sau mai multe subiecte, legate ntre ele de and, folosim un verb la plural.
A car and a bike are my means of transportation.
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3. Cnd avem de-a face cu cuvinte colective (a lot, a majority, some, all) vom forma propozitia
in functie de substantivul aflat dupa cuvantul of. Astfel, dac substantivul este singular,
asemenea va fi i verbul. Daca substantivul este la numarul plural, la fel va fi i verbul.
A lot of the pie has disappeared.

A lot of the pies have disappeared.
A third of the city is unemployed.
A third of the people are unemployed.
All of the pie is gone.
All of the pies are gone.
Some of the pie is missing.
Some of the pies are missing.
4. Vom folosi verbul la singular atunci cand ne referim la distane, perioade de timp, sume de
bani, ca la o singur unitate.
Three miles is too far to walk.

Five years is the maximum sentence for that offense.
Ten dollars is a high price to pay.
NTREBAREA DISJUNCTIV / DISJUNCTIVE QUESTION

ntrebarea disjunctiv nsoete propoziia enuntiativ pentru a ntri i confirma ntelesul
acesteia. n limba roman, ntrebarile disjunctive se traduc prin corespondentul: nu-i asa?
n limba englez intrebarea disjunctiva este o ntrebare scurt, care se formeaz repetand
subiectul i verbul auxiliar sau modal corespunzator predicatului propozitiei pe langa care st:
You are ready, aren't you?
It's rather cold today, isn't it?
You have written all your exercises, haven't you?
We must answer his letter, mustn't we?
They had a good time on their holidays, hadn't they?
Cand n propoziia enuntiativ se afl un verb notional, atunci n propoziia disjunctiv se
foloseste verbul to do la timpul respectiv:
He gets home at three o'clock, doesn't he?
You saw their new flat, didn't you?
They write home every week, don't they?
He reads English novels, doesn't he?
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Verbul din ntrebarea disjunctiv se foloseste la timpul verbului din propozitia

enuntiativ i la forma opus acesteia:
a) daca verbul din propoziia enuniativa este la forma afirmativ, cel din propoziia
disjunctiv este la forma interogativ-negativ:
He can do it, can't he?
You began to study English, last year, didn't you?
b) daca verbul din propozitia enuniativa este la forma negativ, atunci verbul din
propoziia disjunctiva este la forma interogativ:
They do not leave on Monday, do they?
She has no lectures in the afternoon, has she?
You did not ring him up today, did you?
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4. DEZVOLTAREA CAPACITATII DE EXPRIMARE IN SCRIS

DEVELOPING WRITTEN COMMUNICATION SKILLS
ADJECTIVUL / THE ADJECTIVE
Adjectivul este partea de vorbire care exprim nsusirea unui obiect (fiin sau lucru).
Apare de obicei naintea substantivului pe care l determin si rspunde la intrebrile: care?, ce
fel de? Spre deosebire de limba roman, in limba englez adjectivul este invariabil (nu se
modific in functie de gen si numr).
Adjectivul prezint dou categorii de clasificare:
1. Dup form, adjectivele pot fi:
simple (formate dintr-un singur cuvant): simple, quick, nice, good, brave, bright,
real, right, beautiful, interesting
compuse (formate din dou cuvinte): good-looking, short-sighted, blue-eyed,
hard working, ready-made
2. Dup continut, adjectivele se impart in:
propriu-zise (calificative), care arat o calitate a obiectului: red, white, bitter,
busy, dull, easy, fresh, happy, old, perfect, slow, tall
determinative, care confer precizie obiectului. Unele dintre acestea provin din
pronume. Deosebirea dintre pronume si adjectivele provenite din pronume este
functional: in timp ce pronumele apar independent, adjectivele provenite din
pronume insoesc obligatoriu un substantiv.
Adjectivele determinative sunt:
posesive: indic posesorul unui obiect:
- my al meu, a mea, ai mei, ale mele
- your al tu, a ta, ai ti, ale tale, al, a, ai, ale d-voastr
- his al, a, ai, ale lui (pentru persoane)
- her al, a, ai, ale ei (pentru persoane)
- its ai, a, ai, ale lui/ei (pentru lucruri)
- our al nostru, a noastr, ai nostri, ale noastre
- your al vostru, a voastr, ai vostri, ale voastre, al, a, ai, ale d-voastr
- their al, a, ai, ale lor
relative: introduc o propoziie relativ:
- whose al, a, ai, ale crui/crei/cror (pentru persoane)
- what ce, care (pentru lucruri si, uneori, pentru fiine)
- which care, care dintre (pentru lucruri si fiine, implicand selecia dintr-o
clas)
- The young man whose book is here was my classmate.
- Tanrul a crui carte este aici a fost colegul meu de clas.
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- I don't remember what / which address this is.

- Nu-mi amintesc ce/care adres este aceasta.
- She knows what / which book I am talking about.
- Stie despre ce / care carte vorbesc.
interogative: apar in intrebri, pentru a determina substantivul asteptat ca rspuns:
- whose al, a, ai, ale crui / crei / cror (pentru fiine)
- what ce, care (pentru lucruri si, uneori, pentru fiine)
- which care, care dintre (pentru lucruri si fiine, implicand selecia dintr-o
clas)
-Whose car have you driven? A cui masin ai condus?
-Whose brother are you? Al cui frate esti?
-What / Which student is the best? Ce/Care student este cel mai bun?
Comparatia adjectivelor se refer la adjectivele propriu-zise (calificative).
Ca si in limba roman, in limba englez exist urmtoare grade de comparatie:
Gradul pozitiv este forma de baz a adjectivului: wise, long, sthort, common
Gradul comparativ indic insusirea unui obiect prin comparatie cu un alt
obiect.
de inferioritate: not so / as... as (nu asa de... ca)

- less... than = mai putin decat
- not so wise as
- less important than
- not as short as
- not so beautiful as
de superioritate:
- adjectivele formate dintr-o singur silab, precum si cele
formate din dou silabe (cu terminatia in -y, -ble, -er) adauga -er la final: - er than (mai ...
decat)
- wiser than easier than
- shorter than abler than
- majoritatea adjectivelor formate din dou silabe, precum si cele

formate din mai muite silabe sunt precedate de more:
- more ...than (mai ...decat)
- more correct than more interesting than
- more prudent than more beautiful than
Gradul superlativ
relativ: indic nivelul cel mai inalt sau cel mai redus al insusirii unui
obiect in raport cu un alt obiect:
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- adjectivele formate dintr-o singura silab, precum si cele formate din dou
silabe(cu terminatia in -y, -ble,-er) adaug -est la final:
- the... -est of (cel mai... dintre)
- the wisest of the easiest of
- the shortest of the ablest of
- majoritatea adjectivelor formate din doua silabe, precum si cele formate din mai
multe silabe sunt precedate de most:
- the most... of (cel mai... dintre)
- the most correct of the most intersting of
- the most prudent of the most beautiful of
absolut: indic cel mai inalt nivel al insusirii, fr a se mai face comparatie: very...
(foarte)...
Pozitiv
Comparativ
Superlativ
small (mic)
smaller (mai mic)
the smallest (cel mai mic)
big (mare)
bigger (mai mare)
the biggest (cel mai mare)
dry (uscat)
drier (mai uscat)
the driest (cel mai uscat)
noble (nobil)
nobler (mai nobil)
the noblest (cel mai nobil)
Unele adjective au o comparatie neregulat:
Pozitiv
good
bad
much
liltle
old
far
late
near
Comparativ
better
worse
more
less
older
farther
later
nearer
Superlativ
the best (bun)
the worst (ru, bolnav)
the most (mult)
the least (putin)
the oldest (vechi, btran)
the farthest (deprtat)
the 1atest (tarziu)
the nearest (apropiat)
Not: Cu ajutorul lui much, by far si far intrim ideea exprimat de adjectiv.
- much more interesting than
- far more interesting than
- by far more interesting than (mult mai interesant decat...)
ACCEPTUL-REFUZUL UNEI INVITATII / ACCEPTING/ REFUSING AN

INVITATION
Do you want to (go to the cinema)? (informal) = Vrei s (mergi la cinema?)
to want = a vrea
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Do you feel like (going to the cinema)? (informal) = Ai chef s (mergi la

cinema?)
Would you like to (go to the cinema)? (formal) = Ai vrea s (mergi la cinema?)
Thanks, Id love to (go) = Mersi, mi-ar face mare plcere s (merg).
to love = a iubi
Im sorry but (Im going to a party). = Scuze dar (merg la o petrecere).
party = petrecere
Im afraid I cant = Mi-e team c nu pot.
to be afraid = a-i fi team
Cum cerem, cum acordm i cum refuzm permisiune
Can I (leave early?) (informal)= Pot (pleca devreme)?
can = a putea
to leave = a pleca
early = devreme
Yes, you can.= Da, poi.
No, you cant. = Nu, nu poi.
Is it alright if I (leave early)? (informal) = E n regul dac (plec devreme)?
Sure. Thats OK. = Sigur. E ok (n regul).
sure = sigur
Sorry, no. = mi pare ru, nu.
May I (leave early)? (formal)= A putea (pleca devreme?)
may = a putea, a avea voie, a-i fi permis
Yes, you may. Da, ai putea.
No, you may not. = Nu, nu ai putea.
Do you mind if I (open the window)? (formal) = Te superi dac (deschid
fereastra?)
to open = a deschide
the window = fereastra
Thats fine. = E ok.
Go ahead = D-i drumul.
ahead = nainte
All right = n regul.
No problem = Nici o problem.
Sorry, but (Im cold) = mi pare ru, dar (mi-e frig).
but = dar, ns
cold = frig, rece
Cum oferim
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Can I help (you)?= Pot s (te) ajut?

to help = a ajuta
Shall I help (you) = S te ajut?
Do you want (some tea)? (informal) = Vrei (nite ceai)?
some = nite
tea = ceai
Would you like (some tea)? (formal) = Ai vrea (nite ceai)?
Cum promitem
Ill be home at 8.30. = Voi fi acas la 8.30
home = cas (acas)
I wont be late again! = Noi voi mai ntarzia!
to be late = a intarsia
late = trziu
again = din nou
Cum cerem ceva i cum rspundem la cereri
- Can you (open the window), please? (informal) = Poi (s deschizi fereastra), te
rog?
- Could you (open the window), please? (informal) = Ai putea (s deschizi
fereastra), te rog?
- Would you mind (opening the window), please? (formal) = Ai putea (s deschizi
fereastra), te rog?
Can you....? Could you...? Of course. Sure. (Bineneles. Sigur)
of course = bineneles
Would you mind.? Nu prin rspuns, ci prin aciune.
TRECUTUL SIMPLU PREZENT PERFECT/ SIMPLE PAST PRESENT

PERFECT
Formarea timpurilor:
Simple Past
- irregular verbs: 2nd column of irregular verbs
Example:
I spoke
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Present Perfect Simple

- irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of
irregular verbs
Example:
I / you / we / they have spoken
he / she / it has spoken

- regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed
Example:
I / you / we / they have worked
he / she / it has worked
- regular verbs: infinitive + ed

Example:
I worked
Exprima:
certain time in the past
just / already / not yet
Example:
I phoned Mary 2 minutes ago.
Example:
I have just phoned Mary.
whether / how often till now
certain event in the past
Example:
Example:
Have you ever been to Canada? / I have been to

Canada twice.
He went to Canada last summer.
Trecutul simplu poate fi insotit de urmatoarele prepozitii:
yesterday = ieri
ago = demult
the other day = zilele trecute
Trecutul perfect poate fi insotit de urmatoarele prepozitii:
just = numai ce
already = deja
until no = pana acum
so far = pana acum
lately = in ultima vreme
List of irregular verbs
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EXPRIMAREA VIITORULUI / EXPRESSING THE FUTURE
Viitorul simplu se poate construi n dou feluri / Simple Future has two different forms in
English:
- "will" and "be going to."
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Formarea viitorului cu formula "will"

will + verb
You will help him later.

Will you help him later?
You will not help him later.
Formarea viitorului cu formula "be going to"

am/is/are + going to + verb
You are going to meet Jane tonight.

Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
You are not going to meet Jane tonight.
Folosim "will" pentru a exprima:

A voluntary action
I will send you the information when I get it.
I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
Will you help me move this heavy table?
Will you make dinner?
I will not do your homework for you.
I won't do all the housework myself!
A promise
I will call you when I arrive.
If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to
inexpensive health insurance.
I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
Don't worry, I'll be careful.
Folosim "be going to."pentru a exprima:
A plan
He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
64
I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.

Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
A prediction
John Smith will be the next President.

John Smith is going to be the next President.
The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.

The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.
PLANURI DE VACAN / HOLIDAY PLANS
travel agency = agenie de turism

tourism = turism
passport = paaport
hotel = hotel
reservation = rezervare
holiday = vacan, srbatoare
to check in = a se nregistra
to check out = a prsi hotelul
business class = clasa business
economy class = clasa economica
bus = autobuz
car = maina
airplane = avion
boat = barc
train = tren
backpack = rucsac
suitcase = geamantan, valiz
travel guide = ghid
INVITAREA UNUI PRIETEN / INVITING A FRIEND
YOUR FRIEND"S NAME

I am glad to invite you as my guest in March of 2009. I can arrange your travel and
accommodation facilities.
During your stay here in (NAME OF CITY), you can visit the following places.
65
......... and many other interesting locations in the city oo .....

If you have any other location in your mind, please let me know.
Please be assured that I shall provide all the help needed to make your visit comfortable.
However it will be worthwhile to prepare a detailed program to avoid confusions later.
Thank You
YOUR NAME
REZERVARI / MAKING TRAVELLING ARRANGEMENTS
Cnd calatorim, este indicat s fim ateni la urmtoarele:/ When traveling we

shoul pay attention to the following:
Book a room in advance = Rezervai o camer
On arrival, confirm your reservation. Check in at the reception = La ajungerea la
destinaie confirmai rezervarea. nregistrai-v la recepie
Pentru a rezerva o camer vom proceda astfel: / To book a room you need to do
one of the following:
to make a phone call = a suna
to write an email = a trimite un email
Rezervarea prin email / Email reservation
Emailul trebuie s cuprind date relevante / Include all relevant information in your
email:
your complete contact information = datele de contact complete

date and time of arrival and departure = data cazrii i data plecrii
number of days of your stay = numrul de zile de cazare
type of room and any special needs or requests such as a smoking or nonsmoking room =
tipul camerei i orice alte nevoi special cum ar fi: camera de fumator sau nefumator
Fii concii i nu scriei informaii care nu sunt necesare / Be to the point don't include
any unnecessary details
Fii politicoi / Be polite
66
Dear Sir or Madam,

Would you mind reserving a nonsmoking room for me and my wife for this date (...) We will be
spending three nights. We will arrive on August 4th at 5 o'clock in the morning.
Please charge my credit card for the initial deposit required. Include any discounts that my early
registration permits.
Credit card number:
Name:
Expiration date:
I look forward to receiving a letter confirming my reservation.
Thank you.
Name
arrival = sosire
departure = plecare
registration = nregistrare
charge = plat, onorariu
LA AEROPORT / AT THE AIRPORT
passport = paaport
ticket = bilet
boarding pass = bilet de mbarcare
destination = destinaia
arrivals = sosiri
departures = plecri
gate = poart
luggage = bagaj
agent = agent
security = securitate
metal detector = detector de metale
security checkpoint = punct de control
waiting area = zon de asteptare
67
carry-on = bagaj de mn
information screen = panoul de informatii
ORDINEA ADVERBULUI/ ADVERB PLACEMENT

beginning of
clause/sentence
usually, normally, often, frequently,

sometimes and occasionally
Usually we see him at church.

Last night we went dancing.
NOT: always, ever, rarely, seldom and

never*
end of the
clause/sentence
usually, normally, often, frequently,

sometimes and occasionally
Weve performed there

occasionally.
NOT: always, ever, rarely, seldom and

never*
Where did you eat yesterday?

All the bedrooms are upstairs.
adverbs of time: today, every week,

finally, already, soon
Have you taken the TOEFL

yet?
Have you eaten dinner
68
already?
adverbs of manner (how something is
done): slowly, suddenly, badly,
quietly
She sang that aria very well.

He drives competently.
middle of sentence
after BE verb
adverbs of certainty: certainly,

definitely, clearly, obviously,
probably
They are definitely suited for

each other.
Theyll probably arrive late.
after auxiliary verb

He has apparently passed the
class.
before other verbs
They obviously forgot to read

the directions.
after BE verb
after auxiliary
verbs
adverbs of frequency: never, rarely,

sometimes, often. usually, always,
ever
before other verbs
He is rarely morose.
We have never eaten
Moroccan food.
He always takes flowers to his
girlfriend.
She quite often invites people
for Thanksgiving.
They almost never go to the
theater.
69
after BE verb
focusing adverbs: even, only, also,

mainly, just
after auxiliary
verbs
He is only five years old.

We dont even know his name.
Weve already eaten dinner.
before other verbs
adverbs of time: already, still, yet,

finally, eventually, soon, last, just
He also rents chainsaws.

I am finally ready.
He is still planning to go
tonight.
We just finished painting the
house.
after BE verb
after auxiliary
verbs
adverbs of manner (how something is

done): slowly, suddenly, badly,
quietly
She is slowly finishing her

PhD.
He has carefully gathered the
evidence.
before other verbs

We methodically checked all
the bags.
ARTICOLUL ZERO / THE ZERO ARTICLE
Folosim termenul de articol zero atunci cnd un substantive nu este nsoit de articolul
the sau a/an. We use the term zero article when a noun is not preceded by a definite - the or
indefinite - a, an) article.
Folosim articolul zero n urmatoarele cazuri:
The zero article with proper names
A proper name is normally not preceded by an article:
Turner is my favourite painter.
Where's Peter?
Uncle Jerry visited us the other day.
70
The zero article with names of places and institutions

Names of places and institutions which consist of a proper name and another noun do not take an
article:
Johns Hopkins University
Trafalgar Square
Victoria Station
George Washington Bridge
JFK Airport
The zero article with names of days, months, seasons, holidays and parts of the day
Names of days, months, seasons and holidays are normally not preceded by an article:
on Monday
in March
in summer
at Christmas
The same is true for certain parts of the day (with the exception of in the
morning/afternoon/evening):
at noon
at night
at midnight
before dusk
after sunset
at sunrise
The zero article with names of sports, games and activities

Names of sports, games and activities are not preceded by an article:
I love swimming.
Rummy is definitely much more difficult than solitaire.
She suggested playing Activity.
The zero article with geographical names
Continents
Africa
America
Asia
71
Australia
Europe
But:
the Americas (North and South America)
the Antarctic
the Arctic
Names of countries
Most country names do not take an article:
Chile
France
Kazakhstan
Namibia
New Zealand
But:
the Czech Republic
the Netherlands
Lakes
Lake Geneva
Lake Lopnor
Mountain peaks
Mawson Peak
Mont Blanc
Cities
Beijing
Bucharest
72
CONSILIUL JUDEEAN ALBA

a
Ion
I.C. Brtianu nr. 20, Alba Iulia, jude Alba
Pia
Tel. 0730 223 334, Fax 0258 813 325
E-mail: cj_alba2013@yahoo.com
Website: www.cjalba-crofp.ro
Proiect implementat de CONSILIUL JUDEEAN ALBA

In parteneriat cu Asociaia pentru Infrastructur Regional i Dezvoltare Durabil
Some-Dej, Agenia Judeean pentru Ocuparea Forei de Munc Alba, Asociaia
A.S.M.E.A Ocna Mure, IBS CEMES Institut GmbH Germania i Asociaia Prometeu
Cmpia Turzii
S v informai despre combaterea discriminrii!

o
S i informai i pe ceilali
o
S punei n aplicare msuri de promovare a diversitii i egalitii de anse!
Agenia Naional pentru Egalitate de anse -website: www.anes.ro; e-mail informatii@anes.ro
Site-ul proiectului: www.cjalba-crofp.ro
o
Proiect cofinanat din Fondul Social European prin Programul Operaional Sectorial Dezvoltarea
Resurselor Umane 20072013 Investete n oameni !
Produs n cadrul proiectului POSDRU/125/5.1/S/126058 Oportuniti sporite pentru omeri i
persoanele n cutarea unui loc de munca, din regiunile Centru si Nord-Vest, pentru participarea
viitoare pe o pia a muncii modern, flexibili inclusiv
Editat de Consiliul Judeean Alba, n calitate de beneficiar
Publicat n FEBRUARIE 2015
Coninutul acest ui material nu reprezint n mod obligatoriu poziia oficial a Uniunii Europene sau a
Guvernului Romniei
73

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CONSILIUL JUDEEAN ALBA

1. RECEPTAREA MESAJULUI ORAL N COMUNICARE

Good morning! = Bun dimineaa!

Salutul formal / Formal greeting

PREZENTAREA PROPRIEI PERSOANE / TALKING ABOUT YOURSELF

Hello, my name is Tom. = Bun, numele meu este Tom.

A FACE CUNOTIN / MAKING INTRODUCTIONS

May I introduce..= mi dai voie s v prezint?

Let me introduceto you = Lsai-m s va prezint pe

Pleased to meet you = ncntat s te cunosc

Nice to meet you = mi pare bine

FONETICA/ALFABET / PHONETICS / THE ALPHABET

Simbolurile fonetice ne folosesc pentru a nelege mai bine cum se pronun un

ARTICOLUL / THE ARTICLE

Definite article - the

The newspaper = ziarul ( acela )

FAMILIA / THE FAMILY

grand son = nepot

grand daughter = nepoat

niece = nepoat (de mtu)

eldest = cel mai n vrst dintre frai

cousin = verisor/ verisoara

step-father = tat vitreg

step mother = mam vitreg

ACTIVITI ZILNICE / DAILY ACTIVITIES

I get up in the morning.

Ill visit you on Sunday = Te vizitez duminic

LUNILE ANULUI / MONTHS OF THE YEAR

Ill be back in June. = M voi ntoarce n iunie

next month = luna viitoare

Im going to Portugal in the winter.

next summer = vara viitoare

2. DEZVOLTAREA CAPACITATII DE EXPRIMARE ORALA

The living room/ Lounge / Sitting room = camera de zi, sufragerie

SUBSTANTIVUL / THE NOUN

- nume de institutii: the Grand Hotel, the British Museum

- aceeai form la singular i plural:

B. Substantive nenumrabile au form nemodificat, deci au form doar de

n limba englez genul substantivelor se identific de obicei cu ajutorul pronumelor care

Prunumele se mparte astfel:

- pentru apropiere: this (acesta, aceasta) / these (acestia, acestea)

VERBUL / THE VERB

auxiliare (ajuttoare): to be, to have, to do,shall, will, should, would

Aceste verbe nu au nteles independent, neputand fi traduse, i schimb forma n

TO BE formeaz aspectul continuu, mpreun cu participiul prezent -ing: formeaz

We are (Were) = noi suntem

We are not- We arent = noi nu suntem

Are we? = suntem noi?

Yes you are /No you are not

Yes we are / No we arent

Are we not-Arent we?

I do not ask = eu nu ntreb

Do you play? = v jucai voi?

NUMERALUL / THE NUMERAL

Numeralul cardinal / the cardinal numeral

Numele zecilor se leag de unitai direct, cu ajutorul unei liniue de unire:

21 twenty-one = douzeci i unu

100 one hundred = o sut

115 - a/one hundred and fifteen = o sut cincisprezece

9 - the ninth (the 9th)

Exprimarea datei se poate face astfel:

Momentele zilei (Parts of the day)