Glosar de termeni bancari englez-roman
THE BANKING SYSTEM IN ROMANIA
(accounting) ledger = Cartea - mare;
account = cont;
~ foreign exchange = devize in cont;
~ payable = cont creditor;
~ receivable = cont debitor;
~ settled = cont achitat;
bank ~ = cont bancar;
current ~ = cont curent;
foreign exchange ~ = cont in devize;
on one’s ~ = pe cont propriu;
personal ~ = cont personal;
profit and loss ~(P&L- in UK) = cont de profit si
pierdere;
sales ~ = cont de vânzari (al agentului /
comisionarului);
sight ~ = depozit la vedere;
statement of ~ = extras de cont;
the running of an ~ = miscarea contului;
to keep open accounts = a tine contabilitatea /
conturile;
income and expenditure account = cont de venituri si
cheltuieli;
accountant = contabil;
certified ~ = contabil autorizat;
accounting = contabilitate;
applicant = solicitant, petitionar;
assets = bunuri; active;
audit = verificarea conturilor de catre o societate
specializata; activitate desfasurata de o persoana
specializata numita auditor;
auditing commission = comisia de cenzori;
balance = sold;
bank ~ = sold bancar;
credit ~ = sold creditor;
debit ~ = sold debitor;
balance of payments = balanta de plati;
balance of trade = balanta comerciala;
balance sheet = bilant contabil;
bank = banca;
~ deposit = depozit bancar;
~ loan = imprumut bancar;
agricultural ~ = banca agricola specializata in
acordarea de credite
pentru dezvoltarea agriculturii;
central ~ = banca care realizeaza politica economica
a guvernului;
clearing ~ = banca de compensare, in acest caz,
banca este membra a unei case de compensatie,
specializata in decontarea cecurilor;
commercial ~ = banca comerciala specializata in
constituirea de depozite, efectuarea de transferuri de
fonduri; poate sa fie o societate pe actiuni sau o
banca particulara;
discounting ~ = banca specializata in scontarea
cambiilor;
Federal Reserve Bank = Banca Centrala a Statelor
Unite ale Americii;
Industrial ~ = o banca care face parte dintr-un grup
de case mici financiare, care primeste investitii de la
persoane fizice;
issuing ~ = institutie financiara care gestioneaza o
noua emisiune de actiuni;
joint-stock ~ = banca constituita ca societate pe
actiuni;
merchant ~ = banca de afaceri, este o institutie
specializata in efectuarea operatiunilor in domeniul
industrial si al business-ului.
banking = activitate bancara;
banking Directives = Directive bancare emise de
Uniunea Europeana;
bankruptcy = faliment, incapacitate de plata;
banker’s bank = functie a unei Banci Centrale “banca
a bancilor”; banca care refinanteaza sistemul bancar;
bank’s own capital = capitalul propriu al bancii;
BIS = Bank for International Settlements = Banca
Internationala a Reglementelor;
bill = titlu, bon;
Bill of Exchange = bank draft = cambie;
Board of directors = Consiliu de administratie;
~meeting = sedinta Consiliului de administratie;
bond = (aici) obligatiune;
book - keeping = contabilitate;
double-entry ~ = contabilitate in dubla partida;
borrow (to) = a imprumuta;
borrowed reserves = rezerve atrase; rezerve
imprumutate;
branch = sucursala unei banci;
building society = societate ipotecara; in UK este o
institutie financiara care ofera ipoteci, fondurile
acesteia provenind din depozitele constituite de
publicul larg;
1
capital = in sens larg, avutie acumulata;
capital market = piata de capital;
capital structure = structura capitalului;
capital assets = fixed assets = fonduri fixe;
cash = bani lichizi, numerar format din bancnote si
monede;
cash flow = flux de numerar;
ceiling of gold = plafon pentru aur;
Central Bank = Banca Centrala;
charge = taxa;
chart of accounts = planul de conturi;
chattel = bunuri mobile;
claim = (aici) creanta;
commission = comision;
commitment fee = comision de angajare;
credit co-operative = credit union = cooperativa de
credit;
credit institution = institutie de credit;
creditor = creditor, persoana care detine creante
banesti asupra altor entitati;
currency = bancnote si monede folosite ca moneda
nationala a unei tari; foreign ~ = valuta;
convertible ~ = valuta convertibila;
hard ~ = valuta forte;
reserve ~ = valuta detinuta de Banca Centrala;
currency position = pozitie valutara.
dead line = termen limita;
debentures = titluri de credit; titluri de valoare emise
de societati cu raspundere limitata in schimbul unor
imprumuturi pe termen lung;
debt = datorie, obligatie;
bad ~ = datorie care nu a fost si nici nu se spera a fi
achitata;
National Debt = datoria guvernului;
debtor = debitor – o persoana sau o socieate
comerciala care datoreaza bani, bunuri sau servicii
unei alte persoane;
deficit = depasirea veniturilor de catre cheltuieli sau a
activelor de catre pasive;
buget ~ = un buget neechilibrat cauzat de cheltuielile
mai mari decât veniturile;
trade ~ = o balanta de plati neechilibrata in care
exporturile au fost depasite de exporturi;
deposit = depozit;
discount = scontare;
~ house = casa de scontare;
~ market = piata scontului;
~ rate = rata scontului.
Early Warning and Rating System = sistem de
avertizare timpurie si de
stabilire a rating-ului de tara;
electronic banking = activitate bancara derulata
electronic;
endowment capital = capital de dotare;
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(EBRD) = Banca
Europeana pentru Reconstructie si Dezvoltare (BERD);
European Community (EC) = Comunitatea Europeana
(EU);
European Central Bank (ECB) = Banca Central
Europeana;
European Union (EU) = Uniunea Europeana;
exchange = schimb, piata;
exchange control = control valutar;
exchange rate = curs de schimb;
fixed ~ = curs de schimb fix;
floating ~ = curs de schimb fluctuant;
managed floating ~ = curs de schimb cu fluctuare
dirijata;
managed ~ = curs de schimb controlat;
flexible ~ = curs de schimb flexibil;
pegged ~ = curs de schimb legat;
crawling ped ~ = curs de schimb târâtor sau cu
paritate glisanta;
spot ~ = curs de schimb la vedere;
forward ~ = curs de schimb la termen;
external assets and liabilities = active si pasive
externe;
field of activity = domeniu de activitate;
financial leasing = leasing financiar;
fiscal year = an fiscal;
foreign assets = active externe;
foreign liabilities = pasive externe;
foreign currency/foreign exchange currency = valuta;
General Meeting of the Shareholders = Adunarea
generala a actionarilor;
gross profit = profit brut;
headquarter premises = cladirea sediului central;
in bail = in custodie;
international foreign reserves = rezerve
internationale;
International Monetary Fund (IMF) = Fondul Monetar
International (FMI);
issue guarantees (to) = a emite scrisori de garantie
bancara;
joint-stock company = societate pe actiuni;
lender of last resort = creditor de ultima instanta;
legal entity = legal person = persoana juridica;
legal tender = national currency = moneda nationala;
legal framework = cadru legal;
liability = obligatie, datorie, pasiv;
majority state-owned capital = cu capital integral de
stat;
majority private capital = cu capital integral
particular;
majority domestic capital = cu capital integral intern
(autohton);
majority foreign capital = cu capital integral strain;
management of foreign exchange reserves =
administrarea rezervelor externe;
maturity = tenor = maturitate, scadenta;
maximal exposure = expunere maxima;
merger = fuziune;
minimum compulsory reserves = rezerve minime
obligatorii;
monetary survey = situatie monetara;
monetary, foreign exchange, credit and payments
policy = politica
monetara, valutara, de credit si plati;
money issue = emisiune baneasca;
money circulation = circulatia banilor;
money market = piata monetara;
money supply = broad money = masa monetara; bani
in sens larg;
mortgage = ipoteca;
net foreign position = pozitia neta externa;
off - balance sheet = in afara bilantului;
open an account with (to) = a deschide un cont la;
own capital = capital propriu;
pledge = (aici) gaj, zalog, amanet;
promissory notes drawn or endorsed = bilete la ordin
trase sau andosate;
rate of interest = rata dobânzii platita pentru
atragerea capitalului utilizat intr-o afacere;
central bank discount ~ = rata de scont a Bancii
Centrale;
accrued ~ = plata unei dobânzi datorate, dar care nu
a fost primita;
bank ~ = rata oficiala a dobânzii stabilita de Bancile
Centrale; termenul nu se mai foloseste in U.K. fiind
inlocuit cu minimum lending rate;
rate of return = rata profitului;
real estate assets = active imobiliare;
rediscount = rescontare;
refinance (to) = a refinanta;
reserve tranche = transa de rezerva;
retail banking = activitate bancara cu amanuntul;
2
revenue and expenditure budget = bugetul de
venituri si cheltuieli;
savings (s.) = (aici) economie (de bani);
savings banks = banci de economii/case de economii;
security = (aici) efect de comert, titlu de valoare;
settlement = (aici) decontare;
shareholder = actionar;
solvency = solvabilitate;
special drawing rights (SDR) holding = detinere de
drepturi speciale de tragere (DST);
stock = actiune (aici), stoc;
stock exchange = bursa de valori;
subsidiary = filiala;
reserve fund = fond de rezerva;
conclude an agreement (to) = a incheia un acord;
grant a credit (to) = a acorda un credit;
grant interest (to) = a bonifica dobânda;
issue banknote and coins (to) = a pune in circulatie
bancnote si monede de metal;
lend to the banking companies (to) = refinance the
banking system (to)
= a acorda imprumuturi bancilor / a refinanta;
open and keep an account (to) = a deschide si a
mentine un cont;
redeemable = recuperabil;
render (to) = provide banking services (to)= a acorda/
a presta servicii bancare;
two tier levels = pe doua nivele;
Treasury = Trezorerie, departamentul economic si
financiar central al unui guvern;
vault cash = ghiseu de casierie;
warehouse receipt = recipisa / chitanta warrant;
warrant = warrant;
weight (to) = (aici) a pondera;
withdraw (to) = a retrage bani.
THE BANKING SYSTEM IN ENGLAND
accountant’s department = departamentul de
contabilitate; bankrupt = faliment;
buying rate = curs de cumparare;
charter/law/act = act de constituire a unei institutii
sau organizatii economice, lege;
coinage = batere de monede;
currency issue = emisiune monetara;
discount = discounting = scontare;
discount houses = casa de scontare;
discount market = piata a scontului;
discount rate = taxa a scontului;
fiduciary issue = note issue = emisiune fiduciara de
bancnote;
foreign exchange market = piata valutara;
foreign exchange rate = curs de schimb valutar;
Government’s bank = banca guvernului;
hub = centru de activitate / de interes;
joint - stock banking company = societate bancara pe
actiuni;
lender of the last resort = creditor de ultima instanta;
lending institutions = institutii care acorda
imprumuturi; institutii de imprumut;
merchants bank = banca de afaceri;
money market = piata monetara;
mutual fund = fond mutual;
overdraft = descoperit in cont; sold debitor; suma
trasa din cont fara acoperire.
rate of interest = rata dobânzii;
selling rate = curs de vânzare;
subsidiary = filiala unei banci;
borrow (to) = a da cu imprumut;
draw a cheque (to) = a trage un cec;
lend, lent, lent (to) = a lua cu imprumut;
National Debt = datoria guvernului;
retail bank = activitate bancara cu amanuntul;
Treasury = Trezorerie (in SUA: Ministerul Finantelor);
Treasury bills = bilete de trezorerie;
trust bank = banca de custodie;
turnover = cifra de afaceri;
OTHER BANKING SYSTEM IN THE WORLD
chairman = presedinte;
Board of Governors = consiliul guvernatorilor;
money supply = masa monetara
discount rate = taxa scontului;
savings banks = banci de economii;
vault cash = numerar in casierie;
pension and retirement funds = fonduri de pensie;
failure = esec, faliment;
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation = FDIC =
Fondul federal de asigurare al depozitelor;
merge (to) = a fuziona;
Federal Reserves = Fed = este o agentie
independenta, creata in 1913, care supervizeaza si
verifica bancile de stat care fac parte din Sistemul
Federal Reserve;
European System of Central Banks = ESCB = Sistemul
European al Bancilor Centrale;
European Central Bank = ECB = Banca Central
Europeana;
minimum reserves = rezerve minime obligatorii;
MONEY SERVICES
advise = sfat, informatie; (aici) aviz;
Airmail Transfer = transfer prin posta aeriana;
application form = formular de cerere;
at sight/at presentation = la vedere/la prezentare;
available funds = fonduri disponibile;
Banker’s draft = polita bancherului;
banking clerk = functionar bancar;
banknotes = bancnote;
bearer = purtator;
bearer bonds = titluri la purtator;
blank endorsement = andosare in alb;
by air = pe calea aerului;
by cable = telegrafic;
by endorsement = prin andosare;
by ordinary trasfer of debts = prin simplul transfer al
creantelor;
cash = numerar, bani lichizi;
cashier = casier;
certificate cheque = cec certificat;
cheque = cec;
cheque payable to bearer = cec la purtator;
client = customer = client;
coins = monede;
collect (to) = a incasa;
collection process = procesul de incasare;
compulsory mentions = mentiuni obligatorii;
cross = barare;
crossed cheque = cec barat;
drawee = tras;
drawee bank = banca trasului, in acest caz banca
platitoare;
drawer = tragator;
duties = indatoriri; sarcini;
endorse (to) = a andosa;
endorsement = andosare;
endorser = persoana care efectueaza andosarea;
exchange risk = risc valutar;
expenses = cheltuieli;
general cross = barare generala;
give instructions (to)= a da instructiuni;
holder = detinator;
input messages = mesaje de intrare;
interest charges = cheltuieli cu dobanda;
interest incomes = venituri din dobanzi;
International Money Order = mandat de plata
internationala;
3
International Payment Order = ordin de plata
internationala;
not to order = nu la ordin;
notify and pay (to)= a notifica si a plati;
order form = formular de ordin;
output messages = mesaje de iesire;
overseas bank = banca cu sediul in strainatate;
owner = proprietar;
passbook = carnet de cec;
payee = beneficiary = beneficiarul unei plati;
paying bank = banca platitorului;
payment by cheque = plata prin cec;
payment in cash = plata cu numerar sau in bani
lichizi;
postal orders = mandat postal;
proceeds = venituri;
remit funds aboard = a remite fonduri in strainatate;
remittance by post = remitere prin posta;
remittance telegraphically = remitere telegrafica;
remitter = remitent;
securities = titluri de valoare;
simple remittance = remitere simpla;
special cross = barare speciala;
special endorsement = andosare speciala;
specimen signatures = specimen de semnaturi;
Standing order = ordine de plata permanente;
Telegraphic transfer (TT)= transfer telegrafic;
be valid (to) = a fi valabil;
traveller’s cheque = cec de calatorie;
ELECTRONIC BANKING SERVICES
debit cards = carti de debit;
Electronic banking services = servicii bancare
electronice, adica servicii
efectuate prin calculator;
electronic cash = numerar electronic;
electronic cheque = cec electronic;
electronic money = moneda electronica, bani
electronici;
electronic signature = semnatura electronica;
fraud = frauda;
network = retea;
~ transmission = retea de transmisie;
password = parola;
PIN = Personal Identification Number = numar
personal de identificare;
POS = Point of Sale Terminal = locul vanzarii;
record (to) = a inregistra;
user = utilizator;
telephone banking = banca la domiciliu.
OTHER ELECTRONIC BANKING SERVICES
Electronic Funds Transfer = EFT = Transfer Electronic
de Fonduri;
money transfer = transfer de bani;
Automated Teller Machine = ATM = ghiseu automat
de numerar;
EFT-POS = Electronic Funds Transfer to the Selling
Points Terminals
= transferul electronic al fondurilor la locul vanzarii;
credit cards = carti de credit;
store cards = carduri de magazin;
debit cards = carti de debit;
retailer = detailist;
magnetic strip = banda magnetica;
cash dispensing = distribuitor de numerar;
balance inquiry = solicitarea soldului contului;
POS = Point of sale = punct de vanzare;
keyboard = tastatura;
Joint-stock banks = banci pe actiuni
Money market = piata monetara.
BANKER - CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP
accountant = contabil;
Act/charter/law = lege;
adequate level of solvency = nivelul adecvat al
solvabilitatii;
application to open an account = cerere pentru a
deschide un cont;
banker/bank = banca;
Banker-customer relationship = relatia dintre banca
si client;
banking procedures = proceduri bancare;
building societies = societati de constructii;
creditor = creditor;
current savings deposit = depozit curent de
economii;
customer/client = client;
deal (to) = (a face o) tranzactie (cu);
debtor = debitor;
deputy = (aici) delegat; adjunct;
disbursement = plata, achitare;
duties and rights = obligatiuni si drepturi;
forgery = frauda;
insurance company = societate de asigurari;
legal person = persoana juridica;
lend (to )= a imprumuta (pe);
license/authorisation = licenta / autorizatie;
licensed deposit taking institutions = institutii
acreditate sa constituie/ primeasca depozite;
mortgage = ipoteca;
natural person = persoana fizica;
overdrawn = fara acoperire;
proceeds = venituri;
recognised banks = banci acreditate;
sealed = sigilat;
sight interest = dobanda la vedere;
solicitor = avocat;
theft = furt;
be entitled to (to) = a fi imputernicit (sa);
be supplied with (to) = a fi alimentat cu;
complete/conclude a contract (to) = a incheia un
contract;
finish/terminate/cancell a contract (to) = a rezilia un
contract;
mortgage (to) = a ipoteca;
open an account with (to) = a deschide un cont;
pass on (to) = a statua;
vest somebody to do something (to) = a investi pe
cineva sa faca ceva;
Trustee Savings Bank = banci de incredere
specializate in detinerea
economiilor (un fel de CEC);
RISKS MANAGEMENT
credit institution = institutie de credit;
risks management = administrarea riscurilor;
financial risks = riscuri financiare;
foreign exchange risk = risc valutar;
liquidity risk = risc de lichiditate;
interest rate risk = riscul ratei dobanzii;
operational risk = risc operational;
own funds = fonduri proprii;
commitments = angajamente;
solvency = solvabilitate;
banking rating system and the early warning system
= sistem de
avertizare timpurie si de stabilire a rating-ului de
tara;
level of large exposures = nivelul expunerilor mari;
minimum level of the capital = nivelul minim al
capitalului;
administrative procedures = proceduri
administrative;
internal control procedures = proceduri de control
intern;
4
classification of credits = clasificarea creditelor;
large loans = imprumuturi mari;
loans granted to the debtors in special relations with
a bank = imprumuturi acordate debitorilor care se
afla in relatii speciale cu banca;
liquidity = lichiditate;
debt service = serviciul datoriei;
doubtful credit = credit indoielnic;
interest rate risk = riscul ratei dobanzii;
off balance sheet items = elemente in afara bilantului
contabil;
prudential measures = masuri de prudentialitate;
credit risk = riscul de credit;
watch credit = credit in observatie;
doubtful credit = credit indoielnic;
loss credit = credit de pierdere;
shareholder = actionar;
own capital = capital propriu;
grant a credit (to) = a acorda un credit;
financial-accounting department = departamentul
financiar-contabil;
assets = active;
BANKS AND LENDING
accountant = contabil;
auction credit =credit de licitatie;
borrowed funds = fonduri atrase (imprumutate);
capability = ability = capacitate; abilitate;
currency risk = riscul de schimb valutar;
fixed interest rate loan = imprumut cu rata dobanzii
fixa;
floating interest rate loan = imprumut cu rata
dobanzii flotanta;
legal person = persoana juridica;
lending = imprumut;
lending facilities = facilitati legate de acordarea
imprumutului;
liabilities = pasive;
liquidity risk = riscul de lichiditate;
Lombard credit = credit lombard;
loss = pierdere;
market risk = riscul pietei;
minimum capital = capital minim;
operational risk = riscul operational.
own capital = capital propriu;
paid up capital = capital varsat;
physical person = persoana fizica;
preferential credit = credit preferential;
purpose = destination = scop / destinatie;
 repayment = plata;
solicitor = avocat; (amer. procuror);
solvency ratio = rata solvabilitatii;
special credit = credit special;
standard credit = credit standard;
structural credit = credit structural;
substandard credit = credit substandard;
supplementary capital = capital suplimentar;
weight (to) = a pondera;
variable interest rate loan = imprumut cu rata
dobanzii variabila;
watch credit = (aici) credit in observare
RATES OF EXCHAGE
accepted = acceptat;
appreciation = apreciere;
balance of payments = balanta de plati;
branch = sucursala;
capital account = cont de capital;
capital foreign exchange operations = operatiuni
valutare de cont de
capital;
capital transactions = tranzactii de capital;
commodity exchange = bursa de marfuri;
covering exchange rate = acoperirea cursului de
schimb valutar;
current account = cont curent;
current foreign currency operations = operatiuni
valutare curente sau
operatiuni valutare de cont curent;
current transactions = tranzactii curente;
deals = tranzactii;
delay = intarziere;
delivery = livrare, distribuire;
demand = cerere;
depreciation = depreciere;
devaluation = devalorizare;
direct quatation = cotatie directa;
direct investment = investitie directa;
due penalties = penalitati scadente;
exchange control = foreign exchange control =
control valutar;
exchange office = exchange bureau = casa de
schimb valutar;
exchange rate = curs de schimb valutar;
failure = esuare; esec;
firm quotation = cotatie ferma;
fixed exchange rate regime = regimul valutar cu un
curs de schimb fix;
foreign currency = foreign exchange = valuta;
foreign exchange market = piata valutara;
foreign exchange intervention = interventie valutara;
foreign exchange restrictions = restrictii valutare;
foreign exchange risk = risc valutar;
foreign exchange transactions = tranzactii valutare;
forward exchange rate = curs de schimb valutar la
termen;
forward operations = forward transactions =
operatiuni la termen;
headge = acoperire;
hedging = tehnica de acoperire a riscului valutar;
indirect quatation = cotatie indirecta;
individuals = persoane fizice; indivizi;
international debt = datorie externa;
international reserves = rezerve internationale;
international trade = comert international;
legal framework = cadru legal;
legal persons = persoane juridice;
loss = pierdere;
managed float regime (dirty float) = regim valutar
controlat;
moderate amounts = sume moderate, (aici) sume
aferente cheltuielilor
curente de intretinere a membrilor familiei, care pot
fi justificate ulterior cu documente.
monetary unit = unitate monetara;
non-residents = nerezidenti;
offer = oferta;
outright transactions = tranzactii complexe de
vanzare-cumparare de valute;
own norms = norme proprii;
purchase order = ordin de cumparare;
quotation = cotatie;
reimbursement = rambursare;
rejected = respins;
residents = rezidenti;
retail market = piata en-detail; piata cu amanuntul;
revaluation = revaluare;
settlement = (aici) decontare;
share capital = capital social;
spot exchange rate = curs de schimb valutar la
vedere;
spot operations = spot transactions = operatiuni la
vedere;
spread = marja; diferenta dintre cursul de schimb de
vanzare si cumparare, sau dintre dobanda activa si
pasiva a unei banci;
sterilized foreign exchange intervention = interventie
valutara sterilizata;
5
stock exchange = bursa de valori;
subsidiary = filiala;
swap operations = incheierea concomitenta, pe piata
valutara, a doua operatiuni legate intre ele, bazate pe
aceeasi suma de bani: cumparare curenta si vanzare
la termen, vanzare curenta si cumparare la termen
sau vanzare si cumparare la termene diferite.
traded = comercializat, tranzactionat;
trade balance = balanta comerciala;
unsterilized foreign exchange intervention =
interventie valutara nesterilizata;
up-to-date rate = rata actualizata;
wholesale market = piata en-gros;
working day = zi lucratoare;
World Bank = Banca Mondiala;
International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) = Banca Internationala pentru
Reconstructie si Dezvoltare (BIRD).
FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES
options = optiunea reprezinta contractul care acorda
beneficiarului dreptul de a cumpara sau a vinde un
instrument financiar sau o marfa la un pret specificat
intr-o perioada determinata;
option premium = prima pentru o optiune;
call option = optiunea “call” este optiunea de
cumparare;
put option = optiunea “put” este optiunea de
vanzare;
European option = optiune europeana;
American option = optiune americana;
exotic options = optiuni exotice;
interest rate swaps = swap pe rata dobanzii;
currency swaps = swap valutar
currency account = un cont bancar exprimat in orice
valuta, alta decat moneda nationala;
Eurocurrency = un depozit exprimat in orice valuta
detinuta in afara tarii emitente;
Forward contract = contract la termen;
Hedging = asigurarea riscului valutar;
foreign exchange risk = risc valutar;
foreign exchange exposure = expunere valutara;
sovereign risk = risc de suveranitate;
hard currency = valuta forte;
strong currency = valuta forte (puternica);
weak currency = valuta slaba;
foreign exchange control = control valutar;
translation risk = risc de transformare;
transaction risk = riscul operatiunii;
 overseas = abroad = in strainatate;
derivatives = derivate; acestea sunt instrumente
financiare care sunt in esenta un produs secundar al
actiunilor, obligatiunilor etc.
bond markets = pietele obligatiunilor;
borrow (to) = a imprumuta;
lend (to) = a da cu imprumut;
lapse (to) = a decadea; a se scurge;
gamble (to) = a risca; a pierde;
exchange rate arbitrage = arbitraj de curs de schimb;
invoice (to) = a factura
consolidated balance sheet = bilant contabil
consolidat;
open outcry = strigare libera;
initial margin = marja initiala;
financial futures = operatiuni financiare la termen;
clearing house = casa de compensare;
settlement price = pretul de decontare;
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
abroad = in strainatate;
advertising = reclama publicitara;
advising bank = banca avizatoare;
airway bill / air consignment bill = scrisoare de
transport aerian;
arrival = sosire;
at sight = la vedere;
batch = grupa, lot (de marfuri);
bear all risks = suporta toate riscurile;
berth = dana, chei;
bill of collection = incasso documentar;
bill of exchange = cambie;
bill of lading = conosament;
borrower = imprumutat/debitor;
buyer = cumparator;
by-products = produse derivate;
Carriage Paid to = CPT = transport platit pana la...;
Carriage = transport;
carrier = caraus;
certificat of origin = certificat de origine;
Cost, Insurance and Freight = CIF = cost, asigurare si
navlu;
Carriage and Insurance Paid to = CIP = cost si
asigurare platite pana la...
clearance = achitare;
collection = incasso;
commercial documents = documente comerciale;
commitment = angajament;
consignee = destinatar;
consular invoice = factura consulara;
Cost and Freight….= CFR = cost si navlu;
contracting parties = parti contractante;
damaged = avariat;
deferred = amanat;
Delivered at Frontier = DAF = franco frontiera;
Delivered Duty Paid…= DDP = franco destinatia
vamuit…;
Delivered Duty Unpaid…= DDU = franco destinatie
nevamuit…;
Delivered Ex Quay…= DEQ = franco chei;
Delivered ex Ship = DES = franco nava
nedescarcata;
departure = plecare;
documents of title = documente de titlu;
draft = proiect;
ex works = franco fabrica;
fee = taxa;
financial documents = documente financiare;
flight stamp = timbru par avion;
flood = inundatie;
foreign exchange risk = risc valutar;
Free Alongside Ship = FAS = franco de-a lungul
vasului;
free carrier = FCA = franco transportator;
Free on Board = FOB = franco la bord;
freight = navlu;
global amount = suma globala;
handling = manipulare;
harmless = fara pagube;
haulage = transport prin carausie; taxa de transport;
issuer = emitent;
insurance certificate = certificat de asigurare;
insurance documents = documente de asigurare;
insurance policy = polita de asigurare;
international sales contract = contract international
de vanzare;
invoice = factura;
L/C = letter of credit = scrisoare de credit;
documentery letter of credit = acreditiv documentar;
leakage = pierdere/scurgere de cantitate;
legalised/visaed invoice = factura legalizata;
lender = imprumutator/creditor;
letter of introduction = scrisoare de prezentare;
lifting = ridicare;
lighter = slep;
loan contract = contract de imprumut;
lorry-way bill = scrisoare de trasura pentru
transportul rutier;
main carriage unpaid = transportul principal neplatit;
6
mark = marcare;
movement certificate EUR-1 = certificat de miscare
EUR-1;
non delivery = nelivrare;
notifying party = partea notificatoare;
offloaded = in afara incarcaturii;
on behalf of somebody = in numele cuiva;
outstanding = neplatit, restant, important;
packaging = ambalare;
packing list = lista de ambalaj;
Parcel Post Receipt = recipisa de coletarie;
port of call = port de escala;
preamble = preambul;
pro forma invoice = factura proforma;
Promissory Note = bilet la ordin;
pursuant = conform;
railway bill = rail consignment note = scrisoare de
trasura pentru
transportul feroviar;
raw materials = materii prime;
rediscount = rescontare;
rejection = respingere;
right - hand corner = coltul din dreapta;
riot = revolta;
SAD = Single Administrative Document = document
administrativ unic;
sales contract = contract de vanzare;
sample = mostra;
ship = vas, nava;
shipping documents = documente de transport;
spoilage = alterare;
strike = greva;
supersede (to) = a inlocui;
supplier = furnizor;
term of delivery = termen de livrare;
term of payment = termen de plata;
TIR book = carnet TIR;
be assessed (to) = a fi evaluat;
be discounted (to) = a fi scontat;
be encountered (to) = a fi lovit / ciocnit;
be impended (to) = a fi iminent;
be labelled (to) = a fi etichetat;
be posted (to) = a afisa, a lipi;
be tailored (to) = a fi confectionat / ajustat;
bind-up (to) = a lega;
check (to) = a verifica;
fall due (to) = a fi scadent;
fall under somebody heading (to) = a cadea sub
jurisdictia cuiva;
fill in (to) = a completa;
 forfeit (to) = a pierde prin confiscare; a pierde un
drept;
mix (to) = a amesteca;
pump (to) = a pompa;
rediscount (to) = a fi rescontat;
stamp (to) = a timbra, a stampila;
wire (to) = a telegrafia;
trade mark = marca fabricii / marca de comert;
truck = camion;
trustworthy = demn de incredere;
type of packaging = mod de ambalare;
validity = valabilitate;
VAT = tax on added value = TVA (taxa pe valoarea
adaugata);
wasting litigation = actiune in justitie in cazul unei
pierderi;
worthiness = credibil;
written evidence = document scris;
METHODS OF PAYMENT OR SETTLEMENT
ability = capacitate; abilitate
advance payment = plata in avans;
cash flow = flux monetar;
clean collection = incasso curat;
D/A (acceptance of documents) = acceptarea
documentelor;
D/P (against payment) = documente contra plata;
dispatch = expediere;
documentary collection/ bill of collection = incasso
documentar;
domestic trade = comert interior;
drawee = tras;
foreign trade = comert exterior;
guarantee of payment = garantie de plata;
liabilities = pasive, obligatii;
open account = cont deschis;
responsibilities = responsabilitati;
security = (aici) garantie;
statement of account = extras de cont;
cancel the order (to) = a anula un ordin;
grant a credit (to) = a acorda un credit;
DOCUMENTARY CREDIT/ LETTER OF CREDIT
accepting bank = banca acceptatoare;
advising bank = banca avizatoare;
applicant = (aici) ordonator;
at sight = la vedere;
certificate of analysis = certificat de analiza;
confirming bank = banca confirmatoare; lines of credit = linii de credit;
consignment = transport de marfa; insolvency = incapacitate de plata;
country risk = risc de tara; instalments = plata in rate;
deferred payment = plata amanata; lease (to) = a inchiria;
documentary credit/ letter of credit = acreditiv financial lease = leasing financiar;
documentar; lessee = persoana care inchiriaza; persoana care
expiry date = data de expirare; plateste o suma de bani pentru proprietatea
forward contract = contract la termen; inchiriata;
indebtedness = stare de indatorare; lessor = persoana care acorda o inchiriere; persoana
inspection certificate = certificat de inspectie; care ofera spre inchiriere;
International Chamber of Commerce = Camera rental contract = contract de inchiriere; loom =
Internationala de Comert; razboi de tesut; gherghef;
irrevocable credit = acreditiv irevocabil; rent = chirie.
issuing bank = banca emitenta;
payment in advance = plata in avans; GUARANTEES OR BONDS
revocable credit = acreditiv revocabil;
shipment = incarcatura; guarantee = bond = garantie;
tenor = maturity = scadenta; bank guarantee = garantie bancara;
trustworthiness = credibilitate; guarantor = garant;
worthiness = credibilitate; tender = bid bond = garantie pentru licitatie;
assignment of the proceeds of a credit = cesiunea performance bond = garantie de aducere la
acreditivului indeplinire;
retention bond = garantie de retinere;
SHORT-TERM FINANCE EXPORTS demand guarantee = garantie la cerere;
principal = ordonator;
short-term finance = finantare pe termen scurt;
factoring = invoice discounting = colectarea
datoriilor este o finantare pe termen scurt utilizata in
comertul international si are la baza un contract
incheiat intre o parte numita furnizor si o alta numita
factor;
factoring chain = lantul de factoring este o retea
internationala a tuturor companiilor de factoring;
principal = rata de capital;
schedule of the repayment = scandentarea platii
ratelor de capital si dobanda;
minute = proces verbal;
MEDIUM- AND LONG-TERM FINANCE FOR EXPORT
supplier credit = credit furnizor;
buyer credit = credit cumparator;
ECGD = Export Credits Guarantee Department =
Departamentul de
Garantare a Creditelor de Export a fost infiintat in
anul 1991 pentru a-i asigura pe exportatorii britanici
contra unor riscuri care apar in comertul exterior.
onus = raspundere, obligatie;
overseas debt = datorie externa;
default (to) = a nu-si indeplini obligatiile;