TUDOR POSTELNICU MIHAL MUNTEANU BETON ARMAT | partea a Il-a CALCULUL ELEMENTELOR DE BETON ARMAT | Sea | Bucuneyt© MATRIX ROM, CUPRINS CAPITOLUL7 ‘CALCULUL ELEMENTELOR DIN BETON ARMAT commana maOHa A CERGERS nee Dov MVATAMANTL ‘LL, CONSIDERATII INTRODUCTIVE z 72, CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA TA INCOVOIERE, CU SAU FARA EFORT AXIAL 72.1, lode 72.2. Meda gener de cls 723, Metin Spied ees 72, Cal a aria de eset lle Sinton amt ncovei ‘A Elemente c setae drepinghilre singe amie ‘Elona cu sone depen bl arma Elrantee sote i frm dT 0 B a 2 [ Besa GP icc Napa Rot 2222 FUR 2 712.8 Cals a warn iit de einents leer din teton sma soistnt n compresane excels ‘7a Conder aretve 72.52 Cen de compresiame excentin 72.83, Call de compresne exentn 7.54. Engen oats spicata a eb de Inert 7255, Proprit de defermare postelatice se seth ior lontlr slate insorlare ous Sr ft Pil de compresine [256 Blt vee laments comprinute RS, Caco I sare nit de revisor nen {sor di beton mst soit In incvesee ace ct o » 2 8282 SBN (10) 973-755 044-7 ISBN (13) 978 -973-785-044-6 z ® Ee ‘or set al ms [1246s iid eine sone in Reese ea m418. 1 1 1261, Coder inode 72062 Inner cen co exert mare 7263, iminiee exons cu ecm ica 13. CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA TA ACTIUNEA FORTELOR TAIETOARE. 75:1, Consider nzodtive 73.2. Maede de cael a otis fort wltoare 733, Caell pase 173A Asipaaen la moment fcooior inset! isinte 1135. Hlenete din ton sat ie amar versa 173.6. Comte sure 737 Resid ln srapangeraclemeris in beton sm 738 lace apd Reza dite 1739, Rebteta fea ap plana de nec ete z ‘CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA TA. Conder nodsctve 72 Dinensnare ements oct tse pe baz ‘rod de gn cu ele ‘73 Aten combina fort wore moment EY FEERERER2 @ “Tha. Aspect soar comps inovwiereosane CALCULUL EFORTURILOR UNITARE IN BETON St ARMATURA IN STADIUL DE EXPLOATARE. ‘CAUCULULLA STAREA LIMITA DE FISURARE. 7st laos 716.2. Cael efor de fsurare 763. Cael a sta ita Se eschdeeosrrns<- “Te, Caz elements arate ca proces mii arma 163 Cale dechr Hauora elements ema CALCULUL A STAREA LIMITA DE DEFORMATIE 112. Mosel ecaleul igiiatt 4173, Cael pati a sneer 117A, Conde deformstr de orcare CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE OBOSEALA Taiioduere 7182, Comporare bose a elemental dn bet arma 743. Cabs race BRRE2 EE BEEZ 22 2 BRR “ 6 o ‘ZONE DE DISCONTINUITATE LA ELEMENTELE DE [BETON ARMAT. [ELEMENTE CU COMPORTARE BIDIRECTIONALA, 79.2. Laspee pact znelor de dominate 793, Conpoowse model degrada ca abraleecivlete 17958. Alegren contiguratebrlor in mods de gids co a F2a2 SceRTOPERERnETerneUeNENrNNNNNeL I1.4, CONSIDERATIINTRODUCTIVE, ‘Alcea model srr Ei priectres elemctlr de ton ara snplic pusrpers apr i 71. ees = Weems ‘nce despa less de camer de nears, ve sa te cn epertile curs in ach scala din... pot ps De exe ‘eta hcl ne ncn’! neal louie pn ache ate ‘nevus denoware- dsc ‘ova dies sectuar eto ican de armas detente pe trn conilr de reset (op 1) ssc dn ale prc de vse, de lp a desc fur tao tomar ut cere even see, ‘eer dennis kuna, ‘Mota de cl lex de btn aut prez aco. ce ummm te he 0 soe de psi spline refs la opera ‘stem 07.1 Soe RT Colla sre eta de esis ear po cama (6.1). und Sug pei fr esl satin ia sine in oe se pout rade ‘Silicone Sy erent fr capable tne. Valet Sn $9 ohne in calcul stir cosdennd ferare ovale. e-sakal peel ce a dezmusjoae. Valor Sus eb coer dia friorustirepe ese i sd ef cole sale deal ale Feetctlor bt amis, Obl calle SLR este de a tina rate So Ipsec de banal ale sunt yale pen ckmecelesnctae laa (Ge tp ban). STAS 1010 70:90 site fle lr xn xl plato ple ‘lars nome pe lal mad, procum ince l wor mest de pai line, oor in pind ar (eam mn de empl, pet seta de Been co ') Ans cand sare de fra ote camps, de exp ot Inco falter (6.1) ocx un up de ei, acre ‘Se consent ip delta combina eet. ‘) La como came de bon umat mapas prc pir sabia eon lam) lise Jo magn sar de west La ‘Semone ire de bo et svat gues pin Hira soptors 8 (ete gine de fbr ete rza de gat iia 2 sect sale raver. Tne ext ee sgel cero conprinse de bon arm cosa prin vss val Sa dn) p om neal cd {Walser In cane crease as ose nl metodo spine cae Cons nrc rn ofc rnin momen de el12, CALCULULLA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA LA TINCOVOIERE CU SAU FARA EFORT AXIAL a.taraducsre Cola ase lim de reset a coolest fin fit eres igre len debt art it de ope in ses normale emseser, Ao coc e TTR ‘Daa sport etm men incvostor Mcsnie a pspl sec mn cs pc eel al tN pal i een ae roca pimp «pct (72 sms slices ete deans: sila Tocoroi eps ata ote pre x det vedo M FERRI RCEEREEEEEE Coatinaie de foci M si N aso st ini de rex st repeats pin eb fit de raracane din 73 (eoprenete ace& ‘Sitter de corr etonle Mat N emp o anu etn) Asta cats ‘i sme su mn rapr cx xa Np com scien de oo arate ‘Shain sa min apr ove pci a de ome we rode eon @e73). maine. Dect ves! monet covceer mi se supapune peo sa piace sect ot dee pc deep ett No ene pat hg eh col (f74 an denen ee sola aero bl i aea ete pari ou dein vsti M (O40) Tn acs cazcombizatin de “hen (en componente MM) sN ae star eta recent exe ‘spe aie nei 675 spin Serie re cc efter dat ste dca pus de od Gece domes tnt do exe de eatin 2 a a cana Ma Ms ses rec et sin dine nr pnt apc da utc dom sta par) eared iis Non count, ol oi ve pone soe soho MS May la) nih ay) rena, = ca exons ete constants ate contin de vere se sb fens MMW 02) Fle events (71) (72) se flsse in fn de ip etl ae protic amet never eft ea Stun = tcoepunde al be ws cr pote de cms amis (fg. 7.1) Shai yc conspunde tel Se Ta dm tel ect de ben ama sabes amar eit ‘exe cb denen cine pact de conan N, Ms rempety,Pete farsa de iat continental do cool N, My Mp Cale a arent eet 5 prt prin dos mtd: 4) Motoda general de cael tan pe eieaea ex 8 condor ttn, pomeoe sie peru botana conidia,‘ples mstodl sepicate. 122. Msoda seseaa. decal Meta lca usta poten decal (62.7.7) «cones parm noma Tn at enema raise plana dope dermare Gera hi Beouly 4 mmr unc npr cu bt, 1 Sftee tre om tetool compet sia emai renin ize ‘comer ¢ din cube cenit, le bonis le arm (ex fetaai2bs + sce nol ng este it rests combi de er Mav ce condone fe le dope deforma spec une In bec ‘Sorin fee depen Sf tine warm nse Se pot denies tei deme sit, n oom dnre acs, stl epee tigen rin anaes uel asada specie. ‘Asti ican rim deen opr sec we ora ing fom seen rn cena ie scl (74) na omen pre ese ‘Geet de align deat ye Sra rena comin (7.8) i at ‘Gomi (csr de fap x ncegs su est compet) degre fin extrema compa a derail yan (780) ae im omen fe deen sae ele are coin an eta elomatia seo = By 1 &, | a) b) = abe ) |e" gee Tenth By re te pot co manda snp de clo meds gen pein«se pute apc a ste fame de sein de bon ema, mae ferences ep ca slp cen ob, “sonra nt opciones sci cat st epaiten do ear pect Sep fl peu demir ett decors i de drs ‘ae ie combing Nal M iii br acct sar ii do re ‘Mets gennla de eel epost spl muna soir co rat at, deci in pions wesc. Ea ms poe bea ea mato de dinensonae ‘eve ds eon ray an aap bza el octal de consent de Safes Site pad sect. Algae deerme aloe moment SEA? Sc pest eben obi a coos cu nu fo al ‘Teen capele precisa ctnare Ne efi a iagaa de erate {E710 coer une cta sinetie Samat nei (@ Se moc vie Nu st No de prise az ee 3 donc corer cer tl moa atte dp Cee oun wai cowspind Gebel debater din fy, 794 sh "loins vcr compte corspasaoae Sa: 03 cy b) am79. Ccorspuvatr lorlor defor spectie se deeming sznd (2oRire Staawetc, are curr uni in zm compa de tel spect i ran Apt pra sare ogc) fr Pe ctor Jaci vers efter ine epee "ip Pan compare vl Ncw Nu si Nw done denial inca sb bates poco (pal de pe) st domain PEST SUERERRTSET ee (Cla contns coca sues sole dn fle miu pat ‘ends bine ova irl exp sete suit de opiate ile {eterna ai) de loca N (6 Dap procreation pele sa for ute [ese ase ta de rest, se etm eer capabl Mo ‘Sede moment apr cu ml puncte sec. Moda gna do ck mi pst practic fla deat co - pte fp jo 172.3. Meta simpiieata decals Motos splits de cael tas pe adotarensnr size ead isbn cbr po seine stl at cone sae i digi astra fs parmia rehares problenel Acre dui coments de eft pe ‘echune di fine de ponies etre soon a sare ade estes. ia pct de vec l merode spite wp ei ae sal cnt spinecta fied ial MQ prez a 72, samme+ siti cae crepe am in care eat A, gang iia de “+ sti iin cre arate ink de defi (4 2 | finp cers A, sta cent xe ncn este oi 0 Din defies stk nie M iQ dea 7.22 str B si Crean umatoae 1) Dacn #54 code se daoe cde soe compres, La ‘apres in vetnen consents amuturs A, pat uma pe pa doer Gig cam est mal mics mat mae dome. Dc F > hy aminen As ‘nna sectine de ben corte "Dae #< % colre seers cde amt Daca > 2, sei ama Al so pare da sous de ben at — ‘Dace? snc amanes A's cl as sce ini, e sate corsideee, nck snpiat a nvr fit lp ‘nerve hat arcing 105 stay Pex @ an « Sate precede se Sones and cont de som ai, dps mm ume (65710 «+ call decompress exe ita «+ call de commesine casein sta) ct exlN 6 compesane: 1 nce np nse (a ft a= ‘in stunin (ca Sa ala N de ‘nines + tnd xn ce exec man ss (H). 1 cael cu metoda spin pte adopt inca 5,22 Gin care pre edateaza cedar hon comprise conse vale sin | Gand ip24i (im exe npren we daremn de eet art), 1 omnes precise tc decals perce | Seanridesoltare menos,‘ncovisc es ncaa dana lene nie sa een de sprit plane spe le crcl roma pe na spect pe pan men. ‘Burl tice de clemte asvone tnt gna ple parsed mona (Geil) sa pf (687.11). eine In ranmiees accra rsene, enea momen nso 6 combi ou cet fro nore Io 712 se ere chem ie ‘Somer pence rca # cours fuer iro gids de bon sr Sips mee iooisoare cu talons, Tn zone ceva fle tore sv al! bare rouse, preainand sinen omar nse Pe asst prin, Sues devon noma the cena i et essere doa eat ginal “—Sa* Etim © ewes, In nee dspe creat al singh eet din i712 ele | ttre capes ale mine dep gd, hr aoe moments sowie seal soz, Soule su nents, umaro aieerie efor picowes 734, Ast, pei scl depen, cs pen sect info de ca popu ante mod cbimat i souls de bon ami, mets “Spline oreo precio ona atta pet rere cae 1b Pent dee Getta epic sun! de als und eas eat (1.8) pots 79) In abet 7.1 se da ali preva ia STAS 10107049. Valorie at ote ian in sori fpl on, ee mal mca de 35% ln cul we ‘peoede sa ea. Tehetal 7 Valorie conform STAS 10 MARCA a 9 te ore. (CLASA BETONULUT eas >Beas OB 060 oss nome ass 030 Lita x~ 24s cas ome |< te point, ovale ni pein pu obits pe za dso pe sect in moet cola k= AR, 10) + scutin de mame a apt cu un puns al ni pros pnty sinin Time ected nomen report eon de peste al wat ini x Iraj cu pune de apt areal frat de conpresine dn bet Mobi) ata) anyqatny Inpro de prota ners 2 ur de probleme sm ; Tacarese du dete comple pnd leas sec So ‘lo ara ae ae as eerie capaci eee (momen pail) Sect 4 fbi de dinemona, In sar se cinose core sole (i cana eo momentanver dn sects in care feel sestnen (&: te slnein not tial ule dines ale cesta i a6 oe rel 7.119) ct ed dn rena: coy oatay an eat ou + ete te oo cd 710401105 _sectiunil de beton necunnscute. ar om 4-— wise eps ie i ef cdibsate cai z ny thn ion ud edd cd sotsUhetine opto snare tp nad WjSecans: 4 ReReM ‘Necsus: KIAAL Problems inp 3 ecunsete penta muna dou ecu de eh @MERIFICARE: enzo sebin o se bel set velar vis dn eos sa petal Seomme HAA ALRER, ote Som concer Tn paca ve aloe pe eit esoomise crf do arms, respec apr date ain snl ears cn cr Blo, ‘Orde oper ee mse + sesloge cote de emare Nowe "a dcr ck do ecm apne eu eu ce pon fc drat tance coca de pokcie cae © Spm SLEEIST GS tr nmin corso om rs ee opt ee rerio not pt: cs podabe aay) + navn x eu emma et Ma ae a aby a3) eek he ndaay «se stein scl b= y+ lore se ost mip Tina lr lamp Soy nc na obs. «+e pinot nines la ete set Se propats de aera ria ‘Gael (ne 7.17), a. de amar se etic una Gin rei: Aik a8) as) tera 1. Carats de mara prevnsa in cme alt I noire trie sae peti saa eine enn capt sa, atl epi Procol atts ive bes Se peor roceal minim de amare In Ee contr dope fouraes btn ini smu pat ro sapien de ‘let rea esa dao btn nisl eee rope prac cn ‘Sener dn bon snp. Valores ccf mini de amar an ecet i Par ™ 10nd conta Mog > Me(M,= moet {E> urs) lene rosin de cose pen el sensor, 2 Dae seston desman depasesteo amit abr, nines 208 compenate > nos Au al hnge acre ena cpa proces oar maxi: ii 720) capac do verseta (moment capil) ei alee pti ia ‘deni someon er proves Acasa conc ete conf de ress ‘hte pen plea tel eer eel Maral ape al lero [neovelte crete depth sina rete: Maa bosib oy ‘Deen penta cancun x4 5h, ea Ma 0088 ‘roel matin de mie Fn it nds, de semen, in tbe de cfc. Dia al exes omni cai a At fab aay de ett cy tere dn prc, ea ce "+ modal el ma ft de peri Maecenas by ay + fc inpora lvl manaenl cai ut A, i Ry lets ke 1 sender pati), “+ fin reso nin sectdorb is clit bem se once! pda Insert ment capable sin). 1 BLEMENTE CU SECTTUNE DREPTUNGHILULARA DUBLL ARMATE ‘in comer exits mararone sone invite I ae apr cosine evede nr ema som compra Tule cut, din conideete wiecurle saz final, fain sect ginar elimina Daca ours mins moment apc pa ‘pases yea moneal main e ginal sap ameie (> Mon (ARKPR, i cal bande i ccirr ohisnle) ete secs nar Zoe compris pears Aeros slam mit ain sat de sic mci, ple sect ca nine mica bls arts retand resonate cpa St ‘Gales arate cue mat rue, crore er de Tn ale cur, eas apart de monente mcoolacue de Somme aca in cee seclns rela revelers eum a a parce par (orc in sun splca nl mest nap fig716a) cata pre Ino (ccs pen sus cand in btn atoncaza wn est pov, 7.160),J Am tuo) < Ry Perret determines ef iar dn natin con, shia e exis rite cout de momen in part co a3) em di in mam gt alee se pte mi, Sd cient an ln, par oe poe Tr cam oo emia bad cut ret pelen do Giomnuae yee © ender Senet cowie cu cto epndiian Abin Discos sins in cleo efor sae fn eine et oo dn fer, ame clenetl se erin pea do en, dob ea ea pe eae ecu J man, de el pc arate pre cenl de pene leat dn oma is ase oo capa fame lie Spa com eae arg sao mI conse. Gon ca erat ni sagan cae 6) Conn x armaten in na semen ang aera (p=) Deca sss dou cond int npn cele ou en debi (de fap ce cet sti) cop ome: peer) 2) OVERIECARE Secmose: KAA SLRAR Neco: Map Scesme peti ee + ect d rot (722: Me Raster MM 2) ec er seam Man tak( Sanat hy-h~<, dst daze sl eget cel ous mai omer awit pct semi ub aap comida ate] chin cpl Melee in aman omrinat A dino wens ce A) dn tat eao de moment cpl Ml we sent ‘Epp mate ch oman iit AaA,~ Au (687.17(rotenone) find essa elas sopimeta Dine sie ‘ten ep xa a conor epet oa oe dae cour in de (saa solu Incr coud (A Aa ‘Penea oxesoy copctes tocoa de a prea compres te elo minima Soares ‘Soccer opr ete wnat: Mine 0) 2M = MMe whan ms enh de ‘Dace M- Maltin 720, arts ee inntinin helo cose caper a) mee, eres a HAHA Ae inca <2 au inn rece rea nee: as (RLEMENTE CU SECTIUNE INFORMA DE * tn cite de to sma itn Soca lene coat esd sss nbn de" Catv sop ot ema in 7.18 Th carl pi plowed nook Sng 18218, fa T a cfu 0 rez din soos plac pod ca uma mal peu eo ou ‘lene nol rapa rewict (g7.18c) fom de Teal | ime amen ei ren pra wei Sein ws en ‘vores pier pei pt peat meee ctr. ‘Choose in p78 dso clorasle I dn 718 sept ese pect sl ttc esa“TU T oF al = u rea pana in pc evade al cles, fom sect ne tata de oe ne compte, bon dn on snide sap se As ind contin din 7.1 conde uo indo sone T ‘names cu mamzte priv (6.190), darn al cu momete pga (ee roduc iri a) cae decal ae frma Sein ou tes (plc ines boa (f3719<). REA Om comrate LATIMEA ACTIVA APLACIL a ca in cate a ginal oe are eros ca pain n tie laprlate far in nowoees rt, ne aca denier sa Fase sca tine ctv deine de mst tor + ropa sor acre plas pa eof zn comin, i pt cece ria (7205, + apr inte gore pac imine inn; das ast spat tee ‘Ture la get npc fore’ wre priple de nine ‘tcp alr nora, carscond: ko Saas lp aes rns dn ese) Efe une @ act loon dine in tlp,avand veo ai rede cb cat duns fits de wl rel este yal mar Perr spe (el, nod eoavenial frescoes cots 9 meal pe ‘avalare Re oltine cei (721 D maine 720 cine 721Present en ae i i mit x ‘apeiron cds SL dae pn or bystyne Revers rth bore at fm mi sen thea gsr eu coro (oun nt pine ewe cae ce darn prs ver epson oe 50, deat Asm dense <1 vac cas RELATIDECALCUL: Se adie, confirm potslr geo opt in meta singin do ‘ale, can momenta ripe dai corre n sce ene can 722, ‘de sod etal cv vor flict, ‘conser exper and nous lb args nro pli, lr nia a amu se pone consider oi cu Ry in dis ete psc condii| penile de cls pot narra mai wor dasa sie desconpueret India 89728. Reb de ctv ave secses reals (7.25) i vedo ett cor rein dnaceno descoupanee (0725 bl) ne dont hes 08) yom ox) Brute de chive ssn cops sts in ¢.723 ba Oy Bike dat=0 28) e209Me at 3) ap, in mars emer eile (7.28, 72 ein ie 129) 02). aca x hy calls snp, reacanose I cable sci tepals ame tad inties yi 72, esc cndilorn care coena soins (x 80 x> 0 os ‘sh ums 1) Probleme de verifcare Se callous as sect de amare Ay care pte ea eft do coxprtie po ca nx ise compar scot aba cai A, et de ema proven fia tec Foner lca. Deg eee ADAQ renlmcax> hy NAS renin ” 30) ee mean pet ) 1 (12994 (129) 0 | Caza prac in poe implica sucesinea do operat inca in rare Sa Gea mua eau tzat pe eal deca seco de ‘call @vERcaRE BM betes ASRER: + acon @ Somme bh RoR M Necupiscus: AVX. Ca hy (Cleo efaeaza cape sot dept cu atinesby ‘Din x de mom se bine+ am Gace + halon Valores arms Ag determin resund ecu renga crlaine spl anata sepa a mom neo Semana Atl, dete: + afin ~=1. + ae f acu i CConporars sub ica si mad de cadre al er dpind de ims efor M af pe de 0 pare, a do isasaea efron de ‘ampresie, eda par. Tecan efron M al Q san ail expat ne efor odin meatier et fintic de raat Hh ne flies stip ‘Epes octal wusrenae Acratadepenlena pot ug deve ‘npr Mn expen Fors cone coaporar re else. As encuosetine depp 72.82, Conair iatrodactve lance seal pce per sla de conprene excria nt ‘ene erick suc, tl spre sacral i125 0 pei “fgrunce de fra seca pede de uae eres hsp doco ‘vot, pecunsi frre erate. Su bse x ucts de marine rata frail prose de ‘neacae vera cfr ese pode Sacro ero Geant 5 intl ingen arnt “lc lnc alr eens) in pera aw ox) ‘a lp pst maa compres el eins ‘Deemen soar, compress sau inners xc, se exc pin rae 35) secu cx eos sor dn frat M iN so posts echelon rte ‘plete ceric esx In carl agai 72a fi solar de Fra alte @ ins repress pata gre de momen pnd ‘Serene excel inno econ wt a pagel 72.6 xin 9b ormore alk lain orl oie stp pln pasar la erin acetal ar ponte ve incl atl cr arene de mare esi (e726) Int cota aor Ong capan expres fms: Modu decode lar ete apa Hh pein in fg 727 $e pt ifs et exer emp a cst pur vod ene ai ng (re rot 1h Shap de gine mde (25 = Wh 5) ap sear (= 25) ao - ‘ntowehandese mur septs de arrare rasa ei "Ne refining 10 deere Sapa donne noes 726. | Soper atc, Cale oun sone lies dame espety, tk ‘Spt ng (7.27) reper w mod de pee prac nso ren ‘wou Auta wos ca id cages te el a seen de be) Cen de compress crane pee prt bon in rodent ripe et fae semen epee coe, evieindost | my coma aria a ni inl sain ps ini de cue (oat nemae a, ce acres arate ln dome fae 2% Sutter ap montane cee crencencee mre eetba Psi edema © coop sna cen eon neve (727. inca vor, ae cone eeprom psd ice Tn ci Tt de congrsine rom rapes Se poe tt peo bt Ianper mem de ems pnd dp plans de pee ntl | conrad sos msgs w cape Call sil dbea err de compen sat rlsiv mai (7270) Decree aseocs | Cree ext mre (ope cuca de boo aca #2 imc de pee opt eit cu cis ran ona pent & on |p, atl ca spa pout ca scan arn 8 emia ‘Tomnra tervals pemepe de rote recomana baa namocaris [2° Sen ues antl conga: apes ee momar oo can't ‘Set ago eau ic ein urease pro eit fat rie | Seer sue camps cee mesa i pied ‘nce i ‘ewta fort de compres. In aie in ee in tect opr 3 cra 1a cam subir x propria inte cll aor ale [nr in fae avs desler pot oc ia orm aw, in spor so, xt pote zeal dp Sau inte I oa element vient tite ni (Be127 iGo" = reat ii in cmp, cu att pregull 124 os) = Re en x22 so) < Ry dasa x < 2 otra ceria age one) . = tua de pune de plcatil oes eal aman A, stuns cour de ete al sel ia haem open Rede eho Soma genera: waGe0-% 39) BENG N G6 036) Menta sgl ects pot sl a ona: Memh-hese inom: ene sh-# ee ditmta de Ia prc do apleae al fol xcemice el amet Ay Ta ean x <2 exaiade meme in apr eal mans compina recs saul ca evn expen cal Ua oc Yorn eect Seamatza A ae oan A+Gth-2) ee ee ‘em feo dtr dinero rede le oe compare wre ‘propia ale dines st. 1 cal parla al Scr dengue (5.7296) sul (735), (030 510.37 devas Wh A, oss, Pronponaice and sesh a YAR oss, Meme Ri BeREO50 dob oan (© VERIEICAREA SECTIUNILOR In prac se int dou tte determine a apc de esa 1 dernines cc cpeil cand se cance fil eal N apt in a ‘9 doamiare fr ale capaie ad se caste eet coca $6 coiesaceten, )Secmmase: RAW ALAN "Necmeeote: Man ® in cei de pros eine nse ae open: ead os» + ben <5 me gee cl 136) ae 880 A om) 1 Doct x > ay #6 Wr lh elite de cael corpunatre cai de «+ Doo 2 vues ret cape ee inn de a 7.37 aa WAI, oa + Din bres tere Mey sabia ms tte cana area Na, pou tne ea de fc excoatoratom BALA mah g=MIN=at (6730) Nex W)Sedne + Vatoe se dtina dinero ez de morals apr ca suport ft ‘SoniiceN inca erin mms aces nacmson. any aren anki Be“+ Dig deesinrs vi. No Sle din ecu pro: Nght AAR, oa) ayy acs nelai (745) rea 50 sn are ic, ama compta 3 OMEN aloe pe iri conte, ar amas nis ella ca ncaa bySedme BASAL RARMN ect ine eee dees (Gi) CAZUL PARTICULAR AL ARMATURILSIMETRICE | Dasa Ay= AL ce crm in patois ste, eu de pled (735y nae "Den 7.36) ce -_ om seen ewe We oa) x om m + meson Ass a ot (735) et eri nse: «Beata de ment (735) fiiomannectorl cerepmtrs Spi de leneen eer comin eee. dome <* <1 ft nar sae de a acarea Ry Cue in rz: 4 exdomel << flr unary de 0 wlan -R (Cae én compres) ‘hincssa crs aoe fit nia din emai A + ctl iter oy = (cue prin compesun) in damenil compen ‘pownice- cal l= caumare a lalate amare sb neta tt ent elias conda Ry ca ‘Reads tbat coveted a tn ta deren ‘a donna compres exces = cau Il =n 732. Rela +087 en ‘aun per conidia 732, (<0 sm #508), 172.53. Caml de compresun excetren In done aT de eonpesine ec, imines i opr, etme dst deserters prin ipers Heth con ‘esc aes suns acu ( Re) Distt de derma pe eine tec en dn ogni in 72 Se comet: Valse fr ur 9, sales dpa cums amt in coins: + domernl & © 5 O8, pe bax darbutel defrmailor specce repre pe! ser pane din 733 eb incase detail seep sn: +b dome xg 5 -= h, debra Et «ete compimat eeu, Se dite == 08 (Fe fe7.14) enna tht omain 733 in domenial > Of ween ela: ae os care feat in poe vr Ua a fou wr din arms A, ne ‘loan O peru = Oh Ry pct (667.34) Noth + AA, os) ween anh B 0A ‘car ec do roi exe de pl 2, cal par el (7.52) do ‘pal incl splice (75. 1m gral in cal oar a compres exec - carl TS opt snare striae arin (7.5) een? com cu ote 2 nese ‘tata plas de dense, ct sin ele de veowe: amas Ay sx ‘au ens May xin nl erie. mone 3h, Pei eva ele semi de esl nto eo coef pesca det art sual aeni eapbi. Prat ‘Snort seas blr ue tn maa “Tndromator pentra cle sl akaruren clementlor strata de belon armat= Edie Tonic 1992, 50 rei tase de ‘Seti petty alll compres xcs. Vala cover refer [Wines danni compresun ements cau Tl carl) In 735 pei ‘figura genial pea emi sogst, mod in eae 3 ‘arearn in roblonel de verre sree de menses. meine 73SA can ya pie: Secale lee asia Diab fie desi se seo y= mike, Men = MeN ‘cam denna mm: + Secalnioam aoe nlm + nel inci de ries get sap 4 =o vatak, Mewtoten th $ eat Accepam. simples hy ~ Re cae irodace eet sglable dock scopes erin cr bton "ete minor unaline sec Se evi fn oma adsl ene ecto rn inp oI ‘ig sca pie! ecu ae BOR, Ip cara ek e's doun Cw (inte terse: 36) mein W859 00 sn Renata cin doers xa de conpeize exons ia de ala ‘ab in =Osin=ny~ Ey crbe mf) ht rapeen cent de rats ase aon ro prs ea ena (730. nase Osman ast) inrina deri itm sate pan as eins 736 ‘Ba (7.7) sa edna ipl ies in pct de vee prc (eft inl contant aris n= pment pb dimes st ela hrc vince moi eae ‘Calle excite o jaar ede exe (octal seer deca) evn cn omen cash I de compre exces ria mo et fan risa deo mite iar Accept seat ten Selina, an itn tne eterna pede 9) cae reco ptin pace A (de ooronen =n m=0) iB (ans = ma. in i. omic in cone corres cece vr ot A confit ecanie de amare coc 9 wre ac ses vali 72.55, Propicttle de dformare pestle le elemento site Ininconsee et sa fara ert aul decompreane Propitle de defn pores a semen src pein impor pet seucre de boon numa x 2) snl eae pn relia far i acu in apr ini crepe comers elie Ine so pt obtoe sla a ‘atjowe dn part de veda eee coon De empty cal eal (bts tte ds 877s, comldere wor monecte e deta el 2nan inca elemnkr de bon mt pose vr de at pice pct do 20 pts osu gins (pa 7.373), incre utr eae sol In domenil possi, rrr in “acu plac ‘sua rrr specie plaice ale scorn zon placa (le eam T38 1 Sg. 739 a so prec cube oe reps vrais crus speioe eto) pre fe are coves fa il Je preiine pata social since. nti +2 opt 0 exemare ‘Mimensomla = spect hy Rotel pase @ = eps ‘ara dere ui | compres xcertca. hg.739 bs rez ‘lage deleatilr specie po bce coegnazaore celeron sad de ‘ete,cans 739 1 erase carcttier de defame in dome psc ca secetr ste conadere wlrle le rece cca yo a beta ‘comprnut , cle mal prbabile smu vl de alae su vale inne oth. Penis crepe aor medica exe delves emp Taal de ede tes secon ue rie Cg739 Tae Tek eed oe os) Daca se conse carl gee lama eset, ininen zone conprinss mort rote dn de ete Nam AR-AR, ay ape imparts tor mene eal cu BA exch iain ions Zone compra bie: cay cops relat (61) devine eee as) In con ce piven vlan j seasa se sbiloce pe he dbus utenatlr psioe pe sete in sae de ne cur ems Ap 6) REE rs os laine zoel compas de bon st dtmina pe ban iptezlr 6 ee po sade sual centr eben ama (reap. 474.1) ia 7.39) 0 const ca vole aan fate pt un Calle monsters cs one cops vale pociatia = ‘Se cbirinse nse ever apne sectoral dle i domes ett pineal pra at as)se spree caps de deforms a bso a compen; sent 6 pte ia pi provdees a mut sven efi rice.) 12.56. cal sate alent comprimate erent in clare ree nls clomtle car ete de rs! 1 rere snare cabin ein cel Ge pore deforma a sch Shrmmesse renite dinron ode de ordi! deerminate pe posta deft sta) ant emesis ot fei nce. “e MA IN AgN a) 1) Lalor rede econ de hue (10), fet de cil st pocie nei, Ca dence M = Neto espn (rept (1) fig7Ab), Value N corspnznoare pc A, de rete wee (0) oe Peta slp in cuca Gert aa er sre pon xing 740 stab cmpresine aces, mone nowior ta ls ncaa erin: cael edn Men rad Se 2) tld i, M = Nx ste proprio eu vale cfr ai sh a sage det co Seinen (ve) sat ale pc, or da aon mcr sce depmgtisara et cacti a societal de zee conventional =, ve: y= hg do ant = finensies seca veal dape deta de eine macs bowie Tne slp de ton rato fra vera mit eu ccentiate consi, xl et comole x mand ropes pana cer, mons Iteovorer oan Ia bom erste a mod atm fg7410. Se comm | smal ‘tb fin de seca No, Sa in cea are et ‘ena sine 1) Lawl 102 $3, relate M= RN) se deparcan def frma Ear, pnt xe > (ba) nf 7418). Cac. ct a mae, cue fice ‘rial Il ut mel npr ut et (2) se doparzaza al ml 8 ep (@) intros eth Snide trace laa pet Ay In care corspnde zal sae meh wb tf cal 0 mare @ momen inoietroucanises AM = Ne ©) La yl > 30 cles se poe pode pein pies sai (Gun) incre deb sud sts ie de ingen st na rete (pc Ay pe cu (3) Dap tiger vlc Ny foal cee een dem N= ct. ‘Sap in emtgori > 30 st demu ft ve ei ut dea in corm de Doon ema Ponies cu cre nerve incall infers tsar 2e masoa ia value ocr = Mae "Pr uo salp sts dn rel Meal, la care raga de ‘tube eao cums, cote pat acl ca tunia exci hor oma ery ToseIntodus ou marines corspaatoe saa de oda, pen ce in ee om on) mec deni etn tte de to (ns; mld lasciae letomi rome tal de amare dn otis, ‘manta ieovose dn naar deans crs ca rues © apes (7:72) gus vai a and Gagne Mis aM st ig, (omit eat nema an rarer ira et Stun sins oat {Supe cote ip de cars conduand Ie ec ee hs Go re ld patel exe. “Teese fp aval Noa saa apr ze (10-5 < 0) ae ua 0 seit een, nepcand Hains et (TAB) ‘ete corer ere zat ao expres de cle. ‘a aad slp eae he pate ro snc, expres (171) devine ‘gest rt ses de lngine de arty pd seman (Zica cinove pss vrt est de wr omen sie pe pei. Inf pone efter orn I, respec de aries pena 1 exec ys rooms umole prosaic de cll pu sali de ‘esc ame (0 pou S12 se nies 0 foe um coisa do cel al seater Me nfl ote Be te coe ele (heap (171 oe Ny deter ea frm (1.72), sous pent ‘img de ari va epee ia fine de nan Ieptrir sae vena, ee 12<5 1S et nce ss ethene nal oi al stout ees ai cnr od snlicat pecs fea ems ‘rar mod de iin Ecsta, independ de sea de sli Gi) cae aoe) > 15 wh, gee, Card seas se post ee aceon ell de rin mal pout l sour, and ana | ‘de vriaia mod de rig HI fncte deste desl, hao a owns 7 1 i742 se vdeo in scene bara spi, unde cents cites din ochors ear ronnle eae maxims cca prsne de incale M~ Rey en, iy ne sana zon mit i “fly tein sib ater near rol eo velba ml sh fies in comecian, in cal coset, momewee danas exec {iniamenarc tes uci inne ous rode, Tn cut ce pve values mou de ili iit in alll pn smcedle() a (ly tebe oberat (ig 7b) ca cele de oneal se ‘Soaatunaa pe mara ce elem se apople d sl de etre. De et, EIparle incr verse namie dele pple mb co in Mi (Pienaar (273) Te nil Guo robles eal srt ol exit lpr ee tort de metas pao neal constr vole I Curae putnaie secre sii puricye lapees fr ovina sie, 0 Tiebime pes mare a aos lots noma se defen puns eames (pot isu! dep ari care aren deed, fcc peor de uur, © pet deol mcersms siuctrale de ‘size devoid dp a lb, Adige nc igi suis “pm te tp ene nceon sae mate. 1287, Caen a tare iia de recente ncovsere cin ex =a fara fort asa In cal ges al ui clowt in ton amt sit a eft onl ccm cle, nro secane tmmvenala stand wel prince Ox, Oy (Goat actoneans ‘Nate My My st desi corte ca dtile excenritaloe 8 8 co dime vetrrimomen, con c pein sel psec 96 Foo ‘Seto ints peta moment pe excel pec gem, “hnmatce au fost one ca TA, crenata amet My My el ca, deep, pou My =O, Au 50 pec amare pena mame Me fn sama de se NMeMy rea NMaggrNagy 86 pecs po Timi de iarctine orn 67a. Ico acoel uate 6 ‘nck N-O-M, N-O.6, su ule Esa deere NM 2 My), Ripa NMagy cand M; = 6), cospmnere hati de sSsre ‘Spee exc deapa. Ue vlad etna Ni corp cl ins diner, peril nl MOM, sa crn a span Ft ncn ee crt de fama cel dn 7.4, Meta deb ps ale cool oc, ca an in fia so maith mene "owe", (oetoin genenln Ge 722, 20 twa pe fends sos «condor sce, gumeie 5 fie, expat pt coma nu obles. ‘Rope to calcein prin noel cue eerie wlare de pocede piece pot ‘abort c ucla a die crc ul lbs se sa maria ed 9‘Acca tod cons ia soxinare cri de teeine MagMagy pee Nt (8 prc pen de tl cae val ames 13sbs2 (ey ae ov In fipin 744 sia rea 774 ct aie: «Mt moment ower xe arn ean plan oc OM, att co nghin ia ew Ox acta + MM compose monet Ma plane O, 0 dei in ad ant i rl7a. Yale . : ‘obs ip ta eas : ‘bn @ tech | Osimwb | O>tak in | aattat | OPA neh on i ae 1 2 135 rm 10 0 13s iss ae 4 120 10 ry 5 120 as 135 a6 138 as rr a7 1s 130 10 8 a TI m7 ia sce saa reat on pra pane decane deine ad nae asi cacti rin cove adnerional 2 = NAM, si Call prac in price implon mecutines de opera iat tine dealt mama acu Bat pe eaters dem eon alte (O YERIEICARE Seema: hy he AGRER, [Nesmoeoae: Man es eon opt es png snl me (e724. # Mgnt anh) cal + aor ttntneln abide + anaohninoae eet, {a wa weal cle + ntibade ‘Valor arma determina estan ectane depth ulate sips ema aps lau ome incovitr: faye -0,-on A" As deteina: eae Bn. Vee of agntete 72:1. Coniderntinrodvtve netic scale tice peu slic de compress exci a ‘level ere uct, si sl pret src In i125 0 prea ‘Sagan de forc sctma phe de beer rene rape deca (viet, pecan sf etate. ‘Se observer a fit do mane relate a focal pode do Inca vert a efraror eile pods dere ezoale Genuite 1 nb ngs cut “fc nec al esr edz) in sal, plots cen ese Inca pg 7.2m fri solar de (lesoine ence car tnd ence a at parr 726 vr Fm "ra7 Tl ens 725, CComporurea sib laareai si nl do cadre al ear din’ de Irate efor M si Q pe doo pas de inencaea efor de cotreste, pe daa ats Teac efrarr M af sa ali exist ie ere © in ments eforrie + ete fete de apo Hinze inne stp ‘ere sec arr, Acca pendent pons fsogera de lore ‘por oa emrintn pcr cole computa Kae ele, Aa, er osectnne dreena siz a 2) oy) orate sip eprecina pani gre ene put aModal ec lpr ore rapart Hh presi a. 727-Se ot enti cp de a dn ace pet eve amano sis rg (a ‘Seaport Hk stall de ngs mei (2.5 < Hh 5) taser = 25). aos : a f Spi ng (g.727 2) erin vn od erp prc ei de ea | tase Ata eect it ecrpresine et (ely etre Se te) ens 726, Al secu vera pln pre ein a rezeroru cular di FAN fan te " asit-as es mas roeComporare a ners semen sels a ncovole x eft wi dinars pine de xen e,~ MIN ted isin in oper teal de geome ol sc. ‘Dash pncal de epee al fest exconie ese st Is exterior cna, seston de bton s esta 9 zon aia do betos compet Seite de efornc po sotne ext sila ca co in al nsvos ‘cai ecompresineexenin. “Acca sno de obcinre ete denanitsiniadee exseica cu csentiafe mas. f ‘ace punt despise a fre exeaioe exe st ne amatl depen xem secu, fle sube nseaga satin de btn, ase {neat moment pec sant actin amar, err elo eine ours ‘chilies sctunes exer apctaeement.Acet ip de slciare et ‘num nner ence. cxeniciate ica as) ‘Referndse acon de feratone ii in 874, crspenentoare nai) secur sinetce ct armare sneties, cle dou dooen de SARA os) ‘Sunportiestsoprt de pnctal C. Aces corspunde un fo ail y {sides No= AJ. on wma fp ca spat ol exceiion cic cx ‘Sl ematrrine de seine most nero. Theol N= N, (conden ofa de nner poi) a mena ‘apa se dervoliso zona conpinata de bon. Ropees intervie fe pn ‘Epes dfn cin race cmprina de beton (N= Ne), Be ea ‘ngres deforma In armature inna (N 2 Na). ln acl ral Del snpliete so sdmie in iteg domenll nine excentice co eeviclite me an se consider conte de rope corspaztoare ‘Shdomesiht N< Ng rape conde din ctl incoveie ant a enpresiicxcenze = cami L Aces ipotea smpieaous, del co ‘Grntrdscoperior ca unre conrad argh ma ‘mae cool el (GTA, strode ere mepibie Se cantata oa relate (742) si (85) se po ctne dc din rele (1387s (7367 corspnantowre sobs de compress eesention-cazal, _sinband sel forts _ "eS Model pace de msl problema de vere de imenionsre eine eu cel din xl de conpesine exec din acest mi ma Geen De asm, dara sun respette conde piv marine ros mrt, lle (72) (7.83) se mois as can art pec al _Sreompresime oceac, “1263 Intindere eeentrion cn exonrctate lea Inca ecto since teat snes ma general, ncaa in ‘care ps de apc al fel N eine cine cu cel de wea ‘Srnfurior As cua lant do inracne ne press cain 74. Sten fina de eitata ete acl congo var Ry ba amatra Ay i are ‘msec over adc nie Tree in momenta oper amar dea ceataexteinte a sect mugs a cigs, pnt expinaen ecb se tiara 0 ec de 11362 Intindereexcentren ev ecentrctate mare ‘tba conderta fn eal a efetaror pe secu ete oa da | fig742, Pests sinpinen"dcael a concn carl sectusr epg, ‘Aitand cura genera al amerit nesinetice si aiuad ca sunt cone se My = ARAN) a3) An) sou cui ig 48, daca Ana)“ =a) Pcie de valle minive we afr de inindere 3) moment Inco (6743) waren ia de retents ene asia Be cu erga sari A fe ca exper arma A, Pen carl niga, porta recline CD care de inert corspusand carer amar Ayr cou: ee = L M i x i “EN tere » i ” men : 2 Fo sia SZ ats — Bg ARAN) os, Mesa My [Ah 0) -A a7, Reza ca daca dba de intentne sre configura in fg 7. petra val le fr de iid mal mil deca Ne ~ 24yRy contin de erste presopens ca moment M split sec sistice lis: Mg $M Mae 38) acs Ne~ AMRy > Ne een vir ela (7. seein st eo anata soma dome ide cu excesiae ae. De exempt, Groans 0-sh awa atin! aceasta sate itervine dace AZ COSA,17, CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA ILA ACTIUNEA FORTELOR TAIETOARE 73.1, CONSIDERATHL INTRODUCTIVE capi aac + aia comportaca I pees cal a ste ‘tide ers ssn normale a xem peso nt ine ‘fic orl toar ee set on ei. In os ino ise aoa a Yale relat ingore Gre sunt iste ard inkoprape tiie ‘Soro cpl de omen (ig. 745). Sees LLU * @ass) ‘whe ere au inde lines soir a fra toe ‘Cnd eens ar sector Goalies) abil (5747), wae fr ‘angen! i. sestue varia ee aforaia de componeine vere ale | ‘Serr din tom compra de ten sat clon de noe in ‘route pale ia 7.96). 936) “Teor daca cleat a (7.90) est mal cat, (aster a ‘nee bso) a apr Sr iin In ela es, extent toe era Stine de itndae di cose inpiedn aoraren ‘oor Sst pose de ‘ome coi (ca da somal ata), cero pe nate mi a os Su peau uratorensiele (caer rea rede sect etn pe pce ir tos inne de wage vale Re ‘Dm sot met, STAS 10107090 se conser x mt apar Sou incite ic = Oi =. not ua eerie bel pose pea epee ‘otc in sane ei are see neces mat tase ce 5 dspne nape it contac. Dass oj > 3 Seto se consider sain sci nti pera rehare fol tou fu nose sama ner (oi) isa frei De emacs, ete mecear at te vere a daca efor pial de mgr pone peat de Bal nm. La ec ine sbe t , ‘Socspctne deste nove ese ut eaumene is (78). eo eS a aE + Pee == | means | |ini 4 even sprint cu (02.025) epesii etm, ‘col comgresine pri cone ce risae ool compre Snr incre sofa n gina (p74) Dain principe ih ‘impel de conpesine i compants cu o seat a compen, 8 ru compare cut sp de pcr. ib dus pr de eines Pi denidearn over dint ewe ita itr. ‘Dace sonia (797) ms ee nda, web maria stuns de boa & teint gine xe de nit plea aia (797 ste bi man pes faa gnc oben, ret st: Pea ae tp de cenene rica at ‘a sate decree Sou sk in sen sia) valor de ‘ef ete eds coeur. 132. Matade de aed a acts fre itoars fag Pro bad Fd man 730 -l glh 2 4 cand pnts et cs ped ead ake gid pe Qs 19) eae ae otttuahesparmcnndeas spied nell (3 he abo aye in ene relapse ol pdr hg ie eg gd ed Bsa nd te ee re = Peta acl orgs ara dou par ate: 1) Meta bazat pe modell grind cu care 1 tenn mts pn ese chs por suc pla act a ona de nletera ero. ncaa cans de edn incoaeextore sve ernst tu raze pa er anal (fg. 748) Inca mesma de ar fate | trsvnal a eh pra omponsna real ain" const ‘povines len (57.8). fer tcc mele protease do pina co aes, apres prose de pr ince ic ps cs wa ‘efi deinen ev csr dot maine else et oss f pene un monaco Rapa ight ol ou _| cme opine, e_mperel Uh tae denise st ies sec ‘Seu at e wce cs pnt sept ei eee ‘pie? |‘ef stl nn de sr in ng Sn ie se ec ‘rkro enue de rose pe mma ea element so eae de marae, ‘rtiandose cca nap pc deepal al eal! errr ‘Stareine dn btn (8720 2 O+E ny Eran 738) Monat Breay Bon 5) Nocaiate in ile (7.98) (79) in 75 ane ature pre de ar comin de Be Fort tare peat de beton Tem keen de boon ars fir easter ft tatu ao sect inline pasa 7.53 +o ltrs prelude za compriat SiLSemnpcgeenrpec tae a Me Ey ee “tl 4t i a c Ra te, a *‘Secor cx + Qj ee det proprio! cx dient sect nnd (1); cu cat eta ‘etal mar sae ure gentle, pau ama Yloe a er ‘ection st mal mi + jest dest opal ree ton, events; 4 cesees pros do ame mars vue Q co umare 2 fp ea ‘oro nine an conpizt, eft de dr a mut, dar ec ‘ler al arpa, Eurand apt eschise, + Q) sre den snes a et (6g788 oe elma a en ‘prin de beton we stneaSai aca 10 » cine 754. ‘Varin hi corpo pe ined cua meses ou si mare oon re sl sport ste al ae dopa hn Pos ‘io ing? pou cal parr ll pie nowcte os dou a ‘reves dpe sete ‘Cat fel srt lapped eazy free de compensa t ‘st all pore unl penebn mec se a Feta tata psd na exe i sai, re) Liar coepine coca eaies2o canine x 25, snc poset neo de amare taney rena in lai (7120 pen ang AB Be 329 eur modal conse de stile a psametior ama ot cies rosea pact ae 'B, Caml armarl tansversale cu errs bare netinte 1 sua in care art tne ee elt da dou ete de ‘tr, eee vera arma nts prove insides pe ree amano logit din carp, poems se comple pein seca cy xz ‘em se poseable erp prnto we ela do eae, ce este fr ea mal pron. Drop rar, eel ice rn nce exina eres fra acre in i set inten dome (03 << 2. etn nampa ese aes cae sect are ‘ni 2 fel aca abil sera vl epee cpa ‘eta fot uso ag, Aso poco kee ncaa pe ‘Sart vasvenale compe cx brent mpl ecu eu (Ba epost un dear (80759): im este o an) ain 19 In ol gnor oben dn cece indi, dace se espn ule conmnative cea pind dstrscle ne. pancle de coborre ‘Grr de deen rearoetr ie fn 759s pt ade ca tm ncaa el perl ames un ig plan arte ine (pea in gent scopeioneacomtsSns id sf gl care 8 cae ‘Sonsini «bce ele Qa ner cond ales snp, efcundse pe bar ei: On 12 r0,-0s ttekesne 23) inca. epoca sa ils trent fie et pn it ‘ung ea a @ YERIFICARE. Seca: b Rh} Ay An 486 ARR Nena Om + Sedceoina Qa cla 2.73.3, euntata 7119 shape QoQ. rakes (@ DIMENSIONARE Seeanss sR) AG ARQ Nesmoscu ANT & Obsenasc DBimssbraes fre teu srmenm ia succesunen option de occ dimers let emit ogi de nove, lca [AD repent de i polema de dimes+ Se deeming pret ema asvone occa pet73.3.AG). ‘2.34Asiurara a moment incor in setnnl nclate Dine cle ou con care asin eect slant de eo ens in ‘exit (erie 798799), pal it nalts ml oa ‘& spr ls acta fore tlete reat Gnesi ponte fe 0 2 ‘odin pena cone ‘signee la ates moment cooks in ssn inte poate reali prin epoca wor reacties ng 7a ge rpeea u fgmas de exes we x sing resem s conga wor Sate pose, In i 760 ese ree ‘lr ton maga dew dine acest Sau. Di cota de mente ‘ep eu pul de pce leat efor da 2a cinta es ‘in svtuen It de Into ful, fran nati gia ee oporionl ca momen insoveicot da seinen 2c rs nal fs oy Rens fitrare init ae ca eit crsres eft din emir ‘egies pte are cena mir Rerotoae da ce De ces tebe a tn sean de acest fe stair str a ce se inreup arate logit pe man redo mec neo US dinensonre sneer extra. nig exe representa o porte de pnd in a pre our cas. Cadre gia pose inure pn fr ncaa ota, 22s dap a Inesta-1, Memes capable a ecu -1 22st pot: Me ee MARE + Aa Mags — deomeces< 2 Insect 1-1 22 momen ncovoictor spit sce var Dac in secines 22 arma longa so wi neg (ee dees sc) peru evi 0 cede element in son ale tae ra Mat Mags ‘pmiaere ult ip sregine la moment oot, nse ee ‘mel deseo oust a> (8g 70). a prosica doprolcure in velo agua fa momeetinsovisoe in sexi iit,dagrnes insurer de moms (76a) w coca in "ime" ct 0% (sarangi), panos deinen de eee (core) 8 amisioe mporarandse scan diagram Ado sl ‘Sn edngael tt dct valores vrai fi 704 de sea ‘perl tio een soetlr ines etn Conde pe eae webu sa einen, din scent pst de veer, mate angel et orl (515 0 bar bul peng cel pun cu hngnes de esa. oko e scnenn aebraeztin inregine anne cooks, br vt ‘nde semene, ngs tpn rn sect incr i lee eos Gn calcu ees pe bra pas de moment oes,erin acl ip pr hese re uma tanvea of eapcinen (resins fr tare, ‘esate s conse as cin arta 7.3.1: ‘Getta de I pal de apa al fnl I ectues wort de neste: Mes (vere782) PE 2 FIGURA 7.82 Hl u ag il i i(Geslean 79. c "ARs, in carl conslelr sure se poate coer ca sconenza un mec epee « icarearor de tip grinds cu conafsa, sitar ‘Recamld are dicta rior per (87.62). 2 ervolaen sce mesa ips ecsaceancorri I capita rer ut denser pe tata decdte consol, a mae a {pc fran amitur inna ent ona De sone tier vertical ‘ast cen in pchare carer 'STAS 101071090 prevede cape inimes consol sa se dep ties ‘xonnil rpemind © eine dl canines de wmare pecpala de Iecooie (67.6). Moots de cnfawe pra stapungne este complex, dpinand de mers pant dre cre cet al important st cali (la) beter ‘pret dae ara sl etn ai incre) wt grosines plac hy poset amature ‘Dun dna peice « momento incoveeare, care sad rapid inal spelt inca stile de rpare pi sapungre ms prs {fr de ncovl ca cal operor i bt intial elemental Ap arn el del fi eine cele ce aati ima subi wor gz [ic capucte mare do rerstenn i color, fur rene ca ure Apes reat on niin p ect frre ricipl. scents verients I acre insti ict exe ses epcinee ec erspavatoae elementsor are obs. Reena ‘mpunpure ete inflata favor de prezeaa efor de compres {enrvrale ode aces wor ef! de compesioe desl i pn hl, date ri nora sold pcre fl cneetae. STAS TO1011090 petese pot fa capa sepangete cent (fre usmle de monster) dll fre amature de free, eli ig 7.64): co ou Sak FORE KE, ono, Acta smatrs imbunsttete condi deer le etm agonal conpciate dervotate i gosineaeomole. Se consider activ uma tie Spi pce pct dng ta ep (275- ap “875k oun tncarepo~ pine ert lp deere sat sts" cr mi ctv. Fi do stn eed nists Ae rine! elie prone ce conor in nt ta pi Sates cpl (7127) re tg ad ems pcp ats reste seapnge Bae" pats pines tel spe Te sapungere se preva emt ce sos! spate eetca de clare STAS 10107090 inode odie FIGURATSS Reper Ife taletoare capes apse specice cand pe supe refuse de placa te tanent ere re porate. Moda erases de_| tape) aut ‘par ede sapungee, mot pent care rez I fo ator acne) siaag “850M + Dirdatha Dhue sine 29) Inca (9.764): Aq snarl armatior vers i espe ain etn uel bre ‘vet aetna pata de siapuneres id numa amateur rf de ozo a lama inte cre inersceteza spain de ier Rebbe (7.127, (7.128) i (7.129) st valle pete sic a stapangere cena, Corespimzatoae exon cue cae arte co anou dal int ascite cu pre seta gi care pean pact neal ‘Secor roca ” Za za, = LJ L. o | » FIGuRATSA 7.38. tocarar suspendate, Reaemarl indirect In can plsesor de betonamat meal iter in mae cat pt secunire cre m rez pe sap sa pe del porate, pete gi a npc ~ gre pelecipal ere rt rie 6 clemee de eis ‘erick le srutwit Douce pin cena uae ect iearcarle cour n pe isos» pis pple Dis ees moto Tien d dip ein gic pen de pace « pt Siw cee (6765) ea evino atl coe te otras nec ase ‘an[o fe | jan Probleme sina se pun xi ca de paren infos nor se suspend conduct avanti rde sau aust cand plas plaseui ete ‘Sui pres inion» pr 7.60). b) rrguRA Tastier suplimertan ents “auependarear Inearear pact Ia strc de blo ama, ot interven sui in car cx rie anor ‘onl de sobre parte, reitect n sot iste nor element ‘Sipe l novos (cus fen efi) cu fra tore ssa mae ‘Shar reotent a frfeare dpe ure pla! determite In ace care ‘ot apres pes pin dshcare in ng plo epee, dupe means: ED cadre deco do ese preset le 73.2, 6 saa 7.3.7. Rupere de ast tip sin fei dace lana poten de hear exe isnt, ca fe a wor ‘ford atin, in cane or earn fre acu toate ‘mc ¢ cust nor row de hry inpuse de ttelogia de ext (Ce renpla, ost de tumare le elementor verzle ale srucnioe de ‘aneatrove Ge spabetonares mono spaea preibrca a nee ‘eno ca esa ik) ‘Modul d tne a frie de free, pe sop ua ete igura 71 | Inst pain fri sont etd, cic pra, o near retin ine cele dou prt ale element preapne so depnsare retina pe ect soma pe sa (27.670). "Forts de tinder ins in armature perpen p plan pose de cca eto chilis deo compresine epala scloeand facie Ss (e787) Acasa congress prodaceo reset pa Beare Ia oscaes reluiva a flor fur, cue Se opue frei d° frkowe, Caveurle ‘perineal an in evieta fp ca ete stints 0 depinaerelativa de mal 02 mm in ung planl de necare pea a ica pena a epee {etae renee ‘Dac pe pln poten de nese arse fra de compres, tconna le ral of gonna fort de Bear eae oda Ter de Hecare (torte argu exerci de arr “Azatue ansvrsae care svbat lanl otal de nea on roa 4 impledca dblocua in Tugs! acsta su demi caret arate de nectar (onetr) pt fi dpe perpen sft ta de plana de Inecare. Pony o vile fies ematuilor ca tavescaza plan de Incas condia de imcsionae a aco armel exe acca cu slice ‘lpn cpr. aces cond faa de cae Ly ce ponte tna Fang plas de Groareeate data de expen gy Aaa + a nr i) 7130) Natt dq = sm scar sete eonactorioe dsp perpdiclr pa. plan | de “ana costae maton inline nine care bet plan ‘gi ae bree inte plana de uncae, fal de conpresine somal opal de meee 1 ~conicetl etl! de eae re fase pla de hear. Concept ae sl haze acest model de cael ete cue in tintin de eile ub denarien de rectal ffoare pri fears ‘reali fora de necae apc ese pct prin cre ize tele ‘ine, eae I orc «potters eter fr pra actnes de deena amatirlor are taverns fea.In metadata pe concep restate foreare pin care se preapne ex leg resale se datreza fest nef fii Da acest ma, rele de cael u un carci lobe tiand ale ‘Seveatonde ale cetisinne Gere, abil arte nat owe de cau ‘fone de feeare capable sa Be iran acrd recog ev rez ‘ecto experimental ‘Vala peered STAS 10107050: ti I pre ezal otaror crate de nt de inet ca spe de cl pin Se f= M0 pena ca ne sera ia 285mm; r= 07m cual btn carat etl de cman ar fra mas dea se ‘ma ign, Obseratis (0 _ Aronia se cnsiders acti a pobre fede necre za Ins cad cet fr slic aiid. (Go Aroatra incline tte al efietn in pohaces fel nec decir aati perpenciulr pe pli de separ are cele dous one ale elemento Rel (7.130) cpio dat amen cae cain Ay , identi dla conuibe © soe smite (6.760, pin "wanes dicts” (Gtr ompoertl pale cu plan de hnesareALRcown) net pin etc Ge ecre (dtratconpnentl noma plan ARs). x ; a icon TAF pAaiRating \ AaiRatine FrGURAT«S (i) esi modest toric cae st lk ben ae (7.130) presse ‘ervtres foi untar de ergere io arms care tverscan plan ‘de Inoere, forme de calcd 4 Ge Lym lavas. value corespmmnoare 1 reiteiei de cal, ci vows Ry ca 0 asigewe ‘Wolimentars fina de ceriataile prvi dba omar defor unelpla de separesilanginea zone acve pe cae sunt mobi nest elor dus pat ale element despre dest pln (0) Dac pe pla de near aconaza ft donde eso maces se promda ema tassvesola sole pes plea oy, sept Ge ‘Stra pet eiserta pa cee _-porete structural din ——4 Delon mat i HH tn paces oper dou catego de sti apa cam plana petal de oscae e porpendnar etal clement (exemplars ‘uae rose ozone de tures ale preter stall meaol It ‘vel planes) so paral cd acest (Go exemply rst date elometle FIGURAT | pretreat soabetonaea ono) 2) Plana! penal de Inecare exe perpendicular paral element (2789) 1a oot ane frst wee wanes nang plan pte do fucecae ene chiar fora tcoure Q de cle! in sectunes comes © ‘ent Tn cae clmetelor vere din stctnle projet pet # press ‘fsa ewer slonce foal nal N (i. slain in care acest ee fompresn) se alieteza cu coeclenul 06 pet tine seama de ee un elaneat novo foa de neces soca capaci mat inne 'AR. Lange Lp eae s pn rma de conor peu protestprcuRA730 Rela de dimension acter de covet suprabetnai de ina refried 7.70 ere: AR The 331) Men din deapta al roast de mai sn ee refs Is suns tor rams irr de sect da de pe gies Dace sent: ‘ne ~mumarl ei de conectaeneces pe distant human ram al um er sam de eer de cone rem ax) sy) ‘A, CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE REZISTENTA AL ELEMENTELOR DE BETON ARMAT SOLICITATE LA ‘TORSIUNE 14. Consider introdctive Soca Ia trsiue apre instruct de betonammat ca amare a conic dine ckenewe (F771 a sib). Lepr rigs dine grinds omar 1 grinds priipala din gars 7710 fice en rotien din neva & (in socmdre oe gn cusotee orm a gta yeinple; cn rma, (ea pincple se ape tm nomct de one egal acl de coro dela ‘paul ginal secundwe (lg 7-71D, Daria las ged ca aloe ‘har rst le here de ston at (i spec rai re) ‘nt fare rede in apr cu ele In ncovoie, momenta deforms wu de ‘make valor fare mic In consecina Ia src al cro ech ete pesbil si fra comsidemrea rgtatlr fa tone acsen sank de regu, ein cael tp scheme de clo ” » 2 schema de alt 4 cena 3.71id si sual In cae solchares Is tiane estes neni sotciars la ncovoire in ssgnre chil genrl al na subaosbl, De excoply, coil plc open ia 71a ma pone reat ‘cat pi nares in pnd sla le asus, care tebe dimensions rua pela fc de esac. Sacre afore et noi de soles cover ca fra tacoare, Sub ets coins eestor efter elemesal de bean aa, il coda, resists o stan stab be oper (g7.72) file nn Sig | cena 772 Asigar fa de reer dpa 0 ail do soc ina satisfiers nul uatotlor cont pst stare its ete: Meme 2 50 de “Noy Mop #1 Ong teresa rezitanise monet de sue, moment Ineovoior ifort tala ale efor pe scdanen sanbu inepuzaea ‘caper tle de veers, lar MAF si Q efor secon respective in Salo la see lia de rete, Ropers nerve ca mare a epuar pec eto cmpinnt dope ce in pres els ft, in ‘sume bogies wanversle ou sons corre (67.79), ane in ona dicta de» considera simian fecal stunt eae tt cvsgor de efor in moma cedar, fn mute edu de poze incl ele in tare ons, cael expat de recsteal tlane se bazoza Po idl de ginds uta cu abree (774). Se oe in vedere septa ‘tien metal dees seperate efor de nove #8 Srl ltr. In acest mel cre coir earl obs al rma cu tae ‘sogonnle amature lngudnle au roll placa ei repress ‘oer element de been fener feure cu conta esi, Temrind was efor principle de compress, conte dagonaele ‘cnprinat ‘Sept demons ca neva mi eprosinatv (ar aopeioas) a momen cpa ls tratne naa pe tuoa model de yrndn ov ake “sure mal rguoas stalin pe ta ella in sot sabe a (ae o ifr subtuiaa Aceh cnciie ele cone ode ele snows 7407760. Rena ca a start de rere fora de inet derotats nal 73353) Sin fora 8 tind tla devon in te ineceptl de fea derpee po fits rzona «pies: ae 71358) My co ua viola a clement (7.74) a nodule gn cazabrel sale core nee se eho ca elo da tpl nine ca elie din iagrnllecomprinate de eto consis ine flint (0g7.74, de, Cuneta defi in cox urea: + frre in igo compro, numa pete element cp, =2 , mural de amar deere cre saveseaz Sua mascata po nerds mend os + fra orzo total in ape ca pote pe zeta eft «ining comprnut de bton no secure vercal pia nda wot, Nyman Lag ein enyara atch ut 221mg Mason 2M Mea EA Rin ensa24 RRR (LIST) Ince U, = 20 hy ete perinerl mez de bvton (evs la intron irl) sectinea maven Forel da erie sun tani nnd rnc aboe spat pin fntemedil celor 4 tre longline deb coir (fig 7740). Conia forelor disgomle de comprsiae Nz si Ny ito secon teva et lnscmain 7-7. Component in lal seer wane le asso fire eciltreaa mone ine eps sot: 2 labs + Nanar= Nb + Neb pind valor efor in ter emia: -ateea, 240 4, yada, ada 339) in cae Ay By repre in set samburell de beton din inter err aca amitom a 4, pect ce Rule se deve dopa title forturirprcpae de compresune in condi oul pre peat lamertc in materi ormpene si ete, elatile de dimesoware ale arate ‘revere langle Sev 140) aay4 Atinencombinat forte alsoas sla moment de ‘arsine ‘Aatines momerts de torine ites, droga, acines fh titre Vaoares oes efi ipl de nine egal esc valores fr itr tmgenta ese: 1) 0 tment orespancatons flora “oda” pl cu bree toma aocorare a ety, Sealo de cena tere a od. cost Sap ciel pnt pore torn se reaianza ex 0 forms spec e755 "idles sufeint al emma lnghudnale din eo, penta refuse fours hale in boon, so. ecomnda ca dane amu longue inclu se pun : ©) Ania comport gin cu zabele spt, ct si ceorale capers ozs fal semen co setine pina ie tubular, Wloncomur pent armive Wee, a areas capaci de exert, [Acoma covstfre oe vai stata vee cat perce sen bute mast ‘ps bt, net su aon rupee dngonalelor de bet compress, on a sy te fa tr aa vet tie a to ect a getline ie scone te fale nee et cua oer ie rc le ele Se dee Taft alors sb clan 7.145) ptinevenl sole xa ~ +20 ceo i ceca fe an sna inca st ne met ea da dope Nadu arr Meee Ay ce cata ere eta din ce tn nua ree genie ope (erp {engine me mnt in rains rnd re Sia > A cand nt so rie a uae et el ats : Zon ry (y LJ 6 secu de beton tebe pris. Din fg7.74. 9 cata ca 2ana de beton ft inter ti te) mt as cml eo a fir na da ers (1.143) ve pot fl relate ‘Sata cu zal en ce apie eae seecnna cx sl de mre cn mui soos eo ues Sa 8 Tens ease nel cand ol sematrlangitle ee egal ola am ‘neta, Pea reli (7138 ea sateen op Santa By ok ema striae scans 8 Fader compe cr ot inh ei ad ma Fi cpan i0 ‘Se const ca acai onde ord Ii = 45% cma pvc cts ets leptincsabiven ratio (7.40) (7.181) sur "Ee 4s)‘inca indlee i serefr J repnpil in aie et inca set cesonate(ctn ise cupric sed 4) Seno: “A> ata ints de ini mation pert bub haut a 7.96, 1° pone peel = —* qi ee 2a » ens 6 14 Asatte sitar compas ncn 1a pe.7A2 sau prezent ifs lpate de evar cpu ecvcls Ia slctces de ooview os frsine pe spain Sambo de ‘pers Dezvoand model de grin cu zabele per slate acolo tarsine se pote dade o lege eroxnats, de lp parable, peer cube reste fia momen! de acovler~ moment ets (88777 4) sn, ems cain oe ropere et sola cu slaves curgere «emai din 48) 1124, omen encore dete I pees semen, = monte pai la icoviere pr ate pans Relate (7.147) si (7.148) sunt in buna concondrtn cu renitele enccarlr experineate. Dace amare ct neta (A, A) la rupee cage leeun artis in zo inns de monet Mia ease inumeneseoale. de lnadre PA, soe eee se 7 JA, we ceeCle foros frat insta Te nl lem de ‘ton ant dest umm otc 1) sect plane init de defomare ramen plane si dps defor (e77ay >) combi tom inne nef te esis retin frail unr sf deiematiespecfce a amar ee Sin tonal conprinat ete ine (67.78 ds), Primele dou pene sant scene incall le pee, cv stat ma sm pot onidert vals fn call in stad I ‘Arn poten, cre ote grass prt aul deol sot sive fra ater de eugare (eft aceara ene iia care decnste ‘peter domenisl sail Tete acepaia si peau beta! exmprima. ‘ena jut aceasta fim, sa merlin a deformle dee he Sg te zoe cma a ne ice ee 18 en “ARMATURA IN STADIUL DE EXPLOATARE Priearea sctror de bton som sab Uimkca It sigue lemeatior suc fina dee Inia tins «carr depsire comic a ‘ere cla su pew sttrn Trebui ss ae vedere a stale Tia ale erplontaih nonale, = cae depasie reopen 0 emlosire ‘ecoespncare mucha ingepere explo "eure imate caer de exponire, dar sper inoue de tose (l carer fet pin apcredescurcae est obosela Beto 58 & Cina sleet Ge ftom aor rea in sal U, cwacterat en ‘Buren terol in sonal aie pin valet de for wae arte, a en doperate 6 le extensor ees Jie cea nnd eciee a Sur saea ina de tose ince tana ferrite in armae si cin bel ‘Speinat sei Tar veeare In sara Tita de erate ca ‘lon igi econ eet stad de sic. = a ie Pl s4q JRE er) » ccm 7.79, Lege efort-dformate in betonl compra ix ad I eur ') debut far eit in a soit 1 erble oy pers vitsle de defrmare vs vs le flor 1, 2,3 dope wrest onde it do eta, Vitez de dfomnare a aero fre oe dis ide tat ie ‘nt isan pana la sna seurn exe mai mare. Dia acer ty vlan ae ‘rare vate si deforma specie ete dierin pec erisle fe Ibagitimledebton La ep. 2.12 a aatat ml it car vera de iaete Infontae recistent Beton, reseed ncrsr sagan de rersena Se conan expetinesal ca lore nae fn rns cri ‘unt dsb ini, chiar aca le depasese pal carport nie, nap. ‘a diagamn 6- crespuzatue vt de deforms respect (7798) Sib inoeaile corete de exper componeai vscesa, de care ay e198 pa hve! eck ps eb fry tae ‘i Et ett cr) abe ero ta eer ducer tes main coe pe Souham ce ane ann | ISTAS 101070-90 prec valet consume Bf pent mdul de lasicine lett cone al 2. us) 150) erecta Sala cup ete: 1 report ie rt etal ean drat foal tot Prin inrodeeren cet de rede 08 s tins seam i mod otal i snp de potas deol uno deforma x eae ‘Ser lawl de erature superior Ite Je comporare elastin ‘Conletl 0 cae fete valouen carci de cigarette Seams ‘6 ipa ca deforma de carpe Teta Geos exe ress de prezensa ‘Coca pracc al fortir tare i ton sin armas de tel ‘npica considers saritana a cnr de ecified campasbiite 0 ‘Sf (epe hi Bemoul) leprae peyote bon (css care firs in ma ea de ex a ‘ela scmorctle ‘Sr considera pena exrpicare cal wei sett deforma arse (64780) slice cove ou eft axial de compete. Elo ‘Succ ificle pena a Sexemas cone corespasoare sta de ete sect se extn in don eco Sl (tie i e780) (Renta poet: Boni Ae aust) memes sate al roe! compezute in part cu wa neury ect (7.151) 56 155 pliciand valores ef eta oy dat de rela (7.152) pit ten el mem rep al ecu (7-158) dvi omer Ioweste-roahh= A844] Sana he [bys moment de ie zone comin in rapt ex a8 er, In aces ela (7.156 capt foma ontoyma)a tal abicatledon oa) Din conte de compass defomatilor (ogin set pane) reoite eile sy 158) incre én ~ yy ne dfumatia moi «amma po sana dine ous Ss Lr vet indcl de conserva Beto ex ara d tl (ve cap.) 0139) 10) 1s, as) (7163 Relate (7.15, (7.156) imprema es (7.162) si (7.163) formeaza wa sistem de eu cu acinostue Inise de colsrare ¥ eu ao ze 07s 1 (sei exp pat 8a el oul, acsste sponinaie avnd este rede apr wl ofertxoe in cam cleaner incooite cu sett complica pre mal vate eaten probe! plesand de ao sectseomogena el”) de eto, sis pin noes armaarer pins sete eas de Bton (oeaig78D. ‘Acouta chile permits calcul efor uae ca ajo capes din een ior mogee lati, ace se provedeza in acs mod rar efrsr untae a stl in boon sip armature ise As compimat A pen u monent de ‘alonare M ipce maou pert: SY. As na ‘noces 781 2) Suites poi asl neue din condi de epatate a momsncor ste sl rl sonelor erin respi ni: Sela tenad Sala a)=0 7166) ‘Sopot a proxinaty 15% Dia aia cout (7185) se obser a naines zone cmprinste pad mural de carats pometzew de deforma al sects ve ‘insiders consti po tot domenl stad T, infest de valbarca ‘Boren never 1 Deteminarea momenta e inet sti Helen rpc ast a 165) y= ee alhe a HDA 9,0 fool Never 7166) as)76, CALCULUL LA STAREA LIMITA DE FISURARE ‘A lnteaducere ‘sac in explore a slementlor de bon arate nevis, fps sett ne de a ncoptle wlar Beton eat ca materi de een peoru set ‘Bruen ete ure, in rina,» for inindere pode do solic Geol os tor, ose eee), ar i no fra ‘Scum cree sa ell wor fre concoumis de compres, ca ‘epzasu cum varia op fra do Inindere in dee easverla ‘decd de ple a ea ‘De asemene, © fare co carats ntl, in pens ca aceasta ms poe fseflocts nd pos pein delle de xk pone egrea dari {rfactor de medi, a enol de exe sou ea Umare «wor 368) ‘In ci! ssl defrma depp, de xem, relate 7.164 7168 devia: © eanenendno eet enaent entice! sncats Cu S40 11090 pe cco ern me a ft rotenone 0358, 168) ‘ine cause cae produ fre insure n dus catgut de mendoetfecele contd piesa « btu (at Ia extvirl “omen pin pa suction nero aces, de xr arma ‘cc, ae varwtcl de temporary, teialogice san climaice, « twsarior licen ale rozemca,actnen ight 8 drab rept, fete Gio eanologi de ewevie inuficler pase pst (ecfr dnpur, Rpts i regiend de tare tice Ia scderes iti Peto eens pretreat ia fntonsea cof pss, ec.) Th poral rested roca ae setae de beton al revad | velar prin cle tamal pen coat fear) progr de actnes [tear comidenadiae cn evarea deco pst Tinie admise & {far de em esr nod limit pin el de eae (rma) ‘Commie ti pan adopines nor tlog 2 exec ciespuratoure din rma bint se ote inlonind =, regeciy ov por dione momeatl in iced expoatar momen aes ocr asa de eats inns sctsara din call sre Tia do risen, hog de aati fia. Coefietl 1,1 x in considerre apr ite baal de parahie al foo istered Ts espe T- Hine Gopnd te picpal de exgente de spect de duis, i special vind coerane arma roo alga tno fnctin pcion ca {cela aspen ania peer pert repenlor de chi de (ie, evan drole mor get pogei su 2 wor insect, a cao edi es Geom de fur pen Gvetiae dia lence de btn at, Ia ‘eevee pap soul de cera "But pe cet considera STAS 10107090 prevede pena clometle de tton tm uncle a stent do desire afi, Vero = {hee pomnd cone co desciderle mel le finer cele penstocarcale de explores. dpaseasca namie vl iit. Valorie aie ade decider sur sua pou lament obo: Eis dca lame ut expase un mains, TOLTEN Gis cence ut pus acon intemperor ms oie 703 mn celia cz. Pos lomenfle core se ala sub presen wad ichid so sat marine wt mm, dcaclemesslet fa ub pesen nl id eres niet Sees inde carn co extn a pet It Siittat aco furle une derolate pe tone inies secs ‘rere Temi esa cara (lente cu fs ca fc in 2008 compra a sector arsves). increas sume in etre comport in expos a ron de boost per ts evienize couric, in et atl center sats din cle ives nti aps wot Fee Sr econ ponte refoaa cori in cell In stare Hii de ‘rf de plans) 162, Cale frturr de iarase Desi in proscar clemenislor do ton armatmi se pe problema in mod capi de ce vei la sae init de aps Sour, woe med iaie seminar velo efor de Sce. O,semenet ‘Spa evn de exempt, poicea steam wor eee ae aad pt devote ona eins proce mie de armas ‘ect tar soit mortal suse poate fm mare dca ot (Ensadal de rope (792 Diagams din fg. corespunde icarcarlor cx dep, specie ctor emis. ‘Valour sftllor cre produc Sura teem ins se sabileste rian ul brat peel sa nal elemento de bean ama. ri ‘Ebumares efor relat de betonl paral plastic! in ona iia 3 de ‘cut ‘Considrnd © deforma iit a eto iin do 416018 a i ‘poe conn pecete re btn a arts, rera et aces fii ir or cn amar ia in sail socar plastic a eto ee i edie 25 Nia Tn acne ocd, expreile pear suabiies efor de Sue aunt 62785; By aati Josn Fn, yew ” + pent elem none cee (9.7.83. Np AiR 254, y= for dere, “mass ranaverae de ben im 1.2 ta set de amt in T= reason idee a beta GaN?) «pura ceed btn arma coi (52.783. Mi oa hte ee p= et omental sar 19 mol de eee lethal de beton in pote plain complete & inne od "Se see), "costco sobuntr ae i iconsiderae plastica pra a one de ‘oon ine; coctintal are valor cu ans apropate de 1 cu cat Sci exe lhe (Ge exempl Ia pla). Valor sunt date Stas 10167090. "atl de pepe lft de kinere din mata in aport x punta ‘ple i Feaane efoatlr de compresure in. betos amie ara pin une mente! bores esas ca eany‘ncaa parc a sector retngalars, ad z~ 0. se obi: My= 02954 BHR +2043 oun “2463. Caeaal i stare Umit de dschdere a Sule in seta aummale Modell calc! leche rr se bareara pe analiza nor sa de salstare constant Gatndre cevticsIneovole para) peta cae se ‘Seni dstbute elt ror, inate In dnt ep nad al, ‘Deschieren Bao eve dtorata suru de defeat erm, pe dite de dun fit comecatve, in apo cu dfomatie bona ‘cer ce Beto rma). 7 le) oan) ‘Co aunge peice mateo amatrig ‘92 = aenge pain mae «bom Dati certo latanpsor al omar Sswior a sf impr specfce «wlorior enor eceritelae marl, cum st rez ‘Bier leer Peto i ores ater a arate, expen (7.17) {eb conse c ela modi comport rele ag 84s pein sco de cla a eschierl Surlor peo cazal eal snp lor inner emia. ‘aloe se ot negli in apet cu valle find een. 10-15 oc. ‘msi me. decer acon pes fare de expla, atl isa clu ‘pavtial decider lors ceca li: 9 hoe om) Distants Hy ite fu ee sable porn’ de Is schema {ig 7.84, conserand cap din ne pena sum sper intl cts une pose sper ied saute se ans pin ade ‘eon un ft capa se roduc frre betor Aya athe urs ut fr unarmed de aderet pe dst ie oun Hs; perme ta al etre (0B); ‘he = vind ingore aerator iis. ‘ee lint oo oui sie ainccnta tare de amatura, denarece énchaia tutor a date fee fce on ma 6 ema zona din blo {Beste e fe intuenat de tara respi Valores Ay defini 785 ent na nor stall execs experimen. ate event cu art A Inada relate de excl a pote pai ‘lore ae zon aise «sco nal fut. De exempl,i al ‘mentor inswoaeo sectnedrepnghilare Ay 06hje at cena 18 ‘tli erie ta dove x rapral A= 2m pine prt Se ena Ye nt ei de pad en se Pecan br ae, pi ep Au, 2 Gamat rma 5c=4e cole amare computor ade ela amas += 100, proenta de amare rect Nota y=, eli (7.175) devine: 16, yea na cam Se observ, ca dace tne pre infin, de spre 0, Aces ee a ‘one co fp cate inte armats scoperte ex ton a valor ft coca ce face cn decree uae vl St crf procere 4 sure fare mar. Reltin (7.177) +0 coretat pen a ie seam de ‘Sena scope cu Ueton si dsanel laze bare, pe bazarezalor wor ctr experiment: ayaresesyead ar ‘= scopes da bet ins, 15 daca ine bein, lars exprinn, essere a em Ta abel 74 aun dite vl A confirm STAS 10107950 Se consta sedan loc erie pear soles in idee cetica si inde row cu exons mina, in care car Gara ae Jeol pe ines Satine a cles pena ros soli, cuctrate de fp x este exits ona compra ‘Tabetal 14 Vaorle coeticentlor A (eatin 7.17) Tiel lemons sofa ots [asain inde een: [indore coaica oan oe jc cu cxonticue mre, feu cu xterm. oe Ta a irearcw| Ta. ‘iebie cua obese imports x model otic pens iteninarea dota te te fri mo Soe seams do sible ocle (Gdewoebt detria prnetel eierloe) cae Sn anumie cont pt decide Atria Sule. Ane spe everph mu esto Sse se pu In bara (Shell decided ftir inro gn o data ive fu deteriata oct" de 180 mm an 220mm, dae stata re er xe de 200 m,n te uemenea ca rle Yor spar scum se cons in pracy, in repel ‘Stor tuners ‘Obert experimental sgucza ca neta aati aver fn ‘wc sit io coer prin oes pu sx a. ins valor ‘lt pees stata mee inte fr, pant a dtr ne ei, daca ‘Girt ete al red on. 50 mem. “Alungieesesica mde 4 amar pe ditt ae Hsu ee ma nica dct sung epcifn es amatrn dep fr, dtr conte‘tool inne inte Ge care pres parte din ofraile de finder (667840), Repol busine £8 ince exe dou defeat specie eprzitn © masa eres ate baton si amar, mote penta cr ste ‘Gi amc sata strode de concer ‘Pomind dea sche de cll in fig 784., se pose ser: emer t ion ex engin in (7.179) epezetand aa dlgrume fro de dere 32 180) oat (in schema a Bi. 784) ee efor uniar media de ‘deena in momen care precede frmaren eck dea dus sei de fsb er 2 Teodcan (7.180) in (7.179) pend: sy 38) SAS 101070. prevde determines y ex expres: wat amt-asy ett. 3) tau 7189) oar yest 02 ps mat a OB 37 0S eae ct PO sn 6S aa Fe sera Ze sc fp agen ete! be ro ‘Soret ida te car pinta Sede pr (dt Tapewe ates abc ‘isc memes de mat 724 ea cfs ose rate ase dh wm teen rtp Pe set ert dex y Incl cures opt api aloe proniative in tbe. Vator aproxiative ale couflntnal Til A ae] Sinica och Ts osc | os TS | Soe [ona mos pcs] O67 ~ Ra/250) fe sane faut Cy Ry 0 nt Freon csseris la compress Beto, Nia (Bare ints (teat) “Acee erecta t2-compooena principal a mde ‘SGapun unl su mal ue planar de srt err sete A, ‘te dimensiones dinconiia 42, unde T ete tsa din eat. "O problema seta pentru. buna comporare 1 sistem o eprint entrar eoreda # amaroe i nodal eats oat {Reva fra de steep tte hngimen tase In model de gina co ‘ive scivlnn fre nn costnte pe gine as. (oNodure "Notarle se fomcara Je itoain tarclor gall su zabrle sehen. nods tae ml mute bare, ale cor eft eb te in echt. Po lags esl proctor pe exe ou diet, able Sigua echltal momento soon ce bia ea rerun fer Fe (ied daw canis Zou nodal ee formas de prelangle marilrbareo a zone dose aplea fre coment. Tova, 7101 se presi dos cut de nod Cel din fe, 7.1018 corepand tree 83 fre de ompresae (C+ C+ C) acl dia, ‘Tob, meet dou fer de compres sf wna de ines (C+C'+ DuAkeshut poste nme(T TP str T =O io carl dn fg, 7101, nodal ete diva 2 stood, Pte ecru vr cf rece na no presi Pe face de reeson ssf l pln mere pear clr dota ‘boda ane pred eon Tn cell oda in fg. 71005, pe lange verfeaes betonaht comprina a tu av a wodere core esata. ‘at cop cept apes stem can Og 7101, su preing! amet ‘Sefer de ml volo de se aodall |neg a scene 7301 ecbteaa la compress pe cae oe pote cont in etn nd Wo, in cal vada © 4-4 € (bon ese ota fe conprsine wien). F037, earl ntarlor C+ C+ 075s in aml nda C6 TT 124 Abstr confguaie parlor In_madelal de_erinda ca ‘able cchivalet Modelo pot represent do iver de scuete Inve cure siete tc fi represents prin atl or lg, 702s), dae ton rein treo ee bani imple {ve aeeglable nteiestolreorardr de comprsun, eect se recurs oncom a eat, mode mal comple, ar a Face fade rena (067028), ed iia eens 130 Modal de conse & model poste f saat de alias fart isd ee naa ein meodle st nstencle de call Sle Teor Hatta utlvand programe de leet ft Dba de ‘Sapesn!speenta cents treo ompeinae a 7.102 58 fed on 1 fad ini al a neorn conguate! sss de bare teu avt in. vedere fap c acti el spr Gruul pe ema (oe aes ‘el D) wcll fr efor ‘Deouwce tre suit al deformbii deat bare. comprise, modi cl sha pine ma scat bre nev cel alba, Uneties cx sn entre sper dll et Eley sme 209 incre sl ores frt,ungine sl defomati pec mee « ‘mine compas ive (an) Deoaree deformaile tenon ‘hopin sun fart se i rapet eae ale tbr, ements ‘satrap ome sim (7.207), AMescent ponte deduce x warn ca ode din ig71084, ace crepe austria efor pip a dei ‘Hote eate nt superior mde i fig 71038. ‘Dec scl forbr spizate element sist (nee de ‘nonin se modes, modal se modi Ia andl us cum 36 trate ng. 7.108 peu uo nod cde. | FI 7 6 ab nde pea 0 nen mod et “ASE, modeele cu bus comprinate douse transversal pe vase proba Br, adce erate pe dct eotaror peace de Jeter sant coe 9 a scene 7108 Pent exenplifcare,n fi. 7105 spe mal mule pobre ‘chonatiares comporar one del margo uel gia! pref Pend inne consti n plas, rnd et deca a Peary asenccs cari meade gral cd mb chile repress mtd cn mal flea ‘Se conta ca made din fg, 710Se ote inert peta cae cowtneo tre compra ore pe Seas de formar ure (Ge T10si. Clute 2 ole ita ra modal cae wnt score Tae oat punt de reazem. Model in fig. 71056 are vane ‘needed lin brs even oe main in omc ‘coral burr se ecara lr. Jn incre cp, nfgurie ure prez o si stout element de Seton wet cu propor s neaea patel, acre eda pe abel chiles furzeza sla sings ‘rie depose pom neces pont ere ThE EY » * In ig 7.1.06 se preznnsompsrty modal de mode a sn pee sit ane, acter coneur a prea spies ‘Freemal conou apa inferior (de exemple pe tere Fla Istceneiel uni finda in celia xz, rma tt pe doen rene ‘tpl nares ier spre super ‘Cau din fig 107 ocspunde tol tant de Ytonprcoarinat cots pin eae do SBP, apres frtor cape reaizndiapla ‘oon- een tn ig 710 rope cas wl ee ems contin p en, sacar ae paca sean co fora concent aple smargnca ph cone 7808 a nig 70 eral we glace ¢ an Cam El aces cl ni 7109 or pee at a ret i prs ropes ca dak ft ome ‘aus pve omele inl 1 fgsie 72118 be preim modern de gina os ztele ivan care vient prtaares tr de flr zon Je aie‘rue sec oust. Se evens moll peu ambele ses (castune slemonensii booicer vf 4 Me ® » ‘an cm aati (ei ap. 73 cap. 74) modal inal ‘omic aval pot afr sien wa de a Sin galing! (nscale lent). Astel 73. 4 presmat Sodel de grads cu mie ir pen alu rile fore ‘isa. Asst model exe pacts grein incor de rea pe Paneer va pei ln al poco oa Timontareerpencaarfor de proscareromaesi cu oe i Uehne “Pi cp. 74 wat adel de gad ca mele spats pate cabal clement eva eats oe (es i 774 — ‘inp teiwice -MATRIX ROM - cinp acaoemior Indonentl CONSTRUCTI ase epu: ara CONSTRECTILOR ondtaictnor ana smctu ata otermare = 7 ROW Pang Me Teedoes (umarstnen Tet de Commas bul) — STATEA otic SR caer State teocTemme she omOUNIS Seamer Re ov naromn SSS Soar naa hn a AS {Ss cane, Suu (aig Ten oe Gnd Bee) = CALL [Rimdicwas tages her (oivenee Teach ob Coaney) Guang = omale a SouarBict obo wait sTupevitok-PaGr CvSTOST onenghu W. Cnsce (Unversine Teh Cont Burge) ~ MORUMATOR ‘Sea omer ee Se Gramm ATUL ‘Sree Taced hse: scan Be SONSTRUCTE Pee Santee eet ee a eS wcmmsor commuter Fonsi el ASE RISE TESAee TESS DEAR aay Seeea ar SO eens epimers Se eee ce RT Selah ees tn at Soe - seer ‘Secretar ene Sn Gieaairarnar nacamar Wace Sean Eee ee ee Sore Samal eocitens mrmuens om SS See eer Sere OE mem ue cn auom yonren oe ee eee ‘ioe lesa GONTRIDUTH Ux PERPECTIONAREA CONGEST! TEYNOLOGIILOR DE Sena (omen ea cr Como) ~ TEORA 9 PRACTICA See one ena ee ee San amen oot See ee EE a ta sere Scots sein itr ST SE Sacre & teat at SOhamiancr russes Te sr Come uct) - FUNOATY OF ADANGIME See areca cos ce a =a i ae a Se ee cncmcaanenms SE eL ee Gk eb attract nner sormoe LLU SRE RE Cinescore t ‘constnuctu chtreuare, pnuntunt st poDURE bea sy i Crt Be ANELE TRL DE LER seven consmacta ouamur ots rt Rs et Sess Poe wns Cw = PORT» P19 ‘mas irene rss Cnn Ben) -PROMCTAREA MODERN hana coaatox nr exec eon oki nares he ‘ou Tess (Uewnbea Plea Bue) = REDLOGE ARCATA, MOREA ur tearne tanh CONTROLL CAAT PROCESELON DE EXECUTE LA {etince onto ets enaso a Seren na ed Gna shar ezeuTes et RONENDOASE [INSTAL ATI PENTRU CONSTRUCT recs eo areas ioe ten ea Com Te ce cere gute eg acne We Boatman SS si aimee a re Sams oeetema van. aL ———. ee Fc bia na Setar caer aa ae a ‘SB Se Rice «ence me Bsc acess er ne mma(Grpecom mos vrei mn - INSTALATS DE ALIMESTARE co ‘Dnata CeorauenTeLon 9 sireueion Termor swe 1S RON NOL Seatac Seema wate told ‘ets trace. For Sate (terns Yes de Gna Bur) ~ MODELARER [en eee nr ee Se ees ee Re ere ty Senate ee fem arora ononncononce ‘Uiuberé i ANENAARLE DE Roos Sais nw ten =o 7" en eee ws omer a ee EE women raceme Sorat apr Rta men greca nenuruon ee See sane TORI Se mmm rs ey tam oro P's Pons Se Soci. a Cvs Tet de Comm Bugs « MASURATOR! (erinecs fumes tonal 3 ‘Gooren See ane ee ag eae ee Stree seers = Cer cee nen orem eee ene eae ee Setitn fee oennse womens > NEsuLATE RMGARCADISTRALA va ss, RENIN > Seopa Gases rata Statue ees Cenc Sco — ‘ssn Sac Schade pceatranes he RONSON MANAGE MENTUL IN CONSTRUCT >See Re aaa ea ‘lreavegtnta (vor rw sR fdtSenenrUt Resunodion Tega M ConsTHTH «Pe ONT soteoch ‘A ttomot Seaton h wcuaTmn ConrmUcTHLOR » Pt 7 ROMO