NORMATIV

PRIVIND CALCULUL TERMOTEHNIC AL ELEMENTELOR DE CONSTRUCIE ALE CLDIRILOR Indicativ C 107 2005 Partea 1 - NORMATIV PRIVIND CALCULUL COEFICIENILOR LO!ALI DE I"OLARE TERMIC LA CLDIRILE DE LOCUIT C 107#1

Ediie revizuit de: UNIVERSITATEA DE ARHITECTURA I URBANISM I N MINCU! " Bucure#ti UNIVERSITATEA TEHNIC$ DE C NSTRUC%II " Bucure#ti INSTITUTU& DE CERCET$RI 'N C NSTRUC%II I EC N MIA C NSTRUC%II& R I N C E R C " Bucure#ti C RD NAT R:

AS CIA%IA IN(INERI& R DE INSTA&A%II DIN R M)NIA " AIIR *r+,- dr- in.- &iviu DUMITRESCU

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1$ O!IECT %I DOMENIU DE APLICARE 1$1- *revederi/e 1rezentei re./e2entri te3nice 4ta0i/e#te 2+du/ de ca/cu/ a/ c+e,icientu/ui ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic 5(6 care e71ri2 1ierderi/e t+ta/e de c/dur /a c/diri/e de /+cuitRe./e2entarea te3nic cu1rinde8 de a4e2enea8 va/+ri/e n+r2ate 2a7i2e a/e c+e,icieni/+r ./+0a/i de iz+/are ter2ic 5(N68 care 4e ad2it /a c/diri/e de /+cuit1$2- *rezenta re./e2entare ur2re#te ca8 at9t 1rin c+nce1ia c+21/e7 iniia/ a c/dirii 5c+n,i.uraie8 1r+cent de vitrare8 etc-68 c9t #i 1rin 2+du/ de a/ctuire a/ctuire a e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie 1eri2etra/e #i a deta/ii/+r8 4 4e /i2iteze 1ierderi/e de c/dur :n e71/+atare8 :n vederea reducerii c+n4u2u/ui de ener.ie 1entru :nc/zirea c/diri/+r de /+cuit1$&- *revederi/e 1rezentei re./e2entri 4e a1/ic /a t+ate ti1uri/e de c/diri de /+cuit #i anu2e: ; c/diri de /+cuit individua/e 5ca4e uni,a2i/ia/e8 cu1/ate 4au :n#iruite8 ti1 du1/e78 #-a-6< ; c/diri de /+cuit8 cu 2ai 2u/te a1arta2ente< ; c2ine #i internate< ; uniti de cazare din 3+te/uri #i 2+te/uriRe./e2entarea 4e re,er at9t /a c/diri/e n+i8 c9t #i /a c/diri/e e7i4tente care ur2eaz a ,i 4u1u4e /ucrri/+r de rea0i/itare #i de 2+dernizareC/diri/e de /+cuit av9nd 2a.azine 4au 41aii cu a/te de4tinaii /a anu2ite nive/uri8 v+r ,i c+n4iderate e7c/u4iv ace4te 41aii8 av9nd :n vedere #i 1ierderi/e de c/dur 1rin 4u1ra,ee/e adiacente1$'$ C+e,icienii ./+0a/i de iz+/are ter2ic " ( " au :n vedere : ; 1ierderi/e de c/dur 1rin tran4,er ter2ic8 a,erente tutur+r 4u1ra,ee/+r 1eri2etra/e8 care de/i2iteaz v+/u2u/ :nc/zit a/ c/dirii< ; 1ierderi/e de c/dur a,erente un+r c+ndiii n+r2a/e de re:21r+41tare a aeru/ui interi+r< ; 1ierderi/e de c/dur 4u1/i2entare dat+rate in,i/traiei :n e7ce4 a aeru/ui e7teri+r8 1rin r+4turi/e t921/rieiC+e,icienii ./+0a/i nu in 4ea2a de a1+rtu/ 4+/ar #i nici de a1+rtu/ de c/dur dat+rat +cu1rii /+cuine/+r1$5$ Re41ectarea 1revederi/+r 1rezentei re./e2entri te3nice e4te + c+ndiie +0/i.at+rie at9t 1entru e/a0+rat+rii 1r+iecte/+r8 1entru 41ecia/i#tii veri,icat+ri #i e71eri ate4tai8 c9t #i 1entru inve4tit+ri #i e7ecutani8 :n c+nc+rdan cu 1revederi/e /e.a/e :n vi.+areVeri,icarea 1r+iecte/+r 4u0 a41ectu/ e7i.ene/+r de iz+/aie ter2ic #i de ec+n+2ie de ener.ie e4te +0/i.at+rie /a +0inerea aut+rizaiei de c+n4truire1$($ Veri,icarea c+e,icientu/ui ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic nu anu/eaz +0/i.ativitatea e,ecturii tutur+r ce/+r/a/te veri,icri ter2+te3nice cerute de /e.i4/aia :n vi.+are1$7$ *rezenta re./e2entare te3nic 4e va uti/iza :21reun cu ur2t+are/e acte n+r2ative: =>? C>@ABC N+r2ativ 1rivind ca/cu/u/ ter2+te3nic a/ e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie a/e c/diri/+r=D? =C? =F? C>@ABE N+r2ativ 1rivind ca/cu/u/ ter2+te3nic a/e e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie :n c+ntact cu 4+/u/C>@ABF (3id 1entru ca/cu/u/ 1er,+r2ane/+r ter2+te3nice a/e c/diri/+r de SR FGCH;>HHA In4ta/aii de :nc/zire- Nu2ru/ anua/ de .rade;zi/e/+cuit-

1$)$ *entru uti/izarea 1rezentei re./e2entri d+2eniu: =E? =I?

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EN IS >CAGH T3er2a/ 1er,+r2ance +, 0ui/din.4 " Tran42i44i+n 3eat /+44 c+e,icient " Ca/cu/ati+n 2et3+dEN IS ACFE T3er2a/ in4u/ati+n " *3J4ica/ Kuantitie4 and de,initi+n42

2$ TERMENI* SIM!OLURI %I UNITI DE MSUR Si20+/uri/e #i uniti/e de 24ur a/e 1rinci1a/i/+r ter2eni uti/izai :n 1rezente/e re./e2entri te3nice 4unt date :n ta0e/u/ >Se ,+/+4e#te 4i4te2u/ internai+na/ de uniti de 24uri 5SI68 :n care : >L M @8GI@ Nca/B3 M >OB4 D > 2 PBL M >8>IC 2D 3 +CBNca/ C >LB52 P6 M @8GI@ Nca/B52C 3 +C6 >L3 M CI@@ O M @8GI@ Nca/ SIM!OLURI %I UNITI DE MSUR TABE&U& I
SIMB &U& P A A+ V N T, Te TTERMENU& *eri2etru/ c/diriiAria de tran4,er ter2icAria anve/+1eiAria c+n4truit a c/diriiV+/u2u/ interi+r :nc/zit a/ c/diriiNu2ru/ de nive/uriTe21eratura 41aii/+r ne:nc/ziteTe21eratura e7teri+ar de ca/cu/ Te21eratura interi+ar de ca/cu/ Di,erena :ntre te21eratura e7teri+ar #i cea interi+ar de ca/cu/Ca1acitatea ca/+ric 2a4ic /a 1re4iune c+n4tant8 a aeru/uiDen4itatea a1arent a aeru/uiRezi4tena ter2ic c+rectat8 2edie8 a unui e/e2ent de c+n4trucie8 1e an4a20/u/ c/diriiC+e,icientu/ de tran4,er ter2ic 5tran42itana ter2ic6 c+rectat568 2ediu8 a/B5a6 unui e/e2ent de c+n4trucie8 1e an4a20/u/ c/diriiC+e,icientu/ de cu1/aS ter2icQ/u7 ter2ic Qact+ru/ de c+recie a te21eraturi/+r e7teri+areViteza de venti/are 5nu2ru/ de 4c3i20uri de aer 1e +r6C+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic a c/diriiN C+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ n+r2at de iz+/are ter2ic a c/diriiRE&A%IA DE DEQINIRE ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
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&$ DETERMINAREA COEFICIENTULUI

LO!AL DE I"OLARE TERMIC 5 6

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A M VAS

=2D?

Nu 4e inc/ud :n v+/u2u/ c/dirii: ; :nc1eri/e cu te21eraturi 2u/t 2ai 2ici dec9t te21eratura 1red+2inant a c/dirii8 de e7e21/u ca2ere/e de 1u0e/e< ; verande/e8 1recu2 #i 0a/c+ane/e #i /+.ii/e8 c3iar :n 4ituaia :n care e/e 4unt :nc3i4e cu t921/rie e7teri+ar&a c/diri/e cu tera48 :n cazu/ :n care ca4a 4crii 4e ridic 1e4te c+ta .enera/ a 1/an#eu/ui tera4ei8 1ereii e7teri+ri ai ace4teia 4e c+n4ider ca e/e2ente a/e anve/+1ei c/dirii&a c/diri/e cu ac+1eri# :nc/inat8 :n 4ituaiii/e :n care ca4a 4crii c+ntinu 1e4te c+ta .enera/ a 1/an#eu/ui 1+du/ui8 ca e/e2ente de/i2itat+are8 41re e7teri+r8 4e c+n4ider 1ereii dintre ca4a 4crii #i 1+d #i 1/an#eu/ 4au ac+1eri#u/ de 1e4te ca4a 4crii&a ca4a 4crii de /a 1arter8 1recu2 #i /a 3+/uri/e de intrare :n c/dire care au 1/an#eu/ in,eri+r denive/at8 deter2inarea v+/u2u/ui #i a 4u1ra,eei anve/+1ei 1recu2 #i a 4u1ra,ee/+r tutur+r e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie care 4e1ar ace4te 41aii8 de 4u04+/ #i de aeru/ e7teri+r 51erei8 1/an#ee8 ra21e8 1+de4te68 4e ,ace cu /uarea :n c+n4ideraie a ace4tei denive/ri-

&$5$ Rezi4tene/e ter2ice c+rectate8 2edii 1e an4a20/u/ c/dirii8 a/e e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie 5RR26 4e deter2in 1e 0aza 1revederi/+r din =>?8 =D? #i =C?8 cu /uarea :n c+n4ideraie a in,/uenei tutur+r 1uni/+r ter2ice a4u1ra rezi4tene/+r ter2ice unidireci+na/e8 :n c921 curent 5R6&$5$1$ *rinci1a/e/e 1uni ter2ice care tre0uie 4 ,ie avute :n vedere /a deter2inarea va/+ri/+r RR2 4unt ur2t+are/e : Y /a 1erei: 4t9/1i8 .rinzi8 centuri8 1/ci de 0a/c+ane8 /+.ii #i 0+Zind+uri8 0uiandru.i8 4t9/1i#+ri8 c+/uri #i c+nturu/ t921/riei< Y /a 1/an#ee/e de /a tera4e #i de /a 1+duri: atice8 c+rni#e8 4trea#ini8 c+#uri #i venti/aii< Y /a 1/an#ee/e de 1e4te 4u04+/8 ter2+iz+/ate /a 1artea 4u1eri+ar: 1ereii 4tructura/i #i ne4tructura/i de /a 1arter #i z+na de rac+rdare cu 4+c/u/< Y /a 1/an#ee/e de 1e4te 4u04+/8 ter2+iz+/ate /a 1artea in,eri+ar: 1ereii 4tructura/i #i ne4tructura/i de /a 4u04+/8 .rinzi/e 5dac nu 4unt ter2+iz+/ate6 #i z+na de rac+rdare cu 4+c/u/< Y /a 1/ci/e :n c+ntact cu 4+/u/: z+na de rac+rdare cu 4+c/u/8 1recu2 #i t+ate 4u1ra,ee/e cu ter2+iz+/aia :ntreru1t < Y /a 1/an#ee/e care de/i2iteaz v+/u2u/ c/dirii /a 1artea in,eri+ar8 de aeru/ e7teri+r: .rinzi 5dac nu 4unt ter2+iz+/ate68 centuri8 1recu2 #i z+na de rac+rdare cu 1ereii adiaceni&$5$2$ Rezi4tene/e ter2ice c+rectate8 2edii8 a/e 4u1ra,ee/+r +1ace a/e e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie8 4e deter2in 1e 0aza 2et+dei c+e,icieni/+r 41eci,ici /iniari #i 1unctua/i de tran4,er ter2ic8 :n c+n,+r2itate cu re/aii/e de ca/cu/ " ca1- A din =>? #i =D? #i a ta0e/e/+r >---AC din =>? #i >--->G din =D?&$5$&$ &a ,aze/e 1re/i2inare de 1r+iectare8 in,/uena 1uni/+r ter2ice 4e 1+ate eva/ua 1rintr;+ reducere ./+0a/ a rezi4tene/+r ter2ice unidireci+na/e 5:n c921 curent68 a4t,e/ : Y /a 1erei e7teri+ri D@---FE [ Y /a tera4e #i 1/an#ee 4u0 1+duri >E---DE [ Y /a 1/an#ee 1e4te 4u04+/uri #i 4u0 0+Zind+uri DE---CE [ Y /a r+4turi >@---D@ [ &$5$'$ &a ,aze/e 1re/i2inare #i inter2ediare de 1r+iectare 4e ad2ite uti/izarea 2et+dei 4i21/i,icate din ane7a H din =>?8 care c+n4t :n deter2inarea 2ediei arit2etice a rezi4tene/+r ter2ice ca/cu/ate 1e z+ne di41u4e 1ara/e/ 1e ,/u7u/ ter2ic #i 1e 4traturi di41u4e 1er1endicu/ar 1e ,/u7u/ ter2ic&$5$5$ Rezi4tene/e ter2ice a/e t921/riei e7teri+are8 /u2inat+are/+r #i 1erei/+r e7teri+ri vitrai 4e v+r c+n4idera c+n,+r2 1revederi/+r din ca1- H #i din ane7a I din =>?&$($ *entru 2rirea .radu/ui de c+n,+rt ter2ic /a c/diri/e de /+cuit8 1recu2 #i :n vederea reducerii c+n4u2u/ui de ener.ie :n e71/+atare8 rezi4tene/e ter2ice RR2 deter2inate c+n,+r2 1ctC-E- tre0uie 4 ,ie 2ai 2ari dec9t va/+ri/e RR2in din ane7a C&$7$ Qact+ru/ de c+recie a te21eraturi/+r e7teri+are 4e ca/cu/eaz cu re/aia : Ti " TS W M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; =;? 5F6 T i ; Te :n care : Te te21erature e7teri+ar c+nveni+na/ de ca/cu/ 1entru 1eri+ada rece a anu/ui8 care 4e c+n4ider :n c+n,+r2itate cu 3arta de z+nare c/i2atic a terit+riu/ui R+29niei8 1entru 1eri+ada de iarn8 din ane7a D din =>?8 a4t,e/: \+na I Te M ;>D+C
8

Ti Tu TS

\+na II Te M ;>E+C \+na III Te M ;>G+C \+na IV Te M ;D>+C te21erature interi+ar c+nveni+na/ de ca/cu/ 1e ti21u/ iernii8 care /a c/diri/e de /+cuit 4e c+n4ider te21erature 1red+2inant a :nc1eri/+r: Ti M XD@+C te21eratura :n 41aii/e ne:nc/zite din e7teri+ru/ anve/+1ei8 deter2inat 1e 0aza unui ca/cu/ a/ 0i/anu/ui ter2ic8 e,ectuat :n c+n,+r2itate cu 1revederi/e din =>? #i =D?te21eratura :n 2ediu/ din e7teri+ru/ anve/+1ei care 1+ate ,i: TS M Te8 4au TS M Tu

*entru ca/cu/e :n ,aze 1re/i2inare de 1r+iectare8 va/+ri/e W 4e 1+t c+n4idera: W M @8H /a r+4turi de4c3i4e #i /a 1+duri < W M @8E /a r+4turi :nc3i4e8 /a 4u04+/uri ne:nc/zite #i /a 1ivnie8 /a ca2ere de 1u0e/e8 1recu2 #i /a a/te 41aii adiacente ne:nc/zite 4au av9nd a/te de4tinaii< W M @8G /a verande8 0a/c+ane #i /+.ii :nc3i4e cu t921/rie e7teri+ar< W M @8H /a t921/ria e7teri+ar 1revzut cu +0/+ane /a ,aa e7teri+arW M >8@/a e/e2ente/e de c+n4trucie care 4e1ar 2ediu/ interi+r TS de 2ediu/ e7teri+r&$)$ &a 1ierderi/e de c/dur 1rin tran4,er ter2ic 4e adau. 1ierderi/e a,erente un+r c+ndiii n+r2a/e de re:21r+41tare a aeru/ui interi+r8 1recu2 #i 1ierderi/e de c/dur 4u1/i2entare8 a,erente in,i/traiei :n e7ce4 a aeru/ui e7teri+r8 care 1+ate 1trunde 1rin r+4turi/e t921/rieiAce4te 1ierderi8 ra1+rtate /a v+/u2u/ c/dirii V #i /a di,erena de te21eratur T M Ti ;Te8 au va/+area @8CF - n =LB2CP?8 :n care : n viteza de venti/are natura/ a c/dirii8 re41ectiv nu2ru/ de 4c3i20uri de aer 1e +ra =3;>? @8CF re1rezint 1r+du4u/ dintre ca1acitatea ca/+ric 2a4ic #i den4itatea a1arent a aeru/ui: ca M >@@@ L - 4B5N. - P6 ]a M >8DC N.B2C >DC@ C ca T ]a M >DC@ =L T 4B52 P6? M ;;;;;;; M @8CF =L3B52CP6? CI@@ Va/+ri/e 4 4e iau din ane7a >8 cu ur2t+are/e 1recizri: Va/+area n M @8E =3 ">? re1rezint nu2ru/ 2ini2 de 4c3i20uri de aer 1e +r nece4ar 1entru re:21r+41tarea aeru/ui interi+r :n vederea a4i.urrii un+r c+ndiii n+r2a/e de 2icr+c/i2atAce4te 4c3i20uri n+r2a/e 4e rea/izeaz: 1rin inerente/e neetan#eiti a/e t921/riei< 1rin de4c3iderea ,ere4tre/+r #i u#i/+r e7teri+are< 1rin eventua/e 4i4te2e 41ecia/e de venti/are natura/ 5de e7e21/u c/a1ete re./a0i/e 1entru 1riza de aer 1r+a41t #i a/te c/a1ete 4au cana/e vertica/e de venti/aie 1entru e/i2inarea aeru/ui viciat6 *ierderi/e 4u1/i2entare de c/dur dat+rate in,i/traiei :n e7ce4 a aeru/ui e7teri+r 4unt + c+n4ecin direct a 2+du/ui de rea/izare a etan#eitii r+4turi/+r dintre cerceve/e/e #i t+curi/e t921/riei e7teri+are- Ace4te 1ierderi 4unt /e.ate de aciunea v9ntu/ui8 1recu2 #i de curenii de aer interi+ri #i e7teri+ri8 #i 4unt :n ,uncie de ur2t+rii ,act+ri: e71unerea c/dirii 54i21/ 4au du0/6 4u0 a41ectu/ in,i/traii/+r de aer8 re41ectiv cu a1arta2ente av9nd ,ere4tre 1e una 4au 1e d+u ,aade< .radu/ de ad1+4tire a c/dirii8 1rin e7i4tena un+r +04tac+/e :n ca/ea v9ntu/ui #i a cureni/+r de aer<
9

.radu/ de 1er2ea0i/itate a c/dirii8 :n ,uncie de 2+du/ de etan#are a t921/riei e7teri+areVa/+ri/e 4 din ane7a > cu1rind a20e/e c+21+nente a/e naturii 1ierderi/+r de c/dur8 a4t,e/ :nc9t nu2ru/ de 4c3i20uri de aer variaz de /a va/+area 2ini2 de @8E =3 ">? 5,r in,i/traii :n e7ce46 /a va/+ri de >8@---->8E =3 ">? 8 :n cazu/ un+r in,i/traii 4u1/i2entare 2ari&a c/diri av9nd 2ai 2u/te ,e/uri de t921/rii e7teri+are8 va/+area 4 4e deter2in 1rin inter1+/are8 :n ,uncie de 1+nderea arii/+r di,erite/+r ti1uri de t921/rii&$7$ *ri2u/ ter2en a/ re/aiei de ca/cu/ 5>6 1+ate ,i deter2inat cu:
5& S W S 6 = _ S

V V ^ UT :n care: A T 5Ti " TS6 _S M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; RR2

=LB52CP6?

5E6

=L?

5I6

&$10$ Rezi4tena ter2ic 2edie a anve/+1ei 4e 1+ate ca/cu/a cu re/aia: V AS RR2 M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; =52DP6BL? V 5& T WS6

5A6

'$ DETERMINAREA COEFICIENTULUI LO!AL NORMAT DE I"OLARE TERMIC 5 N6 C+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ n+r2at de iz+/are ter2ic e4te 4ta0i/it ,uncie de : nu2ru/ de nive/uri 5N6 ra1+rtu/ dintre aria anve/+1ei #i v+/u2u/ c/dirii 5ABV6Va/+ri/e c+e,icieni/+r ./+0a/i n+r2ai " va/a0i/i 1entru t+ate z+ne/e c/i2atice " 4unt date :n ane7a D&a c/diri/e av9nd 4u1ra,ee c+n4truite di,erite de /a nive/ /a nive/ 5de e7- /a c/diri/e cu retra.eri .a0aritice68 1recu2 #i /a ce/e cu 41aii av9nd a/te de4tinaii dec9t aceea de /+cuine /a une/e nive/uri 4au 1+riuni de nive/uri8 1entru nu2ru/ de nive/uri N 4e va ca/cu/a + va/+are c+nveni+na/8 cu re/aia: VAc N M ;;;;;;;;; Ac 2a7 =;? 5G6

:n care : Ac aria c+n4truit a c/dirii8 24urat 1e c+nturu/ e7teri+r a/ 1erei/+r de ,aad 5e7c/u4iv /+.ii/e #i 0a/c+ane/e6 /a ,iecare nive/ a/ c/dirii =2D?< Ac 2a7 cea 2ai 2are va/+are Ac din c/dire =2D?'n ace4t caz va/+area N 1+ate rezu/ta ca nu2r zeci2a/8 :ncadrarea :n ane7a D ur29nd a 4e ,ace 1rin inter1+/are-

10

5$ VERIFICAREA NIVELULUI DE I"OLARE TERMIC

LO!AL

Nive/u/ de iz+/are ter2ic ./+0a/ e4te c+re41unzt+r8 dac 4e rea/izeaz c+ndiia : ( (N =LB2CP? 5H6

*+4i0i/iti/e de rea/izare a ace4tei c+ndiii tre0uie 4 ,ie atent ana/izate :nc de /a ,aze/e 1re/i2inare a/e 1r+iectu/ui8 atunci c9nd 4e ,ace c+nce1ia c+21/e7 a c/dirii8 c9nd :nc 4e 2ai 1+ate interveni a4u1ra c+n,i.uraiei :n 1/an #i 1e vertica/ a c+n4truciei8 1recu2 #i a4u1ra 1ara2etri/+r ei .e+2etrici*rinci1a/ii ,act+ri .e+2etrici8 care in,ueneaz a4u1ra c+e,icientu/ui ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic (8 4unt ur2t+rii : Y Ra1+rtu/ *BAc8 :n care : * 1eri2etru/ c/dirii8 24urat 1e c+nturu/ e7teri+r a/ 1erei/+r de ,aad< Ac aria :n 1/an a c/dirii8 /i2itat de 1eri2etru 5arie c+n4truit6Y (radu/ de vitrare8 e71ri2at 1rin ra1+rtu/ dintre aria t921/ariei e7teri+are #i aria t+ta/ a 1erei/+r e7teri+ri 51artea +1ac X 1artea vitrat6< Y Retra.eri/e .a0aritice8 e7i4tena 0+Zind+uri/+r8 1recu2 #i a/te variaii a/e 4u1ra,ee/+r Ac de /a nive/ /a nive/($ RECOMANDRI PRIVIND UNELE POSI!LITI DE 8M!UNATIRE A COMPORTRII TERMOTEHNICE %I DE REDUCERE A VALORII COEFICIENTULUI LO!AL DE I"OLARE TERMIC LA CLDIRILE DE LOCUIT *entru :20untirea c+21+rtrii ter2+te3nice a c/diri/+r de /+cuit #i 1entru reducerea va/+rii c+e,icientu/ui ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic8 4e rec+2and a1/icarea ur2t+are/+r 24uri: &a a/ctuirea .enera/ a c/dirii: /a 4ta0i/irea 1+ziii/+r #i di2en4iuni/+r t921/riei e7teri+are 4e va avea :n vedere at9t +rientarea cardina/8 c9t #i +rientarea ,a de direcia v9nturi/+r d+2inante8 in9nd 4ea2a #i de e7i4tena c/diri/+r :nvecinate< de#i nu 4e c+n4ider :n ca/cu/e8 ,ere4tre/e +rientate 41re 4ud au un a1+rt 4+/ar 4e2ni,icativ< 1entru reducerea 1ierderi/+r de c/dur 41re 41aii/e de circu/aie c+2un8 4e v+r 1revedea Zind,an.uri /a intrri/e :n c/diri8 a1arate de :nc3idere aut+2at a u#i/+r de intrare :n c/diri8 ter2+iz+/aii /a u#i/e de intrare :n a1arta2ente8 :nc/zirea 41aii/+r c+2une /a te21eraturi a1r+1iate de te21eratura din /+cuine #-a-< /a 1ereii interi+ri ai c2ri/+r aeri4ite direct8 4e v+r 1revedea 24uri de ter2+iz+/are&a a/ctuirea e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie 1eri2etra/e: 4e v+r uti/iza 4+/uii cu rezi4tene ter2ice 41eci,ice 41+rite8 cu uti/izarea 2ateria/e/+r ter2+iz+/ante e,iciente 51+/i4tiren8 vat 2inera/ #-a-6< 4e v+r uti/iza 4+/uii :20untite de t921/rie e7teri+ar8 cu ce/ 1uin C r9nduri de .ea2uri 4au cu .ea2uri ter2+iz+/ante< 4e va ur2ri reducerea :n c9t 2ai 2are 24ur a 1uni/+r ter2ice de +rice ,e/8 :n 41ecia/ :n z+ne/e de inter4ecii a e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie 5c+/uri8 4+c/uri8 c+rni#e8 atice68 c9t #i /a 0a/c+ane8 /+.ii8 0+Zind+uri8 :n Suru/ .+/uri/+r de ,ere4tre #i u#i de 0a/c+n8 #-a< 4e interzice uti/izarea t921/rii/+r cu t+curi #i cerceve/e din a/u2iniu ,r :ntreru1erea 1uni/+r ter2ice-

'n vederea reducerii in,i/traii/+r de aer rece

11

 /a t921/ria e7teri+ar 4e v+r /ua 24uri de etan#are c+re41unzt+are a r+4turi/+r dintre t+curi #i c+nturu/ .+/uri/+r din 1erei< 4e va uti/iza e7c/u4iv t921/rie de 0un ca/itate #i 1revzut cu .arnituri de etan#are< 4u1ra,ee/e vitrate8 /u2inat+are/e #i t921/ria ,i7 v+r ,i 1revzute cu 4+/uii de etan#are care 4 e7c/ud +rice in,i/traii < /a 1ereii din 1an+uri 2ari 1re,a0ricate8 r+4turi/e dintre 1an+uri v+r ,i e7c/u4iv de ti1 `:nc3i4! #i v+r ,i etan#ate cu c3ituri de ca/itate c+re41unzt+are8 care 4 c+n,ere + 4i.uran de1/in8 at9t ,a de in,i/traii/e de a18 c9t #i ,a in,i/traii/e de aer < /a e/e2ente/e 1eri2etra/e +1ace nu 4e v+r uti/iza 4+/uii c+n4tructive caracterizate 1rintr;+ 1er2ea0i/itate /a aer ridicat-

12

7$ METOD PENTRU DETERMINAREA NECESARULUI ANUAL DE CLDUR PENTRU 8NCL"IRE PE !A"A COEFICIENILOR LO!ALI DE I"OLARE TERMIC 9 :* LA CLDIRILE DE LOCUIT 7$1 ENERALITI

7$1$1 Nece4aru/ anua/ de c/dur uti/izat 1entru :nc/zirea8 :n 1eri+ada rece8 a c/diri/+r8 e4te un indicat+r i21+rtant care re,/ect .radu/ de 1r+tecie ter2ic :n ceea ce 1rive#te ec+n+2ia de ener.ie #i re1rezint 1rinci1a/a caracteri4tic ener.etic a c/diri/+r*revederi/e c+ninute :n ace4t ca1it+/ 4e a1/ic /a t+ate ti1uri/e de c/diri de /+cuit8 inc/u4iv /a c2ine8 internate8 #-a- *revederi/e ace4tui ca1it+/ 4unt va/a0i/e at9t /a c/diri/e de /+cuit n+i c9t #i /a c/diri/e de /+cuit e7i4tente 1entru 4ituaia de dinainte 4auB#i de du1 2+dernizarea ter2+te3nic7$1$2 *revederi/e c+ninute :n ace4t ca1it+/ nu 4e a1/ic /a ur2t+are/e cate.+rii de c/diri de /+cuit: ; c/diri/e 1r+iectate 1entru un a1+rt activ de c/dur 4+/ar< ; c/diri/e 1revzute cu in4ta/aii de venti/are aci+nate 2ecanic8 cu 4au ,r recu1erarea c/durii'n ace4t ca1it+/ 4e trateaz ur2t+are/e a41ecte: ; Deter2inarea cu + 2et+da 4i21/i,icat a nece4aru/ui anua/ de c/dur 1entru :nc/zire a,erent unui 2C de v+/u2 :nc/zit8 :n ,uncie de c+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic a c/dirii 5(6 deter2inat c+n,+r2 ca1- CMet+da de ca/cu/ 51ct- A-DaA-I6 ine 4ea2a de c+ndiii/e c/i2atice a/e a21/a4a2entu/ui8 1recu2 #i de a1+rturi/e de c/dur intern #i 4+/ar 51a4iv6 #i 4e 1+ate ,+/+4i /a deter2inarea 1rin ca/cu/ a nece4aru/ui anua/ de c/dur at9t 1entru c/diri/e n+i8 c9t #i 1entru ce/e e7i4tente 5rea0i/itate 4au nerea0i/itate6; Ide2 ca 2ai 4u48 dar :n c+ndiii c/i2atice #i de e71/+atare a in4ta/aiei de :nc/zire ;uni,icate8 1entru ca/cu/e c+21arative 51ct-A-A6; Va/+ri n+r2ate 1entru nece4aru/ anua/ de c/dur 1entru :nc/zire 51ct-A-G67$1$' *revederi/e din 1rezentu/ ca1it+/ nu 4e uti/izeaz 1entru di2en4i+narea in4ta/aii/+r de :nc/zire ci nu2ai 1entru eva/uarea 1er,+r2anei ter2+;ener.etice a anve/+1ei c/diri/+r :n ,aze 1re/i2inare #i inter2ediare de 1r+iectare7$2 NECESARUL ANUAL DE CLDUR Nece4aru/ anua/ de c/dur 1entru :nc/zire a,erent unui 2C de v+/u2 interi+r8 4e ca/cu/eaz cu re/aia: bM
DF i C- N >D -G 5Qi + Q s 6 >@@@

= NL3B52C- an6?

5>@6

:n care: b nece4aru/ anua/ de ca/dur 1e 2etru cu0 de v+/u2 :nc/zit8 = NL3B2C- an?< ( c+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic a c/dirii8 care 4e deter2in :n c+n,+r2itate cu 1revederi/e din ca1it+/u/ C8 =LB52CP6?< C c+e,icient de c+recie8 =;?< i N >D nu2ru/ anua/ de .rade;zi/e de ca/cu/8 c+re41unzt+r /+ca/itii unde e4te a21/a4at c/direa8 ca/cu/at 1entru te21eratura interi+ar 2edie :n 1eri+ada de
13

bi b4

:nc/zire 5i6 #i 1entru te21eratura e7teri+ar 2edie zi/nic care 2arc3eaz :nce1erea #i +1rirea :nc/zirii 5e+ M X >D+C6< 4e e71ri2a in =P-zi/e?< a1+rtu/ uti/ de c/dur rezu/tat din /+cuirea c/dirii8 a,erent unui 2C de v+/u2 :nc/zit =NL3B2C- an?< a1+rtu/ uti/ de c/dur 1r+venit din radiaia 4+/ar8 a,erent unui 2C de v+/u2 :nc/zit =NL3B2C- an?RADE"ILE DE CALCUL

7$& NUMRUL ANUAL DE

Nu2ru/ anua/ de .rade"zi/e de ca/cu/ 4e deter2in 1e 0aza 1revederi/+r din 4tandardu/ SR FGCH ;>HHA8 cu re/aia: i D@ =P-zi/e? 5>>6 N >D M N >D ; 5D@ ; i6 D>D :n care: D@ N >D nu2ru/ anua/ de .rade;zi/e de ca/cu/8 1entru iMXD@+C #i 1entru e+MX>D+C8 =P-zi/e? i te21eratura interi+ar 2edie a c/dirii =+C? D>D durata c+nveni+na/ a 1eri+adei de :nc/zire8 c+re41unzt+are te21eraturii e7teri+are care 2arc3eaz :nce1erea #i +1rirea :nc/zirii e+MX>D+C8 =zi/e? 7$&$1 Te21eratura interi+ar 2edie a c/dirii 4e ca/cu/eaz cu re/aia: 5 j -Vuj 6 i = =+C? 5>D6 V uj :n care: VuS v+/u2u/ uti/ a/ ,iecreia din :nc1eri/e direct :nc/zite 51revzute cu c+r1uri de :nc/zire6 a/e c/dirii =2C? i te21eratura interi+ar de ca/cu/ a :nca1eri/+r direct :nc/zite a/e c/dirii =+C? V+/u2u/ uti/ a/ :nc1eri/+r VuS 4e deter2in 1rin :n2u/irea ariei uti/e 5AuS6 cu :n/i2ea /i0er 53uS6 24urat :ntre ,aa 4u1eri+ar a 1ard+4e/ii #i tavanDac :nca1eri/e au aceia#i :n/i2e /i0er8 4e 1+ate ,+/+4i re/aia: 5 j - Auj 6 i = =+C? 5>C6 A uj :n care: AuS aria uti/ a ,iecreia din :nc1eri/e direct :nc/zite a/e c/dirii =2D?7$&$2 *entru + 4erie de /+ca/iti8 nu2ru/ anua/ de .rade zi/e de ca/cu/ c+nveni+na/ a 1eri+adei de :nc/zire D>D 4e dau :n ta0e/u/ A->D @ N> D

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'$&$' *entru /+ca/iti/e care nu 4unt cu1rin4e :n ta0e/u/ A->8 1ara2etrii N #i D 4e 1+t deter2ina ,ie 1rin c+21araie cu va/+ri/e c+re41unzt+are a/e un+r /+ca/iti :nvecinate8 av9nd c+ndiii a4e2nt+are de te21eratur e7ter+ar #i re/ie,8 ,ie 1rintr;un ca/cu/ e7act8 1ut9ndu;4e uti/iza 2et+da din SR FGCH;>HHANUMRUL ANUAL DE RADE-"ILE DE CALCUL %I DURATA CONVENIONAL A PERIOADEI DE 8NCL"IRE

14

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16

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&E(ENDA 1. C&$DIRI DE & CUIT *R IECTATE 'NAINTE DE @>-@>-D@@I 5bN>6 2. C&$DIRI DE & CUIT *R IECTATE DU*$ @>-@>-D@@I 5bND6
31

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7$)$& *entru va/+ri ABV inter2ediare8 va/+ri/e bN 4e 1+t deter2ina ,ie 1rin inter1+/are8 ,ie cu re/aii/e:
A V A bND M >@ X DE V

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bM b N

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32

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7$7 NECESARUL ANUAL DE COM!USTI!IL %I EMISIA ANUAL DE !IO@ID DE CAR!ON *e 0aza nece4aru/ui anua/ de c/dur8 deter2inat c+n,+r2 1ct- A-D---A-I 4au c+n,+r2 1ct- A-A8 4e 1+t ca/cu/a: ; nece4aru/ anua/ de c+20u4ti0i/< ; e2i4ii/e anua/e de C D8 S D8 C 8 N D8 #-a'n ta0e/u/ A-E 4e dau une/e date uti/e 1entru deter2inarea nece4aru/ui anua/ de c+20u4ti0i/ #i 1entru eva/uarea e2i4iei anua/e de 0i+7id de car0+nTa0e/u/ A-E
C;1A,Bt-A-<,< C+20u4ti0i/ /ic3id (az natura/ Ter2+,icare &e2n Cr0une UM / 2C (ca/ 2C N. C;4B,1 BCe+-D-+ UMBNL3 @8>@ @8>@ G8I 7 >@;F > 7 >@;C @8D@ E1-B-e Ee CO2 N.BNL3 @8DH @8>H @8DF @8CI @8CC---@8F@

ANE@A 1 NUMRUL SCHIM!URILOR DE AER PE OR - 4 - 5 F-1 6 LA CLDIRI DE LOCUIT

5INCERC " Bucure#ti6

CATE( RIA C&$DIRII

C&ASA DE AD$* STIRE

C&ASA DE *ERMEABI&ITATE ridicat 2edie 4czut

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C/diri individua/e 5ca4e uni,a2i/ia/e8 cu1/ate 4au :n#iruite #-a-6 C/diri cu 2ai 2u/te a1arta2ente8 du0/ e71unere c2ine8 internate8 #-a4i21/ e71unere

nead1+4tite 2+derat ad1+4tite ad1+4tite nead1+4tite 2+derat ad1+4tite ad1+4tite nead1+4tite 2+derat ad1+4tite ad1+4tite

>8E >8> @8A >8D @8H @8I >8@ @8A @8E

@8G @8I @8E @8A @8I @8E @8I @8E @8E

@8E @8E @8E @8E @8E @8E @8E @8E @8E

C&ASA DE AD$* STIRE : nead1+4tite: C/diri ,+arte :na/te8 c/diri /a 1eri,eria +ra#e/+r #i :n 1iee2+derat ad1+4tite: C/diri :n interi+ru/ +ra#e/+r8 cu 2ini2u2 C c/diri :n a1r+1ieread1+4tite: C/diri :n centru/ +ra#e/+r8 c/diri :n 1duriC&ASA DE *ERMEABI&ITATE : ridicat C/diri cu t921/rie e7teri+ar ,r 24uri de etan#are2edie C/diri cu t921/rie e7teri+ar cu .arnituri de etan#are4cazut C/diri cu venti/are c+ntr+/at #i cu t921/rie e7teri+ar 1revzut cu 24uri 41ecia/e de etan#are-

34

ANE@A 2 COEFICIENI LO!ALI NORMAI DE I"OLARE TERMIC N G>#51&H6I LA CLDIRI DE LOCUIT NUM$RU& DE NIVE&URI N A#V =2DB2C? @8G@ @8GE @8H@ @8HE >8@@ >8@E >8>@ @8FE @8E@ @8EE @8I@ @8IE @8A@ @8AE @8C@ @8CE @8F@ @8FE @8E@ @8EE @8I@ N =LB2CP ? @8AA @8G> @8GE @8GG @8H> @8HC @8HE @8EA @8I> @8II @8A@ @8AD @8AF @8AE @8FH @8EC @8EA @8I> @8IE @8IA @8IG NUM$RU& DE NIVE&URI N A#V =2DB2C? @8DE @8C@ @8CE @8F@ @8FE @8E@ @8EE @8D@ @8DE @8C@ @8CE @8F@ @8FE @8E@ @8>E @8D@ @8DE @8C@ @8CE @8F@ @8FE N =LB2CP? @8FI @8E@ @8EF @8EG @8I> @8IF @8IE @8FC @8FA @8E> @8EE @8EH @8I> @8IC @8F> @8FE @8FH @8EC @8EI @8EG @8EH

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N T$: > ; *entru a/te va/+ri ABV #i N8 4e inter1+/eaz /iniarD ; &a c/diri/e care 4e v+r 1r+iecta du1 >-@>->HHG8 va/+ri/e (N 4e reduc cu >@[C-; &a c/diri/e e7i4tente care ur2eaz a ,i rea0i/itate #i 2+dernizate8 va/+ri/e din ta0e/ au caracter de rec+2andare-

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ANE@A & RE"ISTENE TERMICE MINIME R01-4 ALE ELEMENTELOR DE CONSTRUCIE* PE ANSAM!LUL CLDIRII Nrcrt> D C F E I A G H E&EMENTU& DE C NSTRUC%IE *erei e7teri+ri 5e7c/u4iv 4u1ra,ee/e vitrate8 inc/u4iv 1ereii adiaceni r+4turi/+r de4c3i4e6 T921/rie e7teri+ar */an#ee 1e4te u/ti2u/ nive/8 4u0 tera4e 4au 1+duri */an#ee 1e4te 4u04+/uri ne:nc/zite #i 1ivnie *erei adiaceni r+4turi/+r :nc3i4e */an#ee care de/i2iteaz c/direa /a 1artea in,eri+ar8 de e7teri+r 5/a 0+Zind+uri8 .an.uri de trecere8 #-a6 */ci 1e 4+/ 51e4te CTS6 */ci /a 1artea in,eri+ar a de2i4+/uri/+r 4au a 4u04+/uri/+r :nc/zite 54u0 CTS6 *erei e7teri+ri8 4u0 CTS8 /a de2i4+/uri/e 4au /a 4u04+/uri/e :nc/zite R01-4 =2DPBL? C&$DIRI *R IECTATE 19n /a >-@>->HHG du1 >-@>->HHG >8D@ @8F@ D8@@ >8>@ @8H@ C8@@ C8@@ F8D@ D8@@ >8F@ @8E@ C8@@ >8IE >8>@ F8E@ F8E@ F8G@ D8F@

N T$: &a c/diri/e e7i4tente care ur2eaz a ,i rea0i/itate #i 2+dernizate8 va/+ri/e din ta0e/ au caracter de rec+2andare-

36

E@EMPLE DE CALCUL E@EMPLUL DE CALCUL NR$ 1 S 4e veri,ice c+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic 1entru + c/dire de /+cuit individua/8 cu1/at8 /a + ,az 1re/i2inar de 1r+iectareC/direa are 1arter8 a/ctuit c+n,+r2 ,i.- I8 #i e4te a21/a4at :ntr;un cartier din Bucure#ti'n/i2ea /i0er a 1arteru/ui ; :ntre ,aa 4u1eri+ar a 1ard+4e/ii #i tavan " e4te de D8EE 2C/direa 4e 1r+iecteaz :n cur4u/ anu/ui >HHAa6 Deter2inarea caracteri4tici/+r .e+2etrice a/e c/dirii: Aria 1/cii 1e 4+/ 5A>6 #i a 1/an#eu/ui 4u0 1+d 5AD6: A> M AD M >A8G@ T >>8G@ " D T >8D@ T >>8@@ M >GC8IF 2D *eri2etru/ c/dirii : * M D T 5>>8G@ X >A8G@ X D T >8D@6 M IF8@@ =2? 'n/i2ea 1arteru/ui: H M D8EE 2 Aria t921/riei e7teri+are: AC M D T >8G@ T >8E@ X D T >8D@ T >8E@ X G T @8I@ T @8I@ X D T @8H@ T >8E@ X D T D8>@ T >8E@ X X I T @8H@ T D8F@ M CC8GF =2D? Aria 1erei/+r e7teri+ri: AF M * T H ; AC AF M IF8@@ T D8EE " CC8GF M >DH8CI =2D? Aria anve/+1ei: A M D T >GC8IF X CC8GF X >DH8CI M EC@8FG =2D? V+/u2u/ c/dirii: V M A> T H M >GC8IF T D8EE M FIG8DGD =2C? 06 Deter2inarea c+e,icientu/ui ( 1e 0aza va/+ri/+r RR2in: Se uti/izeaz va/+ri/e 2ini2e RR2 M RR2in c+n,+r2 ane7ei C8 1entru c/diri 1r+iectate 19n /a >-@>->HHG8 #i anu2e: 1erei e7teri+ri RR2 M >8D@ 2DPBL t921/rie e7teri+ar RR2 M @8F@ 2DPBL 1/an#eu 1+d RR2 M D8@@ 2DPBL 1/ac 1e 4+/ RR2 M C8@@ 2DPBL Cu ace4te va/+ri8 :n ta0e/u/ I >8 4e deter2in ter2enu/: V=5A T W6BRR2?: Nrcrt> D C F A 2D >GC8IF >GC8IF CC8GF >DH8CI EC@8FG RR2 2DPBL C8@@ D8@@ @8F@ >8D@ ; TABE&U& I > AT W W ;;;;;; RR2 ; LBP ; I>8D>C @8H GD8ICG ; GF8I@@ ; >@A8G@@ ; CCI8DE>

E/e2entu/ de c+n4trucie */ac 1e 4+/ */an#eu 4u0 1+d T921/rie e7teri+ar *erei e7teri+ri T TA&

37

*entru nu2ru/ +rar de 4c3i20uri de aer 1entru venti/are8 48 4e c+n4ider:

38

 c/dire individua/< 2+derat ad1+4tit 5:n interi+ru/ unui +ra#8 cu 2ini2u2 C c/diri :n a1r+1iere6< c/a4a de 1er2ea0i/itate ridicat 5t921/rie e7teri+ar ,r 24uri de etan#are6C+n,+r2 ane7ei >8 4e c+n4ider: n M >8> =3;>? Rezu/t : CCI8DE> ( M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; X @8CF T >8> M @8A>G X @8CAF FIG8DG ( M >8@HD LB52CP6 Se deter2in : A EC@8FG ;;;;; M ;;;;;;;;;; M >8>C 2DB2C V FIG8DGD C+n,+r2 ane7ei D8 1entru N M > #i ABV M >8>C > >8>@ (N M @8HE LB52CP6 Rezu/t ( > (N< :n c+n4ecin8 tre0uie 4 4e ia une/e 24uri de reducere a 1ierderi/+r de c/durc6 Deter2inarea c+e,icientu/ui ( (N: Se aci+neaz nu2ai a4u1ra t921/riei e7teri+are8 a4t,e/: ,ere4tre/e #i u#i/e de 0a/c+n de /a ca2ere/e de zi #i de /a d+r2it+are 4e 1revd a 4e rea/iza din t921/rie du0/8 din /e2n8 cu un .ea2 ter2+iz+/ant #i un .ea2 +0i#nuit 5RR M @8EE 2DPBL68 cu .arnituri de etan#are< ce/e/a/te ,ere4tre 4e 1revd a 4e e7ecuta din t921/rie du0/ din /e2n8 cu .ea2uri +0i#nuite 5RR M @8FC 2DPBL68 ,r .arnituri de etan#are< u#a de intrare e4te din /e2n8 +1ac8 av9nd RR M @8CH 2DPBL8 ,r .arnituri de etan#are'n ta0e/u/ I D 4e ca/cu/eaz rezi4tena ter2ic 2edie a t921/riei: NrTi1u/ t921/riei crt> U#a de intrare D C T921/rie du0/ +0i#nuit T921/rie du0/ cu .ea2 ter2+iz+/ant T TA& A =2D? D8>I I8FG DE8D@ CC8GF TABE&U& I D RR ABRR D =2 PBL? =LBP? @8CH E8ECG @8FC @8EE @8E@H >E8@A@ FE8G>G II8FDI

Rezi4tena ter2ic 2edie: VA CC8GF RR2 M ;;;;;;;;;;; M ;;;;;;;;;;;;; M @8E@H =2DPBL? V5 ABRR 6 II8FDI Se deter2in n+ua va/+are V =5A T W6BRR2?: V=5A T W6BRR2? M CCI8DE> ; 5GF8I@@ ; II8FDI6 M C>G8@AA =LBP? Se deter2in din ane7a >8 n+ua va/+are 48 1rin inter1+/are :ntre n M @8I 5c/a4a de 1er2ea0i/itate 2edie6 #i n M >8> 5c/a4a de 1er2ea0i/itate ridicat68 a4t,e/: n M @8I =3;>? n M >8> =3;>? A M DE8D@ =2D? A M G8IF =2D? G8IF n M @8I X 5>8> ; @8I6 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; M @8ADG =3;>? G8IF X DE8D@
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Se reca/cu/eaz va/+area (: C>G8@AA ( M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; X @8CF T @8ADG M @8IAH X @8DFG FIG8DGD ( M @8HDA LB52CP6 Rezu/t : ( < (N 'n c+nc/uzie8 :n c+ndiii/e rea/izrii e,ective a va/+ri/+r RR2 RR2in /a 1ereii e7teri+ri8 /a 1/an#eu/ de 4u0 1+d 1recu2 #i /a 1/aca de 1e 4+/8 4e +0ine un c+e,icient ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic8 2ai 2ic dec9t c+e,icientu/ c+re41unzt+r n+r2atd6 Veri,icarea 1re/i2inar a e/e2ente/+r de c+n4trucie d>6 *erei e7teri+ri

>6\idrie din 0/+curi BCA;(BNE@ cu r+4turi +0i#nuite ]M GDE N.B2C------------------------- M @8CF LB52P6D6M+rtar de ci2ent ]M>G@@ N.B2C------------------------ M @8HC LB52P6> > @8FE @8@E R M ;;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; M >8EFF =2DPBL? G DF @8CF @8HC Reducere 2a7i2 1+4i0i/ : R ; RR2in >8EFF ; >8D@@ ;;;;;;;;;;;;>@@ M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; >@@ M DD8C [ R >8EFF E4te nece4ar + tratare ,+arte atent a 1uni/+r ter2ice a4t,e/ :nc9t reducerea rezi4tenei ter2ice unidireci+na/e 4 nu de1#ea4c DD [dD6 */an#eu 4u0 1+d >6Bet+n ar2at ]c M DE@@ N.B2C------------------------ M >8AF LB52P6 D6 */ci ri.ide din ,i0re de 0aza/t ti1 *B >I@ ] M >I@ N.B2C-------------------------- M @8@E LB52P6 C6 M+rtar de ci2ent ] M >G@@ N.B2C------------------------- M @8HC LB52P6

> > @8>E @8>D @8@F R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;; M D8ACG 2DPBL G >D >8AF @8@E @8HC Reducere 2a7i2 1+4i0i/ : R ; RR2in D8ACG ; D8@@@ ;;;;;;;;;;;;>@@ M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; >@@ M DA8@ [
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R dC6 */aca 1e 4+/

D8ACG >6M+rtar de ci2ent ] M >G@@ N.B2C------------------------- M @8HC LB52P6 D6 *+/i4tiren ce/u/ar ] M D@ N.B2C ----------------------------- M @8@FF LB52P6 C6 Bet+n ar2at ] M DE@@ N.B2C -------------------------- M >8AF LB52P6 F6 U21/utur 1ietri# ] M >G@@ N.B2C -------------------------- M @8A@ LB52P6 E6 U21/utur 129nt ----------------- M D8@@ LB52P6

(r+4i2ea de ca/cu/ a 4tratu/ui ter2+iz+/ant8 ine 4ea2a de a0aterea ne.ativ ad2i4: d M FG 22 ; C 22 M FE 22C+n,+r2 =D?8 rezi4tena ter2ic 41eci,ic c+rectat RR 4e ca/cu/eaz cu re/aia : > > 5Ti ; T16 T * ;;;; M ;;;;;; - ;;;;;;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;;;;; RR2 R 5Ti ; Te6 A> :n care: > d d1> d1D ;;;;;; X ;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; i 1> 1D Ti M X D@+C Te M ; >E+C 5z+na II c/i2atic6 T1 M X>@+C 5z+na II c/i2atic6 d1> M C8@@ 2 d1D M F8@@ 2 1> M D8@@ LB52P6 1D M C8H@ LB52P6 i M I LB52DP6 d #i M .r+4i2i/e #i c+nductiviti/e ter2ice a/e tutur+r 4traturi/+r :ntre c+ta @8@@ #i CTS* M IF8@@ 2 51ct- a6 A> M >GC8IF 2D 51ct- a6 R M

Rezu/t: > @8@EE @8@FE @8>E @8>@ @8DE C8@@ F8@@ R M ;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;;; M F8>DG 2DPBL I @8HC @8@FF >8AF @8A@ D8@@ D8@@ C8H@ > > > =D@ ; 5X>@6? IF8@@ ;;;; M ;;;;; M ;;;;;;;;;; T ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;;;;;T RR2 C8@@ F8>DG =D@ ; 5;>E6? >GC8IF @8CCCC M @8@IHD X @8CFGE Rezu/t va/+area 2a7i2 ad2i4 1entru c+e,icientu/ /iniar de tran4,er ter2ic:
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@8DIF> 2a7 M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; M @8AEG LB52P6 @8CFGE 'n c+n4ecin8 tre0uie rea/izat un deta/iu a/ 4+c/u/ui care 4 c+nduc /a acea4t va/+are 2a7i2'n ce/e de 2ai 4u4 4;a ne./iSat e,ectu/8 re/ativ redu48 a/ :ntreru1erii c+ntinuitii 4tratu/ui +riz+nta/ ter2+iz+/ant :n dre1tu/ 1erei/+r interi+ri8 4tructura/i #i ne4tructura/i*entru a ine 4ea2a #i de ace4t e,ect8 4e va ad+1ta un deta/iu de 4+c/u av9nd: @8IE ; @8A@ LB52P6-

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E@EMPLUL DE CALCUL NR$ 2 S 4e veri,ice c+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic 1entru + c/dire de /+cuit cu * X DE #i 4u04+/ te3nic .enera/8 a21/a4at :n centru/ +ra#u/ui *ite#tiC/direa are I a1arta2ente #i e4te a/ctuit c+n,+r2 ,i.- II-> #i II-DT921/ria e7teri+ar e4te du0/8 din /e2n8 iar u#a de intrare :n c/dire8 1recu2 #i cea de acce4 :n 4u04+/ ; 4i21/8 2eta/ic< t921/ria nu e4te 1revzut cu .arnituri de etan#areTe21eratura :n 4u04+/8 deter2inat 1e 0az de 0i/an ter2ic8 e4te Tu M X E +CVeri,icarea 4e ,ace /a ,aza ,ina/ de 1r+iectare8 care 4e e/a0+reaz :n cur4u/ anu/ui >HHAa6 Deter2inarea caracteri4tici/+r .e+2etrice a/e c/dirii: Se a1/ic 1revederi/e ca1- I din =>? #i a/e 1ct- C-C- #i C-F- din 1rezentu/ n+r2ativ: Aria 1erei/+r e7teri+ri 51artea +1ac X t921/ria6 * M 5D>8@E X >>8AE6 TD M IE8I@ 2 H M D8EE X D TD8G@ M G8>E 2 &a 1r+du4u/ *T H 4e adau. aria 1erei/+r e7teri+ri din z+na denive/at de /a intrare : A> X AD M IE8I@ TG8>E X >8@E5C8@E X D T@8I@6 A> X AD M ECH8>@ 2D Aria t921/riei du0/e8 din /e2n AD-> M F8@E TI X D8>I TH X D8HA TI X >8FF TG X @8CI T>D AD-> M AA8F@ 2D Aria t921/riei 4i21/e8 2eta/ice 5u#a de intrare :n c/dire6 AD-D M >8G@ TD8>@ M C8AG 2D Aria t+ta/ a t921/riei e7teri+are 5AD6 AD M AA8F@ X C8AG M G>8>G 2D Aria 1rii +1ace a 1erei/+r e7teri+ri 5A>6 A> M ECH8>@ ; G>8>G M FEA8HD 2D Aria 1/an#eu/ui tera4 5AC6 AC M H8CE TD>8@E X @8I@ TD T>@8GE X D TC8@E T@8I@ AC M D>C8E@ 2D Aria 1/an#eu/ui 1e4te 4u04+/ 5AF6 &a aria tera4ei 4e adau. di,erena rezu/tat ca ur2are a :nc/inrii ra21e/+r dintre c+te/e ; >8@E #i X >8CAE 5,i.- II- C6 AF M D>C8E@ X 5D8DF - >8D@ X >8F@ - >8GE6 - 5>B@8GE ; >6 AF M D>F8FC 2D Din acea4t arie t+ta/8 aria n+tat cu AF-D :n ,i.- II- C nu e4te 1revzut cu 4trat ter2+iz+/antAF-D M C8AE - C8@E X 5D>F8FC ; D>C8E@6 M >D8CA 2D AF-> M D>F8FC ; >D8CA M D@D8@I 2D Aria 1erei/+r interi+ri dintre v+/u2u/ :nc/zit #i 4u04+/ 5AE6 Acea4t arie 4e ca/cu/eaz :n cadru/ ,i.urii II- C AE M >D8CH 2D 'n ace4t arie 4e inc/ude #i u#a de acce4 :n 4u04+/ 5>8I@ 2D68 care 4e a4i2i/eaz cu + z+n de 1erete interi+r Aria t+ta/ a anve/+1ei A M A> X AD X AC X AF X AE A M FEA8HD X G>8>G X D>C8E@ X D>F8FC X >D8CH A M HAH8FD 2D V+/u2u/ interi+r8 :nc/zit8 a/ c/dirii 5V6 V M AC - H X Ac - C8@E 5vezi ,i.- II- C6 V M D>C8E@ - G8>E X D8A@ - C8@E V M >AFG8DI 2C

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06 Deter2inarea rezi4tene/+r ter2ice 41eci,ice unidireci+na/e 5R6Caracteri4tici/e ter2+te3nice a/e 2ateria/e/+r 4e iau din ane7a A din =>?>6 *erei e7teri+ri >6 \idrie din cr2izi cu .uri vertica/e8 ti1 (V* 51+ziia IF6 ]c M >CG@ N.B2C------------------------- M @8I@ LB52P6 D6 *+/i4tiren ce/u/ar 51+ziia AD6 ] M D@ N.B2C ---------------------------- cM @8@FF LB52P6 C6 M+rtar de ci2ent 51+ziia >E6 ] M >G@@ N.B2C ------------------------ M @8HC LB52P6

*entru 4tratu/ de 1+/i4tiren ce/u/ar 4e c+n4ider :n ca/cu/ .r+4i2ea 2ini2 1+4i0i/8 av9nd :n vedere a0aterea ad2i4 5E 226 ,a de .r+4i2ea n+2ina/ de GE 22d M GE ; E M G@ 22 > > @8CEE @8@G @8@E R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;; M D8IC@ 2DPBL G DF @8I@ @8@FF @8HC D6 T921/ria e7teri+ar T921/rie du0/8 din /e2n T921/rie 4i21/8 2eta/ic C6 */an#eu tera4 >6 Bet+n ar2at 51+ziia I6 ] M DE@@ N.B2C ------------------------ M >8AF LB52P6 D6 *+/i4tiren ce/u/ar 51+ziia AD6 ] M D@ N.B2C ---------------------------- M @8@FF LB52P6 C6M+rtar de ci2ent 51+ziia >E6 ] M >G@@ N.B2C-------------------------- M @8HC LB52P6 F6 Bet+n 4i21/u 51+ziia I6 ] M DF@@ N.B2C ------------------------- M >8ID LB52P6 E6 Hidr+iz+/aie 0itu2in+a4 51+ziii/e E #i AI6 ] M >>@@ N.B2C ------------------------- M @8>A LB52P6 I6 *ietri# 51+ziia CE6 ] M >G@@ N.B2C ------------------------- M @8A@ LB52P6 R M @8FC 2DPBL R M @8>A 2DPBL

*entru 4tratu/ de 1+/i4tiren ce/u/ar 4e c+n4ider :n ca/cu/ .r+4i2ea: d M >E ; @8E M >F8E c2 > > @8>E @8>D @-@CE @8>FE @-@@E @8@F R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;; G DF >8AF >8ID @8HC @8@FF @8>A @8A@ D R M C8AFI 2 PBL F6 */an#eu 1e4te 4u04+/ F-> */an#eu cu 4trat ter2+iz+/ant
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>6 Bet+n ar2at 51+ziia I6 ] M DE@@ N.B2C ------------------------ M >8AF LB52P6 D6 *+/i4tiren ce/u/ar 51+ziia AD6 ] M D@ N.B2C ------------------------ M @8@FF LB52P6 C6 M+rtar de ci2ent 51+ziia >E6 ] M >G@@ N.B2C ---------------------- M @8HC LB52P6

*entru 4tratu/ de 1+/i4tiren ce/u/ar8 :n ca/cu/8 4e c+n4ider .r+4i2ea : d M I ; @8E M E8E c2 Se ne./iSeaz c+v+ru/ din *VC> > @8>E @8@EE @8@FE R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;; I >D >8AF @8@FF @8HC R M >8ICF 2DPBL F-D */an#eu ,r 4trat ter2+iz+/ant > > @8>E @8@FE R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;;; M @8CGF 2DPBL I >D >8AF @8HC E- *erei interi+ri 5,i.- II- C6 Su1ra,aa Aa 5D8@F 2D6 \idrie de cr2izi (V* 5DFc26 X 2+rtar 5D7D c26 > > @8DF @8@F R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;; M @8IE> 2DPBL G >D @8I@ @8HC Su1ra,ae/e A0 #i Ac 5C8DG 2D6 Bet+n ar2at 5C@ c26 X 2+rtar 5D c26 > > @8C@ @8@D R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;; M @8F@D 2DPBL G >D >8AF @8HC Su1ra,ee/e Ad #i Ae 5E8FA 2D6 \idrie din cr2izi (V* 5>>8E c26 X 2+rtar 5D7D c26 > > @8>>E @8@F R M ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;; M @8FFC 2DPBL G >D @8I@ @8HC T921/rie u# 5>8I@ 2D6 R M @8>A 2DPBL

c6 Deter2inarea rezi4tene/+r ter2ice 41eci,ice c+rectate 5 RR 6 Se uti/izeaz 2et+da c+e,icieni/+r 41eci,ici /iniari #i 1unctua/i de tran4,er ter2ic< ca/cu/u/ 4e ,ace 1entru e/e2ente/e de c+n4trucie cu 1uni ter2ice : 1erei e7teri+ri8 1/an#eu tera4 #i 1/an#eu 1e4te 4u04+/-

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Deta/ii/e c+n4tructive caracteri4tice c/dirii ana/izate 4unt 1rezentate :n ,i.uri/e II- > #i II- D #i 4unt n+tate a4t,e/ : > --- I ; 4eciuni +riz+nta/e 5 ,i. II- >6 A --- DG ; 4eciuni vertica/e 5 ,i.- II- D6 C+e,icienii 4e e7tra. din ta0e/e/e c+ninute :n =>?8 direct 4au 1rin inter1+/are*entru c+e,icienii I8 A #i DI --- DG8 care au + 1+ndere redu48 va/+ri/e 4e 4ta0i/e4c 1rin c+21araie cu a/i c+e,icieni 4i2i/ari8 dar /a un nive/ ac+1erit+r&un.i2i/e < a,erente c+e,icieni/+r 4;au deter2inat a4t,e/ : c+e,icienii nr- > --- F ; c+n4ider9nd :n/i2ea H M G8>E 2< c+e,icienii nr- E8 I8 >D --- >I #i D> --- DG8 a,erente t921/riei e7teri+are ; c+n4ider9nd di2en4iuni/e n+2ina/e a/e ,ere4tre/+r #i u#i/+r< c+e,icienii nr- >@ #i >> ; c+n4ider9nd /un.i2ea e,ectiv a 1erei/+r interi+ri re41ectivi8 e7c/u4iv .+/uri/e de u#i< re4tu/ c+e,icieni/+r ; c+n4ider9nd /un.i2i/e de4,#urate din cadru/ ariei A>Va/+ri/e #i /un.i2i/e / a,erente 4e dau :n ta0e/u/ II- >8 ta0e/ :n cadru/ cruia 4e ca/cu/eaz #i va/+ri/e T / #i V5 T /6C+e,icientu/ 1unctua/ de tran4,er ter2ic8 a,erent a.ra,e/+r dI 4;a 1re/uat din ta0e/u/ A> #i are va/+area: e M @8@@CH LBP Nu2ru/ de a.ra,e 4;a deter2inat c+n4ider9nd F 0ucB2D : F T A> M F T FEA8HD M >GCD 0uc Ve M @8@@CH T >GCD M A8>FE LBP Se a1/ic re/aia 5A6 din =>? : > > V5 T /6 Ve ;;;;;; M ;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;;;;; X ;;;;;;;;; RR R A A

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*e 0aza va/+ri/+r A8 R8 V5 T /6 #i Ve deter2inate 2ai 4u48 :n ta0e/u/ II- D 4e deter2in rezi4tene/e ter2ice c+rectate RR-

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DETERMINAREA VA& RI& R V5 T /6 *E ANSAMB&U& C&$DIRII TABE&U& II- >

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*ERE%I EgTERI RI

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DETERMINAREA RE\ISTEN%E& R TERMICE C RECTATE RR TABE&U& II- D E&EMENTU& A R V5 T /6 Ve RR

2D FEA8HD D>C8E@ D@D8@I 2DPBL D8IC@ C8AFI >8ICF LBP >DD8EEC D>8CFF CA8@HG LBP A8>FE ; ;

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d6 Deter2inarea rezi4tene/+r ter2ice 2edii 5 RR2 6 : Rezi4tene/e ter2ice c+rectate +0inute 1entru 1erei e7teri+ri #i 1entru 1/an#eu/ tera4 re1rezint rezi4tene/e 2edii 1e c/dire 5 RR M RR2 650

&a 1/an#eu/ de 1e4te 4u04+/8 va/+area RR M >8DEA 2DPBL 4e ,+/+4e#te :n c+ntinuare :n ta0e/u/ II C8 :n care 4e ca/cu/eaz rezi4tena ter2ic c+rectat 2edie 5 RR2 68 a :ntre.u/ui 1/an#eu 5z+na cu 4trat ter2+iz+/ant X z+na ,r 4trat ter2+iz+/ant68 ,+/+4ind re/aia 5>@6 din =>?: VA RR2 M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; = 2DPBL? V 5 A B RR 6 DETERMINAREA RE\ISTEN%EI TERMICE RR2 &A *&ANEU& *ESTE SUBS & TABE&U& II- C
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Rezi4tene/e ter2ice 2edii /a t921/ria e7teri+ar #i /a 1ereii interi+ri adiaceni 4u04+/u/ui 4e ca/cu/eaz :n cadru/ ta0e/e/+r II- F #i II- EDETERMINAREA RE\ISTEN%EI TERMICE RR2 &A T)M*&$RIA EgTERI AR$ TABE&U& II- F
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DETERMINAREA RE\ISTEN%EI TERMICE RR2 &A *ERE%II INTERI RI ADIACEN%I SUBS &U&UI TABE&U& II- E
SU*RAQA%A Aa A0 X Ac Ac X Ae U#a T TA& A 2D D8@F C8DG E8FA >8I@ >D8CH R 2DPBL @8IE> @8F@D @8FFC @8>A@ @8CA ABR LBP C8>CF G8>EH >D8CFG H8F>> CC8@ED

e6 Deter2inarea c+e,icientu/ui ./+0a/ de iz+/are ter2ic 5 ( 6 Se uti/izeaz re/aia 5>6 din 1rezentu/ n+r2ativ : > AT W ( M ;;;;;; V 5 ;;;;;; 6 X @8CF T n V RR2

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nrcrt> D C F E

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Viteza de venti/are 4 4e deter2in 1e 0aza ane7ei > din 1rezentu/ n+r2ativ av9nd :n vedere ur2t+are/e caracteri4tici : c/dire ad1+4tit 5:n centru/ +ra#u/ui6< c/dire cu 2ai 2u/te a1arta2ente8 cu du0/ +rientare< c/a4a de 1er2ea0i/itate ; ridicat 5 t921/rie ,r 24uri de etan#are6Rezu/t : n M @8I 3;> IGD8>A ( M ;;;;;;;;;;;;; X @8CF - @8I M @8CH X @8D@ >AFG8DI ( M @8EH LB2CP ,6 C+21araie cu va/+ri/e n+r2ate (N #i RR2in C+e,icientu/ ./+0a/ n+r2at de iz+/are ter2ic 5(N6 4e e7tra.e din ane7a D a 1rezentu/ui n+r2ativ8 :n ,uncie de : nu2ru/ de nive/uri : N M C< ra1+rtu/ : A HAH8FD ;;;; M ;;;;;;;;;; M @8EI V >AFG8DI anu/ e/a0+rrii 1r+iectu/ui: >HHARezu/t : (N M @8IA LB2CP Se re41ect c+ndiia 5I6 din 1rezentu/ n+r2ativ8 de+arece : ( < (N 'n ta0e/u/ II- A 4e 1rezint c+21arativ va/+ri/e RR2 rea/izate #i va/+ri/e RR2in 1revzute :n ane7a C a 1rezentu/ui n+r2ativ8 1entru c/diri de /+cuit 1r+iectate 19n /a >- @>- >HHGRE"ISTENELE TERMICE R01 J- R01-4 TABE&U& II- A
Nrcrt > D C F E E&EMENTU& DE C NSTRUC%IE *erei e7teri+ri T921/rie e7teri+ar */an#eu tera4 */an#eu 1e4te 4u04+/ *erei interi+ri adiaceni 4u04+/u/ui RR2 2DPBL >8E> @8F@ D8AD >8>> @8CA >8D@ @8F@ D8@@ >8>@ ^6 RR2in

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RR2 RR2in .6 Rezi4tena ter2ic 2edie a anve/+1ei RR2 Rezi4tena ter2ic 2edie a anve/+1ei 4e deter2incu re/aia 5A6 V AS RR2 M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; =2DPBL? V 5& T WS6 HAH8FD RR2 M ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; M >8FC 2DPBL IGD8>A

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