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1. Trecutul simplu
Trecutul simplu (Past Simple sau Past Tense) exprimă o actiune săvârsită
si încheiată în trecut.
Verbele regulate formeaza trecutul simplu prin adaugarea terminatiei "-ed" la
forma de baza a verbului.
Exemplu:
scream (a tipa) -> screamed (tipat); work -> worked
I visited him yesterday. - L-am vizitat ieri.
sleep (a dormi) -> slept (dormit); write (a scrie) -> wrote (scris) ; go -> went
I went to the opera last night. - Am fost la opera aseara.
Conjugare
I walked - Eu m-am plimbat
you walked - Tu te-ai plimbat
He walked - El s-a plimbat
she walked - Ea s-a plimbat
it walked - S-a plimbat
we walked - Noi ne-am plimbat
you walked - Voi v-ati plimbat
they walked - Ei s-au plimbat
Exemple:
Last year, I walked four miles to school every day. - Anul trecut, am mers patru mile pe
jos la scoala, in fiecare zi.
All of as worked really hard to make this society - Noi toti am muncit din greu pentru a
face această societate.
- Verbele neregulate au propria forma de Past Tense, o lista cu aceste verbe
gasiti la pagina: Verbe neregulate.
Exemple:
Functii
- Trecutul simplu se foloseste pentru a exprima fapte si realitati din trecut.
In the past people believed that the earth was flat. - În trecut, oamenii au crezut că
pământul era plat.
John Loud invented the ballpoint pen in 1888. - John Loud a inventat pixul în 1888.
I went to school by bus when I was a child. - M-am dus la şcoală cu autobuzul, când am
fost copil.
FORM
Examples:
Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific
time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but
they do have one specific time in mind.
Examples:
We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions
happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.
Examples:
• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00,
and met the others at 10:00.
• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?
The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A
duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five
minutes, all day, all year, etc.
Examples:
The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can
have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit,
we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child,
when I was younger, etc.
Examples:
The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are
no longer true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the
expression "used to."
Examples:
Clauses are groups of words which have meaning but are often not complete
sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when I dropped my
pen..." or "when class began..." These clauses are called when-clauses, and they are
very important. The examples below contain when-clauses.
Examples:
When-clauses are important because they always happen first when both clauses are in
the Simple Past. Both of the examples above mean the same thing: first, I paid her one
dollar, and then, she answered my question. It is not important whether "when I paid her
one dollar" is at the beginning of the sentence or at the end of the sentence. However,
the example below has a different meaning. First, she answered my question, and then,
I paid her one dollar.
Example:
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Past Continuous
Trecutul continuu (Past Continuous) exprimă in general actiuni în
desfăsurare la un moment din trecut.
Trecutul continuu se formeaza cu ajutorul formei de trecut simplu a
auxiliarului to be, adica was/were + forma participiului prezent (-ing) a
verbului principal.
I was reading a book. - Citeam o carte.
You were talking. - Tu vorbeai. (Dv. vorbeati.)
Carlos lost his watch while he was running. - Carlos si-a pierdut ceasul in timp ce
alerga.
I was eating an apple when John came in smiling. - Mancam un mar cand Ion a intrat
zambind.
- Pentru a vorbi despre obiceiuri din trecut. Trecutul continuu este adesea insotit
de "always".
Grace was always eating with the left hand. - Grace manca mereu cu mana stanga.
You were always playing with your brother. - Tu mereu te jucai cu fratele tau.
Conjugare
I was walking - Eu ma plimbam
you were walking - Tu te plimbai
He was walking - El se plimba
she was walking - Ea se plimba
it was walking - Se plimba
we were walking - Noi ne plimbam
you were walking - Voi va plimbati
they were walking - Ei se plimbau
Exemple:
Dad was working in his garden all morning. - Tata lucra in gradina lui toata dimineata.
Raoul were acting like his father. - Raoul se purta ca si tatal lui.
They were not being a good model. - Ei nu erau un bun model.
Was he being good to you? - Era el bun cu tine?
FORM
Examples:
Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The
interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real
interruption or just an interruption in time.
Examples:
In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the
Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.
Examples:
IMPORTANT
In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In
the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.
Examples:
When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses
the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
Examples:
USE 4 Atmosphere
Example:
• When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were
talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were
waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands.
Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.
The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea
that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very
similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the
words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
Examples:
Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete
sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she called" or
"when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as "while she was sleeping" and
"while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the past, "when" is most often
followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past
Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples
below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.
Examples:
• I was studying when she called.
• While I was studying, she called.
Examples:
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
• The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the
store. ACTIVE
• The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the
store. PASSIVE