Cghid Practic cl9 Sem II, Corectat

COLEGIUL DE MEDICINĂ ORHEI
GHIDUL LECŢIILOR PRACTICE
TEHNICI GENERALE DE ÎNGRIJIRI MEDICALE
al elevei (lui)_______________________________
grupa _____, anul_______,
calificarea Asistent medical
Profesor
Ghidul lecţiilor practice a fost elaborat de Zinaida Balaganschii,
profesoară de Bazele ştiinţei nursing, grad didactic superior, Lilia Zubcu,
profesoară de Bazele ştiinţei nursing, grad didactic superior, în baza
Curriculumului modular Tehnici generale de îngrijiri medicale, specialitatea
îngrijirea bolnavilor-91310, calificarea asistent medical, durata studiilor 5
ani.
Discutat:
La şedinţa Catedrei Discipline fundamentale din 26 decembrie 2019
Şef catedră __________________ Lilia Zubcu
Aprobat:
La şedinţa Consiliului metodic din ianuarie 2020

Proces verbal nr. ______
Metodist __________________ Lilia Cazacu

Competenţele profesionale specifice modulului
1. Utilizarea tehnicilor actuale de asistare a pacientului
 Pregătirea pacienților pentru investigații de laborator și instrumentale
 Efectuarea de sondaje ,clisme și lavaje
 Recoltarea produselor biologice și patologice
 Monitorizarea indicilor vitali
 Administrarea oxigenului umezit
2. Îngrijirea individualizată a pacientului
 Îngrijirea pacienților cu afecțiuni ale sistemului respirator
 Îngrijirea pacienților cu afecțiuni ale sistemului cardiovascular
 Îngrijirea pacienților cu afecțiuni ale sistemului digestiv
 Îngrijirea pacienților cu afecțiuni ale sistemului urinar
 Acordarea primului ajutor pacienților în stări de urgență
3. Promovarea modului sănătos de viață
 Informarea populației despre importanța alimentației raționale
Repartizarea orelor pe unități de învățare:
Nr. Numărul de ore

d/o Unități de învățare Contact direct Studiu
individual
Teorii Practica
1. Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavului cu 2 4
afecțiuni ale sistemului respirator.
2. Determinarea frecvenței 2 4
respirației.Colectarea sputei.
3. Oxigenoterapia. 2 4
4. Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinările 2 4
radiologice, endoscopice ale sistemului 8
respirator.
5. Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavilor cu 2 4
afecțiuni cardiovasculare.
6. Aprecierea pulsului și măsurarea tensiunii 2 4
arteriale.
7. Asistența medical în insuficiență vasculară 2 4
acută.
8. Resuscitarea cardiorespiratorie 2 4
9. Tehnici de îngrijire specifice și investigații 2 8
în afecțiunile sistemului respirator și
cardiovascular.Lecție de evaluare.
afecțiuni digestive.
11. Lavajul gastric .Recoltarea sucului 2 4
duodenal și a bilei.
12. Îngrijirea bolnavului cu disfuncții 2 4
intestinale. 4
13. Clisme.Colectarea materiilor fecale. 2 4
radiologice ale sistemului digestiv.
endoscopice și ultrasonore ale sistemului
digestiv.
16. Tehnici de îngrijiri specifice și investigații 2 4
în afecțiunile sistemului digestiv.Lecție de
evaluare.
afecțiuni ale sistemului urinar.
18. Colectarea urinei pentru examinări de 2 4
laborator.Schimbările cantitative și
calitative în urină.
19. Îngrijirea bolnavului cu incontenență 2 4 3
urinară.
20. Retenția urinară.Sondajul vezical. 2 4
radiologice, endoscopice și ultrasonore ale
sistemului urinar.
22. Tehnici de îngrijiri specifice și investigații 2 2
în afecțiunile sistemului urinar.Lecție de
evaluare.
23. Dietele terapeutice și importanța lor . 1 -
Total 150 45 90 15
DEPRINDERI PRACTICE OBLIGATORII
1. Alimentarea bolnavului prin sondă

2. Observarea și determinarea respirației
3. Aprecierea pulsului
4. Măsurarea tensiunii arteriale
5. Spălătura gastrică
6. Clisma evacuatoare
7. Colectarea urinii pentru analiza generală
8. Colectarea urinei pentru examenul bacteriologic
9. Cateterizarea vezicii urinare
REGULI CU PRIVIRE LA SECURITATEA MUNCII
Instruirea pentru tehnica securităţii

în cabinetul de Nursing:
1. Studenţii se ocupă în cabinet în formă profesională (halat, bonetă, ciupici).

2. Înainte de a începe lecţia şi în timpul repaosului auditoriul se aeriseşte.
3. Studenţii vin la lecţie numai după instructajul tehnicii securităţii.
4. Cabinetul se oformează în aşa fel, încât în caz de incendiu sau altă
calamitate să se poată evacua uşor.
Se interzice:
- De a include în reţeaua electrică microcalculatoarele ( în caz de necesitate)

fără învoirea profesorului.
- De a demonta, repara şi instala prize electrice.
- De a repara reţeaua electrică.
- De a include şi a intrerupe inventarul electric.
- De a fixa firul electric în ţinte, cuie, pe obiecte de lemn sau metal.
- De a pune firul electric pe calorifer sau pe butelia de gaz lichifiat.
- De a scoate din priză utilajul electric, trăgând de fir electric.
În caz când firul electric este montat direct în perete se interzice de a bate cuie
metalice pentru atârnarea diferitor obiecte.
Aparatele electrice se şterg de praf sau se curăţă numai deconectate din reţeaua
electrică.
Toate manipulaţiile se efectuează obligatoriu în mănuşi de cauciuc.
Fiecare elev/student va respecta strict igiena personală, metodica dezinfecţiei
mâinilor.
Data _____________ Semnătura elevului _____________

Subiectul Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavului cu afecţiuni ale sistemului
respirator:
Data:_____
Competenţă specifică: Îngrijirea individualizată a pacientului.
Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni a sistemului respirator
Abilităţi:
- Relatarea noţiunilor de anatomie si fiziologie a organelor sistemului respirator;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în dureri toracice;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în dispnee;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în tuse;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în hemoragie pulmonară.
Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:
Numiți căile respiratorii :
superioare: inferioare:
________________________ _________________________
________________________ _________________________
________________________ _________________________
Enumerați etapele respiratorii:

 _____________________
 _____________________
 _____________________
 _____________________
Uniți, prin săgeți, termenul cheie din prima coloană cu enunțul
corespunzător din a doua:
a) apariția sângelui în spută
Dureri în cutia toracică b) antrenarea pleurei în procesul inflamator
Tusea (simptom al pneumoniilor , la pleurite)
Dispneea c) expirație bruscă, în urma căreia bronhiile
Hemoptizie se curăță de spută și de corpuri străine
acumulate
d) tulburarea ritmului și puterii mișcărilor
respiratorii (insuficiență de aer)
Descrieţi intervenţiile asistentului medical în dureri toracice:

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Completați schemele de mai jos:

Dispnee
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________
Clasificaţi tusea după durată:

Tusea
argumentaţi îngrijirea pacienţilor:

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Comentaţi îngrijirea pacienţilor cu hemoragie pulmonară:

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Dispnee
Concluzii:
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Semnătura profesorului:________________
Subiectul: Determinarea frecvenţei respiraţiei. Colectarea sputei.
Data:_____
Competenţă specifică: Utilizarea tehnicilor actuale de asistare a pacientului.
Subcompetenţe: Monitorizarea indicilor vitali

Recoltarea produselor biologice şi patologice
Abilităţi:
- Determinarea şi înregistrarea frecvenţei respiraţiei;
- Interpretarea frecvenţei respiraţiei în dependenţă de vârstă, sex, poziţie şi
activitate fizică;
- Definirea noţiunii de spută;
-Caracterizarea particularităţilor de colectare a sputei pentru examenul de laborator;
- Dezinfectarea sputei şi a scuipătoarelor
- Completarea bonului de analiză.
Comentaţi manopera practică:

Determinarea şi înregistrarea frecvenţei respiraţiei:
indicații ____________________________________________________________
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materiale necesare_____________________________________________________
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tehnica efectuării ______________________________________________________
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Completați spațiile libere:

Frecvenţa respiraţiei - reprezintă _____________________________________
Aceasta este influențată de _____________ și de _______________ .
Interpretaţi frecvenţa respiraţiei în dependenţă de vârstă:

la nou-născuţi ______ respiraţii/minut
la 2 ani ______ respiraţii/minut
la 12 ani ______ respiraţii/minut
adult ______ respiraţii/minut
vârstnic ______respiraţii/minut
Completați tabelul de mai jos:

Recoltarea sputei
Scopul
Utilaj necesar
Pregătirea pacientului
Tehnica recoltării pentru analiza

generală:
Tehnica recoltării sputei pentru

determinarea bacilului Koch:
Completați bonul de analiză:
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Concluzii:
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Evaluarea deprinderilor practice:

Nr. d/o Denumirea deprinderii practice Nota Semnătura
1. Determinarea şi înregistrarea frecvenţei
respiraţiei
Subiectul: Oxigenoterapia.
Data:_______
Subcompetenţa: Administrarea oxigenului umezit
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de oxigenoterapie;
- Deciderea precauţiilor în utilizarea surselor de oxigen;
- Selectarea echipamentului necesar pentru administrarea oxigenului;
- Demonstrarea metodelor de administrare a oxigenului;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în incidente şi accidente.
Numiţi indicaţiile pentru oxigenoterapie:

1.__________________________________________________________________
2.__________________________________________________________________
3.__________________________________________________________________
4.__________________________________________________________________
5.__________________________________________________________________
Selectaţi echipamentul necesar pentru administrarea oxigenului:

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Descrieţi manoperele practice:

1. Administrarea oxigenului prin mască:
indicaţii _____________________________________________________________
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tehnica efectuării______________________________________________________
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2. Administrarea oxigenului prin sonda nazală:

indicaţii _____________________________________________________________
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3. Oxigenarea hiperbarică:
indicaţii _____________________________________________________________
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Concluzii:
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1. Administrarea oxigenului prin mască
2. Administrarea oxigenului prin sonda nazală
3. Oxigenarea hiperbarică
Subiectul: Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinările radiologice, endoscopice
ale sistemului respirator.
Data:_______
Subcompetenţa: Pregătirea pacienţilor pentru investigaţii de laborator şi
instrumentale.
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de examen radiologic şi endoscopic;
- Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examenul radiologic al organelor toracice -
microradiografia;
- Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavului pentru examenul endoscopic al arborelui bronşic -
bronhoscopia;
- Supravegherea bolnavului după intervenţie.

Definiți noțiunile:
Radioscopie__________________________________________________________
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Endoscopie__________________________________________________________
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Bronhoscopie________________________________________________________
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Comentaţi:
1. Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavului pentru examenul endoscopic al arborelui
bronşic- bronhoscopia:
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2. Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examenul radiologic al organelor toracice –

microradiografia:
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Concluzii:
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Semnătura profesorului:_______________
Subiectul: Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavilor cu afecţiuni cardiovasculare.
Data:__________
Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului cardiovascular.
Abilităţi:
- Relatarea noţiunilor de anatomie si fiziologie a organelor sistemului
cardiovascular;
- Enumerarea simptomelor în afecţiunile cardiovasculare;
- Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu dureri cardiace, dispnee, palpitaţii, edeme cardiace;
- Definirea noţiunilor de bilanţ hidric şi diureză;
- Determinarea diurezei şi edemelor;
Calcularea bilanţului hidric.
Numiți organele aparatului cardiovascular:

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Enumerați simptomele în afecţiunile

sistemului cardiovascular:
1.________________________
2.________________________
3.________________________
4.________________________
Descrieţi intervenţiile asistentului medical în:
1.dureri cardiace
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2. dispnee
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3. edeme cardiace
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diureză____________________________________________________________
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bilanț hidric ________________________________________________________
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Examinați datele din tabel și interpretați rezultatele:
Bilanţul hidric în ultimele 24 de ore

Administrat Cantitatea Eliminat Cantitatea
Băuturi + alimente 1100 ml Urină 750 ml
Perfuzii 600 ml Scaun 100 ml
Metabolism celular 400 ml Vomă 100 ml
Transpiraţie 100 ml
Aer expirat 200 ml
T0 - 380C 400 ml
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Concluzii:
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Subiectul: Aprecierea pulsului şi măsurarea tensiunii arteriale.

Data:__________

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului cardiovascular.
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunilor de puls şi tensiune arterială;
- Caracterizarea pulsului după proprietăţi;
- Determinarea pulsului şi tensiunii arteriale;
- Notarea pulsului şi tensiunii arteriale în foaia de temperatură;
- Interpretarea parametrilor pulsului şi tensiunii arteriale în dependenţă de vârstă,
sex, poziţie şi activitate fizică;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în hipertensiune şi hipotensiune.

Puls___________________________________________________________________
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Tensiune arterială________________________________________________________
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Numiți parametrii pulsului:

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Completați tabelul:
Valorile normale în funcţie de vârstă ale pulsului şi TA:
Nr. Pulsu
Vârsta TA max. TA min.
d/o l
1. 1 – 3 ani
2. 4 – 11 ani
3. 12 -15 ani
4. 20 – 50 ani
5. Peste 50 ani
Descrieți manoperele practice:
1. Determinarea pulsului:
indicaţii:_______________________________________________________________
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materiale necesare: ______________________________________________________
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tehnica efectuării: _______________________________________________________
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2.Determinarea tensiunii arteriale:

indicaţii:_______________________________________________________________
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materiale necesare: ______________________________________________________
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tehnica efectuării: _______________________________________________________
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Concluzii:
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1. Determinarea pulsului
2. Determinarea tensiunii arteriale
Subiectul: Asistenţa medicală în insuficienţa vasculară acută.
Data:___________

Subcompetenţa: Acordarea primului ajutor pacienţilor în stări de urgenţă
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunilor de lipotemie, colaps şi şoc anafilactic;
- Identificarea cauzelor insuficienţei vasculare acute;
- Descrierea manifestărilor clinice în lipotemie, colaps şi şoc anafilactic;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în lipotemie, colaps;
- Aplicarea măsurilor de urgenţă în şoc anafilactic.

Lipotemie_______________________________________________________________
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Colaps__________________________________________________________________
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Șoc anafilactic___________________________________________________________
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Descrieți intervenţiile asistentului medical în:
lipotemie________________________________________________________________
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colaps_________________________________________________________________
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şoc anafilactic___________________________________________________________
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Concluzii:
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Subiectul: Resuscitarea cardiorespiratorie.
Data:___________

Subcompetenţa: Acordarea primului ajutor pacienţilor în stări de urgenţă .
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de reanimare;
- Demonstrarea metodelor de resuscitare respiratorie;
- Demonstrarea metodelor de resuscitare cardiacă.

Definiți noțiunea de reanimare:
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Numiți metodele de restabilire a respirației:
1_________________________________________________________________
2_________________________________________________________________
Descrieți metodele de resuscitare respiratorie:

gură la gură________________________________________________________
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gură la nas_________________________________________________________
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Comentaţi tehnica efectuării masajului cardiac extern:

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Concluzii:
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1. Resuscitarea respiratorie gură la gură
2. Resuscitarea respiratorie gură la nas
3. Masajul cardiac extern
Subiectul: Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavilor cu afecţiuni digestive.

Data:____________

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului digestiv
Abilităţi:
- Relatarea noţiunilor de anatomie si fiziologie a organelor sistemului digestiv;
- Enumerarea simptomelor în afecţiuni digestive;
- Îngrijirea bolnavului cu dureri gastrice, eructaţie, pirozis, vomă, hemoragie
gastrică.
Numiți organele sistemului digestiv:

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Enumerați pricipalele simptome caracteristice

pentru afecţiunile tractului digestiv:
1._____________________________
2._____________________________
3._____________________________
4._____________________________
5._____________________________
Identificați afecțiunea digestivă în dependență de localizarea durerilor:

 Epigastrică postprandială sau nocturnă întâlnită în -
 Hipocondriul drept în –
 Abdominală difuză în –
 Fosa iliacă dreaptă în –
 Supraombilical, hipocondriul stâng în –
Iradiere:
 În spate în -
 În umărul drept în –
Argumentați îngrijirea bolnavului cu:

dureri gastrice______________________________________________________
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eructație__________________________________________________________
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pirozis_____________________________________________________________
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vomă_____________________________________________________________
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hemoragii gastrice_____________________________
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Concluzii:
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Subiectul: Lavajul gastric. Recoltarea sucului duodenal şi a bilei.

Data:____________
Competenţă specifică: Utilizarea tehnicilor actuale de asistare a pacientului

Subcompetenţe: Efectuarea de sondaje, clisme şi lavaje
Recoltarea produselor biologice şi patologice
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de lavaj gastric;
- Enumerarea indicaţiilor şi contraindicaţiilor lavajului gastric;
- Pregătirea materialelor necesare şi a bolnavului pentru lavaj;
- Efectuarea lavajului gastric;
- Supravegherea bolnavului după efectuarea lavajului
- Definirea noţiunilor de sondaj duodenal;
- Enumerarea indicaţiilor şi contraindicaţiilor pentru efectuarea sondajului duodenal;
- Pregătirea materialelor necesare şi a bolnavului pentru efectuarea sondajului
duodenal;
- Efectuarea sondajului duodenal;
- Îngrijirea bolnavului după efectuarea sondajului duodenal;
- Reorganizarea locului de muncă.

Definiți noțiunile de :
lavaj gastric________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
sondaj duodenal_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Comentați manoperele practice:

1.Lavajul gastric:
indicații __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
materiale necesare___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
tehnica efectuării____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Sondajul duodenal:
indicații __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

1. Lavajul gastric
2. Sondajul duodenal
Subiectul: Îngrijirea bolnavului cu disfuncţii intestinale.

Data: ____________

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului digestiv
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunilor de meteorism, constipaţie şi diaree;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în meteorism;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în constipaţie
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical în diaree;
- Aplicarea tubului de evacuare a gazelor.

Definiți noţiunile:
Meteorism________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Diaree___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Constipație_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Comentați intervențiile asistentului medical în:
diaree___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
constipații:______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Descrieţi manopera practică:
Aplicarea tubului de evacuare a gazelor:

scop:____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
indicații:_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
tehnica efectuării: _________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

1. Aplicarea tubului de evacuare a gazelor
Subiectul: Clisme. Colectarea materiilor fecale

Data: ____________

Subcompetenţa: Efectuarea de sondaje, clisme şi lavaje
Recoltarea produselor biologice şi patologice.
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de clismă;
- Identificarea clismelor după efectul urmărit (evacuatoare, terapeutică şi baritată);
- Enumerarea indicaţiilor şi contraindicaţiilor clismelor;
- Selectarea materialelor necesare pentru clisme;
- Demonstrarea tehnicii clismelor;
- Îngrijirea bolnavului după clismă;
- Reorganizarea locului de muncă;
- Explicarea particularităţilor de colectare a materiilor fecale pentru examenul
coprologic, bacteriologic, parazitologic, hemoragia ocultă.
- Completarea bonului de trimitere la laborator.

Definiți noțiunea de clismă:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Completați schema de mai jos indicând tipurile de clisme :
Clismă
Indicații: Indicații: Indicații:

__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
Contraindicații : Contraindicații: Contraindicații:
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
__________________ ___________________ ________________
1.Clisma evacuatoare:
indicații __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Clisma terapeutică:
indicații __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3Clisma uleioasă:
indicații __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Descrieți colectarea materiilor fecale pentru examenul:

1.Coprocultura:______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Coproparazitologic:_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3.Coprologic: _____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4.Hemoragie ocultă:__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Nr. Denumirea deprinderii practice Nota Semnătura

d/o
1. Clisma evacuatorie
2. Clisma terapeutică
3. Clisma uleioasă
4. Colectarea materiilor fecale pentru examenul coprocultura
5. Colectarea materiilor fecale pentru examenul coprologic
6. Colectarea materiilor fecale pentru examenul
coproparazitologic
7. Colectarea materiilor fecale pentru depistarea hemoragiei
oculte
Semnătura profesorului:______________
Subiectul: Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinările radiologice ale sistemului
digestiv.
Data:_____________

instrumentale.
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunilor tematice;
- Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinarea radiologică a organelor tubului digestiv
(stomacului - radiogastroscopia, vezicii biliare -colicistografia şi intestinelor -
irigoscopia);
- Îngrijirea bolnavului după intervenţie.

Radiogastroscopie_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Colicistografia____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Irigoscopia_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Descrieți pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinarea radiologică a organelor tubului

digestiv:
1.Radiogastroscopia:_______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.Colicistografia:__________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.Irigoscopia:_____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Subiectul: Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinările endoscopice şi ultasonore

ale sistemului digestiv.
Data:_____________

instrumentale.
Abilităţi:
- Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavului în timpul examenului endoscopic al tractului
digestiv superior (esofagogastroduodenoscopia);
- Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavului în timpul examenului endoscopic al tractului
digestiv inferior (rectoscopia, rectosigmoidoscopia, colonoscopia);
- Îngrijirea bolnavului după intervenţie;
- Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavului în timpul examenului ultrasonor.

Fibroesofagogastroduodenoscopia_______________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Rectoromanoscopia__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Colonoscopia_______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Descrieţi pregătirea și asistarea bolnavului î n timpul examenului endoscopic
al tractului digestiv:
1.Superior:
fibroesofagogastroduodenoscopia:_______________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Inferior:
rectoromanoscopia:__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
colonoscopia:_______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Relataţi care este rolul asistentului medical în efectuarea exemenului

ultrasonor:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Subiectul: Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului

urinar.
Data:______________

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului urinar.
Abilităţi:
- - Relatarea noţiunilor de anatomie şi fiziologie a organelor sistemului urinar;
- - Enumerarea simptomelor în afecţiuni renale;
- Îngrijirea bolnavului în colica renală;
- - Îngrijirea bolnavului în edeme renale;
- Îngrijirea bolnavului în hipertensie renală.
Completați imaginea de mai jos :
Enumerați simptomele principale în afecțiunile renale:

1______________________________
2______________________________
3______________________________
4______________________________
Relatați despre îngrijirea bolnavului în:
1.Colica renală: _____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Edeme renale: _____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3.Hipertensiune renală:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Subiectul: Colectarea urinei pentru examinări de laborator. Schimbările
cantitative şi calitative în urină.
Data:______________

Subcompetenţa: Recoltarea produselor biologice şi patologice
Abilităţi:
- Relatarea despre tulburările cantitative şi calitative ale diurezei;
- Identificarea particularităţilor de colectare a urinei pentru examenul de laborator:
(urograma, urocultura, determinarea glucozei, proba Zimniţkii, proba
Neciporenco):
- Pregătirea pacientului şi necesarului.
- Completarea bonului de trimitere la laborator;
Descrieți particularitățile de colectare a urinei pentru examenul de laborator:
1.Urogramă:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
materiale necesare: __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
tehnica colectării: ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Urocultură:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3.Determinarea glucozei:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4.Proba Zimnițkii:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5.Proba Neciporenco:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
1. Urograma
2. Urocultura
3. Determinarea glucozei
4. Proba Zimniţkii
5. Proba Neciporenco
Subiectul: Îngrijirea bolnavului cu incontenenţă urinară.
Data:______________

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului urinar.
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de incontenenţă urinară;
- Enumerarea cauzelor incontenenţei urinare;
- Intervenţiile asistentului medical la bolnavul cu incontenenţă urinară;
- Argumentarea necesităţii managementului vezical (antrenamentul şi drenajul
vezical).
Definiți noțiunea de incotenență urinară:

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Enumerați cauzele incontenenţei urinare:

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Numiți aspectele psihologice în incotenență:

1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
5. ___________________________
Relatați despre asistenţa medicală a bolnavilor cu incontenenţă de urină:

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Argumentați necesitatea managmentului vezical (antrenamentul şi drenajul

vezical).
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Subiectul: Retenţia urinară. Sondajul vezical.

Data:______________

Subcompetenţa: Efectuarea de sondaje, clisme şi lavaje
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunii de retenţie urinară;
- Enumeraţi cauzele retenţiei urinare;
- Definirea noţiunii de sondaj vezical;
- Pregătirea bolnavului şi necesarului pentru sondaj vezical;
- Demonstrarea sondajului vezical;
- Efectuarea lavajului vezical;
- Instilarea medicamentelor în vezica urinară;
Definiți noțiunea de retenție urinară:

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Numiți simptomele retenției urinare:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
1.Sondaj vezical:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2.Lavaj vezical:
scopul:____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
indicații:___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
1. Sondajul vezical
Subiectul: Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examinările radiologice, endoscopice
şi ultrasonore ale sistemului urinar.
Data:_____________

instrumentale.
Abilităţi:
- Definirea noţiunilor de urografie, cistografie şi cistoscopie;
- Pregătirea bolnavilor pentru examenul radiologie ai rinichilor şi al căilor urinare
(urografia, cistografia);
- Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavilor în timpul examenului endoscopic (cistoscopia);
- Îngrijirea bolnavilor după intervenţie;
- Pregătirea şi asistarea bolnavilor în timpul examenului ultrasonografic.

Definiți noțiunile :
Urografie__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Cistografie_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Ultrasonografia _____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Relatați despre pregătirea bolnavilor pentru examenul radiologic al rinichilor

și al căilor urinare:
1.Urografia:_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Comentați rolul asistentului medical în efectuarea examenului endoscopic

(cistoscopia):
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Descrieţi pregătirea și asistarea bolnavului în timpul examenului
ultrasonografic:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Concluzii:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Bibliografie:
1. L. Titircă, Tehnici de evaluare şi îngrijiri acordate de asistenţii medicali,

Editura: Viaţa medicală românească, Bucureşti, 2005.
2. C. Mozes, Tehnica ingrijirii bolnavului, Editura Medicală, Bucureşti, 2007.
3.L.Titircă, Ghid de Nursing, Editura: Viaţa medicală românească, Bucureşti,
2006.
4.Protocol/algoritm al deprinderilor practice, Chişinau, 2017.
5.L. Titircă, Manual de îngrijiri speciale, Editura, Viaţa medicală românească,
Bucureşti, 2006.
6.R. Friptu; R. Emilian, Bazele îngrijirii omului sănătos și bolnav, Centru de
Excelență în Medicină și Farmacie ,,Raisa Pacalo” , Chișinău, 2017.
7. V.Moşanu, Bazele asistenţei medicale, CMO, 2006.
8.V.Muraşco, Îngrijirea bolnavilor, Chişinau, 1991.

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COLEGIUL DE MEDICINĂ ORHEI

GHIDUL LECŢIILOR PRACTICE

TEHNICI GENERALE DE ÎNGRIJIRI MEDICALE

La şedinţa Catedrei Discipline fundamentale din 26 decembrie 2019

Şef catedră __________________ Lilia Zubcu

La şedinţa Consiliului metodic din ianuarie 2020

Metodist __________________ Lilia Cazacu

Nr. Numărul de ore

1. Alimentarea bolnavului prin sondă

Instruirea pentru tehnica securităţii

1. Studenţii se ocupă în cabinet în formă profesională (halat, bonetă, ciupici).

- De a include în reţeaua electrică microcalculatoarele ( în caz de necesitate)

Data _____________ Semnătura elevului _____________

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni a sistemului respirator

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Numiți căile respiratorii :

Enumerați etapele respiratorii:

Descrieţi intervenţiile asistentului medical în dureri toracice:

Completați schemele de mai jos:

Clasificaţi tusea după durată:

argumentaţi îngrijirea pacienţilor:

Comentaţi îngrijirea pacienţilor cu hemoragie pulmonară:

Competenţă specifică: Utilizarea tehnicilor actuale de asistare a pacientului.

Subcompetenţe: Monitorizarea indicilor vitali

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Comentaţi manopera practică:

Completați spațiile libere:

Interpretaţi frecvenţa respiraţiei în dependenţă de vârstă:

Completați tabelul de mai jos:

Tehnica recoltării pentru analiza

Tehnica recoltării sputei pentru

Evaluarea deprinderilor practice:

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Numiţi indicaţiile pentru oxigenoterapie:

Selectaţi echipamentul necesar pentru administrarea oxigenului:

Descrieţi manoperele practice:

2. Administrarea oxigenului prin sonda nazală:

Evaluarea deprinderilor practice:

Nr. d/o Denumirea deprinderii practice Nota Semnătura

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

2. Pregătirea bolnavului pentru examenul radiologic al organelor toracice –

Subcompetenţa: Îngrijirea pacienţilor cu afecţiuni ale sistemului cardiovascular.

Numiți organele aparatului cardiovascular:

Enumerați simptomele în afecţiunile

Bilanţul hidric în ultimele 24 de ore

Subiectul: Aprecierea pulsului şi măsurarea tensiunii arteriale.

Competenţă specifică: Îngrijirea individualizată a pacientului.

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Numiți parametrii pulsului:

Descrieți manoperele practice:

2.Determinarea tensiunii arteriale:

Competenţă specifică: Îngrijirea individualizată a pacientului.

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Competenţă specifică: Îngrijirea individualizată a pacientului.

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Descrieți metodele de resuscitare respiratorie:

Comentaţi tehnica efectuării masajului cardiac extern:

Evaluarea deprinderilor practice:

Nr. d/o Denumirea deprinderii practice Nota Semnătura

Subiectul: Probleme de sănătate ale bolnavilor cu afecţiuni digestive.

Competenţă specifică: Îngrijirea individualizată a pacientului.

Desfăşurarea lecţiei practice:

Numiți organele sistemului digestiv:

Data _ Semnătura elevului _