1

TEME
PENTRU NIVELUL DEBUTANT
LIMBA ENGLEZĂ
 2

TEMA NR. 1
PRONUMELE PERSONALE. VERBUL “TO BE” - CONJUGARE LA
INDICATIV PREZENT. ARTICOLUL .

SCRIEREA, CITIREA ŞI TRADUCEREA

PRONUMELOR PERSONALE

Pronumele personale ale limbii engleze sunt:

SINGULAR
I [ ai] eu
You [ iu:] tu
He [hi:] el - pentru persoane
She [ ‫ﻛ‬I:] ea - pentru persoane
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It [ it ] el, ea - pentru obiecte, animale.

PLURAL

We noi
You voi
They ei/ele. Este utilizat atât pentru persoane, cât şi pentru
obiecte.

CONJUGAREA VERBULUI “TO BE” LA INDICATIV PREZENT.

Conjugarea verbului “To Be” (a fi) la afirmativ

SINGULAR
/ I am - eu sunt
You are - tu eşti
He is - el este
She is - ea este
It is - el/ea este

PLURAL
We are - noi suntem
You are - voi sunteţi
They are - ei sunt/ele sunt

FORMELE DE AFIRMATIV, INTEROGATIV ŞI NEGATIV

Forma de interogativ:
Se obţine fãcând inversiunea între subiect/pronume personal şi verbul “Be”, la
singular sau plural.
Exemple:
 4

You are - Are you?

He is - Is he?
Mary is - Is Mary/is she?
It is - Is it ?
They are - Are they?

Treceţi la interogativ
I am busy.
John is tired.
They are officers.
She is in the classroom.

Forma de negativ
Se obţine prin adãugarea negaţiei “not” dupã verbul “Be”, la singular sau
plural.
Conjugarea la forma de negativ.
I am not We are not
You are not You are not
He/She is not They are not.
It is not.

Notã: La negativ, mai ales în engleza vorbitã, se pot utiliza şi formele

contrare: is not-isn’t; are not-aren’t.
Treceţi urmãtoarele propoziţii la negativ.
I am busy.
Peter is a police officer.
They are at home.
We are in the bedroom.
It is interesting.
He is hungry/angry.
 5

ARTICOLUL HOTÃRÂT ŞI NEHOTÃRÂT

1. Articolul hotãrât
Este “the” şi se aşază, faţă de limba română în faţa substantivelor.
Exemple: the man, the officer, the flag, the desk, the University, the ewe, the
Ewings, the window, the year, the policeman, the policewoman.
Exemple: the officer, the elephant, the orange, the egg, the hour, the honour.
Articolul hotãrât trebuie utilizat în context cu:
- nume de familii la plural: The Browns, The Whites;
- denumiri ale organismelor hidrografice: The Olt River, The Danube, The
Black Sea, The Atlantic Ocean;
- denumiri ale lanţurilor muntoase: The Alps, The Carpathians, The
Himalayas etc.;
- nume de instituţii: The Police, The Lido Hotel, The Patria Cinema, The
Opera, The National History Museum, The British Museum;
- cu nume de ziare, dar nu şi de reviste, care au de obicei articolul zero;
exemple: The Times, The Guardian, The Truth etc. Reviste: Life, Time etc.

2. Articolul nehotãrât
Are douã forme: “a” şi ”an”
“a” se pronunţã [ Ә ] în faţa unei consoane şi a sunetului [ iu] provenit din
“ue” sau “eu”. Tot a [ Ә ] se foloseşte înaintea cuvintelor care încep cu w sau y.
Exemple: a book, a student, a european, a university, a microuniverse, a
woman, a yard, a water-melon.
“An” se pronunţã [ Әn ]
forma slabã sau [ Ә n] forma tare şi se foloseşte înaintea cuvintelor care încep cu un
sunet vocalic sau a lui “h” mut.
Exemple: an egg, an officer, an elephant, an idea, an hour, an heir, an honest
man.
 6

SCRIEREA, CITIREA ŞI TRADUCEREA UNOR PROPOZIŢII CE CONŢIN

NOŢIUNILE GRAMATICALE PREZENTATE

Citiţi şi traduceţi urmãtoarele propoziţii.

Subliniaţi noţiunile gramaticale întâlnite în fiecare dintre propoziţii.
1. I am a student.
2. John is an officer.
3. She is a teacher of English.
4. I am at the window.
5. Open the book.
6. Shut the door.
7. He is British.
8. She is a French citizen.
9. The orange is tasty.
10. They are in the yard.

VOCABULAR:
Open - deschide/deschideţi.
Shut - închide/închideţi.
tasty - gustos/gustoasã.
Citizen - cetãţean (ã).

TEMA NR. 2
FORMULE DE SALUT. DEMONSTRATIVELE “THIS” ŞI “THAT”.
ADVERBELE “HERE” ŞI “THERE”

PREZENTAREA FORMULELOR DE SALUT SPECIFIC ENGLEZEŞTI

UTILIZATE LA ÎNTÂLNIRE, LA DESPĂRŢIRE,
ÎN RAPORT CU PERIOADELE ZILEI
 7

Saluturi în raport cu perioadele zilei, la întâlnire.

“Good morning” / Bună dimineaţa.

La fel ca în limba română, acest salut se foloseşte la întâlnire în primele ore
ale dimineţii, până la ora prânzului.
“ Good afternoon”/ Bună ziua
Se foloseşte la întâlnire, în intervalul dintre masa de prânz şi ora 5 după
amiază (“tea time”).
“Good evening”/ Bună seara.
Această formulă de salut se utilizează, deasemenea, la întâlnirea cu o
persoană, de obicei după “ora ceaiului”.
Obs.1. Când salutul este adresat unei persoane mai în vârstă, uneia căreia îi
datorăm respect, la formulele de salut, menţionate anterior, se vor adăuga, după caz,
cuvintele Sir, Madam, Inspector etc.

Obs. 2. - “Good day” - este folosit rar, numai la despărţire, pentru întreruperea
unei discuţii neplăcute sau chiar a unei relaţii.
“Good evening”/Bună seara.
Se utilizează de obicei după ora 5.
Good night /Noapte bună.
Se spune la ore târzii. Se foloseşte doar la despărţire.

Alte forme de salut specific englezeşti:

“Hello” / Salut, noroc.

Este o formă de salut folosită între prieteni sau cunoscuţi, între persoane de
aceiaşi vârstă (sau vârste apropiate).

“How do you’do”! / Vă salut / Să trăiţi / Sărut mâna.

 8

Această formă de salut poate fi utilizată la orice oră, faţă de persoane pe care
le respectăm. La ea se răspunde tot prin salutul “How do you do”!, cu care am fost
întâmpinaţi.

“How are you ?”

Este o expresie cu referire la starea sănătăţii sau dispoziţia unei persoane;
(niciodată prin “How do you do !”).
Răspunsul variază de la caz la caz:
- I’m fine, thanks / Sunt bine, mersi.
- I’m all right / Foarte bine.
- Just so and so / Aşa şi aşa.
- No too well, I’m afraid / Mi-e teamă că nu (mă simt) prea bine.

TEXT SPECIFIC: “WHAT IS THIS?” EXPLICAREA DEMONSTRATIVELOR

“THIS” ŞI “THAT”. ADVERBELE “HERE” ŞI “THERE”

Tom: What is this, Mary?

Mary: This is a book, Tom.
It’s an English book.

Tom: And what is that?

Mary: That is a picture. It’s a fine picture, isn’t it?

Tom: Where is the cat, Mary?

Mary: It is here, Tom. It’s on the chair.

Tom: And where is the dog?

The dog is there
It’s near the door.

Explicaţii:
 9

This se traduce prin: “acesta, acest, aceasta şi determină un substantiv. Se

foloseşte la începutul propoziţiilor (în propoziţiile afirmative şi negative), pentru a
arăta că obiectul sau de persoana menţionată se găseşte în apropierea vorbitorului.
That se traduce prin: “acela, acel, aceea” şi se foloseşte pentru a indica un
obiect, un animal sau o persoană aflată la o mai mare depărtare de vorbitor.
“Here” şi “There” sunt adverbe de loc, deci indică locul propriu-zis, nu
direcţia.
Here - aici; indică apropierea
There - acolo; indică depărtarea.

EXERCIŢII GRAMATICALE ŞI DE VOCABULAR

1. Citiţi şi traduceţi:
A: What is this?
B: This is a cat. It is here. It is on the chair.
A: And what is that?
B: That is a dog. It is there. It is near the door.
A: What is this?
B: This is a pen. It is here. It’s on the desk.
A: And what is that?
B: That is a picture. It’s on the wall.

2. Completaţi cu “this” sau “that”.

1. .... is a map. It is there.

2. ... is a book. It is here.
3. ... is a blackboard. It is there.
4. ... is a photo. It is here.
5. ... is a pencil-box. It is here.
6.... is a chair. It is there.
 10

7. ... is a window. It is there.

8. ... is a table. It is here.
9. ... is a wall. It is there.
10. ... is a pen. It is here.

TEMA NR. 3

MODALITĂŢI UZUALE DE EXPRIMARE A NUMELUI ŞI PRENUMELUI.

TEXTE SPECIFICE. EXPRIMAREA NUMELUI ŞI PRENUMELUI

Citiţi şi traduceţi următoarele dialoguri:

Read and translate the following dialogues:

DIALOGUE ONE / DIALOGUL 1

A.: What’s your name ?

J.: My name is John. My forename is Michael, but my friends call me Mike.
A.: I see. Mike is your pet-name.
Have you got a Nickname ?
J.: No, I don’t think so.

DIALOGUE TWO / DIALOGUL 2

A.: What is your father’s name ?

J.: My father’s name is James D.Parker.
A.: What does “D” stand for in his name ?
J.: D stands for Duncan.
A.: And what was your mother’s maiden name ?
J.: It was Alice Priestley. Now she is Mrs. James D.Parker.
 11

A.: I thought that after getting married she became

Mrs.Alice Parker.
J.: That’s not right.

DIALOGUE THREE / DIALOGUL 3

A.: You will have to go to the Police Station in order to write a complaint in
which you should mention:
your surname, Christian / first name, place and date of birth, address and
the conditions on which the burglary occured.
B.: Thank you, Sir. I’m going to the Police Station right away.

Words and Phrases

- Surname - nume de familie
- Christian name – nume de botez
- Forename – prenume
- Pet-name – nume de alint ( diminutiv)
- What does “D” stand for in his name ?
- Ce reprezintă litera D în numele său?
- Nickname - poreclă
- Alias - zis şi
TEXT SPECIFIC. ADJECTIVELE POSESIVE

Citiţi şi traduceţi urmãtorul text:

Our Man in Australia
Tom is a reporter for a famous American magazine. For the moment he is
living in the Australian desert.
His job consists in taking photos of dangerous animals.
His girlfriend, Barbara thinks that he is mad, but that’s her opinion!
“Our house is full of spiders and other strange animals”, she says.
 12

But Tom loves his job very much. He is a bit of an adventurer, you know.

Vocabular
famous - faimos, renumit
magazine - revistã
He is living - trãieşte/locuieşte
spiders - pãianjeni
full of - plin (ã) de
He is a bit of an adventurer - Este puţin aventurier/Are ceva din genul
aventurierului.

ADJECTIVELE POSESIVE
Indicã posesia şi se aşeazã întotdeauna înaintea substantivelor.
Citiţi, comparaţi şi reţineţi.
I have a pencil. It’s my pencil.
You have a pen. It’s your pen.
He has a pencil-box. It’s his pencil-box.
She has a bag. It’s her bag.
We have a dog. It’s our dog.
You have a cat. It’s your cat.
They have a ball. It’s their ball.

Pronume personale I you he she it we you they

(subiecte)
Adjective my your his her its our your their
posesive

PREZENTAREA PRONUMELOR POSESIVE

Acestea sunt, de fapt, genitivele pronumelor personale, ţinând locul unui substantiv
în cazul genitiv.
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Formele de singular
mine - al meu, a mea, ai mei, ale mele
yours - al tãu, a ta, ai tãi, ale tale
his - a, al , ai, ale lui, a sa, ai sãi, ale sale
hers - a, al , ai, ale ei, a sa, ale sale
Pronumele posesive nu mai sunt ca adjectivele, urmate de un substantiv.
Exemple:
This blue car is his.
The blue shirt is hers.
NOTÃ - “Its” nu se foloseşte ca pronume posesiv.
Formele de plural
ours - al nostru, a noastrã, ai noştri, ale noastre
yours - al vostru, a voastrã, ai voştri, ale voastre
theirs - a, ai, ale lor.

Exemple:
These pens are ours.
These houses are theirs.

TEMA NR. 4
PROFESII. SUBSTANTIVUL : GEN ŞI NUMĂR.

TEXT CU EXPRIMAREA UNOR PROFESII, A LOCULUI DE MUNCĂ ŞI

A SPECIFICULUI ACTIVITĂŢILOR DESFĂŞURATE.

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul dialog.

A.: What’s your job?

B.: I have a part-time job as a nurse in a big hospital. And I’m still studying to
become a doctor. I want to cure sick people, you know.
 14

A.: What about your parents? What is your mother’s job?

B.: She is a French teacher. She also took her degree in English at the
University of Bucharest.
My father is a physician. He has been practising medicine for more than 20
years.
May I ask what are your qualifications?
A.: Well, I do office work. I’m a civil servant.
B.: Do you have to work overtime?
A.: From time to time I go off duty late in the evening.
B.: What are your office hour?
A.: My office hours are from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.

Cuvinte şi expresii / Words and Phrases

- What’s your job - Care este slujba ta ?

- A part - time job - O slujbă cu o jumătate de normă.
- A full - time job - O slujbă cu normă întreagă
- Physician - Doctor
- I work overtime - Lucrez peste program
- I go off duty - Termin programul
- She took her degree – Şi-a luat licenţa
- What are your qualifications ? – Ce specializări ai?
- Office / Work hours - Program de lucru
- I am on duty - Sunt de serviciu

NOTĂ: Substantivele care exprimă profesiile la singular vor fi precedate de

articolul nehotărât.
Exemplu:
John is a Police Officer.
Mary is an engineer.
 15

TEXT ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ CU TERMENI SPECIFICI UTILIZAŢI

ÎN DESFĂŞURAREA ACTIVITĂŢII LUCRĂTORILOR DE POLIŢIE.

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul dialog.

A.: Where do you work ?
B.: I am a Law Enforcement Official.
A.: So you work with the Police. Can you tell me anything about the
Romanian Police ?
B.: The Romanian Police work throughout the country. A main responsibility
is safety insurance. This duty is, fulfilled in compliance with our country’s
Constitutional provisions and the European Convention of Human Rights. The
efforts made by the Romanian Police are directed towards a higher efficiency,
towards making the crime prevention and counteraction activities more diverse and
numerous.
A.: What exactly does your work include?
B.: It include, responding to calls from the population, maintaing the public
order , food and car patrols , investigating different crimes.
A.: Thank you for your detailed information.
B.: You’re welcome.

VOCABULAR :
Law Enforcement Official.
To enforce – a aplica
To fulfil - a îndeplini
In compliance with – în concordanţă cu
Prevention - prevenire
Counteraction activities- activitate de cotracarare
 16

To counteract - a contracara
Provisions - prevederi, clause

GENUL ŞI NUMĂRUL SUBSTANTIVELOR.

Genul substantivelor

A. Genul masculin / The Masculine Gender

Au genul masculin substantivele care desemnează fiinţele de sex masculine ;

aceste substantive se pot înlocui prin pronumele personal “he” .
Exemple: boy, man, policeman, father,brather, he-wolf.
Tot de genul masculine sunt şi : sun, thunder, wind, anger.

B. Genul feminin / The Feminine Gender

Desemnează fiinţele de gen feminin, întruchipând femeia ca fiinţă, (stare),

naţionalitate, profesie.
Exemple: mother, sister, policewoman, she-wolf, lioness.
Tot feminine sunt şi: ship, love, kindness, pride, night, car, rain, country (prin
personificare)..

C. Genul neutru / The Neuter Gender

Desemnează lucrurile ,tot ceea ce este neînsufleţit şi nu implică ideea de sex.

Exemple: room, door, table, window, house,chalk, peace, picture, the river, the
storm.
Tot de genul neutru sunt şi animalele inferioare (sau cele mici/şi copii mici.
Exemple : mosquito, mouse, worm, baby, etc.

D. Genul comun / The Common Gender

 17

Cuprinde substantivele care, în afara unui contex pot fi de ambele sexe/genul

masculin sau feminin.
Într-un context oarecare ele devin fie feminine, fie masculine.
Exemple: The teacher gave a few more examples, as she/he wanted the pupils
to understand the rule.
Alte substantive de genul comun : doctor, cousin, friend, engineer.
S-a observat din exemplificările date, deosebirile faţă de limba română în ceea
ce priveşte genul substantivelor care desemnează lucruri în limba engleză, tot ceea ce
nu este însufleţit este de genul neutru, pe câtă vreme în limba română substantivul
poate fi masculine, feminine sau neutru.

An oak (neutru) un stejar (masculin)

A table(neutru) o masă (feminine)
A chair (neutru) un scaun (neutru)

Diferenţa de formă între substantivele masculine şi cele feminine.

Substantivele feminine se deosebesc de cele masculine se poate face prin
forme / cuvinte diferite.

Ex.
Boy - girl
Brother - sister
Uncle - aunt
Bull - cow
Policeman - policewoman
Mother - father
Son - daughter

PLURALUL SUBSTANTIVELOR
 18

Formarea pluralului substantivelor simple.

1. Pluralul regulat, se formează prin adăugarea consoanei – S la forma de
singular. Consoana respectivă se poate pronunţa :
- [S], după sunetele [p], [t], [f], [k], [O] :

Cup cups
Boot boots
Boat boats
Book books
cliff cliffs
chief chiefs
faith faiths
month months
lenghth lenghths

- [Z], după sunetele vocalice şi după sunetele consonatice sonore [b], [d], [g],
[l],[m], [n], [v] :

door doors
spas spas
dog dogs
job jobs
bag bags
song songs
car cars
thing things

2. Substantivele terminate la singular în consoanele şuierătoare (s, ss, ch, sh, x)

formează pluralul prin adăugarea terminaţiei – es pronunţată [iz]:
Ex:
 19

bus buses
class classes
church churches
watch watches
clash clashes
box boxes

3. Substantivele terminate în – f şi – fe transformă consoana f în v, după care se

adaugă – es, respectiv – s, cu pronunţia [vz] :
Ex:
Wolf wolves
Wife wives
Half halves
Life lives

4. Substantivele terminate în vocala – o: Sb + es [i z]

Ex :
potato potatoes
tomato tomatoes
hero heroes
echo echoes
Excepţie fac substantivele mai nou intrate în limbaj (neologismele), cărora li se
adaugă doar – S :
Ex :
piano pianos
photo photos

radio radios
video videos
 20

5. Forme de plural neregulate :

La aceste substantive forma de plural diferă de cea de singular prin una sau
mai multe litere ; aceste forme sunt, în general, păstrate din engleza veche :
Ex :
man men
woman women
tooth teeth
foot feet
goose geese
child children

TEMA NR. 5
FAMILIA. VERBUL “TO HAVE” - CONJUGARE LA INDICATIV
PREZENT

TEXT SPECIFIC. PREZENTAREA MEMBRILOR

UNEI FAMILII

A. Are you a large family?

B. Yes. Look at this photo. This is my father.
He is tall and thin. He is a police officer. Here is my mother, then my sister,
my aunt, my uncle....
These are my grandparents. Grandfather is an engineer and grandmother is a
teacher.
A. Oh, you have a very nice grandmother and I’m sure she loves her grandson
very much. How about your brother? Is he in this photo?
B. Yes, he is here.
A. Oh, he’s very funny.
B. Yes, indeed. He is short and fat.
 21

He is a very good pupil.

And these are my little “friends”: Rocky, the dog, and Betty, the cat.

Completaţi literele lipsă din cuvintele întâlnite în text.

a.- F- - her is t-l- and th- -.
b.- M - - h - r is s- - rt and t - - n.
c.- My bro - - - r is v - - y f - - - y.
d.- My a - - t is b - - u - - f - -.
e.- My g - - n - f - - - e - is - l - .

PREZENTAREA VERBULUI “TO HAVE”; CONJUGARE

LA INDICATIV PREZENT

Citiţi şi reţineţi:
I have a big house.
You have a new pen.
He has a farm in the country.
She has a hat.
It has milk.
We have a dog.
You have a white cat.
They have a horse/a gun/a rifle.

Exprimarea posesiei se mai poate face şi folosind particula “got”, după verb.
Ex.: They have got new uniforms.
Această construcţie poate avea şi rol descriptiv.
Ex. He has got a big nose.
She’s got green eyes.
I’ve got brown hair.
 22

Propoziţiile interogative cu „to have” se pot forma în două moduri:

1. Have + Sb. (got) …… ?
Have you got a difficult case ?
2. Do + Sb. + have ………….
Do you have any idea about this burglary ?
Forma de negativ a verbului “To Have” se obţine ca şi la verbul “To Be”, prin
adăugarea negaţiei not, imediat după verb, sau folosind construcţia : Sb. + do not
/don’t have ……
Există şi formele contrase: haven’t, hasn’t, utilizate mai ales în vorbire.

Daţi răspunsuri afirmative şi negative:

Have you got a dog?
Has she got a new blouse?
Have they got a problem?

EXERCIŢII LEXICALE ŞI GRAMATICALE

1. Citiţi şi traduceţi următoarele texte:

A. Today is Christmas Eve.
We are all at home: my parents my grandparents, my uncle and my aunt,
Anne and I.
We all have beautiful presents.
I have a new photo album and some chocolate.
Anne has got a new bag and a pair of jeans.
My mother has got a new white blouse and my father has a blue shirt and a
new, beautiful pull-over.
Any presents for our grandparents?
Yes, of course. They have got a lamp from mother and father and a new,
beautiful hat from me and Anne.
 23

B. Peter: Hi! Nice party, isn’t it?... But tell me, what’s wrong with Julie ? Has
she got a headache?
Sandra: No, she hasn’t. She’s fine.
Peter: Are you sure? I think she’s got a problem!
Jill: It’s Dennis, you see....he can’t come tonight.
Peter: Why not?
Sandra: His little brother has got smallpox.
Jill: Yes, and his parents are away.
Sandra: And the baby-sitter can’t baby-sit because she has an important exam
tomorrow.
Jill: So Dennis can’t come.
Peter: ... and Julie’s sad. Well, girls, she has got a problem.... I think she’s in
love!
Jill: You are right. Julie is in big trouble!

Exerciţii gramaticale şi lexicale.

1. Completaţi cu cuvinte din text:
a.- Today is Christmas....
b.- We are... at....
c.- We all ..... beautiful...
d.- Anne ... a new ... and a ... of....
e.- My mother has a ..... ...... and my father has a .... .... and a beautiful....
f.- Grandparents have ... a ... and a ....
g.- His little brother ... got ...
h.- Julie has ... a .....
I.- The baby-sitter can’t ... because she has ....
j.- I think Julie is.....

2. Înlocuiţi întrebarea “What about you? cu o întrebare cu “have got” conjugat.

’ve got an Italian car. What about you?
 24

Have you got an Italian car too?

a.- I’ve hot a house with a garden.

What about you?
b.- We’ve got new rollerblades.
What about them?
c.- Han has got a white dress.
What about Lauren?
d.- Tim has got a mask.
What about Jason?
e.- They have got a blue Ferrari.
What about John?
f.- The Browns have got their own house.
What about the Whites?

TEMA NR. 6

EXPRIMAREA ACTIVITĂŢILOR DEVENITE OBIŞNUINŢE.

PREZENTUL SIMPLU .

TEXTE SPECIFICE ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ CU VERBE LA PREZENTUL

SIMPLU.

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul text. Notaţi utilizarea verbelor la timpul « prezent

simplu » în contextul dat .

Alex :
Paul, let’s practise the Present Tense Simple now. What do you do every
morning, as a general rule ?
Paul :
 25

Well, I usually get up/wake up at seven o’clock every day, except on Saturday
and Sunday, I go to the bathroom, I always or nearly always have / take a shower.
Then I shave and get dressed. I usually have breakfast at a quarter past seven. This
generally consists of toast and marmalade, bread and butter, a cup of tea, and
sometimes ham and eggs too.
I rarely have more than that for breakfast. Occasionally, it’s black coffee
instead of tea.
I always leave home at 7 :45 as it seldom takes me more than 15 minutes to
get to my office.
I am never late for work. In fact, I am often early, and I work hard.
Diana :
How many hours do yon work on week-days?
Paul:
I work eight hours a day, that is 40 hours a week.
Alex:
And what do you generally do in the afternoon?
Paul:
Well, I always leave the office at 4 :15 p.m. I take a bus or a tram and I get
home at about 4:30. I eat something and then I sometimes take a nap. This is hardly
ever more than an hour. Then I read the day’s newspapers and watch T.V. Before
going to bed I read a book . Sometimes instead of reading I listen to English
cassettes. That is a good practice in order to improve my English Knowledge, isn’t
it?

Alex:
Oh , yes ! I do often this thing, too.

VOCABULAR

Let’s practice - Să practicăm

 26

as a general rule - Ca regulă generală

I usually wake up at - De obicei mă trezesc la
He works hard – He hardly works - Munceşte cu sârguinţă – abia dacă munceşte
ceva.
I get home at……… - Ajung acasă la ora
I take a nap - Trag un pui de somn
I have/take a shower - Fac un duş

Citiţi înţelegeţi şi traduceţi :

1) Mark : Thank you, Mrs. Nelson, bye.

2) So, for his birthday, Dennis wants….Ah, Ah! What does Dennis want for his
birthday ? Guess!
3) Sandra :Oh, Mark. You ‘re such a pain…! He wants a pair of trousers “!
4) Sandra : Er… I think he likes Eric Clapton. An Eric Clapton ‘s CD !
Mark :You’re freezing ! He hates Clapton; he prefers U2.
Peter : Does he want a console ?
5 ) Mark : A console ! Too expensive!
Sandra : He wants a video game.
Mark : No, you’re cold !
Peter : Well, he doesn’t want a video game ! What does he want ?
Does he want a video cassette ?
6)Julie : No, he wants a camera ! I’m sure he wants a camera !
7) Peter :Yes, he wants to take photos of his neighbors.
He thinks they’re gangsters !
8) Mark : well, my friends ! That means our old dear Dennis is CRAZY!

Răspundeţi la următoarele întrebări :

1. Does Dennis like Eric Clapton ?
2. Does he want a video game ?
 27

3. What does he really want ?

4. What does Dennis think of his neighbors ?
5. What is he like?

UTILIZAREA PREZENTULUI SIMPLU ÎN PROPOZIŢII AFIRMATIVE.

REGULI, EXEMPLIFICARE.

II. A Prezentul simplu; Propoziţii afirmative, interogative şi negative.

The Simple Present Tense; Affirmative, Interrogative and Negative Forms.
The Simple Present Tense / Timpul prezent simplu
Definiţie: Prezentul simplu desemnează acţiuni obişnuite, repetate regulat
în anumite momente ale zilei, săptămânii lunii, anului etc.
Se foloseşte cu every day, week , year etc
once, twice a week a month’
usually often always.
(de obicei, adesea, mereu/ întotdeauna)
Forma
a./ Afirmativ:* Sb + Vb (la infinitivul scurt)
(Affirmative) Exemple: I go to my office every day
We watch TV every evening.
La persoana a III-a singular masculin şi feminin, verbului i se adaugă
terminaţia “s”, pronunţată [ s ] sau [ z ].
Exemple: My friend always helps me.
She plays tennis on Saturday.
Când verbul se termină în vocala “o” sau în consoanele şuierătoare (ch, sh, th,
x) la persoana a III-a singular se adaugă grupul “es”, pronunţat [ z ] sau [ iz ].
Exemple: She goes to school in the morning.
He washes his uniform once a week.
John does all the things well.
Ortografierea, la persoana a III-a singular, a verbelor terminate în y:
 28

- verbele terminate în “y” precedat de o vocală, păstrează “y” şi adaugă “s”.

Exemplu: I play - he / she plays.
- verbele terminate în “y” precedat de o conosoană, schimbă “y” în “I” şi
adaugă - “es”.
Exemple: We try - he / she tries.
They cry - he / she cries.

FORMAREA PROPOZIŢIILOR INTEROGATIVE LA PREZENTUL SIMPLU.

Interogativ : Do + Sb + Vb + a.p. ?
(Interogative)
Exemple: Do you live in a big town ?
Do they go to the seaside every summer ?
La persoana a III-a singular / masculin şi feminin, auxiliarul “do” este înlocuit
cu “does”.
Exemple: Does she live in a big town ?
Does he play football well ?
Does John work for the Police ?
În cazul întrebărilor ce conţin pronumele interrogative “What” , “Where” ,
“When”, “How” acestea se aşează înaintea auxiliarului “do”.
Exemple: How do you get along with your new colleagues?

Traduceţi în engleză, după modelul dat, următoarele propoziţii.

a) Ce faceţi voi de obicei în weekend ?
b) Unde merg ei vara ?
c) La ce oră plecaţi la serviciu ?
d) Cînd plecaţi în concediu ?
e) Cum ajungeţi la locul vostru de muncă ?
f) Unde locuieşte prietenul tău Sam?
 29

FORMAREA PROPOZIŢIILOR NEGATIVE LA PREZENTUL SIMPLU.

Aceste propoziţii se formează prin intermediul negaţiei “not” pusă imediat

după “do” / “does”:

Sb + do + not+ Vb.p. la infinitivul scurt

Ex: They do not work at the Criminal Investigations Department.

We do not spend our holidays in the mountains.
Forma contrasă : do not – don’t [doun’t]
We don’t put on ties on trips.
La persoana a treia singular (masculin şi feminine “do” este înlocuit de “does”
ce si în propoziţiile interrogative. Forma contrasă : doesn’t.

Ex : He doesn’t go to work on Sundays. Jane doesn’t work for the

Traffic Police Department.

Treceţi următoarele propoziţii la forma de negativ.

a) I buy a new car every year.

b) John watches TV every afternoon.

c) We visit our relatives twice a month.

d) Watson and Jack investigate crimes.

TEMA NR. 7

DESCRIEREA UNUI EVENIMENT ÎN DESFĂŞURARE.

PREZENTUL CONTINUU.
 30

Traduceţi următorul text în limba română. Identificaţi structurile gramaticale

care exprimă acţiuni ce se desfăşoară în momentul vorbirii.

D: Hey, Bill, why are you driving so fast?

B: You see, I’m following that blue car. Listen to the radio ! It’s the police.
S: Police car 281...coming! How many agents are watching the building?
P.C.: Four, chief. Now, they’re coming out of the building!
S: Who’s coming out of the building?
P.C.: The two gangsters, chief. Ron’s carrying bags.
Heavy ones. Rick is looking at a map. A taxi is coming....
S: Wait a minute! Are they getting into the taxi?
P.C.: Yes, they are ! They’re leaving!
S: Don’t let them go! Arrest them now.

PREZENTUL CONTINUU: FORMĂ, UTILIZARE ÎN PROPOZIŢII

AFIRMATIVE, INTEROGATIVE ŞI NEGATIVE.

Este un timp gramatical utilizat pentru exprimarea unei acţiuni care se

desfăşoară în momentul vorbirii. (Acţiunea are durată şi nu este completă).

FORMĂ / FORM
Prezentul continuu este format din timpul prezent al verbului “be” şi forma de
“ing” (participiu prezent) a verbului principal.

Exemple: / Examples:
John investighează o tâlhărie (în acest moment).
John is investigating a burglary (at this moment).
John şi Peter aşteaptă autobuzul.
John and Peter are waiting for the bus.
 31

Prezentul continuu mai poate exprima o acţiune temporară, limitată în timp (cu
un adverb care indică timpul prezent: today, this month, this summer etc.).

Exemple:/ Examples:
I live in Braşov, but I’m living in Bucharest this month.
I usually walk but today I’m getting to work by bus.
He spends his holidays in the mountains but he is spending his holidays at the
seaside this summer.

TEMA NR. 8

ÎNCADRAREA UNUI EVENIMENT ÎN TIMP ŞI SPAŢIU.

NUMERALUL. PREVENIREA CRIMINALITĂŢII.

TEXT SPECIFIC CU UN ANUMIT EVENIMENT ÎNCADRAT

ÎN TIMP ŞI SPAŢIU

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul text:

Read and translate the following text:

Yesterday, The Midland Bank in the centre of London was robbed by two
masked gangsters.The only witness in the bank was Mr. Gordon.
Policeman: Could you describe the robbers?
Mr. Gordon: I couldn’t see their faces.Anyway one of them was wearing a
black stocking over his face.The other one had a white stocking over his
face.
Policeman: I see. Did they say anything?
Mr. Gordon: Only one of them did. He had an Irish accent. He menaced me
and the office workers of the bank.
 32

Policeman: Did they have any weapons?

Mr. Gordon: Yes, the tall one had a gun in his hand.
Policeman: How long did they stay in the bank?
Mr. Gordon: About 8 or 10 minutes, no more. Then they got away, in a blue
Landrover.I guess someone was waiting for them behind
the wheel.
Policeman: What time did that happened?
Mr. Gordon: I looked at my watch after the thieves had left the bank.
I can tell you that this robbery took place at 20 minutes past 6
on
Tuesday evening.The robbers left the bank at 6:28 (twenty-
eight
past six ) or at 6:30 (half past six).
It was the 27 th of May.

Cuvinte şi expresii / Words and Phrases

Witness - Martor
Eyewitness - Martor ocular
Robber - Tâlhar
Robbery - Tâlhărie
They got away in a blue Landrover – Au plecat într-un Landrover albastru
I guess someone was waiting for them behind the wheel – Cred că cineva îi
aştepta la volan.

NUMERALELE CARDINALE ŞI ORDINALE;

UTILIZAREA ACESTORA ÎN DIFERITE SITUAŢII

Numeralele cardinale – exprimă un număr întreg abstract ,un număr de

obiecte sau persoane.
 33

Citiţi şi reţineţi modul de scriere a următoarelor numerare cardinale :

10 - ten 60 - sixty
20 – twenty 70 - seventy
30 - thirty 80 - eighty
40 – forty 90 - ninety
50 – fifty 100 - one hundred

Situaţii de utilizare :
În exprimarea timpului, cu pronumele impersonal « it »
Exemple:
It is five o clock.
It is three o clock sharp.
It is half past nine.
It is 20 past eleven.

2. În exprimarea numerelor de telefon – care se citesc pronunţandu-se

fiecare cifră.
Exemple:
792065 seven-nine-two-ou-six-five.

1. În indicarea numărului unei străzi, case, autobuze, etc.

Exemple:
Number nine Park Road ;
Flat 42;
Bus No. 36;
Lesson 4;
Chapter 10.

NOTA : În citire, după sute sau mii, înaintea zecilor, se foloseşte conjuncţia
“and” (“şi”).
 34

Exemple:
116 – one hundred and sixteen.
1009 - one thousand and nine.

Numeralele ordinale - exprimă locul pe care-l ocupă într-o însuşire sau serie
diferite obiecte sau persoane .
Se formează astfel: the + numeral cardinal + th
th
Exemple: 7 seven – the seventh – the 7
th
10 ten -the tenth - the 10
th
16 sixteen-the sixteenth-the 16
th
94 ninety-four-the ninety-fourth - the 94

NOTĂ: Grupul de litere “ve” din five şi twelve devine “f” în numeralele
ordinale corespunzătoare :
Five – the fifth ; twelve – the twelfth
Numeralul “eight” primeşte doar un “h”:
Eight – eighth;
Vocala “y” de la sfarşitul zecilor devine “ie”:
Twenty – the twentieth , sixty – the sixtieth.

Excepţie de la regula generală de formare a numeralelor ordinale fac primele trei:

one – the first – the 1st ;
two – the second – the 2 nd
three – the third – the 3 rd
Deci: al 21-lea:the 21 st.
al 32-lea:the 32 nd.
al 43-lea:the 43 rd.

Cu numeralele ordinale se exprimă şi repetarea unei acţiuni la intervale

regulate:
 35

- fiecare a treia persoană –every third person ;

- o dată la două săptămani / din două în două săptămani - every
second week.

Utilizarea numeralelor ordinale în exprimarea datei

Există două modalităţi de exprimare a datei:

1. Numeral ordinal + of + luna + anul
Exemple:
8 Martie 1993 – The 8 th of March 1993 ;
2 Ianuarie 1997 – The 2 nd of January 1997.
NOTĂ:La ani, cifrele se citesc două cate două, de la stanga la dreapta.
1997- nineteen ninety-seven.

2. Luna + numeral cardinal + anul

Exemple:
8 Martie 1993 – March the 8 th 1993
3 Decembrie 1996 – December the 3 rd 1996
La citire însă , ele se citesc ca şi cum ar fi numerale ordinale.
March the eight.
December the third.

Scrieţi şi citiţi / Write and read: 9 Aug. 1979, 30 Ian.1962

2 Dec. 1949, 23 Sept. 1996
31 Iulie 1997.

Cuvinte şi expresii suplimentare

Cand şi unde sunteţi născut? When and where were you born?
Sunt născut la ………pe……. - I was born in……on………
Ce dată este astăzi? – What date is it today?
 36

La începutul lui (iulie) – At the beginning of (July)

Către sfarşitul lui (aug) – Towards the end of ( August )
Azi dimineaţă – This morning
Astă seară / în această seară – This evening / Tonight
În cursul dimineţii – In the morning
Noaptea – At night
Pe înserat – At dusk
În fiecare zi – Every day
Chiar în ziua aceea – On the very day
În noaptea de sambătă spre duminică – The night from Saturday to Sunday
De la 3 la 5 după-amiaza – from 3 to 5 in the afternoon / from 3 to 5 p.m.
După 2 zile / săptămani – After 2 days / weeks
2 days / weeks later
Din 2 în 2 zile – Every other day

PREVENIREA CRIMINALITĂŢII

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul text în limba engleză.Găsiţi sinonime pentru

cuvintele subliniate.

CRIME PREVENTION.

What can governments do in order to fight crime? These things do happen in

many countries. Police carry guns although some people still think this is not a good
idea.
Police are allowed to stop anyone suspect in the street and question the people
involved.
The courts no give tougher punishments for crimes/offences committed than in
the past (eg. bigger fines or longer sentences than in the past).
 37

There is capital punishment, by electric chair or lethal injection for some

serious crimes, in some countries.
What can individuals do to prevent a crime from happening?
Here are the things to do in order protect yourself and your property:
-Don t walk along dark streets late at night alone.
-Lock carefully all your doors and windows whwn you go out.
-Don t wear expensive jewellery in the street.
-Leave light on at home when you go out.
-Fit a burglar alarm in your house.
-Make sure your money is safe while going down the street.Wear a money belt.
-Carry a mace spray.
-On conditions imposed by the law keep a gun in your home for self-defence.
-Leave lights on at home when you go out .
-Never keep a large amount of money in the house . Put it in a bank or building
society.

TEMA NR. 9
LA GARĂ. LA AEROPORT. TRECUTUL SIMPLU AL VERBELOR
REGULATE. CRIMA ORGANIZATĂ. TERMINOLOGIE ENGLEZEASCĂ.

TEXT CU EXPRESII SPECIFICE UTILIZATE LA GARĂ;

Expresii tipice utilizate la garã

Citiţi şi traduceţi urmãtorul text:

Read and translate the following text:

At the Railway Station

Here we are at the railway station. Our friends are going for their holidays.
They 7have booked their tickets in advance and now they are in the waiting-room:
 38

Next door to the waiting-room there are other offices and rooms: station master’s
office, inquiry office, left-luggage and the parcels office.
All kind of trains are passing through the station: passenger trains, - express,
fast or slow; good trains, local and long distance trains.
After a while, the public address system announces that our friends’train is in.
They pass through onto the platform and the tichet-collector examines their tickets.
În British railway stations there is a gate at the end of each platform. The ticket -
collector stands at the gate and checks the travellers’tickets.
Along the platforms there are book-stalls where people can buy newspapers
and magazines to read during the journey.
(Adapted).

Cuvinte şi expresii / Words and Phrases

They have booked their tickets in advance – Şi-au rezervat bilete
Waiting-room - Sală de aşteptare
Station Master’s Office - Biroul şefului de gară
Inquiry Office - Biroul de informaţii
Parcels Office - Mesagerie
Fast train - Tren rapid / accelerat
Slow train - Tren personal
Public Address System – Sistemul sonor de informare a publicului.
Ticket-collector – Controlor de bilete
Booking – Office – Casă de bilete

Alcătuiţi propoziţii / fraze cu cuvintele şi expresiile de mai sus.

TEXT SPECIFIC. STRUCTURI LEXICALE UTILIZATE PE UN AEROPORT;

All the passengers on an airport must show their passports for Passport
Control before going through Security Check. There you must decide on the red or
 39

green channel. Red means you have something to declare and your luggage will be
inspected. Green means nothing to declare and the customs men make only random
checks.
Then, there is the Check-in Counter where your luggage is weighed and sent
to the plane. At the Check - in Counter passengers receive a boarding pass which
allows them to get on the plane.
Once through customs you are in the Arrival Concourse, with bar, cafeteria,
toilets, currency exchange facilities and the desks of two car - hire firms. The answer
to any problem is to be found at the Information Desks.
When the passengers hear the announcement for their flight, they proceed to
the gate to board the plane.

Cuvinte şi expresii / Words and Phrases

Must show their passports – trebuie să prezinte paşapoartele

Security Check – sectorul Control de Securitate (Antitero)
Random checks – verificări prin sondaj
Check-in Counter – sectorul unde bagajele sunt cântărite şi trimise la avion
Boarding pass – permis de îmbarcare
Arrival Concourse – hol mare unde se strâng pasagerii după sosire
Once through customs – o dată trecut prin vamă
Flight - zbor
To fly - a zbura

Alcătuiţi propoziţii / fraze cu cuvintele şi expresiile de mai sus.

VERBELE REGULATE. FORMAREA TRECUTULUI SIMPLU ÎN

CONSTRUCŢII AFIRMATIVE, INTEROGATIVE ŞI NEGATIVE;
 40

În construcţiile afirmative acesta se formeazã adãugând verbului terminaţiile

“ed” sau « e ».
Trecutul simplu (The Past Tense Simple) se traduce în general, prin perfectul
compus.
Terminaţia “ed” se pronunţã:
- [ t ] dupã o consoanã surdã: p, k, s, f.

Exemplu:
stop - stopped
walk - walked
cross - crossed.
- [ id ] când verbele se terminã în -t sau -d.
Exemplu:
want - wanted
nod - nodded.
- [ d ] când verbele se terminã în vocalã sau consoanã sonorã.
Exemplu:
play - played;
arrive - arrived.
Trecutul simplu este timpul gramatical folosit pentru a exprima o acţiune
desfăşurată şi încheiată în trecut, care nu are nici o legãturã cu prezentul, nici o
urmare asupra prezentului.
Este de asemenea timpul naraţiunii în limba englezã.
Exemple de utilizare comparativã la prezent si la trecut a unor verbe regulate.
to arrive
The train from Sinaia arrives at 7 p.m.
We arrived at the hotel at 3 o’clock.
I cross this street once a day.
I crossed this street yesterday, too.
 41

He usually knocks at the door in this way.

Somebody knocked at my door last night.

TEXT ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ CU STRUCTURI REFERITOARE LA DEFINIŢIA

ŞI PARTICULARITĂŢILE CRIMEI ORGANIZATE

Citiţi şi traduceţi :

Taking into account the social economical changes triggered by transition, and
the continuous growth of delinquency, a specialized organization in counteracting
organized crime has been created in Romania.
The main task of this organization is to deal with the new forms of crime
which have appeared in our country.
As this phenomenon has a great importance and a strong impact on social and
economic life, the Police have focused all its attention and efforts for defeating,
diminishing the negative effects and for fighting all its forms of action.

Cuvinte şi expresii / Words and Phrases

taking into account - luând în considerare

changes triggered by transition - schimbări declanşate de tranziţie
in counteracting organized crime – în contracararea crimei organizate
the Police have focused attention - poliţia şi-a concentrat atenţia

Alcătuiţi propoziţii / fraze cu cuvintele şi expresiile de mai sus.

TEMA NR. 10
 42

LA CUMPĂRĂTURI. MAGAZINE. STRUCTURI LEXICALE SPECIFICE.

GENITIVUL ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ.
TRECUTUL SIMPLU AL VERBELOR NEREGULATE (I)

PREZENTAREA DE TEXTE SPECIFICE ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ CU

DIVERSELE CATEGORII DE MAGAZINE ŞI MĂRFURILE CE SE POT
ACHIZIŢIONA DIN FIECARE;

1./ At the Baker’s / La magazinul cu produse de panificaţie

Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);

Madam Agness (M.Ag.).

S.a.: Good morning. Can I help you ?

M.Ag.: Yes, please. I’d like 2 loaves of bread, some rolls and a rye bread.
S.a : Here you are, Madam Anything else ?
M.Ag.: Yes, I’d also like to buy 10 cracknels.
S.a : Sorry, no cracknels today.
M.Ag.: All right. How much is it?
S.a: 50.000 lei.
M.Ag.: Thank you, good-bye.
S.a.: Good-bye. Come again.

New Words

- 2 loaves of bread – două pâini

- rolls - chifle
- cracknels - covrigi
- gingerbread - turtă dulce
 43

2./ At the Grocer’s / At the Food Store/ La magazinul

alimentar
Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);
Mr. Smith (Mr.S.).

S.a. : Good afternoon. What can I do for you ?

Mr.S.: Well, I’d like to buy a kilo or rice, a kilo of sugar and some freshly
roasted coffee-beans.
S.a. : Here you are. Would you like anything else ?
Mr.S.: Yes, please. A bottle of vegetable / edible oil, 10 eggs and a jar of
strawberry jam.
S.a. : Here you are.

New Words
- rice - orez
- freshly roasted coffee-beans – cafea boabe proaspăt prăjită
- cash-register – casă de marcaj
- a jar of strawberry gem - căpşuni

3./ At the Greengrocer’s / La aprozar

Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);

Mr.John (Mr.J.).
Mr.J.: Excuse me, I’d like some tomatoes and a bunch of bananas.
S.a. : Sorry, no more bananas today.
Mr.J.: Then give me some tangerines instead.
S.a. : Here you are 95.p.
Mr.J.: 95.p. ? That’s a lot of money.
S.a. : You’re right. Tangerines are very expensive this week.

New Words
 44

- tangerines - mandarine
- they don’t look fresh – nu par a fi prospete

At the Butcher’s / La magazinul de carne

Characters: Shop assistant (S.a.);
Mr.Antony (Mr.A.).

S.a.: Good morning. What can I do for you?

Mr.A.: I’d like to buy a joint of beef about 2 pounds.
S.a.: How about this piece ?
Mr.A.: I think it is too fat, I’d like something lean.
I think the loaf over there is just what I need.
S.a. : Yes. Will there be anything else?
Mr.A.: I’d also like to buy one kilogram of mutton and a chicken.
That chicken. Will you weigh it for me, please?
S.a. : Of course.
Mr.A.: And have you got any minced meat ?
S.a. : I’m afraid it’s sold out, Sir.

New Words / Additional Words

- a joint of beef about 2 pounds – o bucată de carne de circa 2 livre
- a kilogram of mutton – 1 kg. de carne de berbec
- lean meat – carne slabă
- it’s sold out – s-a epuizat (cantitativ)
- minced meat – carne tocată
- mutton chops – cotlete din carne de berbec
- beef - carne de vită
- pork – carne de porc
 45

PREZENTAREA FORMELOR DE GENITIV AL LIMBII ENGLEZE:

GENITIVUL SINTETIC, ANALITIC, ŞI GENITIVUL UNITĂŢILOR DE TIMP.

Substantivul în cazul genitiv exprimă în general ideea de posesiune.

Genitivul sintetic (saxon)

Forma de singular
Posesor’s + obiectul posedat
John’s car is red.
The boy’s new shirt.
După ‘s pot apare si persoane (membrii de familie, rude etc.).
Peter’s sister.
Dan’s uncle.
NOTA: Dacă posesorul este un nume terminat în “s”, genitivul sintetic se poate
construi cu ‘s sau doar cu ‘-, dar oricum se scrie, se pronună [ iz ].
Charles’house; Charles’s house.
[‘ t Sa : lz iz]
Genitivul sintetic se utilizează, în general atunci când posesorul este o
persoană.
Există însă şi alte situaţii de utilizare a acestuia:

a./ denumiri geografice sau a unor instituţii:

Exemple: România’s foreign policy;
the school’s programme;

b./ cu substantive colective:

Exemple: our nation’s security;
Town’s monuments

c./ cu compuşii lui some, any, no, every:

Exemple: somebody’s advice;
 46

everyone’s wish – dorinţa fiecăruia

nobody’s fault – vina nimănui

Forma de plural
Posesori’ + obiectul posedat / obiectele posedate
The students’ notebooks;
The players’T - shirts.
Execpţii:
The children’s
The men’s
The women’s
Exemplu:
Women’s Clothing Department.

Genitivul analitic (prepoziţional)

Se formează cu prepoziţia of după obiectul posedat:

Se foloseşte în general cu substantive nume de obiecte.
Exemple:
The door of the room.
The windscreen of the car was broken.
Se mai poate folosi cu nume proprii, în locul genitivului sintetic.
Exemple:
The teacher of Peter.
I am a great fan of Dinamo.
The pictures of Daniel and Smith.

Genitivul eliptic

Este o formă în care lipseşte obiectul posedat, acesta subînţelegându-se prin

simpla enunţare a posesorului.
 47

Se utilizează în două cazuri:

a./ pentru locuinţa cuiva
Exemple: I’m going to my mother’s (house).
b./ pentru prăvălii, firme, restaurante, cluburi.
Exemple: I’ll go to the grocer’s (shop).
She is at the tailor’s (workshop).
I usually have dinner at Sall’s (restaurant).

Genitivul unităţilor de timp

Exemple: today’s newspaper, a year’s work, 2 weeks’ work, yesterday’s news.

TRECUTUL SIMPLU AL VERBELOR NEREGULATE (I); FOLOSIREA

FORMELOR DE TRECUT ÎN CONSTRUCŢII AFIRMATIVE ŞI
INTEROGATIVE;

Propoziţiile afirmative la trecutul simplu (The Past Tense Simple) se formează

folosindu-se forma a doua a verbului. Pentru orice persoană, singular sau plural, în
propoziţiile afirmative verbul va avea aceeaşi formă.

Sb + Vb (la forma a II-a) – pentru toate persoanele

Exemple de conjugare a unui verb neregulat la trecutul simplu:

Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle

To Speak Spoke Spoken

I spoke We spoke
You spoke You spoke
He spoke They spoke
She spoke
 48

To Go Went Gone

I went to the country last Saturday.

They went to the seaside last summer, too.

Lista cu cele mai utilizate verbe neregulate

Infinitiv Trecut Participiul trecut

Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle Traducere

to know knew known a şti / a cunoaşte

to lay laid laid a aşeza / a întinde/a pune
to learn learnt learnt a învăţa / a auzi
to lend lent lent a da cu împrumut
to leave left left a pleca / a părăsi
to lose lost lost a pierde
to make made made a face/ a fabrica
to mean meant meant a însemna / a vrea să
spună, a destina
to meet met met a(se)întâlni / a acoperi / a
cunoaşte (smb.)
to mistake mistook mistaken a greşi / a înţelege greşit
to pay paid paid a plăti, a achita
to put put put a pune / a aşeza
to read read read a citi
to rend rent rent a smulge / a sfâşia
to ride rode ridden a călări / a merge pe
to ring rang rung a suna (la telefon, la
sonerie) / a răsuna
to rise rose risen a răsări / a se scula
 49

to run ran run a alerga / a conduce (o

firmă) / a candida
to say said said a spune / a zice
to see saw seen a vedea / a înţelege
to send sent sent a trimite
to set set set a pune / a fixa / a regla
to shake shook shaken a(se)zgudui, a (se)
cutremura
to show showed shown a (se) arăta
to shoot shot shot a împuşca, a ţâşni
to win won won a câştiga

Utilizarea verbelor neregulate la trecutul simplu în propoziţii interogative

Propoziţiile interogative se alcătuiesc după formula:

Did + Sb + Vb (la infinitiv) - pentru toate persoanele.

Exemple:
Did they leave the town yesterday evening?
Where did you lose your papers ?
What did they say when you told them the truth?

TEMA NR. 11

INTEROGAREA UNUI CETATEAN STRAIN IMPLICAT ÎNTR-O FAPTA

ANTISOCIALA COMISA PE TERITORIUL ROMÂNIEI.
TRECUTUL SIMPLU CU VERBELE NEREGULATE (II)

STRÂNGEREA UNOR INFORMATII REFERITOARE LA PERSOANE

IMPLICATE IN SAVARSIREA UNOR FAPTE ANTISOCIALE.
 50

Read, translate, learn and use the following expressions referring to personal
data of a man who committed a crime on Romania’s territory.
- Surname and forename of the person involved.
- Date and place of birth (village, town / city, county, country)
- Mother’s family name (maiden) name and forename.
- Mention if the civil status of the person involved is rightly established
- Nationality.
- Marital status (married, bachelor / spinster, divorced, widower)
- Place of residence; other residences.
- Qualifications
- Jobs practiced up to the present moment.
- Identity documents / series, number
- Passport / series, number
- Detailed personal / descriptions
- Enclose the fingerprints and different photos if it’s possible.
- Other documents: passport (personal joint), other papers for stateless
people.

DIALOG IN LIMBA ENGLEZA REFERITOR LA IMPLICAREA UNUI

CETATEAN STRAIN INTR-O FAPTA CONTRAVENTIONALA.

Read and translate the following text:

The street patrol made up of police agent Popa Ion, working as a law
enforcement officer for the Slatina Police Department, and two soldiers from the
gendarmerie troops, being on the line of duty on the A.I.Cuza boulevard in Slatina,
was informed that at “Bulevard” restaurant there is a foreign citizen under the
influence of alcohol who is disturbing the public order.
 51

Being asked by the staff of the restaurant to cease the activity in that way, he
refused firmly.
So the patrols goes to the restaurant where the foreign sits at one of the tables.
Police agent: Good afternoon. I’m sergeant Popa Ion, I work for the police,
Slatina town Department. I want you to show me your I.D. if you don’t mind.
The foreign citizen: Good afternoon, non-commissioned officer… But I
haven’t done anything. By mistake, I’ve broken a glass but the I kindly apologized.
The staff of the restaurant must have misunderstood my intentions.
Police agent: Then why did you shout at the people who tried to get you out
of the restaurant?
F.C.: I do consider that the pitch of my voice is insignificant and it couldn’t
trigger either the presence or the investigation of this event by the Police. However
… I think I have repaired my mistake. Would you be so kind to accept my
apologies?
Police agent: I have understood how the action happened, but I insist on your
showing your I.D.
F.C.: He takes his I.D. from a pocket. Here it is, sir. The Police agent takes
the I.D. and looks at it attentively
“What is your surname?”

“My surname is Jack”

“Now tell me your forename”
“My forename is Daniel”
“Date and place of birth?”
th
“July, the 15 , 1948. The place of birth is Folkestone, England.”
Police agent: What are you parents’ Christian names?
F.C.: “Mary and Smith”
Police agent: What is your place of residence?
F.C.: My place of residence is: No 2 Chestnut tree Street, Leeds.
Police agent: “ Do you work? I mean, have you got a stable place of work?”
 52

F.C.: “Yes, of course. I work as a salesman for a big company in my town”

Police agent: And what brings you to Romania? / What did you come to
Romania for?”
F.C.: “I came to Romania on business purposes. Yesterday, walking down the
street, I ran into an old acquaintance of mine. It’s a Romanian business man and we
first had met in London 7 months ago”.
Police agent: “What is his name?”
F.C.: “His name is Popescu Marian and he lives at no 17 Autumn Street. He’s
married and he has two daughters. His wife is a teacher but I don’t remember at what
school she teaches at. As a mother of fact I had been waiting for him before the
incident took place.”
Police agent: “I see. Now, you’ll have to pay for the broken glass and leave
the restaurant. You may wait for your friend outside.”
F.C.: “You know, I only…”
Police agent: “Mr. Daniel you’ve just committed on offence and if you won’t
behave, I’ll punish you according to the low. That means you will pay a fire and if
you don’t pay, well, in this case I will be forced to dr …. Up a written finding
report.”
F.C.: “I’ve got it. I’ll pay for the broken glass and I will leave the restaurant as
so as I have paid.”
Five minutes later, outside the restaurant.
F.C.: “Officer, thank you for being such an understanding man. I owe you a
great debt of gratitude.”
Police agent: “It’s OK. But don’t make a habit out of breaking glasses and
shouting at people in restaurant.”
F.C.: Don’t worry officer. I won’t do again.

TRECUTUL SIMPLU CU VERBELE NEREGULATE ;

PREZENTAREA VERBELOR NEREGULATE (II) ;
UTILIZARE ÎN PROPOZIŢII NEGATIVE.
 53

Tabel cu verbe neregulate frecvent utilizate

Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle Traduceri

to begin began begun a începe
to bend bent bent a (se)îndoi
to blend blent blent a (se) îmbina
to blow blew blown a bate, a sufla
to break broke broken a rupe,
a sparge,
a frământa
to bring brought brought a aduce,
a determina
to burn burnt burnt a arde, a frige
burst burst burst a izbucni,
a exploda
to buy bought bought a cumpăra
to catch caught caught a prinde,
a agăţa
to choose chose chosen a alege
to cleave cleft cleft a despica,
a desface
to deal dealt dealt a se ocupa de
(+ with)
to do did done a face,
a săvârşi
to drink drank drunk a bea,
a toasta(+to)
drive drove driven a conduce
 54

(vehicule)
to eat ate eaten a mânca
to fall fell fallen a cădea,
a se prăbuşi
to feed fed fed a alimenta,
a hrăni
to hide hid hidden a (se) ascunde
to hold held held a ţine,
a menţine
to keep kept kept a păstra,
a deţine
to freeze froze frozen a îngheţa
to give gave given a da
to grow grew grown a creşte,
a cultiva
to hit hit hit a lovi, a nimeri to
hurt hurt hurt a răni
to forget forgot forgotten a uita
to forswear forswore forsworn a nega, a jura strâmb
to wear wore worn a purta(haine)
a îmbrăca
to get got got a obţine,
a primi
a ajunge,
a înţelege

Utilizarea verbelor neregulate la trecutul simplu

în propoziţii negative

Se utilizează formula:
 55

Sb + did not + Vb.(la infinitive scurt) - pentru toate persoanele

Exemple:
Conjugarea verbului to write:
singular plural
I did not write We did not write
You did not write You did not write
He did not write They did not write
She did not write

Formă scurtă
did not - didn’t
He didn’t leave the hotel yesterday.
To take - took - taken

TEMA NR. 12

CONDUCÂND AUTOTURISMUL.
FRAZA DE SUBORDONARE CONDIŢIONALĂ .
TEXT CU VOCABULAR SPECIFIC “DRIVING A CAR” -

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul text:

Read and translate the following text:

When I want to start, I turn the ignition key twice to the right. If the engine
doesn’t start, I ease out the choke a little and try again. This usually does the trick.
Then, I push down the clutch, select the first gear, press the accelerator and off I go.
Straight into the second; after a bit into the third and if traffic allows into the fourth
and into the fifth.
Take care to release the handbrake before leaving !
 56

I have to move the steering wheel to change direction, indicating correctly

where I’m going. Before doing that I press the footbrake gently or rapidly (as the
case may be) to stop or slow down.
I’m not usually tempted to overtake unwisely, to exceed the speed limit or to
drive under the influence of alcohol.
I respect traffic rules, traffic policemen and pedestrian crossings.

Vocabular specific / Specific Vocabulary

I Turn the ignition key twice to the right – răsucesc cheia de contact de
două ori spre dreapta
I ease out the choke - trag şocul
I push down the clutch – calc/apăs ambreiajul
I select the first gear – intru în viteza întâi
Release the handbrake – eliberaţi frâna de mână
Don’t overtake unwisely – nu depăşiţi imprudent
Pedestrian crossings – treceri de pietoni

Reţineţi termenii de vocabular de mai sus şi formaţi propoziţii cu ei.

PREZENTAREA ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ A PRINCIPALELOR PĂRŢI ALE

UNUI AUTOVEHICUL.

THE PARTS OF A CAR

A./ Outside the car

The Bonnet - capota

The Radiator Grill –masca radiatorului
The Bumper – bara de protecţie
The Number Plate – plăcuţa cu numărul de înmatriculare
The Wind Screen - parbrizul
 57

The Traffic Indicator Lights - semnalizatoarele

The Wheels - roţile
The Tyres - cauciucuri
The Exhaust Pipe – ţeavă de eşapament

FRAZA DE SUBORDONARE CONDIŢIONALĂ DE TIPUL I;

EXEMPLE ŞI EXPLICAREA REGULII GRAMATICALE.

Translate into English / Traduceţi în engleză:

a./ Noi vom cumpăra cartea dacă o vom găsi în librărie.

b./ Voi merge în excursie dacă vremea va fi bună.

Traducerea în engleză:
a./ We shall / will buy the book if we find it at the bookshop.
b./ I shall/will go on trip if the weather is fine.

Explicaţie:
Main Clause If-Clause
(Prop.principală) (Prop.subord.condiţională)

I shall/will repair my car if I have time enough

Y will follow if X happens
FUTURE TENSE if PRESENT TENSE

Exerciţiul 1:
Folosind modelul anterior, spuneţi ce veţi face dacă veţi avea timp.
Using the previous model, say what you will do if you have enough time.
a./ I - work in the garden;
b./ I - go to the country.
 58

Model de rezolvare:

a./ I shall / will work in the garden if I have enough time.

b./ I shall / will go to the country if I have enough time.

Exerciţiul 2:
Scrieţi verbele din paranteză la forma corectă:
Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets:

a./ They (phone) you if you (stay) at home.

b./ Mr. Smith (not catch) the plane if he (not arrive) at the airport at 8 o’clock.
c./ If the wind (be) good, he (sail) 200 miles a day.

FRAZA DE SUBORDONARE
CONDIŢIONALĂ DE TIPUL II

Ex.1. Traduceţi în engleză următoarele fraze:

Translate the following sentences into English:
a./ Aş merge la pescuit dacă aş avea timp liber.
b./ Noi am sta în cabană dacă ar bate un vânt puternic.
c./ Dacă nu s-ar trezi târziu, nu ar pierde trenul la fiecare două zile.
d./ Ei ar merge în excursie dacă vremea ar fi bună.

Rezolvare:
a./ I should / I would go fishing if I had any spare time.
b./ We should / would stay in the chalet if a strong wind blew.
c./ If he didn’t get up late, he / would not / wouldn’t miss the train every two
days.
d./ They would go on trip if the weather were fine.

Explicarea modului de formare a frazei condiţionale

 59

de tipul al doilea

* La traducerea din limba română în engleză:

Condiţionalul prezent din propoziţia principală, în limba română, „trece” şi în
limba engleză.
În propoziţia subordonată, în limba engleză, condiţionalul prezent din
principală, impune folosirea trecutului simplu - “The Simple Past Tense”.

NOTĂ: În subordonata condiţională de tipul al II-lea, verbul “be” are o

formă unică pentru toate persoanele: were în limbajul oficial.

Ex. I wish he were there

she - “-
they -“-
we -“-
În vorbirea curentă însă, există tendinţa de a-l înlocui pe “were” cu “was” la
persoana I şi a III-a singular. Tendinţa este mai pregnantă în engleza americană.
Ex.: If I was there, I would talk to her
If she was a teacher, she would work in a school.

Schematic, regula poate fi redată astfel:

MAIN CLAUSE IF - CLAUSE

Ar conduce maşina dacă ar avea permis de conducere.
He/ she would drive the car if he/ she had a driving licence
PRESENT CONDITIONAL IF PAST TENSE SIMPLE
(WOULD + VERB) WERE - for the verb “be
Y would follow IF X happened

** La traducerea din limba engleză în limba română, atât propoziţia principală, cât
şi subordonata condiţională de tipul al II-lea se traduc cu condiţional prezent.
 60

TEMA NR. 13

VORBIND LA TELEFON.
TRECUTUL CONTINUU.

TEXTE SPECIFICE IN LIMBA ENGLEZA CONTINAND STRUCTURI

LEXICALE FOLOSITE INTR-O CONVORBIRE TELEFONICA

Cititi si traduceti urmatoarele dialoguri ce contin expresii tipice utilizate in

convorbirile telefonice:

1. Mr. Smith lifts the receiver and dials 420809

Mr. Johnson : Mayfair, four-two-ah-eight-at nine.
Mr. S. : May/Can I speak to Mr. Johnson, please?
Mr. J. : Speaking
Mr. S. : Good morning. This is Peter Smith speaking, I’ve rung
you up to ask if we could meet tomorrow or the day after
tomorrow.
Mr. J. : Is it about the business with the steel from Sweden?
Mr. S. : Yes, this is what I would like to talk about.
Mr. J. : Well, you see, we could meet and discuss at 9 am
tomorrow. Do you agree with my proposal?
Mr. S. : Yes, of course. See you tomorrow, then. Good-bye, Mr. J.
Mr. J. : Good-bye, Mr. S.

2. Voice : Hello. John Derek is speaking.

Can I speak to Mr. Nelson, please?
Secretary : Hello. Nelson? There is no Nelson here.
I’m afraid you’ve got the wrong number.
 61

Voice : Oh, I’m so sorry.

Secretary : That’s all right

3. If you want to have a phone conversation with a friend of yours who lives in
another town, you’ve got to make a long distance (phone call).
You either ask the operator to connect you, or, if your friend lives in a bigger
town, you may dial the number yourself.
First you must dial the town’s code number where you are calling and then the
subscriber’s number.
If you want to make a local phone call, you first go into the telephone box and
lift the receiver. After you hear the dialing tone, that indicates that nothing is wrong
on the order, you may dial the number you want.

Vocabular specific
- To dial a number – a forma un număr
- To speak on the phone – a vorbi la telefon
- Mr. John is speaking – dl John la telefon
- To ring somebody up – a sun ape cineva
- To make a long distance phone call – a avea o convorbire internaţională
- I’ll put you through – vă voi da legătura
- The line is free / clear – linia este liberă
- The number is engaged – numărul este ocupat
- Your phone is out of order – telefonul dvs. este defect
- You’ve got the wrong number – aţi format un număr greşit
- Telephone directory – carte de telefon
- Pick up the phone, please! – răspunde la telefon, te rog
- Hold the line! – rămâneţi pe fir
- Don’t hang up – nu închideţi
- Extension - (număr) interior
 62

TRECUTUL CONTINUU, SITUAŢII TIPICE DE UTILIZARE.

∗ Completaţi spaţiile libere cu verbe la trecutul continuu:

Fill in the blanks with verbs in the Past Continuous Tense:

a./ Grandfather ..... a newspaper at 12.30 yesterday.

b./ I .... TV at 8 o’clock yesterday evening.

Rezolvare şi explicaţii.
a) Grandfather was reading a newspaper….
b) I was watching TV…

A. Trecutul continuu a fost utilizat în exemplele de mai sus pentru a desemna

o acţiune în curs de desfăşurare într-un moment din trecut (precizat).

∗∗ Completaţi cu verbe la trecutul continuu

a./ We (translate) a text when the bell rang.
b./ Mr.John(live) in the country when he met Mary.
We were translating a text when the bell rang.

B. În aceste exemple trecutul continuu a fost utilizat în contrast cu trecutul

simplu pentru a evidenţia o acţiune cu o durată mai mare de desfăşurare în timp, faţă
de o acţiune de durată scurtă (momentană), pentru care verbul se pune la trecutul
simplu.

C. Trecutul continuu se utilizează împreună cu trecutul simplu pentru a arăta

că ceva s-a întâmplat în cursul desfăşurări unei alte acţiuni.
Exemplu:
Tom burnt his hand when he was cooking dinner.
 63

TEMA NR. 14
DROGURI ŞI STUPEFIANTE. TRAFICUL ILICIT DE DROGURI.

TEXTE CU TERMINOLOGIE SPECIFICĂ LEGATĂ DE DROGURI ŞI

STUPEFIANTE.

Read and translate the following texts:

A massive growth of drug consumption and illicit trade have been noticed
within the last 10 years, not only in Romania but all over the world.
Drug addiction tends to become a social problem in some countries and “drug
problem” has become a worldwide phenomenon.
From a pharmaceutical point of view, a drug represents a vegetal, animal or
mineral substance, used mainly in preparing some medicines or intoxicants.
Intoxicants – are substances that may be used for the inhibition of man’s
nervous centres. Their effect mainly consists in a physical inertia of these nervous
centres.
If they are taken in for a longer period of time, they will surely create
addiction: that means the person who has become a “real user”, has become
dependent and will permanently feel the “need” of taking / having the “usual”
amount or amounts bigger and bigger.
As power of action upon man, there are soft drugs and hard drugs. Hard drugs
are very dangerous. They damage people’s health, create addiction, lead to death.
There has always been made a connection between the consumption of hard drugs
and crime.
The most widely used drugs round the world are:
1. Cannabis
It is maybe the most abused drug within Europe’s borders’ limits. There are
two categories of cannabis: marijuana and hashish.
 64

Marijuana, a.k.a. “grass” is a blend made up of the stem and flower of hashed
hemp. The users smoke it, being incorporated in common cigarettes or in pipe
tobacco.
Hashish is a solid paste round or oval-shaped. It is light or dark brown, so it
can be easily recognized. Hashish may be chewed or sometimes smoked.
The main sources for herbal cannabis are Jamaica and Southern Africa. The
main source for resin cannabis (row hashish) is Pakistan. Belgium, Spain and The
Netherlands are important secondary distribution centres to all the parts of Europe.

2. Opium
It is especially produced in Iran, Iraq, or in the Far East. It appears as a brown
paste, having a sour, bitter taste.
Most of the users smoke it. Some of them prefer opium “improved” with
morphine, which gives a very toxic residue.
Opium may be found as balls, granules, or even powder.

3. Heroine
It is the main artificial derivative of morphine and represents one of the most
dangerous drugs because it creates a strong physical addiction.
It appears as a brown, grey or white powder, according to its quality. The drug
may be injected intravenously or may be breathed in. It has a strong smell of vinegar.
The main cultivation zones are the Golden Crescent and the Golden Triangle
in South East Asia. The main source for European countries remains the Golden
Crescent in South West Asia.
Heroine travels to Europe via Turkey and from there through the Balkans to
Romania, Italy, Austria and Germany. For a person who is not a drug addict, the
lethal dose of heroin is 0.10 grams.

4. Cocaine
 65

Appears as a white brilliant powder with a bitter taste. It brings about a local
anaesthesia under the tongue.
The main cultivation zones are in South America. Outstanding producers are:
Columbia, the biggest one, then Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador. Europe has been targeted
as “market” by the Columbian cartels within the last 10 years. Big quantities of
cocaine have been sent to Europe’s largest parts.
Sometimes the Police were successful. A few years ago officers from
“Narcotics” discovered and captured one tonne from a single seizure in the United
Kingdom. Cocaine may be breathed in or be injected intravenously. The
“connoisseurs” snort it using a spatula of bone or ivory.
Cocaine is not as toxic as heroin is and is less addictive than any other hard
drugs, like “crack”.

Vocabulary.
- addict - dependent
- drug addiction - dependenţă
- intoxicants - stupefiante
- pain-killers - analgezice
- to bring about (a feeling) - a produce ( o senzaţie)
- cocaine may be breathed in - cocaine poate fi prizată
- to snort (sl.) - a priza (argou)
- a spatula of ivory - o spatulă de fildeş
- from a single seizure / to seize – la o singură captură/a captura
- drug trafficker - traficant de droguri

TERMINOLOGIE, STRUCTURI LINGVISTICE SPECIFICE LEGATE DE

TRAFICUL ILICIT DE DROGURI.
 66

Read and translate the following text. Pay attention to the underlined words
and phrases. Use an English – Romanian dictionary.
Heroine costs between three to twenty-five dollars a deck. A deck is a
cellophane packet with a drug in it, sufficient for a single intravenous “shot”.
A twenty-year old girl said: “It costs me over 70 dollars a day to support this
habit when I’m on crisis”. But the “average” for an addict is 25 – 35 dollars a day.
The question is: “How is a teenager who is given 50 cents a day, going to find
at least 25 dollars every day?”
In this way each teenager who takes in drugs / breaks in might become a
dangerous offender
Teen-age muggings, housebreakings, purse snatchings, armed robberies and
auto theft have become a major social problem in New York and Police assert that
one of the reasons that that triggered all these serious offences is drug addiction.
After a twenty-year study on drug trafficking and drug addiction, the
specialists reached the “bitter” conclusion that 80-90 per cent of the drug addicts
hospitalized for specific medical treatment have finally returned to their “habit”.

According to the content of this text, do you find drug addiction a serious
social problem? Argue.

TEMA NR. 15
PREZENTAREA UNOR TERMENI POLIŢIENEŞTI ŞI JURIDICI.
VERBELE MODALE ”CAN” ŞI ”MAY”.

TEXT ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ CU TERMENI

POLIŢIENEŞTI ŞI JURIDICI

Citiţi şi traduceţi următoarele texte. Reţineţi elementele de limbaj poliţienesc

şi juridic întâlnite. Formaţi propoziţii cu aceste elemente.
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1. The defence attorney is cross-examining a witness. When all the evidence

has been seen and heard, the jury will retire and decide whether the defendant is
innocent or guilty.
In the case of a violent crime, they may find him guilty of first degree murder
or willful murder. If the victim’s death was accidental, the defendant may be found
guilty of second degree murder or manslaughter.
If the victim was beaten up rather than killed, the defendant may be guilty of
GBH - grevious bodily harm or, more simply, assault.
The list of violent criminals includes: kidnappers, arsonists, smugglers,
blackmailers, forgers, armed robbers, burglars, pick-pockets, shoplifters and
trespassers.

Vocabular
Folosind dicţionarul traduceţi şi reţineţi următorii termeni cu specific
poliţienesc şi juridic. Alcătuiţi propoziţii cu ei.

Defence attorney – avocatul apărării

Cross-examination – interogatoriu încrucişat
First-degree murder – omor de gradul I (calificat)
Manslaughter – omor din culpă
G.B.H./ grevious bodily harm – vătămare corporală gravă
Arsonists – incendiatori / piromani
Smugglers - contrabandişti
Blackmailers - şantajişti
Robbers - jefuitori
Armed robbers – jefuitori înarmaţi
Burglars - tâlhari
Pick-pockets – hoţi de buzunare (şuţi)
Shoplifters – spărgători de magazine
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Trespassers – violatori de proprietate

Prosecution - acuzarea
Guilty – vinovat (ă)
Crime – crimă, infracţiune
Murder - omor
Minor offence - contravenţie

EXERCIŢII DE VOCABULAR

Ex.1. Potriviţi delicventul din coloana de sus cu definiţiile corespunzătoare

(lit. a –k).
1. an arsonist;
2. an assassin;
3. a deserter;
4. an embezzler;
5. a forger;
6. a fraud or con man;
7. a hooligan;
8. a mugger;
9. a poacher;
10. a racketeer;
11. a smuggler;
12. a terrorist.
a./ tries to enforce his political demands by carrying out or threatening
acts of violence.
b./ pretends or claims to be what he is not.
c./ makes money by dishonest business methods,e.g. by selling
worthless things.
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d./ steals from his own company.

e./ attacks and robs people especially in public places.
f./ sets fire to property.
g./ kills for political reasons or reward.
k./ brings goods into one country from another illegally.
I./ hunts illegally on smb.else’s land.
f./ makes false money or documents.
k./ a soldier who leaves the army without permission.

VERBUL MODAL “CAN”

Acest verb exprima capacitatea fizica sau o capacitate / abilitate intelectuala.

Exemple: I can shoot very well.

He can speak English
We can find out the truth.
Don’t worry! She can solve this case.

Explicatie
La timpul prezent / Simple Present verbul modal “CAN” este intotdeauna
urmat de celalalt verb la infinitivul scurt (fara “to”) si are aceeasi forma de utilizare
pentru toate persoanele.

Structurile interogative de formeaza facand o inversiune intre subiect si verbul

modal “CAN”.

CAN + SB. + Vb.pr. (fara “to”)

Exemple:
Can inspector John catch the thief?
Can you understand this puzzle?
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Can you solve this case?

Can they help us with this case?

În folosirea verbului modal CAN la Trecutul Simplu / Simple Past se pot

folosi doua forme: “could” sau “was / were able to…”, dupa caz.

Exemple:
I could ride a bike when I was 8. – cold exprima capacitatea / abilitatea de a
face un lucru in trecut, in conditii normale.
I was able to climb the peak although the weather was bitterly cold.

Was / were able to + Vb. – se folosesc pentru exprimarea unor abilitati fizice
sau intelectuale, manifestate in trecut in conditii dificile sau chiar ostile.

Alte utilizari:
“CAN”, in structurile interogative, mai poate exprima solicitarea permisiunii,
in registrul familiar al limbii, substituindu-l pe “MAY”.

Exemplu:
Can I use your phone, John? – Pot/ am voie să folosesc telefonul tău, John?
Can I have a glass of water, Pete?

VERBUL MODAL “MAY” – SENSURI, UTILIZARE IN DIVERSE

CONTEXTE

Cea mai des intalnita utilizare a acestui verb modal este aceea de acordare,
solicitare sau neacordare a permisiunii.
La prezent / Simple Present verbul “MAY” are aceleasi reguli si structuri de
utilizare ca si “CAN”.

Exemple:
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You may leave the town tomorrow. – Tu poţi (ai voie) să părăseşti oraşul
mâine.
May I talk to you, chief, for a minute?
You may not park your car here, sir!

Atentie:
You can’t park here; the place is too narrow. – Imposibilitate
You may not park here. It’s a private parking. – Neacordarea permisiunii.

La trecut / Simple Past si la viitor / Future Tense Simple verbul “MAY” este
utilizat numai prin formele sale de inlocuire:
was / were allowed / permitted to
will be allowed / permitted to

Exemple:
The reporters were allowed / permitted to visit the military camp last Monday.
The accused were allowed / permitted to see their families for an hour last
week.

Ex.1. Completaţi spaţiile libere cu CAN, COULD sau BE ABLE TO la forma

corectă:
Fill in the blanks with CAN, COULD or BE ABLE TO in the correct form:

a./ Mr. Green: When John was 6, he.... swim across the swimming pool, and
now he... swim from one end to another/to the other.
b./ Soon, he ....swim a quarter of a mile and then we.... take him out in a
sailing boat quite safely, which we ....... do now.
c./ Mrs.Brown: Yes, I ...quite understand that.
d./ Mr. Green: I ........swim until I was 15.
Children ....learn things much earlier now that when we were children.
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e./ Mrs.Brown: Yes, they certainly .... And their children....learn even earlier, I
suppose.
f./ Mr.Green: Children in the South Sea Islands, babies in fact,...swim before
they ... walk. They live just beside the sea, and it’s always warm. If our babies ....go
into the water at any time of the day, they would soon learn that too.
g./ Mrs. Brown: When....John....enter for swimming races ?
Mr. Green: When he is 11.
h./ Mrs.Brown: And.....he....have diving lesson yet ?
I./ Mr.Green: Yes, he ....always ....dive a little, but now, he ... do it quite well.

Ex. 2. Traduceţi în engleză:

Translate into English:
a./ Ea nu poate vorbi englezeşte.
b./ Puteţi să mă ajutaţi să car aceste bagaje ?
c./ Sunt sigur că noi vom putea prinde hoţii şi afla adevărul.
d./ Pot să împrumut această carte ? Da, poţi !
e./ S-a dus la culcare la ora 8.30 aseară; posibil că era foarte obosit.

TEMA NR. 16
FORMULE DE ADRESARE ŞI SALUT SPECIFICE
ACTIVITĂŢII AGENTULUI DE POLIŢIE RUTIERĂ.

FORMULE DE ADRESARE SPECIFICE ACTIVITĂŢII

AGENTULUI DE POLIŢIE RUTIERĂ.
EXPRESII ŞI STRUCTURI LINGVISTICE UTILIZATE ÎN
SOLUŢIONAREA INCIDENTELOR RUTIERE.

DIALOG CONŢINÂND TERMENI SPECIFICI MUNCII

DE POLIŢIE RUTIERĂ.
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Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul text :

Josie: Let’get the car. Jump in, you two.

Kate: Quick, Josie! Follow that truck!
Josie: Which way did it go?
Sam: It turned left at the traffic lights.
Josie: OK. Can you see it anywhere?
Kate: Yes, look! It's turning right. It's going towards the sea.
Josie: Yes, I see.
Sam: Can't you go any faster, Josie?
Josie: No, I can't. It's dangerous.
Kate: I can see it. It's turned left and it's going past the Heaven Hotel.
Sam: It's going into the park!
Kate: No, it isn't. It's turning left between the hotel and the park.
Josie: OK. Ah yes, it's going straight ahead along Park Street, I think.
Sam: No, it's turning. It's turning right.
Kate: Oh no! The traffic lights are changing. They're red.
Sam: Oh no! We'll lose them.
Josie: Did you see the writing on the side of the truck? What did it say?
Kate: It was a number or a name; Rick something ...
Sam: Look! The lights are turning green. Let’s get going and catch them. They got
into the junction on the read light they, exceeded the speed limit, they didn’t concede
priority. They are already a public danger.

Răspundeţi la următoarele întrebări :

a) What did the two officers follow ?
b) Where did the action take place ?
c) What traffic rules did the truck driver intrude ?
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Relatarea unui eveniment rutier . Terminologie specifică.

Citiţi şi traduceţi următorul text. Folosiţi dicţionarul englez – român.

Memoraţi elementele lexicale englezeşti specifice temei.

The car driven by Dan, a young but experimented driver was heading toward
his home - town. A colleague was accompanying him. "You could give it a little
more gas" he said. "Cool down, fellow", Dan replied. When it's dark and the road is
wet, I always drive at moderate speed. Racing is not my style. Slower is safer. Not
only once have I seen overturned cars on roads or in ditches”. Saying these, Dan
approached the point where the road turned left. There were about 60 - 70 meters left
when suddenly, from the opposite way, a lorry was coming winding across the road.
The lorry was now less than 10 meters, when Dan pressed the brakes and at the some
time turned his car to the left. The lorry had cut crossed his way, skidded and finally
smashed against a tree, across the edge of the road. Dan managed to control his car,
so that he could stop it on the road in a somehow aslant position. Luckily no car was
coming from the other direction.

EXPRESII REFERITOARE LA CONTROLUL RUTIER ŞI CONTRAVENŢII

SAU INFRACŢIUNI RUTIERE.

Citiţi şi reţineţi următoarele expresii :

- Listen to me ! - Ascultaţi-mă!
- No parking ! – Parcare interzisă!
- No turn left / right ! – Interzis viraj stânga / derapta!
- Don’t hoot your horn! – Caxonatul interzis!
- Move along ! – Circulaţi!
- Slow down ! – Reduceţi viteza!
- Switch off the engine please. – Opriţi motorul, vă rog.
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- Please show me the car documents. – Prezentaţi-mi actele maşinii.

- You exceeded the speed limit. – Aţi depăşit limita de viteză.
- You didn’t signal the direction of going. – N-aţi semnalizat direcţia de
deplasare.
- You haven’t conceded priority. – N-aţi acordat prioritate.
- It is forbidden to park here. - Parcarea interzisă.
- Get out of the car, please. – Ieşiţi din maşină, vă rog.
- Sorry, but you can’t go that way. – Îmi pare rău dar nu vă puteţi deplasa în
direcţia aceea.
- Would you move your vehicle from here ? - Vreţi să vă mutaţi vehiculul
de aici?
- Remove your car or it will be towed away . – Luaţi maşina sau vă va fi
remorcată.
- Have you been drinking? You must be breathalysed. – Aţi băut ? Trebuie
să vă testez alcoolemia.
- Take a deep breath and blow until I tell you to stop. – Inspiraţi adânc şi
suflaţi până când vă spun eu să încetaţi.
- There result of the test is negative. You may go. - Rzultatul testului este
negative. Puteţi pleca.
- Please, may I see your driving licence, your car insurance certificate and
the car registration document. – Vă rog, să-mi prezentaţi permisul de
conducere, poliţa de asigurare şi certificatul de înmatriculare.
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BIBLIOGRAFIE

1. Gălăţeanu - - Exerciţii de gramatică engleză, Fârnoagă G.

Editura OMEGAPRESS, Buc., 1994.

2. Gălăţeanu - - Gramatica limbii engleze, Editura

Fârnoagă G. OMEGAPRESS, Bucureşti, 1992.
Comişel Ecaterina

3. Gruia George - English Grammar and Lexical Exercises.

Bucureşti, Edit. Grupus,2000

4. Leviţchi Leon - Gramatica limbii engleze, Editura TEORA,

Bucureşti, 1995.
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5. Popp Maxim - Engleza vorbită - cuvinte şi expresii de uz

curent,Editura SPORT-TURISM, Bucureşti, 1978.

6. Virgiliu Ştefănescu-Drăgăneşti - Curs rapid de limba engleză.

Ed. Românul, Bucureşti, 1992.

7. Virgiliu Ştefănescu-Drăgăneşti şi colab – Limba engleză Curs Practic.

Vol. II Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică , Bucureşti, 1977.

8. Vollaire Claude - Gramatica limbii engleze cu exerciţii.

Edit. TEORA, Bucureşti, 1997.

9. x x x - Dicţionar Englez – Român;

Dicţionar Român - Englez