REDACğIA REVISTEI
„CARTOFUL ÎN ROMÂNIA”
Institutul NaĠional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru
Cartof úi Sfeclă de Zahăr Braúov
Adresa: 550470 Braúov, str. Fundăturii nr.2
Tel. 0268-476795, Fax 0268-476608
E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Web: www.potato.ro
Colectivul de redacĠie: Dr.ing. Sorin CHIRU
Dr.ing. Victor DONESCU
Dr.ing Mihaela CIOLOCA
Ing. Gheorghe OLTEANU
Ing. Adrian GHINEA
FederaĠia NaĠională Cartoful din România
Adresa: Braúov, Str. Fundăturii nr 2, cod 500470, România,
Tel:+40/0268/476795, Fax +40/0268/476608, E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Adresa de corespondenĠă: Loc. Fântâna nr.1 (Hoghiz) Jude‫܊‬ul Braúov,
cod 507099, România, Mobil: +40/0745/115555, Tel: +40/0268/286213,
E-mail: gbotoman@agroprospect.ro
Cod fiscal: 773969. Cont: RO05RZBR0000060000739734
Web: www.potato.ro/ro/fncr.php
Preúedinte: Dr. Gheorghe BO‫܉‬OMAN
Volum apĆrut cu ocazia Simpozionului NaĦional
„Ziua Verde a Cartofului” ediĦia 37-a
3 iulie 2014, JudeĦul Braüov
„Filiera cartofului de la materie primĆ la valorificare”
Operare úi tehnoredactare computerizată
Institutul NaĠional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru
Cartof úi Sfeclă de Zahăr Braúov
ISSN 1583-1655
CARTOFUL
în România
PublicaĦie de informare tehnicĆ pentru cultivatorii de cartof
Volumul 23 Nr. 1 2014
CUPRINS
Cercetarea útiinĠifică aplicativă la cartof
„CARTOFUL, banalitate sau miracol ?”
SIMPOZIONUL „ ZIUA VERDE A CARTOFULUI” – 2014
- SituaĠia actuală a agriculturii judeĠului Braúov
- Starea fitosanitară a principalelor culturi agricole din judeĠul Braúov
- Prezentarea firmei MANOS AGRO
- Prezentarea firmei Intersnack România
OFERTA CERCETĂRII
- BRAùOVIA – Nou soi de cartof creat la I.N.C.D.C.S.Z. Braúov
- EvoluĠia situaĠiei virotice la cartoful pentru sămânĠă úi preocupările în
domeniul reducerii infecĠilor
- PrezenĠa manei cartofului în câmp úi depozit
- Recomandări privind aplicarea erbicidelor la cultura cartofului
- Altfel despre gândacul din Colorado
- Viermii sârmă, dăunători vechi - probleme noi
- Identificarea de noi genotipuri tolerante la stresul hidric, prin tehnici
de cultivare in vitro
- Cartoful – produs agro-alimentar nelipsit din dieta omului modern.
Beneficiile utilizării unor preparate din cartof
- ImportanĠa cartofului cu conĠinut ridicat de antociani asupra stării de
sănătate úi calităĠii vieĠii
- ImportanĠa conservării in vitro a cartofului
RUBRICA SPECIALISTULUI
- Rezultate privind calitatea culinară úi pretabilitatea la industrializare la
sortimentul de soiuri din lotul demonstrativ de cartof 2013 – SC HIBRIDUL
Hărman, jud. Braúov
- Managementul azotului la cultura de cartof
- Eficacitatea tehnologiilor Cheminova pentru cultura cartofului în condiĠiile
ecologice de la SCDC M. Ciuc în perioada 2011 – 2013
INFORMAğII UTILE
- Date statistice privind situaĠia cartofului pentru sămânĠă 2014
INSTITUTUL NAŢIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE
PENTRU CARTOF ŞI SFECLĂ DE ZAHĂR BRAŞOV

Vă oferim:
Soiuri noi de cartof adaptate condiţiilor specifice din
România
Material de plantare de calitate din verigi biologice
superioare
Trehnologii moderne de cultivare a cartofului şi
sfeclei de zahăr
Material seminc ier de calitate pentru culturile
cerealiere (grâu, orz, triticale)
Material biologic selecţionat pentru crescătorii de
animale (vaci şi curci)
Instruiri pentru cultivatorii de cartof şi sfeclă de zahăr
Câmpuri şi loturi demonstrative cu soiuri româneşti
şi străine

SERVICIILE NOASTRE –
CHEIA SUCCESULUI DUMNEAVOASTRĂ !

500470 Braşov, str. Fundăturii nr.2

Tel. 0268-476795, Fax 0268-476608
E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Web: www.potato.ro
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014


&HUFHWDUHDúWLLQĠLILFăDSOLFDWLYăODFDUWRI

6RULQ&ODXGLDQ&KLUX
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

&RPSOH[XO GH IDFWRUL QDWXUDOL úL HFRQRPLFL GLQ XOWLPLL DQL
GHWHUPLQă R FUHúWHUH FRQWLQXă D GLILFXOWăĠLORU WHKQLFH vQ SURGXFĠLD GH
FDUWRI
6ROLFLWăULOHFXOWLYDWRULORUGHFDUWRIDGUHVDWHFHUFHWăULLVXQWWRWPDL
GLYHUVLILFDWH úL VXQW FRUHODWH DWkW FX GHVWLQDĠLD SURGXFĠLHL FRQVXP vQ
VWDUH SURDVSăWă SURFHVDUH LQGXVWULDOă FRPHUĠ LQWUDFRPXQLWDU úL
H[WUDFRPXQLWDU SURGXFHUH GH VăPkQĠă FkW úL FX QRLOH SURYRFăUL
GHWHUPLQDWHGHVFKLPEăULOHFOLPDWLFH
ÌQDFHVWFRQWH[WFHUFHWDUHDúWLLQĠLILFăFXFDUDFWHUDSOLFDWLYGHYLQH
RSULRULWDWHúLSHQWUXĠDUDQRDVWUăFXDWkWPDLPXOWFXFkWúLSUHYHGHULOH
QRLL SROLWLFL FRPXQLWDUH 3$& SHQWUX SHULRDGD  VWLSXOHD]ă
DVLJXUDUHDXQRUIRQGXUL GHFFDPLOLDUGHHXURvQ H[FOXVLYLWDWHSHQWUX
DFHVWWLSGHFHUFHWDUH
(VWHRUHDOLWDWHFăSURGXFĠLDGHFDUWRIWUHEXLHVăVHDGDSWH]HvQ
SHUPDQHQĠăODQRLFRQGLĠLL3URGXFăWRULLDXRVHULHGHSUREOHPHFHGHULYă
GLQ D UăVSXQGH VROLFLWăULORU XQHL SLHĠH GLQDPLFH vQ FRQWLQXă VFKLPEDUH
GLQQHFHVLWDWHDGHDSURGXFHWXEHUFXOLFXREXQăFDOLWDWHVDQLWDUăúLFDUH
VăOHFRQIHUHFDOLWDWHDLQRFXLWăĠLLDOLPHQWDUHGLQFDX]DDSDULĠLHLDQRLEROL
úL GăXQăWRUL vQ FRQGLĠLL PHWHRURORJLFH GH PXOWH RUL LPSUHYL]LELOH úL WRDWH
DFHVWHD FRUHODWH úL FX QRL úL WRW PDL VHYHUH FHULQĠH GH SURWHFĠLD D
PHGLXOXLvQFRQMXUăWRU
3HQWUX D SXWHD UăVSXQGH OD DFHDVWă PXOWLWXGLQH GH SUHRFXSăUL
DOHSULQFLSDOLORUDFWRULLPSOLFDĠLvQSURGXFĠLDFDUWRIXOXLFHUFHWDUHDODFDUWRI
GHWLSDSOLFDWLYWUHEXLHRULHQWDWăúLHIHFWXDWăSHXUPăWRDUHOHGLUHFĠLL

$ (ODERUDUHDGHVLVWHPHGHSURGXFĠLHFXFDUDFWHULQRYDWLY
úLIRDUWHSURWHFWLYHIDĠăGHPHGLXOvQFRQMXUăWRU
$FHVWH VLVWHPH WUHEXLH Vă SXQă OD GLVSR]LĠLD SURGXFăWRULORU GH
FDUWRI QRL PHWRGH úL WHKQLFL FXOWXUDOH FDUH SăVWUkQG VDX FKLDU
vPEXQăWăĠLQG SHUIRUPDQĠHOH FXOWXULL Vă UHVSHFWH vQ JUDG WRW PDL vQDOW úL
QHFHVLWDWHDSURWHMăULLPHGLXOXL ÌQ DFHVWFDGUX RSULPăGLUHFĠLHDUILFHD
GHDUDĠLRQDOL]DúLRSWLPL]DDOHJHUHDúLXWLOL]DUHDHFKLSDPHQWHORUDJULFROH
vQ VSHFLDO vQ UDSRUW FX WDVDUHD WHUHQXULORU DFLGLILHUHD úL IHQRPHQHOH GH
HUR]LXQH 2 DWHQĠLH VSRULWă WUHEXLH DFRUGDWă úL XQRU QRL DERUGăUL SULYLQG

1
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

XWLOL]DUHD DJULFXOWXULL GH SUHFL]LH SUHFXP úL FHD SULYLQG GLIHULWHOH WHKQLFL
PHFDQLFHVDXFKLPLFHGHGLVWUXJHUHDYUHMLORU
2 SUHRFXSDUH PRGHUQă SULYHúWH úL XWLOL]DUHD FkW PDL UDĠLRQDOă D
LQSXWXULORU úL vQ SULPXO UkQG PRGXO vQ FDUH GLIHULWHOH VRLXUL FXOWLYDWH
YDORULILFăDWkWD]RWXOFkWúLDSD7UHEXLHHODERUDWHSHED]DXQRUDVWIHOGH
FHUFHWăULUHFRPDQGăULGLIHUHQĠLDWH SHVRLXULFDUH YRUDYHDúLXQ SXWHUQLF
LPSDFWHFRQRPLFDVXSUDIHUPLHUXOXL
ÌQ DFHODúL WLPS DFWLYLWDWHD GH FUHDĠLH YDULHWDOă WUHEXLH Vă VH
GLULMH]HVSUHREĠLQHUHDXQRUJHQRWLSXULQRLFDUHVăYDORULILFHODPD[LPXP
DWkW vQJUăúăPLQWHOH DSOLFDWH OD VRO VDX IROLDUH FkW Vă HOLPLQH FRQVXPXO
H[DJHUDW GH DSă SULQ LULJDUH PDL DOHV vQ VLWXDĠLD DFWXDOă FkQG
SUHRFXSăULOH IDFWRULORU GH GHFL]LH VH vQGUHDSWă VSUH GLPLQXDUHD
FRQVXPXOXLGHDSăvQDJULFXOWXUăDFHDVWDúLFDXUPDUHDXQRUSROLWLFLGH
OLPLWDUHDGUHSWXOXLGHDXWLOL]DDSDODLULJDĠLL
9RU IL DERUGDWH úL FHUFHWăUL SULYLQG WRDWH DVSHFWHOH SULYLQG DWkW
VXSRUWXO JHQHWLF FkW úL FXOWXUDO vQ OXSWD FX EROLOH FDUWRIXOXL úL vQ VSHFLDO
FHOHGHFDUDQWLQăClavibacter şi Rostochiensis
ÌQ FDGUXO XQHL UDĠLRQDOL]ăUL D FRQVXPXOXL GH SHVWLFLGH VH YRU
XUPăUL úL HODERUDUHD GH QRL VFKHPH GH FRQWURO vQ IXQFĠLH úL GH QRLOH
PROHFXOHFUHDWHGHILUPHOHGLQGRPHQLX
6H YD GH]YROWD úL FHUFHWDUHD SHQWUX HODERUDUHD  XQHL PHWRGH
DOWHUQDWLYH GH FRPEDWHUH D PDQHL OD FDUWRI DFHDVWD úL SULQ LQWHJUDUHD
XQRU SURJUDPH GH DYHUWL]DUH SHUIRUPDQWH &RQWUROXO DILGHORU úL
JkQGDFXOXLGLQ&RORUDGRVHYDIDFHSHQRLVFKHPHGHLQWHUYHQĠLHLQFOXVLY
SULQUHODQVDUHDVLVWHPXOXLGHFRPEDWHUHELRORJLFă

% 5HODQVDUHDXQRUSURGXFĠLLGHFDOLWDWHVROLFLWDWHGHSLDĠă
úLGHSURFHVDWRUL
7UHEXLH GH]YROWDWH FHUFHWăUL DSOLFDWLYH GH WLSXO SXEOLFSULYDW
SHQWUXUHDOL]DUHDFXOWXULORUFRPSDUDWLYHGHVRLXULúLSHQWUXRPRORJDUHDúL
EUHYHWDUHD QRLORU FUHDĠLL 'DWHOH WHKQLFH úL úWLLQĠLILFH REĠLQXWH VH SRW
FRQVWLWXL vQWUR ED]ă GH GDWH FDUH Vă SRDWă IL DFFHVDWH SH VLWHXO
LQVWLWXWXOXLúLDO)1&53HQWUXSHULRDGDGHSăVWUDUHvQYHGHUHDUHGXFHULL
SLHUGHULORU VH YRU UHDFWXDOL]D FHUFHWăULOH SULYLQG XWLOL]DUHD XOHLXULORU
HVHQĠLDOH GLQ SODQWH H[ PHQWD úL GH XWLOL]DUH D HWLOHQHL SUHFXP úL D
LQKLELWRULORU GH vQFROĠLUH SHQWUX WXEHUFXOLL GHVWLQDĠL FRQVXPXOXL vQ VWDUH
SURDVSăWă
7RWvQVLVWHPSXEOLFSULYDWYRUWUHEXLDERUGDWHúLSUREOHPHSULYLQG
UHDOL]DUHD XQRU VHUYLFLL GH H[SHUWL]ă SHQWUX FDOLWDWHD FXOLQDUă GLQ PDULOH

2
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

lanĠuri de magazine, precum úi de utilizarea eficientă a echipamentelor

de păstrare, condiĠionare úi ambalare.

C) Programe de pregătire úi formare a specialiútilor úi

tehnicienilor implicaĠi în lanĠul cartofului.
Pentru a contribui la progresul tehnic al producĠiei de cartof este
necesară o colaborare tripartită „FNC-R” – MADR – INCDCSZ Braúov
prin care activitatea de instruire tehnică úi útiinĠifică să se poată realiza
pentru fermieri, procesatori úi în acelaúi timp úi realizarea unui progres la
nivelul transferului de cunoútinĠe úi a gradului de comunicare.
Prevederile noului PNDR úi a programului Orizont 2020, cu
referiri clare la aspectele de cercetare aplicativă, creează un cadru
prielnic pentru perioada 2015-2020 de a realiza aceste cercetări de tip
aplicativ cu caracter pragmatic ale căror efecte se vor regăsi în toată
filiera cartofului.

3
4
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&$572)8/EDQDOLWDWHVDXPLUDFRO"´

*KHRUJKH%RĠRPDQ
3UHúHGLQWH)1&5

7LWOXO HGLWRULDOXOXL DSDUĠLQH XQHL OXFUăUL D UHJUHWDWXOXL 'U 7LWXV
&DWHOO\ XQ SDVLRQDW FHUFHWăWRU úL LXELWRU DO DFHVWHL SODQWH IHUPHFăWRDUH
FDUH GLUHFW VDX LQGLUHFW vQ GHFXUVXO WLPSXOXL D LQIOXHQĠDW FRQVLGHUDELO
vQIORULUHDVDXSUăEXúLUHDHFRQRPLFăDXQRUUHJLXQLDOHJOREXOXL
5RPkQLD DUH R WUDGLĠLH vQGHOXQJDWă vQ FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL DUH
UHJLXQL IDYRUDELOH GH FXOWXUă úL vQFă PDL GLVSXQH GH QLúWH QHEXQL
IUXPRúL´ ILH HL FHUFHWăWRUL VDX IHUPLHUL FDUH VXQW OHJDĠL VXIOHWHúWH GH
FDUWRI úL IRDUWH JUHX UHQXQĠă OD HO 6SXQ FX PDUH PkQGULH Fă úL HX VXQW
XQXO GLQWUH HL úL DVWD PD GHWHUPLQDW Vă DFFHSW SURSXQHUHD DFHVWRU
vQGUăJRVWL‫܊‬LGHFDUWRIVăSUHLDXIUkLHOH)1&5
3HQWUX FD URPkQLL Vă SRDWă SXQH SH PDVă FDUWRIL VăQăWRúL
JXVWRúL úL OD SUHĠXUL UH]RQDELOH PHPEULL )1&5 WUHEXLH Vă ILH DVFXOWDĠL
DMXWDĠLúLSURWHMDĠLGHFăWUHJXYHUQDQĠLvQFHOPDLVFXUWWLPS
&HQHGRDUHSHQRLFHUFHWăWRULúLFXOWLYDWRULGHFDUWRIVXQWOXFUXUL
GHEXQVLPĠFDUHvQWURHFRQRPLHQRUPDOăWUHEXLHLPSOHPHQWDWHXUJHQW
DVWIHO vQFkW IHUPLHUXO URPkQ Vă ILH SH SLFLRU GH HJDOLWDWH FX FHO SRORQH]
JHUPDQVDXIUDQFH]
 &HUHP VWRSDUHD LPSRUWXULORU LOHJDOH GH FDUWRI DYkQG vQ
YHGHUHFăSHVWHGLQFDQWLWDWHDGHFDUWRIFRPHUFLDOL]DWăvQ5RPkQLD
VH IDFH IăUă GRFXPHQWH ILVFDOH LDU SLHUGHULOH UHDOH DOH VWDWXOXL DMXQJ OD
FLIUHXULDúHFFDOHLDQ2PăVXUăFODUăSH FDUHRVROLFLWăP
XUJHQWHVWHUHGXFHUHD79$ODFDUWRISkQăODYDORDUHDGH
 3URGXFHUHD FDUWRIXOXL SHQWUX VăPkQĠă QHFHVLWă FRVWXUL IRDUWH
ULGLFDWHGHDSURDSHOHLNJSHQWUXPDWHULDOXOFORQDOúLGHSHVWHOHLNJ
ODFODVD$FHUWLILFDWă)DĠăGHXQQHFHVDUDQXDOGHGHKHFWDUHORWXUL
VHPLQFHUH úL PDWHULDO FORQDO FRQVLGHUkQG UHvQQRLUHD PDWHULDOXOXL GH
SODQWDW R GDWă OD  DQL VXSUDIHĠHOH DFWXDOH VXQW GH  RUL PDL PLFL
6ROLFLWăP XQ DMXWRU ILQDQFLDU VXSOLPHQWDU SHQWUX SURGXFHUHD úL
PXOWLSOLFDUHDFDUWRIXOXLGHVăPkQĠăIăUăGHFDUHFXOWXUDFDUWRIXOXLGH
VăPkQĠă vQ PRG GLUHFW úL D FHOXL GH FRQVXP LPSOLFLW GHYLQH QHUHQWDELOă
FXFRQVHFLQĠHVRFLDOHJUDYHODQLYHOQDĠLRQDO
'DFă GROHDQĠHOH QRDVWUH YRU IL vQGHSOLQLWH IHUPLHULL URPkQL SRW
DVLJXUD GLQ SURGXFĠLH SURSULH FHOH FFD  WRQH FkW FRQVXPă
5RPkQLDvQWUXQDQúLFKLDUSXWHPGHYHQLH[SRUWDWRULGHFDUWRIvQ(XURSD
LDU FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL SRDWH Vă ILH XQ PLUDFRO´ DO DJULFXOWXULL 5RPkQLHL
0LFD GLVWDQĠă GLQWUH EDQDOLWDWH úL PLUDFRO´ HVWH vQ PkQD JXYHUQDQĠLORU
QRúWULGHODFDUHDúWHSWăPVSULMLQXUJHQW

5
6
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

SIMPOZIONUL NAŢIONAL
„ ZIUA VERDE A CARTOFULUI” - 2014

6LWXDĠLDDFWXDOăDDJULFXOWXULL
MXGHĠXOXL%UDúRY


*DEULHO,RDQ3RWFRYDUX
'LUHFĠLDSHQWUX$JULFXOWXUă
DMXGHĠXOXL%UDúRY

$úH]DUHDJHRJUDILFă
-XGHĠXO%UDúRYHVWHVLWXDWvQSDUWHDFHQWUDOăHVWLFăDĠăULLSHFXUVXO
PLMORFLX DO 2OWXOXL vQ LQWHULRUXO DUFXOXL &DUSDWLF ILLQG PăUJLQLW OD HVW
GH0XQĠLL&LXFDúXOXLODVXGGHPXQĠLL3LDWUD0DUH%XFHJL3LDWUD&UDLXOXL
úL PDVLYXO )ăJăUDú FHL PDL vQDOĠL PXQĠL GLQ ĠDUă LDU vQ SDUWHD QRUG ±
HVWLFăGHPXQĠLL%DUDROWúLUHVSHFWLYGHSUHVLXQHDGLQWUH2OWúL7kUQDYH
$IOkQGXVH OD vQWkOQLUHD &DUSDĠLORU 2ULHQWDOL FX &DUSDĠLL 0HULGLRQDOL
MXGHĠXO%UDúRYGLVSXQHGHXQUHOLHIGHRVHELWGHYDULDW
(OFXSULQGHR]RQăGHSUHVLRQDUăFXDVSHFWGHFkPSLHSUHPRQWDQă
FFD  GLQ VXSUDIDĠD MXGHĠXOXL IRUPDWă GLQ GHSUHVLXQHD %kUVHL
R SDUWH GLQ GHSUHVLXQHD )ăJăUDúXOXL PDVLYHOH PXQWRDVH &LXFDú
3LDWUD 0DUH %XFHJL )ăJăUDú 3HUúDQL FDUH RFXSă FLUFD  
GLQVXSUDIDĠDWRWDOăDDFHVWXLDúLRSDUWHGLQ3RGLúXO+kUWLEDFLXOXL

ÌQWLQV SH R VXSUDIDĠă GH  NP  GHĠLQkQG   GLQ VXSUDIDĠD
ĠăULL MXGHĠXO GLVSXQH GH R UHĠHD KLGURJUDILFă UHODWLY ERJDWă
'DWRULWă IDSWXOXL Fă HVWH R ]RQă vQ PDUH PăVXUă PXQWRDVă
DSHOH FH R VWUăEDW DX XQ GHELW PLF $SURDSH vQWUHJXO WHULWRULX
VH vQFDGUHD]ă vQ ED]LQXO KLGURJUDILF VXSHULRU DO 2OWXOXL FDUH VWUăEDWH
MXGHĠXO%UDúRYSHRGLVWDQĠăGHDSUR[LPDWLYNP
-XGHĠXO%UDúRYDUHRVXSUDIDĠDWRWDOăGHKDúLRSRSXODĠLH
WRWDOăGHORFXLWRULGLQFDUH
¾ vQPHGLXOXUEDQORF
¾ vQPHGLXOUXUDOORF

7
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

$JULFXOWXUDMXGHĠXOXL
$JULFXOWXUD UHSUH]LQWă R UDPXUă LPSRUWDQWă GLQ HFRQRPLD
MXGHĠXOXL XUPăULQGXVH VWRSDUHD GHFOLQXOXL úL UHODQVDUHD SURGXFĠLHL
DJULFROHvQFRQFRUGDQĠăFXSRWHQĠLDOXOQDWXUDOHFRQRPLFúLXPDQGHFDUH
GLVSXQHP
6LWXDW vQ FHQWUXO JHRJUDILF DO ĠăULL MXGHĠXO %UDúRY HVWH XQXO
GLQ MXGHĠHOH FX VXSUDIDĠă UHGXVă FDUDFWHUL]DW SULQWUR FOLPă UHFH
úL XPHGă FX XQ vQYHOLú GH VROXUL FRPSOH[H GDU PDL VODEH GLQ SXQFW
GH YHGHUH FDOLWDWLY FDUH QX SHUPLW REĠLQHUHD vQWUHJXOXL VRUWLPHQW
GHSURGXVHDJULFROHQHFHVDUHFRQVXPXOXLSRSXODĠLHL
ÌQ FHOH SHVWH  GH JRVSRGăULL SULYDWH GLQ MXGHĠ IRUĠD
GH PXQFă HVWH IRUPDWă vQ FHD PDL PDUH SDUWH GLQ PHPEULL IDPLOLLORU
ĠăUăQHúWL DSHOkQGXVH úL OD IRUĠD GH PXQFă GLQ DIDUD JRVSRGăULHL
vQSHULRDGDGHUHFROWDUHDSURGXFĠLHL
$SUR[LPDWLY  GLQ SRSXODĠLD MXGHĠXOXL SUDFWLFă DJULFXOWXUD
XQLLFDRFXSDĠLHGHED]ăLDUDOĠLLFDRFXSDĠLHVHFXQGDUă
 3RWHQĠLDOXODJULFRODOMXGHĠXOXL%UDúRYHVWHXUPăWRUXO

GLQFDUH
6HFWRUSULYDW 6HFWRUGHVWDW
'HQXPLUH 7RWDO GLQFDUH GLQFDUH
7RWDO *RVSRGăULL 7RWDO
&HUFHWDUH
SRSXODĠLH
6XSUDIDĠDDJULFROă     
D3DWULPRQLXYLWLFRO     
E3DWULPRQLXSRPLFRO     
F$UEXúWLIUXFWLIHUL     
G3DMLúWLQDWXUDOHGF     
SăúXQLQDWXUDOH     
IkQHĠHQDWXUDOH     
H6XSUDIDĠDDUDELOă     

ÌQFDGUDUHD VROXULORU SH FDWHJRULL GH IRORVLQĠă úL FODVH GH
SUHWDELOLWDWHHVWHXUPăWRDUHD

&DWHJRULDGH 6XSUDIDĠD &ODVDGHIHUWLOLWDWH
IRORVLQĠă KD , ,, ,,, ,9 9
6XSUDIDĠD      
DJULFROăWRWDOă
FODVH      


8
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

6XSUDIHĠHOHDJULFROHFXVROXULIHUWLOHFODVD,úL,,DXRSRQGHUH

H[WUHP GH PLFă HOH GHĠLQkQG GRDU   GLQ VXSUDIDĠD DJULFROă
DMXGHĠXOXL

6(&7258/9(*(7$/


&RQVWLWXLHFRPSRQHQWDGHED]ăDDJULFXOWXULLMXGHĠXOXLILLQGVXUVD
SURGXVHORU XWLOL]DWH vQ DOLPHQWDĠLD XPDQă VXSRUW SHQWUX SURGXFĠLD
DQLPDOLHUă VXUVD GH SURGXVH GHVWLQDWH H[SRUWXOXL PDWHULH SULPă SHQWUX
LQGXVWULD DOLPHQWDUă FkW úL XQ IDFWRU FDUH FRQWULEXLH OD FUHDUHD XQXL
PHGLXDPELDQWQDWXUDOSOăFXW
6WUDWHJLD GH GH]YROWDUH D VHFWRUXOXL YHJHWDO DUH vQ YHGHUH
FUHúWHUHDFDQWLWDWLYăFDOLWDWLYăúLHILFLHQWăDSURGXFĠLHL
&XOWXULOHFXWUDGLĠLHSHQWUXMXGHĠXO%UDúRYúLFDUHJăVHVFFRQGLĠLL
SHGRFOLPDWLFHIDYRUDELOHVXQW
 FDUWRIXORFXSăGLQVXSUDIDĠDDUDELOă
 VIHFODGH]DKăURFXSăGLQVXSUDIDĠDDUDELOă
 SODQWHOHIXUDMHUHRFXSăGLQVXSUDIDĠDDUDELOă
 SRUXPEXOERDEHRFXSăGLQVXSUDIDĠDDUDELOă
&HUHDOHOHSăLRDVHGHĠLQFFDGLQVXSUDIDĠDDUDELOăDMXGHĠXOXL
úLVXQWEXQHSUHPHUJăWRDUHSHQWUXFXOWXULOHGHED]ă
'LQ SăFDWH VXSUDIHĠHOH QHFXOWLYDWH FUHVF GH OD XQ DQ OD DOWXO
UHSUH]HQWkQGvQDFHVWDQFFDGLQDUDELO
,&DUWRIXOVXSUDISURGQHFHVDUvQSHULRDGD±


(VWH XQD GLQWUH SULQFLSDOHOH FXOWXUL DOH MXGHĠXOXL VLWXkQGXVH SH

ORFXO DO GRLOHD GXSă JUkX FD VXSUDIDĠă FHHD FH GHPRQVWUHD]ă UROXO
DFHVWXLDvQDOLPHQWDĠLH
6XSUDIHĠHOH FXOWLYDWH FX FDUWRIL vQ MXGHĠXO %UDúRY VDX UHGXV
DQ GH DQ 6XSUDIDĠD FXOWLYDWă VH UHJăVHúWH vQ SURSRUĠLH GH FLUFD  
vQ H[SORDĠLLOH PLFL GH WLS IDPLOLDO XQGH VXSUDIHĠHOH FXOWLYDWH VXQW PLFL
LDUSURGXFĠLDVHVLWXHD]ăVXESRWHQĠLDOXOGHSURGXFĠLHDOMXGHĠXOXL
&X WRDWH QHFD]XULOH FX FDUH VDX FRQIUXQWDW vQ XOWLPLL DQL
SURGXFăWRULLGHFDUWRILMXGHĠXOQRVWUXGLVSXQHDQXDOGHPLLWRQH
GHFDUWRILSHQWUXSLHĠHOHDOWRUMXGHĠHúLSHQWUXLQGXVWULDOL]DUH
$FWXDOPHQWH vQ MXGHĠ H[LVWă SRVLELOLWDWHD SUHOXFUăULL FDUWRIXOXL
VXE IRUPă GH IXOJL VDX VQDFNVXUL SHQWUX FRQVXP DOLPHQWDU GDU XQLWăĠLOH
GHSUHOXFUDUHH[LVWHQWHQXDVLJXUăSUHOXFUDUHDvQWUHJLLFDQWLWăĠLH[LVWHQWH

9
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

6SHFLILFDUH     

6XSUDIDĠDKD     
3URGXFĠLDPHGLHNJKD     
3URGXFĠLDWRWDOă±7R     
1(&(6$5727$/
    
-8'(ğ72
GLQFDUH
    
&RQVXPSRSXODĠLHWR
1HFHVDUVăPkQĠăWR     
,QGXVWULDOL]DUHWR     
&RQVXPDQLPDOH
    
FDUWRILVXEVWDVa
([FHGHQWGHILFLWWR     

3RWHQĠLDOXOúLUHVXUVHOHFHSRWILSXVHvQYDORDUHGDXSRVLELOLWDWHD
DWLQJHULL XQHL SURGXFĠLL WRWDOH GH FFD  ±  UHVSHFWLY R
SURGXFĠLH PHGLH GH  WRKD 3HQWUX DWLQJHUHD DFHVWHL SURGXFĠLL HVWH
QHFHVDUă JHQHUDOL]DUHD IRORVLULL OD VFDUă ODUJă D VHPLQĠHL GH PDUH
YDORDUH ELRORJLFăúLDSOLFDUHDXQHLWHKQRORJLLFRUHVSXQ]ăWRDUHúL ODPLFLL
SURGXFăWRULFDUHDXRSRQGHUHIRDUWHPDUHvQDFHVWVHFWRU
([FHGHQWXOSRDWHILYDORULILFDW
 SHQWUX LQGXVWULDOL]DUH FLSVXUL IXOJL GH FDUWRIL REĠLQHUH GH DPLGRQ
VSLUWHWF
 SHQWUX DFRSHULUHD GHILFLWXOXL GH FRQVXP GLQ DOWH MXGHĠH vQ VSHFLDO
GLQVXGXOĠăULL


(VWH QHYRLH GH vQWăULUHD RUJDQL]DĠLLORU SURIHVLRQDOH úL D JUXSXULORU

GH SURGXFăWRUL SUHFXP úL LPSOLFDUHD SXWHUQLFă D DFHVWRUD vQ DFWLYLWDWHD
GHYDORULILFDUHDSURGXFĠLHL
'H DVHPHQHD HVWH IRDUWH LPSRUWDQW FD XQLWăĠLOH GH SURFHVDUH GLQ
MXGHĠ ,QWHUVQDFNV Vă IXQFĠLRQH]H OD FDSDFLWDWH PD[LPă SHQWUX
DFXPSăUDRFDQWLWDWHFkWPDLPDUHGLQFDUWRILLREĠLQXĠLvQMXGHĠ


,, 6IHFOD GH ]DKăU VXSUDI SURG QHFHVDU  vQ SHULRDGD



(VWH FXOWXUD FDUH D VXIHULW XQ UHJUHV VHPQLILFDWLY vQ DQLL GH GXSă
UHYROXĠLH vQ FHHD FH SULYHúWH VXSUDIDĠD FXOWLYDWă FD XUPDUH D vQFKHLHULL
XQRU FRQWUDFWH PDL SXĠLQ VWLPXODWLYH vQ FHHD FHL SULYHúWH SH FXOWLYDWRULL
GHVIHFOăGH]DKăUFX)DEULFDGH]DKăU%RG

10
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

7RWXúL SULQ VSHFLDOL]DUHD SXWHUQLFă D XQRU SURGXFăWRUL PDUL FDUH

GLVSXQGHRXWLODUHGHXOWLPăRUăúLFDUHVHDIOăvQLPHGLDWDDSURSLHUHD
IDEULFLL VXSUDIHĠHOH FXOWLYDWH vQ XOWLPLL  DQL DX RVFLODW vQ MXUXO FLIUHL GH
 KD ÌQ DQXO  VXSUDIDĠD FXOWLYDWă D FUHVFXW VHPQLILFDWLY FD
XUPDUH D VXVĠLQHULL GH FDUH EHQHILFLD]ă DFHDVWă FXOWXUă úL D DWLQV
YDORDUHDGHKD

6SHFLILFDUH     

6XSUDIDĠDKD     
3URGXFĠLDPHGLH     
3URGXFĠLDWRWDOă±WR     
=DKăUDVLJXUDW
    
GLQSURGXFĠLDSURSULH

([WLQGHUHDVXSUDIHĠHORUFXOWLYDWHFXVIHFOăGH]DKăUHVWHDEVROXW
QHFHVDUă úL HVWH GHWHUPLQDWă GH QHFHVLWDWHD FRQVXPXOXL GH ]DKăU DO
SRSXODĠLHL MXGHĠXOXL GH H[LVWHQĠD IDEULFLL GH ]DKăU %RG UHDOL]kQGXVH vQ
DFHVWIHOúLHOLPLQDUHDLPSRUWXOXLGH ]DKăUvQMXGHĠ3UHWDELOLWDWHDFXOWXULL
GHVIHFOăGH]DKăUGLQSXQFWGHYHGHUHSHGRFOLPDWLFvQMXGHĠXO%UDúRYDU
ILGHFFDKD

,,,*UkX6HFDUă7ULWLFDOHVXSUDISURGQHFHVDUvQ
SHULRDGD

*UkXOVHFDUDúLWULWLFDOHOHVHFXOWLYăSHFLUFDGLQVXSUDIDĠD
DUDELOă D MXGHĠXOXL FRQVWLWXLQG vPSUHXQă FX FHOHODOWH FHUHDOH SăLRDVH
EXQHSUHPHUJăWRDUHSHQWUXFXOWXULOHGHED]ăDOHMXGHĠXOXL1XVHDVLJXUă
vQVăQHFHVDUXOGHJUkXSDQLILFDELOSHQWUXMXGHĠGHFkWvQSURSRUĠLHGHFFD
 DYkQG vQ YHGHUH Fă GRDU  GLQ WRWDOXO SURGXFĠLHL REĠLQXWH DUH
LQGLFL GH SDQLILFDĠLH FRUHVSXQ]ăWRUL &LUFD  ±   GLQ SURGXFĠLD
REĠLQXWăUăPkQHODJRVSRGăULLOHSRSXODĠLHLXQGHLQWUăvQFRQVXPXOXPDQ
VDXDQLPDO

6SHFLILFDUH     
6XSUDIDĠDKD     
3URGXFĠLDPHGLHNJKD     
3URGWRWDOăWR     

11
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

,93ODQWHOHGHQXWUHĠ


2FXSă FLUFD   GLQ VXSUDIDĠD DUDELOă D MXGHĠXOXL ÌQ XOWLPLL

DQLDXFUHVFXWVHPQLILFDWLYVXSUDIHĠHOHFXOWLYDWHFXOHJXPLQRDVHSHQWUX
IkQ OXFHUQă úL WULIRL úL SRUXPEXOXL VLOR] 'LQ SăFDWH VXSUDIHĠH IRDUWH
PDULGHWHUHQvQLHUEDWHVXQWvQWUHĠLQXWHúLIRORVLWHQHFRUHVSXQ]ăWRUILLQG
LQYDGDWH GH DUERUHWH PXúXURDLH úL VSHFLL GH SODQWH GăXQăWRDUH
([SOLFDĠLD DFHVWXL IHQRPHQ HVWH DFHHD Fă DFHVWH VXSUDIHĠH FKLDU úL vQ
VLWXDĠLDFkQGQXVXQWvQWUHĠLQXWHFRUHVSXQ]ăWRUDVLJXUăPDLPXOWăPDVă
YHUGHGHFkWHVWHQHFHVDUSHQWUXHIHFWLYHOHGHDQLPDOHFUHVFXWHvQMXGHĠ

93RUXPEXO
2FXSă FLUFD   GLQ VXSUDIDĠD DUDELOă (VWH FXOWXUD
FDUH DVLJXUă R EXQă SDUWH D IXUDMXOXL FRQFHQWUDW vQ JRVSRGăULLOH
SRSXODĠLHL 6XSUDIHĠHOH FXOWLYDWH DX HYROXDW vQ XOWLPLL  DQL vQ MXUXO D
±KD
$FHDVWă FXOWXUă DU SXWHD FUHúWH IRDUWH PXOW vQ LPSRUWDQĠă
ILLQG IRDUWH UHQWDELOă SURGXFHUHD GH ELRFRPEXVWLELO GLQ SRUXPE
ÌPSUHXQă FX UDSLĠD VXQW FXOWXULOH FDUH YRU FRQWULEXL OD UHGXFHUHD
VXSUDIHĠHORUQHFXOWLYDWHGLQMXGHĠ

6(&7258//(*80,&2/
'HĠLQH vQ MXGHĠXO %UDúRY FFD   GLQ VXSUDIDĠD DUDELOă
vQ FXOWXUă GDU DYkQG vQ YHGHUH IDSWXO Fă DFHVW VHFWRU UHSUH]LQWă
XQGRPHQLXGHDFWLYLWDWHGHSURGXFĠLHúLHFRQRPLFFHVHFDUDFWHUL]HD]ă
SULQWUXQvQDOWJUDGGHLQWHQVLYLWDWHúLFDUHFRQVWLWXLHúLRVXUVăLPSRUWDQWă
GH YHQLWXUL SHQWUX SRSXODĠLH UHYLWDOL]DUHD DFHVWXL VHFWRU úL FUHúWHUHD
VXSUDIHĠHORU GH OHJXPH FHUWLILFDWH HFRORJLF SRDWH IL XQ RELHFWLY SULQFLSDO
SHQWUXXUPăWRULLDQL

6(&7258/320,&2/
6XSUDIHĠHOHSRPLFROHDOHMXGHĠXOXLVXQWUHODWLYUHGXVHFDXUPDUH
D FRQGLĠLLORU SHGRFOLPDWLFH HOH UHSUH]HQWkQG VXE  GLQ VXSUDIDĠD
DJULFROăDMXGHĠXOXL
3RPLFXOWXUD MXGHĠXOXL D vQUHJLVWUDW GXSă DQXO  FD vQWUHDJD
SRPLFXOWXUă URPkQHDVFă XQ GHFOLQ VLVWHPDWLF GLQ SXQFW GH YHGHUH
SDWULPRQLDOFkQG SODQWăULOHDXIRVWQHVHPQLILFDWLYH LDUvQ SDUDOHODDYXW
ORFGHIULúDUHDXQRUVXSUDIHĠHLPSRUWDQWH GHOLYH]LQHĠLQkQGXVHFRQWFă
SHQWUX vQILLQĠDUHD úL H[SORDWDUHD ORU VDX IăFXW LQYHVWLĠLL LPSRUWDQWH
6XSUDIHĠHOH UăPDVH VXQW vQ PDUHD ORU PDMRULWDWH vQWUR VWDUH
GHvQWUHĠLQHUHIRDUWHSURDVWă

12
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

'H DVHPHQHD vQ XOWLPLL DQL D OXDW DPSORDUH FXOWXUD DUEXúWLORU

IUXFWLIHUL vQ VSHFLDO FXOWXUD DILQXOXL $FHDVWă FXOWXUă JăVHúWH FRQGLĠLL
H[FHOHQWHSHWHUHQXULOHGHODSRDOHOHPXQĠLORU)ăJăUDú$XIRVWHOLEHUDWH
DXWRUL]DĠLL GH SODQWDUH SHQWUX FLUFD  KD GH DILQ 2 SDUWH GLQ DFHVWH
SODQWDĠLL DX IRVW vQILLQĠDWH FX IRQGXUL HXURSHQH H[LVWkQG SH URO úL DOWH
SURLHFWHDIODWHvQGLIHULWHVWDGLLGHDSUREDUHDILQDQĠăULLVDXGHvQILLQĠDUH
DSODQWDĠLLORU

6(&7258/'(0(&$1,=$5(
'RWDUHD FX WUDFWRDUH úL PDúLQL DJULFROH D FXQRVFXW R FUHúWHUH
DFFHQWXDWă vQ VHFWRUXO SULYDW PDL DOHV OD SURGXFăWRULL LQGLYLGXDOL
GDU FHD PDL PDUH SDUWH D WUDFWRDUHORU úL XWLODMHORU DUH R YHFKLPH PDL
PDUH
GH  ±  GH DQL 6RFLHWăĠL DJULFROH vQ VFKLPE DX FXPSăUDW XWLODMH
úLWUDFWRDUHQRLGHPDUHFDSDFLWDWHúLFXXQUDQGDPHQWULGLFDW
%D]D WHKQLFă GH FDUH GLVSXQH DJULFXOWXUD MXGHĠXOXL %UDúRY
HVWHXUPăWRDUHD

1UFUW 0DúLQLúLXWLODMHDJULFROH 1UXWLODMH ÌQFăUFăWXUăXWLODMKD
 7UDFWRDUHWRWDO  
 &RPELQH  
 3OXJXUL  
 *UDSHFXGLVF  
 6HPăQăWRULSăLRDVH  
 6HPăQăWRULSUăúLWRDUH  
 0DúLQLSODQWDWFDUWRIL  
 0DúLQLGHHUELFLGDW  

-XGHĠXO UăPkQH vQ FRQWLQXDUH GHILFLWDU vQ SULYLQĠD FRPELQHORU
GHUHFROWDWFHUHDOHILLQGXWLOL]DWXQQXPăUPDUHGHFRPELQHGLQMXGHĠHOH
GLQVXGXOĠăULL
$*5,&8/785$(&2/2*,&Ă

ÌQ MXGHĠXO %UDúRY VXQW vQUHJLVWUDĠL  RSHUDWRUL vQ DJULFXOWXUD
HFRORJLFă 0DMRULWDWHD DFHVWRUD VH DIOă vQ ]RQD PRQWDQă vQ ORFDOLWăĠLOH
9DPD%X]ăXOXL%UDQ0RHFLX)XQGDWDùLQFD1RXă
'H DVHPHQHD VXQW vQUHJLVWUDĠL FLUFD  GH DSLFXOWRUL GLQ ]RQD
)ăJăUDú 0LHUHD HFRORJLFă REĠLQXWă GH DSLFXOWRUL HVWH YDORULILFDWă OD
H[SRUW

13
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

6(&7258/=227(+1,&
=RRWHKQLDMXGHĠXOXLHVWHVWUXFWXUDWăSHGRXăWLSXULGHH[SORDWDĠLL
H[SORDWDĠLL IDPLOLDOH vQ JHQHUDO GH PLFL GLPHQVLXQL úL H[SORDWDĠLL
FRPHUFLDOHFXXQHIHFWLYPDLPDUHúLFXXQJUDGGLIHULWGHPRGHUQL]DUH
vQIXQFĠLHGHVSHFLH
(YROXĠLDHIHFWLYHORUGHDQLPDOHGLQMXGHĠXO%UDúRYvQXOWLPLLDQL
±HVWHXUPăWRDUHD


6SHFLILFDUH $QXO
    
%RYLQH7RWDO     
GFPDWFă     
3RUFLQH7RWDO     
2YLQH&DSULQH     
3ăVăUL7RWDO     

&UHúWHUHDSăVăULORUHVWHGHGHSDUWHFHOPDLGH]YROWDWVHFWRUDO
]RRWHKQLHL MXGHĠXOXL FLUFD  FDSHWH UHJăVLQGXVH vQ  XQLWăĠL
VSHFLDOL]DWH DIODWH SH SODWIRUPHOH GH OD &RGOHD úL 0ăJXUHOH $FHVWHD
GLVSXQ GH FHOH PDL PRGHUQH GRWăUL WHKQLFH H[LVWHQWH OD DFHDVWă RUă vQ
(XURSDúLIRORVHVFUDVHVDXOLQLLVSHFLDOL]DWHFXXQIRDUWHEXQUDQGDPHQW
GH FUHúWHUH úL SURGXFĠLH 3RQGHUHD PLFLORU SURGXFăWRUL HVWH UHGXVă
SăVăULOHILLQGFUHVFXWHDLFLSHQWUXDDVLJXUDQHFHVDUXOGHRXăúLFDUQHDO
IDPLOLHL
&UHúWHUHD LQGXVWULDOă D SRUFLORU HVWH FRQFHQWUDWă vQ GRXă
H[SORDWDĠLLPDUL$FHVWHDDXIRVWPRGHUQL]DWHSULQDFFHVDUHDXQRUIRQGXUL
HXURSHQH 3HVWH   GLQ HIHFWLY VH UHJăVHúWH vQ H[SORDWDĠLLOH IDPLOLDOH
FDUHSURGXFSHQWUXDVLJXUDUHDQHFHVDUXOXLGHFDUQHDOIDPLOLHLvQFRQGLĠLL
GHUHQWDELOLWDWHVFă]XWă
&UHúWHUHD ERYLQHORU HVWH FRQFHQWUDWă vQ PLFLOH IHUPH GH
VXE]LVWHQĠă VDX GH VHPLVXE]LVWHQĠă $FHVWHD SURGXF ODSWH SHQWUX
DVLJXUDUHD QHYRLORU IDPLOLHL úL YDORULILFă VXUSOXVXO SULQ FHQWUHOH GH
FROHFWDUHDOHSURFHVDWRULORUGHODSWH
6WUXFWXUD H[SORDWDĠLLORU GH YDFL FX ODSWH SH FDWHJRULL GH PăULPH
VHSUH]LQWăDVWIHO
3kQăODFDSHWHH[SORDWDĠLLGLQWRWDOXOFUHVFăWRULORU
FDSHWHGLQHIHFWLYXOWRWDO
3HVWHFDSHWHIHUPHGLQWRWDOXOFUHVFăWRULORU
FDSHWHGLQHIHFWLYXOWRWDO

14
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&UHúWHUHD RYLQHORU úL FDSULQHORU VH SUDFWLFă QXPDL

vQH[SORDWDĠLLOHIDPLOLDOHvQFRQGLĠLLH[WHQVLYH
6WUXFWXUDGLPHQVLRQDOăDDFHVWRUH[SORDWDĠLLHVWHXUPăWRDUHD
3kQăODFDSHWHH[SORDWDĠLLGLQWRWDO
FDSHWHGLQHIHFWLY
ÌQWUH±FDSHWHH[SORDWDĠLLGLQWRWDO
FDSHWHGLQHIHFWLY
3HVWHFDSHWHH[SORDWDĠLLGLQWRWDO
FDSHWHGLQHIHFWLY
ÌQ DFHVWH FRQGLĠLL SULQFLSDOXO RELHFWLY DO GH]YROWăULL ]RRWHKQLHL
MXGHĠXOXLvOUHSUH]LQWăFUHúWHUHDúLDPHORUDUHDvQFRQWLQXDUHDHIHFWLYHORU
GHDQLPDOHúLLPSOLFLWDSURGXFĠLHLDQLPDOLHUH
6XSUDIHĠHOHPDULGHSăúXQHPRQWDQăúLVXEPRQWDQăSRWDVLJXUD
QHFHVDUXOGHIXUDMHSHQWUXvQPXOĠLUHDHIHFWLYHORUGHERYLQHSHQWUXFDUQH
úLDRYLQHORU

352&(6$5($352'8&ğ,(,$*5,&2/(
ÌQ MXGHĠXO %UDúRY IXQĠLRQHD]ă XQD GLQ SXĠLQHOH IDEULFL GH ]DKăU
GLQ5RPkQLDFDUHSUHOXFUHD]ăvQWUHDJDSURGXFĠLHGHVIHFOăGH]DKăUGLQ
MXGHĠHOH %UDúRY úL &RYDVQD 'H DVHPHQHD IXQĠLRQHD]ă R PDUH XQLWDWH
GHFLSVXUL,QWHUVQDFNGLQFDUWRIL
-XGHĠXO %UDúRY GLVSXQH GH XQLWăĠL GH SURFHVDUH D SURGXVHORU
DQLPDOH GH PDUH FDSDFLWDWH IRDUWH PRGHUQH úL ELQH GRWDWH DEDWRDUH
IDEULFL GH SUHOXFUDUHD FăUQLL úL D ODSWHOXL FDUH vúL DVLJXUă QHFHVDUXO GH
PDWHULHSULPăDWkWGLQMXGHĠFkWúLGLQDOWH]RQHDOHĠăULLVDXGLQ8QLXQHD
(XURSHDQă
6H LPSXQH vQVă FRQVWUXLUHD SULQ DFFHVDUHD GH IRQGXUL
VWUXFWXUDOH GH QRL XQLWăĠL GH SURFHVDUH D SURGXVHORU DJULFROH vQ VSHFLDO
XQLWăĠL GH SURGXFHUHD ELRHWDQROXOXL XQLWăĠL GH PRUăULW SURGXFHUHD GH
IXUDMHFRPELQDWHSUHFXPúLPRGHUQL]DUHDFHORUH[LVWHQWH

,QWRFPLW0LKDLO3RSD*<(5ė




0,1,67(58/$*5,&8/785,,ù,'(=92/7Ă5,,585$/(
'LUHFĠLDSHQWUX$JULFXOWXUăDO-XGHĠXOXL%UDúRY
%UDúRY6WU(FDWHULQD7HRGRURLXQU$
7HO)D[
(PDLOGDGUEY#PDGUUR
:HEZZZGDMEUDVRYUR

15
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

6WDUHDILWRVDQLWDUăDSULQFLSDOHORUFXOWXUL
DJULFROHGLQMXGHĠXO%UDúRY

/LOLDQD0DQROH
8QLWDWHD)LWRVDQLWDUă%UDúRY



&X R SR]LĠLH FHQWUDOă vQ 5RPkQLD MXGHĠ SULQ H[FHOHQĠă FDUSDWLF
GLVSXQH GH XQ DGHYăUDW PR]DLF IORULVWLF úL IDXQLVWLF úL GH R GLYHUVLWDWH D
FDGUXOXLQDWXUDO
-XGHĠXO%UDúRYHVWHFDUDFWHUL]DWSULQWURFOLPăUHFHúLXPHGăFX
XQ vQYHOLú GH VROXUL FRPSOH[H PDL VODEH GLQ SXQFW GH YHGHUH FDOLWDWLY
FDUH QX SHUPLW REĠLQHUHD vQWUHJXOXL VRUWLPHQW GH SURGXVH DJULFROH
QHFHVDUHFRQVXPXOXLSRSXODĠLHL
6SHFLILF MXGHĠXOXL QRVWUX HVWH FUHúWHUHD DQLPDOHORU FXOWXUD
FDUWRIXOXLúLDVIHFOHLGH]DKăULDUvQXOWLPLLDQLXQUHYLULPHQW SXWHUQLFO
DX vQUHJLVWUDW FXOWXULOH GH UDSLĠă VRLD úL SRUXPE GDWRULWă SURJUHVHORU
vQUHJLVWUDWHvQSURFHVXOGHDPHOLRUDUHPXOWLSOHORUvQWUHEXLQĠăULLQGXVWULDOH
úLDFRQWUDFWHORUHFRQRPLFHDYDQWDMRDVHSHQWUXIHUPLHUL
&RQGLĠLLOH FOLPDWLFH DOH DQXOXL DJULFRO  ±  VXQW WRWDO
GLIHULWHIDĠăGHFHOH DOHDQLORUDQWHULRULvQSULPXOUkQGSULQWHPSHUDWXULOH
PDUL vQUHJLVWUDWH vQ LDUQă 1X DP DYXW vQJKHĠXUL VHYHUH FDUH Vă GLVWUXJă
FXOWXULOHSULPăYDUDDGHEXWDWFXRXPLGLWDWHLQVXILFLHQWăúLROXQăPDUWLH
PDL FDOGă GHFkW vQ PRG QRUPDO LDU VFXUWDUHD UHSDXVXOXL KLEHUQDO D
GHWHUPLQDWRFUHúWHUHYHJHWDWLYăLQWHQVăDWkWODFHUHDOHOHGHWRDPQăFkW
úLODUDSLĠDGHWRDPQă
ÌQ MXGHĠXO %UDúRY FHUHDOHOH GH WRDPQă RFXSă R VXSUDIDĠă GH
DSURDSH  KD úL DX EHQHILFLDW GH FRQGLĠLL GH UăVăULUH GHVWXO GH
IDYRUDELOH 3H VXSUDIHĠHOH VHPăQDWH vQ  HSRFD RSWLPă FXOWXULOH VDX
GH]YROWDW ELQH úL DX IRUPDW XQ VLVWHP UDGLFXODU FRUHVSXQ]ăWRU 3ORLOH
DEXQGHQWH GH OD VIkUúLWXO OXQLL DSULOLH   vQFHSXWXO OXQLL PDL  DX
IDYRUL]DW SUHVLXQL GH DWDF GLQ SDUWHD D QXPHURúL DJHQĠL SDWRJHQL FH
FDX]HD]ă EROL IROLDUH SUHFXP úL DWDFXO D QXPHURúL GăXQăWRUL FDUH
GHSUHFLD]ăFDQWLWDWLYúLFDOLWDWLYUHFROWHOH
8QLWDWHD)LWRVDQLWDUă%UDúRYDHPLVEXOHWLQHGHDYHUWL]DUHSHQWUX
FRPEDWHUHD EROLORU IROLDUH OD FHUHDOH VHSWRULR]ă IăLQDUH
KHOPLQWRVSRULR]ă UXJLQă JDOEHQă úL EUXQă úL SUHYHQLUHD  ULVFXOXL GH
HVFDODGDUH D LQIHFĠLHL úL DVXSUD VSLFXOXL IX]DULR]D vQQHJULUHD VSLFHORU

16
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

SULQ DSOLFDUHD WUDWDPHQWHORU FX SURGXVH GH SURWHFĠLD SODQWHORU FX URO
FXUDWLY úL HUDGLFDWLY SUHFXP  $&$172 3/86   OKD VDX $0,67$5
;75$(& OKDVDX$57($(& OKDVDX%803(5
 (&  OKDVDX '8(778/75$  OKDVDX)$/&21 352 
OKDVDX0(1$5$(& OKDVDX0,5$*((& OKD
VDX0<67,&352 OKDVDX1$7,926& OKD
3HQWUX FRPEDWHUHD GăXQăWRULORU vQ VSHFLDO D SORúQLĠHORU
JkQGDFXOXL EăORV WULSúLORU úL SăGXFKLORU YHU]L DL FHUHDOHORU DP
UHFRPDQGDWH[HFXWDUHDWUDWDPHQWHORUILWRVDQLWDUHFXXQXOGLQSURGXVHOH
%,6&$<$2' OKDVDX'(&,60(*$(: OKDVDX
'(&,6  :*   NJKD VDX )85<  (&   OKD VDX
0263,/$1  6*   NJKD VDX 129$',0 352*5(66
6,125$72;  (&  D GRXD GHQXPLUH FRPHUFLDOă   OKD VDX
3527(862' OKD
&D UHJXOă JHQHUDOă XQ DFFHQW GHRVHELW vO DFRUGăP LQIRUPăULL
SURGXFăWRULORUDJULFROLGHVSUHLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFăULLXQXLFRPSOH[GHPăVXUL
GH FRPEDWHUH LQWHJUDWH vQ FDUH WUDWDPHQWXO VHPLQĠHORU FX LQVHFWR ±
IXQJLFLGHúLUHVSHFWDUHDURWDĠLHLFXOWXULORUDXUROSULPRUGLDO
5DSLĠD D GHYHQLW R FXOWXUă LQWHQVLYă OD FDUH WHKQRORJLD DSOLFDWă
IDFHGLIHUHQĠDGHSURGXFĠLHDIRVWFXOWLYDWăGXSăJUkXVDXRU]úLODFDUH
IHUPLHULL SURIHVLRQLúWL DX ĠLQXW FRQW GH UHPDQHQĠD HUELFLGHORU IRORVLWH OD
FHUHDOH 1X D IRVW DWDFDWă vQ WRDPQă vQ PRG VHPQLILFDWLY GH FăWUH
YLHVSHD UDSLĠHL GDU VD VHPQDODW DWDFXO GH SXULFL Phylotreta atra ÌQ
SHULRDGD GH YHJHWDĠLH FRPEDWHUHD DJHQĠLORU SDWRJHQL VD IăFXW  FX
IXQJLFLGHVSHFLILFH7,/025(&  OKD0$7,=(: OKD
7236,1:'* NJKD7236,16& OKDúLDGăXQăWRULORU
FXLQVHFWLFLGHFDUHVăSURWHMH]HHQWRPRIDXQDXWLOă%,6&$<$2' 
 OKD '(&,6 0(*$  (:   OKD )85<  (&   OKD
0263,/$1  6*   NJKD 129$',0 352*5(66   OKD
185(//(6(& OKD3527(862' OKD
&DUWRIXODGRXDSkLQHDRPHQLULLvQFăPDLSRDWHILFRQVLGHUDW
FXOWXUDUHSUH]HQWDWLYăSHQWUXMXGHĠXO%UDúRYGHúLVXSUDIHĠHOHFXOWLYDWHFX
FDUWRI VăPkQĠă úL FRQVXP DX VFă]XW vQJULMRUăWRU D IRVW SODQWDW vQ
SHULRDGDRSWLPăúLDvQUHJLVWUDWRUăVăULUHXQLIRUPă
(VWH R FXOWXUă VXVFHSWLELOă GH D IL LQIHFWDWă FX QXPHURDVH
RUJDQLVPHGHFDUDQWLQăúLGLQDFHVWPRWLYHVWHVXSXVăXQHLPRQLWRUL]ăUL
ILWRVDQLWDUH LQWHQVH DWkW vQ (XURSD FkW úL vQ ĠDUD QRDVWUă 1X DP DYXW
SUREHSR]LWLYHGHClavibacter michiganensisSXWUHJDLXOLQHODURalstonia
solanacearum SXWUHJDLXO EUXQ QHPDWR]L Globodera pallida úL
rostochiensisMeloidogyne chitwoodiúLfallaxDitylenchus destructor

17
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

8QLWDWHD)LWRVDQLWDUă%UDúRYDHPLVEXOHWLQHGHDYHUWL]DUHSHQWUX
FRPEDWHUHD DGXOĠLORU JkQGDFXOXL GLQ &RORUDGR FX XQXO GLQ SURGXVHOH
&$/<362  6&   OKD VDX &</275,1  &6    OKD VDX
'(&,6 0(*$  (:   OKD VDX )85<  (&   OKD VDX
185(//('(&  ±OKDVDX3527(862' 
OKD3HQWUXFRPEDWHUHDDILGHORUúLDODUYHORUJkQGDFXOXLGLQ&RORUDGR
DP UHFRPDQGDW H[HFXWDUHD WUDWDPHQWXOXL ILWRVDQLWDU FX XQXO GLQ
SURGXVHOH .$,62 625%,( :*   NJKD VDX 0$95,.  )  
OKDVDX0263,/$16* ±JKDVDX185(//('(&
OKD
'H DVHPHQHD DP HPLV DYHUWL]DUH SHQWUX FRPEDWHUHD PDQHL
FDUWRIXOXL Phytophtora infestans SUHYHQWLY SULQ DSOLFDUHD IXQJLFLGHORU
WUDQVODPLQDUHúLDPUHFRPDQGDWUHSHWDUHDWUDWDPHQWHORUOD]LOHvQ
IXQFĠLHGHFRQGLĠLLOHDJURPHWHRURORJLFHSULQDOWHUQDUHDSURGXVHORUSHQWUX
DQXVHFUHDUH]LVWHQĠă
6IHFOD GH ]DKăU HVWH úL HD R FXOWXUă UHSUH]HQWDWLYă D MXGHĠXOXL
%UDúRY D EHQHILFLDW GH HUELFLGăUL SUHHPHUJHQWH úL SRVWHPHUJHQWH FX
SURGXVH VSHFLILFH RPRORJDWH 6DX vQUHJLVWUDW DWDFXUL VSRUDGLFH GH
PhytiumVVSAgriotesVVSPhyllotreta
6XSUDIHĠHOHFXOWLYDWHFXSRUXPEKLEUL]LGLQJUXSD)$2 
DX FUHVFXW vQ XOWLPLL DQL Diabrotica virgifera virgifera YLHUPHOH YHVWLF DO
UăGăFLQLORU GH SRUXPE D IRVW GHUHJOHPHQWDW GDU VH FRQWLQXă
PRQLWRUL]DUHD LDU SHQWUX OLPLWDUHD SDJXEHORU UHFRPDQGăP IRORVLUHD GH
VăPkQĠăWUDWDWăURWDĠLDFXOWXULORUFXUă‫܊‬DUHDXWLODMHORUDJULFROHúLDSOLFDUHD
WUDWDPHQWHORU FKLPLFH FkQG 3('   DGXOĠL SODQWă OD SRUXPEXO GH
VăPkQĠăúLDGXOĠLSODQWăODSRUXPEXOGHFRQVXP
ÌQ WRDWH EXOHWLQHOH GH DYHUWL]DUH DWUDJHP DWHQĠLD DVXSUD IRORVLULL
GHSURGXVHGHSURWHFĠLDSODQWHORURPRORJDWHvQ5RPkQLDúLSURYHQLWHGLQ
VXUVHDXWRUL]DWHUHĠHDXDGHILWRIDUPDFLLúLGLVWULEXLWRULDFUHGLWDĠLFLWLULLFX
DWHQĠLH D HWLFKHWHL SURGXVXOXL úL D LQVWUXFĠLXQLORU GH XWLOL]DUH SUHFXP úL D
UHVSHFWăULL PăVXULORU GH VHFXULWDWH D PXQFLL úL QRUPHOH GH OXFUX FX
SURGXVHOHGHSURWHFĠLHDSODQWHORU
6ăQăWDWHD SODQWHORU HVWH IXQGDPHQWDOă SHQWUX PHQĠLQHUHD úL
FRPSHWLWLYLWDWHDDJULFXOWXULLVLJXUDQĠHLDOLPHQWHORUúLDSURWHFĠLHLPHGLXOXL
vQFRQMXUăWRU ,QWURGXFHUHD úL VWDELOLUHD RUJDQLVPHORU GăXQăWRDUH SH
WHULWRULXO5RPkQLHL SRDWHDYHDFDHIHFWFUHúWHUHDFDQWLWăĠLORU GHSURGXVH
GHSURWHFĠLDSODQWHORUXWLOL]DWH FHHDFHFRQWUDYLQHSUHYHGHULORUGLUHFWLYHL
&( SULYLQG XWLOL]DUHD GXUDELOă D DFHVWRUD 0DL PXOW SHQWUX XQ QXPăU
UHJOHPHQWDW GH EROL úL GăXQăWRUL QX H[LVWă WUDWDPHQWH FXUDWLYH HILFLHQWH

18
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

'LQ DFHVW SXQFW GH YHGHUH LQVSHFWRULL ILWRVDQLWDUL DX XQ URO LPSRUWDQW vQ
DVLJXUDUHD SURWHFĠLHL ILWRVDQLWDUH D WHULWRULXOXL 5RPkQLHL&RPXQLWăĠLL SULQ
SUHYHQLUHD LQWURGXFHULL VWDELOLULL úL UăVSkQGLULL RUJDQLVPHORU GH FDUDQWLQă
GăXQăWRDUH SODQWHORU SURGXVHORU YHJHWDOH VDX DOWRU DUWLFROH
UHJOHPHQWDWH
ÌQ FRQWH[WXO PRQGLDO DFWXDO vQ FDUH SRSXODĠLD OXPLL HVWH vQ
FRQWLQXă FUHúWHUH DVLJXUDUHD KUDQHL GHYLQH R DGHYăUDWă SURYRFDUH LDU
UROXO IHUPLHULORU vQ VRFLHWDWHD PRGHUQă HVWH SULPRUGLDO )HUPLHULL WUHEXLH
Vă SURGXFă WRW PDL PXOW SH DFHHDúL VXSUDIDĠă GH WHUHQ UHVSHFWkQG
SURWHFĠLD PHGLXOXL úL VăQăWDWHD XPDQă 5HVSRQVDELOLWDWHD FH DSDVă SH
XPHULL DFHVWRU RDPHQL HVWH XULDúă úL GLQ UHVSHFW SHQWUX URDGHOH
SăPkQWXOXL úL WUXGD PkLQLORU úL D PXQFLL IHUPLHULORU FRQVLGHU Fă QRL
VSHFLDOLúWLLGLQSURWHFĠLDSODQWHORUDYHPREOLJDĠLDPRUDOăGHDJăVLVROXĠLL
SHQWUXWRDWHSUREOHPHOHILWRVDQLWDUHFXFDUHDFHúWLDVHFRQIUXQWă





0,1,67(58/$*5,&8/785,,ù,'(=92/7Ă5,,585$/(
8QLWDWHD)LWRVDQLWDUă%UDúRY
%UDúRY6WU/kQLL&RGSRúWDO
7HO)D[0RELO
(PDLO ILWRVDQEY#SFQHWURGIEUDVRY#PDLODQIPDDUR
:HEZZZGDLDUR

19
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

3UH]HQWDUHDILUPHL0$126$*52

6RULQ0ăQRLX
0DQRV$JUR


$FWLYLWDWHDDJULFROăDPvQFHSXWRvQFXKDFDUWRISODQWDW
vQ FRPXQD +ăOFKLX MXG %UDúRY 'XSă  DQL vQ FDUH DP OXFUDW WHUHQXUL
vQFKLULDWH vQ 6WXSLQL úL %RG DP UHYHQLW vQ +ăOFKLX XQGH vQ  DP
FXPSăUDWSULPXOKHFWDUGHWHUHQDJULFRO
'LQ  FkQG DP vQILLQĠDW ILUPD 0$126 $*52 DP vQFHSXW
SUDFWLF DFWLYLWDWHD DJULFROă SURSULX]LVă SULPXO SDV ILLQG FXPSăUDUHD
VHFĠLHL$JURPHF+ăOFKLX
ÌQ  DP FRQVWUXLW SULPXO GHSR]LW GH  WRQH SHQWUX
GHSR]LWDUHDFDUWRIXOXLLDUDSRLDOWHOHvQIXQFĠLHGHFUHúWHUHDVXSUDIHĠHORU
SODQWDWH DMXQJkQG vQ SUH]HQW OD R FDSDFLWDWH WRWDOă GH GHSR]LWDUH GH
DSUR[LPDWLY  WRQH FDUWRI 6XSUDIDĠD FXOWLYDWă FX FDUWRI D FUHVFXW
WUHSWDWDMXQJkQGvQSUH]HQWODKDDQXDO











'DFăDVWă]LGLVSXQHPGHRVLVWHPăFRPSOHWăGHPDúLQLDJULFROH
WUDFWRDUHvQWRWDOSHVWH&3SHUIHUPăLQVWDODĠLLGHLULJDWGHSR]LWH
XWLODMHHWFDFHVWHDVHGDWRUHD]ăQXPDLXQHLVXVĠLQXWHDFWLYLWăĠLDvQWUHJLL
IDPLOLLúLQXvQXOWLPXOUkQGDIUDWHOXLPHX
&D XUPDUH D vQGHOXQJDWHL QRDVWUH DFWLYLWăĠL vQ FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL
GXSă  DQL GH FRODERUDUH FX ILUPD $*5,&2 GLQ 2ODQGD FDUH HVWH
SULQFLSDOXOQRVWUXIXUQL]RUGHVăPkQĠăGHFDUWRIDPvQILLQĠDWvPSUHXQăFX
GRPQXO 5RPXOXV 2SUHD YHFKLXO FRODERUDWRU úL SULHWHQXO QRVWUX R QRXă
VRFLHWDWHURPkQRRODQGH]ăúLDQXPH&$572)$*5,&2vQDQXO
6FRSXO DFHVWHL ILUPH HVWH GH D FROHFWD GHSR]LWD DPEDOD úL OLYUD FăWUH

20
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

VXSHUPDUNHWXUL FDUWRIL GH FRQVXP SURGXúL vQ 5RPkQLD vQ GLYHUVH

DPEDODMHúLFDQWLWăĠL
3HQWUX DFHDVWD VD FRQVWUXLW úL XWLODW R KDOă GH SURFHVDUH úL
DPEDODUH D FDUWRIXOXL úL XQ GHSR]LW IULJRULILF FX R FDSDFLWDWH GH SHVWH
WRQH7RDWHDFHVWHDFXRLQYHVWLĠLHGHSHVWHPLOLRDQHGHHXUR
'HD OXQJXO WLPSXOXL DP FXOWLYDW úL WHVWDW SHVWH  GH VRLXUL GH
FDUWRI VHOHFWkQG SHQWUX FRQGLĠLLOH SHGRFOLPDWLFH GLQ 5RPkQLD
XUPăWRDUHOH Ambition, Arizona, Arnova, Arrow, Anemis, Champion,
Cosmos, Evolution, Kondor, Lusa, Madelaine, Vlanhou, Marfona,
Picasso, Riviera, Rudolph, Santé, Volare
ÌQSUH]HQWVXQWHPSULQWUHSULPLLFHLPDLPDULFXOWLYDWRULGHFDUWRI
GH FRQVXP úL VăPkQĠă GLQ 5RPkQLD FD UDSRUW VXSUDIDĠă QXPăU GH
DQJDMDĠL )XUQL]ăP vQFă GLQ  FDUWRIL GH FRQVXP DSURDSH WXWXURU
ODQĠXULORUGHVXSHUPDUNHWXULGLQĠDUăLDUVăPkQĠăQXPHURúLORUIHUPLHULGLQ
WRDWHMXGHĠHOHXQGHDFHDVWăFXOWXUăHVWHSUHWDELOăFXPDUIL'kPERYLĠD
&RQVWDQĠD7LPLúRDUD*DODĠL6DWX0DUH0DUDPXUHú6XFHDYD'ROMHWF
3HQWUX D IL PHUHX vQ SDV FX FHULQĠHOH SLHĠHL úL PDL DOHV DOH
FRPXQLWăĠLL HXURSHQH DP LPSOHPHQWDW vQFă GH DFXP FkĠLYD DQL
VWDQGDUGHOHGHFDOLWDWHLPSXVHGHDFHDVWD,62úLPDLQRX
vQVLVWHPXO*OREDO*DS)LUPDQRDVWUăHVWHDXWRUL]DWăúLPRQLWRUL]DWăGH
,7&606 %UDúRY SHQWUX SURGXFHUHD SUHOXFUDUHD úL FRPHUFLDOL]DUHD
FDUWRIXOXL GH VăPkQĠă (VWH GH DVHPHQHD DXWRUL]DWă úL PRQLWRUL]DWă GH
FăWUH 8QLWDWHD )LWRVDQLWDUă úL DXWRUL]DWă '696$ %UDúRY SHQWUX
FRPHUFLDOL]DUHD úL GHSR]LWDUHD FDUWRILORU GH VăPkQĠă úL FRQVXP
(IHFWXăP SUREH úL DQDOL]H úL VXQWHPPHUHX OD ]L FX DFHVWHD FKLDU GDFă
XQHRULFRVWXULOHVXQWGHVWXOGHPDUL,PSRUWDQWHVWHFDvQWRWGHDXQDFOLHQĠLL
Vă ILH IRDUWH PXOĠXPLĠL GH SURGXVHOH SH FDUH OH RIHULP VSUH
FRPHUFLDOL]DUH


$VWIHOVSHUăPVăQHPHQĠLQHPSHSLDĠă
FXSURGXVHOHQRDVWUH





%GXO*ULYLĠHLQU%,6F%$S&RGSR‫܈‬WDO
%UDúRY-XGHĠXO%UDúRY520Æ1,$
7HO7HO)D[
:HEZZZPDQRVDJURUR(PDLOPDQRVBDJUR#\DKRRFRP

21
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

3UH]HQWDUHDILUPHL,QWHUVQDFN5RPkQLD

,RQXĠ2OWHDQ
,QWHUVQDFN5RPkQLD


,QWHUVQDFNHVWHRFRPSDQLHLQWHUQDĠLRQDOăSXWHUQLFăGH]YROWDWă
SHFRRUGRQDWHVROLGHH[SHULHQĠăGH]HFLGHDQLvQSURGXFĠLDGHVQDFNXUL
SURGXVH GHOLFLRDVHLXELWH úLDSUHFLDWHGHFRQVXPDWRULúLPLLGHDQJDMDĠL
SDVLRQDĠLúLHQWX]LDúWL
,QWHUVQDFN5RPkQLDHVWHSURGXFăWRUXOQXPăUXOSHSLDĠDVQDFN
XULORUVăUDWHGLQ5RPkQLD0ăUFLOHQRDVWUHVXQWGHFHDPDLvQDOWăFDOLWDWH
úL JDUDQWHD]ă FHD PDL SOăFXWă H[SHULHQĠă D VQDFNXULORU 3RUWRIROLXO
QRVWUXGHSURGXVHLQFOXGHPăUFLLQWHUQDĠLRQDOHSUHFXP&KLR3RP%lU
)HOL[ úL *ROGILVFKOL GDU úL PăUFL ORFDOH LXELWH GH FRQVXPDWRUL 1XWOLQH úL
)LHVWD
3DUWHQHUXO FHO PDL LPSRUWDQW DO SURGXVHORU ,QWHUVQDFN 5RPkQLD
HVWH QDWXUD &DUWRILL DWHQW VHOHFĠLRQDĠL ERDEHOH GH SRUXPE DXULL JUkXO
KUăQLWRU DOXQHOH JXVWRDVH úL FRQGLPHQWHOH SOLQH GH VDYRDUH GDX
SURGXVHORU,QWHUVQDFNDFHDQRWăXQLFăGHSURDVSăWúLQDWXUDO
6HOHFWDUHD DWHQWă D PDWHULHL EUXWH HVWH vQVă GRDU XQXO GLQWUH
DWXXUL  %D]kQGXQH SH DOHJHUHD FHORU PDL EXQL IXUQL]RUL XUPăULUHD
FRQWLQXă D FXOWLYăULL PRQLWRUL]DUHD SURFHVHORU GH SURGXFĠLH GH OD
UHFROWDUH úL SkQă OD SURGXVXO ILQLW JULMD GHRVHELWă OD GHSR]LWDUH úL
WUDQVSRUW SXWHP JDUDQWD SHQWUX FDOLWDWHD GH H[FHSĠLH D RULFăUXLD GLQWUH
SURGXVHOH,QWHUVQDFN
5HODĠLDGLQWUH,QWHUVQDFN5RPkQLDúLIHUPLHULLORFDOL
$FHDVWă UHODĠLH DUH R WUDGLĠLH vQGHOXQJDWă FRODERUDUHD FX
IHUPLHULL ORFDOL ILLQG vQFHSXWă vQ DQXO   ,QWHUVQDFN FRODERUHD]ă vQ
SUH]HQWFXPDLPXOĠLSURGXFăWRULDJULFROLGLQGLYHUVHMXGHĠH
3URGXFăWRULLVXQWJUXSDĠLvQ)HGHUDĠLD1DĠLRQDOăD3URGXFăWRULORU
GH &DUWRIL LDU ,QWHUVQDFN HVWH XQ PHPEUX DFWLY UHSUH]HQWDW SULQ ,RQXĠ±
0DULXV 2OWHDQ vQ FDOLWDWH GH 0DQDJHU $JULFRO ,QWHUVQDFN VH
DSURYL]LRQHD]ăFXFDUWRILORFDOLFXOWLYDĠLSHDSUR[LPDWLYGHKHFWDUH

22
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

,QWHUVQDFN GHUXOHD]ă XQ SURJUDP GH GH]YROWDUH D FDSDELOLWăĠLL

IHUPLHULORUSULQvPEXQăWăĠLUHDFXQRúWLQĠHORUVSHFLILFHGLQSXQFWGHYHGHUH
WHKQLF
¾ FRQVXOWDQĠăSHUPDQHQWăGHODVSHFLDOLVWDJURQRP
¾ RUJDQL]DUH YL]LWH SHQWUX VFKLPE GH H[SHULHQĠă OD SURGXFăWRUL
GHWUDGLĠLHGLQ*HUPDQLD2ODQGDúL&HKLD
¾ VXVĠLQHUHD XQRU SURJUDPH GH vPEXQăWăĠLUHD FDOLWăĠLL FDUWRILORU
GHFKLSVSULQDSOLFDUHDWHKQRORJLLORUFDUHIDFLOLWHD]ăRSUHJăWLUHDVROXOXL
LULJDĠLLVHSDUDUHGHSLDWUăWUDWDPHQWHGHFRPEDWHUHDEROLORU
¾ VXVĠLQHUHD XQRU  SURJUDPH GH GH]YROWDUH D XQRU VRLXUL GH
FDUWRIL GH FKLSV PDL SURGXFWLYH úL UH]LVWHQWH OD FRQGLĠLLOH FOLPDWLFH GLQ
5RPkQLD
¾ IXUQL]DUHD VHPLQĠHL GH FDUWRI FHUWLILFDWă ELRORJLF GH FODVă
ELRORJLFăSXUăH[IăUăYLUR]HEROLJDUDQWDUHDSXULWăĠLLVRLXOXL
¾ IDFLOLWDUH FRQVLOLHUH vPEXQăWăĠLUH FRQGLĠLL GH GHSR]LWDUH
VLVWHPH DXWRPDWH GH UHJODUH D WHPSHUDWXULL YHQWLODĠLHL vQ GHSR]LWHOH GH
FDUWRILúLDREĠLQHULLXWLODMHORUSHQWUXPDQLSXODUHFDUWRIL

%HQHILFLLIHUPLHULGLQFRODERUDUHDFX,QWHUVQDFN5RPkQLD


¾ VLJXUDQĠDREĠLQHULLúLYkQ]ăULLSURGXFĠLHLUHDOL]DWH
¾ FXQRúWLQĠHOHDFXPXODWH
¾ REĠLQHUHD GH VXEYHQĠLL FRPXQLWDUH SHQWUX WHUHQ úL ORFDOH
SHQWUXSURGXV
¾ GH]YROWDUHD DIDFHULL SULQ UHLQYHVWLUHD SURILWXOXL UHDOL]DW vQ
XUPDFRQWUDFWXOXLFX,QWHUVQDFN


,17(561$&.5RPkQLD

&DOHD9LWDQ&&RGSR‫܈‬WDO
%XFXUHúWL520Æ1,$
7HO7HO)D[
:HEZZZLQWHUVQDFNUR(PDLORIILFH#LQWHUVQDFNUR


23
24
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

OFERTA CERCETĂRII

%5$ù29,$±1RXVRLGHFDUWRI
FUHDWOD,1&'&6=%UDúRY

5DGX+HUPH]LX)ORULDQD0DULDùWHIDQ
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

/XFUăULOH GH DPHOLRUDUH D FDUWRIXOXL vQWUHSULQVH vQ FDGUXO
,1&'&6= %UDúRY VXQW SHUPDQHQW RULHQWDWH VSUH RSWLPL]DUHD
VRUWLPHQWXOXL GH VRLXUL FXOWLYDWH vQ SUH]HQW SULQ REĠLQHUHD XQRU VRLXUL FX
vQVXúLUL SHUIHFĠLRQDWH GLQ SXQFW GH YHGHUH DO SURGXFĠLHL úL FDOLWăĠLL
DFHVWHLD
³%UDúRYLD´ ± HVWH XQ QRX VRL GH FDUWRI VHPLWLPSXULX SUHWDELO
SHQWUXFXOWXUăvQWRDWH]RQHOHDJULFROHFXWUDGLĠLH
$FHVW VRL VD REĠLQXW SULQ KLEULGDUH VH[XDWă XUPDWă GH VHOHFĠLH
FORQDOă*HQHDORJLDDFHVWXLDHVWHUHGDWăvQILJXUDGHPDLMRV

52(6/$8
$0(/,$
%Y'(6,5((
%5$ù29,$

%0±
,03$/$
0*%%,5$1&2

5H]XOWDWHOHREĠLQXWHvQXUPDYHULILFăULLWLPSGHDQL
DDFHVWXLVRLvQFDGUXO,QVWLWXWXOXLGH6WDWSHQWUX7HVWDUHDúLÌQUHJLVWUDUHD
6RLXULORU ,67,6 DX FRQGXV OD RPRORJDUHD DFHVWXLD vQ DQXO  úL
vQUHJLVWUDUHD vQ DFWXDOXO &DWDORJ 2ILFLDO DO VRLXULORU GH SODQWH GH FXOWXUă
GLQ5RPkQLDÌQSUH]HQWVRLXO%UDúRYLDVHDIOăúLvQFXUVGHEUHYHWDUH

'HVFULHUHDVRLXOXL
 &DUDFWHULVWLFLPRUIRORJLFH7XIDGHvQăOĠLPHPHGLHWLSXOSODQWHL
WXOSLQRV úL SRUWXO VHPLHUHFW &ROĠXO DUH R IRUPă FRQLFă DVSHFWXO YkUIXOXL
GHVFKLV úL FX SHUR]LWDWH PHGLH FX XQ QXPăU GH UDGLFHOH PDUH úL
OXQJLPHD UDPLILFDĠLLORU ODWHUDOH VFXUWH )UXQ]D FX GHVFKLGHUH
LQWHUPHGLDUă PăULPHD FRQWXUXOXL PLFă SUH]HQĠD IROLROHORU VHFXQGDUH
SXWHUQLFă úL DUH FXORDUHD YHUGH vQFKLV )ORDUHD GH FXORDUH DOEă FX R

25
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

IUHFYHQĠă D IORULORU VODEă úL R PăULPH PHGLH D FRUROHL 7XEHUFXOXO HVWH

URWXQGRYDO RFKLL VXSHUILFLDOL FRDMD GH FXORDUH JDOEHQă úL SXOSD DOE
JăOEXLH
 &DUDFWHULVWLFLIL]LRORJLFH3UH]LQWăRUH]LVWHQĠăPHGLHODYLUXVXO
< úL YLUXVXO UăVXFLULL IUXQ]HORU SUHFXP úL ODPDQD FDUWRIXOXL SH IUXQ]H úL
WXEHUFXOL 5H]LVWHQĠD VRLXOXL OD DFHVWH EROL D IRVW HYDOXDWă vQ FDGUXO
,1&'&6= %UDúRY/DUkLD QHDJUăDFDUWRIXOXLVHFDUDFWHUL]HD]ăFDILLQG
UH]LVWHQW FRQIRUP YHULILFăULORU GH OD &HQWUXO 1DĠLRQDO GH 7HVWDUH D
5H]LVWHQĠHLOD5kLH1HDJUăGHOD3RMRUkWD6XFHDYD
 &DSDFLWDWHD GH SURGXFĠLH $FHVW VRL DUH XQ SRWHQĠLDO SURGXFWLY
ULGLFDWGHSkQăODWKDÌQUHĠHDXD,67,6DDVLJXUDWRGHSăúLUHFX
SkQăODDPDUWRULORUODFDUHVDIăFXWUDSRUWDUHDVRLXULOH0DJLFvQ
DQLLUHVSHFWLY6DQWpDQXO'LQDFHVWHSURFHQWHSRDWH
ILGHGXVăFDSDFLWDWHDGHSURGXFĠLHvQFRQGLĠLLGLIHULWHGHPHGLXúLWRWRGDWă
SODVWLFLWDWHDHFRORJLFăDVRLXOXLHYDOXDUHDVHIDFHvQFHQWUHGHWHVWDUH
6LELX 7kUJRYLúWH /XGXú 7J6HFXLHVF 5ăGăXĠL +ăUPDQ 6DWX 0DUH
7DEHOXO
7DEHOXO
(YDOXDUHDSURGXFĠLHLVRLXOXL%UDúRYLDvQUHĠHDXD,67,6NJKD



&HQWUX   

,67,6 Braşovia Magic  Braşovia Magic  Braşovia Santé 
7kUJRYLúWH         
7J6HFXLHVF         
6LELX         
6DWX0DUH         
5ăGăXĠL         
+ăUPDQ         
%DFăX         
0(',$         




26
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&DOLWDWHD 6RL FX R FDOLWDWH FXOLQDUă EXQă FODVD GH FDOLWDWH $%
&RQĠLQXWXOvQDPLGRQHVWHGH7DEHOXO
7DEHOXO
$SUHFLHUHDVRLXOXL%UDúRYLDDVXSUDYDORULLFXOLQDUH

0DUWRU
6SHFLILFDUH 1RWH Braşovia 2EVHUYDĠLL
Magic Santé
IDVSHFWRV
$VSHFW    
QHDVSHFWRV
H[FHOHQW
*XVW    
PDLSXĠLQEXQ
DOE
&XORDUH    
JDOEHQLQWHQV
UăPkQHvQWUHJ
6IăUkPDUHODILHUEHUH    
VHVIăUkPăIWDUH
FRQVLVWHQWYkUWRV
&RQVLVWHQĠă    
QHFRQVLVWHQW
QHIăLQRV
)ăLQR]LWDWH    
SXWHUQLFIăLQRV
XPHG
8PLGLWDWH    
XVFDW
ILQă
6WUXFWXUăDPLGRQ    
IJURVLHUă
QHFRORUDW
&RORUDUHFUXGă    
vQQHJULW
&ODVDGHIRORVLQĠă $% % $% 

















&RQFOX]LL

 &D SHULRDGă GH YHJHWDĠLH VH vQFDGUHD]ă vQ JUXSD VRLXULORU
VHPLWLPSXULLúLVHSUHWHD]ăFXOWLYăULLvQWRDWH]RQHOHWUDGLĠLRQDOHFXOWXULLFDUWRIXOXL
 3UH]LQWăFDSDFLWDWHGHSURGXFĠLHEXQăúLvQVXúLULDJURQRPLFHVXSHULRDUH

27
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

(YROXĠLDVLWXDĠLHLYLURWLFHODFDUWRIXOSHQWUXVăPkQĠăúL
SUHRFXSăULOHvQGRPHQLXOUHGXFHULLLQIHFĠLORUYLURWLFH

&DUPHQ%ăGăUăX)ORUHQWLQD'DPúD*KHRUJKH2OWHDQX
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

,QIHFĠLLOH YLURWLFH VXQW R SUREOHPă H[WUHP GH LPSRUWDQWă OD
SURGXFHUHD FDUWRIXOXL SHQWUX VăPkQĠă ÌQ DFWLYLWDWHD ,1&'&6= %UDúRY
UăPkQH FD R SUHRFXSDUH FRQVWDQWă LGHQWLILFDUHD GH QRL YLUXVXUL
SHUIHFĠLRQDUHDPHWRGHORUGHWHVWDUHSUHFXPúLSURPRYDUHDXQRUPHWRGH
LQRYDWLYHSHQWUXREĠLQHUHDPDWHULDOXOXLOLEHUGHYLUR]H
3ULQFLSDOHOH YLUR]H LGHQWLILFDWH vQ FXOWXULOH GH FDUWRI SHQWUX
VăPkQĠăvQ5RPkQLDVXQW9LUXVXOUăVXFLULLIUXQ]HORU3/599LUXVXO<DO
FDUWRIXOXL 39< 9LUXVXO ; DO FDUWRIXOXL 39; 9LUXVXO 6 DO FDUWRIXOXL
396 9LUXVXO 0 DO FDUWRIXOXL 390 úL 9LUXVXO $ DO FDUWRIXOXL 39$
'LQWUH DFHVWHD GH R GHRVHELWă JUDYLWDWH VXQW 39< 3/59 úL 39; FDUH
SURGXFSDJXEHGHRVHELWH SULQUHGXFHUHD SURGXFĠLHL GHSUHFLHUHDFDOLWăĠLL
úL vQ ILQDO UHVSLQJHUHD OD FHUWLILFDUH D ORWXULORU GH FDUWRI SHQWUX VăPkQ‫܊‬ă
FXUHSHUFXVLXQLHFRQRPLFHSHQWUXIHUPLHUL
$YkQG vQ YHGHUH FHOH PHQĠLRQDWH FRQWUROXO LQIHFĠLORU YLURWLFH
WUHEXLH Vă ILH R DFWLYLWDWH SHUPDQHQWă D SURGXFăWRULORU GH FDUWRI SHQWUX
VăPkQĠă 'LQ PXOWLWXGLQHD PHWRGHORU GH FRQWURO PHQĠLRQăP FHOH FDUH
VXQW OD vQGHPkQD IHUPLHUXOXL IRORVLUHD GH VRLXUL UH]LVWHQWH XWLOL]DUHD
PDWHULDOXOXLGHSODQWDWFHUWLILFDWFRQWUROXOYHFWRULORUHOLPLQDUHDGLQFkPS
D HYHQWXDOHORU SODQWH YLUR]DWH úL FXOWLYDUHD FDUWRIXOXL SHQWUX VăPkQĠă vQ
]RQHúLPLFUR]RQHVSHFLDOL]DWHvQDFHVWVHQV
8QVHPQDOGHDODUPăWUHEXLHWUDVvQFHHDFHSULYHúWHGLPLQXDUHD
vQ XOWLPLL DQL D VXSUDIHĠHORU FHUWLILFDWH ILJXUD  FHHD FH GXFH OD
UHGXFHUHDVLJXUDQĠHLYLLWRDUHDFXOWXULORUGHFDUWRI 

28
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014



)LJXUD6XSUDIDĠDFXOWLYDWăFXFDUWRISHQWUXVăPkQĠăKD

3ULQFLSDOHOH YLUXVXUL LGHQWLILFDWH vQ ORWXULOH GH FDUWRIL SHQWUX
VăPkQĠăWHVWDWH'$6(/,6$OD,7&606%UDúRYDXIRVW9LUXVXOUăVXFLULL
IUXQ]HORU 3/59 9LUXVXO < DO FDUWRIXOXL 39< 9LUXVXO ; DO FDUWRIXOXL
39;9LUXVXO6DOFDUWRIXOXL3969LUXVXO0DOFDUWRIXOXL390'LQWUH
DFHVWHD 39< D IRVW UHVSRQVDELO SHQWUX GHFODVDUHD PDWHULDOXOXL vQ PDL
PXOWGHGLQFD]XULILJXUD
















)LJXUD3URFHQWGHORWXULGHFODVDWHGDWRULWăLQIHFĠLLORUFX39<

29
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

'LUHF‫܊‬LLOH SULQFLSDOH GH FHUFHWDUH LQ GRPHQLXO YLURORJLHL OD

,1&'&6=%UDúRYVXQWXUPăWRDUHOH


 (VWLPDUHD HIHFWXOXL PăVXULORU DJURILWRWHKQLFH úL ILWRVDQLWDUH

DVXSUD SUHYHQLULL VDX GLPLQXăULL UăVSkQGLULL YLUXVXULORU FDUWRIXOXL FX
XUPăWRDUHOHUH]XOWDWH
o HODERUDUHD XQRU PăVXUL RUJDQL]DWRULFH úL WHKQRORJLFH
VSHFLILFHSURGXFHULLPDWHULDOXOXL OLEHUGH YLUXVXULvQ GLIHULWH ]RQHGLQĠDUă
IHUWLOL]DUHDSODQWDUHDDOHJHUHDVRLXULORUUH]LVWHQWHFRPEDWHUHDDILGHORU
HOLPLQDUHDSODQWHORULQIHFWDWHvQWUHUXSHUHDYHJHWD‫܊‬LHLUHFROWDUHD
o VWDELOLUHDPHWRGRORJLHLGHWHVWDUHDUH]LVWHQĠHLFDUWRIXOXL
ODLQIHFĠLLvQFRQGLĠLLGHFkPSFXLQIHFWRULIDĠăGHYLUXVXULOH39<390úL
3/59 úL GHWHUPLQDUHD DQXDOă D UH]LVWHQĠHL OD 39< úL 390 D VRLXULORU úL
OLQLLORUQRL
o LGHQWLILFDUHD XQRU QRL WXOSLQL DJUHVLYH úL SăJXELWRDUH DOH
171
YLUXVXOXL<WXOSLQLOHQHFURWLFH39< 
 &UHúWHUHDVLJXUDQĠHLWHVWHORUYLURWLFHSULQ
o HILFLHQWL]DUHDWHKQLFLL(/,6$LPSOHPHQWDUHDXQRUQRLPHWRGH
GHSUHOHYDUHDVXFXOXLH[WUDFĠLDGLQFROĠLVDXGLUHFWGLQWXEHUFXOL
o FUHúWHUHDUDQGDPHQWXOXLvQWHVWăULOHGHVHULH
 'LPLQXDUHDFRVWXULORUWHVWHORUYLURWLFHSULQ
o SURGXFHUHD DQWLVHUXULORU OD QLYHOXO VROLFLWDW GH VLVWHPXO
QD‫܊‬LRQDOGHSURGXFHUHDFDUWRIXOXLSHQWUXVăPkQĠă
o FUHúWHUHD FDOLWă‫܊‬LL úL HILFLHQĠHL DQWLVHUXULORU WLWUX
VSHFLILFLWDWHSULQSHUIHF‫܊‬LRQDUHDPHWRGHORUGHSXULILFDUHDYLUXVXULORU
 3HUIHFĠLRQDUHD PHWRGHORU GH GHYLUR]DUH SULQ XWLOL]DUHD
XOHLXULORUHVHQĠLDOHúLDHOHFWURWHUDSLHL


30
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

3UH]HQĠDPDQHLFDUWRIXOXLvQFkPSúLGHSR]LW

0DQXHOD+HUPH]LX5DGX+HUPH]LX
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

3HQWUX FXOWLYDWRUXO GH FDUWRI vQWUHEDUHD RDUH FkQG YLQH PDQD"
GHYLQH GH DFWXDOLWDWH SHQWUX FDUWRIXO GH FRQVXP WRDPQă ± LDUQă úL
VăPkQĠă OD VIkU‫܈‬LWXO OXQLL PDL vQFHSXWXO OXQLL LXQLH 8Q UăVSXQV FHUW QX
SRDWH IL GDW GDU PDQD FDUWRIXOXL YLQH VLJXU GDFă DX Fă]XW SUHFLSLWDĠLL
ERJDWHvQOXQDPDLúLSkQăODMXPăWDWHDOXQLLLXQLHúLGDFăH[LVWăIRFDUH
SULPDUH GH LQIHFĠLH )RFDUXO SULPDU GH LQIHFĠLH HVWH UHSUH]HQWDW GH
JUăPH]LOHGHUHVWXULYHJHWDOHUăPDVHvQFkPSGXSăUHFROWDUHWXEHUFXOLL
EROQDYLOăVDĠLSHFkPSWXEHUFXOLLEROQDYLSODQWDĠLVDXFKLDUVROXOLQIHFWDW
'DFă vQĠHOHJHP Fă PDQD VH WUDQVPLWH SULQ WXEHUFXOLL GH VăPkQĠă FD úL
PXOWHDOWHEROLYRPREVHUYDFăQXHVWHVFXPSăVăPkQĠDFHUWLILFDWăGH
EXQăFDOLWDWHúLUROXOSHFDUHHDvODUHvQUHGXFHUHDSLHUGHULORU
)HUPLHULLWUHEXLHVăúWLHFăXQSURGXVVLVWHPLFFRQĠLQHVXEVWDQĠH
FDUHFLUFXOăvQSODQWăRGDWăFXVHYD'DFăSODQWHOHVXIHUăGHVWUHVWHUPLF
VDX KLGULF OH HVWH PDL JUHX Vă IDFă úL DFHVW OXFUX 'H DFHHD  HVWH
UHFRPDQGDWFDWUDWDPHQWHOHVăVHIDFăvQSULPHOHRUHDOH ]LOHL$FHDVWă
SHULRDGăHVWHvQSULQFLSLXRSWLPăúLSHQWUXSURGXVHOHGHFRQWDFW7RWXúL
JkQGLQGXQH Fă IXQJLFLGHOH GH FRQWDFW  WUHEXLH Vă UăPkQă SH VXSUDIDĠD
IUXQ]HLRUHOHGLQVSUHVHDUăDUWUHEXLOXDWHvQFRQVLGHUDUH/DDPLD]ăVDX
LPHGLDWGXSăPDVăH[LVWăULVFXODSDULĠLHLYkQWXOXL
ÌQ XOWLPLL DQL GDWRULWă FRQGLĠLLORU FOLPDWLFH VD REVHUYDW  Fă
IRORVLUHD XQXL SURGXV VLVWHPLF SHQWUX SULPXO WUDWDPHQW  VH GRYHGHúWH
DYDQWDMRDVă)XQJLFLGHOHVLVWHPLFHSăWUXQGvQĠHVXWXULúLDXSRVLELOLWDWHD
UHGXFHULL LQIHFĠLLORU FKLDU ODWHQWH LQYL]LELOH &HOH PDL EXQH UH]XOWDWH VH
REĠLQGDFăH[LVWăRSHULRDGăGH]LOHvQWUHDSOLFDUHDWUDWDPHQWXOXLúL
REVHUYDUHDSULPHORUVLPSWRPHGHPDQăSHSODQWH3UHVLXQHDGHLQIHFĠLH
SRDWHILHVWLPDWăFXDMXWRUXOVLVWHPHORUGH SURJQR]ă úLDYHUWL]DUH HPLVH
GH 8QLWăĠLOH )LWRVDQLWDUH 'DFă SUHVLXQHD GH LQIHFĠLH SURJQR]DWă HVWH
PLFăVXQWVXILFLHQWHIXQJLFLGHOHGHFRQWDFWSHQWUXSULPXOWUDWDPHQW
(VWHúWLXWFăvQPXOWHĠăULSURGXFĠLDPHGLHHVWHGHWKDGDU
HVWH PDL SXĠLQ VXEOLQLDW IDSWXO Fă SHQWUX DFHVWH SURGXFĠLL FXOWXULOH VXQW
PHQĠLQXWH YHU]L SkQă vQ DXJXVW VDX FKLDU VHSWHPEULH GHSLQGH GH VRL
'HYLQH WRW PDL HYLGHQW Fă SHQWUX D YDORULILFD FkW PDL ELQH LQYHVWLĠLLOH
IăFXWH vQ VăPkQĠă IHUWLOL]DUH LULJDUH HWF PHQĠLQHUHD FXOWXULORU YHU]L R
SHULRDGăFkWPDLOXQJăGHWLPSDUHRLPSRUWDQĠăKRWăUkWRDUH

31
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&HO PDL LPSRUWDQW HOHPHQW FDUH LQIOXHQĠHD]ă HYROXĠLD EROLL HVWH

YUHPHDXPHGăSORLRDVăGLQOXQLOHLXQLHLXOLHFKLDUDXJXVWSHQWUXVRLXULOH
VHPLWDUGLYH 3ORLOH GLQ DFHDVWD SHULRDGă SH OkQJă Fă DVLJXUă FRQGLĠLL
H[FHOHQWHSHQWUXHYROXĠLDEROLLvPSLHGLFăDSOLFDUHDWUDWDPHQWHORUODWLPS
FRQIRUPSURJUDPXOXL
ÌQ SHULRDGHOH FkQG VXQW FRQGLĠLL IDYRUDELOH SHQWUX PDQă WUHEXLH
VWURSLW IUHFYHQW (ILFLHQĠD IXQJLFLGHORU LQWHUDFĠLRQHD]ă FX SORDLD &kWHYD
RUH GH YUHPH XVFDWă VXQW QHFHVDUH SHQWUX D SHUPLWH IXQJLFLGHORU Vă VH
OLSHDVFă GH IUXQ]H )XQJLFLGHOH DVLJXUă R EXQă SURWHFĠLH GDFă IUXQ]HOH
UăPkQXVFDWHGXSăDSOLFDUH3HQWUXR EXQăSURWHFĠLHVXQWQHFHVDUH
RUH IăUă SORDLH GXSă WUDWDPHQW 'DFă VXQW FRQGLĠLL GH XVFăFLXQH HVWH
VXILFLHQWăR RUăGXSă DSOLFDUHGDFăVXQWQRULXPLGLWDWHUHODWLYăULGLFDWă
úLQXEDWHYkQWXOGXUHD]ăFDPRUHFDIXQJLFLGXOVăúLIDFăHIHFWXO
&kQGVXQWVWURSLWHIUXQ]HXPHGHIXQJLFLGXODUHWHQGLQĠDVăFDGă
GHSHIROLDMÌQDFHVWFD]SURWHFĠLDRIHULWăHVWHOLPLWDWă
ÌQSULQFLSLXVHSRWFUHDRPXOWLWXGLQHGHYDULDQWHGHWUDWDPHQW
7UHEXLH Vă DYHP vQ YHGHUH VLWXDĠLD FRQFUHWă GLQ FkPS úL Vă QX
XLWăPFăWUHEXLHUHVSHFWDWHLQWHUYDOHOHvQWUHVWURSLUL SHQWUXFă QX H[LVWă
IXQJLFLGH FDUH Vă SURWHMH]H WRWDO SODQWHOH GH DWDFXO PDQHL (OH GRDU
vQWkU]LHDWDFXOXQHOHPDLPXOWDOWHOHPDLSXĠLQ
8QHRUL H[LVWă WHQGLQĠD GH D PăUL GR]HOH FX VSHUDQĠD XQXL HIHFW
PDL EXQ úL FKLDU GH D PăUL LQWHUYDOXO vQWUH WUDWDPHQWH 7HQGLQĠD HVWH
DEVROXW JUHúLWă 3XWHP REĠLQH UH]XOWDWH PDL EXQH FX GR]H PDL PLFL
DSOLFDWHODLQWHUYDOHPDLVFXUWH
5HFROWDUHDODWLPSúLvQFRQGLĠLLRSWLPHSUHVXSXQHHYLWDUHDYUHPLL
QHIDYRUDELOHSHULRDGHOHSORLRDVHWHPSHUDWXULOHSUHDULGLFDWHVDXVXE
R
 &
=RQHOHSXWHUQLFDIHFWDWHGHPDQăVHGHOLPLWHD]ăúLVHUHFROWHD]ă
VHSDUDW7XEHUFXOLLUH]XOWDĠLVHSRWYDORULILFDSHQWUXFRQVXPGDUQXYRUIL
IRORVLĠLFDPDWHULDOGHSODQWDW
6SUH GHRVHELUH GH DWDFXO SH IROLDM úL WXOSLQL DWDFXO SH WXEHUFXOL
HVWH LQYL]LELO vQ WLPSXO YHJHWDĠLHL VLPSWRPHOH VXQW PDL SXĠLQ HYLGHQWH
FKLDUSHWXEHUFXOLLUHFROWDĠLGHFLDWDFXOHVWHPDLJUHXGHHYDOXDW
ÌQ SULPHOH ID]H DOH DWDFXOXL IRUPD úL FRQVLVWHQĠD WXEHUFXOLORU QX
VXQWPRGLILFDWH'XSăFkWHYDVăSWăPkQLvQVăSHVXSUDIDĠDORUDSDU]RQH
XúRUVFXIXQGDWHGHIRUPHQHUHJXODWH&RQVLVWHQĠDWXEHUFXOLORUEROQDYLVH
PRGLILFăGHYLQPDLWDULFRPSDUDWLYFXFHLVăQăWRúLXQHRULFKLDUFDVDQĠL
ğHVXWXULOH DWDFDWH VXQW GH FXORDUH EUXQăUXJLQLH FLXSHUFD vQDLQWkQG vQ
]RQD VăQăWRDVă VXE IRUPD XQRU ILULúRDUH PDURQLL FDUH VH REVHUYă ELQH

32
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

SULYLQG SULQ WUDQVSDUHQĠă R VHFĠLXQH VXEĠLUH IăFXWă SULQWUR ]RQă UHFHQW

LQYDGDWă
'HúL PDQD QX DUH QHYRLH GH R UDQă SHQWUX D LQIHFWD WXEHUFXOLL
FHL WăLDĠL FX FRDMD LQFRPSOHW VXEHULILFDWă VXQW PDL VXVFHSWLELOL D VH
LQIHFWDGHRDUHFHSRUĠLXQLOHDIHFWDWHUăPkQXPHGHRSHULRDGăPDLOXQJă
RIHULQGWLPSVSRULORUGHPDQăVăLQIHFWH]HWXEHUFXOLL
&DSDFLWDWHDGHDDYHD XQ YROXPPDUHGHDHUvQvQWUHDJDPDVă
GHWXEHUFXOLSHQWUXDOHDVLJXUDXVFDUHDHVWHDEVROXWQHFHVDUăvQSULPHOH
VWDGLL GH GHSR]LWDUH 7UHEXLH HOLPLQDWH UHVWXULOH YHJHWDOH SăPkQWXO úL
SLHWUHOH úL RULFH DOWFHYD FH SRDWH LQWHUIHUD FX GLVWULEXĠLD DHUXOXL vQ
JUăPDGă 'DFă PDQD D IRVW SUH]HQWă SH IROLDM vQDLQWH GH UHFROWDUH HVWH
IRDUWH LPSRUWDQW FD WXEHUFXOLL Vă ILH XVFDĠL FkW PDL UHSHGH SRVLELO SHQWUX
GHSR]LWDUH$FHDVWăXVFDUHvQPRGQRUPDOQXQHFHVLWăPDLPXOWGH
GH RUH 'DFă vQ WLPSXO GHSR]LWăULL VH REVHUYă GH]YROWDUHD XQRU
SXWUHJDLXULDWXQFLHVWHQHFHVDUDHUVXSOLPHQWDUvQDFHOHFRPSDUWLPHQWH
DOHGHSR]LWXOXLXQGHVXQWSUREOHPHúLHOLPLQDUHDWXEHUFXOLORUDIHFWDĠLFkW
PDLUHSHGHSRVLELO
3H VFXUW FRQWUROXO WHPSHUDWXULL vQ GHSR]LWH DHULVLUHD úL
UHVRUWDUHDVXQWPăVXULOHFDUHWUHEXLHOXDWHvQSHULRDGDGHGHSR]LWDUH




33
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

5HFRPDQGăULSULYLQGDSOLFDUHDHUELFLGHORU
ODFXOWXUDFDUWRIXOXL

0DQXHOD+HUPH]LX5DGX+HUPH]LX
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

(VWHúWLXWăFRPSHWLĠLDvQWUHFDUWRIúLEXUXLHQLSHQWUXOXPLQăDSă
úLQXWULHQĠL
8Q FkPS GH FDUWRI  FX JUDG PDUH GH LQIHVWDUH FX EXUXLHQL
vQVHDPQă REĠLQHUHD XQRU UHFROWH VODEH QHFRUHVSXQ]ăWRDUH FDOLWDWLY FX
WXEHUFXOLPLFLúLFXFRQĠLQXWVFă]XWGHPDWHULHXVFDWă
3HOkQJăLQIOXHQĠDDVXSUDFDQWLWăĠLLúLFDOLWăĠLLFDUWRIXOXLEXUXLHQLOH
LQIOXHQĠHD]ă RSHUDĠLLOH GH UHFROWDUH vQJUHXQkQGXOH UHVWULFĠLRQHD]ă
FLUFXODĠLDDHUXOXLODQLYHOXOIROLDMXOXLFHHDFHGHWHUPLQăXQULVFFUHVFXWGH
DSDULĠLHDEROLORUSRWILJD]GHLQWHUPHGLDUHSHQWUXGLIHULWHEROLúLLQVHFWH
&RQWUROXOEXUXLHQLORU WUHEXLHVăvQFHDSăFkQGvQFăEXUXLHQLOHQX
VXQWUăVăULWHvQID]DGHSUHHPHUJHQĠăDFDUWRIXOXL
'HODSODQWDUHODUăVăULUHLQWHUYDOXOGHWLPSHVWHGHDSUR[LPDWLYR
OXQă GH ]LOH ÌQ DFHVW LQWHUYDO WUHEXLH GLVWUXVH EXUXLHQLOH úL vQGHSăUWDWă
FUXVWD FDUH VH IRUPHD]ă PDL DOHV SH VROXULOH JUHOH úLVDX SH YUHPH
SORLRDVă 2 DSOLFDUH FRUHFWă D HUELFLGXOXL SHUPLWH FD YUHPH GH 
VăSWăPkQL FDUWRIXO Vă VH GH]YROWH DVWIHO vQFkW IROLDMXO Vă DVLJXUH R
vQFKLGHUH D UkQGXULORU úL Vă SXQă vQ XPEUă EXUXLHQLOH DSăUXWH XOWHULRU
%XUXLHQLOHFDUHDSDUGXSăvQFKLGHUHDUkQGXULORUQXVXQWvQFRPSHWLĠLHFX
FDUWRIXO DWkWD WLPS FkW IROLDMXO HVWH GHQV úL XQLIRUP 'HQVLWDWHD úL
XQLIRUPLWDWHD FXOWXULL VXQW GHWHUPLQDWH GH SRUWXO IROLDMXOXL úL GH
XQLIRUPLWDWHDGHSODQWDUH3ODQWHOHOLSVăGLQFDX]DFDUWRIXOXLGHVăPkQĠă
GH SURDVWă FDOLWDWH SODQWăULL vQWUXQ VRO SUHD UHFH FDUH GH]YROWă
UL]RFWRQLR]HOH úL (UZLQLD VDX SODQWDUHD GHIHFWXRDVă UHGXF GHQVLWDWHD
FXOWXULLúLvQWUHĠLQFRPSHWLĠLDFXEXUXLHQLOH

$OHJHUHDHUELFLGHORU

ÌQ PRG WUDGLĠLRQDO IHUPLHULL VH ED]HD]ă SH GRXă HUELFLGH
VHOHFWLYH UH]LGXDOH OLQXURQúL PHWULEX]LQ IRORVLQG vQ PDL PLFă PăVXUă
SHQGLPHWKDOLQúLFORPD]RQHÌQFHSkQGFXDFHVWDQHVWHYDODELOúL
SH SLDĠD URPkQHDVFă XQ QRX HUELFLG SUHHPHUJHQW FDUH DUH vQ
FRPSRQHQĠăSURVXOIRFDUE
0HWULEX]LQXODUHFDSDFLWDWHDGHDEVRUEĠLHSULQUăGăFLQLIROLDMFHHD
FHvLSHUPLWHXWLOL]DUHDSHEXUXLHQLFkQGDFHVWHDDSDUGDUSRDWHILXWLOL]DW

34
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

úLvQSRVWHPHUJHQĠăFXRGR]ăPDLUHGXVăGHNJKDSkQăODR

vQăOĠLPHGHFPDSODQWHLGHFDUWRI
&HOHODOWH HUELFLGH OLQXURQ SURVXOIRFDUE FORPD]RQH
SHQGLPHWKDOLQ DFĠLRQHD]ă VWULFW DVXSUD VROXOXL VDX DX DFĠLXQH
SRVWHPHUJHQWăIRDUWHVFă]XWă
ÌQDFHVWFD]VHYDIRORVLXQDOWHUELFLGFXPDUILFHOSHED]ăGH
EHQWD]RQVDXULPVXOIXURQSHQWUXEXUXLHQLOHFXIUXQ]ăODWă
(UELFLGHOHUH]LGXDOHQHFHVLWăVROXULXPHGHSHQWUXDDFĠLRQDELQH
7RWXúL SORLOH DEXQGHQWH VDX DSD GH LULJDĠLH vQ H[FHV SH VROXULOH XúRDUH
VDX SLHWURDVH SRW WUDQVORFD HUELFLGXO vQ FDUWRI úL DIHFWD FXOWXUD
0HWULEX]LQXOQXYDILIRORVLWODRULFHVRLGHRDUHFHSRDWHSURGXFHFORUR]H
úLVDXUăVXFLULDOHIROLDMXOXLLDUDOWHHUELFLGHUH]LGXDOHFORPD]RQHOLQXURQ
VDX SHQGLPHWKDOLQ SRW SURYRFD FORUR]H WLPSXULL VDX GHIRUPăUL DOH
IUXQ]HORUSHXQHOHVROXUL
(UELFLGHOH VHOHFWLYH FDUH FRQWUROHD]ă EXUXLHQLOH FX JHUPLQDĠLH
WkU]LH VH DSOLFă GXSă UăVăULUHD FDUWRIXOXL SkQă OD vQFKHLHUHD UkQGXULORU
SăWUXQGvQEXUXLHQLSULQIUXQ]HúLVLVWHPXOUDGLFXODU
'DFă GHQVLWDWHD SODQWHORU úL GH]YROWDUHD ORU HVWH EXQă LDU
EXUXLHQLOH SHUHQH OLSVHVF FXOWXUD VH PHQĠLQH FXUDWă SkQă OD FăGHUHD
YUHMLORUFkQGDSDUHvPEXUXLHQDUHDWkU]LHFDUHGăXQHD]ăPDLSXĠLQREĠLQHULL
XQRU SURGXFĠLL PDUL GDU vQJUHXQHD]ă UHFROWDUHD PHFDQL]DWă D FDUWRIXOXL
&DX]HOH LQYDGăULL FXOWXULORU FX EXUXLHQL vQ SDUWHD D GRXD D YHJHWDĠLHL VXQW
PXOWLSOHEXUXLHQLQHFRPEăWXWHvQFăGHODvQFHSXWWUDWDPHQWHQHXQLIRUPH
DSOLFDUHDHUELFLGHORUSHWHUHQEXOJăURVSUH]HQĠDXQRUEXUXLHQLUH]LVWHQWHOD
HUELFLGXODSOLFDWúD
([LVWă úL R JDPă ODUJă GH HUELFLGH FX FRPSRQHQWă JUDPLQLFLGă
TXL]DORIRSSHWLO SURSDTXL]DIRS DSOLFDWH OD FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL vQ
SRVWHPHUJHQĠă SHQWUX EXUXLHQL PRQRFRWLOHGRQDWH FD Setaria glauca
Avena fatua, Agropyron repens, Echinochloa crus-galli

&kWHYDSUHFL]ăULQXVXQWGHQHJOLMDW

 /D FDUWRIXO SHQWUX VăPkQĠă HVWH GH SUHIHUDW D IRORVL PHWULEX]LQ
SUHHPHUJHQW GHRDUHFH vQ SRVWHPHUJHQĠă OD R FXOWXUă VWUHVDWă SRDWH
SURGXFH GHFRORUăUL 'H DVHPHQHD GDFă GXSă WUDWDPHQW XUPHD]ă SORL
DEXQGHQWHVHSRWSURGXFHOH]LXQLSHIUXQ]HOHUăVăULWH
 $OHJHUHD VRLXULORU GH FDUWRI HVWH IRDUWH LPSRUWDQWă GHRDUHFH
H[LVWăVRLXULWROHUDQWHúLVRLXULVXVFHSWLELOHODPHWULEX]LQ3HIUXQ]HDSDU
FORUR]H vQJăOEHQLUL GHRDUHFH HUELFLGXO QX HVWH PHWDEROL]DW GH VRLXO
UHVSHFWLY8QVRLVHQVLELOQXPHWDEROL]HD]ăVXILFLHQWGHUHSHGHHUELFLGXO

35
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

úL DVWIHO DSDU DUVXULQHFUR]H SLWLFLUL VDX FKLDU SODQWH PRDUWH 8Q VRL
WROHUDQWDUHSRVLELOLWDWHDVăvúLUHYLQăvQWURVăSWăPkQăIăUăDILDIHFWDWă
SURGXFĠLD
 /DFDUWRIXOSHQWUXSURFHVDUHHVWHUHFRPDQGDWFDvQDLQWHDLQLĠLHULL
XQXLSURJUDPGHHUELFLGDUHVăILHFRQVXOWDWúLSURFHVDWRUXO

3HQWUX GHVIăúXUDUHD SURJUDPXOXL GH HUELFLGDUH vQ EXQH
FRQGLĠLLIHUPLHUXODUWUHEXLVăĠLQăVHDPDGHXUPăWRDUHOHDVSHFWH

 7LSXOGHVROúLFRQGLĠLLOHVSHFLILFH
 &RQGLĠLLOHFOLPDWLFH
 6RLXOGHFDUWRIúLYLJRDUHDSODQWHORU
 'HVWLQDĠLDILQDOăDFXOWXULLVăPkQĠăFRQVXPSURFHVDUH
 6SHFLLOHGHEXUXLHQLSUH]HQWHvQVROăúLVWDGLXOORUODPRPHQWXO
DSOLFăULLHUELFLGXOXL
 6WDGLXOFXOWXULLGHFDUWRIODPRPHQWXODSOLFăULLHUELFLGXOXL


36
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

7DEHOXO
(UELFLGHXWLOL]DWHvQFXOWXUDFDUWRIXOXL

6XEVWDQĠD 'R]D
3URGXV $SOLFDUH 2EVHUYDĠLL
DFWLYă JNJ/KD
&ORPD]RQH *$5&(1,7 /3UHHPHUJHQW 'RDU SHQWUX EXUXLHQL FX IUXQ]D
&6 ODWă 3RDWH FDX]D vQJăOEHQLUL
WUDQ]LWRULL GDFă SORXă DEXQGHQW
GXSă DSOLFDUH PDL DOHV GDFă
VăPkQĠDHVWHODVXSUDIDĠă
/LQXURQ 'LIHULWH  'R]DGHSLQGH GHWLSXOGHVROúL
GHQXPLUL  GDWDSODQWăULL
([ 
/LQXUH[6& / 3UHHPHUJHQW
0HWULEX]LQ 'LIHULWH /3UHúL 7RDWH REVHUYDĠLLOH HIHFWXDWH vQ
GHQXPLULúL SRVWHPHUJHQW WH[WVXQWGHOXDWvQFRQVLGHUDUH
IRUPXOăUL 
6HQFRU 
:*6XUGRQH 
([ /3UHHPHUJHQW
6HQFRU6& úLVDX/SRVWHPHUJHQW
OLFKLG
3HQGLPHWKDOLQ 6WRPS(& /3UHHPHUJHQW 6H DSOLFă FX FHO SXĠLQ  ]LOH
vQDLQWH GH GDWD UăVăULULL
(ILFDFLWDWHUHGXVăSHVROXULOHFX
FRQĠLQXW GH PDWHULH RUJDQLFă
PDL!GH
3URVXOIRFDUE $UFDGH /3UHHPHUJHQW 3RDWH IL DSOLFDW SkQă OD DSDULĠLD
SULPLORUPXJXULGDUQXPDLPXOW
GHGLQFXOWXUăUăVăULWă
%HQWD]RQH %DVDJUDQ)RUWH / 3RVWHPHUJHQW 1HUHFRPDQGDW SHQWUX FDUWRIXO
GHVăPkQĠăúLFHOWLPSXULX
3URSDTXL]DIRS $JLO(& ± 3RVWHPHUJHQW 'R]D GHSLQGH GH JUDGXO GH
/ LQIHVWDUH FX PRQRFRWLOH
5HFRPDQGDW XQ LQWHUYDO GH 
VăSWăPkQLSkQăODUHFROWDUH
)OXD]LIRSS )XVLODGH)RUWH / 3RVWHPHUJHQW 'R]D GHSLQGH GH JUDGXO GH
EXWLO LQIHVWDUH 5HFRPDQGDW XQ
LQWHUYDO GH  VăSWăPkQL SkQă
ODUHFROWDUH
4XL]DORIRS 7DUJD  (&  'R]D GHSLQGH GH JUDGXO GH
SHWLO 0RQRFRWLOH  LQIHVWDUH 5HFRPDQGDW XQ
DQXDOH / 3RVWHPHUJHQW LQWHUYDO GH  VăSWăPkQL SkQă
0RQRFRWLOH  ODUHFROWDUH
SHUHQH / 3RVWHPHUJHQW
5LPVXOIXURQ 7LWXV') NJ 3RVWHPHUJHQW $VHIRORVLvQDLQWHFDFXOWXUDVă
VXUIDFWDQW DMXQJăODFP

37
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

$OWIHOGHVSUHJkQGDFXOGLQ&RORUDGR

'DQLHOD'RQHVFX
,1&'&6=%UD‫܈‬RY

*kQGDFXO GLQ &RORUDGR Leptinotarsa decemlineata HVWH SH
GUHSW FXYkQW FHO PDL PDUH GHIROLDWRU DO FXOWXULORU GH FDUWRI 2 ODUYă
 
FRQVXPăDSUR[LPDWLYFP GHVXSUDIDĠăIROLDUăúLvQSOXVFP GH
IUXQ]ă]L FD DGXOW 3H OkQJă UDWD LPSUHVLRQDQWă GH KUăQLUH JkQGDFXO GLQ
&RORUDGR VH PDL FDUDFWHUL]HD]ă SULQWUR IHFXQGLWDWH IRDUWH PDUH R
VLQJXUă IHPHOă GHSXQkQG  GH RXă 'H DVHPHQHD IRDUWH
LPSRUWDQWGHUHĠLQXWHVWHIDSWXOFăLQVHFWDDUHRDELOLWDWHUHPDUFDELOăGHD
GH]YROWDUH]LVWHQĠăIDĠăGHRULFHSURGXVFKLPLFIRORVLWYUHRGDWăvPSRWULYD
VD
'LQ PRPHQWXO vQ FDUH JkQGDFXO GLQ &RORUDGR D SăUăVLW JD]GHOH
VăOEDWLFHRULJLQDOHVDUăVSkQGLWFXUHSH]LFLXQHSHDSURDSHWRWJOREXOÌQ

(XURSD úL $VLD DSUR[LPDWLY  PLOLRDQH GH NP  VXQW LQIHVWDWH FX DFHVW
GăXQăWRU
,QVHFWD DUH XQ FLFOX ELRORJLF FRPSOLFDW úL GLYHUV ,HUQHD]ă vQ VRO
FDDGXOWvQJUXSXULPDULvQ]RQHvPSăGXULWHGLQDSURSLHUHDFkPSXULORUSH
FDUH OHDX FRORQL]DW YDUD DQWHULRDUă ,HúLUHD DGXOĠLORU GLQ GLDSDX]ă HVWH
PDL PXOW VDX PDL SXĠLQ VLQFURQL]DWă FX UăVăULUHD FDUWRIXOXL ÌQ FD]XO
PRQRFXOWXULL FDUWRIXO HVWH FRORQL]DW GH DGXOĠLL KLEHUQDQĠL FDUH VH
GHSODVHD]ăSHVROGLQORFXULOHGHLHUQDUHVDXLHVGLQVROGLUHFWvQFkPS
ÌQ FD]XO URWDĠLHL DGXOĠLL SRW ]EXUD FkĠLYD NLORPHWUL FăWUH QRXD FXOWXUă GH
FDUWRI JD]Gă 2 GDWă FXOWXUD FRORQL]DWă DGXOĠLL KLEHUQDQĠL VH KUăQHVF úL
DSRL WLPS GH  ]LOH vQ IXQFĠLH GH WHPSHUDWXUă GHSXQ SRQWD 'H RELFHL
DFHDVWDHVWHGHSXVăSHVXSUDIDĠDLQIHULRDUăDIUXQ]HORU'XSăHFOR]DUH
ODUYHOHVHSRWGHSODVDSHGLVWDQĠHVFXUWHSHIROLDMXOSODQWHORUGHFDUWRIúL
ODGHRUHGHODHFOR]DUHvQFHSVăVHKUăQHDVFă'H]YROWDUHDDUHORFvQ
DSUR[LPDWLY]LOH7HPSHUDWXULOHRSWLPHGHGH]YROWDUHYDULD]ăvQWUH
 ƒ& ILLQG GLIHULWH OD SRSXODĠLLOH JkQGDFXOXL GLQ DQXPLWH ]RQH
JHRJUDILFH /DUYHOH DX FDSDFLWDWHD GH WHUPRUHJODUH SULQ GHSODVDUH SH
IROLDMXO SODQWHORU FHHD FH FRQWULEXLH OD RSWLPL]DUHD WHPSHUDWXULL FRUSXOXL
FRPSDUDWLY FX FHD D PHGLXOXL vQFRQMXUăWRU &DQWLWDWHD GH KUDQă
FRQVXPDWă GH VWDGLLOH WLQHUH HVWH UHGXVă JUHXWDWHD ODUYHORU FUHVFkQG
DELD GXSă D GRXD QăSkUOLUH SkQă OD WUHFHUHD ODUYHORU / vQ ID]D GH
SUHSXSă3ODQWHOHFDUHFRQĠLQVXEVWDQĠHDPDUHWR[LFHVDXFXXQFRQĠLQXW
UHGXV GH VXEVWDQĠH QXWULWLYH WXEHUFXOL IORUL SRW GXFH OD PDUL GHILFLHQĠH

38
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

GH GH]YROWDUH VDX FKLDU OD SUHOXQJLUHD GH]YROWăULL ODUYDUH /D GHSOLQD VD
PDWXULWDWH ODUYD FDGH SH VRO XQGH vúL FDXWă XQ ORF SRWULYLW SHQWUX
SăWUXQGHUH $FHDVWD vúL DPHQDMHD]ă R FăVXĠă QLPIDOă vQ FDUH GXSă
FkWHYD]LOHQăSkUOHúWHFXDFHDVWDvQFHSkQGSURSULX]LVvPSXSDUHD'XSă
DSUR[LPDWLY  ]LOH WkQăUXO JkQGDF SăUăVHúWH VROXO 1RLL DGXOĠL DSăUXĠL
VHKUăQHVFSDUDOHODUHORFFRSXODĠLDLDUIHPHOHOHvQFHSVăGHSXQăRXăOH
'HRDUHFH vQ DFHDVWă SHULRDGă WHPSHUDWXULOH VXQW PDL ULGLFDWH
GH]YROWDUHD GLIHULWHORU VWDGLL HVWH PDL UHGXVă $GXOĠLL SULPHL JHQHUDĠLL
vQFHSVăDSDUăvQPRGHúDORQDWSHODPLMORFXOOXQLLLXQLHÌQFRQGLĠLLOHGH
OD QRL LQVHFWD DUH GRXă JHQHUDĠLL FRPSOHWH D GRXD ILLQG PDL SXĠLQ
QXPHURDVăGDWRULWăWHPSHUDWXULORUULGLFDWHGLQWLPSXOYHULL5HSURGXFHUHD
FRQWLQXă SkQă VH LQVWDOHD]ă GLDSDX]D LQGXVă GH VFXUWDUHD ]LOHORU
*kQGDFLLFDUHDSDUvQSHULRDGDGH]LOHVFXUWHQXDXVLVWHPXOUHSURGXFWLY
úL PXúFKLL DULSLORU GH]YROWDWH 6H KUăQHVF DFWLY FkWHYD VăSWăPkQL GXSă
FDUHVHGHSODVHD]ăVSUHORFXULOHGHLHUQDUHVDXSăWUXQGvQSăPkQWGLUHFW
GLQFkPS
&LFOXO ELRORJLF GLYHUV úL IOH[LELO DO JkQGDFXOXL GLQ &RORUDGR VH
SRWULYHúWH IRDUWH ELQH FX PHGLLOH DJULFROH QHVWDELOH GH DFHHD HVWH R
DGHYăUDWă SURYRFDUH DFĠLXQHD GH FRQWURO D DFHVWXLD =ERUXO GH PLJUDĠLH
VWUkQV OHJDW GH GLDSDX]ă KUăQLUHD úL UHSURGXFHUHD SHUPLW LQVHFWHL Vă
IRORVHDVFăVWUDWHJLLUHSURGXFWLYHGHGLVWULEXLUHDODUYHORUvQGRXăVSDĠLLvQ
LQWHULRUXO úL vQ DIDUD FkPSXULORU úL PRPHQWH GLIHULWH vQ úL vQWUH DQL 2
DVWIHO GH VWUDWHJLH DUH PHQLUHD GH D PLQLPL]D ULVFXO SLHUGHULORU
FDWDVWURILFH DOH XUPDúLORU GH DOWIHO GH vQĠHOHV vQ VLVWHPHOH DJULFROH
QHVLJXUH
'HODGHSLVWDUHvPSRWULYDJkQGDFXOXLGLQ&RORUDGRDXIRVWWHVWDĠL
VXWH GH FRPSXúL úL LQVHFWLFLGH 3HVWH  GH VXEVWDQĠH DFWLYH GLIHULWH DX
IRVW RPRORJDWH SHQWUX FRQWUROXO JkQGDFXOXL GLQ &RORUDGR (ILFLHQĠD
DFHVWRUDYDULD]ăvQVăPXOWGHODR]RQăODDOWDúLGHODXQDQODDOWXO
&HHD FH WUHEXLH UHĠLQXW HVWH IDSWXO Fă DFHVW GăXQăWRU DUH R
DELOLWDWHGHDGUHSWXOOHJHQGDUăGHDGH]YROWDUH]LVWHQĠăODRJDPăODUJă
GH SHVWLFLGH IRORVLWH vPSRWULYD VD 3UHGLVSR]LĠLD PDUH SHQWUX UH]LVWHQĠă
SDUHVăILHRFDUDFWHULVWLFăvQQăVFXWăDVSHFLHL3UREDELOHVWHFDX]DWăvQ
PDUH SDUWH GH FRHYROXĠLD JkQGDFXOXL FX SODQWHOH VDOH JD]Gă GLQ
)DP Solanaceea, SODQWH FX R PDUH FRQFHQWUDĠLH GH WR[LQH vQ VSHFLDO
JOLFRDOFDORL]L3ULPHOHUDSRDUWHLQGLFDXDSDULĠLDUH]LVWHQĠHLJkQGDFXOXLGLQ
&RORUDGR OD''7DSRL ODGLHOGULQKLGURFDUEXULFORULQDWHÌQDQLLXUPăWRUL
VDGH]YROWDWUH]LVWHQĠDIDĠăGHSURGXVHOHRUJDQRIRVIRULFHúLFDUEDPDWH
ÌQ SUH]HQW SRSXODĠLLOH JkQGDFXOXL SUH]LQWă UH]LVWHQĠă SH DULL JHRJUDILFH
LPSRUWDQWH OD SURGXVHOH RUJDQRFORULQDWH FDUEDPDĠL RUJDQRIRVIRULFH úL

39
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

SLUHWURL]L &UL]D LQGXVă GH UH]LVWHQĠă D IRVW WHPSRUDU RSULWă SULQ

LQWURGXFHUHD LQVHFWLFLGHORU QHRQLFRWLQRLGH H[WUHP GH HILFLHQWH )RORVLUHD
SHVFDUăPDUHDDFHVWRUSURGXVHúLXQHRULODGR]HPDLPDULGHFkWFHOH
RPRORJDWH YD GXFH LQHYLWDELO vQWUXQ YLLWRU QX SUHD vQGHSăUWDW OD
VHOHFĠLRQDUHDGHSRSXODĠLLUH]LVWHQWH
0HFDQLVPHOH GH UH]LVWHQĠă VXQW IRDUWH GLIHULWH FKLDU vQ ]RQH
JHRJUDILFHUHODWLYDSURSLDWH0DLPXOWFKLDULQVHFWDSUH]LQWăRUH]LVWHQĠă
vQFUXFLúDWă OD SURGXVHOH RUJDQRIRVIRULFH úL FDUEDPDWH úL UH]LVWHQĠă
PXOWLSOăODRUJDQRIRVIRULFHFDUEDPDĠLúLSLUHWURL]L
3ULPHOH PăVXUL GH FRQWURO FDUH SRW FRQWULEXL vQ PDUH PăVXUă OD
UHGXFHUHD SRSXODĠLLORU DFHVWHL LQVHFWH VXQW FHOH FRQVLGHUDWH FRPXQH
UHIHULWRDUHODURWDĠLHPRPHQWXOSODQWăULLVWUXFWXUDVRLXULORUFXOWXULFXUVH
5RWDĠLD FXOWXULORU VD GRYHGLW D IL HILFLHQWă QX QXPDL vPSRWULYD
JkQGDFXOXLGLQ&RORUDGRGDUúLDDOWRUSDWRJHQLúLEXUXLHQLGLQFXOWXUDGH
FDUWRI ÌQWUXQ FkPS FX R URWDĠLH GH  DQL YkUIXO GHQVLWăĠLL PD[LPH DWLQV
GH PDVD GH RXă SRDWH IL FX  PDL PLF FRPSDUDWLY FX XQ FkPS FX
PRQRFXOWXUă
3ODQWDUHDWkU]LHVDXWLPSXULHSRDWHFRQWULEXLODVXSULPDUHDFHOHL
GHDGRXDJHQHUDĠLLGHSRSXODĠLLODUYDUHÌQFD]XOSODQWăULLWkU]LLJHQHUDĠLD
GH YDUă DSDUH WkU]LX vQ SHULRDGD GH YHJHWDĠLH IRWRSHULRGLVPXO LQGXV GH
VFXUWDUHD ]LOHORU VWLPXOHD]ă GLDSDX]D UHSURGXFWLYă HOLPLQkQG DVWIHO SH
VFDUă ODUJă FHD GHD GRXD JHQHUDĠLH FX LPSDFW GXU DVXSUD FXOWXULL
3ODQWDUHD WLPSXULH HOLPLQă GH DVHPHQHD FHD GHD GRXD JHQHUDĠLH GH
ODUYH vQ DFHVW FD] GDWRULWă IDSWXOXL Fă UHFROWDUHD FXOWXULL GH FDUWRI HVWH
IRDUWHDSURDSHGHPRPHQWXODSDULĠLHLODUYHORU
&XOWXULOH FXUVH SRW IL IRORVLWH FX PXOW VXFFHV SHQWUX D DWUDJH
JkQGDFLLGHSDUWHGHFXOWXUDSULQFLSDOă([SHULHQĠHOHDXDUăWDWFăDFHVWHD
SRW LQWHUFHSWD DWkW DGXOĠLL KLEHUQDQĠL FDUH FRORQL]HD]ă SULPăYDUD FXOWXUD
FkW úL DGXOĠLL FDUH WkU]LX VSUH ILQDOXO SHULRDGHL GH YHJHWDĠLH SăUăVHVF
SODQWHOHVHQHVFHQWH
3HOkQJăPHWRGHOHFXOWXUDOHVHIRORVHVFFXVXFFHVúLRVHULHGH
PHWRGH IL]LFH SHQWUX UHGXFHUHD SRSXODĠLLORU JkQGDFXOXL GLQ &RORUDGR
2SRVLELOăDVWIHOGHPHWRGăDUHvQYHGHUHVăSDUHDXQRUúDQĠXULFăSWXúLWH
FX SODVWLF DOLQLDWH GHD OXQJXO XQHL PDUJLQL GH FkPS FX VFRSXO GH D
LQWHUFHSWD DGXOĠLL FDUH LHV GLQ GLDSDX]ă úL VH SUHJăWHVF Vă FRORQL]H]H
SULPăYDUD FXOWXUD GH FDUWRI 5H]XOWDWHOH XQRU DVWIHO GH H[SHULHQĠH DX
DUăWDW Fă vQ GHFXUV GH R OXQă WLPS vQ FDUH PDMRULWDWHD DGXOĠLORU LHV GLQ
VROSHPGHVDQĠSRWIL JăVLĠL GHJkQGDFL $SUR[LPDWLYGLQ
JkQGDFLL FDSWXUDĠL VXQW UHĠLQXĠL vQ úDQĠ $OWH PHWRGH GH FRQWURO LQFOXG
FRPEDWHUHWHUPLFăFXSURSDQúLFROHFWRUXOFXYDFXXPPRQWDWSHWUDFWRU

40
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

WHKQLFă IRORVLWă úL GH ,1&'&6= %UDúRY vQ FkPSXO HFRORJLF GH FDUWRI
3ULQ FRPELQDUHD DFHVWRU GRXă WHKQLFL FUHúWH HILFLHQĠD FRQWUROXOXL DFHVWD
ILLQGFRPSDUDELOFXFHODOXQXLWUDWDPHQWFKLPLF
*kQGDFXOGLQ&RORUDGRHVWHFDSDELOVăGHIROLH]HFRPSOHWFXOWXUD
GH FDUWRI GDU OD R LQIHVWDUH  UHGXVPRGHUDWă SODQWHOH VXQW GHVWXO GH
WROHUDQWH OD GHIROLHUH ÌQ SULPHOH ID]H GH YHJHWDĠLH SRW WROHUD
 GHIROLHUH OD PLMORFXO SHULRDGHL GH YHJHWDĠLH  úL SkQă OD
 GHIROLHUH OD VIkUúLWXO YHJHWDĠLHL IăUă R UHGXFHUH VHPQLILFDWLYă GH
SURGXFĠLH 1X SXWHP DILUPD Fă H[LVWă VRLXUL GH FDUWRI UH]LVWHQWH vQ
DGHYăUDWXO VHQV DO FXYkQWXOXL &DUWRIXO PRGLILFDW JHQHWLF SULQ
LQWURGXFHUHD JHQHL GHOWDHQGRWR[LQă GH OD Bacillus thuringiensis HVWH
UHVSLQV GH FRQVXPDWRULL GLQ PDMRULWDWHD VWDWHORU HXURSHQH úL FKLDU úL
GH FHL GLQ 6WDWHOH 8QLWH SUHRFXSDĠL GH UHSHUFXVLXQLOH KUDQHL PRGLILFDWH
JHQHWLFDVXSUDVăQăWăĠLL
0ăVXULOH FXOWXUDOH DSOLFDWH FRQVHFYHQW YRU FRQWULEXL OD FUHúWHUHD
FDSDFLWăĠLL SODQWHORU GH FDUWRI GH D UH]LVWD OD DWDFXO JkQGDFXOXL GLQ
&RORUDGR 6D FRQVWDWDW Fă vQ FXOWXULOH IHUWLOL]DWH FX DPHQGDPHQWH
SURYHQLWH GLQ JXQRLXO GH JUDMG vQ FRPELQDĠLH FX GR]H UHGXVH GH
vQJUăúăPLQWHFKLPLFHSRSXOĠLLOHJkQGDFXOXLGLQ&RORUDGRDXIRVWPXOWPDL
UHGXVH FRPSDUDWLY FX VXSWDIHĠHOH IHUWLOL]DW FKLPLF úL FDUH QX DX SULPLW
vQJUăúăPkQWRUJDQLF
6HFUHWXO VXFFHVXOXL FD GăXQăWRU DO JkQGDFXOXL GLQ &RORUDGR
FRQVWă vQ FLFOXO ELRORJLF GLYHUV úL IOH[LELO FXSODW FX R UHPDUFDELOă
DGDSWDELOLWDWH 'H DFHHD SHQWUX FD HIRUWXO IHUPLHULORU GH DO FRQWUROD Vă
DLEăVXFFHVHVWHQHFHVDUăRDERUGDUHGLYHUVăIOH[LELOăúLGHFDSDFLWDWHD
GHDGDSWDUHODFLUFXPVWDQĠHOHPHUHXVFKLPEăWRDUH
ÌQFUHGHUHD OLSVLWă GH UDĠLXQH vQWUR VLQJXUă WDFWLFă GH FRQWURO D
DFHVWXL GăXQăWRU LQGLIHUHQW FkW GH ELQH HVWH IXQGDPHQWDWă HVWH VRUWLWă
HúHFXOXL6LQJXUXOPRGHILFLHQWGHFRQWUROHVWHDFHODGHDLQWHJUDWHKQLFL
PXOWLSOH ED]DWH SH FHOH PDL UHFHQWH UH]XOWDWH úWLLQĠLILFH úL QX vQ XOWLPXO
UkQGSULQvQĠHOHJHUHDELRORJLHLDFHVWXLGăXQăWRU








41
Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014













42
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

9LHUPLLVkUPăGăXQăWRULYHFKLSUREOHPHQRL

'DQLHOD'RQHVFX
,1&'&6=%UD‫܈‬RY

9LHUPLL VkUPă VXQW ODUYH VXEWHUDQH DOH JkQGDFLORU SRFQLWRUL
Agriotes VSS Selatosomus VSS Athous VSS Pseudathous VSS
Melanotus VSS HWF 6XQW SUH]HQĠL vQ IRDUWH PXOWH FXOWXUL DJULFROH GDU
GăXQDUHD FHD PDL LPSRUWDQWă VH PDQLIHVWă OD FDUWRI GHRDUHFH SDUWHD
FRQVXPDELOăDFXOWXULLVHDIOăvQVRO
3DJXEHOHSURGXVHGHODUYHWUHFXQHRULQHREVHUYDWHGHRDUHFHQX
VH vQUHJLVWUHD]ă D VFăGHUH VHPQLILFDWLYă D SURGXFĠLHL 6LWXDĠLD VH
VFKLPEă vQVă vQ WLPSXO GHSR]LWăULL WXEHUFXOLL DWDFDĠL úL VXSUDLQIHFWDĠL FX
EDFWHULL úL FLXSHUFL VH VWULFă úL OD FRPHUFLDOL]DUH FkQG DVSHFWXO
WXEHUFXOLORUvLIDFHQHFRPHUFLDELOL
9LHUPLLVkUPăSHWUHFPDLPXOĠLDQLvQVROFLFOXOELRORJLFFRPSOHW
GH OD RX OD DGXOW GXUHD]ă DSUR[LPDWLY  DQL vQ IXQFĠLH GH VSHFLH úL GH
FRQGLĠLLOH GH PHGLX 'XUDWD VWDGLXOXL ODUYDU HVWH vQ PDUH PăVXUă
GHSHQGHQW GH KUDQă WHPSHUDWXUD úL XPLGLWDWHD VROXOXL &D R
FDUDFWHULVWLFă JHQHUDOă ODUYHOH UăPkQ vQ VRO PDMRULWDWHD FLFOXOXL ORU
ELRORJLFWUHFkQGSULQPDLPXOWHVWDGLL
$GXOĠLL QX VXQW GăXQăWRUL GHRDUHFH VH KUăQHVF SHULRDGH VFXUWH
GHWLPSSHYHJHWDĠLDVSRQWDQăÌQGHFXUVXOXQXLVH]RQYLHUPLLVkUPăVH
GHSODVHD]ă SULQ VRO SH YHUWLFDOă &kQG WHPSHUDWXULOH VXQW PRGHUDWH 
ƒ&SRWILJăVLĠLDSURDSHGHVXSUDIDĠDVROXOXLFRERUkQGODDGkQFLPHFkQG
WHPSHUDWXUD HVWH ILH IRDUWH ULGLFDWă ILH IRDUWH VFă]XWă /D VIkUúLWXO
SULPăYHULL ODUYHOH FRPSOHW GH]YROWDWH úL ELQH KUăQLWH VH vPSXSHD]ă vQ
FăVXĠHSXSDOHODFkĠLYDFPvQVRO$GXOĠLLLHVGLQVROILLQGIRDUWHDFWLYLSH
WLPSXO YHULL $FWLYLWDWHD ORU HVWH PDL LQWHQVă VHDUD úL QRDSWHD
DVFXQ]kQGXVH vQ YHJHWDĠLH VDX vQ VRO SH WLPSXO ]LOHL )HPHOHOH FDUH
GHSXQ SRQWD SUHIHUă ]RQHOH vPEXUXLHQDWH VDX FX LHUEXUL SRQWD ILLQG
IRUPDWăGLQGHRXă
9LHUPLLVkUPăVXQWRPQLYRULKUăQLQGXVHFXDOWHLQVHFWHGLQVRO
FXUăGăFLQLGHSODQWHúLEXUXLHQLÌQFXOWXULOHDJULFROHvQFDUHVXQWLQWHQV
FRPEăWXWH EXUXLHQLOH LDU WHUHQXO HVWH FXOWLYDW YLHUPLL  WUHEXLH Vă VH
PXOĠXPHDVFăFXVLQJXUDKUDQăGLVSRQLELOăSăUĠLOHVXEWHUDQHDOHSODQWHORU
FXOWLYDWH /DUYHOH VH KUăQHVF FX FDUWRIXO SHQWUX VăPkQĠă VOăELQG
YLJRDUHD DFHVWXLD 'ăXQDUHD FHD PDL LPSRUWDQWă VH PDQLIHVWă SULQ
PXOWLWXGLQHDGHJDOHULLGLQWXEHUFXOLFHFRQGXFHODRUHGXFHUHDSUHFLDELOă

43
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

D FDOLWăĠLL SURGXFĠLHL REĠLQXWH *DOHULLOH VXQW SRUĠL GH SăWUXQGHUH SHQWUX

DJHQĠLL SDWRJHQL FDUH FRQWULEXLH OD SXWUH]LUHD WXEHUFXOLORU ÌQ XQLL DQL
DSUR[LPDWLYGLQWRWDOXOWXEHUFXOLORUUHFROWDĠLSRWILDWDFDĠLGHYLHUPL
VkUPăFHHDFHSURGXFHIHUPLHUXOXLLPSRUWDQWHSLHUGHULILQDQFLDUH
9LHUPLL VXQW DWUDúL GH XPLGLWDWHD ULGLFDWă GHQVLWDWHD SRSXODĠLHL
ODUYHORUILLQGPDUHvQ]RQHOHXPHGHDOHFXOWXULLGHFDUWRIÌQWLPSXOYHULORU
IRDUWHFăOGXURDVHúLVHFHWRDVHYLHUPLLVkUPăLHVGLQWXEHUFXOLvQFăXWDUH
GHKUDQăúLXPH]HDOăFRPSRUWDPHQWFDUHGXFHODDFFHOHUDUHDGăXQăULL
6D FRQVWDW Fă JUDGXO GH GăXQDUH DO WXEHUFXOLORU FUHúWH FX FkW DFHúWLD
UăPkQvQVROPDLPXOWWLPS

(YDOXDUHDULVFXOXLGăXQăULLSURGXVHGHYLHUPLVkUPăQHFHVLWă

HYDOXDUHDFkPSXOXLúLDIDFWRULORUGHULVFLVWRULFXOFXOWXULORUúLDO
GăXQăULL 3DUFHOHOH FX SRSXODĠLL PDUL GH YLHUPL VkUPă UăPkQ LQIHVWDWH
PDL PXOĠL DQL 'HRDUHFH LHUEXULOH VXQW SODQWH JD]Gă H[FHOHQWH SHQWUX
DFHúWLGăXQăWRULVXSUDIHĠHOHFXUăĠDWHGHFXUkQGGDUFDUHDQWHULRUDXIRVW
WXQVH JD]RQ VDX DX IRVW SăúXQL WUHEXLH HYLWDWH úL QX YRU IL LQWURGXVH vQ
SURGXFHUHD GH FDUWRI GHRDUHFH ULVFXO GH D IL LQIHVWDWH FX YLHUPL VkUPă
HVWH IRDUWH PDUH 7UHEXLH UHĠLQXW Fă SRSXODĠLL PDUL GH YLHUPL VkUPă VH
vQWkOQHVFvQ]RQHOHPDLMRDVHDOHXQXLFkPSIHUWLOL]DWFXJXQRLGHJUDMG

 HYDOXDUHD SRSXODĠLLORU GH YLHUPL VkUPă GLQ VRO 3HQWUX XQ
PDQDJHPHQW HILFLHQW DO YLHUPLORU VkUPă WUHEXLH FXQRVFXWă SRSXODĠLD
LQLĠLDOă $FHDVWD VH SRDWH IDFH SULQ VRQGDUHD VROXOXL VDX FX DMXWRUXO
FDSFDQHORU FX PRPHOL &X DMXWRUXO VRQGDMHORU GH VRO VH UHFROWHD]ă
PDWHULDOXO ELRORJLF UHSUH]HQWDW GH RXă ODUYH GH GLIHULWH YkUVWH úL SXSH
$YDQWDMXO IRORVLULL VRQGDMHORU FRQVWă vQ REĠLQHUHD PDWHULDOXOXL ELRORJLF GH
SH R DQXPLWă VXSUDIDĠă 6H SRW IDFH GHWHUPLQăUL H[DFWH SULYLQG
GHQVLWDWHD úL VWUXFWXUD SRSXODĠLLORU GH YLHUPL VkUPă 7UHEXLH PHQĠLRQDW
IDSWXOFăYLHUPLLVkUPăVHvQWkOQHVFGHFHOHPDLPXOWHRULJUXSDĠLODXQORF
vQ FkPS FHHD FH LPSXQH XQ YROXP PDUH GH PXQFă QHFHVDU ULGLFăULL
SUREHORUGHVROúLSUHOXFUăULLPDWHULDOXOXL'DWRULWăPHWRGHLODERULRDVHGH
VRQGDUH D WHUHQXOXL IRDUWH SXĠLQL IHUPLHUL UHFXUJ OD DFHDVWD vQ
PDQDJHPHQWXOFRQWUROXOXLYLHUPLORUVkUPă
3HQWUXGHSăúLUHDSUREOHPHORUJUHOHULGLFDWHGHVRQGDUHDVROXOXL
FHUFHWDUHD VD D[DW vQ XOWLPLL DQL SH SXQHUHD OD SXQFW D IHURPRQLORU
DWUDFWDQĠL VH[XDOL SHQWUX DGXOĠLL YLHUPLORU VkUPă 5H]XOWDWHOH DUDWă Fă
FXUVHOH IHURPRQDOH VXQW PXOW PDL VHQVLELOH vQ GHWHFWDUHD SRSXODĠLLORU

44
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

UHGXVH GH DGXOĠL úL GHFL D SRSXODĠLLORU GH YLHUPL VkUPă FRPSDUDWLY FX
VRQGHOHGHFkPS
ÌQ FXOWXUD GH FDUWRI FRQWUROXO FKLPLF DO YLHUPLORU VkUPă HVWH
HILFLHQWă GRDU vQ PLFă PăVXUă $FHDVWD vQVHDPQă Fă IRORVLUHD
LQVHFWLFLGHORUWUHEXLHVăILHXOWLPXOPLMORFODFDUHVăVHUHFXUJăPHWRGHOH
FXOWXUDOH ILLQG FHOH PDL SRWULYLWH &RQWUROXO DUH vQ YHGHUH DFĠLXQL
vQWUHSULQVH vPSRWULYD ODUYHORU ,QVHFWLFLGHOH UHFRPDQGDWH SHQWUX D IL
HILFLHQWH WUHEXLH vQFRUSRUDWH vQ VRO OD R DGkQFLPH GH FHO SXĠLQ  FP
&HOH PDL EXQH SURGXVH FKLPLFH UHFRPDQGDWH FRQWULEXLH OD UHGXFHUHD
GăXQăULLWXEHUFXOLORUDFĠLRQkQGvQVăOLPLWDWDVXSUDJUDGXOXLGHLQIHVWDUHD
FkPSXOXL FX YLHUPL VkUPă 'DFă SRSXODĠLLOH GH ODUYH DX IRVW HILFLHQW
FRQWURODWH vQ PRG QRUPDO R UHLQIHVWDUH FDUH Vă DWLQJă SUDJXO HFRQRPLF
GH GăXQDUH QX WUHEXLH Vă DSDUă PDL GHYUHPH GH  DQL ,QVHFWLFLGHOH
DSOLFDWHSHWXEHUFXOLSURWHMHD]ăFXOWXUDGHFDUWRIvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLH
GDUUHGXFHUHDSRSXODĠLHLGHYLHUPLVkUPăGLQVROHVWHGHVWXOGHUHGXVă
2 PDUH SDUWH GLQ VXEVWDQĠHOH DFWLYH RPRORJDWH GHD OXQJXO
WLPSXOXL SHQWUX FRQWUROXO SRSXODĠLLORU GH YLHUPL VkUPă OD FDUWRI DX IRVW
UHWUDVH GH SH SLDĠă )LLQG GăXQăWRUL VXEWHUDQL YLHUPLL VkUPă DX UHODWLY
SXĠLQLSUăGăWRULúLSDUD]LĠLÌQXOWLPXOWLPSvQOXPHFHUFHWăULOHVDXD[DWSH
HILFLHQĠD XQRU VSHFLL GH QHPDWR]L HQWRPRSDWRJHQL UH]XOWDWHOH ILLQG vQVă
YDULDELOH ([LVWă vQVă XQ SRWHQĠLDO LPSRUWDQW vQ IRORVLUHD FLXSHUFLORU
HQWRPRSDWRJHQHFXPHVWHMetarhizium anisopliae. $FHVWRUJDQLVPHVWH
DFWLY vQ PRG QDWXUDO vQ VRO DFĠLRQkQG DVXSUD XQRU VSHFLL GLIHULWH GH
LQVHFWH ([LVWă GHMD IRUPXOăUL JUDQXODWH FDUH FRQĠLQ VSRULL DFHVWHL
FLXSHUFL3URGXVXOVHDSOLFăvQULJROHFRQFRPLWHQWFXSODQWDWXOFDUWRIXOXL
&RPSDUDWLYFXVROHOHQHWUDWDWHFDUWRIXOUHFROWDWGHSHVXSUDIHĠHOHWUDWDWH
FX DFHVW SURGXV  D IRVW GH GRXă RUL PDL SURWHMDW HILFLHQĠD DFHVWXL
WUDWDPHQWILLQGFRPSDUDELOăFXFHDDSURGXVHORURUJDQRIRVIRULFH

ÌQFRQFOX]LH

 VH YD HYLWD FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL SH WHUHQXUL LQIHVWDWH FX YLHUPL
VkUPă
SULQDUăWXUăDGkQFăúLGLVFXLWYLHUPLLVkUPăVXQWH[SXúLDFĠLXQLL
SUăGăWRULORUúLSăVăULORU
GXSăFHRVXSUDIDĠăDIRVWFXUăĠDWăGH LHUEXUL DWDFXO YLHUPLORU
VkUPăHVWHPDLSXWHUQLFvQDOGRLOHDVDXDOWUHLOHDDQ
 HVWH LQGLFDWă UHFROWDUHD FkW PDL WLPSXULH D FDUWRIXOXL GHRDUHFH
GăXQDUHDSURGXVăGHODUYHWLQGHVăFUHDVFăGHODPLMORFXOOXQLLDXJXVW
QXH[LVWăVRLXULUH]LVWHQWHODDWDFXOYLHUPLORUVkUPă

45
Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

46
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

,GHQWLILFDUHDGHQRLJHQRWLSXULWROHUDQWH
ODVWUHVXOKLGULFSULQWHKQLFLGHFXOWLYDUHin vitro

0LKDHOD&LRORFD$QGUHHD1LVWRU1LFROHWD&KLUX0RQLFD3RSD
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

'HRDUHFH PDMRULWDWHD VRLXULORU GH FDUWRI VXQW FUHDWH úL DGDSWDWH

OD FRQGLĠLLOH VSHFLILFH UHJLXQLORU WHPSHUDWH DFHVWHD JHQHUHD]ă FHOH PDL
EXQH SURGXFĠLL vQ ]RQHOH FX WHPSHUDWXUL PRGHUDWH úL vQ FRQGLĠLL GH ]L
OXQJă 7HPSHUDWXULOH ULGLFDWH úL OLSVD SUHFLSLWDĠLLORU VXQW IDFWRUL GH VWUHV
DELRWLF FH GHWHUPLQă VFăGHUL vQVHPQDWH GH SURGXFĠLH $YkQG vQ YHGHUH
IDSWXOFăSURGXFHUHDFDUWRIXOXLVHRULHQWHD]ăVSUHQRLUHJLXQLGHSHJORE
XQGH DWkW WHPSHUDWXULOH ULGLFDWH FkW úL UHVXUVHOH OLPLWDWH GH DSă VDX
DPEHOH UHSUH]LQWă IDFWRUL UHVWULFWLYL SHQWUX REĠLQHUHD XQRU SURGXFĠLL GH
FDOLWDWH VDUFLQD FHUFHWăWRULORU úL WRWRGDWă R SURYRFDUH R UHSUH]LQWă
JăVLUHD DFHORU JHQRWLSXUL GH FDUWRI WROHUDQWH OD IDFWRULL OLPLWDWLYL DPLQWLĠL
PDLVXV6WXGLLOHGHJHQHWLFăUHDOL]DWHSkQăvQSUH]HQWHYLGHQĠLD]ăIDSWXO
FăH[LVWăVSHFLLúLFKLDUVRLXULGHFDUWRIUH]LVWHQWHODVWUHVXODELRWLF 
&DUWRIXO Solanum tuberosum, / UHSUH]LQWă XQXO GLQWUH SULPHOH
SDWUX DOLPHQWH GH ED]ă GLQ OXPH LDU vQ SUH]HQW H[LVWă SHVWH  GH
VRLXULDGDSWDWHODGLYHUVHFRQGLĠLLGHPHGLXvQUHJLXQLFXWLSXULGLIHULWHGH
VROúLFRQGLĠLLFOLPDWLFHYDULDWH&RQIRUPGDWHORUIXUQL]DWHGH)$2DFHVWH
FDUDFWHULVWLFL úL SODVWLFLWDWHD HFRORJLFă GH FDUH VH EXFXUă FDUWRIXO
SODVHD]ăDFHDVWăFXOWXUăSULQWUHFHOHPDLLPSRUWDQWHGLQOXPHMXFkQGXQ
UROHVHQĠLDOvQDVLJXUDUHDVHFXULWăĠLLúLVLJXUDQĠHLDOLPHQWDUH)$2
7RWXúL FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL HVWH DIHFWDWă GH QXPHURúL IDFWRUL GH
VWUHV ELRWLF úL DELRWLF 'LIHULWHOH VWXGLL UHDOL]DWH SkQă vQ SUH]HQW WLQG Vă
FDUDFWHUL]H]H úL Vă LGHQWLILFH QRL VXUVH GH UH]LVWHQĠă VDX WROHUDQĠă OD
DFHúWL IDFWRUL GH VWUHV FX VFRSXO GH D OH LQWHJUD vQ SURJUDPHOH GH
DPHOLRUDUH FDUH Vă FRQGXFă vQ ILQDO OD REĠLQHUHD GH QRL VRLXUL
UH]LVWHQWHWROHUDQWH ÌQ OLWHUDWXUD GH VSHFLDOLWDWH SULQWUH FHL PDL vQWkOQLĠL
IDFWRULGHVWUHVDELRWLFODFXOWXUDFDUWRIXOXLVHQXPăUăWHPSHUDWXULIRDUWH
ULGLFDWHVDXIRDUWHVFă]XWHVDOLQLWDWHDFUHVFXWăDVROXOXLGHILFLWXOGHDSă
úLFRQWDPLQDUHDFXPHWDOHJUHOH'LQWUHIDFWRULLDPLQWLĠLPDLVXVFHOPDL
UHVWULFWLYSHQWUXFDUWRIHVWHGHILFLWXOGHDSăVDXVHFHWD

47
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

$SD HVWH YLWDOă SHQWUX FUHúWHUHD úL GH]YROWDUHD SODQWHORU

QXPHURDVH SURFHVH IL]LRORJLFH ILLQG DIHFWDWH vQ PRPHQWXO vQ FDUH DFHVW
HOHPHQWHVWHUHVWULFĠLRQDWÌQFD]XOFDUWRIXOXLGHILFLWXO GHDSăvQID]DGH
WXEHUL]DUH FDX]HD]ă SLHUGHULOH FHOH PDL vQVHPQDWH GH SURGXFĠLH
FRPSDUDWLY FX DOWH VWDGLL GH GH]YROWDUH DOH SODQWHL $QLWKDNXPDUL úL
FRODE  (IHFWHOH PDMRUH DOH GHILFLWXOXL GH DSă DVXSUD SODQWHL GH
FDUWRI VH UHIOHFWă vQ UHGXFHUHD DQXPLWRU SDUDPHWUL PRUIRORJLFL SUHFXP
VXSUDIDĠD IROLDUă QXPăUXO GH IUXQ]H vQăOĠLPHD SODQWHL QXPăUXO GH
WXEHUFXOLQXPăUXOGHUăGăFLQLúLELRPDVD
8QD GLQWUH PHWRGHOH XWLOL]DWH SHQWUX HYDOXDUHD WROHUDQĠHL OD
VWUHVXO KLGULF VH ED]HD]ă SH H[SHULHQĠHOH HIHFWXDWH vQ FkPS GHVFKLV
7RWXúL FRQGLĠLLOH GH PHGLX YDULD]ă IRDUWH PXOW GH OD R UHJLXQH OD DOWD úL
VXQW JUHX GH FRQWURODW 3HQWUX HOLPLQDUHD DFHVWXL LQFRQYHQLHQW
H[SHULPHQWHOH WUHEXLH Vă ILH UHSDUWL]DWH vQ GLIHULWH ORFDĠLL VDX GLIHULWH
SHULRDGH GLQ DQ FX XQ FRQVXP VXEVWDQĠLDO GH VSDĠLX WLPS IRUĠă GH
PXQFăPDWHULDOHúLHFKLSDPHQWH2PHWRGăDOWHUQDWLYăFDUHSRDWHRIHUL
R VHULH GH DYDQWDMH R UHSUH]LQWă FXOWLYDUHD in vitro D FDUWRIXOXL ÌQ
OLWHUDWXUă H[LVWă QXPHURDVH VWXGLL FDUH XWLOL]HD]ă WHKQLFL GH FXOWLYDUH in
vitro vQ FRPELQDĠLH FX GLIHULĠL DJHQĠL FKLPLFL D FăURU SURSULHWDWH GH
LQGXFHUH D VWUHVXO KLGULF VH ED]HD]ă SH UHVWULFĠLRQDUHD XWLOL]ăULL DSHL GLQ
PHGLXO GH FXOWXUă GH FăWUH SODQWH 3ULQWUH DFHVWHD DPLQWLP PDQLWROXO
VRUELWROXO FORUXUD GH VRGLX DJDUXO SROLHWLOHQJOLFROXO 3(* DFHVWD GLQ
XUPăILLQGFHOPDLUHFRPDQGDWGHRDUHFHQXSăWUXQGHvQFHOXODYHJHWDOă
úLUHGXFHvQDFHODúLWLPSSRWHQĠLDOXOYDORULILFăULLDSHLGLQPHGLXOXLQXWULWLY
vQFDUHVHGH]YROWăSODQWHOH0DQRMúLFRODE
ÌQ DQXO  VWXGLXO VXUVHORU GH JHUPRSODVPă OD FDUWRI D IRVW
H[WLQV SULQ LQLĠLHUHD GH FHUFHWăUL FX SULYLUH OD SRVLELOLWDWHD LGHQWLILFăULL GH
QRLJHQRWLSXULWROHUDQWHUH]LVWHQWHODVWUHVXOKLGULFvQFDGUXOXQRUSRSXODĠLL
SURYHQLWH GLQ VăPkQĠă ERWDQLFă FDUDFWHUL]DWH SULQWUXQ JUDG PDUH GH
XQLIRUPLWDWH D LQGLYL]LORU OLQLL L]RJHQH 0DWHULDOXO ELRORJLF XWLOL]DW HVWH R
FUHDĠLH D ILUPHL %HMR =DGHQ GLQ 2ODQGD úL D IRVW OXDW vQ VWXGLX OD
,1&'&6= %UDúRY vQFHSkQG FX DQXO  5H]XOWDWHOH REĠLQXWH vQ
SHULRDGD±FXSULYLUHODFRPSRUWDUHDDFHVWRUOLQLLL]RJHQHDWkW
vQ VSDĠLL SURWHMDWH FkW úL vQ FRQGLĠLL GH FkPS vQ GRXă ORFDĠLL GLIHULWH
/ă]DUHD MXGHĠXO +DUJKLWD úL %UDúRY DX IRVW vQFXUDMDWRDUH

48
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&RPSDUDWLYFXVRLXULOHPDUWRU6DQWpúL5XVWLFOLQLLOHL]RJHQHDXREĠLQXW

UH]XOWDWH FRPSHWLWLYH vQ FHHD FH SULYHúWH XQLIRUPLWDWHD SURGXFWLYLWDWHD
FDOLWDWHD FXOLQDUă úL WHKQRORJLFă $VWIHO vQ DFHVW DQ DX IRVW GHPDUDWH
FHUFHWăUL FX SULYLUH OD FRPSRUWDUHD DFHVWRU OLQLL úL vQ FRQGLĠLL GH VWUHV
KLGULF LQGXVH DUWLILFLDO SULQ FXOWLYDUHD in vitro D SODQWXOHORU GH FDUWRI
REĠLQXWH GLQ VăPkQĠă ERWDQLFă SH PHGLL GH FXOWXUă DGLĠLRQDWH FX
SROLHWLOHQJOLFRO úL VRUELWRO 3HQWUX DFHVW VWXGLX DX IRVW VHOHFĠLRQDĠL DFHL
LQGLYL]L FDUH DX DYXW R HYROXĠLH IDYRUDELOă SH XQ PHGLX VXSOLPHQWDW FX
PDQLWRO
/D ,QVWLWXWXO 1DĠLRQDO GH &HUFHWDUH  'H]YROWDUH SHQWUX &DUWRI úL
6IHFOă GH =DKăU %UDúRY vQ FDGUXO /DERUDWRUXOXL SHQWUX &XOWXUL GH
ğHVXWXUL 9HJHWDOH VWXGLLOH FX SULYLUH OD WHVWDUHD úL LGHQWLILFDUHD VXUVHORU
GH JHUPRSODVPă WROHUDQWHUH]LVWHQWH OD VWUHVXO KLGULF FRQVWLWXLH
R SULRULWDWH vQ FDGUXO DFWLYLWăĠLL GH FHUFHWDUH DYkQG vQ YHGHUH FRQWH[WXO
FOLPDWLF DFWXDO úL IDSWXO Fă IDFWRULL GHWHUPLQDQĠL DL VWUHVXOXL DELRWLF
DPHQLQĠăFXOWXUDFDUWRIXOXLvQUHJLXQLWRWPDLH[WLQVHGHSHJORE


%LEOLRJUDILH
 $QLWKDNXPDUL $0 'ROVWUD 2 9RVPDQ % 9LVVHU 5*) 9DQ GHU
/LQGHQ &*  In vitroVFUHHQLQJ DQG 47/ DQDO\VLV IRUGURXJKW
WROHUDQFHLQGLSORLGSRWDWR(XSK\WLFD±
 )RRG DQG $JULFXOWXUH 2UJDQL]DWLRQ RI WKH 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV )$2
&URS6WDWLVWLFV'DWDEDVHKWWSIDRVWWIDRRUJ
 0DQRM 5 . 5DMZDQW 5RKWDV 6 0DQX * 'KDZDQ $. 
'HYHORSLQJ VWUHVV WROHUDQW SODQWV WKURXJK in vitro VHOHFWLRQ 
$Q RYHUYLHZ RI WKH UHFHQW SURJUHVV (QYLURQPHQWDO DQG
([SHULPHQWDO%RWDQ\±

49
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&DUWRIXO±SURGXVDJURDOLPHQWDUQHOLSVLWGLQGLHWDRPXOXLPRGHUQ
%HQHILFLLOHXWLOL]ăULLXQRUSUHSDUDWHGLQFDUWRI

&DUPHQ%ăGăUăX)ORUHQWLQD'DPúD*KHRUJKH2OWHDQX
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

ÌQVROXĠLRQDUHDFUL]HL DOLPHQWDUH GH ODvQFHSXWXO DFHVWXLPLOHQLX
FDUWRIXO VH GRYHGHúWH D IL XQ SURGXV FX SHUVSHFWLYH SURPLĠăWRDUH &X
H[FHSĠLD JUkXOXL D SRUXPEXOXL úL D RUH]XOXL QLFL R DOWă FXOWXUă DJULFROă
QXVHEXFXUăGHRSRSXODULWDWHPDLPDUH&DUWRIXOHVWHFRQVLGHUDWGHXQLL
REDQDOLWDWHXQDOLPHQWVLPSOXúLLHIWLQKUDQDVăUDFLORUúLSODQWD]RQHORU
VăUDFH PDL SXĠLQ SURGXFWLYH ÌQ UHDOLWDWH vQVă SH OkQJă DOWH FXOWXUL
FDUWRIXO HVWH XQ SURGXV FDUH FRQWULEXLH OD vPEXQăWăĠLUHD UHJLPXOXL GH
KUDQă FX XQ DOLPHQW SURDVSăW ERJDW vQ YLWDPLQH VăUXUL PLQHUDOH úL
JOXFLGH
)LLQG FXFHULW GLQ FH vQ FH PDL PXOW GH DVSHFWXO úL JXVWXO KUDQHL
VXVFHSWLELOH Vă vL VWkUQHDVFă DSHWLWXO RPXO PRGHUQ XLWă DGHVHD GH
YDORDUHD QXWULĠLRQDOă D SURGXVHORU FRQVXPDWH $FHDVWă UHPDUFă HVWH
YDODELOăúLSHQWUXFDUWRIFDUHGLQDOLPHQWGHED]ăWLQGHVăGHYLQăGLQFH
vQFHPDLPXOWROHJXPăGHJDUQLWXUăPDLOHJDWăGH DUWDFXOLQDUăGHFkW
GHQHYRLOHQXWULWLYHUHDOHDOHRUJDQLVPXOXL
&DOLWDWHD DOLPHQWHORU GHULYă úL GLQ YDORDUHD QXWULĠLRQDOă D
DFHVWRUDLDUDFHDVWDGHSLQGHGHFRPSR]LĠLDFKLPLFăÌQVLQHUJLVPFXXQ
VWLO GH YLDĠă DFWLY FRQVXPXO GH DOLPHQWH FDUH VH GLVWLQJ SULQWUR YDORDUH
QXWULĠLRQDOă HFKLOLEUDWă DUH FD HIHFW vPEXQăWăĠLUHD FDOLWăĠLL YLHĠLL úL
SUHOXQJLUHDGXUDWHLGHYLDĠă3ULQWUHDFHVWHDOLPHQWHVHQXPăUăúLXQHOH
SUHSDUDWH FXOLQDUH GLQ FDUWRI WXEHUFXOLL DFHVWHL SODQWH GLVWLQJkQGXVH
SULQWUR GHRVHELWă YDORDUH QXWULĠLRQDOă úL FKLDU WHUDSHXWLFă &DUWRIXO HVWH
XúRUGLJHVWLELODUH LQGLFH JOLFHPLFPRGHUDWúLGHDFHHDHVWH QHOLSVLWGLQ
UHJLPXULOHGLHWHWLFH'DWRULWăSDOHWHLODUJLGHYLWDPLQHSHFDUHOHFRQĠLQH
FDUWRIXO FRQVWLWXLH R VXUVă GH VăQăWDWH SHQWUX FRQVXPDWRUL $YkQG vQ
YHGHUH WRDWH DFHVWH DUJXPHQWH SUHFXP úL IDSWXO Fă URDGHOH DFHVWHL
SODQWH VXQW SUHSDUDWH vQ GLIHULWH PRGXUL úL FRQVXPDWH SUHWXWLQGHQL vQ
OXPH FRQVLGHUăP Fă QX HVWH GH QHJOLMDW FXQRDúWHUHD úL PDL DOHV
DSUHFLHUHD FRUHFWă D FDOLWăĠLL QXWULĠLRQDOH úL FXOLQDUH D FDUWRIXOXL D
EHQHILFLLORU DGXVH GH FRQVXPXO XQRU SUHSDUDWH GLQ DFHDVWă OHJXPă±
PLUDFRO 'H FH PLUDFRO" ÌQ GHFXUVXO WLPSXOXL FDUWRIXOXL LDX IRVW
GHVFRSHULWH XQHOH YLUWXĠL WHUDSHXWLFH DWkW vQ PHGLFLQD SRSXODUă
WUDGLĠLRQDOăDXQRUSRSRDUHFkWúLvQPHGLFLQDPRGHUQăúWLLQĠLILFă

50
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

&RQIRUPXQRUVXUVHELEOLRJUDILFHFDUWRILLSRWILFRQVLGHUDĠLVXUVH
GH DOLPHQWH IXQFĠLRQDOH GHRDUHFH vQGHSOLQHúWH FHULQĠHOH HVHQĠLDOH FDUH
VH LPSXQ DFHVWHL FDWHJRULL GH DOLPHQWH úL DQXPH UHGXFHUHD ULVFXOXL GH
DSDULĠLHDXQRUDIHFĠLXQLFRPEDWHUHDXQRUPDODGLLvPEXQăWăĠLUHDVWăULLGH
VăQăWDWHDRUJDQLVPXOXL
'LQSXQFWGHYHGHUHWHUDSHXWLFFDUWRILLSUHJăWLĠLFRUHFWGLQSXQFW
GHYHGHUHFXOLQDUUHSUH]LQWăXQDOLPHQWKUăQLWRUXúRUGLJHUDELO6XFXOGH
FDUWRIL DUH DFĠLXQH GLXUHWLFă HPROLHQWă FDOPDQWă GH FLFDWUL]DUH D
PXFRDVHORUGLJHVWLYH'HDVHPHQHDVXFXOFUXGDUHHIHFWDQWLVSDVPRGLF
úLDQWLXOFHURV
&RQIRUPGDWHORUSUH]HQWDWHvQOXFUăULOHXQXLUHSXWDWRPGHúWLLQĠă
vQ GRPHQLXO ILWRWHUDSLHL 2 %RMRU PHPEUX DO $FDGHPLHL GH ùWLLQĠH
0HGLFDOH FDUWRIXO HVWH UHFRPDQGDW vQ GLIHULWH DIHFĠLXQL
&DUWRIXOHVWHPHQĠLRQDWFDILLQGIRORVLWvQILWRWHUDSLHGDUúLvQGLHWRWHUDSLH
,OLH7XGRUúLFRODEvQ
 EROLOHDSDUDWXOXLFDUGLRYDVFXODUHGHPHGHVWD]ăFDUGLDFă
 EROLOHDSDUDWXOXLGLJHVWLYJDVWULWHKLSHUDFLGHXOFHUH
 DIHFĠLXQLDOHILFDWXOXLúLSDQFUHDVXOXLOLWLD]ăELOLDUă
 DIHFĠLXQLDOHDSDUDWXOXLUHVSLUDWRUWXVH
 DIHFĠLXQLDOHDSDUDWXOXLXULQDU
- OLWLD]ăúLFROLFăUHQDOă
- VLQGURPGHUHWHQĠLHD]RWRDVă
 DIHFĠLXQLGHUPDWRORJLFHFRQWX]LL
 EROLGHQXWULĠLHúLPHWDEROLVPGLDEHW]DKDUDWWLS
 DIHFĠLXQLYDVFXODUHKHPRURL]L
1XWUHEXLHQHJOLMDWIDSWXOFăGXSăUHFROWDUHFDOLWăĠLOHQXWULWLYHDOH
FDUWRILORU GHSLQG GH FRQGLĠLLOH GH SăVWUDUH ± GHSR]LWDUH HOH SXWkQGXVH
GHJUDGD DWXQFL FkQG SUHGRPLQă IHQRPHQHOH FDWDEROLFH FkQG FDUWRILL VH
YH‫܈‬WHMHVF VDX VXQW YăWăPDĠL ORYLĠL ]JkULDĠL WăLDĠL FD] vQ FDUH VXQW
DWDFDĠLPDLXúRUGHEDFWHULLPXFHJDLXULVDXYLUXVXULDVWIHOGLQDOLPHQWH
´YLL´ úL ´EXQH´ GHYLQ SURGXVH GHJUDGDWH FDUH LHV GLQ FLUFXLWXO FRPHUFLDO
FHHDFHFRQGXFHLPSOLFLWODSLHUGHULHFRQRPLFHúLPDLDOHVODQHIRORVLUHD
ORUvQKUDQDILUHDVFăDRDPHQLORU%DQX&WLQúLFRODE
$WkW vQ WUDGLĠLD PHGLFLQLL SRSXODUH FkW úL vQ PHGLFLQD úWLLQĠLILFă
FDUWRIXOHVWHFRQVLGHUDWFDXQDOLPHQWGLHWHWLFGHED]ă
ÌQ EROLOH GH VWRPDF ERDOD XOFHURDVă JDVWULWHOH KLSHUDFLGH úL
FROLWHOHFURQLFHVHSRWSUHSDUDPHQLXULQXPDLSHED]ăGHFDUWRILILHUĠLVH
SUHIHUă VRLXULOH GH FDUWRI ERJDWH vQ DPLGRQ ÌQ GLYHUVH DIHFĠLXQL DOH
ILFDWXOXLúLDOHFăLORUELOLDUHvQJHQHUDODOLPHQWDĠLD GH ED]ăRUHSUH]LQWă

51
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

JOXFLGHOH 'H DFHHD vQ DVWIHO GH FD]XUL HVWH UHFRPDQGDW FRQVXPXO
SUHSDUDWHORUFXOLQDUHSHED]ăGHFDUWRIILHUWúLFRSW
$úDGDU EDQDOXO FDUWRI DU WUHEXL DSUHFLDW GH FRQVXPDWRUL úL
XWLOL]DWRUL QX QXPDL SHQWUX YDORDUHD VD QXWULĠLRQDOă VDX FXOLQDUă FL úL
SHQWUX PXOWLSOHOH DYDQWDMH WHUDSHXWLFH SH FDUH OH FRQIHUă GLHWHL RPXOXL
PRGHUQ«3RIWăEXQăODSUHSDUDWHSHED]ăGHFDUWRIL

%LEOLRJUDILH

 ,OLH 7XGRU ,DQĠD & 0LQRLX 0 9LQGHFDUH SULQ DOLPHQWDĠLH
*KLGSUDFWLFGHGLHWRWHUDSLH(GLWXUD.DPDOD%XFXUHúWL
 %DQX&WLQ'DQLHOD,DQLĠFKL&DPHOLD9L]LUHDQX(PLOLQD6ăKOHDQX
/LYLQJ)RRG'HDG)RRG$OLPHQWHYLL$OLPHQWHQHYLL*RRG)RRG%DG
)RRG$OLPHQWHEXQH$OLPHQWHUHOH(GLWXUD$6$%%XFXUHúWL

52
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

,PSRUWDQĠDFDUWRIXOXLFXFRQĠLQXWULGLFDWGHDQWRFLDQL
DVXSUDVWăULLGHVăQăWDWHúLFDOLWăĠLLYLHĠLL

$QGUHHD1LVWRU0LKDHOD&LRORFD1LFROHWD&KLUX0RQLFD3RSD
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

6ăQăWDWHDDGHYHQLWXQEXQGHRVHELWGHSUHĠLRVQXQXPDLSHQWUX
EXQăVWDUHD LQGLYLGXOXL FL úL D FROHFWLYLWăĠLORU XPDQH LDU SURWHMDUHD úL
SURPRYDUHDVăQăWăĠLLDGHSăúLWLQWHUHVXOLQGLYLGXDOúLVDWUDQVIRUPDWvQWU
RSUREOHPăGHSULPUDQJSHQWUXRULFHFRPXQLWDWHXPDQă
3URJUHVHOHGLQGRPHQLXOúWLLQĠHLDOLPHQWDĠLHLIXUQL]HD]ăLQGXVWULHL
DOLPHQWDUH QRL PHWRGH SHUIRUPDQWH SHQWUX FRQWURODUHD úL PRGLILFDUHD
VWUXFWXULL IL]LFH úL FRPSR]LĠLHL FKLPLFH D SURGXVHORU DOLPHQWDUH
3LDĠD SURGXVHORU DOLPHQWDUH FXQRDúWH R LQWHQVă vQQRLUH úL GLYHUVLILFDUH
SXVăSHVHDPDVDWLVIDFHULLGRULQĠHORU SUHIHULQĠHORUQHFHVLWăĠLORUúL QX vQ
XOWLPXO UkQG H[LJHQĠHORU WRW PDL PDUL DOH FRQVXPDWRULORU $FHVW IDSW D
GHWHUPLQDWVFKLPEăULPDMRUHvQGRPHQLXOFDOLWăĠLLGLVWULEXĠLHLúLSRDWHFHO
PDLLPSRUWDQWvQWHKQRORJLDGHSURGXFĠLHDDOLPHQWHORU
ÌQ XOWLPLL DQL D GHYHQLW R SURYRFDUH SHQWUX LQGXVWULD DOLPHQWDUă
LGHQWLILFDUHDXQRUQRLVXUVHYHJHWDOHHILFLHQWHGHSLJPHQĠLQRQWR[LFHúL
QRQSROXDQWH vQ VFRSXO vQORFXLULL FRORUDQĠLORU VLQWHWLFL XWLOL]DĠL vQ SUH]HQW
SH VFDUă ODUJă GDWRULWă VWDELOLWăĠLL ORU úL D SUHĠXOXL VFă]XW $QWRFLDQLL
DSDUĠLQ FODVHL IODYRQRL]LORU SURGXúL VHFXQGDUL DL PHWDEROLVPXOXL YHJHWDO
UHVSRQVDELOL SHQWUX QXDQĠHOH GH URúX ± DOEDVWUX  YLROHW DOH IUXFWHORU
IORULORUúLDXQRUOHJXPHILLQGFHOPDLLPSRUWDQWJUXSGHSLJPHQĠLYHJHWDOL
KLGURVROXELOL YL]LELOL GH FăWUH RFKLXO XPDQ ÌQ DFHVW PRPHQW VXQW
FXQRVFXĠL  DQWRFLDQL GLQWUH FDUH  DX IRVW LGHQWLILFDĠL GXSă DQXO

$QWRFLDQLL GLQ JUHDFă anthos  IORDUH úL kianos  DOEDVWUX VXQW
FHL PDL LPSRUWDQĠL SLJPHQĠL H[LVWHQĠL vQ SODQWH DFHúWLD QX VXQW WR[LFL úL
VXQW XúRUvQFRUSRUDELOL vQ PHGLL DSRDVH 2 PDUH DWHQĠLH D FHUFHWăWRULORU
HVWH D[DWă SH DFWLYLWDWHD DQWLR[LGDQĠLORU QDWXUDOL GDWRULWă SRWHQĠLDOXOXL
DFHVWRUDGHDUHGXFHQLYHOXOVWUHVXOXLR[LGDWLY2GDWăFXFUHúWHUHDFHUHULL
FRQVXPDWRULORU SHQWUX DOLPHQWH VăQăWRDVH D FUHVFXW úL FHUHUHD XWLOL]ăULL
DQWRFLDQXOXL FD úL FRORUDQW QDWXUDO GDWRULWă ÄSHGLJUHHXOXL´ úL D HIHFWHORU
WHUDSHXWLFH &D UH]XOWDW GLUHFW SURGXFĠLD GH DQWRFLDQL D FUHVFXW FX R
YLWH]ăXLPLWRDUH
$QWRFLDQLL SRW DVLJXUD RUJDQLVPXOXL SURWHFĠLH vPSRWULYD UHDFĠLLORU
QRFLYHLQWHQVHÌQOLWHUDWXUDGHVSHFLDOLWDWHVHUHJăVHVFPDLPXOWHVWXGLL
FDUH SUHFL]HD]ă XUPăWRDUHOH SURSULHWăĠL DOH DQWRFLDQLORU UHGXFHUHD

53
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

SURFHVHORU LQIODPDWRULL úL D VWUHVXOXL R[LGDWLY PăULUHD DFXLWăĠLL YL]XDOH

HIHFWH DQWLGLDEHWLFH úL VWLPXODUHD VHFUHĠLHL GH LQVXOLQă HIHFWH
KHSDWRSURWHFWRDUH HIHFWH EHQHILFH DVXSUD XQRU SURFHVH
QHXURGHJHQHUDWLYH ERDOD 3DUNLQVRQ $O]KHLPHU SURSULHWăĠL DQWLXOFHU
HIHFWHIRWRSURWHFWRDUHvPSRWULYDUDGLDĠLLORU89
'H DVHPHQHD DQWRFLDQLL VXQW YDORULILFDĠL vQ LQGXVWULD DOLPHQWDUă
)LJ  úL SH R VFDUă PDL PLFă vQ LQGXVWULD IDUPDFHXWLFă úL FRVPHWLFă
GHRDUHFH QX VXQW IRDUWH VWDELOL úL VH H[WUDJ GLQ PDWHULD SULPă vQWUXQ
SURFHQWUHGXV
3HQWUX FRQVXPDWRU XQ URO LPSRUWDQW vO DUH DVSHFWXO SURGXVHORU
DOLPHQWDUHXQIDFWRUPDMRUFDUHGHWHUPLQăDFHVWDVSHFWHVWHFXORDUHD
7XEHUFXOLL VRLXULORU GH S. tuberosum / SRW DYHD PDL PXOWH FXORUL GH OD
DOEJDOEHQPDURQLXUR]URúXYLROHWYLROHWDOEDVWUXODDSURDSHQHJUX
'H RELFHL vQ WXEHUFXOLL FX SXOSă úL FRDMă YLROHW H[LVWă GRXă
FDWHJRULL SULQFLSDOH GH SLJPHQĠL FDURWHQRLGHOH úL DQWRFLDQLL $WkW
DQWRFLDQLL FkW úL FDURWHQRLGHOH VXQW DQWLR[LGDQĠL LDU FUHDUHD VRLXULORU GH
FDUWRI FX FRQFHQWUDĠLL PXOW PDL PDUL RIHUă R QRXă UDĠLXQH GDWRULWă
SURPRYăULLXQXLFRQVXPGHFDUWRIERJDWvQDQWLR[LGDQĠL
ÌQ SUH]HQW QX VH FXQRVF FX H[DFWLWDWH VXSUDIHĠHOH FXOWLYDWH FX
FDUWRI URúXYLROHW H[LVWkQG GRFXPHQWH LQVXILFLHQWH ÌQ PXOWH ĠăUL FDUWRILL
FX SXOSD YLROHW WUH]HVF XQ GHRVHELW LQWHUHV FRQVXPDWRULL ILLQG DWUDúL GH
FXORDUHúLJXVWXOH[FHOHQWH[LVWkQGODRUDDFWXDOăRFHULQĠăFUHVFkQGăGLQ
DFHVWVRUWLPHQWSHSLDĠă
6FRSXO SULQFLSDO DO DPHOLRUDWRULORU úL SURGXFăWRULORU HVWH
VHOHFWDUHD VRLXULORU FX FRQĠLQXW ULGLFDW GH DQWRFLDQL DGHFYDWH FRQGLĠLLORU
GHPHGLX DQWRFLDQLLILLQG XWLOL]DĠL vQvPEXQăWăĠLUHDSLJPHQĠLORU QDWXUDOL‫܈‬L
REĠLQHUHDDQWLR[LGDQĠLORU
&RQFHQWUDĠLL ULGLFDWH GH DQWRFLDQL H[LVWHQWH vQ VWUDWXO HSLGHUPLF
LPSULPă FRMLL úL SXOSHL WXEHUFXOLORU FXORDUHD URúXYLROHW ÌQ SXOSD
WXEHUFXOLORU JUDGXO GH SLJPHQWDUH SRDWH DMXQJH SkQă OD YLROHW vQFKLV
IRDUWHLQWHQVDQWRFLDQLLGLQSXOSăILLQGUHSUH]HQWDĠLGHGXQJLVDXSHWHGH
SLJPHQW)LJÌQFDUWRIXOFXSXOSDURúLHYDORDUHDFDQWLWăĠLLDQWRFLDQLORU
SRDWHILLFXSULQVăvQWUHPJJLDUvQFHOFXSXOSDPRYvQWUH
PJJ
&DUWRILL FX XQ FRQĠLQXW PDUH GH DQWRFLDQL DX R YDORDUH
HFRQRPLFă GHRVHELWă &DSDFLWDWHD GH QHXWUDOL]DUH D UDGLFDOLORU OLEHUL
GLIHUă vQ IXQFĠLH GH FRQFHQWUDĠLD DQWLR[LGDQĠLORU FDUH vQ FDUWRILL FX SXOSD
YLROHWSRDWHILGHRULPDLPDUHGHFkWvQFHLFXSXOSDDOEJDOEHQă
3OHFkQGGHODVROLFLWăULOHWRWPDLPDULGHWXEHUFXOLFXSXOSDURúX
YLROHW GDWRUDW FRQĠLQXWXOXL ULGLFDW GH DQWRFLDQL /DERUDWRUXO GH &HUFHWDUH

54
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

SHQWUX &XOWXUL GH ğHVXWXUL 9HJHWDOH D LQWURGXV vQ XOWLPXO WLPS vQ
PXOWLSOLFDUHD UDSLGă R JDPă ODUJă GH VRLXUL FX SXOSă YLROHW XWLOL]DUHD
DFHVWHL WHKQLFL SHUPLWH VSRULUHD FRQVLGHUDELOă D UDQGDPHQWXOXL GH
vQPXOĠLUHILLQGWRWRGDWăúLRPHWRGăGHHOLEHUDUHDDJHQĠLORUSDWRJHQL
6WXGLLOH UHFHQWH QH SHUPLW Vă SUHYHGHP R FUHúWHUH QRWDELOă vQ
XWLOL]DUHD DQWRFLDQLORU FX URO GH FRORUDQĠL QDWXUDOL vQ GLYHUVH SURGXVH vQ
XUPăWRULLDQL$YkQGvQYHGHUHHIHFWXOEHQHILFSHQWUXVăQăWDWHDDFHVWRU
PROHFXOHvQFRUSRUDUHDORUvQLQGXVWULDDOLPHQWDUăYDUHSUH]HQWDXQPDUH
LQWHUHV$QWRFLDQLLYRUDYHDvQYLLWRUXODSURSLDWXQLPSDFWDVXSUDFRVWXOXL
FRORUDQĠLORU SUHFXP úL FUHDUHD GH QRL LQVWUXPHQWH vQ
DXWHQWLILFDUHDSURGXVHORUDOLPHQWDUH

 Beneficii asupra
 sănătăţii umane

Valorificarea tuberculilor
cu pulpaşi coaja violet Obţinerea de produse cu
efect nutritiv sau terapeutic

Aplicaţii ale acestora în
 diferite sectoare
 (alimentar, cosmetic,
farmaceutic)

)LJ9DORULILFDUHDWXEHUFXOLORUFXSXOSăúLFRDMăURúXYLROHW







)LJ&DUWRIFXFRDMăúLSXOSăYLROHW

%LEOLRJUDILH

 %URZQ&51XWULHQWVWDWXVRISRWDWR $VVHVVPHQW RIIXWXUH
UG
WUHQGV ,Q 3URFHHGLQJV RI   :DVKLQWRQ 6WDWH 3RWDWR &RQIHUHQFH
:DVKLQJWRQSS
 %URZQ&&XOOH\'<DQJ&3'XUVW5úL:UROVWDG5
9DULDWLRQ RI DQWKRF\DQLQ DQG FDURWHQRLG FRQWHQWV DQG DVVRFLDWHG
DQWLR[LGDQW YDOXHV LQ SRWDWR EUHHGLQJ OLQHV -RXUQDO RI WKH $PHULFDQ
6RFLHW\IRU+RUWLFXOWXUDO6FLHQFH
 )LOLPRQ956WXGLLSULYLQGXQLLSLJPHQĠLYHJHWDOLFXYDORDUH
IXQFĠLRQDOăGLQSURGXVHOHKRUWLFROH7H]ăGH'RFWRUDW,DúL

55
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

,PSRUWDQĠDFRQVHUYăULLin vitro DFDUWRIXOXL


0RQLFD3RSD$QGUHHD1LVWRU0LKDHOD&LRORFD1LFROHWD&KLUX
,1&'&6=%UDúRY

'H]YROWDUHD ELRWHKQRORJLLORU FHOXODUH úL UH]XOWDWHOH REĠLQXWH vQ
VHFROXO ;; SULYLQG LPSRUWDQĠD ORU vQ FHUFHWăULOH IXQGDPHQWDOH GLQ
GRPHQLXOJHQHWLFLLELRFKLPLHLIL]LRORJLHLúDDXSXWXWFRQWXUDLPSRUWDQĠD
ORUSHQWUXFRQVHUYDUHDXQXLERJDWPDWHULDOYHJHWDO
3UDFWLF VH UHFXQRDúWH Fă VSHFLLOH YHJHWDOH GH LQWHUHV DJULFRO
DVLJXUă QHFHVDUXO GH DOLPHQWH úL KUDQă LDU SHQWUX VXVĠLQHUHD SRSXODĠLHL
OD QLYHO JOREDO ILLQG DEVROXW QHFHVDUă LPSOLFDUHD IHUPLHULORU vQ SURFHVXO
GHFRQVHUYDUHGH]YROWDUHúLXWLOL]DUHGXUDELOăDUHVXUVHORUJHQHWLFH
'H DVHPHQHD VH UHFXQRDúWH LPSRUWDQĠD GLYHUVHORU UHVXUVH
JHQHWLFH SHQWUX DJULFXOWXUă vQ FRQGLĠLLOH PDQLIHVWăULORU H[WUHPH
GHWHUPLQDWHGHVFKLPEăULOHFOLPDWLFHúLDVLJXUăULLVHFXULWăĠLLDOLPHQWDUHOD
QLYHOJOREDO
7RFPDLvQDFHVWFRQWH[WDXDSăUXWXOWHULRUQRLFRQFHSWHSHOkQJă
FHOGHagricultură durabilă, UHVSHFWLYagricultură de precizieúLPDLUHFHQW
agricultură inteligentă FDUH LQFOXGH DVSHFWH HVHQĠLDOH OHJDWH GH HIHFWHOH
VFKLPEăULORU FOLPDWLFH úL vQ SDUWLFXODU GH HFRORJLD SUDFWLFLORU DJULFROH
XWLOL]DWHvQUDSRUWFXHIHFWHOHPHGLXOXLvQFRQMXUăWRU
$FWLYLWDWHD/DERUDWRUXOXLGH&HUFHWDUHSHQWUX&XOWXULGHğHVXWXUL
9HJHWDOHGLQFDGUXO,1&'&6=%UDúRYVHED]HD]ăSHREĠLQHUHDXQXL
PDWHULDO OLEHU GH EROL FDUH UHSUH]LQWă SXQFWXO GH SRUQLUH vQ SURGXFHUHD
FDUWRIXOXL SHQWUX VăPkQĠă úL PHQĠLQHUHD vQ FRQGLĠLL FRUHVSXQ]ăWRDUH D
PDWHULDOXOXLJHQHWLFGHVWLQDWFRQVHUYăULLFROHFĠLDGHVRLXUL
0HWRGHOH GH FRQVHUYDUH ÄLQ YLWUR´ OD SODQWH YL]HD]ă R GLPLQXDUH
VDX FKLDU R VWRSDUH WHPSRUDUă D SURFHVHORU YLWDOH FX PHQĠLQHUHD
QHDOWHUDWăD]HVWUHLHUHGLWDUHDLQRFXOLORUVWRFDĠL,QRFXOLLFXOWLYDĠLSHPHGLL
DVHSWLFH PHULVWHPH DSH[XUL HPEULRQL FDOXV SODQWXOH FHOXOH
SURWRSODúWL SRW IL FRQVHUYDĠL vQWUR DQXPLWă VWDUH PRUIRIL]LRORJLFă FX
UHOXDUHDDFWLYLWăĠLLUHJHQHUDWLYHGXSăWUHFHUHDORUvQFRQGLĠLLQRUPDOH
&ROHFĠLD DFWLYă HVWH UHSUH]HQWDWă GH VRLXUL URPkQHúWL )LJ 
GHVWLQDWHXQHLvQPXOĠLULUDSLGHSULQFDUHVHUHGXFHSHULRDGDGHREĠLQHUH
D FDUWRIXOXL SHQWUX VăPkQĠă FX    DQL LDU FRHILFLHQWXO GH PXOWLSOLFDUH
FUHúWH GH OD    OD    FROHFĠLD GH ED]ă )LJ  FRQĠLQH VRLXUL
URPkQHúWLRPRORJDWHVRLXULSURYHQLWHGLQVFKLPEXULLQWHUQDĠLRQDOHFUHDĠLL
GHDPHOLRUDUHUHFHQWHREĠLQXWHODLQVWLWXWúLODVWDĠLXQLOHGHSURILOGLQĠDUă
SRSXODĠLLORFDOHWUDGLĠLRQDOHVSHFLLVăOEDWLFH

56
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014












)LJ9DVHGHFXOWXUă )LJ3ODQWHGLQ

GLQFDPHUDGHFUHúWHUH FROHFĠLDGHED]ă

3RUQLQG GH OD QHFHVLWDWHD SăVWUăULL XQ WLPS vQGHOXQJDW D XQXL
QXPăUFkWPDLPDUHGHVRLXULYDORURDVHGLQSXQFWGHYHGHUHDJURQRPLF
FkWúLDHYLWăULLVXUSOXVXOXLGHPDWHULDOUH]XOWDWvQXUPDPXOWLSOLFăULLVDX
HIHFWXDW XUPăWRDUHOH HWDSH vQ YHGHUHD SUHJăWLULL PDWHULDOXOXL JHQHWLF
SHQWUXFRQVHUYDUH
SUHOHYDUHDPHULVWHPHORUGLQFROĠLLGHFDUWRI
FORQDUHDPDWHULDOXOXLUH]XOWDW
PXOWLSOLFDUHDPDWHULDOXOXLvQYHGHUHDWHVWăULLSULQWHKQLFD(/,6$
vQPXOĠLUHDFORQHORUOLEHUHGHYLUXVXUL
FRGLILFDUHDúLvQUHJLVWUDUHDORU

&DUWRIXO HVWH XQD GLQWUH FXOWXULOH FDUH VH PXOWLSOLFă SH FDOH
YHJHWDWLYăúLSHQWUXFDUHDXIRVWHODERUDWHSURFHGXULGHPLFURSURSDJDUH
UDSLGă 3HQWUX FRQVHUYDUHD in vitro HVWH IRORVLWă FUHúWHUHD OHQWă D
SODQWXOHORUGH]YROWDWHGLQPLQLEXWDúL6FRSXOHVWHFHOGHOLPLWDUHDULWPXOXL
GH FUHúWHUH FRQFRPLWHQW FX R vPEXQăWăĠLUH D UDWHL GH VXSUDYLHĠXLUH D
SODQWHORU
&RPSR]LĠLDPHGLXOXLQXWULYGHFRQVHUYDUHDSODQWXOHORUGHFDUWRI
SRDWHILVLQWHWL]DWăDVWIHO
PHGLX06
PJDFLGQDIWLODFHWLF$1$
]DKDUR]ă
PDQLWRO
DJDUSHQWUXVROLGLILFDUH
8QDOWIDFWRULPSRUWDQWSHQWUXPHGLXOGHFXOWXUăúLLPSOLFLWSHQWUX
SOăQWXĠHOHUHJHQHUDWHin vitro HVWHS+XOvQWLPSXOSUHSDUăULLPHGLXOXLGH
FXOWXUă DMXVWDUHD S+XOXL VH IDFH OD  'XSă SUHSDUDUHD PHGLXOXL

57
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

QXWULWLY DFHVWD VH UHSDUWL]HD]ă vQ HSUXEHWH úL VH VWHULOL]HD]ă SULQ
R
DXWRFODYDUH  PLQXWH OD  & EDU 'XSă LQRFXODUHD EXWDúLORU
HSUXEHWHOH VH DFRSHUă FX IROLH GH DOXPLQLX úL SHVWH FX R IROLH GH
R
SROLHWLOHQă6HWUDQVIHUăvQFDPHUDGHFUHúWHUHODWHPSHUDWXUDGH &
FXRIRWRSHULRDGăGHRUHOXPLQăRUHvQWXQHULFúLXQUHJLPGHOXPLQă
GH  OXFúL ÌQ PRG RELúQXLW FXOWXUD GH FROHFĠLH WUHEXLH
VXEFXOWLYDWă SH XQ PHGLX SURDVSăW GXSă R SHULRDGă GH FkWHYD OXQL vQ
IXQFĠLHGHJHQRWLS
$VLJXUDUHD YLDELOLWăĠLL YLWDOLWăĠLL PDWHULDOXOXL ELRORJLF vQ FXUVXO
DFHVWHL SHULRDGH GH FRQVHUYDUH vQ YHGHUHD REĠLQHULL XQXL SURFHQW GH
UHJHQHUDUHULGLFDWODVXEFXOWXULSHPHGLXSURDVSăWGHWHUPLQăSUHRFXSăUL
FRQVWDQWH
ÌQ IXQFĠLH GH FDUDFWHULVWLFLOH GH GH]YROWDUH D ILHFăUXL VRL VH UHLD
SURFHVXOGHUHJHQHUDUHDSODQWXOHORUGLQFROHFĠLDGHED]ăLDUvQILJXUD
VHSRWYHGHDGLIHUHQĠHvQWLSXOGHFUHúWHUHSULQVFXUWDUHDLQWHUQRGLLORUFD
úL D GLPHQVLXQLORU IUXQ]XOLĠHORU DFHVWHD GHYHQLQG VRO]LIRUPH IDĠă GH
FROHFĠLDDFWLYă














 )LJXUD,PDJLQHFRPSDUDWLYă


0HWRGD REĠLQHULL GH PLFURWXEHUFXOL SULQ DSOLFDUHD XQXL PHGLX
OLFKLG GH PLFURWXEHUL]DUH vQ YDVHOH GH FXOWXUă FX SODQWXOH GH]YROWDWH
DSDUĠLQkQG FROHFĠLHL DFWLYH D IRVW SURSXVă FD XQ PLMORF VXSOLPHQWDU GH
FRQVHUYDUHDJHUPRSODVPHLILJXULOHúL



58
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014










 )LJXUD0LFURWXEHUL]DUHDFDUWRIXOXL

















)LJXUD0LFURWXEHUFXOLUHFROWDĠL

6RLXULOH WUHEXLH PHQĠLQXWH SULQ vQPXO‫܊‬LUH YHJHWDWLYă SHQWUX
SăVWUDUHD LQWHJULWăĠLL ORU JHQHWLFH 0HQĠLQHUHD JHUPRSODVPHL vQ FDGUXO
FXOWXULORU vQ FkPS QHFHVLWă PXOW WLPS VSDĠLX PDQRSHUă 'H DVHPHQHD
H[SXQHSODQWHOHXQHLSUHVLXQLULGLFDWHvQFHHDFHSULYHúWHDWDFXOGLIHULĠLORU
DJHQĠLSDWRJHQLúLDOWRUULVFXULGHWHUPLQDWHGHVWUHVXODELRWLFúLFDODPLWăĠL
QDWXUDOH $VWIHO vQ vQWUHDJD OXPH VH SUHIHUă PHQĠLQHUHD in vitro VDX vQ
EăQFL GH JHQH D JHUPRSODVPHL 3ăVWUDUHD IRQGXOXL GH JHUPRSODVPă
FRQVWLWXLHED]DGHSRUQLUHvQSURFHVXOGHFRQVHUYDUHDELRGLYHUVLWăĠLL

%LEOLRJUDILH
 $QWRILH 0DULD  0LKDHOD  &RQVHUYDUHD ELRGLYHUVLWăĠLL
FRQVLGHUDĠLLSROLWLFHúLOHJLVODWLYH(G8QLYHUVLWă‫܊‬LL/XFLDQ%ODJD6LELX
%ODM5REHUW6LOYRELRORJLH(G8QLYHUVLWăĠLL/XFLDQ%ODJD6LELX

59
60
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

RUBRICA SPECIALISTULUI


5H]XOWDWHSULYLQGFDOLWDWHDFXOLQDUăúLSUHWDELOLWDWHD
ODLQGXVWULDOL]DUHODVRUWLPHQWXOGHVRLXULGLQORWXOGHPRQVWUDWLY
GHFDUWRI±6&+,%5,'8/+ăUPDQMXG%UDúRY

    
1LQD%ăUăVFX 9LFWRU'RQHVFX 0DULD,DQRúL ,RDQ%HQHD 
 
,1&'&6=%UDúRY 6&+,%5,'8/+ăUPDQ

ÌQ DQXO  OD 6& +,%5,'8/ +ăUPDQ VD vQILLQĠDW XQ ORW
GHPRQVWUDWLY FX XQ VRUWLPHQW GH VRLXUL VWUăLQH SURYHQLWH GH OD GLIHULWH
ILUPH úL VRLXUL URPkQHúWL DPHOLRUDWH OD ,1&'&6= %UDúRY 6&'& 7J
6HFXLHVF 6&'& 0 &LXF úL 6&'$ 6XFHDYD vQ VFRSXO FRPSDUăULL
SHUIRUPDQĠHORUSULYLQGSURGXFĠLDúLFDOLWDWHDDFHVWHLD
ÌQ FDGUXO )HGHUDĠLHL 1DĠLRQDOH  &DUWRIXO GLQ 5RPkQLD úL vQ
UkQGXULOHIXUQL]RULORUGHLQSXWXULVRFLHWDWHD6&+,%5,'8/+ăUPDQHVWH
SHUFHSXWăFDXQUHDO³FHQWUXSULYDWSHQWUXvQFHUFDUHDVRLXULORUKLEUL]LORU
SHVWLFLGHORU vQJUăúăPLQWHORU úL D WHKQRORJLLORU QRL´ ILLQG ELQHFXQRVFXWă
DFWLYLWDWHD GH SURPRYDUH D UH]XOWDWHORU úWLLQĠLILFH úL GH FRODERUDUH FX
LQVWLWXĠLLOHGHFHUFHWDUHGHSURILODWkWvQGRPHQLXOFXOWXULLFDUWRIXOXLFkWúLD
FHORUODOWHFXOWXUL
/RWXO GHPRQVWUDWLY D IRVW vQILLQĠDW SH UD]D FRPXQHL +ăUPDQ
DPSODVDWăvQFHQWUXO'HSUHVLXQLLğDUD%kUVHL´FXXQFOLPDWGHRVHELWGH
IDYRUDELOFX XQVRO XúRUQLVLSRDUJLORVFX SUHFLSLWDĠLL VXILFLHQWHSHWRDWă
GXUDWD DQXOXL ILLQG FDUDFWHUL]DWă FD ]RQă GHRVHELW GH IDYRUDELOă SHQWUX
FXOWXULOH DJULFROH úL vQ PRG GHRVHELW SHQWUX FHULQĠHOH FDUWRIXOXL GH
VăPkQĠă IăFkQG SDUWH GLQ ]RQD vQFKLVă SHQWUX SURGXFHUHD GH FDUWRI
SHQWUXVăPkQĠă

ÌQ FRQGLĠLLOH VSHFLILFH GH OD +ăUPDQ VRLXULOH FXOWLYDWH SH ORWXO
GHPRQVWUDWLY DX DYXW SURGXFĠLL FXSULQVH vQWUH  úL  WRQHKHFWDU
WDEHOXO6HUHPDUFăVRLXULOHURPkQHúWLGared, RedsecVHOHFĠLRQDWHOD
6&'& 7J 6HFXLHVF), Loial şi Magic 6&'$ 6XFHDYD Tentant 6&'&
0 &LXF úL Christian ,1&'&6= %UDúRY FX SURGXFĠLL FH GHSăúHVF 
WRQHKHFWDU DOăWXUL GH VRLXULOH VWUăLQH FX SURGXFWLYLWDWH IRDUWH ULGLFDWă
/D VRLXULOH GLQ YkUIXO FODVDPHQWXOXL VH UHPDUFă GH DVHPHQHD úL
SURFHQWXOULGLFDWGHFDUWRILPDULGHFRQVXP$QXOFOLPDWLFIDYRUDELO
D LQIOXHQĠDW FUHúWHUHD WXEHUFXOLORU úL REĠLQHUHD XQRU SURGXFĠLL GH FDOLWDWH
FXSURFHQWPDUHGHFDUWRIGHFRQVXP

61
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

7DEHOXO
3URGXFWLYLWDWHDúLVWUXFWXUDSURGXFĠLHLSHQWUXVRLXULOHGLQORWXO
GHPRQVWUDWLYGHFDUWRIL±6&+LEULGXO+ăUPDQ


6WUXFWXUDSURGXFĠLHL
3URG
1U 6XSUD VXE
6RLXO 3URGXFăWRU PHGLH &RQVXP 6ăPkQĠă
FUW PS 67$6
WKD  

 VOLARE $*5,&2     
6&'&
 GARED     
7J6HFXLHVF
 VIVIANA (8523/$17     
 ARIZONA $*5,&2     
6&'&
 REDSEC     
7J6HFXLHVF
6&'&
 SANTÉ     
0&LXF
 EUROPRIMA (8523/$17     
 ALADIN $*5,&2     
6&'$
 LOIAL     
6XFHDYD
 LUSA $*5,&2     
 CUMBICA (8523/$17     
6&'$
 MAGIC     
6XFHDYD
 VIVIANA (8523/$17     
 AR 01-410 $*5,&2     
 CARRERA +=3&     
 CATANIA (8523/$17     
6&'&
 TS 95-1161-66     
7J6HFXLHVF
 BONNIE &<*1(7     
 SAVIOLA $*5,&2     
 LEANDRA (8523/$17     
 JELLY (8523/$17     
 NATASCHA 62/$1$     
6&'&
 TENTANT     
0&LXF
 ARNOVA $*5,&2     
 ISLE OF JURA &<*1(7     
 EVOLUTION $*5,&2     
6&'$
 CLAUDIU     
6XFHDYD

62
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

 LAPERLA 62/$1$     

 RED LADY62/$1$     
 CONCORDIA
(8523/$17     
 DESTINY $*5,&2     
 OPAL 62/$1$     
,1&'&6=
 CHRISTIAN     
%UDúRY
 PUCINI 62/$1$     
 TOSCANA 62/$1$     
 RONALDO +=3&     
 BELLAROSA (8523/$17     
 PERFORMER $*5,&2     
 JULINKA (8523/$17     
 TRESOR $*5,&2     
 SAXON &<*1(7     
 RED SONIA (8523/$17     
 BARCELONA 52067$+2     
 FABULA +=3&     
 PATRICIA 62/$1$     
 TAURUS +=3&     
 LANORMA 62/$1$     
 SYLVANA +=3&     
 GEORGINA (8523/$17     
 MARKIES $*5,&2     
 TAISIYA 62/$1$     
 RUBESSE &<*1(7     
6&'$
 ASTRAL     
6XFHDYD
 GEORGINA (8523/$17     
 ADORA +=3&     
 RIVIERA $*5,&2     
 BELMONDA 62/$1$     
 FONTANE $*5,&2     
 SINORA $*5,&2     
,1&'&6=
 ROCLAS     
%UDúRY
 RUDOLPH $*5,&2     
 EXCELLENT $*5,&2     
 ENDEAVOUR 62/$1$     
 LABELLA 62/$1$     
 AMBITION $*5,&2     
 CARUSO 62/$1$     
 PEKARO $*5,&2     

63
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

 RED FANTASY (8523/$17     

 ARTEMIS $*5,&2     
 VOLUMIA +=3&     
 MOZART +=3&     
6&'&
 ROBUSTA     
0&LXF
 COLOMBA +=3&     
 RODRIGA 62/$1$     
 FALUKA $*5,&2     
 PRIMADONNA 62/$1$     
 SVENJA (8523/$17     
6&'&
 NEMERE     
7J6HFXLHVF
 ROSAGOLD $*5,&2     
 RED RIVER 62/$1$     
 CRISPS4ALL +=3&     
 SVENJA (8523/$17     
,1&'&6=
 RUSTIC     
%UDúRY
 LILIANA (8523/$17     
6&'&
 COVAL     
7J6HFXLHVF
MONTE
 52067$+2     
CARLO
 MUSTANG $*5,&2     
 RED SCARLETT +=3&     
6&'&
 MILENIUM     
7J6HFXLHVF
 MANITOU $*5,&2     
 CASABLANCA &<*1(7     
 ARROW $*5,&2     
 MONTREAL 52067$+2     

ÌQFDGUXOODERUDWRUXOXLGHFDOLWDWHFXOLQDUăDO,1&'&6=%UDúRYDX
IRVWVXSXVHDQDOL]HLGHFDOLWDWHFXOLQDUăúLSUHWDELOLWDWHSHQWUXSUHOXFUDUHD
VXEIRUPăGHFKLSVXQQXPăUGHGHVRLXULGHFDUWRISURYHQLWHGLQORWXO
GHPRQVWUDWLY  ± 6& +LEULGXO +ăUPDQ $QDOL]HOH VDX HIHFWXDW OD
VIkUúLWXO SHULRDGHL GH SăVWUDUH UHVSHFWLY GXSă FFD  ]LOH GH OD
UHFROWDUH&RQGLĠLLOHGHSăVWUDUHDXIRVWDVLJXUDWHvQFDGUXOGHSR]LWXOXLGH
FDUWRI VăPkQĠă DO 6& +,%5,'8/ +ăUPDQ OD QLYHOXO FHUXW SHQWUX
SăVWUDUHDFDUWRIXOXLGHVăPkQĠă

64
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

6WDELOLUHDFODVHLGHIRORVLQĠăVHIDFHSHED]DDSUHFLHULLvQVXúLULORU
GH FDOLWDWH VIăUkPDUH OD ILHUEHUH FRQVLVWHQĠă IăLQR]LWDWH XPLGLWDWH úL
VWUXFWXUă DPLGRQ 3H ED]D vQVXúLULORU GHWHUPLQDWH úL D SXQFWDMXOXL
REĠLQXW XQ VRL VDX R SUREă GH FDUWRI VH SRDWH vQFDGUD vQ XUPăWRDUHOH
FODVHGHIRORVLQĠă
 &ODVD $FDUWRILWDULSHQWUXVDODWă7XEHUFXOLLGLQDFHVWWLSQX
VH VIăUkPă UăPkQ vQWUHJL QX VXQW IăLQRúL VXQW XPH]L úL DX R VWUXFWXUă
ILQă *XVWXO HVWH EXQ LDU FRQĠLQXWXO vQ DPLGRQ VFă]XW &DUWRILL GLQ DFHVW
WLSVXQWSUHWDELOLSHQWUXVDODWăGDUSRWILIRORVLĠLúLSHQWUXDOWHPkQFăUXUL
 &ODVD % WXEHUFXOLL VXQW GHVWXO GH WDUL SUHWDELOL SHQWUX
PDMRULWDWHDSUHSDUDWHORUFXOLQDUH/DILHUEHUHVHVIăUkPăSXĠLQVXQWSXĠLQ
IăLQRúL SXĠLQ XPH]L úL DPLGRQXO DUH R VWUXFWXUă GHVWXO GH ILQă 'DWRULWă
PXOWLSOHORU IRORVLUL úL JXVWXOXL EXQ VRLXULOH GH FDUWRI GLQ DFHVW WLS VXQW
IRDUWHPXOWVROLFLWDWHGHFRQVXPDWRUL
 &ODVD&FXSULQGHFDUWRILIăLQRúLFDUHGHRELFHLVHVIăUkPăvQ
WLPSXOILHUEHULLVXQWIăLQRúLúLGHVWXOGHXVFDĠL$PLGRQXODUHRVWUXFWXUă
JURVLHUă
 &ODVD'WXEHUFXOLLVXQWIRDUWHIăLQRúLVHVIăUkPăIRDUWHWDUH
vQWLPSXOILHUEHULLXQHRULFKLDUWRWDODXRFRQVLVWHQĠăIRDUWHVODEăúLVXQW
QHDJUHDĠL SHQWUX FRQVXP ÌQ PDMRULWDWHD ĠăULORU DFHVW WLS GH FDUWRI VH
IRORVHúWHSHQWUXLQGXVWULDVSLUWXOXLúLDDPLGRQXOXL

$SUHFLHUHD JUDGXOXL GH vQQHJULUH D WXEHUFXOLORU ILHUĠL QRWă
FRORUDUH ILDUWă VH IDFH YL]XDO 6H QRWHD]ă  JUDGXO GH vQQHJULUH DO
WXEHUFXOXOXLIRORVLQGRVFDOăGHFXORULFXQRWHGHODODXQGHFXVH
QRWHD]ă FHO PDL VODE JUDG GH vQQHJULUH úL FX  FHO PDL PDUH JUDG GH
vQQHJULUH
3HQWUX WRDWH VRLXULOH VD GHWHUPLQDW FRQĠLQXWXO GH DPLGRQ SULQ
GHWHUPLQDUHD JUHXWăĠLL VSHFLILFH D WXEHUFXOLORU FX EDODQĠD 3ROLNHLW
&RQĠLQXWXO GH DPLGRQ GHWHUPLQDW OD VRUWLPHQWXO GH VRLXUL OXDW vQ VWXGLX
HVWH SUH]HQWDW vQ WDEHOXO  &HO PDL ULGLFDW FRQĠLQXW GH DPLGRQ VD
vQUHJLVWUDW OD VRLXO &DUXVR GH  LDU FHO PDL UHGXV GH  OD
VRLXO/DSHUOD
3UHWDELOLWDWHD OD SUHOXFUDUHD LQGXVWULDOă VXE IRUPă GH FKLSV VD
GHWHUPLQDWODVRLXULOHFDUHDXvQUHJLVWUDWXQFRQĠLQXWGHDPLGRQPDLPDUH
GH  SULQ SUHJăWLUHD SUREHORU úL SUăMLUHD vQ EDLH GH XOHL &DOLWDWHD
FKLSVXOXL REĠLQXW HVWH HYDOXDWă XWLOL]kQG R VFDOă GH FXORUL VWDQGDUGL]DWă
FXQRWHGHODOD FXORDUHvQFKLVă FXORDUHGHVFKLVă

65
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

7DEHOXO
5H]XOWDWHFDOLWDWHFXOLQDUă±SUHWDELOLWDWHSHQWUXFKLSVSHQWUX
VRLXULOHGLQORWXOGHPRQVWUDWLYGHFDUWRIL±6&+LEULGXO+ăUPDQ


&ODVD
1RWă 5DQG 1RWă
1U $PLGRQ WLS
6RLXO 3URYHQLHQĠă FRORUDUH FKLSV FXORDUH
FUW  GH
ILDUWă  FKLSV
IRORVLQĠă
 EVOLUTION $*5,&2   $%  
 RED LADY 62/$1$   $%  
 FALUKA $*5,&2   %  
 VOLARE $*5,&2   $%  
6&'$
 MAGIC   $%  
6XFHDYD
 AR 01-410 $*5,&2   $%  
 ARNOVA $*5,&2   $%  
 COLMBA +=3&   $%  
 LABELLA 62/$1$   %  
 RED SCARLETT +=3&   $%  
6&'$
 CLAUDIU   %  
6XFHDYD
 TRESOR $*5,&2   %&  
 BARCELONA 52067$+2   $%  
 RIVIERA $*5,&2   $  
 PATRICIA 62/$1$   $%  
 TAURUS +=3&   %&  
 FONTANE $*5,&2   %&  
6&'&
 SANTÉ   $%  
0&LXF
6&'$
 LOIAL   %  
6XFHDYD
 MONTREAL 52067$+2   %  
 BELMONDA 62/$1$   $%  
 SYLVANA +=3&   %  
 CARRERA +=3&   $%  
 MONTE CARLO 52067$+2   $%  
 SAXON &<*1(7   $  
 CRISPS4ALL +=3&   %  
 LANORMA 62/$1$   %&  
 LUSA $*5,&2   $%  
,1&'&6=
 CHRISTIAN   %  
%UDúRY
 LAPERLA 62/$1$   $  

66
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

6&'&
 GARED   %&  
7J6HFXLHVF
 RONALDO +=3&   $%  
 ENDEAVOUR 62/$1$   %&  
 ALADIN $*5,&2   %  
 MUSTANG $*5,&2   %  
 VOLUMIA +=3&   $  
6&'&
 TS 95-1161-66   $  
7J6HFXLHVF
 TAISIYA 62/$1$   %  
 SAVIOLA $*5,&2   $%  
 RUDOLPH $*5,&2   %  
6&'&
 REDSEC   %&  
7J6HFXLHVF
 CARUSO 62/$1$   '  
 CASABLANCA &<*1(7   $%  
 JELLY (8523/$17   $%  
 VIVIANA (8523/$17   $%  
 FABULA +=3&   $%  
 PEKARO $*5,&2   $%  
 NATASCHA 62/$1$   $%  
 RUBESSE &<*1(7   %  
 EUROPRIMA (8523/$17   %&  
 PUCINI 62/$1$   %  
 RED FANTASY (8523/$17   %  
 PERFORMER $*5,&2   %  
 ISLE OF JURA &<*1(7   %  
 DESTINY $*5,&2   %  
 LEANDRA (8523/$17   $%  
 BONNIE &<*1(7   $%  
6&'&
 COVAL   $%  
7J6HFXLHVF
 SVENJA (8523/$17   %  
6&'&
 MILENIUM   $%  
7J6HFXLHVF
 CATANIA (8523/$17   %  
 RED SONIA (8523/$17   $%  
 LILIANA (8523/$17   $%  
 CONCORDIA (8523/$17   $%  
 JULINKA (8523/$17   $%  
 SVENJA (8523/$17   %  
 CUMBICA (8523/$17   %  
 BELAROSA (8523/$17   $%  

67
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

0DMRULWDWHD VRLXULORU DQDOL]DWH VDX vQFDGUDW vQ FODVHOH GH

IRORVLQĠă$$%úL%ILLQGSUHWDELOHSHQWUXFRQVXPVXEGLIHULWHIRUPHGH
SUHSDUDUH
6RLXULOH TAURUS, CRISPS4ALL, MUSTANG, RUBESSE,
PERFORMER, DESTINY VDX FRPSRUWDW IRDUWH ELQH úL OD SUHOXFUDUHD
LQGXVWULDOă VXE IRUPă GH FKLSV SUHSDUDWHOH UH]XOWDWH DYkQG R FXORDUH
GHVFKLVă FX QRWH vQWUH  úL  FKLDU GXSă R SHULRDGă GH SăVWUDUH IRDUWH
vQGHOXQJDWăSHVWHGH]LOH
'H UHPDUFDW VRLXULOH URPkQHúWL MAGIC, CHRISTIAN, GARED
VHOHFĠLRQDWHOD6&'$6XFHDYD,1&'&6=%UDúRYúL6&'&7J6HFXLHVF
FDUH GLQ DFHVW SXQFW GH YHGHUH SUH]LQWă FDOLWăĠL FRPSDUDELOH FX VRLXULOH
VWUăLQHVSHFLDOL]DWH

68
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

0DQDJHPHQWXOD]RWXOXL
ODFXOWXUDGHFDUWRI


)ORULDQ/D]ăU
1DWXUHYR65/


)HUWLOL]DUHD RSWLPă FX D]RW HVWH HVHQ‫܊‬LDOă SHQWUX UHDOL]DUHD
FHULQ‫܊‬HORU FDQWLWDWLYH ‫܈‬L FDOLWDWLYH OD FXOWXULOH GH FDUWRI IDSW FDUH GXFH OD
UHDOL]DUHDXQXLUDQGDPHQWHFRQRPLFPD[LP
([FHVXOGHD]RWSRDWHUHGXFHJUHXWDWHDVSHFLILFăDWXEHUFXOLORU
‫܈‬L SRDWH vQWkU]LD PDWXUDUHD  FHHD FH IDFH GLILFLO UHFROWDWXO GDWRULWă
WXOSLQLORUYHU]LvQFăSUH]HQWHSHWHUHQ
ÌQ SOXV H[FHVXO GH D]RW EORFKHD]ă DVLPLOD‫܊‬LD DOWRU PDFUR úL
PLFURHOHPHQWH GDWRULWă DQWDJRQLVPHORU FX DFHVWHD vQ VSHFLDO . % &X
0J&D$FHVWHDQWDJRQLVPHSRWFDX]DGH]HFKLOLEUHPDMRUHGHQXWUL‫܊‬LHúL
DSDUL‫܊‬LD XQRU EROL IL]LRORJLFH QHFUR]H SXWUHJDLXUL HWF FX FRQVHFLQ‫܊‬H
GHRVHELW GH JUDYH SHQWUX FDQWLWDWHD GDU PDL DOHV FDOLWDWHD UHFROWHORU GH
FDUWRIL
8Q EXQ PDQDJHPHQW DO  D]RWXOXL IDFH  GH DVHPHQHD  ELQH
PHGLXOXL vQFRQMXUăWRU ([FHVXO  GH D]RW HVWH QRFLY GXFkQG  OD VSăODUHD
DFHVWXLDvQDGkQFLPHvQDSHOHVXEWHUDQHVXEIRUPăGHQLWUL‫܊‬LúLQLWUD‫܊‬LGDU
‫܈‬L SULQ HPLVLLOH GH DPRQLDF úL SURWR[LG GH D]RW vQ DWPRVIHUă JD]H FX
HIHFW GH VHUă $‫܈‬DGDU XQ  PDQDJHPHQW FRUHFW DO D]RWXOXL  UHSUH]LQWă úL
XQPLMORFHILFLHQW‫܈‬LSUDFWLFGHDUHGXFHHPLVLLOHGHJD]HFXHIHFWGHVHUă
6FRSXO QRVWUX FD DJURQRPL HVWH RSWLPL]DUHD PDQDJHPHQWXOXL
D]RWXOXL vQ FXOWXULOH DJULFROH $FHVW OXFUX vQVHDPQă DUPRQL]DUHD GR]HORU
GHD]RWDGXVFXOWXULORUSULQIHUWLOL]DUHFXFHUHUHDDFHVWRUDúLFRUHODUHD
FXIHQRID]HOHGHGH]YROWDUHDFXOWXULL&DQWLWDWHDGHD]RWFHUXWGHFXOWXUă
HVWH GHWHUPLQDWă GH IHQRID]D GH FUH‫܈‬WHUH D FXOWXULORU  FX FkW HVWH  PDL
PDUHYLWH]DGHFUH‫܈‬WHUHFXDWkWHVWHPDLPDUHFHUHUHDGHD]RW
$SURYL]LRQDUHD FX D]RW  HVWH LQIOXHQ‫܊‬DWă úL GH WHKQRORJLLOH
FXUHQWH GH FXOWLYDUH PDQDJHPHQWXO FXOWXULL FXP DU IL FXOWXUD SUH]HQWă
JUkX FDUWRI SRUXPE HWF GDU úL GH YDULHWDWHD FXOWLYDWă KLEULGXO VRLXO
HWF GDWD VHPăQDWXOXLSODQWDWXOXL GDU PDL DOHV GH FRQGL‫܊‬LLOH SHGR
FOLPDWLFHVROXOPLFURFOLPDWXOHWF
$SURYL]LRQDUHD FX D]RW SHQWUX FXOWXUD FDUWRIXOXL SURYLQH vQ FHD
PDL PDUH PăVXUD GH OD vQJUă‫܈‬ăPLQWHOH FKLPLFH DSOLFDWH  GDU úL GLQ
JXQRLXOGHJUDMGSUHFXP‫܈‬LGLQPLQHUDOL]DUHDUHVWXULORUFXOWXULLDQWHULRDUH

69
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

0LQHUDOL]DUHD HVWH SURFHVXO GH HOLEHUDUHD  D D]RWXOXL vQ VRO GH FăWUH
PLFURRUJDQLVPHOHH[LVWHQWHin situNitrosomonasNitrobacterHWF
2SWLPL]DUHD GR]HL  GH D]RW  DSOLFDW GLQ vQJUă‫܈‬ăPkQW SHQWUX R
FXOWXUăGHFDUWRILYDULD]ăvQIXQF‫܊‬LHGH]RQDGHFXOWXUăúLVROGDUúLGHOD
DQ OD DQ GDWRULWă YDULD‫܊‬LHL vQ FHUHUHD GH D]RW D FXOWXULORU GDU ‫܈‬L D
SOXYLRPHWULHL $]RWXO RUJDQLF GLQ JXQRLXO GH JUDMG VDX FRPSRVW QX HVWH
X‫܈‬RU GLVSRQLELO SHQWUX FXOWXUD GH FDUWRIL 2 SDUWH GLQ D]RWXO RUJDQLF HVWH
WUDQVIRUPDW vQ IRUPH  GLVSRQLELOH GH D]RW SULQ PLQHUDOL]DUH GDU R PDUH
SDUWHVHYRODWLOL]HD]ăVXEIRUPăGHDPRQLDFvQDWPRVIHUD
$‫܈‬DGDU VXUVD SULQFLSDOă GH D]RW HVWH vQJUă‫܈‬ăPkQWXO FKLPLF
DSOLFDW FXOWXULL $OHJHUHD WLSXOXL GH vQJUă‫܈‬ăPkQW HVWH HVHQ‫܊‬LDOă vQ
XQLIRUPL]DUHDFRQVXPXOXLGHD]RWGDUúLSHQWUXGHEORFDUHDUHVXUVHORUGH
D]RWGLQVROGLQ]RQDGHFUH‫܈‬WHUHDUL]RVIHUHL
ÌQDFHVWVFRS1DWXUHYRDFăXWDWúLDDGXVSHSLD‫܊‬DGLQ5RPkQLD
XQXOGLQFHOHPDLSHUIRUPDQWHIRUPHGHvQJUă‫܈‬ăPkQWVROLGFXDSOLFDUHOD
VROÄ1RYD7HF&ODVVLF´
1RYD7HF &ODVVLF HVWH R IRUPă GH vQJUă‫܈‬ăPkQW VROLG FDUH
FRQ‫܊‬LQHPDFURúLPLFURHOHPHQWHvQSURSRU‫܊‬LLHFKLOLEUDWHúLFX LQKLELWRUGH
QLWULILFDUH'033IDSWFDUHFRQGXFHODRHOLEHUDUHFRQWURODWăDD]RWXOXL
FRQ‫܊‬LQXWSHRSHULRDGăvQGHOXQJDWă
ÌQ FRQVHFLQ‫܊‬ă SODQWHOH EHQHILFLD]ă GH R QXWUL‫܊‬LH GHRVHELW GH
HFKLOLEUDWă FX D]RW DFHVWD ILLQG GLVSRQLELO SODQWHORU vQ PRPHQWHOH FULWLFH
GHFUH‫܈‬WHUHYHJHWDWLYă
,QKLELWRUXOGHQLWULILFDUHHVWHFKHLDXQHLQXWUL‫܊‬LLHFKLOLEUDWHFXD]RW
vQ FXOWXULOH DJULFROH 0RGXO GH DF‫܊‬LXQH SULQ LQKLEDUHD GH]YROWăULL
SRSXOD‫܊‬LLORU GH EDFWHULL QLWULILFDWRDUH GLQ VRO Nitrosomonas úL VWLPXODUHD
vQDFHVWIHODFHORUIL[DWRDUHvQIRUPăDPLGLFăúLDPRQLDFDOăIDFHFDvQVRO
Vă VH PRELOL]H]H  LQFOXVLY IRUPHOH GH D]RW RUJDQLF H[LVWHQWH in situ
QHPDLILLQGQHFHVDUXQDSRUWVXSOLPHQWDUGHD]RW
3ULQ DGăXJDUHD LQKLELWRUXOXL GH QLWULILFDUH D]RWXO GLQ 1RYD7HF
&ODVVLFHVWHSXVODGLVSR]L‫܊‬LDSODQWHLWUHSWDWúLFRQWLQXXSODQWHOHDYkQGOD
GLVSR]L‫܊‬LH PD[LPXO GH D]RW DWXQFL FkQG DX QHYRLH GH HO OD FUH‫܈‬WHUHD
YHJHWDWLYă LQWHQVă  0DL PXOW GHFkW DWkW SUH]HQĠD IRUPHORU X‫܈‬RU
DVLPLODELOH GH IRVIRU  SRWDVLX úL PLFURHOHPHQWH FRQGXF OD HFKLOLEUDUHD
QXWUL‫܊‬LHLvQID]HOHFULWLFHGHODvQFHSXWXOYHJHWD‫܊‬LHL
ÌQ SOXV SUH]HQĠD LQKLELWRUXOXL GH QLWULILFDUH GLQ 1RYD7HF  &ODVVLF
UHGXFH  S+XO GLQ ]RQD UL]RVIHUHL  IDSW FDUH GXFH OD PăULUHD DEVRUE‫܊‬LHL
PDFURúLPLFURHOHPHQWHORUSULQVLVWHPXOUDGLFXODUGHRUL
ÌQDFHHD‫܈‬LPăVXUăLQKLELWRUXOGHQLWULILFDUHIL[HD]ăD]RWXOvQIRUPH
PDL JUHX VROXELOH vQ VRO úL DVWIHO VH UHGXFH OHYLJDUHD DFHVWXLD vQ

70
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

DGkQFLPH vQ DSHOH IUHDWLFH WRWRGDWă UHGXFkQG úL SUH]HQĠD QLWUL‫܊‬LORU GLQ
WXEHUFXOL

ÌQFRQFOX]LHIRORVLQG1RYD7HF&ODVVLFDYH‫܊‬LQXPDLDYDQWDMH


 3URGXF‫܊‬LL VXSHULRDUH SULQ QXWUL‫܊‬LD FRPELQDWă vQWUH FHOH GRXD

IRUPHGHD]RWDPRQLDFDOúLQLWULF
 &UH‫܈‬WHUHD DEVRUE‫܊‬LHL PDFUR úL PLFURHOHPHQWHORU GLQ ]RQD
UL]RVIHUHL
 1XWUL‫܊‬LD FRQWLQXă  FX D]RW FRUHODWă FX FHUHUHD SODQWHORU SH R
OXQJăSHULRDGăGHFUH‫܈‬WHUH
 &RQWURO DO IHUWLOL]ăULL IăUă GH]HFKLOLEUH GDWRUDW SUH]HQĠHL
IRVIRUXOXLúLSRWDVLXOXLvQIRUPHX‫܈‬RUDVLPLODELOHLPHGLDW
 'H]YROWDUHDHFKLOLEUDWăDSODQWHORUGHFXOWXUă
 0LQLPL]DUHDSLHUGHULORUGHD]RWSULQOHYLJDUH
 7XEHUFXOLPDLVăQăWRúL
 &RVWHFKLOLEUDW

Ä1RYD7HFvQJUăúăPkQWXOSHUIHFW´




6WU,RQ8UGDUHDQXQUHWDMVHFWRU&RGSRVWDO
%XFXUHVWL520Æ1,$
7HO)D[0RELO
(PDLORIILFH#QDWXUHYRUR:HEZZZQDWXUHYRUR

71
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

(ILFDFLWDWHDWHKQRORJLLORU&KHPLQRYDSHQWUXFXOWXUD
FDUWRIXOXLvQFRQGLĠLLOHHFRORJLFHGHOD6&'&0&LXFvQ
SHULRDGD±

1DQGRU*iOIL6]2UEiQ$6]DEy
6&'&0LHUFXUHD&LXF


&DUWRIXO  FD SODQWă GH FXOWXUă HVWH PDUH FRQVXPDWRDUH GH
HOHPHQWHQXWULWLYHFDUHGHSLQGHGHRVHULHGHIDFWRULGLQWUHFDUHFHLPDL
LPSRUWDQĠL VXQW VFRSXO FXOWXULL VROXO úL VRLXO XWLOL]DW WHKQRORJLD GH
DSOLFDUH SHULRDGD GH YHJHWDĠLH QLYHOXO SURGXFĠLHL SODQLILFDWH UHJLPXO
KLGULF úL WHUPLF DO ]RQHL HFRORJLFH GH FXOWXUă GRWDUHD WHKQLFă D IHUPHL
SRVLELOLWăĠLOHILQDQFLDUHDOHXQLWăĠLLSURGXFăWRDUHHWF
, 1HFHVDUXO GH HOHPHQWH QXWULWLYH vQ IXQFĠLH GH VFRSXO úL
QLYHOXOSURGXFĠLHLODFDUWRI
Consumul specific (kg/t produs) al elementelor nutritive la cultura
cartofului (Bocz E., 1996) macro şi micro elemente:

5HFRPDQGăUL6&'&0LHUFXUHD&LXF
1 NJVDW 1 NJVDW
32 NJVDW 32 NJVDW
.2 NJVDW .2 NJVDW
&D2 NJVDW 0LFURHOHPHQWH )H =Q &X 0R % 6 0J
0J2 NJVDW 0QDSOLFDWHFXvQJUăúăPLQWHIROLDUH

Necesarul de elemente nutritive în funcţie de scopul şi nivelul
producţiei la cartof %RUODQ=úLFRODEFLWDWGH,DQRúL6úLFRODE

3URGXFĠLD 'R]HUHFRPDQGDWHvQNJVDKD
6FRSXOSURGXFĠLHL
WKD 1 32 .2 0J2
&DUWRIWLPSXULX     
&DUWRIFRQVXP     
WRDPQDLDUQă     
&DUWRISHQWUX     
LQGXVWULDOL]DUH     




72
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

II. CondiĠii ecologice în perioada de testare

CondiĠii de sol în cadrul SCDC Miercurea-Ciuc
Câmpurile experimentale din cadrul SCPC se află în zona
TopliĠa-Ciuc situată în zona centrală a bazinului intramontan Ciuc, la
ieúirea din oraúul Miercurea-Ciuc înspre Gheorgheni.
Solurile predominante sunt de tipul Cernoziomoid rendzinic litic,
având un orizont A cu o grosime ce variază între 0-70 cm.
a) Însuúiri fizice ale solului în orizontul Ap (0-15cm):
- nisip grosier: 2,00 - 4,39%
- nisip fin: 26,18 - 42,81%
- praf I: 7,77 - 15,08%
- praf II: 17,76 - 29,10%
- argilă: 13,30 - 40,66%
b) Însuσiri chimice ale solului:
- humus 2,79 - 3,39% - mijlociu aprovizionat
- P2O5 fosfor mobil 82 - 120 ppm - bună
- K2O potasiu mobil 200 - 299 ppm - bună- foarte bună
- pH 7,8 - 8,0 - slab alcalin

CondiĠiile de climă úi necesarul de apă pentru cultura cartofului

în perioada de vegeta‫ڏ‬ie, cel asigurat din precipitaĠii cât úi diferenĠa faĠă
de nevoile plantei sunt prezentate în tabelul următor.

73
 Schema 1 şi tabelul nr. 1
Vol. 23

&RQGLĠLLPHWHRURORJLFHvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLH








0DLSODQWDW ,XQLHUăVăULW ,XOLHvPERERFLUHvQIORULW $XJXVWVHSWHPEULH
UăVăULW vPERERFLW PD[LPVSUHPDWXULWDWH PDWXULWDWHUHFROWDUH

74
]LOH ]LOH ]LOH]LOH ]LOH]LOH

Nr. 1

/XQD3HULRDGD 0DL ,XQLH ,XOLH $XJXVW 6HSW 6XPD

1HYRLOHSODQWHLvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLHPP]LPS     


,DQRúL6]RQDPRQWDQă     

$VLJXUDWGLQSUHFLSLWDĠLLFă]XWH      

'LIHUHQĠDIDĠăGHQHYRLOHSODQWHL      
00$PP      
R
7HPSHUDWXUDPHGLHvQDHU &      
R
00$DWHPSHUDWXULORU &      
2014
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

0DWHULDOúLPHWRGă
6RLXOXWLOL]DW6DQWpFDWHJRULDELRORJLFă6XSHU(OLWăYDULDQWH
99UHSHWL‫܊‬LL
9DULDQWHOHVWXGLDWHDQXOGHWHVWDUH

‡ 90DUWRU7HKQRORJLDQRUPDOăDSOLFDWăSH XQDJURIRQGGH
NJ13.FXXUPăWRDUHOHWUDWDPHQWHvQYHJHWDĠLH6HQFRU:*NJKD
$QWUDFRONJKD&RQVHQWROKD,QILQLWROKD5LGRPLO*ROG0]
NJKD GDWD WUDWDPHQWHORU   

‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
 :DUUDQW :*  JKD  $PDOJHURO  OKD  9HUWH[ +L1  OKD
7HUPLQXVOKD
‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
 :DUUDQW  :*    JKD  $PDOJHURO  OKD  +L  3KRV  OKD
7HUPLQXVOKD 
‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
:DUUDQW:*JKD$PDOJHUROOKD%2/$OKD7HUPLQXV
OKD
‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
 :DUUDQW  :*    JKD  $PDOJHURO  OKD  =220  OKD
7HUPLQXVOKD 
‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
:DUUDQW:*JKD$PDOJHUROOKD.76OKD7HUPLQXV
OKD
‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
:DUUDQW:*JKD$PDOJHUROOKD.76OKD+L3KRV
OKD7HUPLQXVOKD
‡ 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD7HUPLQXVOKD
:DUUDQW:*JKD$PDOJHUROOKD.76OKD+L3KRV
OKD7HUPLQXVOKD
'XSă FXP VH REVHUYă ILHFDUH YDULDQWă D DYXW vQ FRPSRQHQĠă
SURGXVXO ELRORJLF $PDOJHURO FDUH HVWH XQ SURGXV FH  FRQĠLQH
PLFURRUJDQLVPH XOHLXUL YHJHWDOH H[WUDFW GH SODQWH PHGLFLQDOH XUPH GH
PLFURHOHPHQWHúLH[WUDFWGHDOJH$UHRLQIOXHQĠăSR]LWLYăDVXSUDVWUXFWXULL
VROXOXLúLDMXWăSODQWHOHvQSHULRDGHOHGHVWUHVWHUPLFúLKLGULF

75
 7DEHOXOQU
Vol. 23

3URGXFĠLDGHWXEHUFXOLWKDREĠLQXWăvQDQXO



1U 3URGWRW 7HVW 6ăP 7HVW GLQ &RQ 7HVW GLQ

9DULDQWD
&UW WKD 'XQFDQ WKD 'XQFDQ SURGWRW VXP 'XQFDQ SURGWRW

 9PDUWRU  

6$Q&,5* &  $%  '
 9  
$P67:$P+L17 &  '  %&
 9  
$P67:$P+L3KR7  %  $  &

76
 9$P67:$P%RU7  &  '   %& 
Nr. 1

 9  

$P67:$P=RRP7  (  &'  '
 9  
$P67:$P.76O7  '  %&  '
 9$PO67:$P.76O7  %  $%&   % 
 9$P67:$P.76O7 $  $   $ 
 0HGLD      
 /6'      
2014
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

'LQ WDEHOXO SUH]HQWDW VH FRQVWDWă Fă FHD PDL PDUH SURGXFĠLH
WRWDOă GH WVD REĠLQXWODYDULDQWD 9XQGHVDIRORVLW$PDOJHURO 
OKD RGDWă FX HUELFLGDUHD IRORVLQG 6HQFRU :*
 NJKD 7HUPLQXV  OKD :DUUDQW :*  JKD  $PDOJHURO 
OKD .76OKD +L3KRVOKD7HUPLQXVOKD'LIHUHQĠHOHGLQWUH
YDULDQWHVXQWDVLJXUDWHVWDWLVWLFOD'/

0DWHULDOúLPHWRGă±
Lucrări tehnologice - 2011 (toamnă):
-(UELFLGDW*OLIRVDWOKD   
-$UăWXUDGHWRDPQă    

Lucrări tehnologice – 2012 (primăvară):
-3UHJăWLUHDWHUHQXOXLFRPELQDWRUXO  
-)HUWLOL]DUHD13.NJKD  
-3ODQWDUHDVRLXO6DQWp   
-)HUWLOL]DUHD1NJKD  
-5HELORQDW     
-(UELFLGDW6HQFRU:*NJKD  
-7UDWDPHQWPDQă    
-7UDWDPHQWPDQăWUDWDPHQWGăXQăWRUL 
-7UDWDPHQWPDQă    

6RLXO XWLOL]DW 6DQWp FDWHJRULD ELRORJLFă 6XSHU(OLWă
YDULDQWH9±9UHSHWL‫܊‬LL
9DULDQWHOHVWXGLDWHDQXOGHWHVWDUH


 9 0DUWRU WHKQRORJLD QRUPDOă DSOLFDWă SH XQ DJURIRQG GH

 NJ 13. FX XUPăWRDUHOH WUDWDPHQWH vQ YHJHWDĠLH 6HQFRU :* 
NJKD $QWUDFRO  NJKD &RQVHQWR  OKD :DUUDQW :*  JKD
,QILQLWROKD
 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD:DUUDQW
:*JKD$PDOJHUROOKD+L3KRVOKD
 9$PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD$PDOJHURO
OKD%2/$OKD
 9 $PDOJHURO  OKD  6HQFRU :*  NJKD :DUUDQW 
$PDOJHUROOKD9HUWH[+L1OKD


77
 6FKHPDúLWDEHOXOQU
&RQGLĠLLPHWHRURORJLFHvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLH
Vol. 23









0DLSODQWDW ,XQLHUăVăULW ,XOLHvPERERFLUHvQIORULW $XJXVWVHSWHPEULH
UăVăULW vPERERFLW PD[LPVSUHPDWXULWDWH PDWXULWDWH±UHFROWDUH
]LOH ]LOH ]LOH]LOH ]LOH]LOH

78

Nr. 1

/XQD3HULRDGD 0DL ,XQLH ,XOLH $XJXVW 6HSW 6XPD

1HYRLOHSODQWHLvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLHPP]LPS      
,DQRúL6]RQDPRQWDQă     

$VLJXUDWGLQSUHFLSLWDĠLLFă]XWH      

'LIHUHQĠDIDĠăGHQHYRLOHSODQWHL      

00$PP      

R
7HPSHUDWXUDPHGLHvQDHU &      
R
00$DWHPSHUDWXULORU &      
2014

76
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014


'XSăFXPVHSRDWHREVHUYDvQWDEHOXOGHILFLWXOGHDSăGLQVRO
vQ SHULRDGD GH YHJHWDĠLH VH FXPXOHD]ă OD  PP IDĠă GH QHYRLOH
SODQWHLLDUGLQSUHFLSLWDĠLLVDDVLJXUDWPPúLGLIHUHQĠDIDĠăGH00$
HVWH GH  PP FHD FH D LQIOXHQĠDW SXWHUQLF QLYHOXO SURGXFĠLLORU
REĠLQXWH 7RWRGDWă UHJLPXO WHUPLF D IRVW XQXO FX WHPSHUDWXUL PXOW PDL
ULGLFDWHIDĠăGH00$$FHVWHWHPSHUDWXULULGLFDWHPDLDOHVvQOXQLOHLXQLH
± LXOLH ± DXJXVW FXPXODW FX OLSVD GH SUHFLSLWDĠLL D SURGXV XQ SXWHUQLF
VWUHV WHUPRKLGULF 'LQ IHULFLUH URXD GLQ GLPLQHĠLOH GH YDUă DX DMXWDW
SODQWHOHVăVXSUDYLHĠXLDVFăSkQăODRPDWXUL]DUHUDSLGăDSODQWHORU


79
 Vol. 23


7DEHOXOQU
3URGXFĠLDGHWXEHUFXOLWKDREĠLQXWăvQDQXO


1U 3URGWRW 7HVW 6ăP 7HVW GLQ &RQ 7HVW GLQ

9DULDQWD
&UW WKD 'XQFDQ WKD 'XQFDQ SURGWRW VXP 'XQFDQ SURGWRW
 9PDUWRU % $ % 
6$Q&:,QI   
 96$P:$P+L3KRV & % % 
  

80
 9 % $ % 
6$P$P%2/$   
Nr. 1

 9 $ $ $ 

6$P:$P9HUWH[+L1   
 0HGLD       
 /6'      

2014
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

'DWRULWăSURGXVHORUDSOLFDWHSURGXFĠLDGHWXEHUFXOLDIRVWGH
WRKD GLQ FDUH  IUDFĠLD GH FRQVXP D IRVW GH WKD 'LIHUHQĠHOH GH
SURGXFĠLH GLQWUH YDULDQWH D IRVW SUHOXFUDW VWDWLVWLF SULQ XWLOL]DUHD WHVWXOXL
'DQFDQ
0DWHULDOúLPHWRGă±
Lucrări tehnologice - 2012 (toamnă, SDUFHOăGHPRQVWUDWLYăGHKD
- (UELFLGDW*OLIRVDWOKD   
- $UăWXUăGHWRDPQă    
Lucrări tehnologice - 2013 (primăvară,SDUFHOăGHPRQVWUDWLYăGHKD


- 3UHJăWLUHDWHUHQXOXLFRPELQDWRUXO  

- )HUWLOL]DUHD13.NJKD 
- 3ODQWDUHDVRLXO6DQWp   
- 5HELORQDW     
- )HUWLOL]DUHD1NJKD  
- 5HELORQDW     
6RLXO XWLOL]DW 6DQWp FDWHJRULD ELRORJLFă 6XSHU(OLWă YDULDQWH
9±9UHSHWL‫܊‬LL
9DULDQWHOHVWXGLDWHDQXOGHWHVWDUH
90DUWRU
- 6HQFRU:*NJKD   
- $QWUDFRONJKD    
- &RQVHQWROKD:DUUDQW:*JKD
       
- ,QILQLWROKD    
- 5LGRPLO*ROG0=NJKD   
- ,QILQLWROKD    
9
- $PDOJHUROOKD6HQFRU:*NJKD
       
- $QWUDFRONJKD$PDOJHUROOKD+L3KRVOKD 
       
- &RQVHQWROKD$PDOJHUROOKD+L3KRVOKD
       
- ,QILQLWR OKD $PDOJHUROOKD%2/$ OKD 9HUWH[+,
1OKD      
- 5LGRPLO*ROG0=NJKD$PDOJHUROOKD%2/$OKD
9HUWH[+,1OKD    
- ,QILQLWROKD$PDOJHUROOKD%2/$OKD9HUWH[+,
1OKD      

81
 6FKHPDúLWDEHOXOQU
Vol. 23

&RQGLĠLLPHWHRURORJLFHvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLH
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
0DLSODQWDW ,XQLHUăVăULW ,XOLHvPERERFLUHvQIORULW $XJXVWVHSWHPEULH
UăVăULW vPERERFLW PD[LPVSUHPDWXULWDWH PDWXULWDWH±UHFROWDUH

82
]LOH ]LOH ]LOH]LOH ]LOH]LOH
- 
Nr. 1

/XQD3HULRDGD 0DL ,XQLH ,XOLH $XJXVW 6HSW 6XPD

1HYRLOHSODQWHLvQSHULRDGDGHYHJHWDĠLHPP]LPS     

,DQRúL6]RQDPRQWDQă     

$VLJXUDWGLQSUHFLSLWDĠLLFă]XWH      

'LIHUHQĠDIDĠăGHQHYRLOHSODQWHL      

00$PP      

R
7HPSHUDWXUDPHGLHvQDHU &      
R
00$DWHPSHUDWXULORU &      
2014

80
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

'XSăFXPVHREVHUYăúLvQDQXOVDvQUHJLVWUDWXQGHILFLWGH
DSăvQVROIDĠăGHQHYRLOHSODQWHORUúLIDĠăGH00$

7DEHOXOQU
3URGXFĠLDGHWXEHUFXOLWKDREĠLQXWăvQDQXO 


3URG &DOLEUX GLQ GLQ

1U &DOLEUX
9DULDQWD WRWDOă  SURG SURG
&UW !PP
WKD PP WRWDOă WRWDOă

 9PDUWRU  

6$Q&R:,QI5*0=,QI   
 96$P$Q$P+L3KRVO  
&R$P+L3KRVO
,Q$P%2/$9HUWH[+L1O
5*0=$P%2/$9HUO
,Q$P%2/$9HUWO   
 0HGLD     
 'LIHUHQĠDIDĠăGHPDUWRUWKD     

Calcul economic pentru anul 2013

 &KHOWXLHOL

/XFUăUL WHKQRORJLFH  WRDPQă SDUFHOă GHPRQVWUDWLYă GH
KD/HL
/XFUăULWHKQRORJLFHSULPăYDUăSDUFHOăGHPRQVWUDWLYăGH
KD/HL
&KHOWXLHOLSHYDULDQWH
9±PDUWRU OHLSHVWLFLGH
9 OHLWUDWOHLWUDWOHLWUDW
OHLWUDWOHLWUDWOHLWUDW
/HL
7RWDOFKHOWXLHOL
9 OHLSHVWLFLGHOHLVăPkQĠăOHL
OHLWUDWDPHQWHOHLOHL
/HL
9 OHLSHVWLFLGHOHLVăPkQĠăOHL
OHLWUDWDPHQWHOHLOHL
 /HL

83
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

 9HQLWXUL
9FDUWRIFRQVXP[ OHL
FDUWRIVăPkQĠă[ OHL
7RWDO OHL
9FDUWRIFRQVXP[ OHL
FDUWRIVăPkQĠă[ OHL
7RWDO OHL
3UHĠGHFRVWOHLNJ
9 
 9 

&RQFOX]LL

 IDFWRULLGHPHGLXPDLDOHVDSDLQIOXHQĠHD]ăSXWHUQLFQLYHOGH
SURGXFĠLH
 LQWHQVLYL]DUHDFXOWXULLFDUWRIXOXLWUHEXLHDERUGDWăvQIXQFĠLHGH
QHFHVLWăĠLOH SODQWHL FRQGLĠLLOH HFRORJLFH VRL VFRSXO SURGXFĠLHL
SRVLELOLWăĠLOHILQDQFLDUH
 vQSULPXODQGHWHVWDUHFHDPDLEXQăSURGXFĠLHWRWDOă
VD REĠLQXW OD YDULDQWD V8 =53,9 t/ha (Am+ S+T+W+Am+KTS 4l +T)
GLIHUHQĠăVHPQLILFDWLYăIDĠăGHFHOHODOWHYDULDQWH
 vQ DQXO  GLQ FDX]D FRQGLĠLLORU PHWHRURORJLFH
QHIDYRUDELOH QLYHOXO GH SURGXFĠLH D IRVW VFă]XW WRWXúL SULQ DSOLFDUHD
SURGXVHORU IROLDUH VD UHXúLW PHQĠLQHUHD SODQWHORU vQ YHJHWDĠLH úL OD
YDULDQWDV4 (S+Am+W+Am5+Vertex Hi-N34 1 l/haVDREĠLQXWXQQLYHO
GH SURGXFĠLH GH  WKD DVLJXUkQG R GLIHUHQĠă VHPQLILFDWLYă IDĠă GH
FHOHODOWHYDULDQWHDVLJXUDWăVWDWLVWLFODQLYHOXOGH'/
 FKHOWXLHOLOH vQ SOXV FX DSOLFDUHD WUDWDPHQWHORU IROLDUH QX HVWH
MXVWLILFDWHFRQRPLFvQILHFDUHDQGHSURGXFĠLH
 YHQLWXULOH REĠLQXWH GHSLQG vQ PDUH PăVXUă GH FRQGLĠLLOH GH
SLDĠă FDUH QX HVWH VLJXUă VWDELOă úL SUHGLFWLELOă GDWRULWă XQRU IDFWRUL
LQGHSHQGHQĠLGHIHUPLHUL
 SURGXVXO $PDOJHURO DSOLFDW D DYXW úL DUH R LQIOXHQĠă SR]LWLYă
DVXSUD VWUXFWXULL VROXOXL úL DMXWă SODQWHOH vQ SHULRDGHOH GH VWUHV WHUPLFúL
KLGULF5HFRPDQGăPSURGXFăWRULORUVăLQFOXGăDSOLFDUHDOXLvQWHKQRORJLD
GHFXOWXUăLQWHQVLYăDFDUWRIXOXL&DQWLWDWHDWRWDOăUHFRPDQGDWăHVWHGH
OKDFXHUELFLGDUHúLWUHLDSOLFăULGHFkWHOKDFXWUDWDPHQWHIROLDUH
ÌQvQFKHLHUHPHQĠLRQăPFăSURGXVHOHúLFKHOWXLHOLOHGHWHVWDUHDX
IRVW VXSRUWDWH GH ILUPD &KHPLQRYD 5RPkQLD SULQ DPDELOLWDWHD GOXL LQJ
*KHRUJKH5RLEDQ

84
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

INFORMAŢII UTILE

6LWXDĠLDHYROXĠLHLORWXULORUVHPLQFHUHODFDUWRI


6XSUDIDĠD SHFDWHJRULLELRORJLFH
$QXO SODQWDWă 3UH %D]ă &HUWLILFDWă
±KD ED]ă 6( ( &ODVD$ &ODVD%
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      

3UHOXFUDWGH,QJ,RDQ%HQHD
9LFHSUHúHGLQWH)1&5



85
 6XSUDIDĠDORWXULORUVHPLQFHUHODFDUWRISURJUDPPXOWLSOLFDUH
Vol. 23


&DWHJRULDELRORJLFă
6XSUDIDĠD
-XGHĠ $JHQWHFRQRPLF 6RLXO 3UH %D]ӽ %D]ӽ &ODVD &ODVD
WRWDOӽ
ED]ӽ 6( ( $ %
BRAŞOV S.C. Comirflada
Riviera 0 0 0 6 0 6
144.6 ha 6 ha
 Dragusin Ardelean Ioan
Red Lady 0 0 0 0 7 7
7 ha
S.C. Manos Agro SRL Arizona 0 0 0 5 0 5
56 ha Kondor 0 0 5 5 0 10
Arnova 0 0 0 5 0 5
Carrera 0 0 0 3 0 3

86
Cosmos 0 3 0 0 0 3
Nr. 1

Picasso 0 0 3 3 0 6
Riviera 0 0 3 6 0 9
Sante 0 0 0 5 0 5
Ambition 0 0 0 2 0 2
Evolution 0 0 0 5 0 5
Marfona 0 0 0 3 0 3
S.C. Agromec Hărman Bellarosa 0 0 0 0 2 2
SA Marabel 0 0 0 0 2 2
6 ha Red Lady 0 0 0 2 0 2
INCDCSZ Braşov Christian 0 0 1.9 5.76 0 7.66
2014

84
 18.6 ha Roclas Bv 0 1.9 0 5.34 0 7.24
Rustic 0 0 1 0 0 1
Vol. 23

Spunta 0 0 0.5 0 0 0.5

Riviera 0 0 0 2.2 0 2.2
S.C. Solana Romania Opal 0 0 0 5 0 5
9 ha Lanorma 0 0 2 0 0 2
Aurea 0 0 0 2 0 2
S.C. Ungureanu Gabriel Labella 0 0 0 2 0 2
10 ha Carrera 0 0 0 4 0 4
Riviera 0 0 0 4 0 4
S.C. Agro-Zoo Trutsch
Red Lady 0 0 0 3 0 3
3 ha
S.C. Sit Agro SRL Bellarosa 0 0 0 0 7 7

87
11 ha Jelly 0 0 0 0 4 4
Nr. 1

SC Hibridul SA
Bellarosa 0 0 0 6 0 6
6 ha
S.C. Gusutri Com SRL Satina 0 0 0 2 0 2
6 ha Red Lady 0 0 0 4 0 4
S.C. Diasman SRL Arnova 0 0 0 0 2 2
6 ha Kondor 0 0 0 0 2 2
Riviera 0 0 0 0 2 2
TOTAL BRAŞOV 0 4.9 16.4 95.3 28 144.6
&29$61$ S.C. M&P Agro SRL Carrera 0 0 0 5 0 5
KD 10 ha Riviera 0 0 0 5 0 5
S.C. Bioplant SRL Carrera 0 0 0 2 0 2
2014
 10.5 ha Riviera 0 0 0 4 0 4
Hermes 0 0 4.5 0 0 4.5
Vol. 23

S.C. Romion Agri & Co Marfona 0 0 4 0 0 4

28 ha Agata 0 0 0 2 0 2
Evolution 0 0 0 2 0 2
Riviera 0 0 0 11 0 11
Arsenal 0 0 0 2 0 2
Arizona 0 0 0 5 0 5
Impala 0 0 0 2 0 2
S.C. Solfarm SRL Red
0 0 0 2 0 2
Fantasy
20 ha Bellarosa 0 0 0 4 0 4
Carrera 0 0 0 4 0 4

88
Jelly 0 0 0 2 0 2
Nr. 1

Riviera 0 0 0 4 0 4
Red Lady 0 0 0 2 0 2
Sylvana 0 0 0 2 0 2
S.C. Timate SRL
Carrera 0 0 0 5 0 5
5 ha
S.C. Agria SRL
2 ha Riviera 0 0 0 2 0 2
SC Prod Agrico M SRL Rudolph 0 0 0 2.2 0 2.2
16.18 ha Riviera 0 0 0 4 0 4
Bellarosa 0 0 0 2.38 0 2.38
2014
 Carrera 0 0 0 3.3 0 3.3
Evolution 0 0 0 2.3 0
Vol. 23

2.3
Desiree 0 0 0 2 0 2
SC Agroland SRL
Carrera 0 0 0 15.62 0 15.62
15.62 ha
SC Agrorange SRL Bellarosa 0 0 0 0 2 2
5 ha Jelly 0 0 0 3 0 3
SC Szilfaszeg SRL Opal 0 0 0 4 0 4
6 ha Red lady 0 0 0 2 0 2
Ambrus Maria IF-3 ha Carrera 0 0 0 3 0 3
SC Agrowest SRL Bellarosa 0 0 0 3 0 3
5 ha Jelly 0 0 0 2 0 2
SC Agromiki SRL Jelly 0 0 0 2.2 0 2.2

89
5 ha Bellarosa 0 0 0 2.8 0 2.8
Nr. 1

SC Agrogym SRL Riviera 0 0 0 5 0 5

10 ha Carrera 0 0 0 0 5 5
SC Solana Romania SRL Opal 0 0 5 10 0 15
(SC Elitagro SRL) Minerva 0 0 0 2 0 2
28.5 ha Laperla 0 3 1.5 2 0 6.5
Red Lady 0 0 5 0 0 5
SC Sanzso SRL 3 ha Opal 0 0 0 3 0 3
TOTAL COVASNA 0 3 20 142.8 7 172.8
HARGHITA S.C. Agromec SA Arnova 0 0 0 2 0 2
50.50 ha Sancraieni Bellarosa 0 0 0 2 0 2
17 ha Desiree 0 0 3 0 0 3
2014
 Carnaval 0 0 0 2 0 2
Carrera 0 0 0 2 0 2
Vol. 23

Laura 0 0 0 2 0 2
Riviera 0 0 0 2 0 2
Shannon 0 0 0 2 0 2
S.C. IB 32 SRL Bellarosa 0 0 0 2 0 2
Miercurea Ciuc
Arnova 0 0 0 3 0 3
5 ha
Bellarosa 0 0 0 2 0 2
SC Agromec SA M-Ciuc Barna 0 0 0 2 0 2
20 ha Carrera 0 0 0 2 0 2
Desiree 0 0 2 0 0 2
Impala 0 0 0 2 0 2

90
Jelly 0 0 0 2 0 2
Nr. 1

Red
0 0 0 2 0 2
Fantasy
Red
0 0 0 2 0 2
Scarlett
Sante 0 0 0 2 0 2
Svenja 0 0 0 2 0 2
SC Fitosic SEL Cozmeni
SRL Desiree 0 0 0 2.5 0 2.5
2.5 ha
SC Dako Impex SRL Hermes 0 0 0 2 0 2
Tusnad- 4 ha Newton 0 0 2 0 0 2
2014
 Darvas Szabolcs II
Miercurea Ciuc Jelly 0 0 0 0 2 2
Vol. 23

2 ha
TOTAL HARGHITA 0 0 7 41.5 2 50.5
NEAMŢ SC Agromixt Top Prod Esmee 0 0 0 1.5 0 1.5
6 ha Srl Timisesti
Arnova 0 0 0 1.5 0 1.5
3 ha
SC Tehnoind SRL
Ghigoiesti Kondor 0 0 0 3 0 3
3 ha
TOTAL NEAMŢ 0 0 0 6 0 6
6,%,8 S.C. Europlant SRL Viviana 0 0 2.3 0 0 2.3
28.8 ha 26.8 ha Bellarosa 0 0 2 8 0 10

91
Red
0 0 2.3 0 0 2.3
Nr. 1

Fantasy
Julinka 0 0 1.9 0 0 1.9
Europrima 0 0 1.1 2 0 3.1
Liliana 0 0 2.3 0 0 2.3
Jelly 0 0 2.3 0 0 2.3
Omega 0 0 1.5 0 0 1.5
Svenja 0 0 1.1 0 0 1.1
Soc Agr. Balea
Jelly 0 0 0 0 2 2
2 ha
TOTAL SIBIU 0 0 16.8 10 2 28.8
SUCEAVA I.I. Niculiţă E.Vladimir Laura 0 0 0 2 0 2
2014
 85.5 ha 5 ha Carrera 0 0 0 3 0 3
Vol. 23

S.C. Nord Intermed Manitou 0 0 0 0 3 3

Consulting SRL Rudolf 0 0 0 0 4 4
10 ha Marfona 0 0 0 0 3 3
S.C. Prodimpex SRL Patricia 0 0 0 0 30 30
38 ha Red Lady 0 0 0 8 0 8
S.C.D.A. Suceava
Ferma 2 Sante 0 0 5 0 11 16
16 ha
S.C.Agrodim Chiriac Red
0 0 0 0 4 4
SRL Fantasy
14.5 ha Patricea 0 0 0 3.5 0 3.5

92
Red Lady 0 0 0 7 0 7
Nr. 1

P.F.A Calinciuc Traian Carrera 0 0 0 0 1 1

2 ha Fabula 0 0 0 0 1 1
TOTAL SUCEAVA 0 0 5 23.5 57 85.5
TOTAL ŢARĂ 0 7.9 65.2 319.1 96 488.2

3UHOXFUDWGH,QJ,RDQ%HQHD
3UHúHGLQWH)1&±5

2014
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

127,ğ(
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBB


93
 Vol. 23 Nr. 1 2014

127,ğ(
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
BBBBBBBBBBBBB


94
INSTITUTUL NAŢIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE
PENTRU CARTOF ŞI SFECLĂ DE ZAHĂR BRAŞOV

Vă oferim:
Soiuri noi de cartof adaptate condiţiilor specifice din
România
Material de plantare de calitate din verigi biologice
superioare
Trehnologii moderne de cultivare a cartofului şi
sfeclei de zahăr
Material seminc ier de calitate pentru culturile
cerealiere (grâu, orz, triticale)
Material biologic selecţionat pentru crescătorii de
animale (vaci şi curci)
Instruiri pentru cultivatorii de cartof şi sfeclă de zahăr
Câmpuri şi loturi demonstrative cu soiuri româneşti
şi străine

SERVICIILE NOASTRE –
CHEIA SUCCESULUI DUMNEAVOASTRĂ !

500470 Braşov, str. Fundăturii nr.2

Tel. 0268-476795, Fax 0268-476608
E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Web: www.potato.ro
 REDACğIA REVISTEI
„CARTOFUL ÎN ROMÂNIA”
Institutul NaĠional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru
Cartof úi Sfeclă de Zahăr Braúov
Adresa: 550470 Braúov, str. Fundăturii nr.2
Tel. 0268-476795, Fax 0268-476608
E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Web: www.potato.ro
Colectivul de redacĠie: Dr.ing. Sorin CHIRU
Dr.ing. Victor DONESCU
Dr.ing Mihaela CIOLOCA
Ing. Gheorghe OLTEANU
Ing. Adrian GHINEA
FederaĠia NaĠională Cartoful din România
Adresa: Braúov, Str. Fundăturii nr 2, cod 500470, România,
Tel:+40/0268/476795, Fax +40/0268/476608, E-mail: icpc@potato.ro
Adresa de corespondenĠă: Loc. Fântâna nr.1 (Hoghiz) Jude‫܊‬ul Braúov,
cod 507099, România, Mobil: +40/0745/115555, Tel: +40/0268/286213,
E-mail: gbotoman@agroprospect.ro
Cod fiscal: 773969. Cont: RO05RZBR0000060000739734
Web: www.potato.ro/ro/fncr.php
Preúedinte: Dr. Gheorghe BO‫܉‬OMAN
Volum apĆrut cu ocazia Simpozionului NaĦional
„Ziua Verde a Cartofului” ediĦia 37-a
3 iulie 2014, JudeĦul Braüov
„Filiera cartofului de la materie primĆ la valorificare”
Operare úi tehnoredactare computerizată
Institutul NaĠional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru
Cartof úi Sfeclă de Zahăr Braúov
ISSN 1583-1655
CARTOFUL
în România
PublicaĦie de informare tehnicĆ pentru cultivatorii de cartof
Volumul 23 Nr. 1 2014
CUPRINS
Cercetarea útiinĠifică aplicativă la cartof
„CARTOFUL, banalitate sau miracol ?”
SIMPOZIONUL „ ZIUA VERDE A CARTOFULUI” – 2014
- SituaĠia actuală a agriculturii judeĠului Braúov
- Starea fitosanitară a principalelor culturi agricole din judeĠul Braúov
- Prezentarea firmei MANOS AGRO
- Prezentarea firmei Intersnack România
OFERTA CERCETĂRII
- BRAùOVIA – Nou soi de cartof creat la I.N.C.D.C.S.Z. Braúov
- EvoluĠia situaĠiei virotice la cartoful pentru sămânĠă úi preocupările în
domeniul reducerii infecĠilor
- PrezenĠa manei cartofului în câmp úi depozit
- Recomandări privind aplicarea erbicidelor la cultura cartofului
- Altfel despre gândacul din Colorado
- Viermii sârmă, dăunători vechi - probleme noi
- Identificarea de noi genotipuri tolerante la stresul hidric, prin tehnici
de cultivare in vitro
- Cartoful – produs agro-alimentar nelipsit din dieta omului modern.
Beneficiile utilizării unor preparate din cartof
- ImportanĠa cartofului cu conĠinut ridicat de antociani asupra stării de
sănătate úi calităĠii vieĠii
- ImportanĠa conservării in vitro a cartofului
RUBRICA SPECIALISTULUI
- Rezultate privind calitatea culinară úi pretabilitatea la industrializare la
sortimentul de soiuri din lotul demonstrativ de cartof 2013 – SC HIBRIDUL
Hărman, jud. Braúov
- Managementul azotului la cultura de cartof
- Eficacitatea tehnologiilor Cheminova pentru cultura cartofului în condiĠiile
ecologice de la SCDC M. Ciuc în perioada 2011 – 2013
INFORMAğII UTILE
- Date statistice privind situaĠia cartofului pentru sămânĠă 2014