Denumirea reaciei Adiia H2

Clasa de compui Alchene

Reacia chimic CH2=CH2 + H2 CH3-CH3 Condiii: Ni/Pt/Pd 180-200C 200 atm

Alchine

Arene

HCCH + H2CH2=CH2 Conditii: Pd/Pb2+ HCCH + 2H2CH3-CH3 Conditii: Ni C6H6+3H2C6H12 Ciclohexan Conditii:Ni, Pt la 180-200C Grasimile nesaturate (lichide) devin prin hidrogenare grasimi saturate(solide). (metoda de obtinere a margarinei) aldehida + H2alcool primar cetona + H2 alcool secundar Conditii: Na/KOH sau Zn/HCl CH2=CH-CH3+ HOHCH3-CH-CH3 OH HCCH+HOHCH2=CHCH3-CH OH O Conditii:HgSO4 in H2SO4 CH2-CH2+HOHCH2-CH2 \ / O OH OH
CH2=CH-CH3 + HClCH3-CH-CH3 Cl

Grsimi

Compui carbonilici

Adiia H2O

Alchene

Alchine

Etoxid

Adiia HX

Alchene Alchine

Compui carbonilici

Etoxid

HCCH +HClCH2=C-CH3 Cl Conditii: HgCl2 LA 120-170C R-CH=O +HClR-CH-OH Cl clorhidrina CH2-CH2+HClCH2-CH2 \ / O OH Cl

Adiia HCN

Alchine

HCCH+HCNCH2=CH CN Acrilonitril Conditii:NH4Cl in Cu2Cl2 la 80C

Compui carbonilici R-CH=O +HCNR-CH-CN OH ceanhidrina R-C-R + HCN CN O R- C-R OH ceanhidrina CH2-CH2+HCNCH2-CH2 \ / O OH CN

Etoxid

Adiia CH3-COOH

Alchine

Adiia Mg

Derivai halogenai

HCCH+CH3-COOH CH2=CH O-C-CH3 O Acetat de vinil Conditii: acetat de Zn la 200C R-CH2-X +MgR-CH2-MgX Compus organomagnezian (Grignard) Conditii: eter anhidru Aldehida+RMgXalcooli secundari Cetona+RMgXalcooli tertiari R-CH=O+NaHSO3R-CH-SO3Na OH 2-hidroxo-alchil-sulfonat de Na R-CH=O + CH3-CH2-OH R-CH-O-CH2-CH3 OH hidroxoeter

Adiia compusilor organomagnezieni Adiia NaHSO3(bisulfit de natriu) Reactie folosita pentru identificarea compusilor cristalizati Adiia alcoolilor

Compui carbonilici Compui carbonilici

Compui carbonilici

Aditia R-CHCH

Compusi carbonilici

Condensarea

Compui carbonilici

Polimerizarea Ozonizarea

Alchene Alchene

Dimerizarea

Alchine

H2C=O+HCCHCH2-CCH OH alcool propargilic Aldolica: consta in aditia CM la CC in urma cateia rezulta aldoli sau cetoli Crotonica:consta in eliminarea de apa intre CM si CC in urma careia rezulta aldehide sau cetone nesaturate nCH2=CH2(-CH2-CH2-)n O / \ R-CH=CH-R + O3R-CH CH-R OO 2HCCHCH2=CH-CCH Vinilacetilena Conditii:NH4Cl in Cu2Cl2 3HCCH C6H6 Conditii: tuburi ceramice la 600C

Trimerizarea

Alchine

Adiia X2

Alchene

CH2=CH2 + Cl2 CH2-CH2 Cl Cl

Alchine

Arene

HCCH+Cl2CH=CH Cl Cl Conditii: CCl4 C6H6+3Cl2C6H6Cl6 Hexaclorociclohexan Conditii: lumina