RECAPITULARE

1.

2.

Propozitiile interogative introduse prin pronumele interogativ "who" au intotdeauna structura

unei propozitii afirmative, iar verbul este la persoana a III-a singular.
Who saw you?

- Cine te-a vazut?

Who wants the book?

- Cine vrea cartea?

Numeralele ordinale:
the first

- primul, prima, intaiul, intaia

the second

- al doilea, a doua

the third

- al treilea, a treia

the fourth

- al patrulea, a patra

LECTIA
19 - PARTEA INTAI
,
In aceasta parte a lectiei yom invata cuvinte legate de starea vremii.
Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i tlti atenti la intelesul lor in limba romana:
gale

> [geil]

vant putemic, vijelie

hail

> [heil]

grindina

shower

> haua ']

aversa, ploaie torentiala

ice

>

shade

> heid]

dew

> [diu:]

rais]

gheata
umbra, nuanta
roua
r

thunderstorm

> [T'anda sto: '111 J

umbrella

> [ambrela]

umbrela

road

> [roud]

drum,

hurricane

> [harikan]

uragan

thaw

> [T'o: ]

dezghet, topire

sunny spells

> [sani spelz]

vreme insorita

fmtuna cu traznete,
vijelie

~osea

Cititi din nou cuvintele, dar in alta ordine:

thaw

> [TSo:]

dezghet, topire

umbrella

> [ambrela]

umbrela

shade

> [~eid]

umbra, nuanta

hail

> [heil]

grindina

sunny spells

> [sani spelz]

road

> [roud]

drum,

thunderstorm

> [T'andarsto:rm]

furtuna cu traznete

ice

> [ais]

gheata

gale

> [gcil ]

vant putemic, vijelie

hurricane

> [harikanl

dew

> [diu:]

roua

shower

> I~auar]

aversa, ploaie torentiala

-2-

- vreme insorita

~osea

uragan

lata cuvintele noi In propozitii:

There were a lot of gales
in January.

> l D"ea' "a :' a lot ov geilz

in djEniLlari]

- Au fost multe vijelii

In ianuarie.

There was some hail

this morning.

> [ Dlea' "az sam heil

DZis mo:'nin lgl ]

- Azi dimineata a fost

grindina.

There is ice on the water.

> [Dlea' iz ais on Dla "o:ta']

- Este gheata pe apa.

Can you see the dew

on the grass?

> l kEn iu: si: DLa diu:

on DZa gra:s]

- Poti sa vezi roua

pe iarba?

There are no thunderstorms

in these surroundings.

> [Dlea' a:' nau Pand~l'sto:'mz - In aceste locuri nu sunt

in D'i:z saraundin(g)z]
furtuni cu traznete.

Don't forget your umbrella!

> l daunt forget io:' ambrela]

- Nu-ti uita umbrela!

This road is too narrow

for a van.

> [Dlis raud iz tLl: nErau

fo:' a YEn]

- Acest drum este prea Ingust

pentru 0 furgoneta.

Hurricanes bring a lot of

ram.

> [harikanz brin(g) a lot av

rein]

- Uraganele aduc multa

ploaie.

The thaw will start

next month.

>[DZa Po: "il sta:'t

nekst man T']

- Dezghetul va Incepe
luna viitoare.

The shade is long

in the afternoon.

> [D1a

There will be a shower

in the morning.

> [D"e[l' "il bi: a ~aua'

in D"a mo:'nin lg )]

- Dimineata va fi aversa.

Sunny spells don't often

happen in autumn.

> [sani spclz daunt oti1

hEpn in o:t~lm]

- Toamna nu este des

vreme Insorita.

~cid

iz !on(g)
in D"i a: fta'nu:n]

- E multa umbra
dupa amiaza.

Completati urmatoarele propozitii In limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare. Folositi filtrul

Nu-mi place dezghetul.
Ti-ai cumparat deja
A fost

- I don't like >the thaw.

umbrela noua?

- Have you already bought a new >umbrella?

nuanta de zambet pe fata lui.

- There was a >Shade of smile on his face.

In aceasta primavara nu va fi grindina.

- There won't be any >hail this spring.

Ultima zi Insorita a fast in urma cu

- The last >sunny spell was a month ago.

luna.

Trebuie s-o luam pe acest drum.

- We must take this >road.

Vara imi plac furtunile cu trasnete.

- 1 love >thunderstorms in summer.

Este multa gheata pe rau.

- There is a lot of >ice on the river.

Chiar vrei sa

ie~i

ro~u:

pe acest vant puternic?

- Do you really want to go out in this >gale?

Uraganul este In apropierea Americii.

- The >hurricane is near America.

Dimineata este Intotdeauna roua pe iarba.

- There is always >dcw on the grass

in the morning.

Cred ca maine vor fi averse.

- I think there will be >Showers tomorrow.

3

Traduceti propozqllle urmiHoare in Innba engleza.

lIm

plac toate nuantele de verde.

> I like all shades of green.

Acest drum este cel mal bun.

> ThIs road IS the best.

Luna aceasta au fost multe vlJelIi.

> ThIs month there have been

many thundel storms.

Nu-ml plac aversele.

> I don't like showers.

Pune-tl pantofil! Este roua pe iarba.

> Put on your shoes! There IS dew on the grass.

Cand este dezghet, strazile sunt ude.

> When there IS thaw, the streets are wet.

Pot sa Iau umbreJa ta?

> Can I take your umbrella?

NO! am pierdut totul in tlmpul uraganului.

> \Ve lost everythmg m the hurncane.

Intr-adevar itl place cealUl rece cu gheata?

> 00 you Ieally like Ice-tea?

Sper ca aZI va fi vreme insonta.

> I hope there wIll be sunny spells today.

leri a fost ploale ~I gnndma.

> Yestelday we had ram and haIl.

lama sunt des vantun putemlce.

> [here are often gales In WInter.

Primavara va SOSI dupa ultImul dezghet.

> SPI mg \\ III come after the last thaw.

In aceasta Jeetle ne vom ocupa de 0 problema nnportanta a gramatIcn engleze, modul conditional.
Propozltla condltlOnala este de trel tipun. lata primul tip.
Tipul intii (1. Conditional) ~e refera la vuto/: indepl//urea cond/tiei, respect/v realtzarea activitiiru
\'l/toare, este poslhila.
lata cateva exemple.
If you return thIS book
you will get another

> [IfILl IIta.'n O/IS buk

If she leaves too late,

she will be late for her bus.

> [If ~l iI. vz tu lclt

r
Sl ull bl. IClt fo. r ha bas]

- Oaca ea pJeaca prea tarziu,

va plerde autobuzul.

The weather will be nice If

the temperatlll e Isn't lower.

> LOla L1 e D l a' L111 bl n,IlS If

D/a tcmp[Jt~ar iznt loua']

- Vremea va fi placuta, daca

temperatura nu va fi mai scazutii.

III

till gct ana0 7 a']

- Oaca inapoiezI aceasta carte,

vel prum alta.

Deslgllr arl oh.\ervat cum se utllt:.ea:.a if [If] (inseal11na' daca, presllpunimd ca) in propozitil.

Rerl/lerl ca in propo:.ltia condltlOllala (care este Illtrodll~a pnn if) se foloseste tl/npul prezent
simplu (SImple Present), far ill propo:'lrfa prinClpala ~e IItlltzeaza vlitorul Sllllplu (Sllnple Future).

Completati propozitiile unnatoare cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Daca ploua nu vom merge 1a plimbare.

- If it > ramswe won't go for a walk.

Nu vei fi un medic bun, daca

nu inveti.

- You won't be a good doctor if

you> don't learn.

Oaca maine e gel', vom ramane

acasa.

- If there > IS frost tomorrow, we will stay

at home.

Daca nll-~i ia umbrela, ea se va intoarce

acasa uda.

- If she> doesn't take her umbrella

she will return home wet.

lar acum sa invatam cateva adjective noi. Cititi cllvintele cu voce tare
in limba romana:

~i

retineti corespondentullor

slippery

> [slipall]

- alunecos

severe

> [sl\ia']

- sever, aspru, cumplit

changeable

>

dense

> [dens]

- dens, compact

oppressIve

> [opresiv]

- apasator,

dangerous

> [dcmdjaras]

-periculos

Sa exersam

acelea~i

[t~cindjabl]

- schimbator

inabu~itor

cuvinte, dar intr-o alta ordine:

changeable

> [t;;emdlabl]

- schimbator

oppressive

>

- apasator,

slippery

> [slipan]

- alunecos

severe

> [slviarJ

- sever, aspru, cumplit

dense

> [dens]

- dens, compact

dangerous

> [dcmdjaras]

-periculos

[OpICSIV]

Cititi cu voce tare unnatorlll dialog scurt in care apar

A:
B:
A:
B:

~i

inabu~itor

cuvintele noi:

Do you like the weather today?

No, it's awful. In the morning the fog was so dense that I didn't see my car.
Yes, and the streets were slippery. It was dangerous. I think this winter will be severe.
I am not sure. The weather is always changeable in November. And it's better than the
oppressive heat in summer.

lata propozitiile din text

~i

traducerea lor in limba romana:

Do you like the weather

today?

> [dll iu. lalk [Ya lIefYa'

ladc!]

No, it's awfuL.

>

[lldll lis II

IlJ

- iti place azi vremea?

- Nu, este groaznica.

In the morning the fog was > [111 D\l mo:'nin(g) D/a
so dense that I didn't see my
l'og U oz sou d ens DIE~t al.
r
car.
didnt si: mai ka: ]

Dimineata ceata a fost atat

de deasa, incat nu mi-am
vazut ma~ina.
Da, ~i strazile au fost
alunecoase.

Yes, and the streets were

slippery.

> [/\:s End D/a stri:ts ua:r

It was dangerous.

> !it uoz deindjaras]

A fost periculos.

I think this winter will be

severe.

> [ai r'in(g)k D/IS uintar IIi]

Cred ca aceasta iarna va fi

aspra.

I am not sure.

> [ai Em not ;;ua']

Nu sunt sigur.

The weather is always

changeable in November.

> [D/a ueD/al IZ o:luelz

In noiembrie vremea este

intotdeauna schimbatoare.

sliparil

bi: sidi/]

t;;eindjabl

In

nouvemb[\I]
r

And it's better than the

oppressive heat in summer.

> [End its beta D/En D/a

opresiv 11I.t in sal1la')

Si este mai bine decat

caldura inabu~itoare vara.

Desigur ati memorat deja cuvintele noi. Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:
S-a depus un ger cumplit.

> Sevel e frost has set in.

In Romania avem

We have> changeable weather in

Romania.

vreme schimbatoare.

Este un trafic intens pe strazi.

Drumul a fost alunecos
pe jos.

a~a

There is > dense traffic in the streets.

ca noi am mers

Aceste animaIe pot fi periculoase.

Vara aceasta a fost

caldura

The road was> "lIppery so we went on

foot.
These animals can be > dangerous.

inabu~itoare.

This summer there has been> oppressIve

heat.

"Severe frost has set in."

-6-

Traducetl in hmba engleza urmatoarele cuvinte. Folosltl filtrul

ro~u:

schimbator

> Lhangeable

dens

> dense

alunecos

> slippery

sever

> scvere

inabu~itor

> oppressive

periculos

> dangcrous

Numeralele ordinale invatate pana acum sunt:

the first

- primul, prima, intaiul, intaia

the second

- al doilea, a doua

the third

- al trellea, a treia

the fourth

- al patrulea, a patra

Celelalte numerale ord/llale se formeazii prin adiiugarea ternlll1a!iel -th la l1umeralele cardinale:
SlX

sixth

> [siksT']

seven

seventh

> [sevnT S ]

Ortografia

IIIlOra

dintre numerale ordinale se schil11bii prin adiiugarea terl11ina!iei -th:

five

fifth

> [fifP]

twelve

twelfth

> [tUclfP]

in ca::ul ill care Ilumeralele se terl11inii in -y, acesta se preschimbii in -ie, la adiiugarea terl11ina!iei -th:
twenty

> [t"entlaT']

twentieth

in cazul numeralelor urdlllale compuse - ca de exemplu "al douii::eci ,~i unulea, al dOllea, al
trezlea ", in englezii folosim cuvintele first, second, third, etc.:
al douazeci
al trelzeci
~aizeci ~i

~i

~I

unulea

doilea

treilea

- the twenty- first

> [t"entl fa:rst]

- the thirty-second

> [T'a:rti sekand]

- the sixty-third

> [sikstl T'a 'd]

Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

> It was our tenth day of work.

A fost a zecea noastra zi de lucru.

Aceasta carte este pe al douazeci
raft la dreapta.

> ThiS book IS on the twenty-sixth

shelf on the nght.

~i ~aselea

> The 1"01 ty-se\ enth tcacher has Just

dppllcd for the lob.

Al patruzeci ~I ~aptelea profesor tocmai

a solicitat sluJba.
7

Daca numeralele sunt sCl'ise cu cifi-e, atunci c!frelor Ii se adauga ultimele doua litere ale formei serise eu litere:
first

1st

second

2nd

third

3rd

twenty-fifth

25th

Acum sa Invatam

~ase

verbe noi:

to need

> [tll nl:dl

a avea nevoie de, a trebui

to freeze

> [tll fri:z]

a Ingheta, a degera

to melt

> [tll melt]

a topi, a se topi

to drizzle

> [tLl dtizl]

a bumita

to drop

> [tu drop]

a picura, a ciidea, a scapa

to set in

> [tLl set in]

a Incepe, a se instala

Sa exersam

acela~i

verbe Intr-o alta ordine:

to drop

> [tLl drop]

a picura, a cadea, a scapa

to melt

> [tLl melt I

a topi, a se topi

to set in

> [tLl set in]

a Incepe, a se instala

to need

> [lLl nut]

a avea nevoie de, a trebui

to drizzle

> ItLl drizl]

a bumita

to freeze

> [tLl fri:z]

a Ingheta, a degera

Dintre verbele de mai sus, doua sunt neregulate. lata formele lor:
forma a I-a
freeze

> I !tTZ]

set in

> [set

mJ

forma a II-a

forma a III-a

froze

> [fIOUZ]

frozen

> [frollll1]

set in

> [set Ill]

set in

> [set 111]

Sa folosim aceste verbe In propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare

romana:
He has always needed our
help.

> [hi' hEz o:llle/z l1i:did

l

aua help]

The water has frozen.

~i

urmariti traducerea In limba

El a avut Intotdeauna
nevoie de ajutorul nostru.
Apa a Inghetat.

The thaw will set in next

month.

> [O/a T'o: lid set

The ice has already melted.

> [D/i alS hEz o'lredi

111

manT']

meltid]

-8-

nekst

- Dezghetul va Incepe luna

viitoare.
- Gheata s-a topit deja.

We won't go to town if it
drizzles tomorrow.

> l"i: "ount gau tu taun if it

drizlz tamorau]

- Nu vom merge in ora~ daca

va burnita maine.

Don't drop this magazine

on the floor.

> [daunt drop D/is mEgazi:n

on DZ~\ flo:']

- Nu scapa pe podea
aceasta revista.

In exercitiul urmator completati urmatoarele propozitii cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor:

A cazut ceva de pe masa.

- Something has >dropped from the table.

Gheata se va topi primavara.

- Ice will >melt in spring.

Trebuie sa congelam ni~te mancare.

- We must >freeze some food.

Ai nevoie azi de

)na~ina?

- Do you >need the car today?

Daca incepe un inghet aspru, vom parasi

acest ora~.

- If severe frost >sets in we will leave

this town.

A bumitat ieri toata ziua.

- It >drizzled all day yesterday.

Desigur v-ati

insu~it

deja verbele noi. Traduceti in limba romana:

a ingheta

> to freeze

a avea nevoie de

> to need

a se topi

> to melt

a se instala, a incepe

> to set in

a burnita

> to drizzle

a scapa

> to drop

Cititi cu atentie propozitiile:

ma~ini

They make cars in this factory.

- Ei fac

Cars are made in this factory.

- In aceasta fabrica se fac ma~ini.

in aceasta fabrica.

Ati sesizat deosebirea?

Propozi{ia a doua este la diateza pasiva (Passive Voice [pa: siv vois)), care se folose,~te atunci ciind
subiectul este obiectul care suferd ac{iunea iar autorul ac{iunii este exprimat printr-ul1 complement.
Diateza pasiva se compune din forma corespunzatoare a verbului to be ~i forma a III-a a verbului
principal.

lata dHeva exemple:

> [Dza hEmal' lI oz faund in

The hammer was found in

the shed.

DZa ~edj

The floor in the kitchen will >

lD\\ flo:1' in D/a

be mopped tomorrow.

lIj]

- Ciocanul a fast gasit in

~ura.

kil~an

Podeua din bucatarie va fi

spalata maine.

bi: mopt tamorouj

Unneaza un exercitiu u~or. Transfonnati propozitiile din diateza activa in diateza pasiva. Completati propozitiile:
She emptied the basket.

The basket> was emptied.

She has ironed her son's shirts.

Her son's shirts> have been ironed.

We will negotiate a raise tomorrow.

A raise> will be negotiated tomorrow.

They deliver newspapers every day.

Newspapers> are delivered every day.

!/~~~~ser~~t,~~~;:~~~~;~~~I~~entuI~~:~~~;~pozitieila di~teza I
I

activa devine subiectul propozitiei la diateza pasiva.

l -._-_._- ._

...

_._- -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ . - ..

_---_ .._-_.

__. _ - - - - - - - - - - . - /.

Sa recapitulam materialul acestei parti a lectiei. Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba

engleza:
Am uitat sa iau umbrela.

> I have forgotten to take the umbrella.

Am avut doar cil.teva furtuni cu trasnete

vara aceasta.

> We have had only a few thunderstonTIs

this summer.

Acest drum a fost construit in urma cu doi

am.

> This road was buill two y ~ars ago.

Al doisprezecelea politist a sosit prea tarziu.

> The twelfth policeman caine too late.

Daca nu lucrezi nu vei avea bani.

> If you don't work you will not have

money.

Toate scrisorile au fost trimise deja.

> All letters have already b,:en sent.

vom vizita pe John ~i pe Mary dad nu

ploua marunt.

> We ""ill visit John and Mary if it doesn't

drizzle.

Ii

Puloverul meu a fost

cro~etat.

> My sweater has been knitted.

Daca ceata este deasa, nu vom vedea nimic.

> If the fog is dense, we witl see nothing.

Drumurile alunecoase sunt foarte periculoase.

> Slippery roads are very ch,ngerous.

Am nevoie de

> I need a

multime de haine noi.

Acesta este al cincizecilea angajat al nostru.

101

of new clothes.

> This is our fiftielh employee.

- 10-

LECTIA
19 - PARTEA A DaDA
,
Furtunile ;;i ploile din prima parte a lectiei ne-au Iacut sa ne gfmdim la
caminul nostru confortabil. Sa intram in donnitor:
double bed

> [dabl bed]

- pat dublu

sheet

> [~i:t]

- cear;;af

blanket

> [hIEn{g)kit]

- piltura

pillow

> [pilou]

- perna

bedspread

> [bedspredj

- cuvertura de pat

alarm clock

> [ala:1m klok I

- ceas de;;teptiitor

sheets

> [~i:tsl

- cear;;afuri, foi de hartie

wardrobe

> C'o:'droub]

- garderoba, ;;ifonier,
dulap de haine

rug

> [rag]

- covora;;, carpeta

dressing-gown

> [dresin(g) gaun]

- halat, capot

single bed

> [sing I bed]

- pat de

dream

> [dri:lll]

- vis

nightmare

> [naitmefl']

- co;;mar

persoana

Repetati cuvintele ;;i in aWi ordine. Exersati pronuntia ;;i retineti sensul
lor in limba romfma:
rug

> [rag]

- covora;;, carpeta

dream

> [dri:m]

- vis

bedspread

> [bedspredl

- cuvertura de pat

double bed

> [dabl bed]

- pat dublu

pillow

> [pilau]

- perna

nightmare

> [naitmcf{]

- co;;mar

blanket

> [bIEnlg)kitj

- patura

wardrobe

> [uo:rdroub]

- garderoba, ;;ifonier,
dulap de haine

alarm clock

> [ala:rm klakj

- ceas de;;teptator

sheet

> r~i:t]

- cear;;af

dressing-gown

> ldresin(g) gaun]

- halat

single bed

> [singl bed]

- pat de

sheets

> [;;i:tsJ

- cear;;afuri, foi de hartie

- 11 -

persoana

Sa citim cu voce tare dialogul, in care am folosit

A:
B:
A:
B:

A:
B:
A:
B:

~i

cuvintele noi:

What do you want to have in our bedroom?

We must have one double bed or two single beds.
I think we can have a wardrobe in the corner of the room.
Yes, and two small rugs near the bed. I want to buy many new
things. I am thinking about new dressing-gowns, new pillows
and blankets.
... new sheets and a large bedspread. Can we afford it?
I hope we can. We can also buy a new electric alarm clock.
They are very good.
Will we buy new, nice dreams too?
I think that after we buy all the new things we can afford only
nightmares. They are cheaper.

Sa analizam acum separat fiecare propozitie. Cititi propozitiile

~i

fiti atenti la pronuntie:

What do you want to have in> [u ot du iu: uont tu hEv in - Ce vrei sa avem in noul
our new bedroom?
aLla' nlU: bedrumJ
nostru donnitor?
We must have one double
bed or two single beds.

> lUi: mast hEv

bed

0:

lI

an dabl

tu: sing] bedz]

I think we can have a big

> [al T\n(1!)k ui: kEn hEv a
wardrobe in the comer of the
1I o. I'd rou b'111 D Z ab Ig
room.
ko:1n[\1 ov DZa ru:m]

Yes, and two small rugs near>

I ics End tLl smo.l ragz

the bed.

nia' D\\ hed]

I want to buy many new

things.

> [ai uont tLl bai me111 nlU:

T'intg)z]

> [ai Em T'in l 1!)kin(g) abaut

I am thinking about new
dressing-gowns, pillows and
nlLl: dresin(g) gaunz
blankets.
piloLlz End blEn(g)kits]

a la:l'dj

Trebuie sa avem un pat

dublu sau doua paturi
simple.
Cred ca putem avea un
~ifonier mare in coltul
camerei.
Da, ~i doua
langa pat.

covora~e

mici

Vreau sa cumpar multe

1ucruri noi.
Ma gandesc la ha1ate noi,
peme ~i paturi.

... cear~afuri noi ~i 0

cuvertura de pat mare.

... new sheets and a large

bedspread.

> [n/Ll. :;;i:t<: End

Can we afford it?

> [kFn ul. fIfo t d it]

Ne putem pennite asta?

I hope we can.

> [<Ii hOLlp u1: kEnJ

Sper ci'i putem.

We can also buy a new

electric alann clock.

> [ul: kEn olsou bal

bedspred]

a niu:

ilektnk rda:1m klok]

They are very good.

Will we buy new, nIce
dreams too?

Putem deasemenea
cumpara ~i un ceas
de~teptator electric nou.
Sunt foarte bune.

> [till ul. bal niLl. l1alS

dl! mz tu']

- 12-

Vom cumpara
placute?

~i

vise noi,

l
I think that after we buy all > [ai T'm()2Jk D/Et a:fta
the new things we can afford
lIj: hal 0:1 D/fl nllJ:
only nightmares.
T'in()2)z IIi. k1:11 Mold

ounli na/tml.:fllzj
1

> !D\:i a: t"i.pfl'l

They are cheaper.

Cred ca dupa ee
cumparam toate luerurile
noi, ne yom putea permite
doar co~maruri.
- Sunt mai ieftine.

Acum folositi noile cuvinte. Introduceti-Ie in unnatoarele propozitii:

Ei au aiei eamere eu paturi duble.

- They have rooms with> double bed"

here.

Trebuie sa-i cumpar nevestei mele un halat

I must buy my wife a new> dressIng

Putem sa-ti dam doar paturi ~i peme.

We can only give you> blankets and

> pillows.

Cit costa acest ceas de~teptator.

How much is this> alarm clock?

Ai vazut cear~afurile verzi in magazin?

Did you see the green> sheets in the

shop?

Vom lua un pat simplu pentru fiica noastra.

We'll take one> single bed for our

daughter.

Ce culoare au

covora~ele

tale?

What colour are your >

Cuvertura de pat trebuie sa fie alba.

Vom face un

~ifonier ~i-I

yom

a~eza

r~lgs?

The> bedspread must be white.

in colt.

Visezi des noaptea?

We'll make a > \\ardrobc and put it in

the corner.
Do you often have> dreams at night?

Ultimele zile au fost un

co~mar

pentm mine.

The last days were a > nightmare for me.

~ P'.. ~~

~ .

"I must buy my wife a new dressing-gown".

- 13 -

Traduceti In limba engleza urmatoarele cuvinte:

vis

> dream

patura

> blanket

halat, capot

> dress109-gown

perna

> pillow

ceas dqteptator

> alarm clock

covora~

>

cear~af

> sheet

cear~afuri,

lUg

> sheets

foi de hartie

cuvertura de pat

> bedspread

co~mar

> nIghtmare

garderoba

> \\ ardrobe

pat dublu

> double bed

pat de

> smgle bed

persoana

Datele se scnu ill fe/ul urmiitor:

- pe 21 octombrie

on the 21 st of October

The bed will be delivered on

the 15th of November.

> [LYa bed l'll bl. dlliva'd on

[)fa ld'ti.nPav nou\cmb,I']

- Patul va fi livrat la
15 noiembrie.

This letter was written

on 31 st July.

>

- Aceasta scrisoare a fost scrisa

pe 31 iulie.

leta' "az I iln on

Pa"11 fa ' s t ,1\ dlul:lI]

[[YIS

DZa

Sa Inva!am cateva verbe noi:

to kill

> [tll kll]

- a omori, a ucide

to drown

> [tll thalln]

- a Ineca, a se Ineca

to wreck

> [Iulck]

- a sfarama, a distruge, a avaria

to bum

> [Iu barn]

- a arde, a prajI, a fi aprins

Unul dmtre verbe este neregulat:

forma I
burn

> [bel 'n]

forma a II-a

fonna a lll-a

burnt

burnt

14

> [ba 'nl]

lata cum se folosesc verbele in Propoziiii:

EI a ucis

He killed seven people.

> [hi: kild

That man has drowned his

> rOZEt mEn h Lz draund

dog.

SC\

n pi:pl]

hi? dog]

~apte

Omul acela
diinele.

oameni.

~i-a

inecat

Don't wreck my car!

r
> [dount rek mai ka: J

Nu-mi distruge

Wood bums easily.

. T1J
> [li u d b":
a: nz 1:71

Lemnul arde bine.

ma~ina!

La diateza pasiva aceste verbe noi au alta semnificatie:

- a-;;i pierde viata, (a fi
ucis), a ciidea (de ex. in
razboi)

to be killed

> [tu bl. kild]

to be drowned

> [tu bi: draundJ

a se ineca

to be wrecked

> [tu bi: rektJ

a se distruge, a suferi un
naufragiu, a se avaria

to be burnt down

> [tu bi: ba: nt daun]

a arde pana in temelii

to be blown down

> [t u bi. bloun daunj

a dobor!, a rastuma

to be blown out

> [tu bi: bioun aut [

a sufla, a stinge prin

suflare

Urmeaza cateva exemple:

1

Fifty-two people were killed > [fifJi tu: pi:pl l'U: kild in
in this accident.

DZis Eksldant!

You will be drowned if they > [iu. llJ! bi: draund if [)zci
dount t1t~

Ill:

The plane was wrecked in a > [Dza plein

lI O

don't teach you to swim.

hurricane.

tu sllim]
? rekt in

harikanJ

The fire will be blown out in> IOza faii/ lIil bi: bloun
a minute.

aut in

a minit]
tri:z lI a:r

Many trees were blown

down yesterday.

> [meni

bloun

The car was burnt down.

> loza ka: 1 u o ? baJnt daun I

daun ieslardei]

- In acest accident ~i-au

pierdut viata cincizeci~idoi
de oameni.
Te vei ineca daca ei nu te
invata sa inoti.
Avionul a fost avariat in
timpul unui uragan.
Focul va fi stins intr-un
minut.
leri au fost doborati multi
copaci.
Ma~ina

a ars de tot.

In exercitiul urmator, completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului:

Furtuna a avariat hotelul in data de 23 maio

The hurricane> \\ reck.:d the hotel on

rd
23 May.

Poti sa te ineci daca inoti maine.

You can> dro\\ n if you swim tomorrow.

Un copil ~i-a pierdut viata in accident.

A child> \\ as kIlled in the accident.

Casa noastra a ars pana in temelii saptamana

trecuta.

Our house> \\ as burnt do\\ n last week.

- 15 -

Copacii s-au rasturnat de viintul puternic.

- The trees >wcre blown down in the gale.

Mal mult de 0 suta de oameni s-au Inecat

ciind vaporul a naufragiat.

- More than a hundred people >were drowned

when the ship >was wrecked.

Oamenll ucid alti oameni In fIe care

- People >kI11 other people every day.

Zl.

Incalze~ti cu lemne lama?

- Do you >burn wood in the winter?

Focul a fost stins.

- The fire >has been blown out.

Acum iata un grup de adjective noi. Exersati pronuntia

~i

retineti Intelesul lor In limba romiina:

sleepy

> [sli:pl]

- somnoros, adonnit

quiet

> [kUalat]

unpleasant

> [anpleznt]

- neplacut

nOIsy

> [nolZl ]

- zgomotos, galagios

dirty

> l d'.'tl]

- murdar

modem

> [l11oda'n]

- modern, nou, contemporan

lini~tit,

calm, potolit

Cihtl cu atentie unnatoarele propozitii In care apar adjectivele noi:

> l alII I sll.pl

1 feel sleepy this

mommg.

1110 'nIl1

ICI

- Sunt somnoros In
dimineata aceasta.

LYI~

lini~tita.

Our street is very quiet.

> [aua' stll t IZ \ ell kUaiat]

- Strada noastra este fomie

Nightmares are unpleasant.

> [naltl11c,j'Z a" anpleznt]

Co~marurile

These children were

very nOIsy.

> l O/I'Z t)ilth an Ua '

yen nOIZlJ

Ace~ti

copii au fost

foarte

galagio~i.

We must clean the car

because it is dirty.

> lUI: l11a~t kll.n lYa ka: 1

hlkoz It IZ da.'lI]

- TrebLlle sa curatam ma~ina

deoarece este murdara.

This is a modern factory.

> lO/ls

IZ

a l11oda'n

j}~ktan]

sunt neplacute.

- Aceasta este 0 fabrica modema.

In exercqlUl unnator completati urmatoarele propozitil In limba engleza cu noile cuvinte:

COPIll

no~tn

sunt foarte

Am avut vecml

somnoro~i.

- Our children are very >sleepy.

galagio~i.

- We had

Ma~inile

neighbours.

- Look at your >dlrty hands!

Uita-te la miiinile tale murdare!

Vreau sa traiesc Intr-un

>nol~y

ora~ lini~tlt.

- I want to live in a >qulct town.

modeme sunt scumpe.

- > 1\1 odcrn cars are expensive.

- 1 have never been in a more
>unpkasant situation!

Niciodata nu am fost Intr-o situatle

mai neplacuta!
16

Traduce\i unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

I ini~tit

> quiet

murdar

> dirty

zgomotos

> nOIsy

modem

> modem

somnoros

> sleepy

neplacut

> unpleasant

in exerci{iul urmator vom

inva/a substantive care apar intotdeauna la plural:

trousers

> [trauza z]

spectacles

> [spekHiklz]

ochelari

scissors

> [sizarz]

foarfeca

binoculars

r
> [binokiula z]

binoclu

glasses

> [gla :siz]

ochelari

- pantaloni

Pentru a defini cantitorea exacta a acestor obieete, sefolose$te expresia a pair of [5 pear ov]
o pereche.

Cititi cu voce tare exemplele:

[ want to buy a pair of
trousers.
Where are my binoculars?
1 don't see them.
We have sold ten pairs of
spectacles today.

> [ai uont tu bai

a pear

av

I'
> [uear a: mai binokiu1i:/z

scissors.

Unde este binoclul meu?

Nu-l viid.

ai daunt si: DIem]

>

[L1'
_I' z
. I: I1 E
~ V sou Id ten pea

Azi noi am vandut zece

perechi de ochelari.

ov spektaklz tadei)

She cannot find her glasses. > [~i: kEnot faind ha:1'
gla:siz]
1 must buy three pairs of

Vreau sa cumpar 0
pereche de pantaloni.

trauzarz]

> [ai mast bai T\i: pei'/ Z

Ea

nu-~i gase~te

ochelarii.

Trcbuic sa cumpar trei

foarfece.

ov siza z]

lata cateva verbe noi:

to get

> [tu get]

to wake up

> [tu

to snore

> [tu sno:l']

a sforai

to dream

> [tu dri:m]

a visa,

to shave

> Itu ~eiv ]

a barbieri, a se barbieri

to undress

> [tu andres]

a (se) dezbraca

LI

eik ap]

- 17-

a obtine, a ajunge, a
deveni
a se trezi

a-~i

inchipui

Dintre aceste verbe, trei sunt neregulate. Formele lor sunt:

forma I

forma a II-a

forma a III-a

get

> [get]

got

> [goll

got

> [got]

wake

> [ueik]

woke

> IUouk]

woken

> Illoukn]

dream

> [dri.mj

dreamt

> [dremt j

dreamt

> [dremt]

Sa exersam utilizarea verbelor noi in propozitii. Fiti atenti la pronuntie:

I always get sleepy late at

night.

Totdeuna devin somnoros

noaptea tarziu.

> [al 0 jlleiz get SJi:Pl leit

Et na/t]

Undress and go to bed.

> [andres End gou tu bed]

We woke up at seven.

1I
> [1:

1I ouk

Dezbraca-te
culcare!

ap J:l sevn I

Ne-am trezit la

Have you ever dreamt about> [hEv iu: e\i:\1 dreml abaut

a big

a big house?
Do you always snore when
you sleep?

> [du
IU

Have you shaved yet?

haus]

IU:

o:lueiz sno: 1 uen

du-te la

~apte.

Ai visat vreodata la
mare?

casa

Sforai intotdeuna cand

dormi?

slI:pJ

> [hEv

~i

IU: ~elvd let]

- Te-ai biirbierit deja?

Completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului:

Vremea va deveni cetoasa.

It is > geltll1g foggy.

Copiii s-au dezbracat deja.

The children have already> undressed.

Am visat la

0 ma~ina

Maine trebuie sa te
devreme.

I have > dreamt about a new car.

noua.

barbiere~ti

You must> "have earlier tomorrow.

mai

Sforai de obicei?
S-au trezit inainte de

In

Do you usually> snore?

~ase.

They>

V\

oke up before six.

umlatorul exercitiu traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:

a sforai

> to

a se dezbraca

> to und! e"s

a obtine

> to get

a se barbieri

> to shave

a visa

> to dre3111

a se trezi

> 10 \\ ake up

- 18 -

snor~

Acest ultim exercitiu este de verificare. Traduceti propozltiile in limba engleza ~i exersati pronuntia:
Pe data de 25 mai a fast un vant putemic.

> There was a strong gale on 25th May.

Furtunile cu traznete sunt i'ntotdeauna perieuloase. > Thunderstorms are always dangerous.
~ase

oameni

~i-au

> SIX people were killed

pierdut viata in acest uragan.

III

this hurricane.

Daca se intuncea nu vom gasi aeeasta easa.

> If it gets dal k we won't find thIS house.

Acest ceas de~teptator a fast cumparat din

acest magazin.

> This alarm clock \Vas bought in

thiS shop.

iti place vremea schimbatoare?

> Do you like changeable weather?

Pantalonii tai sunt in dulap.

> Your trousers are In the wardrobe.

Vaporul a naufragiat pe a ceata deasa.

> The ship was wrecked

Fiiea lor s-a inecat anul trecut.

> Their daughter dlOwned last year.

Saptamana aceasta au fast multe averse.

> There have been many showers this week.

Nu vei cumpara aceasta carte daca cheltui

toti banii pe haine.

> You won't buy thIS book If you spend

all the lTIon\lY on clothes.

Este pe al douazecilea raft.

> It is on the twentIeth shel f.

Mancarea e congelata.

> The food IS frozen.

Copiii nu s-au trezit inca.

> The chIldren have not woken up yet.

La sfar~itulleetiei unneaza un exercitiu de pronuntie. Cuvintele de pe

identlce:
[au]

[a:rJ

[c]

[ail

shower

burn

wreck

fire

drown

dirty

get

Ice

brown

-third

dense

lllce

down

bird

set

find

19

III

a dense fog.

aceea~i coloana

cantin sunete

RECAPITULARE 19
19.1. Propozitia conditionala tipul intiii. (1. Conditional)
Acest timp se refera la vii tor. Indeplinirea conditiei, respectiv realizarea activitatii
viitoare este probabila.
Semnificatia conjunctiei "if'[if] : "daca".
Propozitia conditionala (care sta dupa if) este la timpul prezent simplu (Simple Present), iar propozitia principala este la timpul viitor simplu (Simple Future).
If you buy the paper we will read
about that accident.

Daca cumperi ziarul yom citi despre acel

accident.

19.2. Numeralele ordinale:

Numeralele ordinale se formeaza prin adaugazea terminatia -th la numeralul
cardinal:
sixth
SIX
seventh
seven
Ortografia unor ciitorva numerale se schimba prin adaugarea terminatiei - th:
fi~

fi~

twelve

twelfth

In cazul in care numeralele se termina in -y, acesta se preschimba in -ie, dupa

adaugarea terminatiei -th:
twenty
-- twentieth
Daca numeralul se termina in ,,-intai, -doilea, -treilea" atunci in engleza se folosesc
cuvintele "first, second, third":
douazeci~iunu
- twenty-first
Daca numeralele ordinale sunt scrise cu cifre, atunci cifrelor Ii se adauga ultimele
doua litere ale formei scrise eu litere:
1st
first
twenty-fifth
25th
19.3. Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice
Diateza pasiva se foIose~te atunci ciind subiectul este obiectul care sufera aqiunea
iar autorul actiunii este exprimat printr-un complement. Propozitia cu structura pasiva se formeaza din: forma corespunzatoare a verbului "to be" ~i fonna a II1.-a a
verbului principal.
The hammer was found in the shed.
19.4. Scrierea
5t

~i

- Ciocanul a fost gasit in

~ura.

citirea datelor

on 21 October
[on DZa tllentl fa.'st ov oktoubal ]

- Pe data de 21 octombrie

In pronuntia datelor apar cuvinte aditionale - care nu se scriu. Acestea sunt "the"
inaintea datei ~i "of' inaintea denumirii lunii.

- 20-

TEMA. PENTRU ACASA. 19

A.

B.

c.

Traduceti in limba romana urmatoarele propozitii:

I.

A lot of people were killed when the house was burnt down.

2.

These glasses were broken yesterday.

3.

When the sunny spells set in, the ice melted in a short time.

4.

Will three pairs of shoes be enough?

5.

Today is the thirtieth day of the month.

6.

If you don't mop the floor you won't go to the cinema today.

Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

1.

Ma trezesc des, cand afara este galagie.

2.

Ochelarii tai sunt mai modemi decat ai mei?

3.

Ace~ti

4.

In acest co~mar am cazut de pe

5.

In aceasta iama vremea a fost schimbatoare.

6.

Daca negociem yom primi marire de salariu.

Gasiti

copaci au fast doborati de uragan. (diateza pasiva)

gre~elile

cHidire inalta.

din unnatoarele propozitii:

I.

I will buy this car if it will be cheap.

2.

It will be on 23 January.

3.

This house wasn't build last year.

4.

Last winter was sevire.

5.

If she is late for work tomorrow, they fire her.

6.

Has that dog been bought last year?

- 21 -

----

......

PARTEA INTAI

LECTIA
20
,

sa incepem lectia cu un grup de cuvinte legate de circulatie. Studiati-le

cu atentie:
zebra-crossing

> [zebra krosin(!l'1

traffic lights

> [trEfik lails]

pedestrian

> [pidestrianl

right of way

>

time-table

> Itaim leibl]

- orar, program

cab

> [kEb]

- taxi

destination

> [destinei~n ]

destinatie

underground

> [andargraund]

metrou

witness

>

ambulance

> [Embiulans]

onlookers

> [onlul<fl'z]

Exersati cuvintele

~i

zebra, trecere de pietoni

- stop, semafor

pieton

l rait ov 1I cij

li
[

prioritate de trecere

itnes]

..

martor
ambulanta
- privitori, spectatori

intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie:

destination

> [destinei~n]

pedestrian

> [pidestrian 1

witness

>

zebra-crossing

> [zebra krosin(gl]

underground

> landa'graund]

- metrou

time-table

> Itaim lcibl]

- orar, program

traffic lights

> [tr Efi k I aits ]

- stop, semafor

onlookers

> [onlukarz]

- privitori, spectatori

ambulance

> [Embiulans]

- ambulanta

cab

> [kEb]

- taxi

right of way

> [rail ov lI e i 1

li
[

itnes]

- 22-

destinatie
- pieton
-

martor
zebra, trecere de pietoni

prioritate de trecere

In urmatorul exercitiu veti revedea cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare:
There were many witnesses
of that accident.

> i0

uaJ meni Uitnislz

Diet Eksid:intj

0\

One boy was taken to

Cal

> IUan boi uo ! tClkn lu

hospital in an ambulance.

hospitl in an Embiulansj

The onlookers wanted to see> lD/1 onlukal'z uontid tu

everything.

si: evriTSin(g)]

t I,rOSin
. (l')
. can be> [.1:\'11 a. ze)ra
Even a ze bra-crossmg
c

dangerous.

!den bI: deindjilras]

1

Are there any traffic lights in >[a: 0\:-5r eni trEfik laits
in D/js stri:t]

this street?
Where are these pedestrians
going?

>rUeal' a: 1 D/i:z pidestrianz

The car on the right has the

right of way,

>fn/a ka: on D

Where can I find the

> IUea l kEn al famd ])/ il

time-table?

Au fost multi martori Ie

acel accident.
Un baiat a fost transportat
la spital cu ambulanta.
Privitorii au vrut sa vada
totul.
Pana ~i trecerea de pietoni
poate fi periculoasa.
Sunt semafoare in aceasta
strada?
Unde merg

ace~ti

pietoni?

goinlg)1
1

rait 11[7

{[

O/a rait ov ueij

Ma~ina

din dreapta are

prioritate.

Unde pot gasi orarul?

lallll telblj

I took a cab to get to the

office.

> [al tuk il kEb tu get tll

The destination of this ship

is New York.

> r0 ii destinei~an

[/1

ofis1

~[P

IZ

Cal

O/is

niu: io:1k]

If we go by underground we > I I, f' [I,1: gOll b al.

_ I'
U
will get there faster.
anda graund I:

0\'

fa:sti/]

i J get

Am luat un taxi ca sa
merg la birou.
Destinatia acestui vapor
este New York.
Daca mergem cu metroul,
yom ajunge mai repede
acolo,

"Even a zebra-crossing can be dangerous".

- 23 -

Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele corespunzatoare! Exerati

~i

pronuntia:

Acest orar este vechi.

This> time-table is old.

Azi sunt multi pietoni pe strazi.

There are many> pedestrians in the

streets today.

Au fost prea multi privitori.

There were too many> onlookers.

Cite taxiuri sunt in acest

ora~?

How many> cabs are there in this town?

Trebuie sa facem mai l1111lte treceri de pietoni.

We must make more> zebra-crossings.

Semafoarele nu funetioneaza de doua zile.

The> traffic lights have been out of order for two days.

Daca nu vine ambulanta, te yom lua cu

If the> ambulance doesn't come we will

take you by car.

ma~ina.

Merg des

Cll

I often go by > underground.

metroul.

Toti martorii au inteles intrebarile?

All > witnesses understood the questions?

Care este destinatia ta?

What is your> destination?

Avem prioritate?

Do we have the> right of way?

Cu urmatorul exercitiu yom controla in ce masura v-ati insu~it cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba
engleza:
taxi

> cab

privitori

> onlookers

program

> time-table

metrou

> underground

prioritate de trecere

> fight of way

destinatie

> destinatIon

zebra

> zebra-crossl11g

ambulanta

> ambulance

pieton

> pedestrian

martor

> witness

semafor

> traffic-lights

Sa ne intoarcem acum la diateza pasiva.

Forma continua la prezent ,~i trecut (Present Continuous, Past Continuous) a verbelor la diateza pasiva se alcatuie$te cu forma continua a verhului to be, ca verb auxiliar, $i forma
being [bi:in lg1 ] aflata inaintea formei a III-a verbului principal.

- 24-

lata cateva exemple:

> [a buk
red]

bi:lI1(g)

- 0 carte este
citita.

She is readll1g
a book.

- A book

They were cleaning the

house at ten yesterday.

- The house was being

> [Q/ a haus "az bi: in lg ) - leri la zece se lacea
cleaned at ten yesterday. kli:nd Et ten iesta'dei]
curatenie in casa.

lS

bell1g

read.

IZ

In urmatorul exercitiu transformati propozitiile cu verbulla diateza activa in propozitii cu verbulla

diateza pasiva:
She is cleaning her room now.

> I lel room

They were changing the management

yesterday at two.

> The management was being changed

~ e,telday at two.

They are negotiating raises at the moment.

> Raises are bcing negotiated at the moment.

Sa mai Invatam cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare

~i

IS

bcing cleaned now.

retineti sensullor In limba romana:

injured

>[indja'd]

- ranit, lovit, avariat

unconscious

> [ankol1~as]

mainly

> [I1lClI1lI]

- mai ales, mai cu seama

yam

>[in\clI1]

- zadarnic, inutil, In zadar

senous

> l si:nas]

- serios, important

necessary

>

III

[nc,IS;l1

i]

incon~tient,

involuntar

- necesar. inevitabil

lata cuvintele noi in propozqii:

They were injured in
the accident.

> [IYel ",1.' indp'd

Your brother is still

unconscious.

>

It was a very serious book.

> [It "af. a \ ert si nas prublam] - Era 0 carte foarte serioasa.

We tried to help but it was

111 Yam.

> ["1 1Ia[(! tu help bat It "al'

Ill\ClI1j

- Am Incercat sa ajutam dar a fost

in zadar.

John's sister works mainly

at night.

> [d\Ol1l ,isla' "a 'b memli

Lt Il.lIl J

- Sora lui John lucreaza mai ales

noaptea.

I think this information

is necessary.

> [al')

- Cred ca aceasta informatie

este necesara.

[)Ii

111

Eksldalltj

braD/ar iz std
ankol1:;;asj

[10"

'1l1 1'!k

I)'",

Il1f~I'l11el,;;l1]

11 I1l'Si ,;111 ]

25

- Ei au fost raniti In
accident.
- Fratele tau este Inca
incon~tient.

Unneaza un exercitiu nou. Completati propozitiile folosind cuvintele corespunzatoare:

EI a incercat sa inteleaga asta, dar in zadar.

He tried to understand it but>

Ei vand mai ales legume.

They sell> mainly vegetables.

Aici este necesara

A zebra-crossing is > necessary here.

trecere de pietoni.

El a fost incon~tient mai mult de

saptamana.
Tatal meu a pus
Au fost raniti

ain.

He was> unconS":IOW, for longer than a

week.

My father asked a > seriolls question.

intrebare serioasa.

~apte

In \

Seven pedestrians were> injured.

pietoni.

Desigur ati memorat deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

serios, important

> sertous

mai ales

> mamly

ranit

> injured

zadamic

>

necesar

> necessary

incon~tient

> unconscIous

inutil

>

111 \

necesar, inevitabil

>

Ilcccs~ary

111

vam

a 111

Dintre toate numeralele engleze~ti nu v-am prezentat inca zeroul. in limba engleza zeroul are
mai multe echivalente:
1.

0 - pronuntat ca

~i

[OLl] se utilizeaza atunci cand in!jiram mai multe

r

Her telephone number> [ha: telifaun namba

is nine, two, four, 0,
nain tu: fa:' ou se\nj
seven.

2.

> [D"i1 rizalt ov D/a mEt$

iz

~apte.

ro

1111J

Rezultatul meciului este

patru-zero.

Zero l zirouj, se jolose$te la descrierea unitali/or de masura:

It is six degrees below> [it
zero.

4.

Numarul ei de telefon este

noua, doi, patru, zero,

IZ

Nil [niIJ, se folose~te la prezentarea rezultatelor sportive:

The result of the
match is four nil.

3.

c~fre:

IZ

siks dlgri:z bJlou

- Sunt

~ase

grade sub zero.

ziroLl]

Nought (sau naught) [not], se folose~te de obicei in matematica

Two minus two is
nought.

> [tu: mainas t\l: iz na:t I

All her work was for

nought.

> [0.1 hft:'

lI

a:'k

lI a? 1'0:'

no:t]

- 26-

~i

literatura:

- Doi minus doi fac zero.

Toata munca ei nu a
valarat nimic.

In exercitiul anterior ati invatat mai multe cuvinte noi:

l

numar

number

> [nambfl

result

> Irizalt]

rezultat

minus

> [mainas]

mmus

below

> rbilou]

dedesubt, jos, mai jos, sub

degree

> [digri: I

grad, masura, treapta

Ati vazut deja cuvintele noi in exemple. In exercitiul urmator completati propozitiile cu
aceste cuvinte:
Ei locuiesc sub noi.

They live> below us.

Este acolo, jos.

It's there, > below.

EI are doctoratul.

He has a doctor's> degree.

Imi place asta doar intr-o oarecare masura.

I like it only to some> degree.

Care a fost rezultatul negocierilor?

What was the> result of the negotiations?

Care este numarul apartamentului tau?

What is the> number of your apartment?

Azi temperatura este de minus cinci grade.

The temperature is > minus five today.

L_~
"He has a doctor's degree".

Acum

iara~i

to prevent

yom invata verbe noi:

> [t u pri vent J

a preintampina, a preveni
r

ma~ina

to run over

>

to hit

> [tll hit]

a lovi, a nimeri

to direct

> [tu d'lIrl'k t]

a dirij a, a conduce

to cause

> [t 1I kIn]

a cauza, a provoca

to travel

>

a calatori

[IU

t 1I

ran

OU\

aJ

trE\ II,

-27-

a calca, a lovi cu

Doua dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata formele lor:

fonna a III-a

forma a II-a

formal
run

> (I an]

ran

> [lEn]

run

> (ran]

hit

> [hit]

hit

> [h It]

hit

> (hIt]

Verbele noi apar in urmatorul dialog. Cititi textul cu atentie:

A:

When we were travelling to Madrid we saw a terrible accident.

s:

Was anybody killed?

A:

Yes, but wait a moment. A big car hit a building.

S:

Were there any pedestrians in the street?

A:

Yes, the car ran over three people. Two of them were killed and one woman was injured.

S:

Were there any policemen there?

A:

There was one policeman. He directed the traffic but could not prevent the accident.

S:

Do you know what caused the accident?

A:

I think the car was out of order.

in dialogul nostril apare clI\'iintlll could [kud]. Acesta este forma de trecut a verbllilli modal can.

Sa analtzam separat fiecare propozitle. Cltiti cu voce tare:

"a' trEv]m(gl

When we were travellmg

to Madrid we saw a terrible
accident.

> ["en

Was anybody killed?

> [tl az ctllboUI kJld]

"I

tu madI id til so a tCrIb!

I-"ksldant]

- Cand calatoream spre Madrid

am vazut un accident
groaznic.
-

~i-a

pierdut cineva viata?

Yes, but wait a moment.

- Da, dar

A big car hit a building.

- 0

a~teapta 0

ma~ina

clipa.

mare a lovit

cladire.

Were there any pedestrians

in the street?

> [tl a ' [Yea' cnl pldcstJlanZ

Yes, the car ran over

three people.

>

Two of them were killed

and one woman was
seriously injured.

> [tu

- Doi dmtre ei ~i-au pierdut

vJata ~i 0 femeie a fost
gray ran ita.

Were there any policemen

there?

> [tid' lYe,l' cnl p:lli sman

IYCd'J

- A fost acolo vreun

politist?

m IYa SI111]

IYa Ll ' rEn

1"11 pi pI]

[ICS

OU\

a'

,1\ lYem ",I ' klld

Fnd ",In 'um,ln "dZ
si 11,IS11 indJd.'d]

- Au fost pietoni
pe strada?
- Da, ma~ina a caleat
trei oameni.

- A fost un politist.

There was one policeman.

28

He directed the traffic but

could not prevent the

bat kuJ not privent O/j

accident.

Eksidant 1

Do you know what caused

> [du

the accident?

I think the car was out of

EI a dirijat circula!ia, dar

nu a putut preintampina
accidentul.

> [h1: dairektid O/a trEfik

IU: nOll

liot ku:zd D/i

Eksidant]

- Stii ce a cauzat
accidentul?

> [ai TSin(g)k D/a ka: r uoz

order.

aut ov o.IUr1t

Cred ca ma~ina a fast

defecHi.

Raspundeti in limba engleza la unnatoarele intrebari:

When did you see that terrible accident?

> \Ve saw that terrible d..::cident when we

\\ere travelling to \1adnd

What did the big car hit?

> The bIg ear hit a bui lding..

How many people did the car run over?

> The car ran over three people.

Who was killed?

> Two of the three people were killed.

What happened to the woman?

> T he woman \Vas II1Jured.

Were there any policemen there?

> Yes, there was one policeman.

What did he do?

> He directed the traffic.

What caused the accident?

> The car was out of order.

Acum ne vom ocupa de pronumele interogativ who

~i

urilizarea lui:

Acesr pronume are mai mulre intelesuri: cine, pe cine, cui, cine, care, pe care. Daca intelesul
lui who este cine, inrrebarea se refera doar la persoana ~i who poare jifolosit ca subsrantiv. in
acest caz ordinea propozi(iei este directa, strucrura sa este ajirmariva, iar verbul este la persoana a III-a singular.
iube~te?

Who likes you?

Cine te

Who went home?

Cine s-a dus acasa?

in eazul in care pronumele interogativ who anare cu celalalte in(elesuri, interogativul se formeaza cu ajulorul verbelor auxiliare, forma corespunzatoare a verbului to be sau a verbelor
modale:
Who were these people?

Cine au fost

Who did you meet?

Cu cine te-ai intalnit?

ace~ti

oameni?

Traduce!i urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Cine

~i-a

pierdut via!a in acest accident?

> Who \\:lS kJikd ill

lhi~

accident')

Pe cine vezi pe strada in fiecare zi?

> Who do you

Cine este acest barbat in haina maro?

> \V ho is thIS man i'l a hnm 11 coat'?

Cine scrie aceste scrisori minunate?

> Who \', nte~ th~'~c hcal,tiful letters'?

Pe cine cau!i acum?

> \Vhl) ,Ire you look 1I1g for

- 29-

Sc:C III

the stleet every day'?

<10\\ 0

Ne vom intoarce acum fa diate~a pasiwI Pentru a indica persoana care executa activitatea in
propozitia fa diateza pasiva, se .rofose,~te prepozitia by.
De exemplu:
Peter made this chair,

The trade-union is
negotiating raises,

In exercitiul

t~ear

This chair was

made by Peter.

> [D/is

Raises are being

negotiated by the
trade-union.

> [reiziz a: 1 bi:in lg )

1I

Acest scaun a fost

!acut de Peter.

0z

meid bai pi:ti/]

nigou~le/tid
D/[I

Maririle de salarii
sunt negociate de
catre sindicat.

bal

treld 1U:Jl1an]

urmator, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Radioul tocmai a fost pomit de catre John.

> The radio has been turned on by John.

Aceste ma~ini sunt !acute de

Chicago.

> These cars are made by a factory m

Chicago.

fabrica din

El a fost ucis de doi oameni.

Am fost trezit de copii

> Hc \\as kIlled by two men.

galagio~i.

> f was woken up by nOIsy children

(;i~ uitati-~a, da~-~erb~-~~~~~~~~~~i~~oua~ar~,~e e~-~~;lu ~a~

for, look for, prepozitia trebuie sa apara ~i in diateza pasiva:

:
I

- It was looked for yesterday.

I looked for it yesterday.

~--- - - - - - -

---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

-_/

Si iata ultimul exercitiu al acestei parti, in care 'lorn recapitula materialul invatat pana acum.
Traduce!i propozitiile in limba engleza:
Ace;;ti martori au vazut cel mai bine accidentul.

> These witnesses saw the accident best.

Au fost cinci grade sub zero.

> It \'. as five degrces below zero.

Cine a fost calcat de un taxi?

> Who was run ovcr by a cab?

Numarul meu de telefon este unu, noua,

zero, cinci, doi, zero.

> My number is one, nme. 0, five, two, 0.

Ei au avut prioritate de trecere?

> Old they hay e the right of way'?

Ace~ti

> These people tried to help but in \ am.

oameni au incercat sa ajute dar

zadamic.

El

calatore~te

mai ales cu metroul.

> He travels main Iy by underground.

Cine a scris acest orar?

> Who wrote this time-table?

El s-a ranit grav?

> Is he seriously mjured'!

Patruzeci minus patruzeci fac zero.

> Forty

Circulatia este dirijata acum de un politist.

> The traffic is bell1g directed by a police-

Jl1l11US

furty

man no\'..
Pe cine

iube~ti?

> Who do you lIke?

- 30-

IS

uro/nought.

LECTIA
20 - PARTEA A DOVA
,
Cititi cu atentie unnatorul dialog! Repetati exercitiul pana cand va convingeti de faptul ca v-ati
Insu~it pe deplin pronuntia ~i intonatia.
Cuvintele
Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Peter:

Barbara:
John:
Barbara:
John:
Barbara:
John:

~i

silabele accentuate sunt tiparite

jngro~at.

Peter, have you ever been in an accident?

No, I haven't, but my brother was yesterday afternoon.
How did it happen?
My brother was on a zebra-crossing at the traffic-lights and a cab was
coming from the right.
And ... what happened?
The cab didn't stop in time and my brother was hit by it.
Was your brother injured?
Yes, he was, but fortunately not seriously.
I am glad he wasn't seriously injured. Were there any witnesses who saw
the accident?
There were many onlookers, and the witnesses say my brother did not
cause the accident.
Have you heard the news that yesterday a pedestrian was hit by a car at the
traffic-lights?
No, I haven't, but some pedestrians think they always have the right of
way.
But everybody knows that it is not true.
Yes, everybody knows it only the pedestrians don't. We must all try to
prevent accidents.
You are right. Policemen cannot do everything.
I think it is better when there are also traffic-lights.

Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Peter:

Peter. do you travel mainly by underground to your office?

Yes, J do. You travel by underground fast and easily.
Yes, but it has become very expensive. Do you have a time-table?
There are so many underground trains that you don't need a time-table.
And a modem underground is not noisy or dirty.

Barbara:
John:
Barbara:
John:
Barbara:
John:

I feel so tired after a hard day of work.

People are tired when they get home from factories and offices.
And they do nothing only go to bed early because they are sleepy.
When it is too noisy outside they wake up.
I usually wake up even when it's only a little noisy.
But when you have a nightmare you are glad when you hear the alarm
clock.

- 31 -

In ultimul exercitiu al leetiei, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Aceasta este deja a patra furtuna in unsprezece zile.
Cinci oameni
dezastru.

~i-au

> This

IS

already the fourth gale in eleven

days
> Fl\ e people were kIlkd in that disaster.

pierdut viata in acel

Multe vapoare au suferit naufragiu.

> Many ships vvere wrecked.

Focul a fost stins de un vant putemic.

> The fire was blovv n out by a strong wind.

El are nevoie de
lari.

> 1Ie needs a new paIr of glasses.

pereche noua de oche-

Aceste foarfece sunt periculoase pentru

copii.

> These sci:-.sors arc dangerous for children.

In aceasta vreme schimbatoare nu-mi uit

umbrela.

> In this changeable \\ e;11her ] don't forget

Casa noastra a ars pana in teme!ii

saptamana trecuta.

> Our housc burnt dO\\ n last v\ eek.

Aceste averse sunt de ploaie bune pentru

gradina noastra.

> These sho\Vers arc good for au' garden.

Au cumparat

~ase

my umbrella.

> They bought

perechi de pantaloni.

"'X pairS or trousers.

In acea iama aspra a fost de multe ori ceata

deasa.

> In that sc\ele \\ II1kr there \Vas a lot or

Gheata s-a topit deja.

> The Ice has alnC:,lLty melted.

cknse fog.

Acest binoclu este vechi, am nevoie de unul > 1 hese bll10culars an:: oid; I n..:ed a new
nou.
pair.
Noi am vandut zece perechi de pantofi.
Aceasta este 0 cuvertura pentru un pat de
singura persoana.

> We sold ten pairs of shoes.

0

> This is a bedspread

1'01'

a sll1g1e bed.

Ace! dulap este facut din lemn?

> Is that wardrobe made of Vvood?

Ochelarii tai sunt pe perna tao

> Your spectacles are on your pilloVv.

El a sforait zgomotos.

> He was snoring nOIsily

Cat costa aceste ceasuri

de~teptatoare?

Dupa vremea insorita a fost

trasnete.

> How much are these alarm eloch)

> Aftcr thc sunny spells there was a

thunderstorm.

furtuna cu

Mi-am ars mana.

Multi oameni
ingust.
Ea era
spital.

i~i

> I hm e burnt my ham!.

pierd viata pe acest drum

incon~tienta

>

\1dWy

pedplc

.1IT

killed on thb narnm

n)ad

dnd a fost dusa la

> She \\

,J>, lIih:OJbCIl'Us \\hen she \\ as

t"ken to !lo"PI tal.

- 32-

Asta s-a 'intamplat 'in a noua zi.

> This happened on the ninth day,

Temperatura va cobori sub zero grade.

> The temperature wIll drop below zero.

Nimanui nu-i place aceasta caldura

> Nobody lIkes this opplessive heat.

inabu~itoare.

Acest drum este alunecos in mod periculos.

Daca ai nevoie de
raft.

ace~ti

bani, ii vei gasi pe

> This road is dangerously slippery.

> If you need this money you \\ ill fInd it

on the shelf.

Acest accident s-a intamplat in data de 27

iunie.

> This accident happened

Cumparatorul tocmai este servit de un

vanzator.

> The cLlstomer is just being served by a

Cine a solicitat aceasta slujba?

> Who applied for this Job?

De cine ai nevoie?

> Who do you need')

Ei au prevenit accidentul?

> Have they prevented the accident?

011

27th .Junc.

shop-assistant.

Iar acum iata exercitiul de pronuntie. Repetati cuvintele ~i fiti atenti la pronuntia corecta a
sunetelor engleze~ti. Literele aflate in aceea~i coloana, scrise ingr~at desemneaza sunete identice:
rei J

[0: J

[i' ]

l iJ

vain

cause

degree

serious

train

nought

least

spring

mainly

brought

leave

build

rain

thought

deep

- 33-

RECAPITULARE 20
20.1. Dad verbul la diateza pasiva este la un timp continuu (Present Continuous, Past
Continuous) atunci stmctura predicatului este forma continua a verbului "to be", ca
verb auxiliar ~i forma a III-a a verbului principal, iar cuvantul "being" l bi: 111 J trece
inaintea fonnei a III-a a verbului.
> [a buk iz bi:in(g)
She is reading
Se cite~te 0 carte
A book is being
red]
a book.
tocmai acum.
read.
(Traducerea cuvant cu cuvant: ,,0 carte este citita tocmai acum".)
20.1.2. Dad vrem sa indicam persoana care executa activitatea in propozitia la diateza
pasiva, folosim prepozitia "by":
The traffic was directed by a
policeman.

- Circulatia a fost dirijata de un politist.

Dad un verb este compus din doua parti, de exemplu: "wait for, look for", atunci
prepozitia trebuie sa apara ~i la diateza pasiva:
We waited for the bus.

- The bus was waited for.

20.2. Pronumele interogativ "who"

20.2.1. In cazul in care semnificatia pronumelui interogativ este "cine" ordinea propozitiei interogative este directa, stmctura sa este afirmativa iar verbul este la
persoana a III-a singular:
Who likes you?

- Cine te

iube~te?

20.2.2. In cazul in care pronumele interogativ "who" are oricare din re~,tul semnificatiilor, formam interogativul cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar, a verbului "to be", sau a
verbului modal:
Who did you see?

- Pe cine ai vazut?

- 34-

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 20

A.

B.

C.

Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

1.

Can these pedestrians be witnesses?

2.

Who told you about the negotiations?

3.

Who have you seen on TV?

4.

If you don't iron this shirt I will not put it on.

5.

The beds are being delivered at the moment.

6.

The underground will take you to your destination.

Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I.

Am calatorit repede cu avionul.

2.

Circulatia a fost dirijata de politist?

3.

Casa noastra se

4.

Cu cine ai vorbit?

5.

Vecinii taie aCUl11 copacii.

6.

Dacii l11ananci cina, vei pril11i inghetata.

Corectati

gre~elile

construie~te

la un colt periculos. (diateza pasiva)

din unnatoarele propozitii:

1.

She bought only necesary things.

2.

Who did hit him?

3.

Work has been done through Peter.

4.

How much is this scissors?

5.

This job was applied.

- 35-

Lista verbelor neregulate din lectiile 19

forma I

forma a II-a

~i

20
forma a III-a

bum

> [ba:1n]

burnt

> [ba:1nt]

burnt

> [ba:1nt I

can

> [kEn I

could

> [klld1

could

> [kud]

dream

> [dri:m]

dreamt

> l dremt]

dreamt

> Idremtl

freeze

> [fri:z]

froze

> [frouz]

frozen

> [1l-llLlzn]

get

> Iget]

got

> rgot]

got

> rgot]

hit

> [hit]

hit

> [hit]

hit

> [hit]

run

> [ran]

ran

> [rEn]

run

> [ran]

set

> [set]

set

> [sel]

set

> [set]

wake

> [velk]

woke

> [vouk]

woken

> [voukn]

I
:;:::;:;:;:;:;:;:::::::;:;:;:

- 36-

I
I

VOCABULARVL LECTIILOR 19

~i

20

alarm clock

r
> [ala: m klok]

ceas

ambulance

> [Embiulans]

ambulanta

bedspread

> [bedspred]

below

>[bilou]

dedesubt, jos, mai jos, sub

binoculars

> [binokiularz]

binoclu

blanket

> [bIEn(g)kit]

cuvertura, patura

to blow

> [tu blou]

a sufla, a se arde

to be blown down

> [tu bi: blolln daun]

a dobor!, a rastuma

to be blown out

> [tll bi: bloun aut]

a stinge, a sufla

tu burn

> [tu ba:rn]

a arde, a praj i, a fi 'aprins

tu be burnt down

r
>[tu bi: ba: nt dalln]

a arde pana in temelii, a

arde de tot

cab

> [kEb]

taxi

to cause

> [Ill ko:z]

changeable

> [t~eindjabl]

schimbator

dangerous

> [deindjaras]

periculos

degree

> [digri:]

grad, masura, treapta

dense

> [dens]

destination

> [destinei~n]

destinatie

dew

> [diu:]

roua

to direct

> [tu dairekt]

dirty

> [da:rti]

murdar

double

>[dabl]

dublu

double bed

> [dabl bed]

pat dublu

dream

> [dri:m]

VIS

to dream

> [tu dri:m]

a visa, a inchipui

dressing-gown

> [dresin(g) gaun]

halat, capot

to drizzle

> [tu drizl]

a bumita, a ploua marunt

to drop

> [tu drop]

a picura, a cadea, a scapa

to drown

> [tu draun]

a ineca, a se ineca, a
scufunda

to be drowned

> [tu bi: drallnd]

a fi inecat

de~teptator

- cuvertura de pat

- a cauza

- dens, compact

- 37-

- a dirij a, a conduce

l tu fri:z]

a ingheta, a degera

to freeze

>

gale

> [geil]

vant puternie, furtuna

to get

> [tu get]

a obpne, a ajunge, a
deveni

glasses

> [gla:siz]

oehelari

hail

> [heil ]

grindma

to hit

> [tu hit]

a lovi, a nimeri

hurricane

> [hallkan]

uragan, furtuna

Ice

> [als]

gheata

if

> [I f]

daea, presupunand ea

injured

> [indjard]

lovit, ranit, avariat

m vam

> [in vein]

zadamie, inutil, in zadar

to kill

> [tu kill

a omori, a ueide

to be killed

> [tu bi: kild]

a-;;i pierde viata, a eadea

(in razboi)

mainly

> [mclI1lt]

mai ales

to melt

> [tu melt]

a tOpl, a se topi

mmus

> [mainas]

minus

modem

> [moda1n]

modem, nou, contemporan

naught, (nought)

> [no:t]

zero, nul, nimie

necessary

> [ncsisari]

necesar, inevitabil

to need

> [tu ni:d]

a avea nevoie de, a trebui

nightmare

> [naltmea ]

co;;mar

nil

> [nil]

zero, nimie

noisy

> [noIZl ]

zgomotos, galagios

nought, (naught)

> [no.t I

nimic, zero, nula

number

> [namba

oh, 0

> [au]

zero

onlookers

> [onluka'z]

privitori, speetatori

oppressive

> [opresiv]

apasator, inabu;;itor

pair

> [pea' ]

pereche

pedestrian

> [pidestrian]

pieton

pillow

> [pilau]

perna

numar, numeral

- 38-

to prevent

> [tu priventJ

a preintampina, a preveni

quiet

> [kualiH!

lini~tit,

result

> [nzalt]

rezultat, consecinta

right of way

> [rait ov

road

> [roud I

drum,

rug

> [rag]

covora~,

to run over

> [tu ran oliva]

a calca (de

scissors

> [sizal'z]

foarfeca

serious

> [si:rias]

serios, important

to set in

> [tu set in]

a incepe, a veni (un

anotimp)

severe

> [sivial']

sever, aspru

shade

>

to shave

> [tu ~el\]

a barbieri, a se barbieri

sheet

> [~i:tJ

cear~af,

sheets

> ["i:ls]

cear~afuri,

shower

> [:;>aua']

aversa, ploaie torentiaHi

single

> [singl]

singur, unic, necasatorit

single bed

> [singl bed]

pat de

sleepy

> [sli:pi]

somnoros, adormit

slippery

> [slipariJ

alunecos

to snore

> [tu 5no: ]

a sforai

spectacles

> IspekUiklz]

ochelari

sunny spells

> [sani spelz]

vreme insorita

thaw

> [Tso:]

dezghet, topire

thunderstorm

> [T' anda \"SlO: I'm]

furtuna cu traznete

time-table

> [laim teibl]

orar, program

traffic-lights

> [trEfik laits]

stop, semafor

to travel

> [tu trEvl]

a diHitori

trousers

> [trauza' zl

pantalon

umbrella

> [ambrela]

umbrela

unconsciOUS

>

underground

> [anda graundJ

calm, potolit

prioritate (de trecere)

ei]

l'

[~eid]

~osea

carpeta
0 ma~ina)

umbra, nuanta

l'

foaie (de hirtie)

foi (de hirtie)

singura persoana

[ankon~as]

l'

- 39-

incon~tient,

metrou

involuntar

to undress

> [tu andres]

unpleasant

>

to wake up

> [tLl ueik ap]

wardrobe

>

[lI o 'droub]

garderobii, dulap de haine

witness

>

[li.\tnes ]

martor, martor ocular

to wreck

> [tu rekJ

to be wrecked

> [tLl bi: rekt]

zebra-crossing

> [zebra krosin(gi]

zebra trecere de pietoni

zero

> [zirou]

zero, nul

[anpleznt]

a se dezbraca
nepIacut
a se trezi

a srariima, a sparge, a
distruge

- 40-

- a suferi un naufragiu, a se
deteriaza

..

.
~