Metode analitice pentru calculul preliminar al radierelor

La ce se foloseste calculul grinzii pe mediu elastic

Radier baraj deversor

Radier ecluze de navigatie

Radier centrale hidroelectrice

Radier rezervor apa

Radier desnisipator *

Coca vapoarelor, etc
Calcul radier pe mediu deformabil
Radierul
&
Terenul de fundare
Stare de deformatie plana
t=ct
q=ct
Toate sectiunile* au aceleasi deformatii calcul pe fasie de 1 m
Stare de
deformatie plana
Lradier = (teoretic)
Lradier > 3 x B (practic)
( capete)
det. reactiunilor
terenului
N
N
M
M
Modele de calcul
Modele de calcul Ecuatii matematice
Ecuatiile
matematice
(Interactiune
constructie teren)
modul de comportare al terenului
fibra medie deformata a radierului


4

4
= +()
p = k
p =
0
+
1
+
2

2
+
3

3
+ +

Winkler
Gurbonov-Posadov
p =
0
+
2
1

2
+
4
2

2
(

2
)
2
+
8
3

3
(

2
)
3

Simvulidi
Winkler Model
=


4

4
=
Reactiunea fundatiei este proportionala cu deplasarea grinzii in acel punct

Ipoteza introdusa de E. Winkler in 1867

Se recomanda aplicarea acestui model pentru calculul fundatiilor in fazele de predimensionare
include rigiditatea grinzii si
elasticitatea fundatiei
=

4
4

Caracteristica sistemului

kN
m
2
coeficientul de pat
Rigiditatea grinzii
Caracterizeaza rigiditatea relativa a grinzii in raport cu mediul elastic
< 0.5 (

)
> 5 ()
0.5

< < 5 ()
Short beam
Medium beam
Long beam
The beam deformation can be
neglected beams absolutely rigid
computed using statics
Loads applied at one end have a
finite and not negligible effect on
the other end no approximations
are possible
The effect of a Load applied at one
end can be neglected at the other
end computations are greatly
simplified

A(l)=B(l)=C(l)=D(l)=0
Mathematical expressions for y M T
=
0

1
() +
1

2
()
1

3
()
1

4
()
1

3
((

)) +
1

4
((

)) +
1

4
(( ))

=
0

1

1

2
()
1

3
() 4
0

4
()
1

2
((

)) +
1

3
((

)) +
1

3
(( ))
=
0

1
+
1

2
+

3
() +

4
() +
1
((

))
1

2
((

)) -
1

2
(( ))
=
0

1
+

2
+

3
() 4
0

4
() 4
4
((

))
1
((

)) -

1
(( ))
=

2

=

1
= cosh () cos ()

2
() =
1
2
cosh sin +sinh () cos ()

3
=
1
2
sinh () sin ()

4
() =
1
2
cosh sin sinh () cos ()

Winkler model advantages and disadvantages
Dezavantaje:

k nu are sens fizic. Este determinat din testele realizate pe teren (cu placa).
exista o serie de formule pentru k (functie de E,) dar dau valori diferite
nu se poate determina k din aceste formule.
k depinde de: proprietatile fizice ale fundatiei
forma si dimensiunile placii cu care se realizeaza testele
forta concentrata aplicata in timpul testelor
modelul nu considera efectul incarcarilor si deplasarilor laterale
o incarcare uniform distribuita nu produce moment incovoietor, in realitate este
fals

Avantaje:

pentru fundatii granulare metoda ofera rezultate bune
Foarte folosit deoarece este un model usor de inteles
Winkler Example
k=50000 K=kPa
Lg=15m
hg=2m
a = 1.5 m
c = 3 m
concrete beam
P=500 kN
M = 150 kNm
q = 10 kN/m
s = - 20 kN/m
Ansys beam54 elements
Gurbonov Posadov Method
it is based on Boussinesq/ Flamand models (elastic half-space/ half-plane model)
the soil is replaced by a solid body with the following characteristics:
extends laterally and down
elastic
linear deformable
homogeneous and isotropic
Disadvantages:

overestimate the settlements
settlements at the ends tend to infinite
overestimates the moments
the model doesnt consider the lateral loadings

Boussinesq spatial problem
Flamand - plane problem
Gurbonov Posadov Method


4

4
= + ()
=
0
+
1
+
2

2
+
3

3
+ +

Exponential series
polynomial equation (n degree)

0
,
1
,
2
,

- unknowns
n = 10 (practical reasons)
In order to calculate y, M, T G.P. realized tables for unitary loadings
The tables are realized for half of the slab foundation (because the loadings
are symmetrical).
This half is divided in 10 parts where the efforts, moments and shear force
are calculated.
N N
T T
M M
Pa
S
gr
p
N*
N*
M* M*
Equivalent loadings on the floor
Gurbonov Posadov Tables
flexibility index
t < 1 short beam (absolutely rigid)
1<t<10 medium beam
t > 10 infinite beam
loading position index
Gurbonov Posadov Tables
Gurbonov Posadov Example