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ĂƉŝƚŽůƵů/͘EŽԑŝƵŶĞƔŝŽďŝĞĐƚ͘>ĞŐĉƚƵƌĂĚŝŶƚƌĞŶŽƌŵĞůĞƉĞŶĂůĞŐĞŶĞƌĂůĞƔŝĐĞůĞƐƉĞĐŝĂůĞ ϵ

TITLU INTRODUCTIV


CAPITOLUL I
NOąIUNE ûI OBIECT. LEGćTURA DINTRE NORMELE PENALE
GENERALE ûI CELE SPECIALE


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URPkQvQGRFWULQDURPkQăGHODvQFHSXWXOVHFROXOXLWUHFXWVDVXVĠLQXWFă„După această
metodă, se studiază mai întâiu într’o parte generală principiile juridice aplicabile în
materie penală, úi apoi se examinează în a doua parte, care se numeúte partea specială,
regulele particulare ale fiecărei infracĠiuni în parte”1.
$FHDVWă PRGDOLWDWH GH OHJLIHUDUH úL LPSOLFLW H[DPLQDUH H[LVWHQWă úL vQ DOWH OHJLVODĠLL
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$VWIHO SURIHVRUXO 9LQWLOă 'RQJRUR] VXVĠLQH Fă „Dreptul penal, în ansamblul său, se
sub-divide în 3 părĠi úi anume:
Partea introductivă sau proeminală sau preliminară, care cuprinde toate normele,
privind însăúi aplicaĠiunea dreptului penal; această parte este un fel de lege a legii penale.
Partea generală, care cuprinde norme penale de generală aplicaĠiune, în raport cu
toate situaĠiunile, în cari trebuieúte să intervină legea penală.
Partea specială, care cuprinde norme, privind fiecare fapt penal în parte (în
particular)”2.
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SăUĠLUHVSHFWLYSDUWHDJHQHUDOă DUW úLSDUWHDVSHFLDOă DUW 
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SDUWHD JHQHUDOă VH RFXSă FX VWXGLXO QRUPHORU SHQDOH JHQHUDOH „adică acele norme care
reglementează lupta împotriva criminalităĠii prin intermediul mijloacelor de represiune
penală”3.

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GH1&6FKLQD IRVWSUH‫܈‬HGLQWH&XUWHDGH$SHO%XFXUH‫܈‬WL YRO,SSFW

9LQWLOă'RQJRUR]Drept penal, %XFXUH‫܈‬WLS

,OLH3DVFX0LUHOD*RUXQHVFX,$%DUEX05RWDUX&‫܉‬LJăQRDLDDrept penal, Partea specială, Caiet
de seminarii, (G+DPDQJLX%XFXUH‫܈‬WLS
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ILLQGacea parte a útiinĠei dreptului penal care se ocupă cu cercetarea normelor de drept
penal cuprinse în partea specială a Codului penal, precum úi în alte acte normative.
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Ibidem,S
2FWDYLDQ/RJKLQ7XGRUHO7RDGHUDrept penal roman, Partea specială, HGD,,,DUHYă]XWă‫܈‬LDGăXJLWă

&DVDGH(GLWXUă‫܈‬L3UHVăÄ‫܇‬1$6$´65/%XFXUH‫܈‬WLS

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%XFXUH‫܈‬WLS
7
Ibidem, p. 2.

2FWDYLDQ/RJKLQ7XGRUHO7RDGHUop. cit., S
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UăVSXQGHUHSHQDOăDFHOXLFHDFRPLVLQIUDFĠLXQHDUHVSHFWLYă



Ibidem, S

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%XODL5RGLFD6WăQRLX9LFWRU5R‫܈‬FDExplicaаii teoretice ale Codului penal roman, vol. III, Partea specială, (G
$FDGHPLHL%XFXUH‫܈‬WLS

ϭϮ dŝƚůƵŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƚŝǀ

CAPITOLUL II
SISTEMATIZAREA PćRąII SPECIALE


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CAPITOLUL IV
ÎNCADRAREA JURIDICć ÎN DREPTUL PENAL


SecĄiunea 1
NoĄiunea üi etapele încadrąrii juridice în dreptul penal român

1.1. NoĄiunea de încadrare juridicĆ
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incriminare”20.
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