UNITATEA V

CLASA a Va

IE
C
C I
N CT
FU TA
N

Z
CA

*PREPOZIIE

N
UM
R

ARTICOL

N
E
G

SI

SUBSTANTIVELE
au:

CAZUL este forma luat de substantiv pentru a exprima

o funcie sintactic ntr-un enun.

V
I
T
I
N
E
G

CAZUL
A

DATIV

NOMINATIV

VOCATIV
C

U
ZA
T
IV

ARTICOLUL i PREPOZIIA sunt pri de vorbire cu rol de

instrumente gramaticale pentru exprimarea cazurilor.

MODIFICAREA FORMEI UNUI SUBSTANTIV PENTRU A NDEPLIN

O FUNCIE SINTACTIC SE NUMETE

DECLINARE.

Oamenii comunic unii cu alii prin cuvinte.

ntre cuvinte se dezolt relaii sintactice.
Funciile sintactice sunt rezultatul acestor relaii

an
o
)
rs
N
e
(
(p

- pronume
- numeral

(prepoz.)

se dezvolt
ntre:

(gen, numr, caz)

NP
harnic.
harnice.

TRV: - verb,

adverb
- adjectiv,
- interjecie

Fata frumoas cnt superb.

atribut

scrie.
scriu.

vb.cop.
este
sunt

Eleva
Elevele

TRN- substantiv

Relaia de
subordonare

r
m
,nu

PV

(prepoz.)

Relaia de ineren
se dezvolt ntre
subiect i predicat,
in interiorul
unei propoziii.

Elevul
Elevii

persoan,numr
caz nominativ

complement

CAZUL NOMINATIV
Funcia
ntrebare
sintactic

Subiect

Nume
predicativ

Cine?
Ce?

Relaie
sintactic:

Mrci
gramaticale

pers., nr.

Relaia de
ineren :
ineren

ineren

pers.,nr.

caz

Fetia

PV Florile

Relaia de
ineren :
r
,n

citete.
se ofilesc.

caz N

Fata este elev.

Fetele sunt prietene.

vb. cop.

rs
z
pe
ca

Atribut
substantival
apoziional
(Apoziia)

Enunuri

NP
Care?

Care?

subordonare
TRN

Fata, eleva, scrie.

apoziie

GRUPA I

CAZUL NOMINATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivele date

pot ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului nominativ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

mam

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

carte

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

albin
TIMP DE LUCRU:
10 MINUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
PUNCTAJ:
30p.......................

GRUPA II

CAZUL NOMINATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivele date

pot ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului nominativ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

pui

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

vulpe

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

nger
TIMP DE LUCRU:
10 MINUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
PUNCTAJ:
30p.......................

GRUPA III

CAZUL NOMINATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivele date

pot ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului nominativ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

copil

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

ppdie

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

omid
TIMP DE LUCRU:
10 MINUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
PUNCTAJ:
30p.......................

GRUPA IV

CAZUL NOMINATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivele date

pot ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului nominativ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

fluture

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

cel

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S)

bunic
TIMP DE LUCRU:
10 MINUTE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Apoz.)
PUNCTAJ:
30p.......................

CAZUL ACUZATIV
Funcia
ntrebare
sintactic
Atribut
Ce fel
substantival
de?
prepoziional

Nume
predicativ

Relaie
sintactic:

Mrci
gramaticale

Enunuri

subordonare

Relaia de

(dintre)

ineren

subordonare:

TRN

Relaia de
ineren :

direct

(pe)
cine?
Ce?

subordonare

(ca)

vb.
cop.
r

,n
s.

r
z
pe ca
.

Complementul

Una dintre fete scrie.

TRV

NP

Fata

Cd Fetia

este ca mama.

citete o carte.

CAZUL ACUZATIV
Funcia
ntrebare
sintactic
Complementul
indirect

(la,cu,de la,
pentru,
despre )

cine?Ce?

Complement
Unde?
circumstanial
de loc

Relaie
sintactic:

Mrci
gramaticale

subordonare

Relaia de

Enunuri
(despre)

subordonare:

TRV

Ci

subTRV
ordonare

Ccl

subordoTRV
nare

Ccm

Ea vorbete despre

o carte.

Fata este (n) clas.

Complement
circumstanialCum?

de mod
Complementul
circumstanial

de

timp

Cnd?

subordonare

TRV

Fata scrie (ca) tata.

Cct
Fata scrie o

or.

GRUPA I

CAZUL ACUZATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului acuzativ.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Atr.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Cd.)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ci)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ccl)

femeie

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Ccm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Cct)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA II

CAZUL ACUZATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului acuzativ.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Atr.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Cd.)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ci)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ccl)

ursule

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Ccm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Cct)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA III

CAZUL ACUZATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului acuzativ.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Atr.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Cd.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Ci)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Ccl)

oricel

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Ccm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Cct)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA IV

CAZUL ACUZATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului acuzativ.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Atr.)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Cd.)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Ci)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Ccl)

cel

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Ccm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Cct)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

CAZUL GENITIV
Funcia
ntrebare
sintactic
(al,a
Atribut
substantival
genitival

Nume
predicativ

Atribut

ai,ale)
cui?

Relaie
sintactic:

Mrci
gramaticale

Enunuri

subordonare

Relaia de

(a cui?)

ineren

subordocare?
substantival (prepoz.) nare
prepoziional cui?

subordonare:

TRN

Colega

Relaia de
ineren :
vb.
r cop.
n
n, z
e
g ca
S.

(mpotriva)

Fata este a mamei.

NP

El este mpotriva mamei.

(contra)

Relaia de
subordonare:
TRN

fetei scrie.

Lupta contra gripei m

A epuizeaz.

CAZUL DATIV
Relaie
Funcia
ntrebare sintactic:
sintactic
(prepoz.)
Atribut

Mrci
gramaticale

Enunuri
(prepoz. cui?)

substantival
prepoziional

Relaia de
subordonare:

cui?

Nume
predicativ

Complement

indirect

subordonare

ineren

cui?

subordonare

TRN

Coleg asemenea fetei nu-i.

Relaia de
ineren :
vb.
r cop.
n
n, z
e
g ca
S.

Fata este asemenea

NP

mamei.
(contra)

Relaia de
subordonare:
TRV

(asemenea)

Ci

Lupt contra gripei.

CAZUL GENITIV / DATIV

GRUPA I

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului genitiv i dativ.
GENITIV
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)

pescar

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
DATIV
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ci)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(A)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA II

CAZUL GENITIV / DATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului genitiv i dativ.

GENITIV
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)

roi

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
DATIV
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ci)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(A)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA III

CAZUL GENITIV / DATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului genitiv i dativ.
GENITIV
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)

pisic

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
DATIV
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ci)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(A)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA IV

CAZUL GENITIV / DATIV

Alctuii enunuri prin care s demonstrai c substantivul dat

poate ndeplini funciile sintactice ale cazului genitiv i dativ.
GENITIV
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NP)

miel

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A.)
DATIV
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ci)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(A)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A)

TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p......................

CAZUL VOCATIV

Substantivul n cazul vocativ arat o chemare / o atenionare

Substantivul n cazul vocativ nu are funcie sintactic.
Substantivul n cazul vocativ poate sta :
-la nceputul propoziiei:
Carte frumoas, cinste cui te-a scris...
-n interiorul propoziiei:
Dar bine,
-la sfritul propoziiei:

ghiavole, aici i-i scldatul?...

Apoi dar, mai rmi sntoas,

mtu Mrioar !.

Substantivul n cazul vocativ se recunoate dup:

- intonaie:
-Ionel! strig madam Popescu... ;
- punctuaie ( virgul sau semnul exclamrii).
Substantivul n cazul vocativ poate fi:
-singur :
Ionel !
- nsoit de un determinant:
Carte frumoas,....

GRUPA I

CAZUL VOCATIV

Realizai un dialog cu personajul din imaginea dat i folosii

cel puin 6 substantive la vocativ, singure sau cu determinani.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:
PUNCTAJ:
10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA II

CAZUL VOCATIV

Realizai un dialog cu personajul din imaginea dat i folosii

cel puin 6 substantive la vocativ, singure sau cu determinani.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:
PUNCTAJ:
10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA III

CAZUL VOCATIV

Realizai un dialog cu personajul din imaginea dat i folosii

cel puin 6 substantive la vocativ, singure sau cu determinani.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:
PUNCTAJ:
10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA IV

CAZUL VOCATIV

Realizai un dialog cu personajul din imaginea dat i folosii

cel puin 6 substantive la vocativ, singure sau cu determinani.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:
PUNCTAJ:
10 MINUTE

20p......................

GRUPA I
Identificai 5 substantive din textul dat,
cu funcii sintactice diferite, i analizai-le.
mbrac-te n doliu, frumoas Bucovin,
Cu cipru verde-ncinge antic fruntea ta;
C-acuma din pleiada-i auroas i senin
Se stinse un luceafr, se stinse o lumin,
Se stinse-o dalb stea.
(M. Eminescu La mormntul lui Aron Pumnul)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p........................

GRUPA II
Identificai 5 substantive din textul dat,
cu funcii sintactice diferite, i analizai-le.
Am armat pmntul ista, vremea mea, viaa, poporul
Cu gndirile-mi rebele contra cerului deschis;
El n-a vrut ca s condamne pe demon, ci a trimis
Pre un nger s m-mpace, i-mpcarea-i...e amorul.
(M. Eminescu nger i demon)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p........................

GRUPA III
Identificai 5 substantive din textul dat,
cu funcii sintactice diferite, i analizai-le.
N-oi uita vreodat, dulce Bucovin,
Geniu-i romantic, munii n lumin,
Vile n flori,
Ruri resltnde printre stnce nalte,
Apele lucinde-n dalbe diamante
Peste cmpii-n zori.
(M. Eminescu La Bucovina)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p........................

GRUPA IV
Identificai 5 substantive din textul dat,
cu funcii sintactice diferite, i analizai-le.
Te-ai dus, te-ai dus din lume,o! geniu nalt i mare
Colo unde te-ateapt toi ngerii n cor,
Ce-ntoan tainic, dulce a sferelor cntare
i-i mpletesc ghirlande, cununi mirositoare
Cununi de albe flori!
(M. Eminescu La mormntul lui Aron Pumnul)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TIMP DE LUCRU:

PUNCTAJ:

10 MINUTE

20p........................

PROFESOR
FELICITRI !

COALA CU CLASELE I-VIII