CUPRINSUL TEZEI DE DOCTORAT

I. INTRODUCERE... 3 II. LIMBAJ TURISTIC .............. 8

2.1. Definiia turismului .... 8 2.2. Naterea limbajului turistic modern . 8 2.3. Limbaj specializat Limbajul turistic .. 9 2.4. Particularitile limbajului specializat .. 11 2.4.1. Nivelul lexico-semantic al limbajului turistic . . 12 2.4.2. Nivelul morfo-sintactic al limbajului turistic .. 14 2.4.3. Nivelul programatic-stilistic al limbajului turistic .. 14 2.4.4. Cuvinte englezeti n limbajul turistic maghiar 15

III. NEOLOGISME N LIMBAJUL TURISTIC......18

3.1. Modificri lingvistice, norme lingvistice . 20 3.2. Definiiile neologismului ... 20 3.3. Clasificarea neologismelor ....... 21 3.4. Cuvinte din surs intern, cuvinte de origine strin, cuvinte mprumutate.....23 3.4.1. Evaluarea cuvintelor mprumutate .. 24 3.4.2. Noiunea anglo-neologismelor ....... 25 3.5. Modul de formare a neologismelor n limba maghiar ..... 27 3.6. Limbaje specializate n domeniul hotelier .. 30 3.6.1. Limbajele specializate i lingvistica . 30 3.6.2. Economia, tem de cercetare lingvistic . 32 3.6.3. Limbajul economic n limba maghiar 33 3.6.4. Industria hotelier i nivele de utilizare a limbilor . 35 3.6.5. Analiz la nivelul corpusului de baz .. 38 3.6.5.1. Analiz la nivel morfo-sintactic ... 38 3.6.5.2. Raportul de cuvinte simple n funcie de nivelul de asimilare fonetic, ortografic i morfologic .. 40 3.6.5.3. Scrierea cuvintelor compuse i a structurilor verbale cu valoare de lexem ..41 1

3.6.5.4. Apariia cuvintelor formate din anglo-neologisme .... 42 3.6.5.5. Analiz cantitativ-calitativ ... 46

IV. METODE DE CERCETARE 64

4.1. Evaluarea, pe baz de chestionar, a utilizrii expresiilor de origine englez n limbajul turistic maghiar . 64 4.1.1. Prelucrarea chestionarelor 65 4.2. Analiza particularitilor morfologice privind cuvintele extrase din chestionarele prelucrate i publicaiile turistice .. 117

V. ADUGAREA DE SUFIXE LA CUVINTELE SIMPLE DE ORIGINE ENGLEZ . 122 VI. ADUGAREA DE SUFIXE LA CUVINTELE COMPUSE DE ORIGINE ENGLEZ .. . 135
6.1. Clasificarea substantivelor 6.2. Analiza cuvintelor compuse de origine englez ... 135 137

VII. RELAIA SUFIXELOR I PREPOZIIILOR N CAZUL CUVINTELOR MPRUMUTATE DIN LIMBA ENGLEZ .. 145 VIII. FUNCIA MORFOLOGIC A CUVINTELOR COMPUSE DE ORIGINE ENGLEZ. 150 IX. CLASE DE MORFEME N CUVINTELE DE ORIGINE ENGLEZ..159 X. CLASIFICAREA MORFOLOGIC A CUVINTELOR DE ORIGINE ENGLEZ N LIMBAJUL TURISTIC MAGHIAR............................... 169
10.1. Clasificarea formei substantivelor.................................... 171 10.2. Clasificarea tematic a cuvintelor de origine englez ....................... 183

XI. SINTEZ 200 Anexa I: Vocabular explicativ trilingv a cuvintelor utilizate n turism (maghiar, englez, romn) ....................................................................... 202 Anexa II: Chestionar........................................................................................ 248 Anexa III: Chestionar (limba romn)........................................................... 254 Bibliografie......................................................................................................... 260

EXTRAS TEZ DE DOCTORAT

O problem primordial lingvistic permanent care sensibilizeaz societatea, o constituie cuvintele internaionale sau strine. n general toate marile micri lingvistice se datoreaz luptei mpotriva cuvintelor strine (Balzs Gza: A magyar nyelv elmozdtsrl... Vitairat a nyelvmvelsrt cm, Bp. Akadmiai Kiad 2005). Se consider cuvinte internaionale acele cuvinte care se propag ctre mai multe limbi i a cror asimilare de o anumit limb nu poate fi stabilit cu exactitate. n trecut aceste cuvinte erau denumite ca fiind cuvinte de cultur internaional, unii militnd pentru expresia cuvinte migratoare. n categoria cuvintelor strine sau de origine strin este cunoscut expresia de cuvnt mprumutat, ca o denumire comun. Cuvintele strine se transfer dintr-o limb n alta cu particularitile lor privind pronunia, scrierea i etimologia. Dac stratul social al limbii n cauz manifest o atitudine pozitiv privind cuvintele strine i flexibilitatea regulilor gramaticale ale limbii date, n spe cele ale limbii maghiare face posibil acceptarea lor, acestea se integreaz din punct de vedere al pronunie, al formei, respectiv al ortografiei i devin astfel cuvinte de origine strin. Din punct de vedere lingvistic nu exist o delimitare exact a cuvintelor strine i a cuvintelor de origine strin. La definirea cuvintelor de origine strin putem vorbi despre o structur complex, nefiind vorba doar de implementarea unor simple cuvinte, deoarece concomitent apar i sintagme, expresii i alte accesorii gramaticale. Utilizatorii stratului social sunt ateni n primul rnd la prezena cuvintelor strine, fr a acorda atenie formelor gramaticale conexe. n general societatea manifest o atitudine negativ, respinge cuvintele strine. n urma contactului dintre diferite societi i culturi s-a creat o predare-primire lingvistic. Apariia n anumite limbi a cuvintelor strine este extrem de frecvent n perioada migrrii popoarelor i naiunilor. Astzi putem observa c predarea de cuvinte se realizeaz din direcia marilor culturi, a limbilor dominante, ctre culturile i limbile mai mici. Straturile sociale manifest o atitudine extrem de variat fa de cuvintele strine. Unii lingviti propun evitarea sau nlocuirea lor cu expresii maghiare corespunztoare,

astfel evitnd eliminarea lor din uzan. Este cunoscut i o alt poziie, i anume cea care ndeamn la utilizarea a ct mai multor cuvinte strine. O parte dintre lingviti nu consider prezena cuvintelor strine ca un factor amenintor, considernd c aceste cuvinte mbogesc, aduc varietate i culoare limbii maghiare. Cuvintele i expresiile strine ocup un loc aparte n mentalitatea noastr: reinerea fa de cuvintele strine apare mai degrab datorit instinctelor strvechi. Acest instinct arhaic este exploatat de diferitele ideologii xenofobe i rasiste. De aceea avem sentimentul dac nu gndim mai aprofundat c cuvintele strine sunt ciudate i urte, dei n realitate sunt doar strine, sunt nouti n limba noastr. (declaraie: let s irodalom, 1997, mjus 9.4.) innd cont de lucrrile lingvistice de pn acum putem constata o atitudine pozitiv privind cuvintele strine, respectiv faptul c prezena limitat a acestor cuvinte n limba maghiar nu cauzeaz probleme speciale nici n rndul celor care cultiv limba, nici a utilizatorilor. Istoria fiecrei limbi arat c mprumutarea din alt limb a cuvintelor constituie o modalitate de extindere, de mbogire a vocabularului. Acest lucru este valabil i n privina limbii noastre.(...) Aadar este imposibil de meninut o limb curat, lipsit de cuvinte mprumutate din alte limbi, iar tendina ctre o astfel de limb, persecutarea cuvintelor strine deja implementate este duntoare, nu numai deart. (...) Este inutil, chiar duntoare lupta mpotriva elementelor lingvistice de origine strin care s-au nrdcinat n limba noastr i care se potrivesc sonoritii limbii noastre, cunoscute i utilizate de ctre toi. Cuvintele i expresiile de acest gen sunt deja elemente constitutive utile i organice ale limbii noastre. (NymKkv. 1/926. Akadmia Budapest, 1980) Lingvitii sunt aceia care pot trezi interesul societii fa de cuvintele strine, ei sunt aceia care propun sau nu utilizarea lor, ori caut corespondente maghiare, ns decizia final le aparine utilizatorilor limbii respective. Cuvintele strine au o valoarea statistic specific. Exist cuvinte care l nsoesc pe utilizator n cotidian, fr ele nici nu se poate comunica. S lum doar cteva expresii simple din viaa de zi cu zi: TV, radio, laptop, capucino, pizzerie, restaurant, tenis... Este important deci cunoaterea cuvintelor strine, iar pentru utilizatorii contieni ai limbilor merit s aib n vedere i s utilizeze regulamentar ciar i expresiile oglind. n anumite situaii este posibil ca expresiile maghiare corespondente s fie utile ca elemente de 4

comunicare mai inteligibile i acceptabile. Laicii consider c integrarea cuvintelor strine este semn de degradare lingvistic. Majoritatea programelor de inovare i dezvoltarea a limbii sunt motivate de lupta mpotriva cuvintelor strine. n istoria limbii maghiare putem observa mai multe momente de ptrundere n mas a cuvintelor de origine strin. Lingvitii au cercetat originea cuvintelor din direciile francez-maghiar, german-maghiar, slav-maghiar i englez-maghiar. Diferena dintre cuvintele strine i cele de origine strin nu poate fi definit nici prin metode lingvistice. n prima categorie intr acele cuvinte pe care utilizatorul le simte strine, pe cnd cele n privina celor din a doua categorie s-a uitat deja c au fost strine. Lupta mpotriva cuvintelor strine a nceput undeva n prima jumtate a secolelor XVI-XVII. n lucrarea Grammatica Hungarolatina primului lingvist maghiar, Sylvester Jnos schieaz tendinele contiente de inovare a limbii. Opera lui Apczai Csere Jnos constituie nceputurile cultivrii limbajelor specializate maghiare n secolul al XVII-lea. n anii 1930 purismul, o variant a cultivrii limbii maghiare a pornit campania mpotriva expresiilor germane. n epoca de dup schimbrile de regim din anii 90 efectul cuvintelor strine a avut drept int primordial ptrunderea excesiv a cuvintelor englezeti. Ptrunderea intensiv a cuvintelor englezeti are o istorie de 200 de ani, nu este un proces de numai 10-20 ani. Un loc important l ocup expresiile din domeniul sportiv, urmat de domeniul bancar, comer exterior i domeniul turismului. n secolul XX efectul lingvistic al limbii engleze a devenit un fenomen mondial. Noua lume a informrii creat de mass-media i informatic se bazeaz pe efectul lingvistic al limbii engleze americane. Expansiunea expresiilor internaionale de origine englez este susinut de tehnica modern, comerul i modul de via cu tendine globalizatoare. n primul rnd limba englez se prezint n blana gri a mijloacelor neutre de comunicare internaional. n spate nu se ascunde nici o tendin de americanismenglez, nu are tendine exclusiviste, nu se amestec n viaa local a societilor. Practica ns arat c la nceput este acaparat elita, apoi prin englezirea limbajului reclamelor atractive i nsctoare de vise i pereii nvecinai ai vieii cotidiene se acoper cu un sistem semiologic al crui limbaj este strin pentru oamenii de rnd i a crei necunoatere nu poate fi recunoscut fr jen, datorit terorii fonocratice engleze. (...) Aspectul cel mai pervers al acestui proces este faptul c berbecii de spart ziduri din 5

industria anglo-saxon de marketing nu o consider necesar, i nici mcar dorit cunoaterea efectiv a acestor texte. Cci ca i denumirea misterioas neolatin a medicamentelor, neinteligibilitatea direct a textelor promoionale (...) servete tocmai mistificarea americanismului (...), atribuindu-i toate valorile moderne, urbane. Dar toxina procesului paralizeaz creatorii indigeni. Cu excepia celei anglo-americane, extermin toate celelalte culturi. (...) Se estompeaz autonomia i identitatea acestora. (Ankler Gza: Nyugat van, kelet nincs. Osiris, Budapest 2000. 119.) Tendina de maghiarizare a cuvintelor strine s-a manifestat mai intens la nceputul anilor 60. Rubricile de cultivare a limbii din mass-media, presa, televiziunea, radioul maghiare promoveaz ideea utilizrii cuvintelor maghiare sau n lips de corespondent n limba maghiar, a variantelor maghiarizate, i utilizarea cuvintelor englezeti numai dac nu exist alt cale. n ultimele decade s-au produs mai multe inovri de limb de succes. Iat cteva exemple din diferite domenii: supermarket ruhz, talk show tks, windsurf szlvitorls / szllovas, image arculat, szlogen jelsz, body building testpts, body builder testpt, komputer szmtgp, printer nyomtat, marketing piacszervezs, menedzser igazgat / gyvezet, privatizl magnost, jet ski vizirobog, squash fallabda, snow board hdeszka, mountain bike hegyikerkpr, second hand shop turkl, peep show kukkolda, internet vilghl, skin head brfej, home page honlap, hand out kiosztmny, mobil kzitelefon / maroktelefon / zsebtelefon, attachment csatolmny, brainstorming tletroham / tletbrze, multiplex mozipalota . ns exist exemple i pentru inovri lingvistice nu prea reuite: aerobic sporttnc, szolrium fnyfrd, diszkont polcos / karmas / fillres raktr /bolt, online tvkapcsolat, single / szingli egyedlll / szl (fi, lny), outlet store gyruhz. Expansiunea anglicanismelor este un proces neselectiv. Cuprinde aproape toate domeniile caracteristice ale cotidianului, cum ar fi: tehnica de calcul: fjl, csip, laptop, szoftver, hardver, monitor afacere, comer, reclam: menedzser, sales manager, menedzsment, projekt, design, lizing, green power, shop, city, light, hosztesz asigurarea calitii: auditls, auditor limbajul Uniunii Europene: derogci, reorganizci, konzultatv, koordintor, monitoring, training 6

muzica uoar: techno, gangstarap, house(osok,) rave activiti de petrecere a timpului liber: vikend, garden party, party, grill mbrcminte: shirt, strech, boxer, top, dzsogging industria de divertisment: top, DJ, diszks, chip , popcorn, bunjee jumping sport: aerobic, streching, windsurf, snowboard, rali, autokrossz, mountain bike, jogging denumirile i expresiile din domeniul sporturilor din orientul ndeprtat: jiujitsu, ippon, nuncsaku, karate, nindzsa. n limbajul cotidian unele expresii din cele enumerate sunt utilizate doar n limba englez (garden party, shop), altele se scriu chiar cu grafia maghiar ( hostess hosztesz, jogging dzsogging), evident o variant mixt, fiind altele considerate deja cuvinte i expresii maghiare (vikend, lizing, pressz). n ortografia maghiar a aprut deja un proces de reenglezizare, nscndu-se adesea o ortografie mixt anglo-maghiar (ex. disc). i n limbajul cotidian a aprut o vorbire mixt numit hunglish sau magygol. Ex. Shoppingolunk dlutn? (Shoppinguim dup mas?) Kollod van a kettesen. (Ai un koll pe doi) Mikor lesz a miting?(Cnd va fi mitingul?) Ugye j a filing? (E bun filingul, nu?) Lingvitii maghiari atrag atenia utilizatorilor asupra mai multor fenomene legate de cuvintele strine, n primul rnd asupra faptului c aceste cuvinte strine apar i n cuvinte compuse (ex: beruhzsfinanszrozs, vmkontingens, technolgiatranszfer), i n al doilea rnd c n cazul adoptrii acronimelor strine este discutabil introducerea formei iniiale sau a traducerii. Utilizarea lor poate provoca confuzii de nelegere i exprimare (PHARE, CNN, BBC, NATO). Traducerile oglind ascund aspecte strine i dac nu se ncearc realizarea unui caracter unitar, pentru un concept aparr mai multe traduceri (ex. lethosszig / letfogytig / egsz leten t / holtig tart tanuls, long life learning). Fenomenele cel mai greu de depistat sunt modificrile gramaticale, astfel transpunerea n limba maghiar a articolelor nehotrte din limba englez ( Ez nem annyira egy jogi keret.), utilizarea n cazul cuvintelor strine a topicii indoeuropene (ex: cafe Babel, n limba maghiar se utilizeaz invers), de asemenea perceperea acelui

strat de cuvinte strine, care este de neneles pentru vorbitorii nativi de limba maghiar (ex: A rendr eliminlta a kutyt) pot produce confuzie pentru omul de rnd. Limbajele specializate se bucur de atenie sporit din punctul de vedere al cuvintelor strine. Limba maghiar n ntregime se bazeaz pe limbajele specializate i dac limbajele i pierd maghiaritatea, aceste limbaje demaghiarizate atrag i limbajul cotidian ntr-o lume lingvistic diform. (Balzs Gza: Nyelvszeti vitk az idegenszersgekrl, Magyar orvosi nyelv, 2005, 1:8 - 40) Nivelul lexico-semnatic al limbajului turistic Cele mai evidente modificri pot fi observate n vocabular, mai precis la nivel lexico-semantic. Este un fapt confirmat c marea parte a vocabularului o constituie cuvintele de specialitate. Potrivit lui Grtsy dei vocabularul limbajului cotidian se dezvolt i se mbogete ntr-un ritm alert, nu poate s in pasul cu ritmul de dezvoltare al tiinelor, al vocabularului limbajelor specializate (Grtsy 2002:276). O cantitate important de cuvinte din lexicul de specialitate trece n vocabularul cotidian. Adesea acest fenomen se realizeaz prin preluarea simpl, direct a cuvintelor. n alte cazuri pentru aceeai denotaie ia natere o form similar. n multe cazuri prin ptrunderea n limbajul cotidian cuvntul i pierde caracterul de termen sau mbogete lexicul altui domeniu de specialitate. Noiunile unor terminologii de specialitate sunt adesea cuvinte prezente i n limbajul cotidian, ns cu o sfer semantic mult mai restrns. Sensul unui cuvnt poate fi definit diferit n diferitele limbaje. Astfel sensul cuvntului service poate nsemna, n funcie de limbajul de care aparine: performan, realizare, creaie. n limbajul turistic acest lexem poate fi definit ca prestaie. Printre particularitile limbajului turistic alturi de elemente aparinnd limbajului cotidian putem meniona utilizarea cuvintelor strine, a cuvintelor compuse, a abrevierilor, acronimelor, ca i frecvena afixelor strine n formarea de cuvinte. Efectele expansiunii limbii engleze se resimte i n limbajul turistic. Astzi limba englez nu are concuren. Acest fenomen poate fi explicat prin rspndirea perspectivei i a modului de via americane, dar i prin caracterul extrem de flexibil i adaptabil al limbii engleze.

Limbajul publicaiilor este cel mai important factor n rspndirea cuvintelor strine, a neologismelor. Datorit mass-mediei apar cuvinte noi (cuvinte strine corecte sau incorecte, jargonul profesional sau cuvinte nou-create), trenduri lingvistice, structuri lingvistice deosebite (Ablonczyn 2002). n textele analizate se constat un amalgam de conformare a particularitilor provenite din jurnalism i turism. n formarea lexicului limbajelor de specialitate se reflect aceleai procese ca i n limbajul cotidian: modificarea i/sau schimbarea sensului cuvintelor, formarea de cuvinte, crearea de cuvinte compuse, utilizarea de cuvinte strine, crearea de acronime. Cele dou elemente fundamentale ale modificrii sensului ntr-o limb sunt apariia de noi cuvinte i dispariia celor vechi. Cuvintele noi ptrund ntr-o limb cu precdere prin mprumut. O alt form de preluare este traducerea oglind, cnd nu se preia un cuvnt, ci se traduc elementele unui cuvnt. n majoritatea cazurilor maghiarizarea cuvintelor preluate din limbi strine se realizeaz prin adugarea de sufixe i prefixe. n continuare voi prezenta principalele particulariti ale limbajului turistic: -Modificarea sensului: sensul cuvintelor din limbajul cotidian se modific n limbajul de specialitate. -Prescurtri, acronime: o particularitate important este utilizarea acestora n limbajul turistic. -Utilizarea de prefixe: n revistele de specialitate se poate constata utilizarea frecvent a urmtoarelor prefixe: e-, mega-, ultra- (E-Learning, Mega-Event, ultraluxus). Prefixul e a avut o carier extraordinar din anul 2000, cnd American Dialect Association l-a declarat ca fiind cuvntul anului 2000. (Ablonczyn 2006: 45). Limbajul presei este ntlnit cel mai des de cei interesai de economie i turism. Neologismele de asemenea nti apar n pres.

Nivelul morfo-sintactic al limbajului turistic Constatarea privind utilizarea frecvent a nominalizrii formelor impersonale, a propoziiilor cu structur reflexiv, este valabil i n privina limbajului turistic. Dintre verbele la participiu domin verbele la participiu cu form personal. n articolele care trateaz problematica limbajelor de specialitate i cercetrii lingvistice citim de nenumrate ori c n limbajele de specialitate sintaxa se simplific. Aceast afirmaie contrazice n mic msur faptul c n revistele de turism sunt foarte frecvente propoziiile compuse subordonate, fiind caracteristice n primul rnd propoziiile subordonate atributive i circumstaniale. Nivelul pragmatic-stilistic al limbajului turistic Pragmatica este o nou metod de descriere lingvistic care analizeaz relaia dintre forma lingvistic i utilizatorul (Ablonczyn 2006). n revistele de turism ntlnim frecvent frazeologia i eufemismul. Sinonimele i antonimele, ca i cuvintele cu colorit emoional cresc deopotriv valoarea stilistic. Uneori regsim i referiri avnd stilul limbajului cotidian sau de jargon. Propoziiile interogative relativ foarte frecvente determin din start rspunsul. Factorii pragmatici influeneaz permanent alegerea sunetelor, structurilor lingvistice i a cuvintelor oferite de opiunile lingvistice disponibile (Crystal 1998: 159). Cu ajutorul expresiilor nuanate utilizate adesea ideea ce se transmite devine mai transparent. De multe ori o astfel de expresie nuanat poate substitui o ntreag propoziie. Ziaristul poart o mare responsabilitate, cci modul de comentare a evenimentelor, a tirilor are o influen major asupra deciziilor ceteanului de rnd, n cazul de fa ale turistului. n baza clasificrii prin care straturile lingvistice se difereniaz i dup necesitate, se poate constata c n presa de specialitate gsim o variant mai elevat a limbajului de specialitate scris i vorbit (Kurtn 2003). Dei limbajul de specialitate nu este identic cu terminologia, noiunea n sine avnd un neles mult mai larg, variantele cele mai evidente afecteaz n primul rnd vocabularul. Decodificarea, respectiv internaionalizarea cuvintelor, termenilor i prescurtrilor strine nu sunt o sarcin uoar pentru specialiti. Doresc s prezint diversitatea limbajului turistic, particularitile limbii la diferite nivele i domeniile n care se impune efectuarea de analize. 10

Cuvinte de provenien englez n limbajul turistic maghiar Apariia expresiilor englezeti n limbajul turistic maghiar indic faptul c utilizatorii, ca i n celelalte domenii de specialitate (limbaj bancar, media, internet), ntlnesc adesea expresii scrise i verbale care s-au implementat att de bine, nct au mbrcat i formele gramaticale specifice ale limbii maghiare. Acest lucru nu nseamn c n scurt timp toat lumea va comunica n ingli, dar dac ne gndim la afluena de cuvinte englezeti n domeniul informatic, constatm c pn s-a instalat (installltk) meniul maghiar, eram obligai s nvm manevrarea butonului start, a tastaturii i a mous-ului, i aici am amintit doar structura elementar a calculatorului (computer). Expansiunea limbii engleze nu este exclusiv un fenomen lingvistic maghiar, nu penetreaz numai Europa: este vorba de un fenomen mondial. Prestigiul limbii engleze a nceput s creasc odat cu popularizarea ideologiei globalizrii. Specialitii preocupai de limba maghiar sunt ngrijorai: Trebuie s avem grij ca limba noastr s nu devin n 10-20 de ani o limb mixt denumit hunglish . (Fodor 1997:265) De noi depinde ct timp stau lipii de limba maghiar aceste cuvinte strine i cnd vom fi de acord s trecem la utilizarea variantelor lor maghiare. Textele maghiare mpnate cu expresii i cuvinte englezeti se datoreaz lipsei cuvintelor maghiare corespunztoare, respectiv inexistenei unei terminologii maghiare elevate. Particularitile fonetice, morfologice i sintactice ale limbii engleze difer att de mult de particularitile maghiare, nct n unele cazuri este periclitat succesul comunicrii. Flexibilitatea limbii i gramaticii maghiare favorizeaz prezena mai puin deranjant a cuvintelor englezeti, acestea devenind mai mult sau mai puin acceptabile n forma lor maghiarizat, scrise dup ortografia englez sau maghiar. n realitate nu este vorba de degradarea limbii maghiare cnd cineva spune c snowboardozik, shoppingol, bookingol, city tourra megy, showmen, cselendzs trzik , ci despre consecinele unui trend, respectiv despre procesul care duce la globalizare. Prezena acestor cuvinte nu pericliteaz structura gramaticii maghiare, dimpotriv, aceste cuvinte ncearc s se adapteze regulilor gramaticale. Din punct de vedere al cultivrii limbii este n mod evident ngrijortoare utilizarea frecvent a cuvintelor englezeti, chiar dac acest proces este o particularitate general a zilelor noastre, aprut n urma schimbrilor socioeconomice i a globalizrii. 11

Un exemplu concret privind pericolul invaziei de cuvinte strine n limbajul turistic, asemntor invaziei produse deja n domeniul informatic i tehnic. Cnd un client, chiar i fr vreo pregtire special n domeniul limbii engleze sau a turismului, intr ntr-un birou de turism pentru a se informa n legtur cu vacana abia achitat, primete urmtoarele indicaii (sau foarte asemntoare): Stimatul nostru turist se va ntlni la aeroportul Ferihegy, la terminalul A2, unde este afiat: Departure, cu reprezentantul biroului nostru. Reprezentantul nostru v va nmna biletul de avion i voucherul de cazare, respectiv v va arta unde se desfoar check in-ul (sau: becsekkols). La destinaie (desztincin) v va atepta partenerul nostru local care v va conduce la autobuzul de transfer ( transzfebusz), care v va transporta la hotel (hotel). V rugm s predai voucherul la recepie, i n schimb vei primi cheia de la camer i banderola all-inclusive. De banderol beneficiaz orice turist, indiferent dac va fi cazat n apartmann, sau bungall. Cu banderol putei utiliza sauna, jacuzzi, serviciul welness i sala de fitness, posibilitile oferite la trand ns sunt contra cost. Dintre acestea v recomandm beach-volley, jetski, buggy, bungeejumping, kite-surf-ul. La hotel animatorii asigur distracie, copiii sunt supravegheai de baby-sitter specializat. Dintre programele opionale v recomandm jeep-safari i katamarn-ul, dar putei practica divingul (eventual scufundare) i snorkelul. La infoboard primii informaii privind prsirea camerei. Merit s pltii cash, cu cardul este destul de anevoios, la plecare fii atent s nu uitai nimic n sefbox, respectiv factura room-service s nu fie ncrcat i cu numrul camerei. Totodat expresiile de origine englez din textul prezentat sunt exemple bune i pentru a demonstra ct de diferite sunt strile pe care le reflect cte-o expresie n procesul de integrare n limba maghiar. Cci expresiile ca terminal, sauna sau chiar i transzferbusz, s-au adaptat complet la limba primitoare, i-au nsuit particularitile gramaticii maghiare, li se adaug sufixe, ncetul cu ncetul comportndu-se n totalitate ca nite cuvinte maghiare. Cuvintele ca hotel, recepie sau apartmann nici nu mai par a fi de origine strin. Exist i o categorie de cuvinte care acum sunt n curs de adaptare la limba maghiar; aceste expresii nu au o ortografie, reguli definitiv acceptate. n rndul acestor expresii este un fenomen frecvent ca expresia englez s se scrie cu ortografia maghiar. De ex. baby-sitter (bbiszitter), info-board (infobord). Alte expresii se 12

maghiarizeaz forat de ctre utilizatori, pornind de la forma fonetic iniial se creeaz o expresie nou, mai uor de utilizat n limba maghiar. De ex. n loc de check in se utilizeaz becsekkols. Este evident c multe cuvinte strine au corespondent acceptabil n limba maghiar, pe care utilizatorii ateni l pot folosi fr grij, cci din punct de vedere al sensului corespunde perfect cuvntului iniial englez: cash-kszpnz, divingbvrkods, beach volley-strandrplabda, etc. Uneori ns corespondentul n limba maghiar este uor tras de pr, de ex. baby-sitter gyerekcssz, n acest caz fiind recomandat utilizarea cuvntului strin, ca i atunci cnd nu exist nici o variant maghiar, de ex. bungee-jumping sau snorkeling.

NEOLOGISME N LIMBAJUL TURISTIC

Modul de creare a neologismelor n limba maghiar n limba maghiar se constant fenomenul de transformare a cuvintelor n substantiv i de economie lingvistic, cci corespund perfect gestionrii ritmului accelerat al vieii cotidiene i transferului de date. Kosztomarov (1994 : 156) vorbete direct despre invazia fenomenului de transformare a cuvintelor n substantiv, Rpsi (1990c) este preocupat de compilarea ntr-un cuvnt a structurilor verbale i a sintagmelor, i realizeaz vocabularul condensatelor semantice. Acestea se asimileaz i de stratul limbajelor economice oficiale n baza examinrii formaiunilor. Neologismele se clasific dup structura cuvintelor, destinaia, sfera de utilizare, coloristica stilistic i origine: - dup structur: cuvinte simple, cuvinte compuse, frazeologisme - dup origine: cuvinte strine, cuvinte din surs intern - cuvinte create prin alipirea de sufixe, prefixe, sufixe i prefixe, cuvinte create prin renunarea la sufix i prin alipirea de cuvinte. Dup modul de formare a cuvintelor neologismele se clasific drept structuri verbale, conversii, derivate, cuvinte compuse, fiind caracteristice: eliminarea de cuvnt, scurtarea cuvntului, condensarea de cuvinte, cuvinte strine. Dup scopul creri neologismelor Minya (2003 : 19-24) identific neologisme necesare, care se creeaz datorit nevoii obiective i sociale, i neologisme stilistice, care nu ptrund n vocabularul limbii naionale, apar o singur dat i sunt create datorit nevoii actuale de coninut i stil. Modul de generare produce urmtoarea clasificare: 13

- cuvinte create pin alipire (ex. magnnyugdjpnztr) - cuvinte create prin alipirea de sufixe (ex. tlthatsg) - cuvinte create prin eliminarea unor pri din cuvinte (ex. rdekegyeztet) - cuvinte create prin comasare (ex. video + telefon = videofon) - cuvinte mozaic (ex. fa) - cuvinte create prin prescurtare (ex. multi) - cuvinte create prin extinderea nelesului (ex. csomag) - cuvinte strine (ex. design) - structuri verbale cu valoare de lexem (ex. falusi turizmus) n literatura maghiar de specialitate modalitile tradiionale de formare a cuvintelor sunt sintetizate de ctre Keszler i Lengyel (2000 : 305-321): - Formarea de cuvinte: Afixe verbale Afixe nominale Afixe pentru participiu

- Cuvinte compuse: anorganice (ntre elementele constitutive nu exist relaie gramatical) (ex. mbr, mghogy, spedig) organic (ntre elementele constitutive exist relaie gramatical) De de tip morfologic (morfeme cu prepoziii) (ex. mialatt, ezltal, mindenekeltt, mdfelett) De tip sintactic: De juxstapunere (pl. krbe-krbe, kln-kln, mr-mr, s-r, ideig-rig) De subordonare: subiective (ex. mennydrg, drcspte) atributive (ex. idejtmlt, remnyvesztett) circumstaniale (ex. nyugdjjogosult, csapadkszegny) atributive (ex. mszrme, autmrka) De comprimare (ex. vilgkillts: expoziia celor venii de peste tot din lume; clirnyos: direcionat ctre un scop) 14

- modaliti de formare a cuvintelor mai rare: cuvinte gemene (ex. kombkom, srgs-forgs) abrevierea cuvintelor i alipirea de afixe la aceste abrevieri (pl. labor(atrium), foto(grfia), fagyi, szabi, dagi) eliminare (pl. kaj(l), auto(mobil)) trunchierea cuvntului: acest termen este utilizat de Keszler exclusiv pentru cuvintele create n procesul de nnoire a limbii. Nu se elimin mereu afixe, ci i lexeme sunt trunchiate anorganic (ex. gykr >gyk, gpely > gp) cuvinte mozaic - acronime (pl. Mv, TV) - comprimarea de cuvinte (ex. Mabisz, Temki) - alipirea cuvintelor cu neles diferit, modalitate preferat n special n perioada de nnoire a limbii (ex. csr, motel, anyag (anyai +dolog=anyag)) - mixajul formelor de cuvnt / contaminare (cu sens similar) (ex. zargat, csokrta) - alte cuvinte mozaic: eliminare de elemente (pl. kara/karja, prizsias/prizsis) etimologie popular / explicarea cuvntului (ex. emil, nygdjas) transformarea substantivelor proprii n substantive comune (ex. winchester, zserb) stabilizarea de elemente (ex. tessk, mozoghatnkja van) Dup cum se poate observa att statutul cuvintelor din sistemul modalitilor de formare a cuvintelor, ct i denumirile criteriilor privind modalitile de formare a cuvintelor difer dup tradiii lingvistice, fiind valabile poziii lingvistice diferite. Cazurile speciale de formare a cuvintelor, respectiv modalitile rare de formare a cuvintelor sunt amintite numai n literatura de specialitate german i maghiar. Clasificarea modalitilor de formare a cuvintelor: compunere (de cuvinte) compunere prin alipirea a afixe 15

compunere prin alipirea de cuvinte derivare prefixare: cuvinte formate prin adugarea de prefixe sufixare: cuvinte formate prin adugarea de sufixe trunchiere prin eliminare / trunchierea cuvintelor schimbarea categoriei morfologice prescurtarea cuvntului comprimarea cuvintelor mixajul de (forme de) cuvinte abreviere / acronime, cuvinte mozaic tiina formrii cuvintelor se situeaz undeva la limita lexicologiei, morfologiei i sintaxei, cci la descrierea fenomenului ntlnim deopotriv fenomene lexicologice i sintactice. Motivele se regsesc n diferenele sistemelor lingvistice n diferite zone lingvistice, ct i n multitudinea aspectelor de cercetare. Pe lng varietatea literaturii referitoare la formarea cuvintelor n domeniul limbajelor de specialitate, i n cadrul acestora a subdisciplinelor economice, modalitile de formare a cuvintelor nu sunt cercetate suficient, de aceea consider oportun cercetarea neologismelor i a formrii de cuvinte n cadrul sistemului de cercetare a limbajelor.

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METODE DE CERCETARE
Evaluarea prin chestionar a utilizrii cuvintelor strine de origine englez n limbajul turistic maghiar Evaluarea prin chestionar a avut drept scop evidenierea prezenei i utilizrii n limba maghiar a cuvintelor i expresiilor strine de origine englez. Chestionarul avnd 27 de ntrebri a fost completat de diferite categorii de utilizatori: elevi, studeni, persoane cu studii medii, respectiv persoane cu studii superioare. Scopul a fost scoaterea la lumin a fenomenului lingvistic devenit foarte la mod n rndul utilizatorilor n urma globalizrii, i anume accelerarea prelurii cuvintelor strine i msura n care a crescut utilizarea acestora. Totodat culegerea de cuvinte, cuprinznd n 450 de cuvinte turistice de origine englez, culegere ntocmit pe parcursul cercetrii, poate oferi un suport orientativ utilizatorilor care doresc s-i continue studiile n domeniile legate de turism, respectiv s-i desfoare activitatea n domeniul turismului. Evaluarea s-a efectuat n baza a 500 de chestionare (modelul vezi n anexele I i II), din care peste 400 au fost completate corespunztor pentru a fi evaluate; o mare parte a chestionarelor au fost completate de ctre elevii Liceului teoretic Bolyai Farkas (73) i Liceului Pedagogic Mihai Eminescu din Trgu Mure (163), aproape 200 fiind completate de studenii de la profilul turism din cadrul Universitii Babe-Bolyai, respectiv studenii de la profilul de comunicaii din cadrul Universitii Transilvnene Sapientia. Acest capitol al tezei mele se bazeaz pe analiza chestionarelor completate la licee, evalund particularitile jargonului de specialitate utilizat n sfera elevilor, nevoile lingvistice ale utilizatorilor i nu n ultimul rnd frecvena expresiilor turistice de origine englez, raportul acestora fa de limba maghiar.

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Analiza particularitilor morfologice ale cuvintelor culese din chestionarele prelucrate i publicaiile turistice M-am ocupat n mai multe rnduri de utilizarea n limba maghiar a cuvintelor de origine englez, am prelucrat sute de chestionare pn m-am convins c aceste cuvinte exist n limbajul cotidian, se ncadreaz n regulile gramaticale. De aceast dat am analizat particularitile morfologice ale cuvintelor adunate, n urmtoarele categorii: a) cuvinte simple b) cuvinte compuse Astfel am analizat structura morfologic i interioar a cuvintelor, prezena particularitii elementelor i adugarea de afixe, respectiv declinarea cuvintelor. n vederea analizrii comportamentului morfologic al cuvintelor culese cu scopul elaborrii tezei mele: cuvinte de origine englez i abia aprute, integrate sau rar utilizate n limba maghiar, am apelat la normele gramaticale cuprinse n volumul Kis magyar grammatika (Tanknyvkiad Budapest, 2002), autori Keszler Borbla Lengyel Klra. c) din categoria afixelor sufixele (afixe lipite direct sau indirect dup rdcin) sunt cele care se preteaz a fi alipite cuvintelor de origine englez. n analiza mea am pus accent pe ceea ce este tipic pentru limba maghiar, fenomenul de adugare a afixelor dup rdcin. d) n limba maghiar exist un singur prefixe (afix dinaintea rdcinii), cel care indic superlativul (leg - legesleg), dar acesta nu poate fi alipit cuvintelor de origine englez analizate de mine. (exemplu din alt domeniu: legmachbb src) e) Dintre morfemele alipite am analizat toate cele trei: afixele, desinenele, elementele de declinaie.

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SINTEZ
n lucrarea mea am analizat comportamentul cuvintelor i expresiilor de origine englez utilizate n domeniul turistic, aprute n diverse reviste i n limbajul cotidian. O parte din expresiile adunate de mine le-am analizat sintactic, semantic i morfologic, pentru a putea observa integrarea lor n limba maghiar i comportamentul lor n mediul de asimilare. ntreaga culegere de cuvinte i expresii ns cuprinde 450 de cuvinte, i urmeaz s fie prelucrate i ali termeni de specialitate n vederea includerii lor ntr-un dicionar explicativ trilingv maghiar, englez, romn. n acelai timp apar noi expresii; cu ani n urm, cnd am nceput culegerea de cuvinte, multe cuvinte nici nu se utilizau, iar astzi unele cuvinte precum leisure, corporate sau target au devenit att de generale, nct aproape c nici nu se utilizeaz corespondentele din limba maghiar cnd se vorbete despre valorificarea pe bucat, individual, valorificarea de grup (ctre firm), respectiv pentru cifra de afaceri. n aceast direcie deci cercetarea poate fi continuat fr impedimente, ns materialul analizat, respectiv criteriile de cercetare formeaz un tot complet, sper eu cu un obiectiv bine prestabilit n vederea cercetrilor, analizelor viitoare. Nu se poate spune despre trecutul istoric al relaiilor lingvistice anglo-maghiare ar nsemna o perioad lung, n teritoriul de utilizare a limbii maghiare afluxul intensiv al cuvintelor englezeti s-a produs dup schimbrile de regim, cuvintele strine integrnduse mult mai trziu n limbajele de specialitate i n limbajul cotidian. Literatura de specialitate privind analiza acestor tangene lingvistice este foarte bogat. ns cercetarea privind modul n care relaia dintre limbi ar ajuta practic la predarea limbii engleze ca limb strin n domeniul turistic, deocamdat ocup un loc nesemnificativ n atenia public. ntr-un capitol al lucrrii mele m-am angajat s recuperez acest neajuns n baza a sute de cuvinte culese. n vocabularul meu i-au gsit locul cuvinte strine engleze, cuvinte de cultur internaional, a cror utilizare frecvent n limba maghiar este caracteristic limbajului turistic i care au form sau sens similar. n alegerea temei am avut i o motivaie personal. n calitate de ghid turistic am fost de mai multe ori n regiuni unde limba oficial este alta dect engleza, unde mi-au 19

fost foarte utile n comunicare cuvintele strine de origine englez i internaionalismele utilizate n limba maghiar. n timpul utilizrii acestor cuvinte am simit anumite regulariti de form sau tendine care sunt sistematice n limba maghiar i care au fost utilizabile n majoritatea cazurilor i n mediul strin. n perioadele petrecute n strintate am recunoscut faptul c aceast strategie de folosire i nvare a cuvintelor poate fi exploatat i n nvarea limbajului de specialitate de ctre cei care lucreaz n turism sau de ctre studenii de la facultatea de turism. Potrivit observaiilor mele majoritatea cuvintelor preluate sunt substantive. Categoria cuvintelor compuse cuprinde expresii create prin alturarea de cuvinte englezeti i maghiare, respectiv engleze i engleze. Cuvintele engleze apar adesea cu afixe. La aceste cuvinte nu se mai pot aduga alte afixe. n cazul cuvintelor simple dintre afixele care se pot alipi sunt frecvente. n cazul cuvintelor simple cele adaptabile sunt afixele verbale reflexive, afixele nominative deverbale, afixele adjectivale, afixele verbale i afixele verbale atributive. n context maghiar toate expresiile se comport similar cuvintelor maghiare, astfel li se pot altura desinene i elemente de declinare. Este discutabil utilizarea cu ortografia maghiar a unor cuvinte engleze, acestea aprnd de cele mai multe ori cu ortografie fonetice. Din punct de vedere al cultivrii limbii este ngrijortoare utilizarea frecvent n limbajul cotidian a cuvintelor de origine englez, ns procedeul este un fenomen general n zilele noastre, produs n urma schimbrilor socio-economice, dezvoltrii explozive a tehnicii i mass-mediei, expansiunii culturii moderne anglo-americane, deci n general globalizrii. Internaionalismele totodat nlesnesc nelegerea reciproc n comunicarea cotidian a celor care vorbesc limbi diferite, au un rol important n asimilarea limbilor strine, creeaz relaie istoric i cultural ntre popoare i individ i sunt integrabile n vocabularul comun european.

20

Anexa I. MIC DICIONAR EXPLICATIV AL EXPRESIILOR DE PROVENIEN ENGLEZ DIN LEXICUL MAGHIAR N DOMENIUL TURISMULUI

ENGLISH acclimatization: to (cause) change to suit different conditions of life We found it impossible to acclimatize ourselves to the new working conditions accountant: is someone who keeps or examines the records of money received, paid and owed by a company or person Elaines just got a job with a form of accountants adapter: a plug which can be conect two or more pieces of equipment to the electrical supply adventure tour: a visit to different places or areas, one during which you do unusual, exciting and possibly dangerous activity, journey adventure trip: (round trip, business trip, shopping trip) a journey in which someone goes usually to a place and returns from it and which usually takes a short time, where you do unusal, exciting and possibly dangerous activity adventure: an unusual, exciting and possibly

ROMN aclimatizare: acomodare, adaptare, dedare, deprindere, familiarizare la condiii noi de via, diferite de cele iniiale, obinuite contabil: persoan specializat n lucrri de contabilitate

MAGYAR aklimatizci: alkalmazkods egy megvltozott lethelyzethez, jszer, a megszokottol eltr felttelekkel knyvel: valaki, akinek az a munkja, hogy rendben tartsa s ellenrizze a pnzgyi vagy zleti feljegyzseket adapter: elektromos szerkezet, mely ms elektromos szerkezetek tulajdonsgait megvltoztatja

adaptor: 1. dispozitiv care permite folosirea unui aparat prin modificarea unor caracteristici; 2. aparat care permite adaptarea unui organ electric la diverse ntrebuinri. adventure tour / excursie de aventur: excursie cu factori de pericol ridicat adventure trip / excursie de aventur: excursie mai scurt cu factori de pericol ridicat

kalandtra: olyan kirnduls, amelyben a szokottnl tbb a veszly-factor kalandutazs, kalandtra: rvidebb kirnduls, amelyben a szokottnl tbb a veszly-factor

aventur: aciune sau excursie ndrznea i riscant

kaland: lmny vagy kirnduls, amely izgalmas s veszlyes, 21

dangerous activity, journey, experience or the excitement produced by such activities She had some excitind adventures in Egypt. advertising media: a way in which make known something in public, which involves newspapers, magazines, radio, TV (mass media) It becomes famous thanks to the advertising media. advertising: make (something) known generally or in public in order to sell it; put a notice in a newspaper, local shop; a job which creates advertisements I dont have much respect for the advertisinf industry. advertizing campaign: a planned group which is intended to achieve a particular aim and to bring a particular product to the publics attention The Coca-Cola Companys lates advertising campaign involves photograph with young couples. afternoon snack: a smaller than usual meal or a small amount of food that is eaten in the afternoon They served the afternoon snack at him. agency: a business which represents one group of people in dealing with another group (travel agency) The travel agency was closed. air bag: a bag in a vehicle that automatically fills with air if the vehicle is involved in an accident in order to protect the driver or a passenger from

vagy szokatlan s emlkezetes

publicitate mass media: faptul de a face cunoscut un lucru publicului; difuzare de informaii n public cu ajutorul mass mediei (televiziune, radio, ziare, reviste) publicitate: faptul de a face cunoscut un lucru publicului; difuzare de informaii n public

hrdetsi eszkz: aminek segtsgvel ismertt lehet tenni valamit vagy ki lehet hrdetni, mint a tv, napilapok, folyiratok, rdi reklm, hrdets, reklmszakma: jsgban, televziban stb. valamit hirdet szveg vagy kp

campanie publicitar: un grup de reclame intensiv prezentat pentru a face reclam unui produs

Reklmhadjrat: intenzv hrdet reklmcsoport egy bizonyos termk reklmozsra

gustare: mncare rece, luat n fug, n cantitate mic, ntre mesele obinuite

uzsonna: knnyebb tel, melyet ebd s vacsora kztt szoktak enni, estebd

agenie: birou care reprezint interesele unei instituii, ncheind anumite acte n numele ei.

gynksg, kpviselet: valaki ms helyett tevkenyked, vagy valaki mst kpvisel szemly vagy vllalat munkja vagy irodja lgzsk: lgzsk gpkocsiban, amely automatikusan levegvel teltdik baleset esetn vdve a sofrt vagy utast a srlsektl

air bag: sac montat ntr-o main, care automat se umple cu aer n cazul unui accident pentru a proteja oferul sau pasagerul

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injury air conditioning: a system or process for controlling the temperature, humidity, and sometimes the purity of the air in an interior, as of an office, theater, laboratory, or house, especially one capable of cooling air hostess: a woman whos job is to entertain the guests in a plain The air hostess was really nice. air show: a public show of flying skills and special aircraft, often performed at an airbase specially opened to visitors The air show was fascinating. air terminal: the area or building at an airport which is used by passangers leaving or arriving by an aircraft The new air terminal is well designed. air ticket coupon: a part of a small piece of paper given to someone who travels by flight to show that they have paid for it He lost his air ticket coupon. all inclusive apartment: hotel apartment that includes all the facilities, food and beverages animateur: someone who uses energetic and interesting methods to teach performing arts such as dance and theatre apartment: a set of rooms for living in one floor of a building

aer condiionat: sistem de procesare a aerului pentru a controla temperatura, umiditatea i puritatea acestuia ntr-o nchpere

lgkondicionl: elektromos berendezs, mely egy plet, helyisg, bels tr levegjt megfelel hmrskleten tartja

nsoitoare de bord: femeie care are grij de cltorii unui avion i i servete demonstraie aviatic: show n cadru festiv cu avioane n care piloii i demonstreaz aptitudinile

lgiutas-ksr: rendszerint n, aki a replgpen az utasokat kiszolglja s segtsgkre van lgikzlekedsi killts: lgi replgpes bemutat, ahol a piltk kpessgeiket mutatjk be

terminal: punct final al legturilor cu un aeroport ntr-un ora; staie-terminus pentru ncrcarea i descrcarea containerelor; aerogar, punct de sosire sau de plecare a pasagerilor cupon de bilet: parte detaabil dintr-un bilet, de pe un cotor etc. care confer deintorului anumite drepturi apartament all inclusive: apartament de hotel care include toate facilitaile, mncare i butur animator: persoan care nsufleete, iniiaz o activitate, o aciune; persoan care anim un spectacol de varieti, crend atmosfera apartament: mai multe camere locuibile, de obicei situat pe un singur etaj al unei cldiri

terminl, plet: nagy plet, ahol emberek vrakoznak, mieltt felszllhatnnak egy replre vagy hajra; repltri vr repljegy kupon, repljegy rsze: repljegy letphet rsze, mellyel bizonytani lehet ajegy rvnyessgt all inclusive apartman: szllodai apartman, mely tartalmazza a korltlan tkezst s ital fogyasztst animtor: az a szemly aki j hangulatot teremt, rdekes s mozgkony eszkzket felhasznlva, pl. tnc vagy elads apartament: tbb szobbl ll lakrsz

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apartment hotel: a public building with a set of large luxuriously decorated rooms where you pay to have a room to sleep We stayed in an apartment hotel. aquaduct: a structure for carrying water across land, esp. one that looks like a high bridge with many arches, which carries pipes or a canal across walley aquarium: a glass container in which fish and other water animals can be kept, or a building usually open to the public, which holds many of these contaners arcade: a covered area or passage in which there are shops or a covered passage joined to a building on one side and with columns and arches along the other side They meet her at the arcade in the outer. archive: place for keeping the historical records of a place, organization, family His book is based entirely on archive material. arrival area: the place which you reach at the end of a yourney We reached the arrival area very late. arrival day: a period of time, a week, month, year when somebody reaches the end or beginning of a jouney baby cot: a small bed for a baby or young child with high bars round the sides so that the child can not fall out

apartament de hotel: mai multe camere de hotel, care pot fi folosite de o familie

apartmanszll: szlloda, melynek lakrszei tbb helyisgbl llnak

aquaduct: o structur construit, care s permit transportarea apei pe distane mari

akvaduct: ptett szerkezet, mely a vz szlltst szolglja nagy tvolsgok kztt

acvariu: vas sau recipient din sticl n care sunt inui peti sau alte animale de ap, sau o cldire deschis publicului, care conine mai multe ncperi din sticl arcad: element arhitectural format din unul sau din mai multe arce i din elementele care le susin (coloane, stlpi, ziduri), zon d etrecere de pietoni

akvrium: dszhalak, vzi nvnyek tartsra alkalmas vegfal medence; vzillatok s nvnyek tanulmnyozsra s bemutatsra berendezett intzmny rkd: boltvekkel kapcsolt oszlop- vagy pillrsor, ily mdon fedett utcarsz, fknt gyalogjr (Tbbes szmban hasznlva.)

arhiv: totalitatea actelor sau documentelor unei instituii, unui ora etc. care se refer la activitatea lor trecut zon de sosire: zona unde se coboar din avion sau tren dup o cltorie zi de sosire: ziua n care ncepe sau se termin o cltorie ptu cu gratii pentru copii mici

archvum, levltr: levltri, irattri gyjtemny anyag

rkezsi terlet: az a rsz, ahov az utasok megrkeznek replvel vagy vonattal val utazs utn rkezs napja: az a nap, amikor elkezddik vagy vget r egy utazs rcsos kisgy gyerek szmra

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baby sitter: a person who takes care of someone s child while that person is out, usually by going to their home bank: an organization where people and businesses can invest or a building where these services are offered barbeque: metal frame on which meat, fish or vegetables are cooked outside over the fire barbeque party: a social event organized outside, where people eat, drink and celebrate a certain occasion barbeque sauce: very spicy sauce which is used to flavour food cooked on a barbeque beach: sandy area beside the sea or other area of vater The word beach is used with other words to refer to things used or found on or near a beach. beach bar: drinking place, a place where especially alcoholic drinks are sold or the area in such a place where the person serving the drinks stands beach buggy: a small car, with large wheels and open sides, that you can drive on sandy beach beach caf: a place, a bar near a sandy area where you can find coffee, drinks beach hotel: hotel situated especially near a beach

baby sitter: persoan, care are grij de copilul cuiva ct timp acesta este plecat banc: organizaie unde se pot mpumuta sau investi bani, sau se pot schimba n valut / bani strini barbeque: bare din metal pe care se prepar carne, pete sau legume pe foc deschis barbeque party: eveniment organizat n aer liber unde oamenii mnnc, danseaz, celebreaz diferite ocazii barbeque sauce / sos barbeque: sos foarte picant folosit pentru condimentarea mncrurilor gtite pe barbeque beach / plaj: teren cu nisip n apropiere de mare sau lac Cuvntul beach este folosit mpreun cu cuvinte care se refer la locaia unor locuri sau obiecte situate aproape de malul mrii. beach bar: loc de but, loc amenajat unde se comercializeaz buturi alcoholice sau numele acelei ncperi unde persoanele i pot servi buturile beach buggy: main de mrime mic cu roi mari, decapotabil folosit pe teren cu nisip

baby sitter: szemly, aki ms gyerekre felgyel az illet laksn, mialatt az nem tartzkodik otthon bank: a tervszer pnzforgalomrt gondoskod llami hitelszervezet; hitelek nyjtsval s pnz adsvtelvel foglalkoz vllalat; a bank plete: takarkpnztr barbeque: fmrcs, amelyen hs, hal, zldsg kszthet a szabadban nylt tz fltt barbeque party: klnbz alkalmakbl szervezett szabadtri esemny, ahol a meghvottak esznek, isznak, tncolnak barbeque sauce / barbeque szsz: pikns szsz a barbequen ksztett telek zestsre beach: homokos tengerpart A beach (tengerpart) szt olyan ms szsszettelben hasznljk, mely klnbz trgyak helyre utal a tengerpart kzelben. beach bar: italoz, alkoholos italokat rusit hely, vagy kisebb terlet, ahol ellehet fogyasztani azokat, kzel a tengerparthoz beach buggy: homokos terleten hasznlt kismret aut nagy kerekekkel s nyitott fels rsszel beach caf: hely, helyisg homokos terlet kzelben, tengerparton, kvz beach hotel: tengerparti szlloda beach house: kisebb plet, hz a 25

beach caf: loc, bar n apropierea unui teren cu nisip unde se gsesc buturi, cafea beach hotel: hotel situat n special pe maul mrii, aproape de mal, sau cu vedere spre mare beach house: smaller building, beach house: cldire mai mic,

house near the beach beach resort: a place where people can go for holidays which has a beach and beach activities as its main attraction beach towel: towel used only on the beach, it can be free of charge or chargeable bell-boy: a man in a hotel employed to carry cases and open doors bikini: a two piece swimming costume for women bodyguard: a person paid to protect another person in case of an attack boarding card: is a card that a passenger must have to be allowed to enter an aircraft or a ship

cas aproape de malul mrii beach resort: loc de vacan situat pe malul mrii cu activiti interactive beach towel: prosop folosit pe malul mrii contra cost sau fr plat boy: brbat fiind angajatul unui hotel al crui sarcin este s care bagajele, s deschid ui

bikini: costum de baie pt. femei din dou piese bodyguard: persoan pltit pentru a proteja o alt persoan n cazul unui atac boarding card: cartel, bucat de hrtie sau carton folosit n sistemele de prelucrare automat a datelor necesar pt. mbarcare ntr-un avion sau vapor bonus: an extra amount of bonus / premiu: recompens money that is given to you as a material acordat cuiva pt. present or reward in addition to merite deosebite obinute ntr-un the money you were expecting domeniu de activitate booking: the arrangement for booking / rezervare: rezervarea a seat, room or excursion at a unui loc (n avion, tren, autocar), particular time in the future camer, destinaie pentru o dat fix n viitorul apropiat branch: one of the offices or filial: instituie, ntreprindere, groups that form a part of a asociaie, organizaie condus i large business organization controlat de o unitate central (She is a branch manager.) brand: a type of product made marc: semn distinct aplicat pe by by a company un obiect, un produs brand name is the name by which a particular product is sold buffet: a meal where people bufet: un mod de a lua masa serve themselves from a stnd n picioare n stil variety of types of cold food autoservire cu o varietate de and often eat standing up mncruri reci bungalow: a house that has bungalow: cas cu un singur etaj only one storey (floor)

tengerparton beach resort: szabadsg eltltsre alkalmas hely tengerparttal s sajt szrakozsi lehetsggel beach towel: tengerparti trlkz illetkrt vagy illetk mentesen kifutfi: hotel alkalmazott, akinek az a feladata, hogy csomagot hordjon s nyissa az ajtt bikini: a testbl keveset takar, ktrszes ni frdruha bodyguard: fizetett szemly, aki egy msik szemly testi psgre vigyz esetleges tmads esetn beszllkrtya: utsnl lv krtya, amit a replsre vagy hajra val beszllskor kell felmutatni prmium: klnleges teljestmnyrt adott pnzjutalom booking / foglals: helyfoglals vonatra, replre, autbuszra, szobra, kirndulsra egy jvbeli pontos dtumra branch / fikzlet: intzmnyek, kereskedelmi vllalatok helyileg elklnlve mkd tagozata mrka / vdjegy / mrka nv: runak, gyrtmnynak a gyrt cg ltal adott megklnbztet, trvnyesen vdett neve svd asztal: egyfajta tkezs, nkiszolgl rendszerben, amikor a klnbz hideg telek lbon llva fogyaszthatk bungall: egy emelettel plt hz

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bunjee jumping: is the sport of jumping off from a very high bridge or similar structure with a long elastic rope tied to your legs and the rope pulls you back before you hit the ground business class: to travel in an aircraft with better conditions such as wider seats and free drinks, than if you travel cheaper cabin: space in an aircraft, boat or train like a small room for passangers call girl: person who is paid for sexual services, who arranges her meetings with customers over the telephone camera: a device for taking photographs oe making films or television programmes cameraman: a person who operates a camera when films or television programs are being made camping: a place where people stay in tents or other temporary structures campus: the buildings of a collage or university and the land that surrounds them caravan park: is an area where wheeled vehicles for travelling, that contains beds and cooking equipment and can be pulled by a car, can be parked especially by people spending their holidays card system: a way of doing things, a method which includes the use of all kind of cards (payment cards, towel cards in a hotel, boarding

bunjee jumping: sritur de pe pod cu o coard elastic legat de picior. Coarda te trage napoi nainte de a ajunge aproape de pmnt. business class: denumirea serviciilor oferite n cadrul unui zbor aerian n condiii mai bune cum ar fi aer condiionat, buturi gratis, locuri spaioase cabin: ncpere mic pe un vas sau pe tren, amenajat pentru pasageri call girl: persoan pltit pentru servicii sexuale, care i aranjeaz ntlnirile cu clienii prin telefon camer: aparat cu care se pot face fotografii, filme sau programe de televiziune cameraman: persoana care lucreaz cu camera video la nregistrarea filmelor sau a programelor Tv camping: loc unde oamenii stau n corturi sau n cldiri amenajate temporar campus: complex universitar cuprinznd construcii i dotri pt. nvmnt, cercetare, locuit, agrement parc pentru rulote: loc unde pot parca vehicule cu dou roi, remorcat la un alt autoturism i dotat cu elemente de confort proprii unei mici camere de locuit sistem de carduri: sistem care centralizeaz folosirea i funciunea unui dispozitiv pe baz de carduri

bunjee jumping: ktlugrs hdrl vagy hasonl magas szerkezetrl. A gumirozott ktl visszarnt mieltt a fldhz kzelt. zleti osztly: repln val szolgltats, lgkondicionlval, tgas lhelyekkel, ingyenes italokkal kabin: hajn, vonaton utas- vagy hlflke call girl: szexulis szolgltatsrt fizetett szemly, aki a tallkozit telefonon beszli meg a kliensekkel kamera: fnykp, film, tv program ksztsre alkalmas gpezet operatr: filmek, Tv programok ksztsekor a videokamert kezel szemly kemping: storoz hely vagy ideiglenesen berendezett plet szemlyek szmra kampusz: egyetemi kzpont, ahol a tanulshoz szksges sszes ptmny megtallhat lakkocsi park: az a hely, ahol lakhzknt hasznlt, ebdlfelszerelssel elltott, aut ltal vontathat kocsik parkolhatnak krtya rendszer: az az eljrs, ami magba foglalja az sszes krtya hasznostst (pl. hitel krtya, trlkz krtya szllodban, beszllkrtya 27

cards, phone cards) cash: usually in the form of notes and coins catalog: (to make) a list, usually in the form of a book, esp. things you can look at category: a type or a group of things having some features that are the same charter: to rent vehicle, especially an aircraft for a special use and not as part of a regular service check in: to report your your arrival at an airport or hotel so that you can get the number of your seat in the aircraft or be given the key to your hotel room check out: to leave a hotel after paying and returning your room key check: request for payment in a restaurant

cash: form de plat imediat n bacnote sau monede catalog: list, registru care conine o nirare metodic, dup anumite criterii i cu anumite scopuri obiecte, produse, titluri categorie : grup de inte, de obiecte sau de fenomene de acelai fel sau asemntoare ntre ele charter: vehicul de deplasare, de obicei avion, curs neregulat check in: a se prezenta la un aeroport pentru mbarcare, sau a se prezenta pentru a fi cazat ntrun hotel check out: plecare (prsirea hotelului) dup plat i predarea cheii cec: document nominal, prin care posesorul unui cont curent sau de decontare dispune plata unei sume de bani din disponibilul aflat contul titularului punct de control: locul unde sunt oprii oamenii i autovehiculele pentru control n special la vama ntre dou ri children's beach club: loc de joac pentru copii situat aproape de malul mrii club: grup organizat de persoane de interes comun care se ntlnesc regulat i iau parte la activiti organizate sau cldirea n care se ntlnesc comision: nsrcinare dat unei

repln, telefonkrtya stb.) kszpnz: bankjegyekben vagy rmkben azonnal rendelkezsre ll kzvetlen fizeteszkz katalgus: knyvek, mtrgyak rendszeres jegyzke, knyv formj klnbz (eladsra sznt) trgyak, termkek rendszere kategria: egynem vagy azonos jelleg szemlyek, dolgok csoportja charter: kzlekedsi eszkz, repl, nem menetrendszerinti jrat check in: 1. (repltren) utasfelvtel, jegykezels s poggyszfelvtel; 2. szllodban bejelentkezs kijelentkezs: szlloda elhagysa fizets s kulcstads utn csekk: tteremben szmla, pnzintzetnl vezetett folyszmla, amelyre csekkben pnzsszeget fizetheznek be s amelyrl kifizetseket is vgezhetnek ellenrz pont: az a hely ahol meglltjk az embereket s a jrmveket ellenrzs cljbl ltalban kt orszg kzti hatron children's beach club: tengerparti jtsztr gyerekek szmra klub: azonos rdeklds szervezett csoport, melynek tagjai rendszeresen tallkoznak s klnbz tevkenysgeken vesznek rszt vagy tallkozhely jutalk, bizomnyi, kzvetti 28

check-point: a place where people are stopped and questioned and vehicles are examined, esp. at a border between two countries children's beach club: a place near the beach where children can play club: an organization of people with a common purpose or interest who meet regularly and take part in shared activities or the building commision: (system of)

payment to somone who sells goods which is directly related to the amount of goods sold

consul: an official chosen by a government to live in a foreign city in order to take care of the people from the officials own country who are travelling or living there and to present the trade interests of that government consulate: a place, building where continental breakfast: is a simple meal eaten in the morning that usually consists of coffee and bread with butter corporate office: is the entity at the top of a corporation taking full responsibility managing all businessactivities credit card: a small piece of card or plastic, often with your signature, photograph or other information proving who you are , which allows you to make payment, obtain money from a bank or enter to a particular place dead-line: a time or day by which something must be done

persoane de a procura sau de a transmite ceva; serviciu fcut cuiva n urma unei astfel de nsrcinri; contract n baza cruia o persoan trateaz afaceri comerciale n nume propriu, dar pe socoteala altei persoane, n schimbul unei remuneraii (procentale); remuneraie(procentual) primit de o persoan, de o banc care a mijlocit o afacere comercial sau care a efectuat un serviciu consul: persoan numit de un stat n funcie de ef al unei reprezentane oficiale cu rang de consulat n alt stat i care apr interesele economice, administrative, juridice ale statului pe care l reprezint, precum i pe cele ale cetenilor acestuia consulat: reprezentan a unui stat n alt stat condus de un consul mic dejun (continental): mncare simpl consumat dimineaa (cafea, pine cu unt) birou central: biroul central al unei afaceri de unde se hotrsc toate deciziile n privina afacerii card de credit: card, cartel de dimensiune mic, nscripionat cu semntur, fotografie, informaii despre o persoan cu ajutorul cruia se fac pli i se obin bani de la banc termen: interval de timp stabilit dinainte, n limita cruia trebuie s se nfptuiasc sau s se ntmple ceva

dj: gyletben a kzvettt a megbztl megillet rszeseds

konzul: klkpviseletnl gazdasgi s tlevlgyekkel foglalkoz vezet tisztvisel

konzultus: gazdasgi s tlevlgyekkel foglalkoz klkpviseleti hivatal kontinetlis (egyszer) reggeli: reggel fogyasztott kv s vajaskenyr kzponti iroda: tbb fikintzetbl ll cg kzponti, f irodja hitelkrtya: kis mret manyag krtya, sajt alrssal, fnykppel s a szemlyt igazol informcikkal, amely fizetsi lehetsgre vagy klcsn felvtelre szolgl hatrid: az az idpont vagy idtartam, ameddig ill. amelyen bell valami elvgezend

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destination: a final point where one has to or has proposed to himself to reach direct booking: to arrange to have a seat, room at a particular time in the future direct mailing: the letters which are trnsported and delivered by computer, post or the postal system direct marketing: buying and selling disco (discotheque): an event where people dance to modern recorded music for entertainment or a place where this often happens discount card: is a document which allows you to pay a cheaper price because you belong to a particular organization or group discount: a reduction in the usual price

destinaie: locul, locaia propus ca fiind elul unei cltorii

desztinci: vgcl, hely ahov egy utazs vgn megrkezni kvnunk rezervare direct: a pstra pentru kzvetlen foglals: valahol cineva sau pentru ceva, a pune valamit ignyelve (szlls, szoba) deoparte, a opri, a reine elre biztostani valakinek coresponden direct: scrisori kzvetlen levelezs: levelek tjn trimise cu ajutorul computerului val kzvetlen rintkezs, sau a potei szmtgp, posta segtsgvel direkt marketing: vtel s elads diszk: esemny amelyen az emberek tncolnak, szrakoznak modern zenre vagy az a hely, ahol ez az esemny vgbemegy discount krtya: olyan krtya, ami olcsbb vsrlsi lehetsgre jogost fel tagja lvn bizonyos csoportnak vagy szervezetnek rengedmny, rkedvezmny: rucikkek rnak cskkentse bvrkzpont: kzpont ahol megtantanak fejest ugrani s merlsi tehnikkat dokumentum, okmny: hiteles, rsos trgyi bizonytk dupla gyas szoba: szoba kt szemly szmra belvros: a vros bels, kzponti rsze vmmentes zlet: az az zlet reptren vagy hajn, ahol vmmentes luxuscikkeket lehet vsrolni pnzvlt: pnz tvltsa ms pnznemre 30

marketing direct: cumprare vnzare disco (discotec): evenimet cu ocazia cruia oamenii danseaz pe muzic modern nregistrat pentru a se distra sau un loc unde acest eveniment se ntmpl cartel discount: document cu ajutorul cruia se pot efectua cumprturi la pre redus fiind membru al unei organizaii sau unui grup discount / reducere: micorarea, scderea preului diferitelor obiecte dive centre: a place where you dive centre: centru unde se nva learn how to jump head first cum se sare n ap cu capul into water or to move down nainte sau tehnica de scufundare through water document: a paper (or set of document: act prin care se papers) with written or printed adeverete, constat sau se information preconizeaz un fapt, se confer un drept, se recunoate o obligaie double room: a room for two camer dubl: camer dubl persons in a hotel pentru dou persoane ntr-un hotel downtown: the business or centru: loc unde este concetrat o central part of a city activitate industrial, comercial, administrativ, cultural duty free shop: special shop in duty free: magazin situat n airports or ships where luxury aeroport sau pe vapor unde se pot goods can be bought cumpra produse de lux fr a plti tax exchange office: to change exchange office / schimb (something) for something else valutar: schimbare monetar of a similar value or type

expedition: organized journey and group in order to discover new places, scientific experiments and purposes export: to send (goods) to another country for sale express bus: bus which is moving fast and stops only in important stations express: moving or being sent fast extra costs: added or additional or more payment extra night: one more night added extra service: additional system or organization that provides for a public need family room: a place, an area within a building that has all the facilities for a larger family to live in fashion show: show in which gilrs wear clothes for showing the new trends in the fashion industry fast food: food, as hamburgers, pizza, or fried chicken, that is prepared in quantity by a standardized method and can be dispensed quickly at inexpensive restaurants for eating there or elsewhere festival: a special day or period with its own social activities; an organized set of special events, such as musical performances or plays usually happening in one place

expediie: cltorie fcut de un grup organizat n regiuni ndeprtate, cu scopuri tiinifice a exporta: operaie cu caracter comercial prin care o parte din marfurile produse, prelucrate ntro ar se vnd pe piaa altei ri expres (autobuz) expres (tren): tren care merge cu vitez mare, oprindu-se numai n staiile mai importante extra costuri: diferite pli efectuate extra night: adugarea a nc unei nopi, exemplu la cazare extra serviciu: form de munc special prestat n folosul sau n interesul cuiva family room: loc sau camer de mrime mai mare, ncptoare pentru toat familia prentare de mod: defilare n care fetele sunt mbrcate n haine prezentnd noile tendine din industria textil fast food: restaurant de tip american unde se mnnc repede i ieftin

expedic: ismeretlen terletek, jelensgeg feldertsre szervezett kutat- ill. a rsztvevk csoportja kivitel: klkereskedelem tjn kivinni s eladni cikkeket expressz busz expressz: 1. srgsen kzbestend vagy szlltand; 2. expressz vonat mellkkltsg / extra kltsg: soron kvli, tlagtl eltr, rendkvli kiadsok extra jszaka: mg egy jszaka (ellts) (szlls) csatolsa extra szolgltats: valakinek a hasznlatra ltrehozott vagy valakinek juttat valami klnleges plusszot csaldi szoba: tbb frhelyes szoba, ahol akr egy nagyobb csald is elfrhet divatbemutat: ruhabemutat, melyen lnyok j ruhkat viselnek, hogy bemutassk az j divattendenikat fast food: amerikai gyorstkezde, ahol gyorsan s olcsn lehet enni

festival: manifestare fesztivl: orszgos vagy artistic(muzical, teatral) nemzetkzi jelleg nneplyes cuprinznd o serie de reprezentaii elads, bemutat i avnd caracter festiv

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fitness room: a closed place where people take care of their health by using training instruments, machines fixed menu: lunch served in a restaurant , where the kind of food is established day by day by the rstaurant for sale: if somethings is for sale it is available to be bought full board: including all meals in a hotel service full pension: including all meals full: complete, whole, containing a lot of detail garden view: a piece of land next to a house where flowers and other plants are grown and which often has an area of grass garden party: a formal party that happens outside in the afternoon, often in a large private garden general manager: a person who is responsible for controlling or organizing the working of a business grill: in a cooker is the surface while can be heated to very high temperature and under which you put food to be cooked. Over a fire is a frame of metal bars on which food can be put to be cooked on informal restaurant. half board: meals provided when you are staying somewhere (ex. breakfast and dinner)

camer / sal fitness: sal dotat cu diferite aparate de training pentru cei care vor un mod de via sntos meniu fix: mas servit (la prnz) ntr-un restaurant la care numrul i ordinea felurilor de mncare sunt stabilite zilnic de restaurantul respectiv (i al crei pre este redus) de vnzare: ceea ce se vinde, destinat vnzrii, marf (hotel) full board: care include toate mesele pensiune complet: care include toate mesele plin: este umplut cu ceva, n care se afl ceva pn la limit vedere spre grdin: teren lng o cas, amenajat cu flori i plante, unde de obicei crete i iarba garden party: o petrecere n aer liber ntr-o grdin particular mai mare

fitnessz terem / szoba: az egszsges letmdot gyakorl szemlyek szmra klnbz ergpekkel felszerelt edzterem fix men: tteremben felszolglt ebd, melynek sorrendjt s milyensgt, flesgt az tterem dnti el naponta elad: valamit ellenrtkst valakinek a tulajdonba tenged teljes ellts: rendszeres tkezs szolgltatsa pl. egy hotelben teljes ellts: rendszeres tkezs szolgltatsa (fullba van) tele: sznltig tltve, teljesen megrakva kerti kilt/kilts / kertre nz: fldterlet a hz krl virggal, nvnyekkel beltetve, fmaggal behintve

garden/kerti party: dlutn megszervezett, kltri szrakozsi lehetsg magnkertben manager general: persoana menedzser: az a szemly, aki egy responsabil de controlul sau zleti vllalkozs organizarea desfurrii unei munkamenetelnek afaceri megszervezsrt felels grill: partea cuptorului, care poate grill: st rsze, amely magas fi nclzit la temperaturi mari hfokra hevthet telkszts pentru prjirea mncrurilor. Bare cljbl. Tz fl helyezett din metal aezate pe foc pe care se fmrudak, amelyen tel gtete mncarea. Restaurant cu kszthet. Olyan tterem, mely specific. grillezett teleket szolgl. demipensiune: ntreinere constnd din locuin i mas, mic dejun i cin, pe care cineva o primete avnd rezervare la o pensiune flpanzi: panzihoz tartoz vele kapcsolatos ellts, ami magba foglalja a kt (reggeli s esti) tkezst

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half pension: meals provided when you are staying somewhere (ex. breakfast and dinner) head office: the most important office, the leader office of an organization or group home delivery: service that takes orders by phone and brings food to your home hostel: a large house where people can stay free or cheaply hostess: a person who introduces guests and performers, a woman who entertains hot dog: a cooked sausage eaten in a long soft roll, often with fried onions hotel: a building where you pay to have a room to sleep in and where you can often eat meals hotel hall: the room just inside the main entrance of a hotel which leads to other rooms and usually to the stairs hotel lobby: the large room into which the main entrance door opens in a hotel hotel manager: the person who is responsible for controlling or organizing someone or something in a hotel hotel reception: is the area in a hotel where you go when you first arrive and where you ask for information and where your request will be dealt with

demipensiune: ntreinere constnd din cazare, mic dejun i cin, pe care cineva o primete avnd rezervare la o pensiune birou central: centrul unei organizaii sau a unei instituii de unde este coordonat toat aciunea desfurat home delivery / pentru acas: serviciu care raspunde la comenzi prin telefon i i duce mncarea acas hostel: o cas, cldire mai mare unde oamenii pot fi cazai fr plat sau la un pre redus hostess: persoan, care prezint, introduce invitai, doamn responsabil pentru distracia altora hot dog: crnai fieri n corn cu ceap prjit hotel: cldire unde se pltete pentru a nchiria o camer i unde se servete mncare holul hotelului: ncpere ntr-un hotel, care face legtura ntre intrare i celelalte ncperi ale cldirii lobby / holul hotelului: ncpere ntr-un hotel, care face legtura ntre intrare i celelalte ncperi ale cldirii manager / director hotel: persoan, care conduce un hotel sau un sector al acestuia recepie: serviciu ntr-o ntreprindere hotelier, care are evidena persoanelor aflate n hotel, face repartizarea n camere a musafirilor

flpanzi: panzihoz tartoz vele kapcsolatos ellts, ami magba foglalja a kt (reggeli s esti) tkezst kzponti (iroda): intzmny, szervezet, cg kzpontjhoz tartoz hzhoz szllt: telefonhvsokra vlaszol szolgltats, mely az telt hzhoz szlltja hostel: nagyobb hz, plet, ahol emberek szllsolhatk el illetkmentesen vagy nagyon kevs illetkrt hostess: az a szemly, aki meghvottakat, vendgeket fogad, n, aki msokat szrakoztat hot dog: ftt kolbsz, virsli kifliben, slt hagymval zestve hotel: plet, ahol illetkrt szoba brelhet s tkezsre is alkalmas hall (hotel) / elcsarnok: nagyobb pletnek, hotelnek a bejrat utn kvetkez tgasabb helyisge szlloda elcsarnoka: nagyobb pletnek, hotelnek a bejrat utn kvetkez tgasabb helyisge szllodaigazgat: szllodnak felels vezetje, illetve vezet tisztviselje recepci: szllodnak a vendgeket fogad, eligazt rszlege

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hotline: special direct telephone connection for emergencies import: to buy or bring in products form another country or to introduce (new goods, customs or ideas) to one country from another incoming: newly arrived or received, entering, beginning info board: where all the needed and most important information are on display internet caf: a place where only drinks usually do not contain alcohol are served while people can use computers to communicate, chargeable service jacuzzi: a bath or pool of water into which warm water flows through small holes producing a pleasant bubbling effect jeep safari: an organized journey to look at wild animals with strongly built vehicles with four wheels used to travel over rough ground juice: the liquid that comes from fruits or vegetables junior suite: a set of connected rooms in a hotel; smaller rooms king size: it is larger than the ordinary size king size bed: a bed which is larger than the ordinary bed size last minute: is the latest possible opportunity for booking trips or flight tickets laundry: is the business which washes clothes sheets for customers

telefon pentru urgene: linie telefonic direct pentru situaii, care necesit o rezolvare urgent import: totalitatea operaiilor cu caracter comercial prin care se introduc ntr-o ar mrfuri, produse i cumprate din alte ri incoming / sosire, primire: care sosete, care tocmai ncepe panou de informaii: unde se gsesc toate informaiile importante internet caf: loc unde se servesc buturi fr alcohol sau cafea n timp ce oamenii pot folosi calculatoare cu conexiune la internet pentru a comunica, contra cost jacuzzi: cad sau piscin n care apa cald curge prin guri mici conferind o senzaie plcut jeep safari: excursie organizat pentru vizitarea animalelor slbatice dintr-un parc cu o main rezistent conceput pentru teren accidentat juice: lichidul strors din fructe sau legume junior suite: camere conectate de mrime mai mic, de obicei n hotel king size: mrime mai mare dect cea normal king size bed: pat mai mare dect mrimea normal last minute: ultima posibilitate pentru a rezerva o cltorie sau un bilet de avion laundry / curtorie: afacere care se ocup cu curarea hainelor clienilor, curtorie

telefonos (segly) szolglat / seglytelefon: telefonon elrhet seglyszolglat import: rubehozatal, rubevitel

incoming / bejv, rkez vendg, levl, e-mail informcis tbla: ahol az sszes fontos s napraksz informci megtallhat internet kvz: olyan helyisg, ahol alkoholmentes italok, kv fogyaszthat mikzben fizetsg ellenben internet elrhetsggel rendelkez szmtgpek llnak a kliensek rendelkezsre jakuzzi: kd vagy medence, ahova a meleg vz apr lyukakon ramlik; pezsgfrd dzsip szafri: vadllatok megtekintsre szervezett kirnduls ngy kerk maghajts terepjrval dzssz: gymlcskbl vagy zldsgbl facsart folyadk junior suite: kisebb mret egybenyl szllodaszobk king size: nagyobb mret, mint a norml king size bed: tlagos mrettl eltr gy last minute: az utols lehetsg egy kirnduls vagy repljegy lefoglalsra laundry / mosda: az a vllalkozs, amely a kliensek ruhinak tiszttsval foglalkozik 34

licence: an official document which gives you permission to own, do or use something, usually after you have paid money and / or taken a test lift: a box like device which moves up and down carrying pople or goods from one floor of a building to another list: a record of short pieces of information (such as peoples names) usually written or printed with a single item on each line and often ordered in a way that makes a particular item easy to find live performance: an artistic performance which is performed live, without any electrical devices help lobby: to try to persuade (a politician, an official or an official group) that a particular thing should or should not happen or that a law should be changed low cost flight: cheaper flight than usual, not good quality, smaller one and not so comfortable lunch box / breakfast box / dinner box: a light meal in a container usually to take with you somewhere to be eaten later manager: a person who is responsible for controlling or organizing the working of a business marketing: a commercial activity which is related to the main recent knowledge and in

licen: autorizaie dat de stat unei persoane pentru exercitarea unui nego special, pentru operaii de import i de export lift: ascensor, mecanism care circul de sus n jos i vice versa ntre etajele unei cldiri transportnd persoane sau bunuri(mrfuri) list: foaie, document, act(scris de mn sau tiprit) care conine o enumerare de persoane, inte, obiecte, date nirate ntr-o anumit ordine a unor nume de persoane sau de obiecte, a unor date restatie live: concert n care artistul cnt cu vocea sa original, nu de pe un dispozitiv, care ajut la nbuntirea calitii vocii lobby: grup de persoane, care influeneaz, din afar, hotrrile unui parlament

licenc: szabadalom felhasznlsra szl engedly

lift, felvon: az a szerkezet, ami egy plet emeletei kztt, le s fel mozgssal szemlyeket vagy terheket szllt lista: kimutats, jegyzk

l elads: olyan l elads, melyen a mvsz sajt hangjn adja el a dalt s nem valamilyen elektromos mszer segtsgvel, amivel jobb minsgv teheti a sajt hangjt lobby: gazdasgi-politikai csoport a parlament befolysolsra, melyet kzs, elssorban gazdasgi rdek kt ssze low cost flight: olcs utazsi lehetsg kisebb mret, gyengbb minsg szolgltatsokkal lunch box / breakfast box / dinner box: hideg tel dobozba csomagolva, amelyet elszlltanak s ksbb fogyasztanak el menedzser: az a szemly, aki egy zleti vllalkozs munkamenetelnek megszervezsrt felels marketing: zemben, vllaltban a termelst az rtkests lehetsgei, a piac ignyei szerint 35

low cost flight: avion de mrime mic, de calitate mai sczut,mai puin comfortabil dar mai ieftin dect celelalte avioane lunch box / breakfast box / dinner box: gustare rece mpachetat ntr-o cutie pentru a fi luat i mncat mai trziu manager: persoana responsabil de controlul sau organizarea desfurrii unei afaceri marketing: disciplin i activitate comercial care pornete de la cunoaterea curent i n

perspective the needs of the buyers in order to satisfy it mass media: newspapers and television which are read or seen by many people media tour: a visit to a place or area, organized by a tourism company, during which you look round the place and learn about it, organized especially for people working at a newspaper, TV, radio etc. in order to write or present a material aboul the visited place media: newspapers, magazines, radio, TV considered as a group meeting room: an area within a building that has its own walls, floor, ceiling doors that usually is used for conferences or meetings meeting: is an occasion when people come together intentionally or unintentionally menu: a lsit of the food that you can eat in a restaurant

perspectiv a nevoilor cumprtorilor, spre a satisface operativ aceste nevoi mass media: se refer la ziare i tv, de unde mulimea i capt informaii media tour: excursie (vizit) organizat de o agenie de turism ntr-un loc aparte pentru persoane care sunt angajaii unor ziare, radio sau a unei tv

irnyt, velk egybehangol tevkenysg mass mdia: jsg s tv, amelyen sok ember informldik mdia tr: egy turista cg ltal ismeretszerzs vgett szervezett kirnduls (ltogats) egy bizonyos helyre olyan szemlyek szmra, amik rdi, jsg alkalmazottjai

media: ziare, reviste, tv, radio considerat un grup sal de conferine: ncpere spaioas ntr-o cldire dedicat ntrunurilor meeting, ntrunire: a se uni ntrun loc, ntlnirea unor persoane n funcii meniu: totalitatea felurilor de mncare servite la o mas. List pe care sunt scrise felurile de mncare i buturile servite ntrun restaurant, mpreun cu preurile respective, list de bucate milk shake: butur spumoas preparat prin mixare din lapte, ngheat, fructe, ciocolat mini bar: ncpere mic ntr-o camer de hotel unde se pot gsi buturi alcoholice sau rcoritoare mini bus: autocar mic pentru maxim 10 persoane moderator: persoan, care conduce o dezbatere, de obicei

mdia: jsgok, magazinok, tv, rdi egyttese konferenciaterem: pletben berendezett tgas hely rtekezsek, megbeszlsek szmra tallkozs, tallkoz: ls, rtekezlet, megbeszls valamely testlet, szervezet (vezet) tagjainak tancskozsa men : elre jelzett fogsokbl ll vendgli ebd, vacsora

milk shake: a drink made of milk, ice cream, fruit or chocolate mixed together very fast mini bar: small place where alcoholic and soft drinks can be found, usually in the hotels mini bus: a small bus in which there are seats for about 10 people moderator: is someone who tries to helps other pople come

milk shake: habos ital tejbl, fagylaltbl, gymlcsbl s csokoldbl keverve mini br: szllodaszobban talallhat kisebb hely alkoholos italoknak s dtknek kisbusz: kb 10 szemlyes modertor, msorvezete: az a szemly, aki ltalban kerekasztal 36

to an agreement motel: a hotel by the side of a road, usually with spaces for cars next to each room

museum: a building where objects of historical, scientific or artistic interest are kept night club: a place where people go to dance, listen to music, drink and meet other people especially in the night oasis: a place in a desrt where there is water and therefore plants and trees and sometimes a village or town office: a room or part of a buildingin which people work (for ex. sitting at tables with computers, telephones) online auction: usually public sale of goods or property where people offer usually for each item, until it is sold to the person who will pay the highest price and this is made in a direct way online shopping: the activity of buying things directly from shops that you can reach through the internet or telephone operating system: is a special program that controls the way a computer works, esp. how its memory is used and the ....... of other programs operator: a person, who makes something work or be in action (tour operator: a company which organizes holidays)

public,o mas rotund,oemisiune motel: hotel situat n afara oraelor, pe un (important) itinerar turistic, special amenajat pentru cazarea cltorilor i parcarea vehiculelor lor pentru o perioad scurt de timp muzeu: instituie, care se ocup cu strngerea i expunerea obiectelor care prezint interes istoric; cldire n care sunt pstrate i expuse astfel de obiecte night club: local frecventat n special noaptea pentru a dansa, a asculta muzic, a consuma buturi i a ntlni alte persoane oaz: loc cu izvoare de ap i cu vegetaie bogat n mijlocul unui pustiu nisipos birou: parte dintr-un local sau ncpere n care se lucreaz, sau unde este un serviciu licitaie online: vnzarea unui bun fcut n public, dup reguli speciale, avnd drept rezultat atribuirea obiectului de vnzare persoanei, care a a oferit preul cel mai mare cumprturi online: aciunea ce rezult din cumprarea direct a diferitelor obiecte din magazine, care se gsesc cu ajutorul internetului sau prin telefon sistem operaional: program special, care controleaz sistemul de funcionare a unui computer, exemplu cum este folosit memoria i alte programe operator: persoan, care organizeaz ceva, (tour- operator: form care se ocup cu organizarea diferitelor sejururi, excursii)

megbeszlst, msort vezet motel: dlhelyen, orszgt mentn plt, olcs modern szlls

mzeum: a mvelds (fejldse) szempontjbl rtkes mtrgyakat, emlkeket gyjt, tudomnyosan feldolgoz s killt intzmny night club: az az jszakai szrakozhely ahova az emberek tncolni, zent hallgatni, italt fogyasztani s ismerkedni jrnak ozis: sivatagi forrst, kutat vez termkeny terlet, illetve telepls iroda: zemnek, intzmnynek az gykezelst vgz szerv online aukci, rvers: az a rendszeres, hivatalos nyilvnos eljrs, amellyel klnfle vagyontrgyakat adnak el a legnagyobb vtelrat knl vevknek online vsrls: az a cselekvs, amellyel dolgokat lehet vsrolni klnbz interneten vagy telefonon elrhet zletekbl opercis rendszer: az a program, amely ellenrzi ahogy a szmtgpes rendszer mkdik, hogyan hasznljk a memrijt s ms programokat operator: szervez, rendez (tour operator: utazsokat, dlseket szervez cg)

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option: one thing which can be chosen from a set of possibilities, or the freedom to make a choice optional: if something is optional you can choose whether to do it, pay it, buy it, etc. outgoing: departing (outgoing trains); leaving or retiring from a position or office; addressed and ready for posting (outgoing mail) overbook: to sell more tickets or places (for an aircraft or holiday) than are available package tour: (holiday) is a holiday at a fixed price in which the travel company arranges your travel, hotels and sometimes meals for you paint ball: a game in which people dress up in militar clothing go out into the countryside and attempt to shoot each other with guns that fire paint rather than bullets panic: a sudden very strong feeling of anxiety and of fear that prevents reasonable thought and action panorama: a view of a wide area

opiune: faptul sau dreptul de a alege din dou sau mai multe lucruri, posibiliti, pe acela sau aceea care i convine; alegere opional: cu caracter de opiune, facultativ outgoing: gata de plecare (tren) sau gata de trimitere (scrisoare)

opci: tbb lehetsg kzli vlaszts; az az eshetsg, hogy valami lehetsges bekvetkezhet; amit vghez lehet vinni, meg lehet valstani opcionlis / fakultatv: szabadon vlaszthat, nem ktelez kimen: elldsre vr levl, vagy indulsra vr vonat

plin/overbook: a pune n vnzare mai multe bilete (de avion, de concedii) dect locuri accesibile package tour: vacan, concediu organizat de ctre o companie de turism pentru o sum n prealabil stabilit i care include cltorie, cazare i mas paint ball: joc distractiv n care oamenii se deplaseaz la periferia oraului, se mbrac n haine militare i ncearc s se mpute cu nite arme umplute cu vopsea i nu cu gloane panic: senzaie de spaim violent de care este cuprins subit o persoan sau o colectivitate panoram: privelite din natur cu orizont larg, vzut de departe i de la nlime park: 1. a large enclosed area parc: 1. suprafa ntins de of land with grass and trees, teren, de utilitate public, cu which is specially arranged so plantaii, alei i diferite that people can walk in it for construcii, amenajat pentru pleasure or children can play in agrement; 2. loc de staionare i it; 2. to put a vehicle (car) in a de garare mai ndelungat a place where it can stay for a vehiculelor sau de depozitare a period of time materialelor

overbook: tbb repljegy, illetve szabadsgjegy eladsa, mint amennyi szabad hely van package tour: fix ras kirnduls, ahol egy utazsi iroda szervezi az utaztatst, szllst, tkezst paint ball: jtk, amelyben a jtkosok katonai ruhba ltzve egymst lvldzik, de nem golykkal, hanem sznes festkdarabokkal pnik: tmeges, fejveszett rmlet; embertmegben elterjed, oktalan, tlzott flelem panorma: valamely tjnak tfog kpe, krkp, kilts, ltkp, ltvnyok sorozata park: 1. park, liget; 2. szemlygpkocsik egy ideig val megrzsre alkalmas terlet

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party: a social event where a group of people meet to talk, eat, drink, dance often in order to celebrate a special occasion passage: usually long and narrow part of a building with rooms on one or both sides, or an enclosed path which connect places passive: not acting to influence or change a situation allowing other people to be in control passport: an official document or small book containing some personal information and usually aphotograph which is given password: a secret word or combination of letters or numbers which is used for communicating with other person or with a computer to prove who you are peep show: a sexually exciting picture or film watched on a machine through a small hole perfect: complete and correct in every way of the best possible type or without fault period: a length of time

party: eveniment social la care particip un grup de persoane pentru a celebra ocazii speciale cu mncare, butur, dans pasaj: spaiu amenajat ntre dou rnduri de cldiri sau coridor al unei cldiri aezat la nivelul strzii, pe care trec pietoni sau rar vehicule dintr-o strad n alta pasiv: care nu reacioneaz n niciun fel, care este lipsit de iniiativ i de interes pentru ceea ce face, vede, inactiv / pasiv paaport: document oficial, care d cetenilor unui stat dreptul de a se deplasa n alt ar, servindule acolo ca act de identitate parol: cuvnt convenional sau formul convenional secret, folosit de membrii unui grup, care folosesc calculatorul ca mijloc de comunicare i de a putea vorbi n linite (siguran) peep show: shor erotic ce se poate urmri printr-o gaur

party: ltalban egy klnleges alkalombl szervezett trsasgi esemny, ahol a meghvott szemlyek esznek, isznak, tncolnak, szrakoznak alagt / tjr: ltalban plet hossz, keskeny folysja kt oldaln szobkkal vagy zrt sszekttt folyos passzv: ttlen, kzmbs, rszvtlen tlevl: klfldi utazsra jogost fnykpes okmny

titkos sz: titkos sz vagy szmkombinci, amit egymssal kommunikl szemlyek hasznlnak szmtgpezskor identitsuk felfedsekor

peep show: szexulisan izgat kp vagy elads nzse egy kis lyukon keresztl perfect: care ntrunete n gradul perfekt: valamely nyelvben, cel mai nalt toate calitile cerute, irodai munkban, tkletes, szinte desvrit, perfect tkletes perioad: interval de timp n peridus: valamely jelensg cursul cruia se desfoar un szablyosan ismtld szakasza; fenomen sau se petrece un idszak eveniment persona non grata: a person persoan non grata: persoan persona non grata: szemly, who is not wanted or wellcome care nu este agreat de un guvern, akinek jelenlte nem kvnatos in a particular country, becouse pentru c este inacceptabil egy bizonyos orszgban, mert they are not acceptable to its nem elfogadott a kormny ltal government perverse: a person pervers: care este nclinat spre perverz: nemi vonatkozsban intentionally acting in a way fapte rele gata oricnd s fac ru, termszetellenes, visszs that is unreasonable or harmful care manifest o deviere de la or unexpected normal a instictelor, a judecii, a ideelor descompus din punct de 39

picnic: a usually a cold meal taken with you to a place to be eaten outside in an informal way or an occasion on which sush a meal is eaten pilot: a person who flies an aircraft plastic: an artificial substance that can be shaped when soft into many different forms and has many different uses playboy: a rich man who spends his time and money on luxurious and a life of pleasure plaza: open area or square in a town,or a group of buildings including shops designed as a single development within a town poker: a game played with cards in which people try to win money from each other

vedere moral, depravat, imoral Picnic mas i petrecere sumar n aer liber, de obicei cu contribuia fiecrui participant pilot: persoan calificat, care conduce o aeronav plastic: cruia i se poate da prin modelare forma dorit, care poate fi uor deformat fr a crpa sau a se sfrma playboy: tnr elegant cu fizic plcut, care are succes la femei i duce o via uoar plaza: spaiu deschis ntr-un ora sau un grup de cldiri, care conin magazine pocher: numele unui joc de cri n care fiecare juctor dispune de cinci cri, cu care poate s ctige dac are contribuia cea mai bun sau dac reuete s-i conving pe adversari de acest lucru pool bar: loc amenajat pentru servirea buturilor alcoholice sau non alcoholice aproape de piscin ntr-un hotel

picnic: trsas sszejvetel, amelyre a rsztvevk visznek enni-innivalt pilta: replgp vezetsre kpestett szemly plasztik: puha, alakthat manyag playboy: gazdag, elegns, kellemes megjelens fiatalember, aki sikeres a nknl s aki pnzt luxusletmd folytatsra fordtja plaza: nyitott terlet vagy pletsorozat, zletekkel elltva

pker: trsas krtyajtk

pool bar: drinking place situated near a swimming pool in a hotel pool view: watered area (swimming pool ) that you can see from a particular place portal: a large and important looking entrance to a building

portion: a part or share of something larger

pool bar: alkoholos vagy alkoholmentes italok fogyasztsra alkalmas hely, kzel az szmedenchez egy szlloda terletn vedere spre piscin: piscina, care medencre nz / (ki)lts: se poate vedea dintr-un loc anume (r)lts egy medencre, vzzel teli helyre portal: intrare principal portl: szles, mutats belp, monumental ntr-un edificiu, de bejrat egy pletbe obicei ncadrat cu un chenar de piatr, de zid sau de lemn i bogat mpodobit porie: cantitate determinat porci: adag egy bizonyos dintr-un material, dintr-o mennyisg anyagbl, substan, dintr-un aliment vegyletbl, lelembl, ami destinat a fi utilizat dintr-o dat egyszer felhasznlsra volt 40

portrait: a painting, photograph, drawing of a person or of a group of people poster: a large printed picture, photograph or notice when you stick or pin to a wall or board premium: an amount which is more than usual

private: for the use of or belonging to one particular person or group, not to other people private beach: personal sandy area beside the sea, belonging to one particular person or group, not to other people private party: social event where a group of people meet to talk, drink, eat, dance belonging to one particular person or group privatize: if a government privatizes an industry, company or service that it owns and controls, it sells it so tht it becomes privately owned and controlled profesional: is a person who has the type of somebody that needs a high level of education and training profit: usually which is earned in trade or business especially after paying the costs of producing and selling goods and services programme: a plan of activities to be done or things to be achieved

sau ntr-un anumit intervalde timp portret: pictur, desen, sculptur, fotografie, care nfieaz chipul unei persoane poster: mod de prezentare a unei comunicri sub form de afie; afi care conine diverse imagini premiu: recompens material sau distincie acordat cuiva pentru merite deosebite obinute ntr-un domeniu de activitate la un concurs privat: particular, individual

kitallva portr: arckp, kpms poszter: nagy, nyomtatott kp, fot falra vagy reklmtblra ragasztva prmium: klnleges teljestmnyrt adott pnzjutalom

privt: a kzssgivel, hivatalossal ellenttben egyni, magn; tevkenysgt nem hivatali, kzssgi szevezet tagjaknt vgz private beach: teren cu nisip n private beach: apropiere de mare fiind magntulajdonban lv homokos proprietate privat aparinnd unei tengerparti terlet persoane sau unui grup party privat: eveniment privt party: magnszemly organizat n particular unde vagy csoport ltal szervezett persoanele invitate danseaz, esemny, ahol a meghvottak mnnc, beau i se distreaz esznek, isznak, tncolnak, szrakoznak a privatiza: a trece ntreprinderi privatizl: zemek, intzmnyek sau instituii din proprietatea llami tulajdonbl statului n proprietatea particular magntulajdonba val tttele

profesional: persoan cu o pregtire special, care lucreaz ntr-un anumit domeniu de activitate pe baza unei pregtiri corespunztoare profit: venitul adus de capitalul utilizat ntr-o ntreprindere reprezentnd diferena ntre ncasrile efective i totalul cheltuielilor aferente program: plan de activitate n care sunt stabilite(n ordinea desfurrii lor)etapele propuse pentru o perioad dat;

professzionlis: klnleges felkszltsg szemly, aki bizonyos szakterleten dolgozik megfelel felkszltsggel profit: a tks ltal kisajttott rtktbblet, elny, haszon

program: szabad id eltltsre, szrakozsra vonatkoz terv; kzleti krdsek megoldsra vonatkoz terv javaslat 41

project: a piece of planned work or activity which is completed over a period of time and intended to achieve a particular aim prostitute: a person usually a woman who has sex with someone usually a man for money psychology: the scientific study of the way the human mind works and how it influences behaviour or the influence of particular persons character on their behaviour pub: a building with one or more rooms where alcoholic drinks can be bought and drunk and where food is often available public bar: is a drinking room in a pub with planier furniture and sometimes lower prices than in the other drinking rooms public relations: is the activity of keeping good relationships between an organization and the people outside it public transport: buses, trains that are available for everyone tu use

desfurare a activitii(individuale ntr-o instituie) dup un astfel de plan. proiect: plan sau intenie de a projekt: terv, elgondols, ntreprinde ceva, de a organiza, de cselekves a face un lucru prostituat : femeie, care practic prostituia, trf psihologie: tiin care se ocup cu studiul proceselor i al particularitilor psihice; totalitatea proceselor, care condiioneaz o activitate pub: o cldire cu una sau mai multe ncperi de unde se pot cumpra buturi alcoolice i chiar mncare bar public: o ncpere ntr-un pub unde se servesc buturi alcoolice la un pre mai redus dect n celelalte sli relaii cu publicul: activitatea de a ntreine relaii bune ntre organizaii i oamenii din afara lor transport public: ramur a economiei naionale cuprinznd totalitatea mijloacelor rutiere, aeriene i navale care asigur circulaia bunurilor i a persoanelor publicaie: aciunea de a publica i rezultatul ei; faptul de a publica ceea ce se tiprete, se afieaz (n special tipritur cu apariie periodic) prostitult: az a hlgyszemly, aki pnzrt rulja testi kegyeit pszicholgia: llektan; aza atudomny, amely az emberi agy mkdsvel foglalkozik s bizonyos szemy viselkedsi mdozatait vizsglja pub: egy vagy tbb szobs plet, ahol alkoholos italokat vsrolhatnak s tel is kaphat kzbr: pubbeli italozsra alkalmas hely, kevs btorzattal, ahol olcsbb ron lehet alkoholos italokat fogyasztani public relations: az a tevkenysg, mikzben j kapcsolatokat tartanak fenn klnbz szervezetek s kls emberek kztt kzti kzlekeds: kzutakon lebonyolod forgalom

publication: the act of making information or strories available to people in a printed form or a book, magazine, newspaper, in which information or strories are publiched

publikci: sajt, hr, kzlemny, kzzttele a sajtban valamilyen hrdetmny tjn; rsmnek nyomtatsban val megjeletetse

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pudding: a sweet and usually hot dish made with pastry, flour, bread or rice and often fruit or the final part of a meal when this or other sweet dishes are eaten punch: a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruits juices, pieces of fruit and often wine or other alcoholic drinks quality control: is the process of looking at goods when they are being produced to make certain that all the goods are of the intended standard quarantine: a period of time during which a person or animal that might have a disease is kept away from other people or animals so that the disease cannot spread quiz: a game or competition in which you answer questions radar: a system which uses radio waves to find the position of objects which cannot be seen

puding: alimentar de origine englez ; fcut din fin, ou, grsime de vac, zahr, prune i aromat cu o butur alcoolic punci: butur fcut dintr-un amestec de rom sau alte buturi alcoolice cu zahr, lmie, portocale, diverse mirodenii control de calitate: analiz permanent, control de calitate sau periodic a unei activiti, a unor produse realizate pentru a fi sigur c toate ating standardele cerute carantin: izolare preventiv a unei persoane sau a unei colectiviti care a fost n contact cu un bolnav contagios sau care vine dintr-o regiune unde exist o epidemie quiz: un joc sau o competiie n cadrrul creia trebuie s rspunzi la ntrebri radar: aparat care emite unde electromagnetice i apoi le recepionez, dup ce au fost reflectate de un obiect, folosit pentru a detecta i a localiza un obiect prin msurarea timpului trecut ntre emisia i recepia undelor radio: aparat de recepie radiofonic, radioreceptor

puding: kevert, flvert, laza tsztbl fztt knny tel

puncs: rumbl s tebl zest anyagokkal ksztett forr ital minsgi ellenr: az a folyamat, amely ellenrzi bizonyos trgyak, tevkenysgek megfelelnek a krt s elvrt standardnak karantn: az a peridus (idtartam) amikor egy betegnek (raglyos) nyilvntartott szemly vagy llat klntett helyen van, hogy a betegsg ne terjedjen tovbb kvz: jtk vagy verseny, amelyben klnbz krdsekre kell vlaszolni radar: rdiloktor; rdiloktorral mkd megfigyel lloms

radio: a device for receiving and sometimes broadcasting sound messages that travel in the form of electriomagnetic waves, or the receiving ar sending of sound messages in this way raft: a flat floating structure for travelling across water often made of pieces of wood tied roughly together and moved along with a paddle (a

rdi: hangnak a trben sugrzott elektromgneses hullmokkal val tovbbtsa s az gy tovbbtott hang vtele

raft: structur plutitoare pe ap construit din lemn i mutat cu pedale

rafting: vizen sz szerkezet, fbl kszlt s pedllal mozgathat

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pole with a flat end) rally: a car or motorcycle race especially over long distances on public roads rap: (especially among black people) (to produce) a type of rythmic talking, which is spoken with a strong beat to music, often without preparation as entertainment rave: a party which takes place on a alarge building or open space where people dance and sometimes take illegal drugs

raliu: curs automobilistic de regularitate pe distane mari, combinat adesea cu probe speciale (de vitez, ndemnare) rap: muzic pentru oamenii de culoare, se produce o vorbire ritmic, care este acompaniat de o muzic puternic

rali: aut vagy motorverseny hossz tvon rap: (sznesbrek zenje) egy fajta ritmikus beszdmd hangos zenealfestsre

rave: parti, petrecere care are loc ntr-o cldire sau n spaiu liber unde oamenii danseaz i profit i de faptul c i pot procura droguri reception: desk in a place such recepie: serviciu ntr-o as a hotel office or hospital is ntreprindere hotelier, care are th area where you go when you evidena persoanelor aflate n fisrt arrive and where you ask hotel, face repartizarea n camere for information and where a solicitrilor your request will be dealt with reception room: is a room in a camera de recepie:spaiu, house where people can sit camer ntr-o cas unde oamenii together se pot ntlni receptionist: is a person who recepioner: persoan care are works in a place such as a nsrcinarea de a recepiona o hotel, office or hospital who lucrare, un material ntr-un hotel, welcomes and helps visitors birou sau spital i de a ntmpina and answers the telephone vizitatorii i de a rspunde la telefoane region: a particular area or part regiune: ntindere mare de (of the world) or any of the pmnt mai mult sau mai puin large official areas in which a omogen, dintr-o ar sau de pe country is divided glob, care prezint caractere comune, inut, zon register: (to put information registru: condic, caiet, sistem de especially your name) an fie n care se nregistreaz official list or record diferite date i acte cu caracter administrativ, comercial relations: between two people relaie, legtur: conexiune, or groups of people are the raport ntre lucruri, fapte, idei, way in which they feel and procese sau ntre nsuirele behave towards each other acestora. Legtura ntre dou sau mai multe persoane, popoare relax: to (cause someone to) a se relaxa: a se liniti, a se

rave: nagy pletben vagy nyitott terleten megrendezett parti, ahol drogokat is fogyasztanak alkalmanknt recepci: szllodban vagy krhzban az a hely, aholy elszr tbaigaztanak s ahol informcikkal ltnak el recepcis szoba: egy szoba hzban, ahova sszegylhetnek az emberek recepcis: szllodnak a vendgeket fogad eligazt rszlege

rgi: vidk, vezet; szellemi tevkenysgenek, jelensgnek bizonyos terlete regiszter: (betrendes) jegyzk (trgymutat) relci: viszony, kapcsolat, vonatkozs, viszonylat, sszekttets relaxaci: kevsb aktvnak 44

become less active and more calm ar to (cause a part of the body to) become less stiff report: to give a description of something or information about it to someone resort: a place that many people go for rest, relaxation or another stated purpose (seaside, beach, holiday, vacation, health resort) restaurant: a place where meals are prepared and served to customers road house: a restaurant or bar on a main road leading out of a city road show: a group of people who travel around the country in order to give shows for the public entertainment or the show itself rock: a type of popular music with a strong loud beat which is usually played with electric guitars drums room and board: a place to live and meals room service: in a hotel, room service is the serving of food and drink to customers in their room, or the people who do this work round tour: a journey made for pleasure, especially a holiday, visiting several different places rum: a strong alcoholic drink made from the juice of the sugar cane plant

destinde (dup un efort susinut) a deveni sau a face s devin mai puin ncordat reporta: aciunea de a reporta i rezultatul ei, descrierea sau informaii legate de o anumit persoan resort: loc care este vizitat de muli ani care vor s se relaxeze, s se duc n concediu pe malul mrii restaurant: unitate de alimentaie public, care prepar n buctrie proprie mncruri i se deschide contra cost mpreun cu buturi, n sli de mese special amenajate, han: bar sau restaurant situat pe lng un drum principal care duce la un ora road show: grup de persoane care cltoresc ntr-o ar pentru a oferi distracie pentru public rock : dans modern cu micri foarte vioaie, bine marcate, melodie dup care se exercit acest dans room and board: loc, ncpere, camer pentru a mnca i pentru a dormi room service: este un serviciu oferit clienilor ntr-un hotel fiind vorba de mncare sau butur ntr-o camer de hotel, denumirea persoanelor care servesc tur de plcere: cu tipic excursional pt. vizitarea diferitelor locuri rom: butur alcoolic, tare, obinut prin fermetarea (natural sau artificial) i distilarea sucului sau melasei din trestie de zahr ori din alcool rafinat cu adaos de

lenni, megnyugodni raport, jelents: politikai, kulturlis, sport esemnyt megrkt informci, beszmol, lers resort: az a hely, ahova az emberek relaxlni jrnak (tengerparti dl, egszsghyi resort) tterem, vendgl: az az tkez, ahol telt ksztenek s kiszolgljk a klienseket csrda / tmenti tkezde: ft mentn, vros fel vezet ton elhelyezett tterem vagy br road show: egy csoport, szemlyek, akik abbl a clbl jrjk az orszgot, hogy kzs showmsorukkal szrakoztassk a npet rock: egyfajta modern s energikus zene, hangos letsekkel, elektromos gitrhasznlattal s dobokkal room and board: tkezsre s alvsra alkalmas hely room service: egy szllodn belli szolgltats, tel, ital formjban, amelyet a kliens elfogyaszthat a szobban krutazs: kedvtelsbl vghezvitt tbb klnbz hely ltogatsa rum: cukorndbl, illetve szeszbl zestvel ksztett (vrsesbarna szn) ers szeszes kubai ital

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esene sintetice,colorat cu caramel rustic: simple and often rough rustic: ca la ar, de la ar in appearance typical of the imitnd anumite aspecte ale vieii countryside de ar, cmpenesc safari park: is a large parc safari: parc imens nchis enclosed park where wild unde sunt inute animale slbatice animals are kept and can move i se pot mica liber i totodat free and can be watched by pot fi vizitate liber de oameni n visitors driving through in their maini speciale cars safari: an organized journey to safari: expediie de vntoare n look at,or sometimes hunt, Africa. Raliu automobilistic wild animals especially in desfurat pe drumurile i n Africa condiiile din Africa safe box: a strong box or cupboard with special locks where valuable things especially money are kept safety belt: is a seat belt, used for the protection of the people in moving vehicles sailing boat: is a small boat with sails sale: an occasion when goods are sold at a lower price than usual sales: the period when many shops sell goods at a lower price than usual sales assistant: is someone who works is a shop serving customers sales departament: is the departament of a company that organizes and does the selling of the things it makes salon: a shop where you can obtain a particular service, especially conected with beauty or fashion

rusztikus: parasztos, faragatlan, falusi szafri park: zrt park terlet, ahol vadllatokat tekinthetnek meg a ltogatk erre megfelel autkkal

szafari: megszervezett kirnduls mialatt afrikai vadsz expedicin vehetnek rszt vagy specifikusdzsippekbl tekinthetnek meg vadllatokat seif: dulap sau lad de fier n care szf: pnz, bank, szlloda stb. se pstreaz de obicei ntr-o pnclszekrnynek rtktrgyak instituie bancar, bani, hrtii, megrzsre brelhet ketts zr obiecte de valoare, cas de bani rekesze, illetve az a helyisg, ahol ezek vannak centur de siguran: biztonsgi v: biztonsgot, echipament individual de veszly elhrtsra hasznlt v, protecie folosit n avioane csat, autban, repln val utazskor nav mic pus n micare de vitorls haj: vitorlval elltott pnze haj, csnak, vitorlzst sportknt z szemly lichidare, de vnzare: o ocazie n kirusts: lehetsg bizonyos care bunurile sau obiectele sunt rucikkek olcsbb vndute la un pre mai redus dect megvsrlsra de obicei lichidare: perioada n care kirusts: az a peridus, amikor magazinele vnd bunuri la un pre az zletek kirustanak mai mic dect deobicei asistent de vnzri: persoan eladsi gynk: az a szemly, angajat ntr-un magazin pentru a akit zletben alkalmaznak, hogy efectua vnzarea mrfurilor i az ruk eladsval foglalkozzon pentru a servi clientela s kiszolglja a klienseket departament de vnzri: eladsi rszleg: az a rszlege egy seciunea, departamentul unei zletnek, ahol az eladsok firme, care ofer vnzri pentru trtnnek produsele pe care le face salon: magazin n care i se ofer szalon: (szpsg) az aszpsggel, servicii speciale legate de divattal kapcsolatos zlet, ahol frumusee sau de mod klnleges bnsmdban rszeslnek bizonyos szemlyek 46

sanatorium: a special type of hospital, usually in the countryside, where people can have treatment and rest, especially when getting better after a long illness sandwich bar: is a small shop where you can buy sandwiches especially to eat during the working day sandwich: two pieces of bread, sometimes spread with butter with some other usually cold food between them

sanatoriu: instituie spitaliceasc(climateric sau balnear) pentru ngrijirea bolnavilor cronici, spital particular, cas de sntate sandwich bar: restaurant mic de unde se cumpr sandwich deobicei n timpul serviciului

szanatrium: kedvez fekvs helyen hosszabb kezelst ignyl betegek, lbadozk szmra val gygyintzet, klnleges knyelmet biztost magnkzben lev krhz szendvics br: kis zlet, ahol szendvicseket lehet vsrolni napkzben szendvics: hideg hsflvel, sajttal megrakott kis szelet vajas kenyr szsz: mrts, telek zestshez

sandvi: felie de pine (uns cu unt) cu un aliment rece (unc, salam, brnz) peste care se aeaz adesea a doua felie de pine, tartin sauce: a thick liquid eaten with sos: preparat culinar lichid sau food to add flavour vscos(de obicei condimentat) cu care se pregtesc sau cu care se servesc unele mncruri sauna: (a period of time spent saun: baie de abur, care const in) a room or small building n expunerea corpului la o often with wood fixed to the temperatur de 60-80 grade C, walls which is heated to a high produs prin stropirea unor pietre temperature, usually with poroase ncinse, dup care se steam activeaz circulaia prin lovirea corpului cu un mnunchi de nuiele i prin duuri reci scotch: is a strong alcoholic scotch: whisky scoian drink made in Scotland scuba diving: the sport of scuba diving: sport subacvatic cu swimming underwater with echipament special de respiraie special breathing equipment sea food: edible animals from fructe de mare: animale din mare the sea, especially fish and (pete) i vieti (scoici) creatures with shells season: a part of a year, sezon: perioad de timp a anului especially spring, summer, corespunznd aproximativ unui autumn or winter anotimp seat booking: for a previously bilet de loc: pentru un bilet de bought ticket buying the seat cltorie cumprat anterior (airplane or train) cumprarea biletului de loc (avion, tren) second hand: means not new second hand: nseamn la mna a and having been used in the doua, nefiind nou, folosit de past by someone else cineva n trecut

szauna: finn eredet, rendzseri hzi gzfrd, magas hmrskletre melegtve

scotch: Skciban ksztett ers alkoholos ital scuba diving: vzalatti sport, bvrkods specilis felszerelssel tengeri gymlcs: (tel) tengerbl szrmaz haltelek, kagylk szezon: vad, idny helyfoglals: elzetesen vsrolt jegyhez helyjegyet vsrolni (vonaton, repln) second hand: valami ami nem j, valaki ltal mr hasznlt

47

service station: is a building or a group of buildings near a road which sells fuel and might also sell food, drinks and other items that people want on their journey or which repairs cars sex appeal: sexual attractiveness sex shop : a shop which sells products connected with causing sexual pleasures, such magazines,clothing,equipment sex symbol: people who have the caracteristics that are very sexually attractive or exciting sexy: someone or something that is sexy or sexually attractive shampoo: a soupy liquid used for washing hair or for washing particular objects or materials sherry: a usually brownish or yellowish alcoholic drinks made from grapes which is stronger than wine and is drunk in small glasses ship board: happening or used on ship ship yard: a place where ships are built or repaired shipping: are the ships considered as a group or the sending of goods from one place to another, especially by ship shopping: is the activity of buying things from different shops shopping arcade: an arcade with shops

staie, benzinrie: cldire sau un grup de cldiri situate lng drum de unde se poate cumpra benzin, mncare, butur sau se pot repara maini sexapil: atracie, farmec deosebit, pe care l exercit o persoan asupra sexului opus sex shop: magazin care vinde produse folosite n special pentru a cauza plceri sexuale (haine, echipament, reviste) sex simbol: persoane care sunt caracterizate ca fiind foarte atractive i excitante din punct de vedere sexual sexi: cineva sau ceva, care este atractiv sexual ampon: produs cosmetic, care se prezint sub form lichid, de praf ori de crem, care conine spun sau detergeni, uleiuri, parfumuri i care este ntrebuinat la splatul prului sherry: butur aloolic preparat din struguri, ciree care este mai puternic alctuiete vinul i se bea n pahare mici ship board: ntmplat sau folosit pe un vapor antier de vase: loc unde sunt construite i reparate vapoare shipping: vase formnd un grup, care se ocup cu trimiterea anumitor bunuri dintr-un loc n altul shopping: activitatea de a face cumprturi din diferite magazine gang de shopping: gang sau trecere cu magazine

szervz megll: plet vagy tbb plet egyttes az t mentn, ahol benzin, tel, ital vsrolhat az utazk szmra s autkat is javtanak sex appeal: nemi vonnzer sex shop: az az zlet, ahol szexulis gerjeszt eszkzket rulnak, folyiratokat, ruhanemt, felszerelest szex szimblum: olyan szemlyek, akik nagyon ers szeulis vonzervel rendelkeznek szexi: valami vagy valaki, aki szexulisan vonz sampon: hajmos por, oldat

sherry: alkoholos, szlbl kszlt, srgs szn ital, amit tekzs eltt isznak ship board: hajn trtnt vagy hasznlt hajpark: ahol a hajkat ptik s javtjk shipping / hajs szllts: kereskedelmi rcikkek hajval val szlltsa shopping: hosszabb idtartam vsrls klnbz zletekbl shopping rkd: pletek kzti rkdokban elhelyezett zletek 48

shopping centre / mall: is an enclosed area in which there is a variety of shops show / public event: an event at which a group of related things are available for the public to look at (theatrical performance, Tv performance) show biz: is the part of the entertainment business which is considered to be the most popular but is often the last artistic or serius show home / show house: is a house or apartment which forms part of a group of similar houses or apartments and which has been decorated and filled with furniture as if someone lived in it, so that possible buyers of similar homes can see what their house might look like show man: approving man who performs especially something which is usually serious, in an entertaining way that attracts lot of attention show room: a large room in which people are encouraged to look at the goods that are on sale before buying them show: an event at which a group of related things are available for the public to look at shuttle: a vehicle or aircraft that travels regularly between two places single bed: a bed for only one person single decker: is a bus which has only one level single room: a room in a hotel

shopping centre / mall: spaiu mai mare dar nchis n care se afl diferite magazine show: eveniment distractiv public n cadrul creia diferite prezentri sunt vzute n public show biz: parte a unui spectacol, care este considerat cel mai popular, dar de multe ori este cel mai puin artistic cas de prezentare: cas sau apartament care formeaz un grup similar de case sau apartamente, care au fost decorate i mobilate pentru ca cei care au locuit n ele i sunt posibili cumprtori s vad cum artau

shopping centre / mall: nagyobb de zrt vsrlkzpont klnbz zletekkel show: nyilvnos szrakoztat esemny, rendezvny, bemutat

show biz: a legrdekesebbnek s legklnlegesnek tn szrakoztata msor bemutat hz: olyan eladsra val hz, mely teljes berendezsvel megtekinthet

show man: persoan apreciat, care prezint spectacol de calitate, care atrage multe clieni i atenie camer de prezentare: n care oamenii pot privi exponatele dedicate vnzrii nainte s le cumpere show: gen de spectacole muzicaldistractiv n care locul principal l deine recitalul unui actor shuttle: vehicul care circul regulat ntre dou locuri pat single: pat pentru o persoan ntr-o camer de hotel single decker: autobus cu un etaj camer single: camer de hotel

show man: az a szemly, aki minsgi szrakoztat msort ad el bemutat terem: tgas terem, ahol az emberek megtekinthetik azokat a killtott trgyakat, amelyeket ksbb megvsrolhatnak show: sznhzi, rdis vagy televzis elads, fleg amelyben nek, tnc vagy humor van; szrakoztat msor shuttle: kzlekedsi eszkz vagy repl, melynek rendszeres jrata van kt helyisg kztt egyszemlyes gy (hotel): egy szemly szmra single decker: egyemeletes busz single / egyszemlyes szoba: 49

for one person skate board: a short flat narrow board with two small weels under each end which a person stands on and moves forward by pushing one foot on the ground ski jump: is a competition in which people on ski move very fast down a specially made steep slope which turns up at the end and jump of from the bottom of it, landing on a lower level ski lift: is a machine containing of seats having down for a continuously moving wire which carries people on skis to the top of slopes which they then ski down sky diving: a sport in which a person jumps from an aircraft and falls for as long as possible before opening a parachute sleeping bag: is a large thick bag for sleeping in it sleeping car: is a railway carriage containing beds for passangers to sleep in slide show: presentation with the help of Power Point computer programme snack bar: is a small informal restaurant where meals can be eaten or bught to take away snack: a smaller than usual meal or a small amount of food that is eaten between meals often something produced specially for this purpouse snooker: a game played by two people on a cloth-covered table in which cues are used to

pentru o persoan skate board: plac din lemn sau plastic, echipat cu 4 roi mici, peste care o persoan se deplaseaz mpingnd placa cu un picior i innd pe cellalt pe plac sritura cu schi: competiie n care oamenii se deplaseaz foarte repede pe o pant i care la un anumit loc are o sritur dup care ajung la captul prtiei ascensor schi: mainrie cu scaune, care este n continu micare i transport turitii care schiaz

hotel szoba egy szemly szmra skate board: vkony fbl vagy manyagbl kszlt ngy kis kerek deszka, melyet egyik lbbal tolnak, msikkal pedig sklanak rajta sugrs: sncon val leskls, lendletvel vgrehajtott, replsszer nagy ugrs

sfelvon: szkkel elltott folytonos mozgsban lev felvon szerkezet, ami a sel embereket a plya tetejig szlltja sky jumping / sky diving: replbl val kigr sport s a lnyeg, hogy minl tbbet lebegjenek mieltt kinylik az ejterny hlzsk: zskszer meleg holmi, amelybe a szabadban belebjva alszanak alvkocsi, hlkocsi: kzleked, ggyal elltott kocsi, vonat stb. slide show: szmtgpes program segtsgvel kszlt bemutat snack bar: kis tterem, ahol gyorstel fogyaszthat vagy elvitelre megvsrolhat snack: kisebb mennyisg tel, kostol ftkezsek kztt

sky diving: sport practicat srind dintr-un avion i zburnd nainte de a-i deschide parauta sac de dormit: un sac, ptur larg n care se doarme cuet, vagon de dormit: vagon, care conine paturi n care cltoresc pasagerii slide show: prezentare fcut cu ajutorulunui program de calculator snack bar: mic restaurant deschis permanent unde se servesc gustri sau se cumpara pentru acasa snack: mas nu consistent, care se mnnc ntre mesele principale snooker, biliard: joc jucat de 2 persoane pe o mas nvelit n care se folsesc bile colorate ce

snooker, bilird: kt szemly jtszotta jtk, anyaggal bevont asztalon, ahol hat lyukba kell 50

hit coloured balls into six holes around the table in a fixed order snorkel: a tube which allows a swimmer under but near the surface of the water to breathe, fitting into the mouth at one end and sticking out above the water at the other snorkeling: swimming under but near the surface of the water using a tub which allows a swimmer to breath snowmobile: a vehicle for travelling on snow and ice which moves using a cham of that metal pieces which are over its wheels and is directed during a pair of skies at the trout soccer: football, a game in which two teams of 11 players try to kick or use their heads to send a round ball into the goal of the opposite side spa: an often fashionable town where water becomes one of the ground and people come to drink or lie or a place where people go in order to become more healthy by diving exercises, eating special food spa centre: a place where people go in order to became healthy by doing exercises, relaxation, eating special food sponsor: to support (a person, organization or activity) by giving money, encouragement or other help spray: a mass of very small

trebuie lovite i bgate n ase guri n ordine snorkel: un tub pus n gur cu ajutorul cruia se poate respira sub ap, dar deasupra apei

klnbz szn labdkat betgetni snorkel: egy hosszabb cs, ami arra alkalmas, hogy valaki a vz felsznn bvrkodni, llegezzen, gy, hogy az egyik vgt a szjba helyezi a msik vge pedig a vz fltt van snorkeling: felszni bvrkods egy cs segtsgvel, mely lehetv teszi a lgzst

snorkeling: not sub ap dar aproape de suprafa cu un tub, care i permite nottorului s respire. O parte a tubului se afl n gura nottorului cellalt capt deasupra apei sanie: vehicul cu traciune, care circul pe zpad sau pe ghea, care este susinut din piese de metal

hsznk / snowbile: jgen vagy havon mozg szerkezet, kt stalppal

fotbal: joc sportiv cu mingea ntre dou echipe de cte 11 juctori, fiecare dintre juctori cutnd s introduc mingea n poart celeilate echipe, lovind-o cu piciorul sau cu oricare alt parte a corpului, n afar de mini spa: localitate mic vestic pentru izvoarele naturale unde de obicei se duc oamenii pentru tratament sau pentru a avea grij de sntatea lor centru spa: centru de tratament folosit de persoane pentru a deveni mai sntoi prin exerciii, relaxare i mncare special a sponzoriza: a ajuta (prin donaii) o persoan, o organizaie, o activitate prin bani, ncurajare

foci, fotball: labdargs kt csapat ltal jtszott labdajtk 11 jtkossal, ami abban ll, hogy mindegyik jtkos igyekszik az ellenfl kapujba lni a labdt a lbval vagy brmely testrszvel, kvve a kezvel spa: termszetes forrsbl hres kisebb telepls ahova az emberek gygyulni jrnak s vigyzni az egszsgkre

spa kzpont: kezelkzpont, ahol az emberek egszsges letmdot sajtthatnak el klnleges tkezssel, relaxcival, tornval szponzor: anyagi, erklcsi segtsg szemly, szervezet, szmra

spray: substan pulberizat de un spray: tbb cseppben 51

drops of liquid carried inthe air sprint: can be a short and very fast race, such as the 100 m race squash: a game played between two or fourr people on a specially marked embosed playing ara which involves hitting a small rubber ball against a wall staff: the group of people who work for an organization stage manager: is the person who is responsable for the equipment and the use of the stage during a play or performance standard: usual rather than special, especially when thought of as being correct or acceptable standard room: usual room, place, rather than special starting date, starting point, starting time: is the place or time at which something begins station: a building or buildings and the surrounding area where trains stops or people to get on or off statistics: information based on a study of the number of items something happens or is present or other numerical facts status: the amount of respect, admiration or importance given to a person, organization or object

atomizator sprint: mrire a vitezei de ctre un concurrent la unele ntreceri sportive squash: joc jucat de ctre 2 sau 4 persoane constnd n aruncarea unei mingi de elastic (gum) ctre un perete cu ajutorul unei palete staf: grup de persoane, care lucreaz pentru o organizaie stage manager: persoan responsabil de echipamente, de lucrurile petrecute pe podium n cadrul unei piese sau a unui spectacol standard: norm sau ansamblu de norme care reglementeaz calitatea, caracteristicile, forma unui produs, document n care sunt consemnate aceste norme camer standard: camer cu dimensiuni normale, standard

terjeszthet, folykony illatost sprint: rvidtvfuts, vgta squash: kt vagy ngy szemly ltal jtszott jtk, ami abban ll, hogy kis mret gumilabdt tnek a falhoz staff, csapat: egy csoport szemly, akik egy szervezetnek dolgoznak sznpadmester: az a szemly, aki a sznpadi eladsok felszerelsrt felels

standard: valamely munknak szoksos mrtke, mintja, megkvnt sznvonal, elrsos, szabvnyos; lland, rendszeres; alapvet jelentsg standard szoba: norml mretekkel elltott, standard szoba loc de plecare, punct de plecare, kezdsi nap, kezdsi pont, timp de nceput: punct de plecare kezdsi id: az a nap, hely, id, / de primire / locul de unde pleac ahol valami elkezddik cineva sau de unde ncepe ceva staie: punct de oprire pe traseul megll, stcik: vrosi vagy unor vehicule publice destinat falusi kzlekedsben kt pentru urcarea i coborrea megllhely kztti tszakasz; cltorilor, a mrfurilor olyan megjellt hely, ahol a kzlekedsi jratok megllnak statistic: eviden numeric, statisztika: tmeges jelensgek, situaie cifric referitoare la folyamatok szmbeli adatait diverse fenomene(izolate sau sszegyjt, nyilvntart, elemz generale) numrtoare s feldolgoz tudomny; e tudomny cljt szolgl szmszer nyilvntarts, kimutats statut: act sau ansamblu de sttus: kinevezett dispoziii cu caracter oficial, prin alkalmazottaknak, illetve egy-egy care se reglementeaz scopul, munkakri, fizetsi csoportjuknak structura i modul de funcionare llomnya 52

steak house: a restaurant that specializes in serving steak steak: meat, especially from cattle usually sold as a thick slice, which can be cooked quite quickly stewardess / flight attendant: is a person who serves passengers on a ship or aircraft store card: is a small plastic card which can be used as a method of payment at a particular shop the money being taken from you at a later date store, department store: a place where you can buy goods or services; is only used of a department store or a very large shop which sells only one type of goods stripper: is someone whose job is removing all their clothing to entertian other people striptease: the activity in which a performer, usually a woman takes of their clothes in a way which is sexually exciting to the people who are watching studio apartment: can also be a small apartment designed to be lived in by one or two people studio: a room in which an artist, a painter, photographer works or a company making artistic, photographic products stupid: foolish or unwise, lacking judgement or intelligence style: approving high quality in appearance design or

unei organizaii,societi,asociaii steak house: restaurant specializat n prepararea i servirea crnii de viel steak: carne de viel, care se prjete foarte repede stewardess: persoana care servete pasagerii ntr-un avion sau pe vapor card din plastic, care poate fi folosit ca metod de plat la diferite magazine la o dat mai trzie dect cea a cumprturii magazin universal: magazin mai mare de unde se fac cumprturi i care vinde doar un singur tip de bunuri striper: persoan a crei ocupaie este s-i distreze pe ceilali dezbrcndu-se striptease: numr de cabaret n care dansatoarele se dezbrac (complet) n faa spectatorilor n cursul executrii unui dans studio apartament: poate fi un apartament de dimensiune mic, amenajat pentru o persoan sau dou studio: studio special amenajat n care lucreaz pictori, sculpturi, fotografi stupid: lipsit de sens, de raiune, de coninut, absurd stil: mod, fel de a fi, de a aciona, de a se comporta

steak house: tterem ami hs elksztsre s felszolglsra specializldott steak: vkonyra szeletelt gyorsan elkszthet borjhs stewardess / utasksr: repln vagy hajn utasokat kiszolgl szemly manyag krtya, ami bizonyos zletekben fizetsre alkalmas nem azonnal, hanem akr ksbbi idpontban ruhz: nagyobb zlethelyisg, ahol egyfle dolgokat lehet vsrolni

sztriptizel: az a szemly, akinek az a foglalkozsa, hogy msokat szrakoztasson vetkz szmval sztriptz: az a szrakoztat msor, mikzben egy szemly, ltalban egy n szexulisan izgat mdon levetkzik msok eltt stdi apartman: kis mret apartman egy vagy kt szemly szmra berendezve stdi: kisebb filmmterem, fnykpszmterem; mvszek ksrletez, tovbbkpz kre stupid: buta, brgy stlus: sajtos forma; mvszeti alkots (pldul zene, rsm 53

behaviour

suburb: an area on the egde of a large town or city where people who work in the town or city often live success: is the achieving of desired results sulphate: a chemical formed from sulfur, oxygen and another element sulphide: a chemical formed from sulphur and another element sulphur: a pale yellow element which exists in various phisical forms summer house: a small building in a garden used for sitting in during the summer sundeck: a part of a ship or a flat area beside or on the roof of a house where you can sit in order to enjoy the sun supermarket: a large shop which sells most types of food and other goods needed in the home supervise: to watch over an activity or job to make certain that is done correctly or to watch over someone to make certain that they are behaving correctly or are safe surfboard: a long board made of wood or plastic which is used for riding on waves as they come towards the beach

vagy ptszeti alkots, vagy akr ruha, hajviselet) ismtlden elfordul s jl beazonosthat egyedi formai jegyeinek sszessge, szemben a tartalmval suburbie: cartier mrgina al unui vrosszl: nagyobb vros szln ora (mare) elhelyezked laknegyed succes: rezultat favorabil, pozitiv (al unei aciuni) reuit, izbnd sulfat: sare a acidului sulfuric cu un metal sau cu un radical sulfid: chimicale formate din sulf i nc un element sulfur: compus al sulfului cu un metal cu un metaloid sau cu un radical organic, sare sau ester al acidului sulfuric cas de vacan: cldire mic situat ntr-o gradin i folosit n timpul verii sundeck: partea de sus a unui vapor de croazier sau a unui bloc, pe acoperiul cruia se poate relaxa bucurndu-se de soare supermarket: magazin mare, n care se pot cumpra mncruri de toate felurile plus tot ceea ce este necesar pentru uz casnic supraveghetor: persoan nsrcinat cu supravegherea cuiva sau a ceva siker: valamely tevkenysg szerencss kimenetele, j eredmnye; alkotssal, magatartssal kivvott tetszs szulft: a knsav valamelyik sja szulfid: a kn-hidrogn sja, a kn s valamely fm vegylete szulfit: a knessav valamely sja

htvgi hz: nyri vakcik vagy htvgi pihensek alkalmval hasznlt hzik sundeck: a hajnak egy rsze vagy hztetn kialaktott hely, ahol napozni lehet szupermarket: nagy zlet, ahol mindenfle telflesg vsrolhat s egyb otthoni cikkek is felgyel: felgyelettel megbzott; az a gondoskods, illetve ellenrzs, amellyel felgyelnek valakire, valamire szrfdeszka: vkony fbl vagy manyagbl ksztett deszka,amit arra hasznlnak a sportbl, hogy hullmokon cssszanak; lebeg fadeszka vagy manyag vitorlval 54

surfboard: o plac lung construit din lemn sau din plastic, care este folosit pentru a clri valuri

surfing: the sport of riding on waves on special boards symbol: a sign, shape or object which is used to represent something else

surfing: sport practicat cu surful pe valuri o plac special simbol: semn, obiect, imagine, care reprezint indirect (n mod convenional sau n virtutea unei corespondene analogice) un obiect, o fiin, o noiune, o idee, o nsuire, un sentiment symbolism: is the use of simbolism: curent n literatur i symbols in art, literature, films arta universal, susinut n Frana to represent ideas la sfritul sec XIX potrivit cruia valoarea fiecruia obiect i termen din lumea nconjurtoare poate fi exprimat i decifrat cu ajutorul simbolurilor, mod de exprimare, de manifestare propriu acestui curent symposium: an occasion at simpozion: discuie organizat pe which people who have great baza unor scurte expuneri asupra knowledge of a particular unei teme literare, filozofice, subject meet in order to discuss stiinifice de actualitate purtate de a matter of interest civa vorbitori n faa i cu participarea publicului syrup: a very sweet, sirop: lichid foarte dulce, colorat, sometimes thick light coloured care se bea dizolvat n ap liquid made by dissolving sugar in water take away: a meal cooked and take away: mncare preparat i bought ot a shop or restaurant comandat dintr-un restaurant, dar but taken somewhere else, dus n alt parte (n special often home to be eaten, or the acas) pentru a fi mncat shop or resaturant itself talk show: is a radio or TV talk show: program prezentat la programme in which ordinary radio sau tv, unde pot aprea people appear to discuss diferite persoane pentru a dezbate matters which are of interest or subiecte i probleme, care fac some part of their lives parte din viaa lor target: level or situation which you intend to achive tartar sauce: a cold white sauce containing small pieces of herbs and hot tasting vegetables int: nivel sau situaie la care ncearc cineva s ajung sos tartar: maionez picant preparat cu mult mutat(cu caperi i castravei acri)

elltva, amely szlfvsra sklik tavon vagy hullmon szrf: sport hullmlovagls egy vkony fa vagy manyag deszkn szimblum: jelkp, trgy, kp, ami indirekt mdon valamit jelent, felidz rzelmet, tletet

szimbolizmus: a mondanivalt szimblumokkal kifejez a XIX.XX. szzad forduljra jellemz irodalmi s mvszeti irnyzat

szimpozion: tudomnyos szervezett beszlgets egy elre meghrdetett tmrl

szirup: nagyon des, halvnyan sznezett hat folyadk vzben feloldsa take away: tteremben vagy zletben elksztett lelem, ami elvihet vagy akr otthon is elfogyaszthat talk show: rdi, illetve TV program, ahova egyszer szemlyek jelentkeznek megbeszlni, megvitatni a sajt letkkel kapcsolatos gondokat, tmkat cl: az a szint vagy szituci, amit valaki el szeretne rni tarts szsz: majonzbl bor s zestk hozzadsval kszlt hideg mrts

55

tax allowance: is the amount of income on which you do have to pay tax tax evasion: not paying tax is unlawful tax payer: a person who pays tax tax: usually pait to the government, usually a percentage of personal income or of the cost of goods or services bought taxi: a car with a driver whom you pay to take you somewhere tea garden: is either an outside restaurant where drinks and small meals are served, or a plantation tea house: small buildings in which tea is served tea room: a room in which tea is served tea: a drink made by pouring hot water onto dried and cut leaves and sometimes flowers, especially the leaves of the tea plant tequila: a strong alcoholic drink originally from Mexico terminal: the area or building at a station, airport or port which is used by passengers leaving or arriving by train, aircraft or ship terrace: a flat raised area

reducere de taxe: parte a venitului pentru care nu trebuie pltit tax evaziune fiscal: neplata taxelor este ilegal pltitor de taxe: persoan care pltete tax plat, tax: efectuat n favoarea bugetului de stat de ctre diferite persoane fizice sau juridice n cazul cnd acestea se bucur de anumite servicii sau drepturi taxi: main cu ofer pentru care plteti s te duc undeva verand / gradin: grdin amenajat ca un fel de restaurant unde buturile i mncrurile sunt servite (sau plantaie de ceai) ceainrie: o cldire mic n camerele crora se servete ceai verand: ncpere, gen teras, cu multe geamuri amenajat cu multe flori i plante, unde se pot servi buturi, mncruri, ceai ceai: butur obinut prin macerarea, infuzia sau decoctul frunzelor de ceai sau a unor plante medicinale tequila: butur tare, alcoolic original din Mexic terminal: teritoriu sau cldirilor o staiune de aeroport care este folosit de ctre pasageri pentru sosiri sau plecri cu un tren, avion sau vapor teras: construcie deschis, anex a unei cldiri, aezat la nivelul parterului, al unui etaj sau pe acoperi (servind ca loc de odihn sau de agrement) terapie: ramur a medicinii care studiaz mijloacele i metodele de tratament, precum i metodele de

adelengeds: adnak mltnyos krlmnyek miatt val elengedse vagy cskkentse adcsals: az a bntett, amellyel valaki adzsi ktelezettsge csalssal kivonja magt adfizet: olyan szemly, aki kifizeti adjt az llam fel ad: ktelez jelleg rendszeres (pnbeli) hozzjruls az llam vagy valamely kiszlet kltsgeihez taxi: taxamterrel flszerlt szemlyszllt braut tea kert, tez: kisebb tterem, ahol italokat s telt szerveznek vagy tea ltetvny tea hz: kis plet, szoba, ahol teaflket szerveznek teaszoba / veranda: kisebb veges erklyszer terem, ahol italokat s telt lehet fogyasztani tea: ital, forr vz ksztsvel, melybe klnbz aromj, z szrtott levelet, gymlcst helyeznek tequila: ers alkoholos ital, Mexikbl szrmaz terminl: az az plet, helyisg egy repltren, hajn, vonaton, amit az utasok rkezskor vagy elmenetelkor hasznlnak terasz: pletnek fldszinten, lapos tetn napon lev tartzkodsra alkalmas nyitott rsze terpia: gygykezels, gygymd, orvostudomny ga, ami klnbz kezelsi mdok s 56

therapy: treatment which helps someone feel better, go stronger, especially after an

illness thermal: is a large colomn of hot air raising from the ground

ticket: a small piece of paper or card given to someone usually to show that they have paid for an item or activity time table: list of times at which particular activities or events especially the arrival and leaving times of buses, trains are planned to happen tip: a small amount of money given to someone who has provided you with a sevice in addition to the official payment and for their personal use to surf: is to ride on a wave as it comes in towards land, while standing or lying on a special board toast: slice of bread made warm, crisp and brown by being put near a high meat toasted sandwich: one piece of bread heated until it is brown and hard and the food inside becomes hot toilet: usually a bathroom is also a room with a toilet in it; a bowl shaped device with a seat which you sit on or satnd near when emptying the body of urine oe excrement or another device used for this purpose toll: a small amount of money that you have to pay to use a road, cross a bridge tonic (water): a fizzy water with a bitter taste which can be

ntrebuinare a medicamentelor, tiina vindecrii bolilor, terapie termal: care izvorte cald din pmnt avnd de obicei proprieti terapeutice (despre o staiune) care are izvoare calde de ape minerale tichet: bucat de hrtie sau de carton imprimat, care asigur posesorului anumite drepturi tabel periodic: lista orarelor, activitilor, evenimentelor, sosirilor i plecrilor plnuite pentru autocare, trenuri pag: o sum mic de bani oferit cuiva contra unui serviciu pe lng plata oficial i pentru uz personal a surfa: stnd pe o plac plutitoare de lemn sau de material plastic, care servete la alunecarea pe suprafaa apei a celui care st pe plac pine (toast): o bucat subire de pine cald i crocant consumat cu carne subire toasted sandwich: dou felii de pine nclzite pn cnd devin crocante, iar mncarea dintre ele devine nclzit toalet, WC: baie care conine un vas, pe care se st confortabil i oamenii i fac nevoile

metdusok, gygyszerek fejlesztsvel foglalkozik terml: fldbl feltr meleg vz, melynek gygyhatsa van

jegy: kis mret papr vagy krtya, aminek felmutatsval bizonytjk, hogy fizettek az illet tevkenysgrt menetrend / rarend: id, illetve szemlyes tevkenysg; rkezs elmenetel (busz, vonat) menetrendszerinti listja csszpnz: kisebb pnzsszeg, amelyet valakinek egy szolgltats ellenben sajt hasznlatra adunk a hivatalos fizetsg mellett szrfzni: vkony fbl vagy manyagbl ksztett deszkval vizen csszni toast: vkony melegtett kenyr szelet, vkony hssal fogyasztva toasted sandwich: kt szelet kenyr barnra pirtva kztte felmelegtett tellel toilet: frdszoba; szoba lkvel elltva, ahol az emberek a mindennapi szksgleteiket elvgzik

tax: cantitate mic de moned pltit de obicei la traversarea unui drum sau a unui pod ap tonic: cu un gust acru care se poate bea separat sau mpreun

plyadj, hddj: kis mennyisg pnzsszeg, amit autplya vagy hd hasznlatakor kell kifizetni tonik: kesernys z vz vagy dt, ami fogyaszthat magra 57

drunk on its own or added to alcoholoc drinks topaz: a transparent yellow precious stone which is often used in jewellery topless: means wearing nothing on the upper part of your body fromthe waist to the neck topping: is a substance, esp. a sauce, cream or pieces of food, which is put on top of other food to give extra flavour and to make it look attractive: pizza topping, chocolate cream topping tour guide: a person who accompanies a group of other people while they are visiting a place or on area and he gives them detailed information about it tour operator: company which arranges holidays for people tourist class: on an aircraft or a ship is the ordinary travelling conditions that you get when you buy the cheapest tickets, which are less confortable than those you get if you buy more expensive tickets tourist: people who visit places for pleasures and interests trade mark: a name or a symbol which is put on a product to show that it is made by a particularproducer trade name: brand name trade price: the price at which goods are sold to shops by

cu alte buturi alcoolice topaz: silicat natural de aluminiu cu fluor, cristalizat n sistemul rombic, de obicei de culoare galben folosit ca piatr preioas toppless: nepurtnd nimic (hain) deasupra topping: sos sau buci de mncare care se pune pe mncare

vagy alkoholos itallal keverve topz: srgs, ritkn kkes, tltsz drgak; ebbl ksztett vagy dsztett kszer topless: meztelen felstesttel val jrkls topping: szsz vagy krm teldarabokkal, amit ms telre helyeznek, hogy job ze legyen pl. pizza, csokold

ghid turistic: persoan, care acompaniaz un grup de persoane n timpul vizitrii unui loc i le ofer informaii detailate despre acesta

tour guide / idegenvezet: az a szemly, aki egy csoportot ksr egy adott hely megltogatsa alkalmval s rszletes informcikat kzl

tur operator: companii care tur opertor: (utazsi iroda) cg, aranjeaz excursii pentru persoane amely emberek szmra kirndulsokat szervez tourist class: categorie (dup turista osztly: repln, hajn confort i tarif) a vagoanelor, nyjtott ltalnos szolgltats, compartimentelor, cabinelor amit akkor vesznek ignybe, ha pentru cltoria cu trenul, cu olcsbb jeggyel utaznak kevsb tramvaiul, cu vaporul. knyelmes krlmnyek kztt turist: persoan care practic turismul turista: termszetjrs, kirnduls; idegen klfldi vrosokat, tjakat kedvtelsbl ismeretszerzs vgett bejr, beutaz szemly cgjegyzs: iraton, run a cg nevnek hivatalos feltntetse; nyomtatvnyon, levlpapron, nyomtatott vagy rblyegzett cm mrkanv: kereskedelmi termk vagy fogalom egyedi neve termeli r: az a pnzsszeg (termeli), amivel eladjk az 58

nume de marc: simbol care reprezint un produs, fcut de un productor special nume de brand: numele identificator al unui concept pre de productor: preul care este pltit productorilor n

people who produce them rather than the price which the customer usually pays in the shop trade show: a large gathering at which companies show and sell their products and try to increase their business trade: the activity of buying and selling or changing goods or services between people trainer: is a person who teaches skills to people or animals and prepares them for a job, activity or sport training: the process of learning the skills you need to do a particular job or actvity transfer list: they are offering to sell him to another team transfer: to (cause) move from one place, position, job, vehicle, person or group to another translate: to change words into a different language or to change something into a new form especially to turn (a plan) into reality transport: to take (goods or people) from one place to another travel: to go from one place to another, as by car, train, plane, or ship; take a trip; journey

magazine pentru bunurile oferite i nu preul pltit de cumprtorul obinuit show comercial: la care companiile i expun produsele i doresc s-i extind afacerea comer: schimb de produse prin cumprare si vnzare, ramur a economiei n cadrul creia se desfoar circulaia mrfurilor trainer: persoan, care se ocup de instruirea persoanelor sau animalelor pentru o slujb, o activitate sau sport trening: procedeul prin care se deprind anumite cunostinte pentru o anume munca sau activitate list de transfer: se ofer s-I vnd unei alte echipe transfer: a se muta de la o instituie la alta; a se muta cu serviciul, cu vehiculul

zletnek a trgyakat s nem az, amit a vsrl fizet rte killtsi show: az a hely, ahova a cgek klnbz eladsra sznt cikkeiket killtjk az zlet terjesztse vgett kereskedelem: ruk adsvtelre irnyul gazdasgi tevkenysg trner, edz: sportol vagy llatok edzsvel foglalkoz szakember trning/kpzs: az a folyamat amely ltal bizonyos szakmai tudst sajttunk el, egy szakoktat rvn transzfer lista: ms cgek felajnljk az eladst transzfer: egyik helyrl a msikra val szemlyek, munkahely, csoport thelyezse fordtani: szvegeknek ms nyelven val (rsbeli) tolmcsolsa transzport: szlltmny; valahov szlltott, ksrt embercsoport utazs: hossz t megttele / zleti / lgi stb. utazsi gynk: az a szemly (utazsi iroda) amely jegyeket, szllodt, szobt biztost utazk szmra utazsi kiads / napidj: az a pnzsszeg, amit az alkalmaz fizet, az zleti gyeket intz 59

a traduce: a reda, a transpune un text, o fraz, un cuvnt dintr- o limb n alta. A transforma o mrime de o anumit natur ntr-o mrime de alt natur a transporta: a deplasa (cu un vehicul) bunuri sau persoane dintr-un loc n altul, a cra, a duce cltorie: aciunea de a cltori; drum pe care l face cineva ntr-un loc (mai deprtat), deplasare, drum, voiaj travel agent: is a person (or agent de cltorie: reprezentant travel agency) at a compny that oficial al unei instituii de turism arranges tickets, hotel rooms care organizeaz bilete, cazare, for people going on holyday or hotel pentru persoane care doresc making a journey s cltoreasc travel expences: are money diurn: indemnizaie pltit cuiva that your employer pays you pentru acoperirea cheltuielilor de because you are spending that deplasare n alt localitate n

amount or necessary travel to travel: (air travel, business travel) to make a journey over a long distance travellers check: is a piece of paper that you buy from a bank or a travel company and that you can use as money or exchange for the local money of the country trendy: 1. modern and inlfuenced by the most recent fashions or ideas; 2. is a person who is very influenced by the most recent ideas and fashions triple room: a room for three persons trolley bus: public transport vehicle pulled by, which travels along ordinary roads in towns and is powered by electricity that is collected from a wire above the road T-Shirt: a simple piece of clothing which covers the top part of the body and which has no collar and usually short sleeves turism: the business of providing services, such as transport, places to stay or entertainment for people who are on holiday turn away: 1. to change the direction in which you are facing or moving. 2. in tourism is used for the changes related to reservation twin bed: is one of a set of two beds which are each big enough for one person twin bedded room / twin room, or twin: a room with two such beds

interes de servicu a cltori: a face un drum spre un loc(mai) ndeprtat, a fi pe drum card, cec de cltorie: o hrtie procurat de la o banc sau de la o companie de cltorie prin care se pot scoate sau schimba bani ntr-o alt ar la mod: modern, influenat de cele mai noi tendine stilistice

alkalmazottaknak utazni: hossz t megttele / zleti / lgi stb. utaz csekk: egy darab papr amit egy bank vagy egy utazsi irodatl vsrolhat s klflsi orszgban helyi pnznemre vlthat trendi: moderm, divat ltal befolysolt szemly vagy irnyzat

camer triple: camer pentru trei persoane troleibuz : vehicul rutier de transport n comun cu traciune electric, asemntor cu autobuzul tricou: obiect de mbrcminte din tricot de bumbac sau de ln, care acoper jumtatea de sus a corpului i care se poart ca o cma sau ca un maiou turism: activitate cu caracter recreativ sau sportiv constnd din parcurgerea pe jos sau cu diferite mijloace de transport a unei regiuni pitoreti sau interesante dintr-un anumit punct de vedere turn away: 1. schimbarea direciei de mers sau micare. 2. n turism se folosete pentru schimbarea unei rezervri anteriore twin bed: un pat dintr-un set de dou paturi, care este de ndeajuns de mare pentru o persoan camer twin: camer cu dou paturi, aezat unul lng cellalt

tripla szoba: szoba hrom szemly szmra trolibusz : fels vezetkbl vett villanyrammal hajtott snhez nem kttt, gumikerek kzti jrm pol: pamutbl ksztett ruhanem felsrsz

turizmus: turista jelleg idegenforgalom, turisztikai termszejrs

turn away: 1. tirnyts, irnyvltoztats 2. turizmusban egy elzetes foglals knyszer megvltoztatsra vonatkozik twin bed: egy gy a ktgyas szetbl, amely elg egy szemly szmra twin szoba: szoba kt egyms mell helyezett ggyal

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universe: everything that exists, especially allphysical matter, including all stars, planets, galaxies in space university: a college or collection of colleges at which people study for a degree vacation, holiday: a period during the year when people dont go to work van: medium sized road vehicle used especially for carrying goods and which often has no windows in the sides of the back half or a similary sized vehicle with windows all round used for carrying more people than an ordinary car vanilla: a substance made from the seeds of a tropical plant which is used to give flavour to sweet foods variety: a type of entertainment, popular in the past, which includes several separate short performances, such as singing, dancing, magic tricks and telling jokes ventilate: to cause fresh air to enter and move around an enclosed space video camera: is a camera which records moving pictures and sound into a video tape view: what you can see from a particular place, or the ability to see from a particular place

universul: lumea n totalitatea ei, nemrginit n timp i spaiu. Globul pmntesc, mediul, cercul, lumea imediat n care triete cineva sau ceva, domeniu material, intelectual sau moral universitate: instituie de nvmnt superior cu mai multe faculti i secii vacan: perioad de odihn acordat elevilor (studenilor), muncitorilor la sfritul unui trimestru; concediu acordat unui salariat microbuz: automobil de dimensiuni mai mici dect un camion sau autocar dar care este folosit pentru tranportarea mrfurilor

univerzum: vilgegyetem, hatrtalan id s tr, amely magba foglalja a galaxisokat.

egyetem: bizonyos tudomnygak tantsval s kutatssval foglalkoz legfels fok oktatsi intzmny vakci: hosszabb iskolai sznet; valamely munkagyi tevkenysg szneteltetse kisbusz: kisebb mret auto, amelynek legtbbszr nincs ablaka s teherszlltsra alkalmas

vanilie: plant exotic erbacee, agtoare din familia orhideelor cu frunze crnoase i fructe aromatice n form de pstaie folosite drept condiment varietate: spectacol distractiv, uor alctuit din cntece, dansuri, numere de circ, recitri

vanlia: egy trpusi nvnynek des telek fszerl hasznlt illatos toktermse variet: szrakoztat nek, tnc s artista szmokat, vidm jeleneteket bemutat kisebb sznhzi msor, szrakoztat, vidm szmokbl ll msor ventilltor: villanymotorral forgatott szellztete berendezs video kamera: olyan szerkezet, amely hangot s mozgkpet rgzt videokazettra kilts: (r)lts egy helyrl, helyre

ventilaie: mprosptare a aerului (viciat) dintr-un spaiu nchis, ventilare, aeraie camer video: camer, aparat care nregistreaz imagini n micare i sunete pe o caset video vedere: ceea ce se poate vedea dintr-un loc anume

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villa: a house usually in the countryside or near the sea and often one which people can rent for a holiday village: a group of houses and other buildings such as a church, a school and some shops which is smaller than a town, usually at the countryside fishing / mining / farming / mountain / seaside VIP: a person who is treated better than ordinary people because they are famous or influential in some way visa: a special mark made in a passport which allows you to enter or leave a particular country vocabulary: all the words used by a particular person or all the words which exist in a particular language or subject voucher: a piece of paper that is a record of money paid or one that can be used to pay for particular goods or services or that allows you to pay less than usual price water polo: is a game played in water in which two teams of swimmers try to get the ball into the other teams goal water skiing: a kind of sport that you do on water with ski pulled by a small motorboat waterproof: not allowing water to go through WC: abbreviation for water closet

vil: locuin cu nfiare voit rustic, elegant i spaioas situat ntr-o grdin sau pe malul mrii sat: aezare rural cu case i cldiri mai mici, biseric, coal, mai mic dect un ora sat pescresc, de mine, ferm, montan

villa: kertes lakhz, nyaral; tbb laksos vrosi villa falu: (mezgazdasgi jelleg) nem zrt ptkezs csoportos telepls hzakkal, iskolval, templommal, nhny zlettel; kisebb mint egy vros (halsz / bnysz / hegyi) VIP: szemly, akit sokkal jobb bnsmdban rszestenek mint ms szemlyeket mert hresek s befolysosak vzum: tlevl lttamozsa valamely llam kvetsge ltal a beutazs engedlyezsre sztr: valamely nyelv szavainak jelents rszt betrendben tartalmaz s ugyanazon a nyelven rtelmez vagy a szavak idegen nyelv megfelelit kzl knyv voucher: az a papr, amely igazolja egy pnzsszeg kifizetst vagy specilis szolgltatsok, rleszlltsok ignybevtelre jogost vzi pol: vzi jtk, amelyben kt szcsapat azon igyekszik, hogy az ellensg hljba glt ljn vzis: az a sport, amit specilis slccel znek egy kisebb motorcsnakkal vontatva vzhatlan : nem engedi t a vzet WC: toalett

vip: persoan foarte important, tratat mai atent i mai bine dect celelalte persoane pentru faptul c este cunoscut sau influent viz: a aplica o viz pe un act oficial (paaport) cu care te poi deplasa dintr-o ar n alta vocabular: totalitatea cuvintelor unei limbi; totalitatea cuvintelor folosite n mod efectiv de cineva n exprimare i care variaz de la o categorie de vorbitori la alta voucher: o hrtie cu care se adeverete plata unei sume de bani sau care poate fi folosit pentru a plti bunuri sau servicii particulare sau care te ndreptete pentru o reducere de pre polo pe ap: sport practicat de ctre dou echipe, care ncearc reciproc s marcheze n plasa celuilalt cu o minge schi pe ap: sport practicat pe ap cu ajutorul unor schiuri speciale trase de un vapor cu motor impermeabil / rezistent la ap: care nu las s treac prin el un fluid WC: toalet

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weekend: Saturday and Sunday and sometimes Friday evening ehen people do not go to work welcome speech: to meet or speak to someone in a friendly way when they come to the place where you are wellness (centre): a place where particular features of health can be tested window shopping: you spend time looking at the goods on sale in shop windows without intending to buy any of them windsurf: sailboard trademark; a narrow board with a sail fixed to it which you hold, standing up while the wind blows you along the surface of a sea or a lake wine bar: is a bar or small restaurant which serves mainly wines winter sports: are sports that are done on now or ice withholding tax: is the sum of money taken from a persons income and paid directly to the government by their employer work experience: is the experience that a person has of working work permit: is an official document which gives permission to someone who is foreign to work in a country working capital: is the money of a company which is immediatelly available for business use rather than money for investments or property

weekend : timp liber de la sfritul sptmnii welcome speech: vorbe adresate ca primire clduroas pentru persoanele care sosesc la un anumit loc centru wellness: centru unde diferite metode de ntreinere a sntii pot fi testate expo vitrine: cu intenia de a se uita pentru vnzare la exponate fr a avea intenia de a cumpra ceva windsurf: plac plutitoare de lemn sau de material plastic care servete la alunecarea pe suprafaa apei acelui care practic surfingul restaurant sau bar mic specializat pentru vnzarea n special a diferitelor vinuri sporturi de iarn: sporturi care se practic pe zpad sau pe ghea impzozit: tax reinut de angajator din salariul angajatului

htvge / weekend: szombati s vasrnapi pihennappal kapcsolatos relaxls, foglalkozs welcome speech: kedves, bartsgos beszd, fogadtats bizonyos ltogatk szmra wellness kzpont: kzpont ahol klnbz egszsg-polsi mdokat lehet kiprblni kirakat vsrls: zletek kirakatnak bmulsval tlttt id, de nem vsrls cljbl windsurf: hullmlovagls egy vitorlval elltott deszkn, llhelyzetben befogva a szelet a tenger vagy egy t felsznn bor br: br vagy kisebb tterem, ahol kimondottan borflket szolglnak fel tli sport: sport, melyet jgen vagy havon znek

adfizets: az az adfizets, amikor az alkalmaz visszatartja az alkalmazott adrszt az llam szmra experien n domeniu: munkagyakorlat, tapasztalat: a totalitatea cunotinelor pe care munkban clszer megoldsokat oamenii le dobndesc n intervalul tall s alkalmaz unei experiene de munc foglalkozsmd permis de lucru: autorizaie munkavllals: hivatalos scris, eliberat de un for dokumentum, ami arra jogost fel competent, n virtutea creia szemlyeket, hogy klfldn cineva poate exercita o profesiune munkt vllaljanak sau poate beneficia de anumite drepturi fond de rulment: suma de bani forg alap: az a pnzsszeg egy care sunt pui n firm pentru a cg szmra, amely rgtn zleti sigura plile imediate ale firmei rendelkezsre ll

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workshop: a meeting of people to discuss or perform practical work in a subject or activity yacht: a boat with sails (or engine) used for either racing or travelling on for pleasure youth club: is a place that order children can go to in order to meet other children play sports and do other social activities youth hostel: is a place where especially young people can stay cheaply for short periods when they are travelling zink: a chemical element, a white metal that is used in making other metals or for covering other metals to protect them zoo: an area in which wild animals are kept so that people can go and look at them or study them

workshop: activitate de grup pentru a finaliza un proiect iaht: nav mic i elegant, cu pnz sau cu propulsie mecanic pentru un numr mic de pasageri folosit pentru cltorii de plcere club pentru tineret: asociaie menit s creeze membrilor (copiilor mai n vrst) condiii favorabile pentru desfurarea unei anumite activiti(cultural educative-sportive) n timpul liber youth hostel: cazare pentru tineri, loc unde n special tinerii i pot petrece perioade scurte (tip cazare) zinc: element chimic, metal de culoare alb-albstruie ntrebuinat n industrie att singur ct i sub form de aliaje zoologie: spaiu nchis n care sunt inute animale slbatice n captivitate pentru a putea fi vizitate i studiate de oameni

workshop: szemlyek tallkozsa bizonyos tevkenysgek vagy megbeszlsre szorul tmk kzs kibontakozsra jacht: sportolsra, (fnyz) szrakozsra hasznlt, lakhat, gyors kis haj ifjsgi klub: az a hely, ahova idsebb gyerekek jrnak, hogy ms gyerekekkel sporttevkenysgeket vgezzenek fjusgi szll: tutaz fiatal vendgeknek olcsn szobkat biztost hotel zink: kkesfehr, merev, kristlyos szerkezet fm; horgany, ennek valamely vegylete zoo / llatkert: az az elkertett hely, ahol vadllatokat tartanak az emberek szrakoztatsra vagy az llatok tanulmnyozsa vgett

Anexa II. 64

CHESTIONAR Prin completarea acestui chestionar dorim s aflm i s prezentm prerea Dvs. n legtur cu prezena, integrarea i rolul cuvintelor i expresiilor de provenien englez din limba maghiar, respectiv influena acestora asupra vocabularului. V rugm subliniai rspunsurile corspunztoare prerii Dvs. 1. La ce nivel vorbii limba englez? a) deloc nceptor mediu da avansat nu

b) Dispunei de atestat de limb englez?

2. Care este n opinia Dvs. domeniul, n care se folosesc cele mai multe cuvinte de origine englez n limba maghiar? stiin tehnic informatic domeniul bancar turism

3. Care sunt domeniile caracteristice din care provin majoritatea cuvintelor de origine englez folosite de Dvs.? stiin tehnic informatic domeniul bancar turism

4.Ct de des folosii aceste cuvinte? deloc rar destul de des foarte des

5. Ct de des sunt folosite aceste cuvinte n mediul Dvs.? deloc rar destul de des foarte des

6.Observai de obicei dac n anturajul Dvs. se folosesc cuvinte strine? deloc rar destul de des foarte des

7. Considerai c este deranjant folosirea acestor cuvinte strine? 65

 da

nu

8. Ct de important credei c este integrarea acestor cuvinte n limba maghiar? nu este important important foarte important

9. Care este opinia celor din jurul Dvs. (rude, colegi, prieteni) despre folosirea cuvintelor strine? negativ indiferent pozitiv

10. Cum reacioneaz cei din jurul Dvs. (rude, colegi, prieteni) n cazul n care folosii cuvinte de origine strin? sunt mpotriv sunt indifereni accept

11. Enumerai cteva cuvinte sau expresii de provenien englez, folosite n domeniul turismului, care v vin n minte n mod spontan? ............................................................................................................................................... . 12. n opinia Dvs. ce categorie de oameni folosesc de obicei urmtoarele cuvinte din domeniul turismului? airport bus, voucher, check in, cash, low-cost, last minute, visa, shopping, city tour, cruise, rent a car, etc. cu studii generale cu studii medii cu studii medii de specialitate cu studii superioare cu studii MA/ PHD 13. Numerotai urmtoarele expresii de la 1 la 10, n funcie de densitatea folosrii acestora: airport bus incoming voucher tour oprator animator 66

guide low-cost business class check in transfer 14. n ce circumstane ntlnii de obicei expresii de acest gen sau asemntoare? n convorbiri cu prietenii n media la agenii de turism 15. Care este domeniul Dvs. de specialitate? ............................................................................................................................................... 16. Aproximativ de ct timp v-ai ntlnit n limba vorbit cu astfel de cuvinte sau expresii asemntoare? recent 2-1 ani 5-4 ani 10-8 ani 20-15 ani n domeniul de specialitate

17. Suntei de acord cu utilizarea acestor cuvinte cu toate c au denumire corespunztoare n limba maghiar? deloc de obicei nu ocazional de acord

18. De ce considerai c este corect folosirea acestor cuvinte? majoritatea nu au denumire n limba maghiar nu cunosc denumirea n limba maghiar denumirea n limba maghiar nu corespunde perfect cu sensul originalului majoritatea oamenilor folosesc cuvintele engleze sunt mai uor de reinut se integreaz rapid i uor n limba maghiar dup integrare pot fi maghiarizai altceva: ..................................................................................................................

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19. Care sunt expresiile cele mai des folosite n opinia Dvs.? Alegei cinci variante. arrival half board target check in front office fast food all inclusive wellness cash pool hostel low-cost manager voucher airport bus

a) pe care le cunoatei din cuvintele de mai sus: ......................................................................................................................................... . b) pe care le folosii din cuvintele de mai sus: ......................................................................................................................................... . 20. Enumerai varianta maghiar a celor cinci expresii subliniate: ............................................................................................................................................... . 21. nelesul cror expresii v este familiar n limba maghiar dintre urmtoarele: pool bar, comission, customs, direct mail, money transfer, rafting, self service, tax refund, youth hotel, welcome drink, beach buggy 22. Urmtoarele propoziii conin expresii de provenien englez. Traducei acestea n limba maghiar. Head office-ul a cerut un target mai mare de la agenii pentru acest sezon. ...................................................................................................................................... Din cauza unui turn away turitii au fost cazai n bungalow-uri. ..................................................................................................................................... Pentru serviciul all inclusive se pltete separat.

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...................................................................................................................................... 23. Subliniai perechea din expresiile pe care le folosii mai des. hotel arrival restaurant last minute apartman guide sau sau sau sau sau sau szlloda rkezs tterem olcs t(azsi) lehetsg lakosztly idegenvezet

24. Care dintre cuvintele de mai jos sunt folosite cel mai des de ctre Dvs.? arrival restaurant last minute apartman guide

25. Cum ai scrie fonetic varianta maghiarizat pentru urmtoarele expresii? (Nu ne referim la traducere.) manager, juice, stewardess, safe box, transfer, service, buggy, voucher, night club, surf, baby sitter, discount, jeep, bunjee jumping ......................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ 26. Unele expresii de provenien englez, fiind la mod n ceea ce privete folosina lor, imit cultura, stilul de via i obiceiurile de consumerism american. Considerai c imaginea american exterioar aduce profit pentru comerciani? da nu

27. Ptrunderea cuvintelor strine (engleze) n limba maghiar i folosirea lor mbogete sau duneaz vocabularului? mbogete duneaz

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V rugm s ne oferii cteva date personale pentru prelucrare statistic. Limba vorbit: romn englez alt limb: ................................................. Sexul: F M

Anul naterii: ............................. Domiciliul stabil: Studii: urban rural MA/PHD

medii

superioare

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