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YRMZIVWEP HMR 1867 1867 4EZMPMSRYP EQIRENEX WYF RHVYQEVIE PYM 3HSFIWGY
SF'MRI YR JVYQSW WYGGIW HI TYFPMG. R WGLMQF, WGVMMXSVYP ZE EZIE RIWJV#MXI
RGYVGXYVM HI SVHMR 3RERGMEV.
1868 4IXVIGI GXZE XMQT PE 4IXIVWFYVK, HI YRHI WI VIRXSEVGI R 'EV
HYT QEM QYPX HI YR ER HI EFWIR'.
1869 EYKYWX: QTVIYR GY :. %. 9VIGLME IWXI HIPIKEX PE 'SRKVIWYP HI
ERXVSTSPSKMI #M EVLISPSKMI TVIMWXSVMG HI PE 'STIRLEKE, YRHI ZE WYW'MRI
GSQYRMGEVIE %RXMGLMX'MPI TVIMWXSVMGI HMR 6SQRME.
* * ' <:--
1870 ETVMPMI: RWS'MX HI '. 'SQGWGY TPIEG R +VIGME TIRXVY I\TPSVVM HI
MRXIVIW #XMMR'M3G PE QRWPMVMPI HI PE %XLSW. 7ITXIQFVMI, 10: 0E TVSTYRIVIE PYM
%P. 4ETMY -PEVMER IWXI EPIW QIQFVE EP %GEHIQMIM.
3GXSQFVMI: )\GYVWMI #XMMR'M3G R -XEPME GY QSQIRXI HI QEVI IYJSVMI R
JE'E QSRYQIRXIPSV #M TVMR QY^IIPI HMR 1MPERS, &SPSKRE, 6EZIRRE, *PSVIR'E,
6SQE.
1771 -RXIRW EGXMZMXEXI R WMRYP %GEHIQMIM, QEM EPIW R HMVIG'ME
GSQFEXIVMM I\EKIVVMPSV PEXMRM^ERXI EPI HMG'MSREVYPYM 1EWWMQ-0EYVMER. 'Y EGIWX
TVMPIN VIHEGXIE^ GIPIFVYP 4VERHMYQ EGEHIQMG, #EVN PMVMG JV QEPM'MI.
1872 'SPEFSVEVI PE 'SPYQRE PYM 8VEMER E PYM &. 4. ,E#HIY.
1873 MERYEVMI 18: :SVFI#XI PE %XIRIYP 6SQR HIWTVI 8I^EYVYP HI PE
4MIXVSEWE.
*IFVYEVMI, 15: R 'SPYQRE PYM 8VEMER WIQRIE^ TEQ4IXYP 4ERRYVM
EVLISPSKMGI HMR PYPIPI TVIMWXSVMGI PE EHVIWE PYM '. &SPPMEG.
(IGIQFVMI 9: )WXI HIWIQREX QIQFVY GSVIWTSRHIRX EP -RWXMXYXYPYM
EVLISPSKMG HMR 6SQE. (MTPSQE RQREX PYM 3HSFIWGY TSEVX WIQRXYVE
WEZER'MPSV 0ITWMYW #M 1SQQWIR.
1874 2YQMX HMVIGXSV EP 8IEXVYPYM 2E'MSREP HMR &YGYVI#XM R ' ZIHIVIE
VIWXEYVVMM #M QSHIVRM^VMM EGIWXYME.
. -YRMI: #M WVFXSVI#XI ERMZIVWEVIE E 40 HI ERM TVMR ETEVM'ME YRIME
HMRXVI PYGVVMPI, WEPI JYRHEQIRXEPI: 4WIYHSOMRIKLIXMOSW.
%YKYWX: R GEHVYP WIWMYRMM ERYEPI EGEHIQMGI IWXI EPIW ZMGITVI#IHMRXI EP
WIG'MIM HI MWXSVMI #M EVLISPSKMI. 3GXSQFVMI 22: #M MREYKYVIE^ TVIPIKIVMPI HI
EVLISPSKMI PE 9RMZIVWMXEXI.
1875 %FWSVFMX XSXEP HI VWTYRHIVMPI HMVIGXSVEXYPYM XIEXVEP, TIRXVY GEVI R
XSEQR JEGI #M YR ZSMEN PE 4EVMW.
1876 MYPMI: RPSGYMX PE HMVIG'ME 8IEXVYPYM TVMR '. 'SVRI WIY, WI HIHMG
EGXMZMX'MM NYVREPMWXMGI PE 6SQRYP PYM '%. 6SWIPXM.
1877 4EVXMGMT EGXMZ PE 6SQRYP PE GEQTERME HI TVIW TIRXVY S
EXMXYHMRI HIQR RE'MSREP JE' HI TYXIVIE SXSQER #M I\EPX WIRXMQIRXYP
WYZIVERMX'MM #M MRHITIRHIR'IM: 4VS<:--- KVI#YP I PIKIE GSRHYGXSEVI E
RE'MYRMPSV #M GIPIM VSQRI, TSVRMX TI GEPIE PYM, RY-P IWXI MIVXEX E WXE QYPX TI
PSG, GRH GE TYMYP HI ZYPXYV #M WMQTXI TIRI GVIWGYXI PE EVMTM. 'XIZE ^MPI
RYQEM REMRXIE TVSGPEQVMM -RHITIRHIR'IM XPQGIE EWXJIP GSQERHEQIRXIPI
GPMTIM: 4MEV EGYQ HMRXVI RSM MRMQMPI GSHEGI. 7 PWQ R PXYVM TSXIGMPI
TMI^M#I #M, GPGRH HVITX REMRXI GXVI 'IPYP WTVI GEVI EQ REMRXEX XVITXEX R
GYVW HI HSY^IGM HI ERM, W RY QEM TVIKIXQ E^M, GRH XSXYP RI QFSPHI#XI E
E3VQE GY ZSVFE #M GY JETXE G ZSMQ #M TYXIQ W 3Q YR WXEX MRHITIRHIRX.
7ITXIQFVMI: /WI HIGIVRIE^ QEVIPI TVIQMY EGEHIQMG TIRXVY -WXSVME
EVLISPSKMIM, VIGIRX XMTVMX. 7I SGYT HI IHMXEVIE WGVMIVMPSV PYM &PGIWGY.
1878 JIFVYEVMI 14: R GEHVYP GSRJIVMR'IPSV %XIRIYPYM ZSVFI#XI HIWTVI
1S'MM #M 'YVGERMM.
1879 R YVQE YRSV RIR'IPIKIVM TYFPMGI WI I\TEXVME^ ZSPYRXEV, QEM RXM
R )PZI'ME, YRHI RY M^FYXI#XI W WI EGPMQEXM^I^I, ETSM R *VER'E, YRHI EZIE W-
P YVQI^I #M JEQMPME.
1881 SGXSQFVMI: 2YQMX WIGVIXEV HI PIKE'MI PE 4EVMW.
1882 :ME' ERXVIRERX R QIHMYP HMTPSQEXMG. 7I SGYTE GY WXVRKGVGE HI
HSGYQIRXI MWXSVMGI HMR EVLMZIPI JVERGI^I #M GY TVIKXMVIE WXYHMYPYM 8I^EYVYP
HI PE 4MIXVSEWE.
1775 QEVXMI: #M H HIQMWME HMR HMTPSQE'MI TIRXVY E WI HIHMGE PYGVYPYM
PE 8I^EYV. +VIE WMXYE'MI QEXIVMEP HMR TVMGMRE PMTWIM WYFZIR'MMPSV HMR MEV. 7I
RVYX'I#XI #M WXEVIE WRX'MM WEPI.
1886 RSMIQFVMI 28: (YT PYRKM WYJGVMRMM, 'E'MRIE 3HSFIWGY WI WXMRKI
HMR ZME'.
1887 6IZMRI R 'EV TIRXVY WIWMYRIE %GEHIQMIM #M R WTIVER'E HI E
SF'MRI JSRHYVMPI RIGIWEVI VQRGVMM QEM HITEVXI PE 4EVMW, HEV HIQIVWYVMPI ZSV
HYVE QEM FMRI HI YR ER.
R EYKYWX P TMIVHI TI FYRYP TVMIXIR HMR XMRIVI'I, TSIXYP +ISVKI
'VIM^MERY, EPI GVYM QIVMXI PI IZSG GY TEXLSW. 'SPEFSVIE^ PE ^MEVYP )TSGE.
1789 R 3RI, HYT ERM HI QYRG #M HI TVMZG'MYRMM ETEVI, R GSRHM'MM
KVE3GI I\GIT'MSREPI 8I^EYVYP HI ME 4MIXVSEWE. R XSEQR EGGITX W TVIHIE
GYVWYVM PE PMGIYP TEVXMGYPEV <-< GSRHYW HI %RKLIP (IQIXVMIWGY, QSHEPMXEXI HI
SEVIGEVI VIGSRJSVXEVI 3RERGMEV.
1891 SGXSQFVMI: 4VIME GSRHYGIVIE "GSPMM 2SVQEPI 7YTIVMSEVI.
1892 QEVXMI: 'SRJIVIR'ME^ PE %XIRIY, R TSPIQMG GY ,EWHIYJ HIWTVI
9R PIEG QTSXVMZE GSTMPVMIM RSEWXVI.
1894 MYPMI: )\XIRYEX, #M GEYX SHMLRE RXV-S WGYVX ZEGER' R RSVHYP
8VERWMPZERMIM.
R HIGIQFVMI WI #M ZIHI RIZSMX W VIRYR'I PE HMVIGXSVEXYP "GSPMM 2SVQEPI
GEVI M HE TVIE QYPXI KVMNM.
1895 7RXEXIE HMR GI R GI QEM TVIGEV, WMXYE'ME QEXIVMEP
QTSZVXSEVI, MRWEXMWJEG'MMPI HI SVHMR WSGMEP #M TIVWSREP P HYG RXV-S WXEVI HI
TVFY#MVI PYRXVMG JV MI#MVI, GVIME M ZE TYRI GETX HVEQEXMG, VIRYR'RH PE
ZME' R ^MYE HI 10 RSMIQFVMI. 0E 12 RSMIQFVMI IVE GSRHYW TI YPXMQYP HVYQ HI
S QYP\ 'MQI HI GVXYVEVM, TVSJIWSVM, JS#XM IPIZM, TVS JYRH RHYVIVE'M HI
TVIQEXYVE HMWTEVM'MI. R JE'E QSVQRXYPYM HIWGLMW HI PE &IPPY, -. -SRIWGY-+MSR
XPQGIE WIRXMQIRXIPI XYXYVSV, WTYRRH: 1M-EV XVIFYM KPEW VSQRIWG QEM
HYPGI GEJEKYVYP HI QMIVI, QEM VWYRXSV GE FYGMYQYP HI TVMQINHMI HMR
ZVIQYVMPI HI RIRSVSGMVI EPI WXVQS#MPSV RS#XVM, QM-EV '. 8VIFYM, S, RZ'XSVYPI
RIEWIQYMX HI MYFMX EP XMRIVMQIM VSQRI, KVEMYP XY, GE W WTYR EMGM, R TVEKYP
QSVQRXYPYM #M QEM XV^MY TIRXVY HITVXEXE ZMMXSVMQI, XSX VSHYP #M XSEX
FSK'ME #M XSEX JYQYWI'IE QYRGIM XEPI.
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8I\XYP HMR ZSPYQYP HI JE' IWXI VITVSHYW HYT 7GVMIVM PMXIVEVI 'M MWXSVMGI
EPI PYM %. -. 3HSFIWGY, &YGYVI#XM, )HMXYVE PMFVVMIM 7SGIG & 'SQT, 1887 ZSM. ---,
T. P-219 GSPE'MSREX, TIRXVY RPXYVEVIE KVI#IPMPSV HI XMTEV, GY IHM'ME %. -.
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KIRIVEPI I\TYWI R 2SX EWYTVE IHM'MIM, TYFPMGEX GE TVIJE' 3PSPSKMG PE IHM'ME
%PI\ERHVY 3HSFIWGY, 3TIVI, ZSP. " -. 7GVMIVM HMR ERMM 1848 1860 %RXYQI.
4SWXYQI. :EVMERXI. 2SXI. %RI\I. 8I\X GVMXMG #M ZEVMERXI HI +. 4MIRIWGY. 2SXI:
EGEH. 8YHSV :MERY #M :. 'RHIE. &YGYVI#XM", )HMXYVE %GEHIQMIM 6ITYFPMGMM
7SGMEPMWXI 6SQRME, 1965 T. 10 23 #M R 2SXE IHMXSVYPYM HMR %. -. 3HSFIWGY,
7GVMIVM EPIWI, (2 ZSM.). 7XYHMY MRXVSHYGXMZ HI 8. :MERY, )HM'MI GVMXMG HI +.
4MIRIWGY, (&YGYVI#XM), )HMXYVE n%PFEXVSW~, (GSPIG'ME) n0]GIYQ~, RV.) 91
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&MRRH GSRX HI TVS3PYP EGIWXIM IHM'MM, EQ JSWX SFPMKE'M W VIWXVYGXYVQ #M
W GSRGIRXVQ TVMR VIHYGIVM, XVMQMXIVM RGVYGM#EXI #M TVMR MRXIVGEPVM QEVGEXI
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