Caiet de Lucrari Practice ANALIZA CALITATIVA-75297-2

IP UNIVERSITATEA DE STAT DE MEDICINĂ ŞI FARMACIE
„Nicolae Testemiţanu”
CAIET DE LUCRĂRI PRATICE LA CHIMIE ANALITICĂ

PENTRU STUDENŢII ANULUI I,
FACULTATEA FARMACIE
Nume ………………………………………............
Grupa ……………………………………………....
2023
1
2
LUCRARE DE LABORATOR Nr.1
TEHNICA DE LUCRU ŞI PROCEDEELE PRINCIPALE ÎN ANALIZA CHIMICĂ CALITATIVĂ. NOŢIUNI DE

BAZĂ UTILIZATE ÎN ANALIZA CHIMICĂ CALITATIVĂ.
TEHNICA SECURITĂȚII ÎN LABORATORUL DE CHIMIE
În laboratoarele de CHIMIE, specificul lucrărilor practice determină posibilităţi diferite de accidentare (chimice, termice, electrice, mecanice).
Aceste accidente trebuie şi pot fi evitate prin respectarea normelor de tehnica securităţii. Majoritatea accidentelor în laboratoarele de chimie
provin din manipularea incorectă a reactivilor chimici. Pentru a nu se ajunge la arsuri sau otrăviri cu substanţe caustice sau toxice şi pentru a
se evita pericolul de explozie sau de incendiu trebuie respectate următoarele reguli de bază:
 sticlele de reactivi să fie etichetate, chiar dacă sunt folosite în mod trecător;
 în toate cazurile, înainte de a trece la lucru cu un reactiv necunoscut, trebuie să se cunoască în prealabil proprietăţile lui; în cazul unor
inscripţii neclare pe etichete sau când etichetele s-au pierdut, trebuie să se verifice neapărat dacă conţinutul borcanului sau sticlei de
reactiv corespunde cu reactivul sau cu produsul presupus;
 să nu se impurifice reactivii (la deschiderea sticlelor de reactivi dopurile trebuie puse cu capătul inferior în sus sau ţinute în mână; să
nu se schimbe dopurile, pipetele sticlelor de reactivi; sticlele de reactivi nu trebuie lăsate deschise);
 pentru luarea reactivilor trebuie folosite linguri, spatule de sticlă sau porţelan, pipete curate şi uscate (soluţiile concentrate de acizi şi
alcalii (hidroxizii metalelor alcaline) nu trebuie sub nici un motiv luate cu pipeta prin aspirare cu gura!);
 cântărirea sau măsurarea reactivilor trebuie făcută în vase şi ustensile curate, uscate.
 când se toarnă lichide care reacţionează violent cu apa vasul trebuie să fie perfect uscat, în caz contrar lichidul va fi împroşcat în jur;
acidul sulfuric concentrat se toarnă întotdeauna peste apă, nu invers, încet şi sub agitare, în vase rezistente la căldură, reacţia fiind
puternic exotermă (degajare de căldură)!! În general reacţiile puternic exoterme să se facă cu multă atenţie!
 să nu se toarne restul de substanţă nefolosită înapoi în borcanul sau în sticla de reactiv din care s-a luat;
 să nu se arunce la canal acizi concentraţi, substanţe periculoase sau substanţe care reacţionează cu apa; dacă totuşi s-a întâmplat: să se
dea drumul la apă multă!
 să se folosească substanţele în cantităţi mici, să nu se amestece la întâmplare, să nu se guste!
 să nu se arunce în chiuvetă sticle sparte, hârtie!!
3
 lucrările cu substanţe toxice, acizi tari volatili, cu amoniac, cu substanţe care au miros neplăcut, trebuie efectuate numai sub un bun
tiraj, sub nişe de laborator!
 mirosirea substanţelor toxice se face cu grijă, prin ţinerea vasului la distanţă şi apropierea prin mişcarea mâini a vaporilor care se
degajă. Aceste substanţe trebuie manipulate cu multe precauţii!
 încălzirea substanţelor trebuie realizată în vase rezistente (sticlă specială, porţelan); încălzirea directă la flacără se face treptat, agitând
vasul pentru a nu provoca supraîncălziri; la încălzirea unui lichid într-o eprubetă, gura eprubetei nu trebuie să fie îndreptată spre cel
care o ţine sau spre persoanele din jur, deoarece pot avea loc împroşcări de lichid!
 lichidele inflamabile trebuie încălzite cu grijă. Lichidele nemiscibile cu apa şi inflamabile ne se vor arunca la canal. Solvenţii organici se
vor colecta pentru recuperare!
Pentru evitarea accidentelor în laborator este necesară păstrarea ordinei la locul de muncă şi a disciplinei. Lucrând neatent, superficial,
studentul se poate accidenta cu uşurinţă.
Masa de lucru trebuie ţinută în ordine!
Manipulările de substanţe şi operaţiile de laborator să fie făcute corect, cu atenţie şi folosind un halat de protecţie!
Am fost informat(ă) referitor la tehnica securității în laboratorul de chimie, pentru ce mă semnez:
Nume ………………………………………............
Grupa ……………………………………………....
Data ……………………………………………....
4
GLOSAR DE TERMENI
Chimie analitică
Analiza chimică calitativă
Reacțiile analitice
Efect (semnal) analitic
Analit
Cation
Anion
Reacțiile farmacopeice
Reactiv de grupă
Reacțiile microcristaloscopice
5
Reacțiile de identificare
Reacțiile comune
Reacțiile selective
Reacțiile specifice
Reacțiile de separare
Precipitare
Centrifugare
Mascarea ionilor
6
Reacțiile efectuate pe cale ”uscată”
Reacțiile efectuate pe cale ”umedă”
Analiza fracționară
Analiza sistematică
7
ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA I ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica grupei I analitice de cationi

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
8
Reacţiile de identificare
ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUARE EFECTUL

CATIONUL REACTIVUL
(forma ionică!) A REACŢIEI ANALITIC
K+
……………..
………………
K+
…………………
………………….
K+
……………………….
...........................
K+
……………………….
...........................
9
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Na+
…………………………
………………………….
Na+
………………………...
...............................
Li+ …………………………
………………………….
Li+ …………………………
………………………….
NaF
…………………………
Li+
………………………….
10
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
NH4+
……………..
………………
NH4+
…………………
………………….
Reacţiile de colorare a flăcării:
K+ - .................................................................................................................................
Na+ - .................................................................................................................................
Li+ - .................................................................................................................................
11
Analiza amestecului de cationi din grupa I analitică
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
12
ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA II ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica grupei II analitice de cationi

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
Produsele reacţiilor comune şi selective ale cationilor din grupa II analitică
Reactivii Ag+ Hg22+ Pb2+
HCl
NaOH
H2S
NH3 (exces)
KI
K2CrO4
14
ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUL

CATIONUL REACTIVUL
(forma ionică!) EFECTUARE A REACŢIEI ANALITIC
Ag+
……………………….
Ag+
……………………….
Ag+
……………………………..
15
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Hg22+
……………………….
Hg22+
……………………….
Hg22+ ……………………………..
Hg22+
……………………………..
16
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Pb2+
……………………….
Pb2+
……………………….
17
Analiza amestecului de cationi din grupa II analitică
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
18
LUCRARE DE LABORATOR Nr. 4
ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA III ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica grupei III analitice de cationi

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
19
Produsele reacţiilor comune ale cationilor din grupa III analitică
Reactivii Ba2+ Ca2+
H2SO4
(NH4)2C2O4
Na2CO3 sau (NH4)2CO3
Na2HPO4
20

CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Ba2+
……………………….
Ba2+
……………………….
Ca2+
……………………………..
21
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Ca2+
…………………
………………….
Ca2+
……………………….
Reacţia de colorare a flăcării:
Ca2+ - .................................................................................................................................
22
Analiza amestecului de cationi din grupa III analitică
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
23
ANALIZA AMESTECULUI DE CATIONI DIN GRUPELE I-III ANALITICE
1. Cercetări preliminare:
a) .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
c) .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
d) .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
24
2. Analiza sistematică a amestecului de cationi din grupele I – III analitice
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
25
ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA IV ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica grupei IV analitice de cationi:

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
26
Produsele reacţiilor comune şi selective ale cationilor din grupa IV analitică
Reactivii Al3+ Cr3+ Zn2+ As(III) As(V)
NaOH
(1:1)
NaOH
(excess)
NH3 (exces)
H2S
Na2CO3
Na2HPO4
27

CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Co(NO3)2
Al3+
……………………….
Al3+
……………………….
NaOH + NH4Cl
Al3+ ……………………………..
Al3+
..................................
28
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Zn2+
…………………
………………….
Zn2+
……………………….
Co(NO3)2
Zn2+ ……………………….
Reacţia de oxidare a
Cr3+
Cr(III) până la H2Cr2O6
29
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
As(III)
………………….
As(III)
……………………….
Zn
As(III) ……………………….
I2
As(III) ……………………….
30
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
As(V)
………………….
As(V)
……………………….
Zn
As(V) ……………………….
As(V) ……………………….
31
Analiza amestecului de cationi din grupa IV analitică
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
32
ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA V ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica grupei V analitice de cationi:

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
33
Produsele reacţiilor comune şi selective ale cationilor din grupa V analitică
Reactivii
Fe2+ Fe3+ Mn2+ Mg2+ Bi3+
NaOH
NaOH + H2O2
NH3
H2 S
Na2CO3
Na2HPO4
34

CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Fe2+
……………………….
Fe2+
……………………….
Fe2+
……………………………..
35
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Fe3+
…………………
………………….
KSCN
Fe3+ ……………………….
PbO2
Mn2+ ……………………….
NaBiO3
Mn2+ ……………………….
36
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Bi3+
………………….
Bi3+
……………………….
Bi3+ KI
……………………….
Bi3+ ……………………….
37
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Mg2+ Na2HPO4
……………………….
Mg2+
..................................
38
Analiza amestecului de cationi din grupa V analitică
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
39
ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA VI ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica grupei VI analitice de cationi:

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
40
Produsele reacţiilor comune şi selective ale cationilor din grupa VI analitică
Reactivii
Cu2+ Hg2+ Co2+ Ni2+
NaOH
NH3 (dil.)
NH3 (conc.)
NH3 (c) + NH4Cl
H2 S
Na2CO3
41

CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Cu2+
……………………….
Fe
Cu2+
……………………….
Cu2+
……………………………..
Cu2+
…………………
KI
Cu2+
……………………….
42
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Hg2+
……………………….
KI
Hg2+
……………………….
Hg2+
……………………………..
Hg2+
…………………
Hg2+
……………………….
43
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Co2+ NH4SCN
……………………….
Co2+ Zn(NO3)2
……………………….
Co2+
………………..…….
………………………
44
CATIONUL REACTIVUL
Ni2+
……………………….
Ni2+
………………………….
…………………………..
45
Analiza amestecului de cationi din grupa VI analitică
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
46
ANALIZA AMESTECULUI DE CATIONI DIN GRUPELE IV-VI ANALITICE
1. Cercetări preliminare:
a) ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
c) .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
d) .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
47
2. Analiza sistematică a amestecului de cationi din grupele IV – VI analitice
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
48
ANALIZA ANIONILOR DIN GRUPA I ANALITICĂ
1. Caracteristica anionilor
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
49
Reacţiile analitice ale anionilor din grupa I analitică
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
……………..
...............
................
…………………
……………
……………
……………………….
……………………….
...............
................
……………………….
……………
……………
……………………….
50
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
……………………….
………………………...
...............
................ …………………………
……………
……………
…………………………
51
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
............... ……………..
................
……………
…………………
……………
............... …………………
................
……………
…………… …………………
52
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
……………..
...............
................
……………
…………………
……………
...............
................
…………………
……………
……………
53
Analiza amestecului de anioni
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
54
ANALIZA ANIONILOR DIN GRUPELE II - III ANALITICE
1. Caracteristica anionilor
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
55
Reacţiile analitice ale anionilor din grupa II analitică
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
……………..
...............
................
…………………
……………
……………
……………………….
……………..
...............
................
……………………….
……………
……………
……………………….
56
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
………………………...
...............
................
…………………………
……………
……………
…………………………
............... ………………………...
................
…………… ………………………...
……………
57
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
............... ……………..
................
……………
…………………
……………
............... …………………
................
……………
…………… …………………
58
Reacţiile analitice ale anionilor din grupa III analitică
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
……………..
…………………
...............
................
……………………….
……………
……………
……………………….
……………..
59
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
……………..
……………………….
...............
................
……………………….
……………
…………… ……………………….
……………..
60
ANIONUL REACTIVUL
………………………...
...............
................
…………………………
……………
……………
…………………………
61
Analiza amestecului de anioni
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUZIE: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
62
ANALIZA AMESTECULUI DE ANIONI DIN GRUPELE I-III ANALITICE
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
63
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
CONCLUSIE:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
64
ANALIZA SUBSTANŢEI SOLIDE MEDICAMENTOASE
Primiți de la lector problema de studiu și de cercetare (modelul de analizat). Modelul pentru analiză primit se împartă în trei părți: una
din ele servește pentru identificarea cationului, alta – pentru descoperirea anionului, a treia se folosește la încercările preliminare și parțial
pentru verificarea rezultatelor analizei.
Analiza începe cu observările și încercările preliminare. Ele dau informații pentru orientare, necesare la alegerea metodei raționale de trecere
a modelului în soluție, și care ușurează alegerea mersului analizei.
Lista substanțelor medicamentoase care pot fi prezente în modelul de analizat
NaCl NH4Br
NaNO2 (NH4)2SO4
NaBr ZnSO4
Na2SO4 MgSO4
Na2S2O3 MgCl2
KCl MgCO3
KI CaCl2
KBr CaCO3
K2CO3 FeSO4
CH3COOK BaSO4
NH4Cl
Analiza preliminară
1. Examenul organoleptic. Cele mai de seamă semne caracteristice care indică prezența unor săruri sunt:
Culoarea …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Forma cristalelor ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Mirosul …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Omogenitatea ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
65
2. Test cu acid sulfuric diluat și concentrat
A. Test cu acid sulfuric diluat. O porțiune mică de substanță de analizat se tratează cu câteva picături de acid sulfuric diluat și se observă
fenomenele care au loc.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
B. Test cu acid sulfuric concentrat. O porțiune mică de substanță de analizat se tratează cu câteva picături de acid sulfuric concentrat și
se observă efectele analitice care au loc.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
C. Comportarea față de diverși solvenți. Determinarea solubilității se execută cu porțiuni mici de substanță de analizat. Se încearcă mai
întâi solubilizarea în apă distilată la rece și la cald, apoi în acizi minerali diluați. În cazul când substanța nu se dizolvă nici în apă, nici în
acizi minerali diluați, se încearcă solubilizarea în acizi și baze concentrate.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3
3. Dizolvarea substanței de analizat.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4 . Analiza cationului
A. Test cu carbonatul de sodiu. La 5-6 picături de soluție de analizat se adaugă carbonat de sodiu. Dacă se formează precipitat, atunci se
face concluzia dspre prezența cationilor grupelor superioare II-VI, în caz contrar, cationii grupelor indicate lipsesc.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
B. Identificarea cationului.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 . Analiza anionului.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CONCLUSIE:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4
5

Caiet de Lucrari Practice ANALIZA CALITATIVA-75297-2

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Caiet de Lucrari Practice ANALIZA CALITATIVA-75297-2

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

IP UNIVERSITATEA DE STAT DE MEDICINĂ ŞI FARMACIE

CAIET DE LUCRĂRI PRATICE LA CHIMIE ANALITICĂ

TEHNICA DE LUCRU ŞI PROCEDEELE PRINCIPALE ÎN ANALIZA CHIMICĂ CALITATIVĂ. NOŢIUNI DE

TEHNICA SECURITĂȚII ÎN LABORATORUL DE CHIMIE

Masa de lucru trebuie ţinută în ordine!

Am fost informat(ă) referitor la tehnica securității în laboratorul de chimie, pentru ce mă semnez:

Analiza chimică calitativă

Efect (semnal) analitic

Reacțiile efectuate pe cale ”umedă”

ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA I ANALITICĂ

1. Caracteristica grupei I analitice de cationi

ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUARE EFECTUL

Reacţiile de colorare a flăcării:

ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA II ANALITICĂ

1. Caracteristica grupei II analitice de cationi

Reactivii Ag+ Hg22+ Pb2+

ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUL

ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA III ANALITICĂ

1. Caracteristica grupei III analitice de cationi

Reactivii Ba2+ Ca2+

Na2CO3 sau (NH4)2CO3

ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUL

Reacţia de colorare a flăcării:

ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA IV ANALITICĂ

1. Caracteristica grupei IV analitice de cationi:

Reactivii Al3+ Cr3+ Zn2+ As(III) As(V)

ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUL

ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA V ANALITICĂ

1. Caracteristica grupei V analitice de cationi:

ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUL

ANALIZA CATIONILOR DIN GRUPA VI ANALITICĂ

1. Caracteristica grupei VI analitice de cationi:

NH3 (c) + NH4Cl

ECUAŢIA REACŢIEI CONDIŢIILE DE EFECTUL

ANALIZA AMESTECULUI DE CATIONI DIN GRUPELE IV-VI ANALITICE

ANALIZA ANIONILOR DIN GRUPA I ANALITICĂ

ANALIZA ANIONILOR DIN GRUPELE II - III ANALITICE

ANALIZA AMESTECULUI DE ANIONI DIN GRUPELE I-III ANALITICE

ANALIZA SUBSTANŢEI SOLIDE MEDICAMENTOASE

Lista substanțelor medicamentoase care pot fi prezente în modelul de analizat

S-ar putea să vă placă și